├── test_sets.zip ├── requirements.txt ├── README.md ├── compute_metrics.py ├── LICENSE └── few_shot_prompting.py /test_sets.zip: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Cohere-Labs-Community/language-confusion/HEAD/test_sets.zip -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /requirements.txt: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | fasttext==0.9.3 2 | jieba==0.42.1 3 | fugashi==1.3.2 4 | unidic==1.1.0 5 | numpy==1.26.4 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # Language Confusion Benchmark 2 | 3 | The Language Confusion Benchmark (LCB) evaluates to what extent LLMs are unable to consistently generate text in the user's desired language, i.e., their "language confusion". 4 | The benchmark consists of English and multilingual prompts from existing and newly created sources covering 15 typologically diverse languages. Evaluation is in two settings: 5 | 6 | - **Monolingual generation**: A user queries a model in language $l$ and expects a response in language $l$. 7 | - **Cross-lingual generation**: A user instructs a model in language $l$ to fulfill a request in another language $l'$. 8 | 9 | We provide further information about the data, model completions, metrics, and how to use the benchmark below. 10 | 11 | ## Data 12 | 13 | The benchmark data is available in `test_sets` in separate `csv` files for each dataset and language. Each file contains a `prompt` column with additional metadata. We provide an overview of the datasets and languages per dataset below: 14 | 15 | | Task | Dataset name | Reference | Nature of data | $\|L\|$ | $\|D\|$ | Languages | $W$ | 16 | |---------------|-----------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------|:-------:|:-------:|------------------------------------------------|:---:| 17 | | Monolingual | Aya | [Singh et al. (2024)](https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.06619) | Human-generated | 100 | 500 | en, tr, ar, zh, pt | 9 | 18 | | Monolingual | Dolly | [Singh et al. (2024)](https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.06619) | MT post-edited | 100 | 500 | hi, ru, fr, ar, es | 10 | 19 | | Monolingual | Okapi | [Lai et al. (2023)](https://aclanthology.org/2023.emnlp-demo.28/) | Synthetic + MT | 100 | 1.2k | en, fr, it, de, zh, vi, ru, es, id, pt, ar, hi | 13 | 20 | | Monolingual | Native prompts | Ours | Human-generated | 100 | 400 | es, fr, ja, ko | 19 | 21 | | Cross-lingual | Okapi | [Lai et al. (2023)](https://aclanthology.org/2023.emnlp-demo.28/) | Synthetic | 100 | 1.5k | $\mathcal{L}$ | 15 | 22 | | Cross-lingual | ShareGPT | [https://sharegpt.com/](https://sharegpt.com/) | Human-generated | 100 | 1.5k | $\mathcal{L}$ | 18 | 23 | | Cross-lingual | Complex prompts | Ours | Human-generated | 99 | 1.5k | $\mathcal{L}$ | 159 | 24 | 25 | $|D|$ is the total number of examples per dataset, $|L|$ is the number of examples per language, and $W$ is the median length in words of the prompts in each dataset. For the cross-lingual setting, the model is instructed in English to generate in the target language $l \in \mathcal{L}$ where $\mathcal{L} = \{\text{fr, de, es, pt, it, ja, ko, zh, ar, tr, hi, ru, id, vi} \}$. 26 | 27 | ## Model Completions 28 | 29 | We provide model completions in `outputs`. Outputs are stored in a single `csv` file per model with `model`, `completion`, `task`, `source`, and `language` columns. Completions are available for the following models: 30 | 31 | - [Command R](https://huggingface.co/CohereForAI/c4ai-command-r-v01) (35B parameters) 32 | - [Command R+](https://huggingface.co/CohereForAI/c4ai-command-r-plus) (104B parameters) 33 | 34 | We generated at most 100 tokens per prompt using nucleus sampling with $p=0.75$ and $T=0.3$. 35 | 36 | ## Metrics 37 | 38 | We use the following metrics for evaluation: 39 | 40 | - **Line-level pass rate (LPR)**: percentage of model responses that pass our line-level language confusion detector without error. A response is "correct" if all lines match the user's desired language. 41 | - **Word-level pass rate (WPR)**: percentage of model responses where all words are in the desired language (excluding responses with line-level errors). We only identify erroneous English words in non-Latin script languages. 42 | 43 | We use fastText as line-level language ID detector and the English word list in `words` to detect word-level language confusion. 44 | 45 | ## Using the Benchmark 46 | 47 | You can obtain completions using your preferred LLM API or use the completions we provide in `outputs`. 48 | 49 | We provide a script to calculate LPR and WPR metrics based on output files: 50 | 51 | ```bash 52 | git clone https://github.com/for-ai/language-confusion.git 53 | cd language-confusion 54 | python -m venv env 55 | source env/bin/activate 56 | pip install -r requirements.txt 57 | 58 | # View the test sets 59 | unzip test_sets.zip 60 | 61 | # Compute and print LPR and WPR for Command R+ 62 | python compute_metrics.py outputs/command-r-plus.csv 63 | ``` 64 | 65 | ## Citation 66 | 67 | If you are using the data or scripts in this repo, please cite: 68 | ``` 69 | @misc{marchisio2024understanding, 70 | Author = {Kelly Marchisio and Wei-Yin Ko and Alexandre Bérard and Théo Dehaze and Sebastian Ruder}, 71 | Title = {Understanding and Mitigating Language Confusion in LLMs}, 72 | Year = {2024}, 73 | Eprint = {arXiv}, 74 | } 75 | ``` 76 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /compute_metrics.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env python3 2 | import argparse 3 | import string 4 | import fasttext 5 | import urllib.request 6 | import os 7 | import functools 8 | import itertools 9 | import csv 10 | import collections 11 | from typing import Iterable 12 | 13 | lid_url = 'https://dl.fbaipublicfiles.com/fasttext/supervised-models/lid.176.bin' 14 | dict_path = 'words' # downloaded from https://gist.githubusercontent.com/wchargin/8927565/raw/d9783627c731268fb2935a731a618aa8e95cf465/words 15 | lid_path = 'lid.176.bin' 16 | ja_tokenizer = None 17 | zh_tokenizer = None 18 | 19 | en_words = [line.strip() for line in open(dict_path)] 20 | en_words = {word for word in en_words if word.islower() and len(word) > 3} 21 | 22 | if not os.path.exists(lid_path): 23 | urllib.request.urlretrieve(lid_url, lid_path) 24 | lid_model = fasttext.load_model(lid_path) 25 | 26 | 27 | def normalize(text: str) -> str: 28 | text = text.split('\nQ:')[0].strip() 29 | text = text.translate(str.maketrans("", "", string.punctuation)) 30 | text = text.replace("—", " ") 31 | text = text.replace("،", "") 32 | return text 33 | 34 | 35 | @functools.lru_cache(maxsize=2**20) 36 | def tokenize(line: str, lang: str) -> list[str]: 37 | global ja_tokenizer, zh_tokenizer 38 | 39 | if lang == 'zh': 40 | if zh_tokenizer is None: 41 | import jieba 42 | zh_tokenizer = jieba 43 | zh_tokenizer.initialize() 44 | 45 | return list(zh_tokenizer.cut(line)) 46 | 47 | elif lang == 'ja': 48 | if ja_tokenizer is None: 49 | from fugashi import Tagger 50 | try: 51 | ja_tokenizer = Tagger("-O wakati -b 50000") 52 | except RuntimeError: 53 | import unidic.download 54 | unidic.download.download_version() 55 | ja_tokenizer = Tagger("-O wakati -b 50000") 56 | 57 | return ja_tokenizer.parse(line).split() 58 | 59 | else: 60 | return line.split() 61 | 62 | 63 | def langid(line: str) -> str: 64 | (label,), score = lid_model.predict(line) 65 | return label.removeprefix('__label__') if score > 0.3 else 'unknown' 66 | 67 | 68 | def compute_metrics(completions: Iterable[str], lang: str) -> dict[str, float]: 69 | """ 70 | Compute Line Pass Rate (LPR) and Word Pass Rate (WPR) over the given completions, whose expected language is given. 71 | """ 72 | with_word_errors = 0 73 | with_line_errors = 0 74 | non_skipped = 0 75 | line_acc = [] 76 | 77 | for completion in completions: 78 | completion = normalize(completion) 79 | lines = completion.split("\n") 80 | line_tokens = [tokenize(line, lang) for line in lines] 81 | # remove lines that are too short 82 | indices = [i for i, tokens in enumerate(line_tokens) if len(tokens) >= 5] 83 | lines = [lines[i] for i in indices] 84 | line_tokens = [line_tokens[i] for i in indices] 85 | if lines: 86 | non_skipped += 1 87 | line_errors = sum(langid(line) != lang for line in lines) 88 | if line_errors > 0: 89 | with_line_errors += 1 90 | elif any(token.strip() in en_words for tokens in line_tokens for token in tokens): 91 | with_word_errors += 1 92 | line_acc.append(1 - line_errors / len(lines)) 93 | 94 | metrics = {} 95 | metrics['acc'] = sum(line_acc) / len(line_acc) if line_acc else 1.0 96 | metrics['lpr'] = 1 - with_line_errors / max(1, non_skipped) 97 | if lang in ('ar', 'hi', 'ja', 'ko', 'ru', 'zh'): # WPR is inaccurate for latin-script languages 98 | metrics['wpr'] = 1 - with_word_errors / max(1, non_skipped - with_line_errors) 99 | return metrics 100 | 101 | 102 | def compute_all_metrics(outputs: list[dict]) -> dict[str, dict[str, float]]: 103 | """ 104 | Takes the crosslingual or monolingual outputs from a model and returns all the WPR and LPR metrics 105 | (WPR and LPR per dataset and averages per language and per source). 