├── .gitignore ├── LICENSE ├── Makefile ├── README.md ├── README_EN.md ├── i386-bootloader.ld ├── i386-kernel.ld ├── i386-module.ld ├── src ├── bootloader │ ├── stage1 │ │ ├── include │ │ │ ├── disk.asm │ │ │ ├── gdt.asm │ │ │ ├── hata.asm │ │ │ └── protected_mode.asm │ │ └── stage1.asm │ └── stage2 │ │ ├── bootloader.cpp │ │ ├── include │ │ ├── ata.h │ │ ├── fat12.h │ │ ├── fs.h │ │ ├── initialize.h │ │ ├── ports.h │ │ ├── stdio.h │ │ └── string.h │ │ └── stage2.asm ├── kernel │ ├── include │ │ ├── ata.h │ │ ├── dt.h │ │ ├── fat12.h │ │ ├── fs.h │ │ ├── initialize.h │ │ ├── isr.h │ │ ├── keyboard.h │ │ ├── math.h │ │ ├── memory.h │ │ ├── mouse.h │ │ ├── pic.h │ │ ├── ports.h │ │ ├── rtc.h │ │ ├── sse.h │ │ ├── stdio.h │ │ ├── string.h │ │ ├── system.h │ │ ├── timer.h │ │ └── vga.h │ ├── kernel.asm │ ├── kernel.cpp │ ├── modules.asm │ └── modules.cpp └── shell │ └── shell.c └── tools └── toolchain /.gitignore: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | bin/ 2 | *.o 3 | *.out 4 | i386-bin/ 5 | Mkfile.old 6 | .vscode/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /LICENSE: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE 2 | Version 3, 29 June 2007 3 | 4 | Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 5 | Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies 6 | of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. 7 | 8 | Preamble 9 | 10 | The GNU General Public License is a free, copyleft license for 11 | software and other kinds of works. 12 | 13 | The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed 14 | to take away your freedom to share and change the works. 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It is safest 630 | to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively 631 | state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least 632 | the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found. 633 | 634 | 635 | Copyright (C) 636 | 637 | This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify 638 | it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by 639 | the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or 640 | (at your option) any later version. 641 | 642 | This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 643 | but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 644 | MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 645 | GNU General Public License for more details. 646 | 647 | You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License 648 | along with this program. If not, see . 649 | 650 | Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail. 651 | 652 | If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short 653 | notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode: 654 | 655 | Copyright (C) 656 | This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'. 657 | This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it 658 | under certain conditions; type `show c' for details. 659 | 660 | The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate 661 | parts of the General Public License. Of course, your program's commands 662 | might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an "about box". 663 | 664 | You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school, 665 | if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary. 666 | For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see 667 | . 668 | 669 | The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program 670 | into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you 671 | may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with 672 | the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General 673 | Public License instead of this License. But first, please read 674 | . 675 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /Makefile: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #elfgcc=tools/i386-elf/bin/i386-elf-gcc # installation from toolchain dir 2 | #elfld=tools/i386-elf/bin/i386-elf-ld 3 | 4 | elfgcc=i386-elf-gcc # installation from `yay -S i386-elf-gcc` 5 | elfld=i386-elf-ld 6 | 7 | BUILD_DIR=i386-bin 8 | 9 | .PHONY: build 10 | build: $(clean) 11 | export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/i386elfgcc/bin 12 | mkdir -pv $(BUILD_DIR) 13 | @printf "\n\e[0;32m==> $(BUILD_DIR) e derleniyor..." 14 | @nasm "src/bootloader/stage1/stage1.asm" -f bin -o "$(BUILD_DIR)/stage1.bin" 15 | @nasm "src/bootloader/stage2/stage2.asm" -f elf -o "$(BUILD_DIR)/stage2.o" 16 | @nasm "src/kernel/kernel.asm" -f elf -o "$(BUILD_DIR)/kernel_asm.o" 17 | @nasm "src/kernel/modules.asm" -f elf -o "$(BUILD_DIR)/moduleAsm.o" 18 | $(elfgcc) -ffreestanding -m32 -g -c -Wno-write-strings "src/bootloader/stage2/bootloader.cpp" -o "$(BUILD_DIR)/bootloader.o" 19 | $(elfgcc) -ffreestanding -m32 -g -c -Wno-write-strings "src/kernel/kernel.cpp" -o "$(BUILD_DIR)/kernel_c.o" 20 | $(elfgcc) -ffreestanding -m32 -g -c -Wno-write-strings "src/kernel/modules.cpp" -o "$(BUILD_DIR)/modulesC.o" 21 | $(elfld) -o "$(BUILD_DIR)/bootloader.bin" -T i386-bootloader.ld "$(BUILD_DIR)/stage2.o" "$(BUILD_DIR)/bootloader.o" --oformat binary 22 | $(elfld) -o "$(BUILD_DIR)/kernel.bin" -T i386-kernel.ld "$(BUILD_DIR)/kernel_asm.o" "$(BUILD_DIR)/kernel_c.o" --oformat binary 23 | $(elfld) -o "$(BUILD_DIR)/modules.bin" -T i386-module.ld "$(BUILD_DIR)/moduleAsm.o" "$(BUILD_DIR)/modulesC.o" --oformat binary 24 | cat "$(BUILD_DIR)/stage1.bin" "$(BUILD_DIR)/bootloader.bin" > "$(BUILD_DIR)/boot.bin" 25 | dd if=/dev/zero of=$(BUILD_DIR)/disk.bin bs=512 count=2880 26 | mkfs.fat -v -F 12 -n "DISK" $(BUILD_DIR)/disk.bin #kernel and module outputs are on disk 27 | dd if=$(BUILD_DIR)/boot.bin of=$(BUILD_DIR)/disk.bin conv=notrunc 28 | @mcopy -v -i $(BUILD_DIR)/disk.bin $(BUILD_DIR)/kernel.bin "::kernel.bin" 29 | @mcopy -v -i $(BUILD_DIR)/disk.bin $(BUILD_DIR)/modules.bin "::modules.bin" 30 | 31 | .PHONY: help 32 | help: 33 | @printf "clean: derlenmişi temizler\nbuild: derler\nrun: qemu da açar\noutput: $(BUILD_DIR)" 34 | 35 | .PHONY: clean 36 | clean: 37 | rm -rvf $(BUILD_DIR)/* 38 | .PHONY: setup 39 | setup: 40 | ./tools/toolchain 41 | 42 | .PHONY: run 43 | run: 44 | qemu-system-i386 -m 256M -device VGA,vgamem_mb=128 $(BUILD_DIR)/disk.bin 45 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # vimixOS 2 | i386 mimarili minimal işletim sistemi. (gerçi işletim sistemi denilebilirse) 3 |
[for english version](https://github.com/19atlas/vimixos/blob/main/README_EN.md) 4 | ## Derlemek için, 5 | ### küçük not: Fedora, Gentoo, Debian tabanlı ve Arch tabanlı sistemlerde denenmiştir. 6 | - `make setup` komutuyla derleyici kurulacaktır. 7 | - kurulduğunda `make clean build` komutunu çalıştırın. 8 | 9 | ## Sıra çalıştırmada! 10 | - öncelikle gereken paketleri kurmalısınız
`nasm`
`qemu-full`
`qemu-headless-arch-extra`
paketleri gibi [daha fazla bilgi için](https://github.com/nanobyte-dev/nanobyte_os#building) 11 | - `make run` komutu ile qemuyu açın. 12 | 13 | ## Vimixos hedefleri: 14 | - [ ] stabilite (cidden zor) 15 | - [ ] uygun bir shell 16 | - [ ] çok uzun zaman sonra uygulama geliştirme (DEler yazma programları vs.) 17 | - [ ] internet 18 | - [ ] akıllı saatlere portlama (imkansız) 19 | 20 | ## eklenmesi gerekenler: 21 | - [ ] FAT32 destegi 22 | - [ ] C++ desteği 23 | - [ ] UNIX-like 24 | - [ ] SHELL 25 | 26 | ## Vimixos dizinleri 27 | - `i386-bin` vimixos derlendikten sonra çıktıyı buraya atar 28 | - `src` vimixos kaynağı 29 | - `src/kernel` viniz kerneli burda bulunur 30 | - `src/bootloader` vimixos bootloader 31 | - `tools/toolchain` çalıştırılabilir dosyası vimixos'a uygun binutils ve derleyiciyi indirir. 32 | 33 | BU PROJE GPL LİSANSI İLE LİSANSLANMIŞTIR [daha fazla bilgi için](https://www.gnu.org/licenses/rms-why-gplv3.html) 34 | 35 | 36 | ![GPL kullan](https://www.gnu.org/graphics/gplv3-with-text-136x68.png) 37 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /README_EN.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # vimixOS 2 | Minimal operating system with i386 architecture. (if it can even be called an operating system) 3 | ## For compiling 4 | ### footnote: tested in: Fedora, Gentoo, Debian and Arch based distros 5 | - `make setup` The toolchains will be compiled with the command 6 | - when finished run `make clean build`! 7 | 8 | ## Emulation (QEMU) 9 | - You should install required packages, such as
`qemu-full`
`qemu-headless-arch-extra` packages [for more information](https://github.com/nanobyte-dev/nanobyte_os#building) 10 | - run `make run` for qemu 11 | 12 | ## Vimixos goals: 13 | - [ ] stability (serius) 14 | - [ ] shell (but minimal for some reasons) 15 | - [ ] UI (ex. GUI) 16 | - [ ] internet 17 | - [ ] porting to smartwatch (impossible) 18 | 19 | ## Features to be added 20 | - [ ] FAT32 support 21 | - [ ] file system (from scratch) 22 | - [ ] C++ and compiler support 23 | - [ ] UNIX-like 24 | - [ ] SHELL 25 | 26 | ## Vimixos file locations 27 | - `i386-bin` vimixos after compiled files 28 | - `src/kernel` viniz kernel 29 | - `src/bootloader` vimixos bootloader 30 | - `tools/toolchain` file for vimixos'a suitable binutils and cross-compiler. 31 | 32 | this project under the GPL LICENSE [see](https://www.gnu.org/licenses/rms-why-gplv3.html) 33 | 34 | 35 | ![USE GPL bro](https://www.gnu.org/graphics/gplv3-with-text-136x68.png) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /i386-bootloader.ld: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | ENTRY(bootloader) 2 | OUTPUT_FORMAT("binary") 3 | phys = 0x00001000; 4 | 5 | SECTIONS 6 | { 7 | . = phys; 8 | 9 | .text : { __text_start = .; *(.text) } 10 | .data : { __data_start = .; *(.data) } 11 | .rodata : { __rodata_start = .; *(.rodata) } 12 | .bss : { __bss_start = .; *(.bss) } 13 | 14 | __end = .; 15 | } -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /i386-kernel.ld: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | ENTRY(main) 2 | OUTPUT_FORMAT("binary") 3 | phys = 0x0100000; 4 | 5 | SECTIONS 6 | { 7 | . = phys; 8 | 9 | .text : { __text_start = .; *(.text) } 10 | .data : { __data_start = .; *(.data) } 11 | .rodata : { __rodata_start = .; *(.rodata) } 12 | .bss : { __bss_start = .; *(.bss) } 13 | 14 | __end = .; 15 | } -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /i386-module.ld: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | ENTRY(main) 2 | OUTPUT_FORMAT("binary") 3 | phys = 0x150000; 4 | 5 | SECTIONS 6 | { 7 | . = phys; 8 | 9 | .text : { __text_start = .; *(.text) } 10 | .data : { __data_start = .; *(.data) } 11 | .rodata : { __rodata_start = .; *(.rodata) } 12 | .bss : { __bss_start = .; *(.bss) } 13 | 14 | __end = .; 15 | } -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /src/bootloader/stage1/include/disk.asm: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | ;function of reading from disk. 2 | disk_read: 3 | ;read data from the disk with the given parameters at the specified memory address. 4 | mov ah, 0x02 ;function for reading from disk. 5 | mov ch, 0x00 ;disk cylinder number. 6 | mov dh, 0x00 ;disk head number. 7 | push 0x0000 ;es contains the memory segment. 8 | pop es 9 | ;calls switch 0x13 to read from disk with given parameters. 10 | int 0x13 11 | ;on a successful read the ah register equals zero. 12 | cmp ah, 0x00 13 | ;if not, jump to the disk_read_error label. 14 | jne disk_read_error 15 | ;returns to where the disk_read function was called. 16 | ret 17 | 18 | ;if unsuccessful print error 19 | disk_read_error: 20 | call hataYaz 21 | hlt -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /src/bootloader/stage1/include/gdt.asm: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | ;https://wiki.osdev.org/Global_Descriptor_Table 2 | gdt_start: 3 | 4 | gdt_null: 5 | 6 | DD 0x00000000 7 | DD 0x00000000 8 | 9 | gdt_code: 10 | 11 | DW 0xFFFF 12 | DW 0x0000 13 | DB 0x00 14 | DB 0x9A 15 | DB 0xCF 16 | DB 0x00 17 | 18 | gdt_data: 19 | 20 | DW 0xFFFF 21 | DW 0x0000 22 | DB 0x00 23 | DB 0x92 24 | DB 0xCF 25 | DB 0x00 26 | 27 | gdt_end: 28 | 29 | gdt_descriptor: 30 | 31 | DW gdt_end - gdt_start - 1 32 | DD gdt_start 33 | 34 | CODE_SEG EQU gdt_code - gdt_start 35 | DATA_SEG EQU gdt_data - gdt_start -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /src/bootloader/stage1/include/hata.asm: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | hataYaz: 2 | mov ebx, 0xb8000 ;Video Memory 3 | mov si, HataMsg ; load the address of the message into si 4 | jmp .print 5 | .print: 6 | mov ah, 0x0e ; set the video function to write a character with attribute 7 | mov bh, 0x00 ; page number 8 | mov bl, 0x07 ; attribute (white text on black background) 9 | .next_char: 10 | lodsb ; load the next character from si al = next chracter 11 | cmp al, 0 ; check if we have reached the end of the string 12 | je .finish ; if so, jump to finish 13 | int 0x10 ; otherwise, write the character to the screen 14 | jmp .next_char 15 | .finish: 16 | hlt 17 | jmp $ 18 | 19 | HataMsg: db "VIMIZ DISK HATASI",0x0D, 0x0a,"disk okunamiyor...", 0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /src/bootloader/stage1/include/protected_mode.asm: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | ;function to enter protected mode. 2 | enter_protected: 3 | cli ;disable the switches. 4 | lgdt[gdt_descriptor] ;loads the global description table. 5 | ;enter protected mode. 6 | mov eax, cr0 7 | or eax, 0x00000001 8 | mov cr0, eax 9 | ret ;returns to where the function was called. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /src/bootloader/stage1/stage1.asm: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | [ORG 0x7C00] 2 | [BITS 16] 3 | 4 | ;the boot manager memory address. 5 | BOOTLOADER_ADDRESS EQU 0x1000 6 | 7 | ;jump short to the _bootloader 8 | jmp short _bootloader 9 | nop 10 | 11 | ;SIEB parameter block. 12 | BPB_OEM: db 'VIMIZ OS' 13 | BPB_BYTES_PER_SECTOR: dw 0x0200 14 | BPB_SECTORS_PER_CLUSTER: db 0x01 15 | BPB_RESERVED_SECTORS: dw 0x000A 16 | BPB_FAT_NUMBER: db 0x02 17 | BPB_DIR_ENTRIES_NUMBER: dw 0x00E0 18 | BPB_TOTAL_SECTORS: dw 0x0B40 19 | BPB_MEDIA_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE: db 0xF0 20 | BPB_SECTORS_PER_FAT: dw 0x0009 21 | BPB_SECTORS_PER_TRACK: dw 0x0012 22 | BPB_HEAD_NUMBER: dw 0x0002 23 | BPB_HIDDEN_SECTORS: dd 0x00000000 24 | BPB_LARGE_SECTOR_NUMBER: dd 0x00000000 25 | 26 | ;extended boot track. 27 | EBR_DRIVE_NUMBER: db 0x00 28 | EBR_RESERVED: db 0x00 29 | EBR_SIGNATURE: db 0x29 30 | EBR_VOLUME_ID: db 0x11, 0x11, 0x11, 0x11 31 | EBR_VOLUME_LABEL: db 'DISK ' 32 | EBR_SYSTEM_ID: db 'FAT12 ' 33 | 34 | _bootloader: 35 | 36 | ;move the boot disk number to EBR_DRIVE_NUMBER 37 | mov [EBR_DRIVE_NUMBER], dl 38 | 39 | ;clear the screen by resetting the graphics mode. 40 | mov ah, 0x00 ;function for switching the graphics mode. 41 | mov al, 0x03 ;graphics mode 0x03 text 80x25 characters. 42 | int 0x10 ;call the 0x10 switch to reset the graphics mode. 43 | 44 | ;loads the next sector at memory address 0x7E00. 45 | ;sets the parameters for the read from disk function. 46 | mov al, 0x01 ;number of sectors to read. 47 | mov bx, 0x7E00 ;memory address where to load the data. 48 | mov cl, 0x02 ;sector number to start from. 49 | 50 | call disk_read ;calls the read from disk function. 51 | 52 | jmp _bootloader16 ;jump to the _bootloader16 53 | 54 | %INCLUDE"src/bootloader/stage1/include/disk.asm" 55 | %INCLUDE"src/bootloader/stage1/include/gdt.asm" 56 | %INCLUDE"src/bootloader/stage1/include/protected_mode.asm" 57 | %INCLUDE"src/bootloader/stage1/include/hata.asm" ;for error screen 58 | 59 | ;fill the rest of the sector excluding the last two octets with 0s. 60 | TIMES 510-($-$$) DB 0x00 61 | ;the last two octets must be 0x55 and 0xAA for the disk to be bootable. 62 | DW 0xAA55 63 | 64 | _bootloader16: 65 | ;sets segment registers. 66 | cli ;disable the switches. 67 | mov ax, 0x0000 68 | mov ds, ax 69 | mov es, ax 70 | mov ss, ax 71 | mov sp, 0x7C00 72 | sti ;re-enable the switches. 73 | 74 | ;loads the boot manager at the memory address specified above. 75 | ;sets the parameters for the read from disk function. 76 | mov al, 0x20 ;number of sectors to read. 77 | mov bx, BOOTLOADER_ADDRESS ;memory address where to load the data. 78 | mov cl, 0x03 ;sector number to start from. 79 | 80 | call disk_read ;calls the read from disk function. 81 | 82 | call enter_protected ;enter protected mode. 83 | 84 | jmp CODE_SEG:_bootloader32 ;jump to the _bootloader32 label. 85 | 86 | [BITS 32] 87 | _bootloader32: 88 | mov ax, DATA_SEG 89 | mov ds, ax 90 | mov es, ax 91 | mov fs, ax 92 | mov gs, ax 93 | mov ss, ax 94 | 95 | ;enable line A20 to use all available memory. 96 | in al, 0x92 97 | or al, 0x02 98 | out 0x92, al 99 | 100 | ;sets up the boot manager and operating system stack. 101 | mov ebp, 0x10000 102 | mov esp, ebp 103 | 104 | ;jump to boot manager memory address. 105 | jmp BOOTLOADER_ADDRESS 106 | 107 | ;fill the rest of the sector with 0. 108 | TIMES 1024-($-$$) DB 0x00 109 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /src/bootloader/stage2/bootloader.cpp: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #include"include/initialize.h" 2 | #include"include/stdio.h" 3 | #include"include/ata.h" 4 | #include"include/fs.h" 5 | #include"include/fat12.h" 6 | 7 | //bootloader main global function. 8 | extern "C" void bootloader() { 9 | //initialize the components. 10 | initialize(); 11 | //read the data kernel.bin ie the core of the operating system. 12 | fread("KERNEL BIN", 0x0100000); 13 | //jump to the address where the kernel was loaded and run it. 14 | void(*kernel)(void) = (void(*)())0x0100000; 15 | kernel(); 16 | return; 17 | } -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /src/bootloader/stage2/include/ata.h: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #pragma once 2 | 3 | #include"ports.h" 4 | #include 5 | 6 | #define STATUS_BUSY 0x80 7 | #define STATUS_READY 0x40 8 | #define STATUS_DRQ 0x08 9 | #define STATUS_DF 0x20 10 | #define STATUS_ERR 0x01 11 | 12 | static void ATA_wait_BSY() { 13 | while(inb(0x01F7) & STATUS_BUSY); 14 | } 15 | 16 | static void ATA_wait_DRQ() { 17 | while(!inb(0x01F7) & STATUS_READY); 18 | } 19 | 20 | //disk reading function. 21 | void read_sectors(uint32_t address, uint32_t lba, uint8_t sector_count) { 22 | //wait for the disk to be ready and free to read. 23 | ATA_wait_BSY(); 24 | //set the reading parameters. 25 | outb(0x01F6, 0xE0 | ((lba >> 0x18) & 0x0F)); 26 | outb(0x01F2, sector_count); 27 | outb(0x01F3, (uint8_t)lba); 28 | outb(0x01F4, (uint8_t)(lba >> 8)); 29 | outb(0x01F5, (uint8_t)(lba >> 16)); 30 | //sends the read signal. 31 | outb(0x01F7, 0x20); 32 | uint16_t* target = (uint16_t*)address; 33 | for(uint32_t i = 0x00; i < sector_count; i++) { 34 | ATA_wait_BSY(); 35 | ATA_wait_DRQ(); 36 | for(uint32_t j = 0x00; j < 0x0100; j++) 37 | //copy data to MAC memory. 38 | target[j] = inw(0x01F0); 39 | target += 0x0100; 40 | } 41 | return; 42 | } 43 | 44 | //disk writing 45 | void write_sectors(uint32_t lba, uint8_t sector_count, uint32_t* bytes) { 46 | //wait for the disk to be ready and free to read. 47 | ATA_wait_BSY(); 48 | //set the reading parameters. 49 | outb(0x01F6, 0xE0 | ((lba >> 0x18) & 0x0F)); 50 | outb(0x01F2, sector_count); 51 | outb(0x01F3, (uint8_t)lba); 52 | outb(0x01F4, (uint8_t)(lba >> 8)); 53 | outb(0x01F5, (uint8_t)(lba >> 16)); 54 | //sends write signal. 55 | outb(0x01F7, 0x30); 56 | for(uint32_t i = 0x00; i < sector_count; i++) { 57 | ATA_wait_BSY(); 58 | ATA_wait_DRQ(); 59 | for(uint32_t j = 0x00; j < 0x0100; j++) 60 | //copy the data to the storage device. 61 | outd(0x01F0, bytes[i]); 62 | } 63 | return; 64 | } 65 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /src/bootloader/stage2/include/fat12.h: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #pragma once 2 | 3 | #include"fs.h" 4 | #include 5 | #include 6 | 7 | //data entry structure. 8 | struct file_entry { 9 | //data name. 10 | uint8_t name[11]; 11 | //attributes. 12 | uint8_t attributes; 13 | //reserved. 14 | uint8_t reserved; 15 | //creation date. 16 | uint8_t created_time_tenths; 17 | uint16_t created_time; 18 | uint16_t created_date; 19 | //last access date. 20 | uint16_t accessed_time; 21 | //first group upper part. 22 | uint16_t first_cluster_high; 23 | //date of last modification. 24 | uint16_t modified_time; 25 | uint16_t modified_date; 26 | //lower first group. 27 | uint16_t first_cluster_low; 28 | //data size. 29 | uint32_t size; 30 | } __attribute((packed)); 31 | 32 | //reads data from disk to the specified memory address. 33 | bool fread(const char* filename, uint32_t address) { 34 | file_entry* file; 35 | char* mem = (char*)0x30000; 36 | while ((char*)mem < (char*)0x50000) { 37 | if(compare_strings(filename, mem)==true) { 38 | file = (file_entry*)mem; 39 | break; 40 | } 41 | mem+=32; 42 | } 43 | //if the counter has arrived at the address 0x00050000 it means that the entry has not been found. 44 | if((uint8_t*)mem == (uint8_t*)0x00050000) 45 | return false; 46 | //calculates the block of logical address. 