106 | The provided outputs should be dictionaries with 'source', 'language' and 'completion' fields, for instance: 107 | 108 | ``` 109 | outputs = [ 110 | {'source': 'okapi', 'language': fr, 'completion': 'Je ne sais pas'}, 111 | {'source': 'okapi', 'language': fr, 'completion': 'What do you mean?'}, 112 | ] 113 | 114 | compute_all_metrics(outputs) 115 | { 116 | ('okapi', 'fr'): {'lpr': 0.5}, # scores for French Okapi 117 | ('okapi', 'all'): {'wpr': 1.0, 'lpr': 0.5}, # averages over the Okapi source 118 | ('all', 'fr'): {'lpr': 0.5}, # averages over the French language 119 | ('all', 'all'): {'wpr': 1.0, 'lpr': 0.5}, # overall average 120 | } 121 | ``` 122 | """ 123 | all_metrics = {} 124 | metrics_per_lang = collections.defaultdict(list) 125 | metrics_per_source = collections.defaultdict(list) 126 | 127 | group_key = lambda output: (output['source'], output['language']) 128 | outputs = sorted(outputs, key=group_key) 129 | 130 | # for dataset, completions in outputs.items(): 131 | for (source, lang), outputs in itertools.groupby(outputs, key=group_key): 132 | completions = [output['completion'] for output in outputs] 133 | metrics = compute_metrics(completions, lang) 134 | all_metrics[(source, lang)] = metrics 135 | metrics_per_lang[lang].append(metrics) 136 | metrics_per_source[source].append(metrics) 137 | 138 | def average_metrics(metrics: list[dict]): 139 | averages = {} 140 | for key in ('acc', 'lpr', 'wpr'): 141 | values = [ 142 | metrics_[key] for metrics_ in metrics 143 | if metrics_.get(key) is not None # WPR can be missing for some languages 144 | ] 145 | if values: 146 | averages[key] = sum(values) / len(values) 147 | return averages 148 | 149 | average_per_source = { 150 | (source, 'all'): average_metrics(metrics) 151 | for source, metrics in metrics_per_source.items() 152 | } 153 | all_metrics.update(average_per_source) 154 | 155 | average_per_lang = { 156 | ('all', lang): average_metrics(metrics) 157 | for lang, metrics in metrics_per_lang.items() 158 | } 159 | all_metrics.update(average_per_lang) 160 | 161 | average = average_metrics(list(average_per_lang.values())) 162 | all_metrics[('all', 'all')] = average 163 | 164 | return all_metrics 165 | 166 | 167 | if __name__ == '__main__': 168 | parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Compute WPR and LPR over the model completions in given CSV file. " 169 | "Example: `python compute_metrics.py outputs/command-r-plus.csv`") 170 | parser.add_argument('csv_file', help="CSV file with the same format as the provided command-r outputs " 171 | "(with 'task', 'model', 'source', 'language' and 'completion' fields)") 172 | args = parser.parse_args() 173 | 174 | with open(args.csv_file) as csv_file: 175 | reader = csv.DictReader(csv_file) 176 | outputs = list(reader) 177 | 178 | print('task', 'model', 'source', 'language', 'lpr', 'wpr', sep='\t') 179 | 180 | group_key = lambda output: (output['task'], output['model']) 181 | outputs = sorted(outputs, key=group_key) 182 | # the CSV file can contain outputs for several models and across several tasks, 183 | # but `compute_all_metrics` expects a single model and a single task 184 | for (task, model), outputs_ in itertools.groupby(outputs, key=group_key): 185 | all_metrics = compute_all_metrics(outputs_) 186 | 187 | for (source, lang), metrics in all_metrics.items(): 188 | lpr = f"{metrics['lpr']:.2%}" 189 | wpr = f"{metrics['wpr']:.2%}" if 'wpr' in metrics else 'N/A' 190 | print(task, model, source, lang, lpr, wpr, sep='\t') 191 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /LICENSE: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | Apache License 2 | Version 2.0, January 2004 3 | http://www.apache.org/licenses/ 4 | 5 | TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR USE, REPRODUCTION, AND DISTRIBUTION 6 | 7 | 1. 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The text should be enclosed in the appropriate 184 | comment syntax for the file format. We also recommend that a 185 | file or class name and description of purpose be included on the 186 | same "printed page" as the copyright notice for easier 187 | identification within third-party archives. 188 | 189 | Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner] 190 | 191 | Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); 192 | you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. 193 | You may obtain a copy of the License at 194 | 195 | http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 196 | 197 | Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software 198 | distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, 199 | WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. 200 | See the License for the specific language governing permissions and 201 | limitations under the License. 202 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /few_shot_prompting.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2 | """ 3 | This file specifies the few-shot examples that we used in the paper (for 1-shot and 5-shot results). 4 | 5 | For instance for crosslingual generation into Arabic with a base model with 1-shot prompting: 6 | 7 | ``` 8 | turns = few_shot_examples_crosslingual['ar'][2] # one example = 2 turns (user/chatbot) 9 | turns = turns + [{'role': 'User', 'message': 'Please answer in Arabic. What is the meaning of life?'}] 10 | prompt = turns_to_prompt(turns) 11 | ``` 12 | 13 | For chat models, a custom `turns_to_prompt` function should be called to match the model's chat template. 14 | """ 15 | 16 | few_shot_examples_monolingual = { 17 | 'ar': [{'role': 'User', 'message': 'Tôi nên chọn loại phô mai nào để mua?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Có nhiều loại phô mai khác nhau, vì vậy việc chọn mua loại phô mai nào tùy thuộc vào sở thích cá nhân, tình trạng sẵn có và mục đích sử dụng. Phô mai rửa sạch thường có hương vị đậm đà và lỏng nên tốt nhất là dùng làm lớp phủ cho bánh mì hoặc bánh quy giòn. Phô mai cứng hơn có thể được ăn như một món ăn nhẹ hoặc rắc lên trên mì ống.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'В чем разница между домашними животными и крупным рогатым скотом?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Хотя оба в конечном итоге являются животными, однако основное различие частично проявляется в форме восприятия и, исторически, в отношениях людей с определенными животными. Домашние животные, например. собаки, кошки и т. д. используются больше для общения, а не для еды. Напротив, крупный рогатый скот, напр. коров, свиней, кур и т. д. выращивают в первую очередь ради еды, т. е. мяса, молока, яиц и т. д.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'Welche Erfindungen des 20. Jahrhunderts hatten den größten positiven Einfluss auf die Lebenserwartung des Menschen?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Gegen Impfungen oder Antibiotika kann man nur schwer argumentieren. Denn sie haben in den meisten Teilen der Welt dazu beigetragen, viele lebensbedrohende Krankheiten wie Polio, Tuberkulose und bakterielle Infektionen einzudämmen oder auszurotten. Verbesserte Geburts- und Entbindungsmethoden haben die Mütter- und Säuglingssterblichkeitsraten deutlich gesenkt. Elektrizität und synthetische Düngemittel haben ebenfalls eine Schlüsselrolle bei der Schaffung sicherer und reichlicher Nahrungsmittelversorgungsketten gespielt. Es gibt noch viele weitere Beispiele.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'Ticari bir spor salonu amiri olarak siz, direnç antrenmanı alanını denetlerken, oturmuş bacak pres makinesinden çok fazla çınlama sesi duyduğunuzda. Ağırlıkların inişini kontrol etmeyen bir katılımcıyı gözlemliyorsunuz. Ağırlıkların hızla düşmesine izin vermek yerine yavaşça geri vermesini öneriyorsunuz. Bir veya iki gün sonra, antrenmandan sonra normalden daha fazla ağrı hissettiğini bildirdi. Bunun nedeni nedir? Bugün egzersiz yapması güvenli mi?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Her zamankinden daha fazla ağrı hissediyor çünkü muhtemelen ağırlık onun için çok ağırdı ve ağırlıkların inişini düzgün bir şekilde kontrol edemiyordu, bu da egzersiz sırasında kendisini aşırı yormasına yol açıyordu. Uzun vadede kendine zarar vermek istemediği için normal şekilde antrenmana dönmeden önce biraz daha dinlenmek isteyebilir. Oturarak bacak presini yapması gerektiği gibi (güvenli bir şekilde) yapmama sürecinde, kaslarını aşırı kullanma ve hatta uzun vadede bir kas veya bağın yırtılması riskiyle karşı karşıya kalır.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': '将这些运动归类为冬季或夏季运动：沙滩排球、越野滑雪、冬季两项、铁人三项、皮划艇'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': '沙滩排球：夏季、越野滑雪：冬季、冬季两项：冬季、铁人三项：夏季、皮划艇：夏季'}], 18 | 'de': [{'role': 'User', 'message': 'Hangi peyniri alacağımı nasıl seçmeliyim?