47 | uint32_t lba = ((bpb->BPB_RESERVED_SECTORS + bpb->BPB_FAT_NUMBER * bpb->BPB_SECTORS_PER_FAT + (bpb->BPB_DIR_ENTRIES_NUMBER * 32 + bpb-> BPB_BYTES_PER_SECTOR -1) / bpb->BPB_BYTES_PER_SECTOR)) + (file->first_cluster_low - 2) * bpb-> BPB_SECTORS_PER_CLUSTER; 48 | //read the sectors containing the requested data. 49 | read_sectors(address, lba, (file->size / bpb->BPB_BYTES_PER_SECTOR + 1)); 50 | return true; 51 | } -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /src/bootloader/stage2/include/fs.h: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #pragma once 2 | 3 | #include"stdio.h" 4 | #include"string.h" 5 | #include"ata.h" 6 | #include 7 | 8 | //structure of the parameter block of the SIEB. 9 | struct bios_parameter_block { 10 | //short jump and nop. 11 | uint8_t NOP[0x03]; 12 | //codice del produttore di apparecchiature originali. 13 | uint8_t BPB_OEM[0x08]; 14 | //numero di octeti per settore. 15 | uint16_t BPB_BYTES_PER_SECTOR; 16 | //numero di settori per gruppo. 17 | uint8_t BPB_SECTORS_PER_CLUSTER; 18 | //numero di settori riservati. 19 | uint16_t BPB_RESERVED_SECTORS; 20 | //numero di tavole di allocazione dei dati. 21 | uint8_t BPB_FAT_NUMBER; 22 | //numero di entrate nel percorso radice. 23 | uint16_t BPB_DIR_ENTRIES_NUMBER; 24 | //numero di settori totale. 25 | uint16_t BPB_TOTAL_SECTORS; 26 | //codice del tipo di dispositivo di memoria. 27 | uint8_t BPB_MEDIA_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE; 28 | //numero di settori per tavola di allocazione dei dati. 29 | uint16_t BPB_SECTORS_PER_FAT; 30 | //numero di settori per traccia. 31 | uint16_t BPB_SECTORS_PER_TRACK; 32 | //numero di testine. 33 | uint16_t BPB_HEAD_NUMBER; 34 | //numero di settori nascosti. 35 | uint32_t BPB_HIDDEN_SECTORS; 36 | //numero di settori larghi. 37 | uint32_t BPB_LARGE_SECTOR_NUMBER; 38 | } __attribute((packed)); 39 | 40 | //struttura della traccia d'avvio estesa. 41 | struct extended_boot_record { 42 | //numero di identificazione del dispositivo di memoria. 43 | uint8_t EBR_DRIVE_NUMBER; 44 | //riservato. 45 | uint8_t EBR_RESERVED; 46 | //firma. 47 | uint8_t EBR_SIGNATURE; 48 | //numero di identificazione del volume. 49 | uint32_t EBR_VOLUME_ID; 50 | //nome del volume. 51 | uint8_t EBR_VOLUME_LABEL[0x0B]; 52 | //stringa di identificazione del tipo di struttura del disco. 53 | uint8_t EBR_SYSTEM_ID; 54 | } __attribute((packed)); 55 | 56 | //dichiara un puntatore alla struttura del blocco dei parametri del SIEB. 57 | bios_parameter_block* bpb; 58 | //dichiara un puntatore alla struttura della traccia d'avvio estesa. 59 | extended_boot_record* ebr; 60 | 61 | //funzione della lettura della tavola di allocazione dei dati. 62 | void read_fat() { 63 | //leggi la tavola di allocazione dei dati. 64 | read_sectors(0x20000, bpb->BPB_RESERVED_SECTORS, bpb->BPB_FAT_NUMBER * bpb->BPB_SECTORS_PER_FAT); 65 | return; 66 | } 67 | 68 | //funzione della lettura del percorso radice. 69 | void read_root_dir() { 70 | //leggi il percorso radice. 71 | read_sectors(0x30000, bpb->BPB_RESERVED_SECTORS + bpb->BPB_FAT_NUMBER * bpb->BPB_SECTORS_PER_FAT, 72 | (bpb->BPB_DIR_ENTRIES_NUMBER * 32 + bpb-> BPB_BYTES_PER_SECTOR -1) / bpb->BPB_BYTES_PER_SECTOR); 73 | return; 74 | } 75 | 76 | //funzione di inizializzazione della struttura del disco. 77 | void initialize_fs() { 78 | bpb = (bios_parameter_block*)0x00007C00; 79 | ebr = (extended_boot_record*)0x00007C24; 80 | read_fat(); 81 | read_root_dir(); 82 | return; 83 | } -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /src/bootloader/stage2/include/initialize.h: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #pragma once 2 | 3 | #include"stdio.h" 4 | #include"fs.h" 5 | 6 | //init 7 | void initialize() { 8 | initialize_fs(); 9 | return; 10 | } -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /src/bootloader/stage2/include/ports.h: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #pragma once 2 | 3 | #include 4 | 5 | //output function of an octet to an input and output port. 6 | static inline void outb(uint16_t port, uint8_t value) { 7 | asm("outb %0, %1" : : "a"(value), "Nd"(port)); 8 | return; 9 | } 10 | 11 | //input function of an octet to an input and output port. 12 | static inline uint8_t inb(uint16_t port) { 13 | uint8_t value; 14 | asm("inb %1, %0" : "=a"(value) : "Nd"(port)); 15 | return value; 16 | } 17 | 18 | //output function of two octets to one input and output port. 19 | static inline void outw(uint16_t port, uint16_t value) { 20 | asm("out %%ax, %%dx" : : "a"(value), "d"(port)); 21 | return; 22 | } 23 | 24 | //input function of two octets to an input and output port. 25 | static inline uint16_t inw(uint16_t port) { 26 | uint16_t value; 27 | asm("in %%dx, %%ax" : "=a"(value) : "d"(port)); 28 | return value; 29 | } 30 | 31 | //output function of four octets to one input and output port. 32 | static inline void outd(uint32_t port, uint32_t value) { 33 | asm("outl %%eax, %%dx" : : "a"(value), "d"(port)); 34 | } 35 | 36 | //input function of four octets to an input and output port. 37 | static inline uint32_t ind(uint32_t port) { 38 | uint32_t value; 39 | asm("inl %%dx, %%eax" : "=a"(value) : "d"(port)); 40 | return value; 41 | } -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /src/bootloader/stage2/include/stdio.h: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #pragma once 2 | 3 | #include"string.h" 4 | #include"ports.h" 5 | #include 6 | #include 7 | 8 | //imleç konumu. 9 | uint16_t x_pos = 0x0000, y_pos = 0x0000; 10 | //metin rengi. 11 | uint8_t color = 0x07; 12 | //metin arka plan rengi. 13 | uint8_t bg_color = 0x00; 14 | 15 | //metin modu bellek adresi 0x03. 16 | uint32_t* video_memory = (uint32_t*)0x000B8000; 17 | 18 | //metnin rengini ayarlayın. 19 | void set_color(uint8_t new_color) { 20 | color = new_color; 21 | return; 22 | } 23 | 24 | //metnin arka plan rengini ayarlar. 25 | void set_bg_color(uint8_t new_color) { 26 | bg_color = new_color; 27 | return; 28 | } 29 | 30 | //metni bir satır aşağı kaydırır. 31 | void scroll() { 32 | uint8_t attribute = (0x00 << 0x04) | (0x0F & 0x0F); 33 | uint16_t blank = 0x0020 | (attribute << 0x0008); 34 | if(y_pos >= 0x0019) { 35 | for(uint32_t i = 0x00000000 * 0x00000050; i < 0x00000018 * 0x00000050; i++) 36 | video_memory[i] = video_memory[i + 0x00000050]; 37 | for(uint32_t i = 0x00000018 * 0x00000050; i < 0x00000019 * 0x00000050; i++) 38 | video_memory[i] = blank; 39 | y_pos = 0x0018; 40 | } 41 | return; 42 | } 43 | 44 | //imlecin ekrandaki konumunu günceller. 45 | void update_cursor_pos(uint16_t x, uint16_t y) { 46 | uint16_t cursor_pos = y * 0x0050 + x; 47 | outb(0x03D4, 0x0F); 48 | outb(0x03D5, (uint8_t)(cursor_pos & 0xFF)); 49 | outb(0x03D4, 0x0E); 50 | outb(0x03D5, (uint8_t)((cursor_pos >> 0x08) & 0xFF)); 51 | return; 52 | } 53 | 54 | //imleç konumunu ilerleterek ekrana bir karakter yazar. 55 | void putc(unsigned char c){ 56 | uint16_t attrib = (0 << 4) | (color & 0x0F); 57 | volatile uint16_t* where; 58 | where = (volatile uint16_t *)0xB8000 + (y_pos * 80 + x_pos); 59 | *where = c | (attrib << 8); 60 | if(++x_pos >= 80){ 61 | x_pos = 0; 62 | y_pos++; 63 | } 64 | update_cursor_pos(x_pos, y_pos); 65 | if(y_pos >= 25) { 66 | x_pos = 0; 67 | scroll(); 68 | } 69 | return; 70 | } 71 | 72 | //imleci geri hareket ettirerek ekrandaki bir karakteri kaldırır. 73 | void putcback(){ 74 | uint16_t attrib = (0 << 4) | (color & 0x0F); 75 | volatile uint16_t * where; 76 | x_pos--; 77 | if(x_pos < 0) { 78 | x_pos = 79; 79 | y_pos--; 80 | } 81 | where = (volatile uint16_t *)0xB8000 + (y_pos * 80 + x_pos); 82 | *where = ' ' | (attrib << 8); 83 | update_cursor_pos(x_pos, y_pos); 84 | if(y_pos >= 25) { 85 | x_pos = 0; 86 | scroll(); 87 | } 88 | } 89 | 90 | //imleç konumunu ilerleterek ekrana bir dizi yazar. 91 | void puts(char* string){ 92 | uint16_t i; 93 | while(*string){ 94 | switch(*string){ 95 | case 0x0A: 96 | x_pos = 0x0000; 97 | y_pos++; 98 | *string++; 99 | scroll(); 100 | break; 101 | case 0x09: 102 | for(i = 0x0000; i <= 0x0008; i++) { 103 | putc(' '); 104 | } 105 | *string++; 106 | break; 107 | default: 108 | putc(*string); 109 | *string++; 110 | break; 111 | } 112 | } 113 | update_cursor_pos(x_pos, y_pos); 114 | return; 115 | } 116 | 117 | //imleç konumunu ilerleterek ekrana zengin bir dize yazar. 118 | void printf(char* format, ...) { 119 | va_list ap; 120 | va_start(ap, format); 121 | char* pointer; 122 | for (pointer = format; *pointer != 0x00; pointer++) { 123 | if (*pointer == '%') { 124 | ++pointer; 125 | switch (*pointer) { 126 | case 0x63: 127 | putc(va_arg(ap, int)); 128 | break; 129 | case 0x73: 130 | puts(va_arg(ap, char*)); 131 | break; 132 | case 0x64: 133 | puts(int_to_string(va_arg(ap, int), 10)); 134 | break; 135 | case 0x78: 136 | puts(int_to_string(va_arg(ap, uint32_t), 16)); 137 | break; 138 | } 139 | } else { 140 | putc(*pointer); 141 | } 142 | } 143 | return; 144 | } -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /src/bootloader/stage2/include/string.h: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #pragma once 2 | 3 | #include 4 | #include 5 | 6 | //bir sayıyı bir diziye dönüştürür. 7 | char* int_to_string(unsigned int num, int base) { 8 | static char repr[]= "0123456789ABCDEF"; 9 | static char buffer[50]; 10 | char *ptr; 11 | 12 | ptr = &buffer[49]; 13 | *ptr = '\0'; 14 | 15 | do { 16 | *--ptr = repr[num%base]; 17 | num /= base; 18 | }while(num != 0); 19 | 20 | return(ptr); 21 | } 22 | 23 | //iki diziyi karşılaştırın. 24 | bool compare_strings(const char* string1, const char* string2) { 25 | while(*string1!=0) { 26 | if(*string1 != *string2) 27 | return false; 28 | string1++; 29 | string2++; 30 | } 31 | return true; 32 | } -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /src/bootloader/stage2/stage2.asm: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | [BITS 32] 2 | ;import the bootloader function from bootloader.cpp. 3 | [EXTERN bootloader] 4 | ;call the bootloader function. 5 | call bootloader 6 | ;creates an infinite loop by jumping to the current memory address. 7 | jmp $ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /src/kernel/include/ata.h: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #pragma once 2 | 3 | #include"ports.h" 4 | #include 5 | 6 | #define STATUS_BUSY 0x80 7 | #define STATUS_READY 0x40 8 | #define STATUS_DRQ 0x08 9 | #define STATUS_DF 0x20 10 | #define STATUS_ERR 0x01 11 | 12 | static void ATA_wait_BSY() { 13 | while(inb(0x01F7) & STATUS_BUSY); 14 | } 15 | 16 | static void ATA_wait_DRQ() { 17 | while(!inb(0x01F7) & STATUS_READY); 18 | } 19 | 20 | //disk reading function. 21 | void read_sectors(uint32_t address, uint32_t lba, uint8_t sector_count) { 22 | //wait for the disk to be ready and free to read. 23 | ATA_wait_BSY(); 24 | //set the reading parameters. 25 | outb(0x01F6, 0xE0 | ((lba >> 0x18) & 0x0F)); 26 | outb(0x01F2, sector_count); 27 | outb(0x01F3, (uint8_t)lba); 28 | outb(0x01F4, (uint8_t)(lba >> 8)); 29 | outb(0x01F5, (uint8_t)(lba >> 16)); 30 | //sends the read signal. 31 | outb(0x01F7, 0x20); 32 | uint16_t* target = (uint16_t*)address; 33 | for(uint32_t i = 0x00; i < sector_count; i++) { 34 | ATA_wait_BSY(); 35 | ATA_wait_DRQ(); 36 | for(uint32_t j = 0x00; j < 0x0100; j++) 37 | //copy data to MAC memory. 38 | target[j] = inw(0x01F0); 39 | target += 0x0100; 40 | } 41 | return; 42 | } 43 | 44 | //disk writing function. 45 | void write_sectors(uint32_t lba, uint8_t sector_count, uint32_t* bytes) { 46 | //wait for the disk to be ready and free to read. 47 | ATA_wait_BSY(); 48 | //set the reading parameters. 49 | outb(0x01F6, 0xE0 | ((lba >> 0x18) & 0x0F)); 50 | outb(0x01F2, sector_count); 51 | outb(0x01F3, (uint8_t)lba); 52 | outb(0x01F4, (uint8_t)(lba >> 8)); 53 | outb(0x01F5, (uint8_t)(lba >> 16)); 54 | //invia il segnale di scrittura. 55 | outb(0x01F7, 0x30); 56 | for(uint32_t i = 0x00; i < sector_count; i++) { 57 | ATA_wait_BSY(); 58 | ATA_wait_DRQ(); 59 | for(uint32_t j = 0x00; j < 0x0100; j++) 60 | //copy the data to the storage device. 61 | outd(0x01F0, bytes[i]); 62 | } 63 | return; 64 | } -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /src/kernel/include/dt.h: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #pragma once 2 | 3 | #include"memory.h" 4 | #include"ports.h" 5 | #include 6 | #include 7 | 8 | //global description table entry structure. 9 | struct gdt_entry_t { 10 | uint16_t limit_low; 11 | uint16_t base_low; 12 | uint8_t base_middle; 13 | uint8_t access; 14 | uint8_t granularity; 15 | uint8_t base_high; 16 | }__attribute__((packed)); 17 | 18 | //pointer structure of the global description table. 19 | struct gdt_ptr_t { 20 | uint16_t limit; 21 | uint32_t base; 22 | }__attribute__((packed)); 23 | 24 | //switches description table entry structure. 25 | struct idt_entry_t { 26 | uint16_t base_low; 27 | uint16_t kernel_cs; 28 | uint8_t zero; 29 | uint8_t flags; 30 | uint16_t base_high; 31 | }__attribute__((packed)); 32 | 33 | //pointer structure of the switch description table. 34 | struct idt_ptr_t { 35 | uint16_t limit; 36 | uint32_t base; 37 | }__attribute__((packed)); 38 | 39 | //declaration of the global variables of the description tables. 40 | gdt_entry_t gdt_entries[5]; 41 | gdt_ptr_t gdt_ptr; 42 | idt_entry_t idt_entries[256]; 43 | idt_ptr_t idt_ptr; 44 | 45 | //global description table unload function. 46 | extern "C" void gdt_flush(uint32_t); 47 | 48 | //function of setting the gates of the global description table. 49 | static void gdt_set_gate(int num, uint32_t base, uint32_t limit, uint8_t access, uint8_t gran){ 50 | gdt_entries[num].base_low = (base & 0xFFFF); 51 | gdt_entries[num].base_middle = (base >> 16) & 0xFF; 52 | gdt_entries[num].base_high = (base >> 24) & 0xFF; 53 | gdt_entries[num].limit_low = (limit & 0xFFFF); 54 | gdt_entries[num].granularity = (limit >> 16) & 0x0F; 55 | gdt_entries[num].granularity |= gran & 0xF0; 56 | gdt_entries[num].access = access; 57 | } 58 | 59 | //global description table initialization function. 60 | static void initialize_gdt(){ 61 | gdt_ptr.limit = (sizeof(gdt_entry_t) * 5) - 1; 62 | gdt_ptr.base = (uint32_t)&gdt_entries; 63 | gdt_set_gate(0, 0, 0, 0, 0); 64 | gdt_set_gate(1, 0, 0xFFFFFFFF, 0x9A, 0xCF); 65 | gdt_set_gate(2, 0, 0xFFFFFFFF, 0x92, 0xCF); 66 | gdt_set_gate(3, 0, 0xFFFFFFFF, 0xFA, 0xCF); 67 | gdt_set_gate(4, 0, 0xFFFFFFFF, 0xF2, 0xCF); 68 | gdt_flush((uint32_t)&gdt_ptr); 69 | } 70 | 71 | //switch service managers. 72 | extern "C" void isr0(); 73 | extern "C" void isr1(); 74 | extern "C" void isr2(); 75 | extern "C" void isr3(); 76 | extern "C" void isr4(); 77 | extern "C" void isr5(); 78 | extern "C" void isr6(); 79 | extern "C" void isr7(); 80 | extern "C" void isr8(); 81 | extern "C" void isr9(); 82 | extern "C" void isr10(); 83 | extern "C" void isr11(); 84 | extern "C" void isr12(); 85 | extern "C" void isr13(); 86 | extern "C" void isr14(); 87 | extern "C" void isr15(); 88 | extern "C" void isr16(); 89 | extern "C" void isr17(); 90 | extern "C" void isr18(); 91 | extern "C" void isr19(); 92 | extern "C" void isr20(); 93 | extern "C" void isr21(); 94 | extern "C" void isr22(); 95 | extern "C" void isr23(); 96 | extern "C" void isr24(); 97 | extern "C" void isr25(); 98 | extern "C" void isr26(); 99 | extern "C" void isr27(); 100 | extern "C" void isr28(); 101 | extern "C" void isr29(); 102 | extern "C" void isr30(); 103 | extern "C" void isr31(); 104 | extern "C" void irq0(); 105 | extern "C" void irq1(); 106 | extern "C" void irq2(); 107 | extern "C" void irq3(); 108 | extern "C" void irq4(); 109 | extern "C" void irq5(); 110 | extern "C" void irq6(); 111 | extern "C" void irq7(); 112 | extern "C" void irq8(); 113 | extern "C" void irq9(); 114 | extern "C" void irq10(); 115 | extern "C" void irq11(); 116 | extern "C" void irq12(); 117 | extern "C" void irq13(); 118 | extern "C" void irq14(); 119 | extern "C" void irq15(); 120 | 121 | //download function of the switch description table. 122 | extern "C" void idt_flush(uint32_t); 123 | 124 | //switch description table gate setting function. 125 | static void idt_set_gate(uint8_t num, uint32_t base, uint16_t sel, uint8_t flags){ 126 | idt_entries[num].base_low = base & 0xFFFF; 127 | idt_entries[num].base_high = (base >> 16) & 0xFFFF; 128 | idt_entries[num].kernel_cs = sel; 129 | idt_entries[num].zero = 0; 130 | idt_entries[num].flags = flags; 131 | } 132 | 133 | //switch description table gate setting function. 134 | static void initialize_idt(){ 135 | idt_ptr.limit = sizeof(idt_entry_t) * 256 - 1; 136 | idt_ptr.base = (uint32_t)&idt_entries; 137 | memset(&idt_entries, 0, sizeof(idt_entry_t)*256); 138 | outb(0x20, 0x11); 139 | outb(0xA0, 0x11); 140 | outb(0x21, 0x20); 141 | outb(0xA1, 0x28); 142 | outb(0x21, 0x04); 143 | outb(0xA1, 0x02); 144 | outb(0x21, 0x01); 145 | outb(0xA1, 0x01); 146 | outb(0x21, 0x0); 147 | outb(0xA1, 0x0); 148 | idt_set_gate(0, (uint32_t)isr0 , 0x08, 0x8E); 149 | idt_set_gate(1, (uint32_t)isr1 , 0x08, 0x8E); 150 | idt_set_gate(2, (uint32_t)isr2 , 0x08, 0x8E); 151 | idt_set_gate(3, (uint32_t)isr3 , 0x08, 0x8E); 152 | idt_set_gate(4, (uint32_t)isr4 , 0x08, 0x8E); 153 | idt_set_gate(5, (uint32_t)isr5 , 0x08, 0x8E); 154 | idt_set_gate(6, (uint32_t)isr6 , 0x08, 0x8E); 155 | idt_set_gate(7, (uint32_t)isr7 , 0x08, 0x8E); 156 | idt_set_gate(8, (uint32_t)isr8 , 0x08, 0x8E); 157 | idt_set_gate(9, (uint32_t)isr9 , 0x08, 0x8E); 158 | idt_set_gate(10, (uint32_t)isr10, 0x08, 0x8E); 159 | idt_set_gate(11, (uint32_t)isr11, 0x08, 0x8E); 160 | idt_set_gate(12, (uint32_t)isr12, 0x08, 0x8E); 161 | idt_set_gate(13, (uint32_t)isr13, 0x08, 0x8E); 162 | idt_set_gate(14, (uint32_t)isr14, 0x08, 0x8E); 163 | idt_set_gate(15, (uint32_t)isr15, 0x08, 0x8E); 164 | idt_set_gate(16, (uint32_t)isr16, 0x08, 0x8E); 165 | idt_set_gate(17, (uint32_t)isr17, 0x08, 0x8E); 166 | idt_set_gate(18, (uint32_t)isr18, 0x08, 0x8E); 167 | idt_set_gate(19, (uint32_t)isr19, 0x08, 0x8E); 168 | idt_set_gate(20, (uint32_t)isr20, 0x08, 0x8E); 169 | idt_set_gate(21, (uint32_t)isr21, 0x08, 0x8E); 170 | idt_set_gate(22, (uint32_t)isr22, 0x08, 0x8E); 171 | idt_set_gate(23, (uint32_t)isr23, 0x08, 0x8E); 172 | idt_set_gate(24, (uint32_t)isr24, 0x08, 0x8E); 173 | idt_set_gate(25, (uint32_t)isr25, 0x08, 0x8E); 174 | idt_set_gate(26, (uint32_t)isr26, 0x08, 0x8E); 175 | idt_set_gate(27, (uint32_t)isr27, 0x08, 0x8E); 176 | idt_set_gate(28, (uint32_t)isr28, 0x08, 0x8E); 177 | idt_set_gate(29, (uint32_t)isr29, 0x08, 0x8E); 178 | idt_set_gate(30, (uint32_t)isr30, 0x08, 0x8E); 179 | idt_set_gate(31, (uint32_t)isr31, 0x08, 0x8E); 180 | idt_set_gate(32, (uint32_t)irq0, 0x08, 0x8e); 181 | idt_set_gate(33, (uint32_t)irq1, 0x08, 0x8e); 182 | idt_set_gate(34, (uint32_t)irq2, 0x08, 0x8e); 183 | idt_set_gate(35, (uint32_t)irq3, 0x08, 0x8e); 184 | idt_set_gate(36, (uint32_t)irq4, 0x08, 0x8e); 185 | idt_set_gate(37, (uint32_t)irq5, 0x08, 0x8e); 186 | idt_set_gate(38, (uint32_t)irq6, 0x08, 0x8e); 187 | idt_set_gate(39, (uint32_t)irq7, 0x08, 0x8e); 188 | idt_set_gate(40, (uint32_t)irq8, 0x08, 0x8e); 189 | idt_set_gate(41, (uint32_t)irq9, 0x08, 0x8e); 190 | idt_set_gate(42, (uint32_t)irq10, 0x08, 0x8e); 191 | idt_set_gate(43, (uint32_t)irq11, 0x08, 0x8e); 192 | idt_set_gate(44, (uint32_t)irq12, 0x08, 0x8e); 193 | idt_set_gate(45, (uint32_t)irq13, 0x08, 0x8e); 194 | idt_set_gate(46, (uint32_t)irq14, 0x08, 0x8e); 195 | idt_set_gate(47, (uint32_t)irq15, 0x08, 0x8e); 196 | idt_flush((uint32_t)&idt_ptr); 197 | } 198 | 199 | //description table initialization function. 200 | void initialize_dt(){ 201 | initialize_gdt(); 202 | initialize_idt(); 203 | } -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /src/kernel/include/fat12.h: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #pragma once 2 | 3 | #include"fs.h" 4 | #include 5 | #include 6 | 7 | //data entry structure. 8 | struct file_entry { 9 | //data name. 10 | uint8_t name[11]; 11 | //attributes. 12 | uint8_t attributes; 13 | //reserved. 14 | uint8_t reserved; 15 | //creation date. 16 | uint8_t created_time_tenths; 17 | uint16_t created_time; 18 | uint16_t created_date; 19 | //last access date. 20 | uint16_t accessed_time; 21 | //first group upper part. 22 | uint16_t first_cluster_high; 23 | //date of last modification. 24 | uint16_t modified_time; 25 | uint16_t modified_date; 26 | //lower first group. 27 | uint16_t first_cluster_low; 28 | //data size. 29 | uint32_t size; 30 | } __attribute((packed)); 31 | 32 | //reads data from disk to the specified memory address. 33 | bool fread(const char* filename, uint32_t address) { 34 | file_entry* file; 35 | char* mem = (char*)0x30000; 36 | while ((char*)mem < (char*)0x50000) { 37 | if(compare_strings(filename, mem)==true) { 38 | file = (file_entry*)mem; 39 | break; 40 | } 41 | mem+=32; 42 | } 43 | //if the counter has arrived at the address 0x00050000 it means that the entry has not been found. 44 | if((uint8_t*)mem == (uint8_t*)0x00050000) 45 | return false; 46 | //calculates the block of logical address. 47 | uint32_t lba = ((bpb->BPB_RESERVED_SECTORS + bpb->BPB_FAT_NUMBER * bpb->BPB_SECTORS_PER_FAT + (bpb->BPB_DIR_ENTRIES_NUMBER * 32 + bpb-> BPB_BYTES_PER_SECTOR -1) / bpb->BPB_BYTES_PER_SECTOR)) + (file->first_cluster_low - 2) * bpb-> BPB_SECTORS_PER_CLUSTER; 48 | //read the sectors containing the requested data. 49 | read_sectors(address, lba, (file->size / bpb->BPB_BYTES_PER_SECTOR + 1)); 50 | return true; 51 | } -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /src/kernel/include/fs.h: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #pragma once 2 | 3 | #include"stdio.h" 4 | #include"string.h" 5 | #include"ata.h" 6 | #include 7 | 8 | //structure of the parameter block of the SIEB. 9 | struct bios_parameter_block { 10 | uint8_t NOP[0x03]; //short jump and nop. 11 | uint8_t BPB_OEM[0x08]; //original equipment manufacturer code. 12 | uint16_t BPB_BYTES_PER_SECTOR; //number of octets per sector. 