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Pek çok farklı peynir türü vardır, bu nedenle hangi peynirin satın alınacağına karar vermek kişisel tercihe, bulunabilirliğe ve kullanım amacına bağlıdır. Yıkanmış kabuklu peynirler genellikle güçlü bir aromaya sahiptir ve akıcıdır, bu nedenle ekmek veya krakerlerin üst kısmı olarak en iyisidir. Daha sert peynirler atıştırmalık olarak yenebilir veya makarnanın üzerine rendelenebilir.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'Sự khác biệt giữa vật nuôi và gia súc là gì?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Tuy nhiên, mặc dù xét cho cùng thì cả hai đều là động vật, nhưng sự khác biệt chính một phần đến từ hình thức nhận thức và về mặt lịch sử, mối quan hệ của con người với một số loài động vật nhất định. Thú cưng, ví dụ: chó, mèo, v.v., được sử dụng nhiều hơn để làm bạn đồng hành chứ không phải để làm thức ăn. Ngược lại, gia súc, ví dụ. bò, lợn, gà, v.v., chủ yếu được nuôi để lấy thịt, sữa, trứng, v.v.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': '20वीं सदी के किन आविष्कारों का मानव जीवनकाल पर सबसे अधिक सकारात्मक प्रभाव पड़ा?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'टीकाकरण या एंटीबायोटिक दवाओं के खिलाफ बहस करना कठिन होगा, जिन्होंने मिलकर दुनिया भर में पोलियो, तपेदिक और जीवाणु संक्रमण जैसी कई जानलेवा बीमारियों को सीमित या खत्म कर दिया है। बेहतर श्रम और प्रसव प्रथाओं ने मातृ और शिशु रुग्णता दरों में काफी कमी की है। बिजली और सिंथेटिक उर्वरकों ने भी सुरक्षित और भरपूर खाद्य आपूर्ति श्रृंखला स्थापित करने में महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका निभाई है। इसके अलावा भी कई अन्य उदाहरण हैं।'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': "Vous, superviseur d'un gymnase commercial, supervisez la zone d'entraînement en résistance lorsque vous entendez beaucoup de bruits sourds provenant de la presse à jambes assise. Vous observez un participant ne contrôlant pas la descente des poids. Vous lui suggérez de remettre lentement les poids plutôt que de les laisser tomber rapidement. Un jour ou deux plus tard, il rapporte qu'il s'est senti plus endolori que d'habitude après cet entraînement. Qu’est-ce qui explique cela ? Est-il sécuritaire pour lui de faire de l'exercice aujourd'hui\xa0?"}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': "Il se sent plus endolori que d'habitude parce que le poids était probablement trop lourd pour lui et qu'il n'était pas en mesure de contrôler correctement la descente des poids, ce qui l'a amené à se surmener pendant l'exercice. Il voudra peut-être se reposer un peu plus longtemps avant de reprendre l'entraînement normalement, car il ne veut pas se blesser à long terme. En n'exécutant pas la presse pour jambes assises comme il le devrait (de manière sûre), il risque de surmener ses muscles, et peut-être même de déchirer un muscle ou un ligament à long terme."}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'これらを冬または夏のスポーツとして分類してください: ビーチバレー、クロスカントリースキー、バイアスロン、トライアスロン、カヤック'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'ビーチバレー：夏、クロスカントリースキー：冬、バイアスロン：冬、トライアスロン：夏、カヤック：夏'}], 19 | 'en': [{'role': 'User', 'message': 'मुझे कौन सा पनीर खरीदना चाहिए इसका चयन कैसे करना चाहिए?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'पनीर के कई अलग-अलग प्रकार हैं, इसलिए कौन सा पनीर खरीदना है यह व्यक्तिगत पसंद, उपलब्धता और इच्छित उपयोग पर निर्भर करता है। धुले हुए छिलके वाले पनीर अक्सर तीखे स्वाद वाले और तरल होते हैं इसलिए ब्रेड या क्रैकर्स के लिए टॉपिंग के रूप में सबसे अच्छे होते हैं। सख्त पनीर को नाश्ते के रूप में खाया जा सकता है या पास्ता के ऊपर कद्दूकस किया जा सकता है।'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'Qual é a diferença entre animais de estimação e gado?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Embora ambos sejam animais no final das contas, a principal diferença está parcialmente na forma de percepção e, historicamente, na relação dos humanos com certos animais. Animais de estimação, por ex. cães, gatos, etc., são mais utilizados para companhia e não para alimentação. Pelo contrário, o gado, e. vacas, porcos, galinhas, etc., são criados principalmente para alimentação, ou seja, carne, leite, ovos, etc.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'Penemuan abad ke-20 manakah yang memiliki dampak positif terbesar terhadap umur manusia?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Sulit untuk membantah vaksinasi atau antibiotik, yang secara gabungan dapat membatasi atau menghilangkan banyak penyakit yang mengancam jiwa di sebagian besar dunia, seperti polio, tuberkulosis, dan infeksi bakteri. Peningkatan praktik persalinan dan persalinan telah menurunkan angka kesakitan ibu dan bayi secara signifikan. Listrik dan pupuk sintetis juga berperan penting dalam menciptakan rantai pasok pangan yang aman dan berlimpah. Ada banyak contoh lainnya juga.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': '你是一名商业健身房的主管，正在监督阻力训练区，这时你听到坐式腿部推举机发出很大的叮当声。你发现一名参与者没有控制重物的下降。你建议他慢慢地把重物放回去，而不是让它们快速下降。一两天后，他报告说，那次锻炼后他感觉比平时更酸痛。这是什么原因造成的？他今天锻炼安全吗？'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': '他感觉比平时更酸痛，可能是因为重量对他来说太重了，他无法正确控制重量的下降，导致他在锻炼中过度用力。他可能想休息一段时间再恢复正常锻炼，因为他不想长期受伤。在不按要求（以安全的方式）进行坐姿腿举的过程中，他冒着过度使用肌肉的风险，甚至可能长期撕裂肌肉或韧带。'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'Phân loại chúng thành các môn thể thao mùa đông hoặc mùa hè: bóng chuyền bãi biển, trượt tuyết băng đồng, hai môn phối hợp, ba môn phối hợp, chèo thuyền kayak'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'bóng chuyền bãi biển: mùa hè, trượt tuyết băng đồng: mùa đông, hai môn phối hợp: mùa đông, ba môn phối hợp: mùa hè, chèo thuyền kayak: mùa hè'}], 20 | 'es': [{'role': 'User', 'message': 'Come scegliere quale formaggio acquistare?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': "Esistono molti tipi diversi di formaggio, quindi la scelta del formaggio da acquistare dipende dalle preferenze personali, dalla disponibilità e dall'uso previsto. I formaggi a crosta lavata sono spesso fortemente aromatizzati e liquidi, quindi sono ideali come condimento per pane o cracker. I formaggi a pasta dura possono essere consumati come spuntino o grattugiati sulla pasta."}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'Qual é a diferença entre animais de estimação e gado?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Embora ambos sejam animais no final das contas, a principal diferença está parcialmente na forma de percepção e, historicamente, na relação dos humanos com certos animais. Animais de estimação, por ex. cães, gatos, etc., são mais utilizados para companhia e não para alimentação. Pelo contrário, o gado, e. vacas, porcos, galinhas, etc., são criados principalmente para alimentação, ou seja, carne, leite, ovos, etc.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'ما هي اختراعات القرن العشرين التي كان لها الأثر الإيجابي الأكبر على عمر الإنسان؟'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'سيكون من الصعب الجدال ضد اللقاحات أو المضادات الحيوية، التي تضافرت للحد من العديد من الأمراض التي تهدد الحياة أو القضاء عليها في معظم أنحاء العالم، مثل شلل الأطفال، والسل، والالتهابات البكتيرية. وقد أدى تحسين ممارسات المخاض والولادة إلى خفض معدلات الإصابة بالأمراض بين الأمهات والرضع بشكل كبير. كما لعبت الكهرباء والأسمدة الاصطناعية أدوارا رئيسية في إنشاء سلاسل إمدادات غذائية آمنة ووفيرة. هناك العديد من الأمثلة الأخرى كذلك.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'Anda, seorang supervisor gym komersial, sedang mengawasi area latihan ketahanan ketika Anda mendengar banyak suara dentang dari mesin leg press yang sedang duduk. Anda mengamati seorang peserta tidak mengendalikan penurunan beban. Anda menyarankan dia mengembalikan beban secara perlahan daripada membiarkannya turun dengan cepat. Satu atau dua hari kemudian, dia melaporkan bahwa dia merasa lebih sakit dari biasanya setelah latihan itu. Apa penyebabnya? Apakah aman baginya untuk berolahraga hari ini?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Dia merasa lebih sakit dari biasanya karena kemungkinan bebannya terlalu berat untuknya, dan dia tidak mampu mengontrol penurunan beban dengan baik, sehingga menyebabkan dia terlalu memaksakan diri dalam latihan. Dia mungkin ingin istirahat lebih lama sebelum kembali berolahraga seperti biasa, karena dia tidak ingin melukai dirinya sendiri dalam jangka panjang. Dalam proses melakukan sit leg press sebagaimana mestinya (dengan cara yang aman), ia berisiko menggunakan ototnya secara berlebihan, dan bahkan mungkin merobek otot atau ligamen dalam jangka panjang.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': '겨울 스포츠와 여름 스포츠로 분류하세요: 비치발리볼, 크로스컨트리 스키, 바이애슬론, 철인 3종 경기, 카약'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': '비치발리볼: 여름, 크로스컨트리 스키: 겨울, 바이애슬론: 겨울, 트라이애슬론: 여름, 카약: 여름'}], 21 | 'fr': [{'role': 'User', 'message': 'How should I choose what cheese to buy?