13 | uint8_t BPB_SECTORS_PER_CLUSTER; //number of sectors per group. 14 | uint16_t BPB_RESERVED_SECTORS; //number of reserved sectors. 15 | uint8_t BPB_FAT_NUMBER; //number of data allocation tables. 16 | uint16_t BPB_DIR_ENTRIES_NUMBER; //number of entries in the root path. 17 | uint16_t BPB_TOTAL_SECTORS; //total number of sectors. 18 | uint8_t BPB_MEDIA_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE; //memory device type code. 19 | uint16_t BPB_SECTORS_PER_FAT; //number of sectors per data allocation table. 20 | uint16_t BPB_SECTORS_PER_TRACK; //number of sectors per track. 21 | uint16_t BPB_HEAD_NUMBER; //number of heads. 22 | uint32_t BPB_HIDDEN_SECTORS; //number of hidden sectors. 23 | uint32_t BPB_LARGE_SECTOR_NUMBER; //number of wide sectors. 24 | } __attribute((packed)); 25 | 26 | //extended boot track structure. 27 | struct extended_boot_record { 28 | uint8_t EBR_DRIVE_NUMBER;//identification number of the storage device. 29 | uint8_t EBR_RESERVED; 30 | uint8_t EBR_SIGNATURE; //signature. 31 | uint32_t EBR_VOLUME_ID; //volume identification number 32 | uint8_t EBR_VOLUME_LABEL[0x0B]; //volume name 33 | uint8_t EBR_SYSTEM_ID; //disk structure type identification string. 34 | } __attribute((packed)); 35 | 36 | //declares a pointer to the structure of the SIEB's parameter block. 37 | bios_parameter_block* bpb; 38 | //declares a pointer to the extended boot trace structure. 39 | extended_boot_record* ebr; 40 | 41 | //function of reading the data allocation table. 42 | void read_fat() { 43 | //read the data allocation table. 44 | read_sectors(0x20000, bpb->BPB_RESERVED_SECTORS, bpb->BPB_FAT_NUMBER * bpb->BPB_SECTORS_PER_FAT); 45 | return; 46 | } 47 | 48 | //function of reading the root path. 49 | void read_root_dir() { 50 | //read the root path. 51 | read_sectors(0x30000, bpb->BPB_RESERVED_SECTORS + bpb->BPB_FAT_NUMBER * bpb->BPB_SECTORS_PER_FAT, 52 | (bpb->BPB_DIR_ENTRIES_NUMBER * 32 + bpb-> BPB_BYTES_PER_SECTOR -1) / bpb->BPB_BYTES_PER_SECTOR); 53 | return; 54 | } 55 | 56 | //disk structure initialization function. 57 | void initialize_fs() { 58 | bpb = (bios_parameter_block*)0x00007C00; 59 | ebr = (extended_boot_record*)0x00007C24; 60 | read_fat(); 61 | read_root_dir(); 62 | return; 63 | } -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /src/kernel/include/initialize.h: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #pragma once 2 | 3 | #include"stdio.h" 4 | #include"fs.h" 5 | #include"dt.h" 6 | #include"keyboard.h" 7 | #include"timer.h" 8 | #include"rtc.h" 9 | 10 | //inizializza le componenti del gestore d'avvio. 11 | void initialize() { 12 | initialize_fs(); 13 | initialize_dt(); 14 | initialize_keyboard(); 15 | initialize_timer(1.1931816666); 16 | initialize_rtc(); 17 | //initialize_mouse(); 18 | return; 19 | } -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /src/kernel/include/isr.h: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #pragma once 2 | 3 | #include"stdio.h" 4 | #include"ports.h" 5 | 6 | typedef struct regs { 7 | uint32_t ds; 8 | uint32_t edi, esi, ebp, esp, ebx, edx, ecx, eax; 9 | uint32_t int_no, err_code; 10 | uint32_t eip, cs, eflags, useresp, ss; 11 | } registers_t; 12 | 13 | typedef void (*isr_t)(registers_t); 14 | void register_interrupt_handler(uint8_t n, isr_t handler); 15 | 16 | #define IRQ0 32 17 | #define IRQ1 33 18 | #define IRQ2 34 19 | #define IRQ3 35 20 | #define IRQ4 36 21 | #define IRQ5 37 22 | #define IRQ6 38 23 | #define IRQ7 39 24 | #define IRQ8 40 25 | #define IRQ9 41 26 | #define IRQ10 42 27 | #define IRQ11 43 28 | #define IRQ12 44 29 | #define IRQ13 45 30 | #define IRQ14 46 31 | #define IRQ15 47 32 | 33 | #define DIVIDE_BY_ZERO 0 34 | #define DEBUG 1 35 | #define NON_MASKABLE_INTERRUPT 2 36 | #define BREAKPOINT 3 37 | #define OVERFLOW 4 38 | #define BOUND_RANGE_EXCEEDED 5 39 | #define INVALID_OPCODE 6 40 | #define DEVICE_NOT_AVAILABLE 7 41 | #define DOUBLE_FAULT 8 42 | #define COPROCESSOR_SEGMENT_OVERRUN 9 43 | #define INVALID_TSS 10 44 | #define SEGMENT_NOT_PRESENT 11 45 | #define STACK_SEGMENT_FAULT 12 46 | #define GENERAL_PROTECTION_FAULT 13 47 | #define PAGE_FAULT 14 48 | #define RESERVED1 15 49 | #define X87FLOATING_POINT_EXCEPTION 16 50 | #define ALIGMENT_CHECK 17 51 | #define MACHINE_CHECK 18 52 | #define SIMD_FLOATING_POINT_EXCEPTION 19 53 | #define VIRTUALIZATION_EXCEPTION 20 54 | #define CONTROL_PROTECTION_EXCEPTION 21 55 | #define RESERVED2 22 56 | #define RESERVED3 23 57 | #define RESERVED4 24 58 | #define RESERVED5 25 59 | #define RESERVED6 26 60 | #define RESERVED7 27 61 | #define HYPERVISOR_INJECTION_EXCEPTION 28 62 | #define VMM_COMUNICATION_EXCEPTION 29 63 | #define SECURITY_EXCEPTION 30 64 | #define RESERVED8 31 65 | 66 | isr_t interrupt_handlers[256]; 67 | 68 | void register_interrupt_handler(uint8_t n, isr_t handler){ interrupt_handlers[n] = handler; } 69 | 70 | extern "C" void isr_handler(registers_t regs){ 71 | set_color(0x4); 72 | switch(regs.int_no) { 73 | case DIVIDE_BY_ZERO: 74 | printf("Divide by zero."); 75 | break; 76 | case DEBUG: 77 | printf("Debug."); 78 | break; 79 | case NON_MASKABLE_INTERRUPT: 80 | printf("Non maskable interrupt."); 81 | break; 82 | case BREAKPOINT: 83 | printf("Breakpoint."); 84 | break; 85 | case OVERFLOW: 86 | printf("Overflow."); 87 | break; 88 | case BOUND_RANGE_EXCEEDED: 89 | printf("Bound range exceeded."); 90 | break; 91 | case INVALID_OPCODE: 92 | printf("Invalid opcode."); 93 | break; 94 | case DEVICE_NOT_AVAILABLE: 95 | printf("Device not available."); 96 | break; 97 | case DOUBLE_FAULT: 98 | printf("Double fault."); 99 | asm("cli; hlt"); 100 | break; 101 | case COPROCESSOR_SEGMENT_OVERRUN: 102 | printf("Coprocessor segment overrun."); 103 | break; 104 | case INVALID_TSS: 105 | printf("Invalid TSS."); 106 | break; 107 | case SEGMENT_NOT_PRESENT: 108 | printf("Segment not present."); 109 | break; 110 | case STACK_SEGMENT_FAULT: 111 | printf("Stack segment fault."); 112 | break; 113 | case GENERAL_PROTECTION_FAULT: 114 | printf("General protection fault."); 115 | break; 116 | case PAGE_FAULT: 117 | printf("Page fault."); 118 | break; 119 | case X87FLOATING_POINT_EXCEPTION: 120 | printf("x87 floating point exception."); 121 | break; 122 | case ALIGMENT_CHECK: 123 | printf("Aligment check."); 124 | break; 125 | case MACHINE_CHECK: 126 | printf("Machine check."); 127 | asm("cli; hlt"); 128 | break; 129 | case SIMD_FLOATING_POINT_EXCEPTION: 130 | printf("SIMD floating point exception."); 131 | break; 132 | case VIRTUALIZATION_EXCEPTION: 133 | printf("Virtualization exception."); 134 | break; 135 | case CONTROL_PROTECTION_EXCEPTION: 136 | printf("Control protection exception."); 137 | break; 138 | case HYPERVISOR_INJECTION_EXCEPTION: 139 | printf("Hypervisor injection exception."); 140 | break; 141 | case VMM_COMUNICATION_EXCEPTION: 142 | printf("VMM comunication exception."); 143 | break; 144 | case SECURITY_EXCEPTION: 145 | printf("Security exception."); 146 | break; 147 | default: 148 | printf("unhandled interrupt 0x%x\n", regs.int_no); 149 | break; 150 | } 151 | } 152 | 153 | extern "C" void irq_handler(registers_t r){ 154 | if(r.int_no >= 40){ 155 | outb(0xa0, 0x20); 156 | } 157 | outb(0x20, 0x20); 158 | if(interrupt_handlers[r.int_no] != 0){ 159 | isr_t handler = interrupt_handlers[r.int_no]; 160 | handler(r); 161 | } 162 | } -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /src/kernel/include/keyboard.h: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #pragma once 2 | 3 | #include"stdio.h" 4 | #include"isr.h" 5 | #include"system.h" 6 | #include"rtc.h" 7 | #include"fat12.h" 8 | #include 9 | //#include"vga.h" 10 | 11 | //lowercase key list. (trq) 12 | const char sc_table[] ={ 13 | 0x00, 0x00, '1', '2', 14 | '3', '4', '5', '6', 15 | '7', '8', '9', '0', 16 | '-', '=', 0x00, 0x00, 17 | 'q', 'w', 'e', 'r', 18 | 't', 'y', 'u', 'i', 19 | 'o', 'p', 'g', 'u', 20 | 0x00, 0x00, 'a', 's', 21 | 'd', 'f', 'g', 'h', 22 | 'j', 'k', 'l', 's', 23 | 'i', ',', 0x00, '\\', 24 | 'z', 'x', 'c', 'v', 25 | 'b', 'n', 'm', 'o', 26 | 'c', '.', 0x00, '*', 27 | 0x00, ' ' 28 | }; 29 | 30 | //shift key list. 31 | const char sc_tableC[] ={ 32 | 0x00, 0x00, '!', '@', 33 | '^', '+', '%', '&', 34 | '/', '(', ')', '=', 35 | '?', '_', 0x00, 0x00, 36 | 'Q', 'W', 'E', 'R', 37 | 'T', 'Y', 'U', 'I', 38 | 'O', 'P', '{', '}', 39 | 0x00, 0x00, 'A', 'S', 40 | 'D', 'F', 'G', 'H', 41 | 'J', 'K', 'L', ':', 42 | '"', '~', 0x00, '|', 43 | 'Z', 'X', 'C', 'V', 44 | 'B', 'N', 'M', '<', 45 | '>', '?', 0x00, '*', 46 | 0x00, ' ' 47 | }; 48 | 49 | int lshift = 0x00; 50 | int rshift = 0x00; 51 | 52 | void keyboard_handler(registers_t regs){ 53 | //gets the key pressed. 54 | uint8_t k = inb(0x60); 55 | uint8_t c = 0x00; 56 | //translate the keyboard code into a letter character. 57 | if(k < 0x3A) 58 | c = sc_table[k]; 59 | //if the pressed letter is a character. 60 | if(c != 0x00){ 61 | //check if the shift keys are pressed. 62 | switch(lshift | rshift){ 63 | case 0x01: //uppercase. 64 | buffer[_buf] = sc_tableC[k]; 65 | putc(sc_tableC[k]); 66 | _buf++; 67 | buffer[_buf] = 0x00; 68 | break; 69 | case 0x00: //lowercase. 70 | buffer[_buf] = c; 71 | putc(c); 72 | _buf++; 73 | buffer[_buf] = 0x00; 74 | break; 75 | } 76 | } else { 77 | //if the key pressed has zero as a value check the code. 78 | switch(k){ 79 | case 0x0E: //clear back key. 80 | if(_buf!=0x00) { 81 | _buf--; 82 | buffer[_buf] = 0x00; 83 | putcback(); 84 | } 85 | break; 86 | 87 | case 0x2A: //left shift key pressed. 88 | lshift = 0x01; 89 | break; 90 | 91 | case 0xAA: //left shift key released. 92 | lshift = 0x00; 93 | rshift = 0x00; 94 | break; 95 | 96 | case 0x36: //right shift key pressed. 97 | rshift = 0x01; 98 | break; 99 | 100 | case 0xb6: //right shift key released. 101 | lshift = 0x00; 102 | rshift = 0x00; 103 | break; 104 | 105 | case 0x3A: //caps lock pressed. 106 | if(lshift == 0x00){ 107 | lshift = 0x01; 108 | } 109 | else { 110 | lshift = 0x00; 111 | } 112 | break; 113 | 114 | case 0x1C: //enter pressed. 115 | printf("\n"); 116 | if(compare_strings_ws("help", buffer) == true){ 117 | printf("help - prints a list of available commands.\n"); 118 | printf("dir - prints the contents of the root directory.\n"); 119 | printf("time - prints the current time.