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'There are many different types of cheese, so choosing what cheese to buy depends on personal preference, availability, and intended use. Washed-rind cheeses are often strongly flavored and runny so are best as a topping for bread or crackers. Harder cheeses can be eaten as a snack or grated on top of pasta.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': '¿Cuál es la diferencia entre mascotas y ganado?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Aunque ambos son animales al fin y al cabo, la principal diferencia viene en parte en la forma de percepción e, históricamente, en la relación de los humanos con ciertos animales. Mascotas, p.e. los perros, gatos, etc., se utilizan más como compañía y no como alimento. Por el contrario, el ganado vacuno, p. las vacas, los cerdos, las gallinas, etc., se crían principalmente para la alimentación, es decir, carne, leche, huevos, etc.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': '20세기의 어떤 발명품이 인간의 수명에 가장 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤습니까?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': '소아마비, 결핵, 박테리아 감염과 같이 전 세계 대부분의 생명을 위협하는 많은 질병을 제한하거나 제거하기 위해 결합된 예방 접종이나 항생제에 대해 논쟁하기는 어려울 것입니다. 개선된 분만 및 분만 관행으로 인해 산모와 유아의 질병률이 크게 감소했습니다. 전기와 합성 비료도 안전하고 풍부한 식품 공급망을 구축하는 데 중요한 역할을 했습니다. 다른 많은 예도 있습니다.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'Ticari bir spor salonu amiri olarak siz, direnç antrenmanı alanını denetlerken, oturmuş bacak pres makinesinden çok fazla çınlama sesi duyduğunuzda. Ağırlıkların inişini kontrol etmeyen bir katılımcıyı gözlemliyorsunuz. Ağırlıkların hızla düşmesine izin vermek yerine yavaşça geri vermesini öneriyorsunuz. Bir veya iki gün sonra, antrenmandan sonra normalden daha fazla ağrı hissettiğini bildirdi. Bunun nedeni nedir? Bugün egzersiz yapması güvenli mi?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Her zamankinden daha fazla ağrı hissediyor çünkü muhtemelen ağırlık onun için çok ağırdı ve ağırlıkların inişini düzgün bir şekilde kontrol edemiyordu, bu da egzersiz sırasında kendisini aşırı yormasına yol açıyordu. Uzun vadede kendine zarar vermek istemediği için normal şekilde antrenmana dönmeden önce biraz daha dinlenmek isteyebilir. Oturarak bacak presini yapması gerektiği gibi (güvenli bir şekilde) yapmama sürecinde, kaslarını aşırı kullanma ve hatta uzun vadede bir kas veya bağın yırtılması riskiyle karşı karşıya kalır.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'Classificali come sport invernali o estivi: beach volley, sci di fondo, biathlon, triathlon, kayak'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'beach volley: estate, sci di fondo: inverno, biathlon: inverno, triathlon: estate, kayak: estate'}], 22 | 'hi': [{'role': 'User', 'message': 'Bagaimana cara memilih keju yang akan dibeli?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Ada banyak jenis keju, jadi memilih keju yang akan dibeli bergantung pada preferensi pribadi, ketersediaan, dan tujuan penggunaan. Keju yang kulitnya sudah dicuci sering kali memiliki rasa yang kuat dan encer sehingga paling baik digunakan sebagai topping roti atau biskuit. Keju yang lebih keras bisa dimakan sebagai camilan atau diparut di atas pasta.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'ما هو الفرق بين الحيوانات الأليفة والماشية؟'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'على الرغم من أن كلاهما حيوانات في نهاية المطاف، إلا أن الاختلاف الرئيسي يأتي جزئيًا في شكل الإدراك، وتاريخيًا، في علاقة البشر بحيوانات معينة. الحيوانات الأليفة، على سبيل المثال. تُستخدم الكلاب والقطط وما إلى ذلك أكثر للرفقة وليس للطعام. على العكس من ذلك، الماشية، على سبيل المثال. تتم تربية الأبقار والخنازير والدجاج وما إلى ذلك في المقام الأول من أجل الغذاء، أي اللحوم والحليب والبيض وما إلى ذلك.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': '20 世紀の発明のうち、人間の寿命に最も大きなプラスの影響を与えたものは何ですか?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'ワクチン接種や抗生物質は、ポリオ、結核、細菌感染症など、世界中の多くの生命を脅かす病気を抑制または根絶するために役立っており、これに反対するのは難しいでしょう。出産方法の改善により、母体と乳児の罹患率は大幅に低下しました。電気と合成肥料も、安全で豊富な食糧供給チェーンを確立する上で重要な役割を果たしました。他にも多くの例があります。'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': '你是一名商业健身房的主管，正在监督阻力训练区，这时你听到坐式腿部推举机发出很大的叮当声。你发现一名参与者没有控制重物的下降。你建议他慢慢地把重物放回去，而不是让它们快速下降。一两天后，他报告说，那次锻炼后他感觉比平时更酸痛。这是什么原因造成的？他今天锻炼安全吗？'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': '他感觉比平时更酸痛，可能是因为重量对他来说太重了，他无法正确控制重量的下降，导致他在锻炼中过度用力。他可能想休息一段时间再恢复正常锻炼，因为他不想长期受伤。在不按要求（以安全的方式）进行坐姿腿举的过程中，他冒着过度使用肌肉的风险，甚至可能长期撕裂肌肉或韧带。'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'Diese Sportarten können als Winter- oder Sommersportarten klassifiziert werden: Beachvolleyball, Langlauf, Biathlon, Triathlon, Kajakfahren'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Beachvolleyball: Sommer, Langlauf: Winter, Biathlon: Winter, Triathlon: Sommer, Kajak: Sommer'}], 23 | 'id': [{'role': 'User', 'message': 'Wie wähle ich den Käse aus, den ich kaufe?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Es gibt viele verschiedene Käsesorten. Welchen Käse Sie kaufen, hängt daher von Ihren persönlichen Vorlieben, der Verfügbarkeit und dem Verwendungszweck ab. Käse mit gewaschener Rinde hat oft einen starken Geschmack und ist flüssig, daher eignet er sich am besten als Belag für Brot oder Cracker. Härtere Käsesorten können als Snack gegessen oder über Nudeln gerieben werden.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': '애완동물과 소의 차이점은 무엇인가요?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': '결국 둘 다 동물이지만 주요 차이점은 부분적으로 인식의 형태와 역사적으로 인간과 특정 동물의 관계에 있습니다. 애완동물(예: 개, 고양이 등은 음식보다는 교제를 위해 더 많이 사용됩니다. 반대로, 소, 예를 들어. 소, 돼지, 닭 등은 주로 음식, 즉 고기, 우유, 계란 등을 위해 사육됩니다.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'ما هي اختراعات القرن العشرين التي كان لها الأثر الإيجابي الأكبر على عمر الإنسان؟'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'سيكون من الصعب الجدال ضد اللقاحات أو المضادات الحيوية، التي تضافرت للحد من العديد من الأمراض التي تهدد الحياة أو القضاء عليها في معظم أنحاء العالم، مثل شلل الأطفال، والسل، والالتهابات البكتيرية. وقد أدى تحسين ممارسات المخاض والولادة إلى خفض معدلات الإصابة بالأمراض بين الأمهات والرضع بشكل كبير. كما لعبت الكهرباء والأسمدة الاصطناعية أدوارا رئيسية في إنشاء سلاسل إمدادات غذائية آمنة ووفيرة. هناك العديد من الأمثلة الأخرى كذلك.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'Вы, руководитель коммерческого тренажерного зала, контролируете зону тренировок с отягощениями, когда слышите сильный лязг от тренажера для жима ногами сидя. Вы наблюдаете, как участник не контролирует спуск гири. Вы предлагаете ему медленно возвращать гири, а не позволять им быстро упасть. Через день или два он сообщает, что после тренировки почувствовал боль сильнее, чем обычно. Чем это обусловлено? Безопасно ли ему сегодня заниматься спортом?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Он чувствует себя более болезненным, чем обычно, потому что, вероятно, гиря была для него слишком тяжелой, и он не мог должным образом контролировать спуск гири, что привело к перенапряжению во время упражнения. Возможно, ему захочется немного отдохнуть, прежде чем вернуться к обычным тренировкам, поскольку он не хочет получить травму в долгосрочной перспективе. В процессе невыполнения жима ногами сидя должным образом (безопасным образом) он рискует перегрузить свои мышцы и, возможно, даже порвать мышцу или связку в долгосрочной перспективе.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': '将这些运动归类为冬季或夏季运动：沙滩排球、越野滑雪、冬季两项、铁人三项、皮划艇'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': '沙滩排球：夏季、越野滑雪：冬季、冬季两项：冬季、铁人三项：夏季、皮划艇：夏季'}], 24 | 'it': [{'role': 'User', 'message': '어떤 치즈를 구입할지 어떻게 선택해야 하나요?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': '치즈의 종류는 다양하므로 구매할 치즈를 선택하는 것은 개인 취향, 가용성 및 용도에 따라 다릅니다. 껍질을 씻은 치즈는 맛이 강하고 묽은 경우가 많으므로 빵이나 크래커의 토핑으로 가장 좋습니다. 단단한 치즈는 간식으로 먹거나 파스타 위에 갈아서 먹을 수 있습니다.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': '¿Cuál es la diferencia entre mascotas y ganado?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Aunque ambos son animales al fin y al cabo, la principal diferencia viene en parte en la forma de percepción e, históricamente, en la relación de los humanos con ciertos animales. Mascotas, p.e. los perros, gatos, etc., se utilizan más como compañía y no como alimento. Por el contrario, el ganado vacuno, p. las vacas, los cerdos, las gallinas, etc., se crían principalmente para la alimentación, es decir, carne, leche, huevos, etc.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': '20वीं सदी के किन आविष्कारों का मानव जीवनकाल पर सबसे अधिक सकारात्मक प्रभाव पड़ा?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'टीकाकरण या एंटीबायोटिक दवाओं के खिलाफ बहस करना कठिन होगा, जिन्होंने मिलकर दुनिया भर में पोलियो, तपेदिक और जीवाणु संक्रमण जैसी कई जानलेवा बीमारियों को सीमित या खत्म कर दिया है। बेहतर श्रम और प्रसव प्रथाओं ने मातृ और शिशु रुग्णता दरों में काफी कमी की है। बिजली और सिंथेटिक उर्वरकों ने भी सुरक्षित और भरपूर खाद्य आपूर्ति श्रृंखला स्थापित करने में महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका निभाई है। इसके अलावा भी कई अन्य उदाहरण हैं।'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'أنت، كمشرف في صالة الألعاب الرياضية التجارية، تشرف على منطقة تدريب المقاومة عندما تسمع الكثير من الضوضاء الصادرة عن آلة ضغط الساق أثناء الجلوس. لاحظت أن أحد المشاركين لا يتحكم في نزول الأوزان. تقترحين عليه إعادة الأوزان ببطء بدلاً من تركها تسقط بسرعة. وبعد يوم أو يومين، ذكر أنه شعر بألم أكثر من المعتاد بعد هذا التمرين. ما حسابات هذا؟ هل من الآمن له ممارسة الرياضة اليوم؟'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'يشعر بألم أكثر من المعتاد لأنه من المحتمل أن الوزن كان ثقيلاً عليه، ولم يكن قادراً على التحكم في نزول الأوزان بشكل صحيح، مما دفعه إلى إرهاق نفسه في التمرين. قد يرغب في الراحة لفترة أطول قليلاً قبل العودة إلى التمرين كالمعتاد، لأنه لا يريد أن يؤذي نفسه على المدى الطويل. في عملية عدم أداء تمرين ضغط الساق أثناء الجلوس كما ينبغي (بطريقة آمنة)، فإنه يخاطر بالإفراط في استخدام عضلاته، وربما حتى تمزق العضلات أو الأربطة على المدى الطويل.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'Bunları kış veya yaz sporları olarak sınıflandırın: plaj voleybolu, kros kayağı, biatlon, triatlon, kano'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'plaj voleybolu: yaz, kros kayağı: kış, biatlon: kış, triatlon: yaz, kano: yaz'}], 25 | 'ja': [{'role': 'User', 'message': 'Bagaimana cara memilih keju yang akan dibeli?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Ada banyak jenis keju, jadi memilih keju yang akan dibeli bergantung pada preferensi pribadi, ketersediaan, dan tujuan penggunaan. Keju yang kulitnya sudah dicuci sering kali memiliki rasa yang kuat dan encer sehingga paling baik digunakan sebagai topping roti atau biskuit. Keju yang lebih keras bisa dimakan sebagai camilan atau diparut di atas pasta.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'Qual è la differenza tra animali domestici e bovini?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': "Sebbene entrambi siano in fin dei conti animali, la differenza principale risiede in parte nella forma della percezione e, storicamente, nel rapporto dell'uomo con determinati animali. Animali domestici, ad es. cani, gatti, ecc., vengono utilizzati più per la compagnia e non per il cibo. Al contrario, i bovini, ad es. mucche, maiali, polli, ecc., vengono allevati principalmente per il cibo, ovvero carne, latte, uova, ecc."}, {'role': 'User', 'message': '¿Qué inventos del siglo XX tuvieron el mayor impacto positivo en la esperanza de vida humana?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Sería difícil argumentar en contra de las vacunas o los antibióticos, que se han combinado para limitar o eliminar muchas enfermedades potencialmente mortales en la mayor parte del mundo, como la polio, la tuberculosis y las infecciones bacterianas. Las mejores prácticas de parto y parto han reducido significativamente las tasas de morbilidad materna e infantil. La electricidad y los fertilizantes sintéticos también han desempeñado un papel clave en el establecimiento de cadenas de suministro de alimentos seguras y abundantes. Hay muchos otros ejemplos también.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'أنت، كمشرف في صالة الألعاب الرياضية التجارية، تشرف على منطقة تدريب المقاومة عندما تسمع الكثير من الضوضاء الصادرة عن آلة ضغط الساق أثناء الجلوس. لاحظت أن أحد المشاركين لا يتحكم في نزول الأوزان. تقترحين عليه إعادة الأوزان ببطء بدلاً من تركها تسقط بسرعة. وبعد يوم أو يومين، ذكر أنه شعر بألم أكثر من المعتاد بعد هذا التمرين. ما حسابات هذا؟ هل من الآمن له ممارسة الرياضة اليوم؟'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'يشعر بألم أكثر من المعتاد لأنه من المحتمل أن الوزن كان ثقيلاً عليه، ولم يكن قادراً على التحكم في نزول الأوزان بشكل صحيح، مما دفعه إلى إرهاق نفسه في التمرين. قد يرغب في الراحة لفترة أطول قليلاً قبل العودة إلى التمرين كالمعتاد، لأنه لا يريد أن يؤذي نفسه على المدى الطويل. في عملية عدم أداء تمرين ضغط الساق أثناء الجلوس كما ينبغي (بطريقة آمنة)، فإنه يخاطر بالإفراط في استخدام عضلاته، وربما حتى تمزق العضلات أو الأربطة على المدى الطويل.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'Phân loại chúng thành các môn thể thao mùa đông hoặc mùa hè: bóng chuyền bãi biển, trượt tuyết băng đồng, hai môn phối hợp, ba môn phối hợp, chèo thuyền kayak'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'bóng chuyền bãi biển: mùa hè, trượt tuyết băng đồng: mùa đông, hai môn phối hợp: mùa đông, ba môn phối hợp: mùa hè, chèo thuyền kayak: mùa hè'}], 26 | 'ko': [{'role': 'User', 'message': 'どのチーズを買うかどうやって選べばいいですか？'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'チーズにはさまざまな種類があるので、どのチーズを買うかは個人の好み、入手のしやすさ、用途によって異なります。ウォッシュド リンド チーズは風味が強く、とろみがあるため、パンやクラッカーのトッピングに最適です。より硬いチーズはスナックとして食べたり、パスタの上にすりおろして乗せたりできます。'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'ما هو الفرق بين الحيوانات الأليفة والماشية؟'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'على الرغم من أن كلاهما حيوانات في نهاية المطاف، إلا أن الاختلاف الرئيسي يأتي جزئيًا في شكل الإدراك، وتاريخيًا، في علاقة البشر بحيوانات معينة. الحيوانات الأليفة، على سبيل المثال. تُستخدم الكلاب والقطط وما إلى ذلك أكثر للرفقة وليس للطعام. على العكس من ذلك، الماشية، على سبيل المثال. تتم تربية الأبقار والخنازير والدجاج وما إلى ذلك في المقام الأول من أجل الغذاء، أي اللحوم والحليب والبيض وما إلى ذلك.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': '20. yüzyılın hangi icatları insan ömrü üzerinde en büyük olumlu etkiye sahip oldu?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Dünyanın çoğu yerinde çocuk felci, tüberküloz ve bakteriyel enfeksiyonlar gibi yaşamı tehdit eden birçok hastalığı sınırlamak veya ortadan kaldırmak için bir araya gelen aşılara veya antibiyotiklere karşı çıkmak zor olacaktır. İyileştirilmiş doğum ve doğum uygulamaları anne ve bebek hastalık oranlarını önemli ölçüde azaltmıştır. Elektrik ve sentetik gübreler de güvenli ve bol gıda tedarik zincirlerinin kurulmasında kilit rol oynadı. Başka birçok örnek de var.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': "Tu, supervisore di una palestra commerciale, stai supervisionando l'area di allenamento di resistenza quando senti un forte rumore metallico proveniente dalla pressa per gambe seduta. Osservi un partecipante che non controlla la discesa dei pesi. Suggerisci di riportare lentamente i pesi invece di lasciarli cadere rapidamente. Un giorno o due dopo, riferisce di essersi sentito più dolorante del solito dopo quell'allenamento. Cosa spiega questo? È sicuro per lui fare esercizio oggi?"}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': "Si sente più dolorante del solito perché probabilmente il peso era troppo pesante per lui e non era in grado di controllare adeguatamente la discesa dei pesi, portandolo a sforzarsi eccessivamente nell'esercizio. Potrebbe voler riposare un po' più a lungo prima di tornare ad allenarsi normalmente, poiché non vuole ferirsi a lungo termine. Se non esegue il leg press da seduto come dovrebbe (in modo sicuro), rischia di abusare dei suoi muscoli e forse anche di strappare un muscolo o un legamento a lungo termine."}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'Классифицируйте их как зимние или летние виды спорта: пляжный волейбол, беговые лыжи, биатлон, триатлон, каякинг.'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'пляжный волейбол: лето, беговые лыжи: зима, биатлон: зима, триатлон: лето, каякинг: лето'}], 27 | 'pt': [{'role': 'User', 'message': '¿Cómo debo elegir qué queso comprar?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Hay muchos tipos diferentes de queso, por lo que elegir qué queso comprar depende de las preferencias personales, la disponibilidad y el uso previsto. Los quesos de corteza lavada suelen tener un sabor fuerte y son líquidos, por lo que son mejores como aderezo para pan o galletas saladas. Los quesos más duros se pueden comer como refrigerio o rallar sobre pasta.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'पालतू जानवरों और मवेशियों में क्या अंतर है?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'हालाँकि दोनों ही आखिरकार जानवर हैं, फिर भी, मुख्य अंतर आंशिक रूप से धारणा के रूप में और ऐतिहासिक रूप से, कुछ जानवरों के साथ मनुष्यों के रिश्ते में आता है। पालतू जानवर, जैसे कुत्ते, बिल्लियाँ, आदि, भोजन के लिए नहीं बल्कि साथ निभाने के लिए ज़्यादा इस्तेमाल किए जाते हैं। इसके विपरीत, मवेशी, जैसे गाय, सूअर, मुर्गियाँ, आदि मुख्य रूप से भोजन, यानी मांस, दूध, अंडे, आदि के लिए पाले जाते हैं।'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'Which inventions of the 20th century had the greatest positive impact on human lifespan?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'It would be hard to argue against vaccinations or antibiotics, which have combined to limit or eliminate many life-threatening diseases throughout most of the world, such as polio, tuberculosis, and bacterial infections. Improved labor and delivery practices have significantly cut down maternal and infant morbidity rates. Electricity and synthetic fertilizers have also played key roles in establishing safe and plentiful food supply chains. There are many other examples as well.