\n"); 120 | } else if(compare_strings_ws("dir", buffer) == true) { 121 | file_entry* file; 122 | char* mem = (char*)0x30000; 123 | while ((char*)mem < (char*)0x50000) { 124 | file = (file_entry*)mem; 125 | if(file->size == 0) 126 | break; 127 | printf("%s %d bytes\n", mem, file->size); 128 | mem += 32; 129 | } 130 | } else if(compare_strings_ws("time", buffer) == true) { 131 | printf("%d/%d/%d - %d:%d:%d\n", time.day_of_month, time.month, time.year, time.hour, time.minute, time.second); 132 | } else if(fread(buffer, 0x150000)){ 133 | void (*app)(void) = (void (*)())0x150000; 134 | app(); 135 | } else if(compare_strings_ws("echo", buffer) == true){ 136 | printf("echo\n"); 137 | } else if(compare_strings_ws("clear", buffer) == true){ 138 | //clear function 139 | int i=0; 140 | 141 | // empty text with white text. 142 | signed char blankCell = string_size(" "); 143 | 144 | for (i = 0; i < 25; i++){ 145 | for (int j = 0; j < 80; j++) { 146 | video_memory[2 * (80 * i + j)] = '\0'; 147 | video_memory[2 * (80 * i + j) + 1] = 0x0B; 148 | } 149 | } 150 | //initialize_keyboard(); 151 | //update_cursor_pos(0x00,0x00); 152 | }else if(compare_strings_ws("poweroff", buffer) == true){ 153 | outw(0xB004, 0x2000); 154 | outw(0x604, 0x2000); 155 | outw(0x4004, 0x3400); 156 | } else { 157 | printf("'%s' komutu bulunamadi\n",buffer); 158 | } 159 | clear_string(buffer); 160 | _buf = 0; 161 | printf(">_"); 162 | break; 163 | } 164 | } 165 | } 166 | 167 | //keyboard initialization function. 168 | void initialize_keyboard(){ 169 | //initialize the keyboard switch. 170 | register_interrupt_handler(IRQ1, &keyboard_handler); 171 | *buffer = 0; 172 | } -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /src/kernel/include/math.h: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #pragma once 2 | 3 | // declaration of constants. 4 | const double PI = 3.141592653589793; 5 | const double HALF_PI = 1.570796326794897; 6 | const double DOUBLE_PI = 6.283185307179586; 7 | const double SIN_CURVE_A = 0.0415896; 8 | const double SIN_CURVE_B = 0.00129810625032; 9 | 10 | //structure of a two-dimensional vector of integers. 11 | struct vec2i { 12 | int x, y; 13 | }; 14 | 15 | //structure of a three-dimensional vector of integers. 16 | struct vec3i { 17 | int x, y; 18 | }; 19 | 20 | //structure of a two-dimensional vector of rational numbers. 21 | struct vec2f { 22 | float x, y; 23 | }; 24 | 25 | //structure of a three-dimensional vector of rational numbers. 26 | struct vec3f { 27 | float x, y; 28 | }; 29 | 30 | //function to find the absolute value of an integer. 31 | //#define abs(x) (if(x<0) -x; x) 32 | int abs(int x) { 33 | if(x < 0) 34 | return -x; 35 | return x; 36 | } 37 | 38 | int sgn(int x) { //function to find the sign of an integer. 39 | if(x < 0) 40 | return -1; 41 | return 1; 42 | } 43 | 44 | float sqrt(float number) { //function to find the square root of a rational number. 45 | int start = 0, end = number; 46 | int mid; 47 | float ans; 48 | while (start <= end) { 49 | mid = (start + end) / 2; 50 | if (mid * mid == number) { 51 | ans = mid; 52 | break; 53 | } 54 | if (mid * mid < number) { 55 | ans=start; 56 | start = mid + 1; 57 | } 58 | else { 59 | end = mid - 1; 60 | } 61 | } 62 | float increment = 0.1; 63 | int i; 64 | for (i = 0; i < 5; i++) { 65 | while (ans * ans <= number) { 66 | ans += increment; 67 | } 68 | ans = ans - increment; 69 | increment = increment / 10; 70 | } 71 | return ans; 72 | } 73 | 74 | //function to compute the power of a given base with a given exponent. 75 | int pow(int base, int exponent) { 76 | int result = 1; 77 | for (;;) { 78 | if (exponent & 1) 79 | result *= base; 80 | exponent >>= 1; 81 | if (!exponent) 82 | break; 83 | base *= base; 84 | } 85 | return result; 86 | } 87 | 88 | //function for calculating the cos. 89 | double cos(double x) { 90 | if (x < 0) { 91 | int q = -x / DOUBLE_PI; 92 | q += 1; 93 | double y = q * DOUBLE_PI; 94 | x = -(x - y); 95 | } 96 | if (x >= DOUBLE_PI) { 97 | int q = x / DOUBLE_PI; 98 | double y = q * DOUBLE_PI; 99 | x = x - y; 100 | } 101 | int s = 1; 102 | if (x >= PI) { 103 | s = -1; 104 | x -= PI; 105 | } 106 | if (x > HALF_PI) { 107 | x = PI - x; 108 | s = -s; 109 | } 110 | double z = x * x; 111 | double r = z * (z * (SIN_CURVE_A - SIN_CURVE_B * z) - 0.5) + 1.0; 112 | if (r > 1.0) r = r - 2.0; 113 | if (s > 0) return r; 114 | else return -r; 115 | } 116 | 117 | //sin calculation function. 118 | double sin(double x) { 119 | return cos(x - HALF_PI); 120 | } -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /src/kernel/include/memory.h: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #pragma once 2 | 3 | //function to set a given part of memory to a destination with a value for a given length. 4 | void* memset(void *dest, int val, unsigned int len) { 5 | char* ptr = (char*)dest; 6 | while (len-- > 0) *ptr++ = val; 7 | return dest; 8 | } 9 | 10 | //function to copy a given part of memory from a source to a destination for a given length. 11 | void* memcpy(void *dest, const void *src, int n) { 12 | char* d = (char*)dest; 13 | char* s = (char*)src; 14 | while(n--) 15 | *(d++) = *(s++); 16 | return dest; 17 | } 18 | 19 | //function to copy a given part of memory from a source to a destination for a given length with the SSE. 20 | extern "C" int memcpy_sse(void* dst, void* src, unsigned int count); -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /src/kernel/include/mouse.h: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #pragma once 2 | 3 | #include"stdio.h" 4 | #include"system.h" 5 | #include"pic.h" 6 | #include"ports.h" 7 | 8 | char mouse_cycle = 0; 9 | signed char mouse_byte[3]; 10 | 11 | int mouse_x = 100; 12 | int mouse_y = 100; 13 | 14 | void mouse_wait(uint8_t a_type) { 15 | uint32_t _time_out=100000; 16 | if(a_type==0) { 17 | while(_time_out--) { 18 | if((inb(0x64) & 1)==1) 19 | { 20 | return; 21 | } 22 | } 23 | return; 24 | } 25 | else { 26 | while(_time_out--) { 27 | if((inb(0x64) & 2)==0) { 28 | return; 29 | } 30 | } 31 | return; 32 | } 33 | } 34 | 35 | void mouse_write(uint8_t a_write) { 36 | mouse_wait(1); 37 | outb(0x64, 0xD4); 38 | mouse_wait(1); 39 | outb(0x60, a_write); 40 | } 41 | 42 | uint8_t mouse_read() { 43 | mouse_wait(0); 44 | return inb(0x60); 45 | } 46 | 47 | void mouse_handler(registers_t regs) { 48 | switch(mouse_cycle) { 49 | case 0: 50 | mouse_byte[0]=inb(0x60); 51 | mouse_cycle++; 52 | break; 53 | case 1: 54 | mouse_byte[1]=inb(0x60); 55 | mouse_cycle++; 56 | break; 57 | case 2: 58 | mouse_byte[2]=inb(0x60); 59 | mouse_x += mouse_byte[1]; 60 | mouse_y -= mouse_byte[2]; 61 | mouse_cycle=0; 62 | break; 63 | } 64 | outb(0xA0, 0x20); 65 | } 66 | 67 | void initialize_mouse(){ 68 | uint8_t _status; 69 | mouse_wait(1); 70 | outb(0x64, 0xA8); 71 | mouse_wait(1); 72 | outb(0x64, 0x20); 73 | mouse_wait(0); 74 | _status=(inb(0x60) | 2); 75 | mouse_wait(1); 76 | outb(0x64, 0x60); 77 | mouse_wait(1); 78 | outb(0x60, _status); 79 | mouse_write(0xF6); 80 | mouse_read(); 81 | mouse_write(0xF4); 82 | mouse_read(); 83 | IRQ_clear_mask(12); 84 | register_interrupt_handler(IRQ12, &mouse_handler); 85 | } -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /src/kernel/include/pic.h: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #pragma once 2 | 3 | #include"ports.h" 4 | 5 | #define PIC1 0x20 /* IO base address for master PIC */ 6 | #define PIC2 0xA0 /* IO base address for slave PIC */ 7 | #define PIC1_COMMAND PIC1 8 | #define PIC1_DATA (PIC1+1) 9 | #define PIC2_COMMAND PIC2 10 | #define PIC2_DATA (PIC2+1) 11 | 12 | void IRQ_set_mask(unsigned char IRQline) { 13 | uint16_t port; 14 | uint8_t value; 15 | 16 | if(IRQline < 8) { 17 | port = PIC1_DATA; 18 | } else { 19 | port = PIC2_DATA; 20 | IRQline -= 8; 21 | } 22 | value = inb(port) | (1 << IRQline); 23 | outb(port, value); 24 | return; 25 | } 26 | 27 | void IRQ_clear_mask(unsigned char IRQline) { 28 | uint16_t port; 29 | uint8_t value; 30 | 31 | if(IRQline < 8) { 32 | port = PIC1_DATA; 33 | } else { 34 | port = PIC2_DATA; 35 | IRQline -= 8; 36 | } 37 | value = inb(port) & ~(1 << IRQline); 38 | outb(port, value); 39 | return; 40 | } -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /src/kernel/include/ports.h: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #pragma once 2 | 3 | #include 4 | 5 | //output function of an octet to an input and output port. 6 | static inline void outb(uint16_t port, uint8_t value) { 7 | asm("outb %0, %1" : : "a"(value), "Nd"(port)); 8 | return; 9 | } 10 | 11 | //input function of an octet to an input and output port. 12 | static inline uint8_t inb(uint16_t port) { 13 | uint8_t value; 14 | asm("inb %1, %0" : "=a"(value) : "Nd"(port)); 15 | return value; 16 | } 17 | 18 | //output function of two octets to one input and output port. 19 | static inline void outw(uint16_t port, uint16_t value) { 20 | asm("out %%ax, %%dx" : : "a"(value), "d"(port)); 21 | return; 22 | } 23 | 24 | //input function of two octets to an input and output port. 25 | static inline uint16_t inw(uint16_t port) { 26 | uint16_t value; 27 | asm("in %%dx, %%ax" : "=a"(value) : "d"(port)); 28 | return value; 29 | } 30 | 31 | //output function of four octets to one input and output port. 32 | static inline void outd(uint32_t port, uint32_t value) { 33 | asm("outl %%eax, %%dx" : : "a"(value), "d"(port)); 34 | } 35 | 36 | //input function of four octets to an input and output port. 37 | static inline uint32_t ind(uint32_t port) { 38 | uint32_t value; 39 | asm("inl %%dx, %%eax" : "=a"(value) : "d"(port)); 40 | return value; 41 | } -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /src/kernel/include/rtc.h: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #pragma once 2 | 3 | #include"ports.h" 4 | 5 | typedef struct { 6 | char second; 7 | char minute; 8 | char hour; 9 | char day_of_week; 10 | char day_of_month; 11 | char month; 12 | char year; 13 | } time_t; 14 | 15 | time_t time; 16 | bool bcd; 17 | 18 | //function to write to real time clock registers. 19 | char read_register(unsigned char reg) { 20 | outb(0x70, reg); 21 | return inb(0x71); 22 | } 23 | 24 | //function to read from real time clock registers. 25 | void write_register(unsigned char reg, unsigned char value) { 26 | outb(0x70, reg); 27 | outb(0x71, value); 28 | } 29 | 30 | char bcd2bin(unsigned char bcd) { 31 | return ((bcd >> 4) * 10) + (bcd & 0x0F); 32 | } 33 | 34 | void gettime(time_t *time) { 35 | memcpy_sse(time, &time, sizeof(time_t)); 36 | } 37 | 38 | //real time clock management function. 