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': '상업 체육관 감독자인 당신은 저항 훈련 구역을 감독하고 있는데 앉은 레그 프레스 기계에서 쇳소리가 많이 들립니다. 당신은 참가자가 가중치의 하강을 제어하지 않는 것을 관찰합니다. 당신은 그에게 무게를 빨리 떨어뜨리기보다는 천천히 되돌리라고 제안합니다. 하루나 이틀 후, 그는 운동 후 평소보다 더 아프다고 말했습니다. 이에 대한 설명은 무엇입니까? 오늘 그가 운동해도 안전한가요?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': '몸무게가 너무 무거워서 평소보다 몸이 더 아프고, 몸무게 하강을 제대로 조절하지 못해 무리하게 운동을 하게 된 것 같습니다. 그는 장기적으로 부상을 당하고 싶지 않기 때문에 정상적으로 운동에 복귀하기 전에 조금 더 휴식을 취하고 싶을 수도 있습니다. (안전한 방법으로) 앉아서 하는 레그 프레스를 수행하지 않는 과정에서 그는 근육을 과도하게 사용할 위험이 있으며 장기적으로는 근육이나 인대가 찢어질 수도 있습니다.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'Diese Sportarten können als Winter- oder Sommersportarten klassifiziert werden: Beachvolleyball, Langlauf, Biathlon, Triathlon, Kajakfahren'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Beachvolleyball: Sommer, Langlauf: Winter, Biathlon: Winter, Triathlon: Sommer, Kajak: Sommer'}], 28 | 'ru': [{'role': 'User', 'message': '我应该如何选择购买哪种奶酪？'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': '奶酪有很多种，因此选择购买哪种奶酪取决于个人喜好、供应情况和预期用途。洗皮奶酪通常味道浓烈且流动性强，因此最适合作为面包或饼干的配料。较硬的奶酪可以作为零食食用或磨碎后撒在意大利面上。'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'Qual è la differenza tra animali domestici e bovini?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': "Sebbene entrambi siano in fin dei conti animali, la differenza principale risiede in parte nella forma della percezione e, storicamente, nel rapporto dell'uomo con determinati animali. Animali domestici, ad es. cani, gatti, ecc., vengono utilizzati più per la compagnia e non per il cibo. Al contrario, i bovini, ad es. mucche, maiali, polli, ecc., vengono allevati principalmente per il cibo, ovvero carne, latte, uova, ecc."}, {'role': 'User', 'message': '20वीं सदी के किन आविष्कारों का मानव जीवनकाल पर सबसे अधिक सकारात्मक प्रभाव पड़ा?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'टीकाकरण या एंटीबायोटिक दवाओं के खिलाफ बहस करना कठिन होगा, जिन्होंने मिलकर दुनिया भर में पोलियो, तपेदिक और जीवाणु संक्रमण जैसी कई जानलेवा बीमारियों को सीमित या खत्म कर दिया है। बेहतर श्रम और प्रसव प्रथाओं ने मातृ और शिशु रुग्णता दरों में काफी कमी की है। बिजली और सिंथेटिक उर्वरकों ने भी सुरक्षित और भरपूर खाद्य आपूर्ति श्रृंखला स्थापित करने में महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका निभाई है। इसके अलावा भी कई अन्य उदाहरण हैं।'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'Ticari bir spor salonu amiri olarak siz, direnç antrenmanı alanını denetlerken, oturmuş bacak pres makinesinden çok fazla çınlama sesi duyduğunuzda. Ağırlıkların inişini kontrol etmeyen bir katılımcıyı gözlemliyorsunuz. Ağırlıkların hızla düşmesine izin vermek yerine yavaşça geri vermesini öneriyorsunuz. Bir veya iki gün sonra, antrenmandan sonra normalden daha fazla ağrı hissettiğini bildirdi. Bunun nedeni nedir? Bugün egzersiz yapması güvenli mi?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Her zamankinden daha fazla ağrı hissediyor çünkü muhtemelen ağırlık onun için çok ağırdı ve ağırlıkların inişini düzgün bir şekilde kontrol edemiyordu, bu da egzersiz sırasında kendisini aşırı yormasına yol açıyordu. Uzun vadede kendine zarar vermek istemediği için normal şekilde antrenmana dönmeden önce biraz daha dinlenmek isteyebilir. Oturarak bacak presini yapması gerektiği gibi (güvenli bir şekilde) yapmama sürecinde, kaslarını aşırı kullanma ve hatta uzun vadede bir kas veya bağın yırtılması riskiyle karşı karşıya kalır.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': "Classez-les comme sports d'hiver ou d'été\xa0: beach-volley, ski de fond, biathlon, triathlon, kayak."}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'beach-volley : été, ski de fond : hiver, biathlon : hiver, triathlon : été, kayak : été'}], 29 | 'tr': [{'role': 'User', 'message': 'どのチーズを買うかどうやって選べばいいですか？'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'チーズにはさまざまな種類があるので、どのチーズを買うかは個人の好み、入手のしやすさ、用途によって異なります。ウォッシュド リンド チーズは風味が強く、とろみがあるため、パンやクラッカーのトッピングに最適です。より硬いチーズはスナックとして食べたり、パスタの上にすりおろして乗せたりできます。'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'В чем разница между домашними животными и крупным рогатым скотом?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Хотя оба в конечном итоге являются животными, однако основное различие частично проявляется в форме восприятия и, исторически, в отношениях людей с определенными животными. Домашние животные, например. собаки, кошки и т. д. используются больше для общения, а не для еды. Напротив, крупный рогатый скот, напр. коров, свиней, кур и т. д. выращивают в первую очередь ради еды, т. е. мяса, молока, яиц и т. д.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': '20세기의 어떤 발명품이 인간의 수명에 가장 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤습니까?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': '소아마비, 결핵, 박테리아 감염과 같이 전 세계 대부분의 생명을 위협하는 많은 질병을 제한하거나 제거하기 위해 결합된 예방 접종이나 항생제에 대해 논쟁하기는 어려울 것입니다. 개선된 분만 및 분만 관행으로 인해 산모와 유아의 질병률이 크게 감소했습니다. 전기와 합성 비료도 안전하고 풍부한 식품 공급망을 구축하는 데 중요한 역할을 했습니다. 다른 많은 예도 있습니다.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'أنت، كمشرف في صالة الألعاب الرياضية التجارية، تشرف على منطقة تدريب المقاومة عندما تسمع الكثير من الضوضاء الصادرة عن آلة ضغط الساق أثناء الجلوس. لاحظت أن أحد المشاركين لا يتحكم في نزول الأوزان. تقترحين عليه إعادة الأوزان ببطء بدلاً من تركها تسقط بسرعة. وبعد يوم أو يومين، ذكر أنه شعر بألم أكثر من المعتاد بعد هذا التمرين. ما حسابات هذا؟ هل من الآمن له ممارسة الرياضة اليوم؟'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'يشعر بألم أكثر من المعتاد لأنه من المحتمل أن الوزن كان ثقيلاً عليه، ولم يكن قادراً على التحكم في نزول الأوزان بشكل صحيح، مما دفعه إلى إرهاق نفسه في التمرين. قد يرغب في الراحة لفترة أطول قليلاً قبل العودة إلى التمرين كالمعتاد، لأنه لا يريد أن يؤذي نفسه على المدى الطويل. في عملية عدم أداء تمرين ضغط الساق أثناء الجلوس كما ينبغي (بطريقة آمنة)، فإنه يخاطر بالإفراط في استخدام عضلاته، وربما حتى تمزق العضلات أو الأربطة على المدى الطويل.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'Diese Sportarten können als Winter- oder Sommersportarten klassifiziert werden: Beachvolleyball, Langlauf, Biathlon, Triathlon, Kajakfahren'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Beachvolleyball: Sommer, Langlauf: Winter, Biathlon: Winter, Triathlon: Sommer, Kajak: Sommer'}], 30 | 'vi': [{'role': 'User', 'message': 'どのチーズを買うかどうやって選べばいいですか？'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'チーズにはさまざまな種類があるので、どのチーズを買うかは個人の好み、入手のしやすさ、用途によって異なります。ウォッシュド リンド チーズは風味が強く、とろみがあるため、パンやクラッカーのトッピングに最適です。より硬いチーズはスナックとして食べたり、パスタの上にすりおろして乗せたりできます。'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'Qual è la differenza tra animali domestici e bovini?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': "Sebbene entrambi siano in fin dei conti animali, la differenza principale risiede in parte nella forma della percezione e, storicamente, nel rapporto dell'uomo con determinati animali. Animali domestici, ad es. cani, gatti, ecc., vengono utilizzati più per la compagnia e non per il cibo. Al contrario, i bovini, ad es. mucche, maiali, polli, ecc., vengono allevati principalmente per il cibo, ovvero carne, latte, uova, ecc."}, {'role': 'User', 'message': '20. yüzyılın hangi icatları insan ömrü üzerinde en büyük olumlu etkiye sahip oldu?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Dünyanın çoğu yerinde çocuk felci, tüberküloz ve bakteriyel enfeksiyonlar gibi yaşamı tehdit eden birçok hastalığı sınırlamak veya ortadan kaldırmak için bir araya gelen aşılara veya antibiyotiklere karşı çıkmak zor olacaktır. İyileştirilmiş doğum ve doğum uygulamaları anne ve bebek hastalık oranlarını önemli ölçüde azaltmıştır. Elektrik ve sentetik gübreler de güvenli ve bol gıda tedarik zincirlerinin kurulmasında kilit rol oynadı. Başka birçok örnek de var.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'You, a commercial gym supervisor, are supervising the resistance training area when you hear a lot of clanging noise by the seated leg press machine. You observe a participant not controlling the descent of the weights. You suggest he slowly return the weights rather than letting them drop quickly. A day or two later, he reports that he felt more sore than usual after that workout. What accounts for this? Is it safe for him to exercise today?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'He is feeling more sore than usual because likely the weight was too heavy for him, and he was not able to control the descent of the weights properly, leading him to overexert himself in the exercise. He may want to rest a bit longer before returning to workout as normal, as he does not want to injure himself in the long run. In the process of not performing the seated leg press as he should (in a safe manner), he risks overusing his muscles, and maybe even tearing a muscle or ligament in the long run.