39 | void rtc_handler(registers_t regs) { 40 | if(read_register(0x0C) & 0x10){ 41 | if(bcd){ 42 | time.second = bcd2bin(read_register(0x00)); 43 | time.minute = bcd2bin(read_register(0x02)); 44 | time.hour = bcd2bin(read_register(0x04)); 45 | time.month = bcd2bin(read_register(0x08)); 46 | time.year = bcd2bin(read_register(0x09)); 47 | time.day_of_week = bcd2bin(read_register(0x06)); 48 | time.day_of_month = bcd2bin(read_register(0x07)); 49 | }else { 50 | time.second = read_register(0x00); 51 | time.minute = read_register(0x02); 52 | time.hour = read_register(0x04); 53 | time.month = read_register(0x08); 54 | time.year = read_register(0x09); 55 | time.day_of_week = read_register(0x06); 56 | time.day_of_month = read_register(0x07); 57 | } 58 | } 59 | } 60 | 61 | //real time clock initialization function. 62 | void initialize_rtc() { 63 | unsigned char status; 64 | status = read_register(0x0B); 65 | status |= 0x02; 66 | status |= 0x10; 67 | status &= ~0x20; 68 | status &= ~0x40; 69 | bcd = !(status & 0x04); 70 | write_register(0x0B, status); 71 | read_register(0x0C); 72 | register_interrupt_handler(IRQ8, &rtc_handler); 73 | } -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /src/kernel/include/sse.h: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #pragma once 2 | 3 | //function to enable the SSE https://wiki.osdev.org/SSE 4 | extern "C" void enable_sse(); -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /src/kernel/include/stdio.h: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #pragma once 2 | 3 | #include"string.h" 4 | #include"ports.h" 5 | #include 6 | #include 7 | 8 | uint16_t x_pos = 0x0000, y_pos = 0x0000; //cursor position. 9 | //text color. 10 | uint8_t color = 0x07; 11 | //color of test 12 | uint8_t bg_color = 0x00; 13 | 14 | //text mode memory address 0x03. 15 | uint32_t* video_memory = (uint32_t*)0x000B8000; 16 | 17 | //set the text color. 18 | void set_color(uint8_t new_color) { 19 | color = new_color; 20 | return; 21 | } 22 | 23 | //set the background color of the text. 24 | void set_bg_color(uint8_t new_color) { 25 | bg_color = new_color; 26 | return; 27 | } 28 | 29 | //scrolls text down one line. 30 | void scroll() { 31 | uint8_t attribute = (0x00 << 0x04) | (0x0F & 0x0F); 32 | uint16_t blank = 0x0020 | (attribute << 0x0008); 33 | if(y_pos >= 0x0019) { 34 | for(uint32_t i = 0x00000000 * 0x00000050; i < 0x00000018 * 0x00000050; i++) 35 | video_memory[i] = video_memory[i + 0x00000050]; 36 | for(uint32_t i = 0x00000018 * 0x00000050; i < 0x00000019 * 0x00000050; i++) 37 | video_memory[i] = blank; 38 | y_pos = 0x0018; 39 | } 40 | return; 41 | } 42 | 43 | //updates the position of the cursor on the screen. 44 | void update_cursor_pos(uint16_t x, uint16_t y) { 45 | uint16_t cursor_pos = y * 0x0050 + x; 46 | outb(0x03D4, 0x0F); 47 | outb(0x03D5, (uint8_t)(cursor_pos & 0xFF)); 48 | outb(0x03D4, 0x0E); 49 | outb(0x03D5, (uint8_t)((cursor_pos >> 0x08) & 0xFF)); 50 | return; 51 | } 52 | 53 | //writes a character on the screen by advancing the cursor position. 54 | void putc(unsigned char c){ 55 | uint16_t attrib = (0 << 4) | (color & 0x0F); 56 | volatile uint16_t* where; 57 | where = (volatile uint16_t *)0xB8000 + (y_pos * 80 + x_pos); 58 | *where = c | (attrib << 8); 59 | if(++x_pos >= 80){ 60 | x_pos = 0; 61 | y_pos++; 62 | } 63 | update_cursor_pos(x_pos, y_pos); 64 | if(y_pos >= 25) { 65 | x_pos = 0; 66 | scroll(); 67 | } 68 | return; 69 | } 70 | 71 | //removes a character on the screen by moving the cursor back. 72 | void putcback(){ 73 | uint16_t attrib = (0 << 4) | (color & 0x0F); 74 | volatile uint16_t * where; 75 | x_pos--; 76 | if(x_pos < 0) { 77 | x_pos = 79; 78 | y_pos--; 79 | } 80 | where = (volatile uint16_t *)0xB8000 + (y_pos * 80 + x_pos); 81 | *where = ' ' | (attrib << 8); 82 | update_cursor_pos(x_pos, y_pos); 83 | if(y_pos >= 25) { 84 | x_pos = 0; 85 | scroll(); 86 | } 87 | } 88 | 89 | //writes a string to the screen by advancing the cursor position. 90 | void puts(char* string){ 91 | uint16_t i; 92 | while(*string){ 93 | switch(*string){ 94 | case 0x0A: 95 | x_pos = 0x0000; 96 | y_pos++; 97 | *string++; 98 | scroll(); 99 | break; 100 | case 0x09: 101 | for(i = 0x0000; i <= 0x0008; i++) { 102 | putc(' '); 103 | } 104 | *string++; 105 | break; 106 | default: 107 | putc(*string); 108 | *string++; 109 | break; 110 | } 111 | } 112 | update_cursor_pos(x_pos, y_pos); 113 | return; 114 | } 115 | 116 | //writes a rich string to the screen by advancing the cursor position. 117 | void printf(char* format, ...) { 118 | va_list ap; 119 | va_start(ap, format); 120 | char* pointer; 121 | for (pointer = format; *pointer != 0x00; pointer++) { 122 | if (*pointer == '%') { 123 | ++pointer; 124 | switch (*pointer) { 125 | case 0x63: 126 | putc(va_arg(ap, int)); 127 | break; 128 | case 0x73: 129 | puts(va_arg(ap, char*)); 130 | break; 131 | case 0x64: 132 | puts(int_to_string(va_arg(ap, int), 10)); 133 | break; 134 | case 0x78: 135 | puts(int_to_string(va_arg(ap, uint32_t), 16)); 136 | break; 137 | } 138 | } else { 139 | char t[2] = {*pointer, 0}; 140 | puts(t); 141 | } 142 | } 143 | return; 144 | } -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /src/kernel/include/string.h: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #pragma once 2 | 3 | #include 4 | #include 5 | 6 | //converts a number to a string. 7 | char* int_to_string(unsigned int num, int base) { 8 | static char repr[]= "0123456789ABCDEF"; 9 | static char buffer[50]; 10 | char *ptr; 11 | 12 | ptr = &buffer[49]; 13 | *ptr = '\0'; 14 | 15 | do { 16 | *--ptr = repr[num%base]; 17 | num /= base; 18 | }while(num != 0); 19 | 20 | return(ptr); 21 | } 22 | 23 | //compare two strings. 24 | bool compare_strings(const char* string1, const char* string2) { 25 | while(*string1!=0) { 26 | if(*string1 != *string2) 27 | return false; 28 | string1++; 29 | string2++; 30 | } 31 | return true; 32 | } 33 | 34 | //compares two strings and returns false if they are different. 35 | bool compare_strings_ws(const char* string1, const char* string2) { 36 | while(1) { 37 | if(*string1==0 && *string2!=0) 38 | return false; 39 | if(*string1==0) 40 | return true; 41 | if(*string1 != *string2) 42 | return false; 43 | string1++; 44 | string2++; 45 | } 46 | return true; 47 | } 48 | 49 | void clear_string(char* string) { //empties a string. 50 | while(*string != 0) { 51 | *string = 0; 52 | string++; 53 | } 54 | return; 55 | } 56 | /* 57 | void restore_memory(long unsigned int* a){ 58 | while(a != 0x00){ 59 | a == 0x00; 60 | } 61 | return; 62 | } 63 | */ 64 | int string_size(char* string) { //returns the length of a string. 65 | int counter = 0; 66 | while(*string != 0) { 67 | string++; 68 | counter++; 69 | } 70 | return counter; 71 | } -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /src/kernel/include/system.h: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #pragma once 2 | 3 | //klavye girişi için bellek. 4 | char* buffer; 5 | int _buf = 0; 6 | 7 | //anahtarları devre dışı bırakma işlevi. 8 | extern "C" void disable_ints(); 9 | 10 | //anahtarları etkinleştirme işlevi. 11 | extern "C" void enable_ints(); -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /src/kernel/include/timer.h: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #pragma once 2 | 3 | #include"stdio.h" 4 | #include"isr.h" 5 | #include"ports.h" 6 | 7 | //moments past. 8 | uint32_t tick = 0; 9 | 10 | //function to obtain a random number given the maximum value. 11 | int random(int numLimit) { 12 | static int randSeed, needsInit = 1; 13 | if (needsInit) { 14 | randSeed = tick; 15 | needsInit = 0; 16 | } 17 | randSeed = (randSeed * 32719 + 3) % 32749; 18 | return (randSeed % numLimit) + 1; 19 | } 20 | 21 | //clock management function. 22 | static void timer_callback(registers_t regs) { 23 | tick++; 24 | } 25 | 26 | //clock initialization function. 27 | void initialize_timer(uint32_t frequency) { 28 | register_interrupt_handler(IRQ0, &timer_callback); 29 | uint32_t divisor = 1193180 / frequency; 30 | outb(0x43, 0x36); 31 | uint8_t l = (uint8_t)(divisor & 0xFF); 32 | uint8_t h = (uint8_t)((divisor>>8) & 0xff); 33 | outb(0x40, l); 34 | outb(0x40, h); 35 | return; 36 | } -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /src/kernel/include/vga.h: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #include"stdio.h" 2 | #define VIDEO_MEMORY_ADDRESS 0xb8000; 3 | #define WIDTH 80 4 | #define HEIGHT 25 5 | 6 | 7 | static short xx=0; 8 | static short yy=0; 9 | 10 | unsigned int strlen(char *str){ 11 | unsigned int len=0; 12 | while(str[len]){ 13 | len++; 14 | } 15 | return len; 16 | } 17 | 18 | void vga_init(){ 19 | short *buffer=(short *)VIDEO_MEMORY_ADDRESS; 20 | for(short i=0;i<=80*25*2;i++){ 21 | buffer[i]=0x4020; 22 | } 23 | } 24 | void term_put(char *str){ 25 | short *buffer=(short *)VIDEO_MEMORY_ADDRESS; 26 | for(char i=0;i<=strlen(str);i++){ 27 | if(str[i]=='\n'|| xx==WIDTH){ 28 | yy++; 29 | xx=0; 30 | }else{ 31 | if(str[i]!='\0'){ 32 | buffer[yy*WIDTH+xx]=str[i]|0x40<<8; 33 | } 34 | xx++; 35 | } 36 | } 37 | } 38 | /* 39 | void clearKOD(){ 40 | int i=0; 41 | 42 | // empty text with white text. 43 | signed int blankCell = string_size(" "); 44 | 45 | for (i = 0; i < HEIGHT; i++){ 46 | for (int j = 0; j < WIDTH; j++) { 47 | video_memory[2 * (WIDTH * i + j)] = '\0'; 48 | video_memory[2 * (WIDTH * i + j) + 1] = 0x0B; 49 | } 50 | } 51 | } 52 | */ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /src/kernel/kernel.asm: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | [BITS 32] 2 | ;kernel.cpp yukle 3 | [EXTERN main] 4 | ;main fonction 5 | call main 6 | ;creates an infinite loop by jumping to the current memory address. 7 | jmp $ 8 | 9 | [GLOBAL memcpy_sse] 10 | memcpy_sse: 11 | push ebp 12 | mov ebp, esp 13 | push esi 14 | push edi 15 | pushf 16 | cld 17 | mov edi, [ebp + 8] 18 | mov esi, [ebp + 12] 19 | mov eax, [ebp + 16] 20 | mov ecx, eax 21 | shr ecx, 6 22 | jz .endloop64 23 | .loop64: 24 | prefetchnta [esi + 64] 25 | prefetchnta [esi + 96] 26 | movq mm1, [esi + 0] 27 | movq mm2, [esi + 8] 28 | movq mm3, [esi + 16] 29 | movq mm4, [esi + 24] 30 | movq mm5, [esi + 32] 31 | movq mm6, [esi + 40] 32 | movq mm7, [esi + 48] 33 | movq mm0, [esi + 56] 34 | movntq [edi + 0], mm1 35 | movntq [edi + 8], mm2 36 | movntq [edi + 16], mm3 37 | movntq [edi + 24], mm4 38 | movntq [edi + 32], mm5 39 | movntq [edi + 40], mm6 40 | movntq [edi + 48], mm7 41 | movntq [edi + 56], mm0 42 | add esi, 64 43 | add edi, 64 44 | loop .loop64 45 | emms 46 | .endloop64: 47 | mov ecx, eax 48 | and ecx, 0x3F 49 | shr ecx, 3 50 | jz .endloop8 51 | .loop8: 52 | movq mm1, [esi] 53 | movq [edi], mm1 54 | add esi, 8 55 | add edi, 8 56 | loop .loop8 57 | emms 58 | .endloop8: 59 | mov ecx, eax 60 | and ecx, 7 61 | repe movsb 62 | .done: 63 | popf 64 | pop edi 65 | pop esi 66 | mov esp, ebp 67 | pop ebp 68 | ret 69 | 70 | [GLOBAL enable_sse] 71 | enable_sse: 72 | mov eax, cr0 73 | and ax, 0xFFFB 74 | or ax, 0x2 75 | mov cr0, eax 76 | mov eax, cr4 77 | or ax, 3 << 9 78 | mov cr4, eax 79 | ret 80 | 81 | [GLOBAL gdt_flush] 82 | gdt_flush: 83 | mov eax, [esp+4] 84 | lgdt [eax] 85 | mov eax, 0x10 86 | mov ds, ax 87 | mov es, ax 88 | mov fs, ax 89 | mov gs, ax 90 | mov ss, ax 91 | jmp 0x08:.flush 92 | .flush: 93 | ret 94 | 95 | [GLOBAL idt_flush] 96 | idt_flush: 97 | mov eax, [esp+4] 98 | lidt [eax] 99 | sti 100 | ret 101 | 102 | %MACRO ISR_NOERRCODE 1 103 | [GLOBAL isr%1] 104 | isr%1: 105 | cli 106 | push byte 0 107 | push byte %1 108 | jmp isr_common_stub 109 | %ENDMACRO 110 | 111 | %MACRO ISR_ERRCODE 1 112 | [GLOBAL isr%1] 113 | isr%1: 114 | cli 115 | push byte %1 116 | jmp isr_common_stub 117 | %ENDMACRO 118 | 119 | %MACRO IRQ 2 120 | [GLOBAL irq%1] 121 | irq%1: 122 | cli 123 | push byte 0 124 | push byte %2 125 | jmp irq_common_stub 126 | %ENDMACRO 127 | 128 | ISR_NOERRCODE 0 129 | ISR_NOERRCODE 1 130 | ISR_NOERRCODE 2 131 | ISR_NOERRCODE 3 132 | ISR_NOERRCODE 4 133 | ISR_NOERRCODE 5 134 | ISR_NOERRCODE 6 135 | ISR_NOERRCODE 7 136 | ISR_ERRCODE 8 137 | ISR_NOERRCODE 9 138 | ISR_ERRCODE 10 139 | ISR_ERRCODE 11 140 | ISR_ERRCODE 12 141 | ISR_ERRCODE 13 142 | ISR_ERRCODE 14 143 | ISR_NOERRCODE 15 144 | ISR_NOERRCODE 16 145 | ISR_NOERRCODE 17 146 | ISR_NOERRCODE 18 147 | ISR_NOERRCODE 19 148 | ISR_NOERRCODE 20 149 | ISR_NOERRCODE 21 150 | ISR_NOERRCODE 22 151 | ISR_NOERRCODE 23 152 | ISR_NOERRCODE 24 153 | ISR_NOERRCODE 25 154 | ISR_NOERRCODE 26 155 | ISR_NOERRCODE 27 156 | ISR_NOERRCODE 28 157 | ISR_NOERRCODE 29 158 | ISR_NOERRCODE 30 159 | ISR_NOERRCODE 31 160 | 161 | IRQ 0, 32 162 | IRQ 1, 33 163 | IRQ 2, 34 164 | IRQ 3, 35 165 | IRQ 4, 36 166 | IRQ 5, 37 167 | IRQ 6, 38 168 | IRQ 7, 39 169 | IRQ 8, 40 170 | IRQ 9, 41 171 | IRQ 10, 42 172 | IRQ 11, 43 173 | IRQ 12, 44 174 | IRQ 13, 45 175 | IRQ 14, 46 176 | IRQ 15, 47 177 | 178 | [EXTERN isr_handler] 179 | 180 | isr_common_stub: 181 | pusha 182 | mov ax, ds 183 | push eax 184 | mov ax, 0x10 185 | mov ds, ax 186 | mov es, ax 187 | mov fs, ax 188 | mov gs, ax 189 | call isr_handler 190 | pop eax 191 | mov ds, ax 192 | mov es, ax 193 | mov fs, ax 194 | mov gs, ax 195 | popa 196 | add esp, 8 197 | sti 198 | iret 199 | 200 | [EXTERN irq_handler] 201 | irq_common_stub: 202 | pusha 203 | mov ax, ds 204 | push eax 205 | mov ax, 0x10 206 | mov ds, ax 207 | mov es, ax 208 | mov fs, ax 209 | mov gs, ax 210 | call irq_handler 211 | pop ebx 212 | mov ds, bx 213 | mov es, bx 214 | mov fs, bx 215 | mov gs, bx 216 | popa 217 | add esp, 8 218 | sti 219 | iret 220 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /src/kernel/kernel.cpp: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #include"include/initialize.h" 2 | #include"include/stdio.h" 3 | #include"include/ata.h" 4 | #include"include/fs.h" 5 | #include"include/fat12.h" 6 | #include"include/memory.h" 7 | #include"include/dt.h" 8 | #include"include/isr.h" 9 | #include"include/vga.h" 10 | #include"include/keyboard.h" 11 | #include"include/mouse.h" 12 | #include"include/timer.h" 13 | #include"include/rtc.h" 14 | #include"include/math.h" 15 | #include"include/pic.h" 16 | 17 | #define GUI_MODE 0 18 | 19 | //main function 20 | extern "C" int main() { 21 | printf("vimixOS\n"); 22 | //initalize system resources 23 | initialize(); 24 | vga_init(); 25 | printf(">_"); 26 | return 0; 27 | } -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /src/kernel/modules.asm: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | [BITS 32] 2 | ;import the main function from kernel.cpp. 3 | [EXTERN modules] 4 | ;call the function main. 5 | call modules 6 | ;creates an infinite loop by jumping to the current memory address. 7 | jmp $ 8 | 9 | [GLOBAL memcpy_sse] 10 | memcpy_sse: 11 | push ebp 12 | mov ebp, esp 13 | push esi 14 | push edi 15 | pushf 16 | cld 17 | mov edi, [ebp + 8] 18 | mov esi, [ebp + 12] 19 | mov eax, [ebp + 16] 20 | mov ecx, eax 21 | shr ecx, 6 22 | jz .endloop64 23 | .loop64: 24 | prefetchnta [esi + 64] 25 | prefetchnta [esi + 96] 26 | movq mm1, [esi + 0] 27 | movq mm2, [esi + 8] 28 | movq mm3, [esi + 16] 29 | movq mm4, [esi + 24] 30 | movq mm5, [esi + 32] 31 | movq mm6, [esi + 40] 32 | movq mm7, [esi + 48] 33 | movq mm0, [esi + 56] 34 | movntq [edi + 0], mm1 35 | movntq [edi + 8], mm2 36 | movntq [edi + 16], mm3 37 | movntq [edi + 24], mm4 38 | movntq [edi + 32], mm5 39 | movntq [edi + 40], mm6 40 | movntq [edi + 48], mm7 41 | movntq [edi + 56], mm0 42 | add esi, 64 43 | add edi, 64 44 | loop .loop64 45 | emms 46 | .endloop64: 47 | mov ecx, eax 48 | and ecx, 0x3F 49 | shr ecx, 3 50 | jz .endloop8 51 | .loop8: 52 | movq mm1, [esi] 53 | movq [edi], mm1 54 | add esi, 8 55 | add edi, 8 56 | loop .loop8 57 | emms 58 | .endloop8: 59 | mov ecx, eax 60 | and ecx, 7 61 | repe movsb 62 | .done: 63 | popf 64 | pop edi 65 | pop esi 66 | mov esp, ebp 67 | pop ebp 68 | ret 69 | 70 | [GLOBAL enable_sse] 71 | enable_sse: 72 | mov eax, cr0 73 | and ax, 0xFFFB 74 | or ax, 0x2 75 | mov cr0, eax 76 | mov eax, cr4 77 | or ax, 3 << 9 78 | mov cr4, eax 79 | ret 80 | 81 | [GLOBAL gdt_flush] 82 | gdt_flush: 83 | mov eax, [esp+4] 84 | lgdt [eax] 85 | mov eax, 0x10 86 | mov ds, ax 87 | mov es, ax 88 | mov fs, ax 89 | mov gs, ax 90 | mov ss, ax 91 | jmp 0x08:.flush 92 | .flush: 93 | ret 94 | 95 | [GLOBAL idt_flush] 96 | idt_flush: 97 | mov eax, [esp+4] 98 | lidt [eax] 99 | sti 100 | ret 101 | 102 | %MACRO ISR_NOERRCODE 1 103 | [GLOBAL isr%1] 104 | isr%1: 105 | cli 106 | push byte 0 107 | push byte %1 108 | jmp isr_common_stub 109 | %ENDMACRO 110 | 111 | %MACRO ISR_ERRCODE 1 112 | [GLOBAL isr%1] 113 | isr%1: 114 | cli 115 | push byte %1 116 | jmp isr_common_stub 117 | %ENDMACRO 118 | 119 | %MACRO IRQ 2 120 | [GLOBAL irq%1] 121 | irq%1: 122 | cli 123 | push byte 0 124 | push byte %2 125 | jmp irq_common_stub 126 | %ENDMACRO 127 | 128 | ISR_NOERRCODE 0 129 | ISR_NOERRCODE 1 130 | ISR_NOERRCODE 2 131 | ISR_NOERRCODE 3 132 | ISR_NOERRCODE 4 133 | ISR_NOERRCODE 5 134 | ISR_NOERRCODE 6 135 | ISR_NOERRCODE 7 136 | ISR_ERRCODE 8 137 | ISR_NOERRCODE 9 138 | ISR_ERRCODE 10 139 | ISR_ERRCODE 11 140 | ISR_ERRCODE 12 141 | ISR_ERRCODE 13 142 | ISR_ERRCODE 14 143 | ISR_NOERRCODE 15 144 | ISR_NOERRCODE 16 145 | ISR_NOERRCODE 17 146 | ISR_NOERRCODE 18 147 | ISR_NOERRCODE 19 148 | ISR_NOERRCODE 20 149 | ISR_NOERRCODE 21 150 | ISR_NOERRCODE 22 151 | ISR_NOERRCODE 23 152 | ISR_NOERRCODE 24 153 | ISR_NOERRCODE 25 154 | ISR_NOERRCODE 26 155 | ISR_NOERRCODE 27 156 | ISR_NOERRCODE 28 157 | ISR_NOERRCODE 29 158 | ISR_NOERRCODE 30 159 | ISR_NOERRCODE 31 160 | 161 | IRQ 0, 32 162 | IRQ 1, 33 163 | IRQ 2, 34 164 | IRQ 3, 35 165 | IRQ 4, 36 166 | IRQ 5, 37 167 | IRQ 6, 38 168 | IRQ 7, 39 169 | IRQ 8, 40 170 | IRQ 9, 41 171 | IRQ 10, 42 172 | IRQ 11, 43 173 | IRQ 12, 44 174 | IRQ 13, 45 175 | IRQ 14, 46 176 | IRQ 15, 47 177 | 178 | [EXTERN isr_handler] 179 | 180 | isr_common_stub: 181 | pusha 182 | mov ax, ds 183 | push eax 184 | mov ax, 0x10 185 | mov ds, ax 186 | mov es, ax 187 | mov fs, ax 188 | mov gs, ax 189 | call isr_handler 190 | pop eax 191 | mov ds, ax 192 | mov es, ax 193 | mov fs, ax 194 | mov gs, ax 195 | popa 196 | add esp, 8 197 | sti 198 | iret 199 | 200 | [EXTERN irq_handler] 201 | irq_common_stub: 202 | pusha 203 | mov ax, ds 204 | push eax 205 | mov ax, 0x10 206 | mov ds, ax 207 | mov es, ax 208 | mov fs, ax 209 | mov gs, ax 210 | call irq_handler 211 | pop ebx 212 | mov ds, bx 213 | mov es, bx 214 | mov fs, bx 215 | mov gs, bx 216 | popa 217 | add esp, 8 218 | sti 219 | iret -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /src/kernel/modules.cpp: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #include"include/initialize.h" 2 | #include"include/stdio.h" 3 | #include"include/ata.h" 4 | #include"include/fs.h" 5 | #include"include/fat12.h" 6 | #include"include/memory.h" 7 | #include"include/dt.h" 8 | #include"include/isr.h" 9 | #include"include/keyboard.h" 10 | #include"include/mouse.h" 11 | #include"include/timer.h" 12 | #include"include/rtc.h" 13 | #include"include/math.h" 14 | #include"include/pic.h" 15 | #include"include/vga.h" 16 | 17 | extern "C" void modules(){ 18 | initialize(); 19 | } -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /src/shell/shell.c: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #include"shell.h" 2 | 3 | int shell(){ 4 | while(true){ 5 | 6 | } 7 | return 0; 8 | } -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /tools/toolchain: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | 3 | BINUTILS_VERSION="${BINUTILS_VERSION:-2.37}" 4 | GCC_VERSION="${GCC_VERSION:-11.2.0}" 5 | 6 | BINUTILS_URL="https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/binutils/binutils-${BINUTILS_VERSION}.tar.xz" 7 | GCC_URL="https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gcc/gcc-${GCC_VERSION}/gcc-${GCC_VERSION}.tar.xz" 8 | 9 | TARGET=i386-elf 10 | 11 | # --------------------------- 12 | 13 | set -e 14 | 15 | TOOLCHAINS_DIR=$PWD/tools # burayı değiştirebilirsiniz 16 | OPERATION='build' 17 | 18 | while test $# -gt 0 19 | do 20 | case "$1" in 21 | -c) OPERATION='clean' 22 | ;; 23 | *) TOOLCHAINS_DIR="$1" 24 | ;; 25 | esac 26 | shift 27 | done 28 | 29 | if [ -z "$TOOLCHAINS_DIR" ]; then 30 | echo "Missing arg: toolchains directory" 31 | exit 1 32 | fi 33 | 34 | pushd "$TOOLCHAINS_DIR" 35 | TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX="$TOOLCHAINS_DIR/$TARGET" 36 | 37 | if [ "$OPERATION" = "build" ]; then 38 | 39 | # Download and build binutils 40 | BINUTILS_SRC="binutils-${BINUTILS_VERSION}" 41 | BINUTILS_BUILD="binutils-build-${BINUTILS_VERSION}" 42 | 43 | wget ${BINUTILS_URL} 44 | tar -xf binutils-${BINUTILS_VERSION}.tar.xz 45 | 46 | mkdir -p ${BINUTILS_BUILD} 47 | pushd ${BINUTILS_BUILD} 48 | ../binutils-${BINUTILS_VERSION}/configure \ 49 | --prefix="${TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX}" \ 50 | --target=${TARGET} \ 51 | --with-sysroot \ 52 | --disable-nls \ 53 | --disable-werror 54 | make -j$(nproc) # j sizin threads sayınızdır `nproc` ile bulabilirsiniz 55 | make install 56 | popd 57 | 58 | # Download and build GCC 59 | GCC_SRC="gcc-${GCC_VERSION}" 60 | GCC_BUILD="gcc-build-${GCC_VERSION}" 61 | 62 | wget ${GCC_URL} 63 | tar -xf gcc-${GCC_VERSION}.tar.xz 64 | mkdir -p ${GCC_BUILD} 65 | pushd ${GCC_BUILD} 66 | ../gcc-${GCC_VERSION}/configure \ 67 | --prefix="${TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX}" \ 68 | --target=${TARGET} \ 69 | --disable-nls \ 70 | --enable-languages=c,c++ \ 71 | --without-headers 72 | make -j$(nproc) all-gcc all-target-libgcc 73 | make install-gcc install-target-libgcc 74 | popd 75 | rm *.tar.xz 76 | rm ./toolchain 77 | 78 | elif [ "$OPERATION" = "clean" ]; then 79 | rm -rf * 80 | fi 81 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------