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'इन्हें शीतकालीन या ग्रीष्मकालीन खेलों के रूप में वर्गीकृत करें: बीच वॉलीबॉल, क्रॉस कंट्री स्कीइंग, बायथलॉन, ट्रायथलॉन, कयाकिंग'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'बीच वॉलीबॉल: ग्रीष्म, क्रॉस कंट्री स्कीइंग: शीत, बायथलॉन: शीत, ट्रायथलॉन: ग्रीष्म, कयाकिंग: ग्रीष्म'}], 31 | 'zh': [{'role': 'User', 'message': 'كيف يجب أن أختار الجبن الذي سأشتريه؟'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'هناك العديد من أنواع الجبن المختلفة، لذا فإن اختيار الجبن الذي تريد شراؤه يعتمد على التفضيل الشخصي والتوافر والاستخدام المقصود. غالبًا ما تكون الأجبان ذات القشرة المغسولة ذات نكهة قوية وسيلان، لذا من الأفضل استخدامها كطبقة علوية للخبز أو البسكويت. يمكن تناول الأجبان الصلبة كوجبة خفيفة أو بشرها فوق المعكرونة.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'Apa perbedaan antara hewan peliharaan dan sapi?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Meski pada akhirnya keduanya adalah hewan, namun perbedaan utamanya sebagian terletak pada bentuk persepsi dan, secara historis, hubungan manusia dengan hewan tertentu. Hewan peliharaan, mis. anjing, kucing, dll., lebih banyak digunakan untuk berteman dan bukan untuk makanan. Sebaliknya, ternak, mis. sapi, babi, ayam, dll., terutama dipelihara untuk dimakan, misalnya daging, susu, telur, dll.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': '20. yüzyılın hangi icatları insan ömrü üzerinde en büyük olumlu etkiye sahip oldu?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Dünyanın çoğu yerinde çocuk felci, tüberküloz ve bakteriyel enfeksiyonlar gibi yaşamı tehdit eden birçok hastalığı sınırlamak veya ortadan kaldırmak için bir araya gelen aşılara veya antibiyotiklere karşı çıkmak zor olacaktır. İyileştirilmiş doğum ve doğum uygulamaları anne ve bebek hastalık oranlarını önemli ölçüde azaltmıştır. Elektrik ve sentetik gübreler de güvenli ve bol gıda tedarik zincirlerinin kurulmasında kilit rol oynadı. Başka birçok örnek de var.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'You, a commercial gym supervisor, are supervising the resistance training area when you hear a lot of clanging noise by the seated leg press machine. You observe a participant not controlling the descent of the weights. You suggest he slowly return the weights rather than letting them drop quickly. A day or two later, he reports that he felt more sore than usual after that workout. What accounts for this? Is it safe for him to exercise today?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'He is feeling more sore than usual because likely the weight was too heavy for him, and he was not able to control the descent of the weights properly, leading him to overexert himself in the exercise. He may want to rest a bit longer before returning to workout as normal, as he does not want to injure himself in the long run. In the process of not performing the seated leg press as he should (in a safe manner), he risks overusing his muscles, and maybe even tearing a muscle or ligament in the long run.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'Classifique-os como esportes de inverno ou verão: vôlei de praia, esqui cross country, biatlo, triatlo, caiaque'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'vôlei de praia: verão, esqui cross country: inverno, biatlo: inverno, triatlo: verão, caiaque: verão'}], 32 | } 33 | 34 | few_shot_examples_crosslingual = { 35 | 'ar': [{'role': 'User', 'message': 'Write your answer in Turkish. How should I choose what cheese to buy?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Pek çok farklı peynir türü vardır, bu nedenle hangi peynirin satın alınacağına karar vermek kişisel tercihe, bulunabilirliğe ve kullanım amacına bağlıdır. Yıkanmış kabuklu peynirler genellikle güçlü bir aromaya sahiptir ve akıcıdır, bu nedenle ekmek veya krakerlerin üst kısmı olarak en iyisidir. Daha sert peynirler atıştırmalık olarak yenebilir veya makarnanın üzerine rendelenebilir.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'What is the difference between pets and cattle? Reply in German.'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Obwohl beides letztlich Tiere sind, liegt der Hauptunterschied teilweise in der Wahrnehmung und historisch in der Beziehung des Menschen zu bestimmten Tieren. Haustiere, z. B. Hunde, Katzen usw., werden eher als Gesellschaft und nicht als Nahrung genutzt. Im Gegensatz dazu werden Rinder, z. B. Kühe, Schweine, Hühner usw., hauptsächlich zur Nahrungsgewinnung gezüchtet, d. h. für Fleisch, Milch, Eier usw.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'I would like a response in Chinese. Which inventions of the 20th century had the greatest positive impact on human lifespan?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': '很难否认疫苗和抗生素的功效，它们共同限制或消除了世界上大多数地区许多危及生命的疾病，如脊髓灰质炎、肺结核和细菌感染。分娩方式的改善大大降低了产妇和婴儿的发病率。电力和合成肥料也在建立安全、充足的食品供应链方面发挥了关键作用。还有许多其他例子。'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'You, a commercial gym supervisor, are supervising the resistance training area when you hear a lot of clanging noise by the seated leg press machine. You observe a participant not controlling the descent of the weights. You suggest he slowly return the weights rather than letting them drop quickly. A day or two later, he reports that he felt more sore than usual after that workout. What accounts for this? Is it safe for him to exercise today? Please use Russian.'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Он чувствует себя более болезненным, чем обычно, потому что, вероятно, гиря была для него слишком тяжелой, и он не мог должным образом контролировать спуск гири, что привело к перенапряжению во время упражнения. Возможно, ему захочется немного отдохнуть, прежде чем вернуться к обычным тренировкам, поскольку он не хочет получить травму в долгосрочной перспективе. В процессе невыполнения жима ногами сидя должным образом (безопасным образом) он рискует перегрузить свои мышцы и, возможно, даже порвать мышцу или связку в долгосрочной перспективе.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'Response in French only. Classify these as winter or summer sports: beach volleyball, cross country skiing, biathlon, triathlon, kayaking'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'beach-volley : été, ski de fond : hiver, biathlon : hiver, triathlon : été, kayak : été'}], 36 | 'de': [{'role': 'User', 'message': 'Write your answer in Korean. How should I choose what cheese to buy?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': '치즈의 종류는 다양하므로 구매할 치즈를 선택하는 것은 개인 취향, 가용성 및 용도에 따라 다릅니다. 껍질을 씻은 치즈는 맛이 강하고 묽은 경우가 많으므로 빵이나 크래커의 토핑으로 가장 좋습니다. 단단한 치즈는 간식으로 먹거나 파스타 위에 갈아서 먹을 수 있습니다.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'What is the difference between pets and cattle? Reply in Vietnamese.'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Tuy nhiên, mặc dù xét cho cùng thì cả hai đều là động vật, nhưng sự khác biệt chính một phần đến từ hình thức nhận thức và về mặt lịch sử, mối quan hệ của con người với một số loài động vật nhất định. Thú cưng, ví dụ: chó, mèo, v.v., được sử dụng nhiều hơn để làm bạn đồng hành chứ không phải để làm thức ăn. Ngược lại, gia súc, ví dụ. bò, lợn, gà, v.v., chủ yếu được nuôi để lấy thịt, sữa, trứng, v.v.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'I would like a response in French. Which inventions of the 20th century had the greatest positive impact on human lifespan?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Il serait difficile de s’opposer aux vaccinations ou aux antibiotiques, qui se sont combinés pour limiter ou éliminer de nombreuses maladies potentiellement mortelles dans la majeure partie du monde, comme la polio, la tuberculose et les infections bactériennes. L’amélioration des pratiques de travail et d’accouchement a considérablement réduit les taux de morbidité maternelle et infantile. L’électricité et les engrais synthétiques ont également joué un rôle clé dans l’établissement de chaînes d’approvisionnement alimentaire sûres et abondantes. Il existe également de nombreux autres exemples.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'You, a commercial gym supervisor, are supervising the resistance training area when you hear a lot of clanging noise by the seated leg press machine. You observe a participant not controlling the descent of the weights. You suggest he slowly return the weights rather than letting them drop quickly. A day or two later, he reports that he felt more sore than usual after that workout. What accounts for this? Is it safe for him to exercise today? Please use Hindi.'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'उसे सामान्य से ज़्यादा दर्द महसूस हो रहा है क्योंकि संभवतः वजन उसके लिए बहुत ज़्यादा था, और वह वजन को ठीक से नीचे नहीं ला पा रहा था, जिसकी वजह से उसे व्यायाम में बहुत ज़्यादा थकान महसूस हो रही थी। हो सकता है कि वह सामान्य रूप से कसरत करने से पहले थोड़ा और आराम करना चाहे, क्योंकि वह लंबे समय में खुद को चोटिल नहीं करना चाहता। सीटेड लेग प्रेस को ठीक से (सुरक्षित तरीके से) न करने की प्रक्रिया में, वह अपनी मांसपेशियों का ज़रूरत से ज़्यादा इस्तेमाल करने का जोखिम उठाता है, और शायद लंबे समय में मांसपेशी या लिगामेंट को भी फाड़ सकता है।'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'Response in Spanish only. Classify these as winter or summer sports: beach volleyball, cross country skiing, biathlon, triathlon, kayaking'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'voleibol de playa: verano, esquí de fondo: invierno, biatlón: invierno, triatlón: verano, kayak: verano'}], 37 | 'es': [{'role': 'User', 'message': 'Write your answer in Korean. How should I choose what cheese to buy?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': '치즈의 종류는 다양하므로 구매할 치즈를 선택하는 것은 개인 취향, 가용성 및 용도에 따라 다릅니다. 껍질을 씻은 치즈는 맛이 강하고 묽은 경우가 많으므로 빵이나 크래커의 토핑으로 가장 좋습니다. 단단한 치즈는 간식으로 먹거나 파스타 위에 갈아서 먹을 수 있습니다.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'What is the difference between pets and cattle? Reply in Turkish.'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Her ne kadar her ikisi de sonuçta hayvan olsa da, asıl fark kısmen algı biçiminde ve tarihsel olarak insanların belirli hayvanlarla olan ilişkilerinde ortaya çıkıyor. Evcil hayvanlar, ör. köpekler, kediler vb. yiyecek için değil, daha çok arkadaşlık için kullanılır. Aksine, sığırlar, ör. inekler, domuzlar, tavuklar vb. öncelikle yiyecek (et, süt, yumurta vb.) için yetiştirilir.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'I would like a response in Indonesian. Which inventions of the 20th century had the greatest positive impact on human lifespan?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Sulit untuk membantah vaksinasi atau antibiotik, yang secara gabungan dapat membatasi atau menghilangkan banyak penyakit yang mengancam jiwa di sebagian besar dunia, seperti polio, tuberkulosis, dan infeksi bakteri. Peningkatan praktik persalinan dan persalinan telah menurunkan angka kesakitan ibu dan bayi secara signifikan. Listrik dan pupuk sintetis juga berperan penting dalam menciptakan rantai pasok pangan yang aman dan berlimpah. Ada banyak contoh lainnya juga.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'You, a commercial gym supervisor, are supervising the resistance training area when you hear a lot of clanging noise by the seated leg press machine. You observe a participant not controlling the descent of the weights. You suggest he slowly return the weights rather than letting them drop quickly. A day or two later, he reports that he felt more sore than usual after that workout. What accounts for this? Is it safe for him to exercise today? Please use German.'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Er hat mehr Muskelkater als sonst, weil das Gewicht wahrscheinlich zu schwer für ihn war und er den Abstieg der Gewichte nicht richtig kontrollieren konnte, was dazu führte, dass er sich bei der Übung überanstrengte. Er möchte vielleicht noch etwas länger pausieren, bevor er wieder normal trainiert, da er sich auf lange Sicht nicht verletzen möchte. Wenn er die sitzende Beinpresse nicht so ausführt, wie er sollte (auf sichere Weise), riskiert er eine Überbeanspruchung seiner Muskeln und könnte sich auf lange Sicht sogar einen Muskel- oder Bänderriss zuziehen.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'Response in Vietnamese only. Classify these as winter or summer sports: beach volleyball, cross country skiing, biathlon, triathlon, kayaking'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'bóng chuyền bãi biển: mùa hè, trượt tuyết băng đồng: mùa đông, hai môn phối hợp: mùa đông, ba môn phối hợp: mùa hè, chèo thuyền kayak: mùa hè'}], 38 | 'fr': [{'role': 'User', 'message': 'Write your answer in Portuguese. How should I choose what cheese to buy?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Existem muitos tipos diferentes de queijo, portanto, a escolha do queijo comprar depende da preferência pessoal, da disponibilidade e do uso pretendido. Os queijos de casca lavada costumam ter sabor forte e líquido, por isso são melhores como cobertura para pães ou biscoitos. Os queijos mais duros podem ser consumidos como lanche ou ralados em cima da massa.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'What is the difference between pets and cattle? Reply in Arabic.'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'على الرغم من أن كلاهما حيوانات في نهاية المطاف، إلا أن الاختلاف الرئيسي يأتي جزئيًا في شكل الإدراك، وتاريخيًا، في علاقة البشر بحيوانات معينة. الحيوانات الأليفة، على سبيل المثال. تُستخدم الكلاب والقطط وما إلى ذلك أكثر للرفقة وليس للطعام. على العكس من ذلك، الماشية، على سبيل المثال. تتم تربية الأبقار والخنازير والدجاج وما إلى ذلك في المقام الأول من أجل الغذاء، أي اللحوم والحليب والبيض وما إلى ذلك.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'I would like a response in Italian. Which inventions of the 20th century had the greatest positive impact on human lifespan?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Sarebbe difficile opporsi alle vaccinazioni o agli antibiotici, che si sono combinati per limitare o eliminare molte malattie potenzialmente letali in gran parte del mondo, come la poliomielite, la tubercolosi e le infezioni batteriche. Il miglioramento delle pratiche del travaglio e del parto hanno ridotto significativamente i tassi di morbilità materna e infantile. Anche l’elettricità e i fertilizzanti sintetici hanno svolto un ruolo chiave nella creazione di catene di approvvigionamento alimentare sicure e abbondanti. Ci sono anche molti altri esempi.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'You, a commercial gym supervisor, are supervising the resistance training area when you hear a lot of clanging noise by the seated leg press machine. You observe a participant not controlling the descent of the weights. You suggest he slowly return the weights rather than letting them drop quickly. A day or two later, he reports that he felt more sore than usual after that workout. What accounts for this? Is it safe for him to exercise today? Please use Korean.'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': '몸무게가 너무 무거워서 평소보다 몸이 더 아프고, 몸무게 하강을 제대로 조절하지 못해 무리하게 운동을 하게 된 것 같습니다. 그는 장기적으로 부상을 당하고 싶지 않기 때문에 정상적으로 운동에 복귀하기 전에 조금 더 휴식을 취하고 싶을 수도 있습니다. (안전한 방법으로) 앉아서 하는 레그 프레스를 수행하지 않는 과정에서 그는 근육을 과도하게 사용할 위험이 있으며 장기적으로는 근육이나 인대가 찢어질 수도 있습니다.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'Response in Chinese only. Classify these as winter or summer sports: beach volleyball, cross country skiing, biathlon, triathlon, kayaking'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': '沙滩排球：夏季、越野滑雪：冬季、冬季两项：冬季、铁人三项：夏季、皮划艇：夏季'}], 39 | 'hi': [{'role': 'User', 'message': 'Write your answer in Spanish. How should I choose what cheese to buy?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Hay muchos tipos diferentes de queso, por lo que elegir qué queso comprar depende de las preferencias personales, la disponibilidad y el uso previsto. Los quesos de corteza lavada suelen tener un sabor fuerte y son líquidos, por lo que son mejores como aderezo para pan o galletas saladas. Los quesos más duros se pueden comer como refrigerio o rallar sobre pasta.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'What is the difference between pets and cattle? Reply in French.'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': "Bien que les deux soient en fin de compte des animaux, la principale différence réside en partie dans la forme de perception et, historiquement, dans la relation des humains avec certains animaux. Animaux de compagnie, par ex. les chiens, les chats, etc., sont davantage utilisés pour la compagnie que pour la nourriture. Au contraire, le bétail, par ex. les vaches, les porcs, les poulets, etc. sont principalement élevés pour l'alimentation, c'est-à-dire la viande, le lait, les œufs, etc."}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'I would like a response in Turkish. Which inventions of the 20th century had the greatest positive impact on human lifespan?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Dünyanın çoğu yerinde çocuk felci, tüberküloz ve bakteriyel enfeksiyonlar gibi yaşamı tehdit eden birçok hastalığı sınırlamak veya ortadan kaldırmak için bir araya gelen aşılara veya antibiyotiklere karşı çıkmak zor olacaktır. İyileştirilmiş doğum ve doğum uygulamaları anne ve bebek hastalık oranlarını önemli ölçüde azaltmıştır. Elektrik ve sentetik gübreler de güvenli ve bol gıda tedarik zincirlerinin kurulmasında kilit rol oynadı. Başka birçok örnek de var.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'You, a commercial gym supervisor, are supervising the resistance training area when you hear a lot of clanging noise by the seated leg press machine. You observe a participant not controlling the descent of the weights. You suggest he slowly return the weights rather than letting them drop quickly. A day or two later, he reports that he felt more sore than usual after that workout. What accounts for this? Is it safe for him to exercise today? Please use Russian.'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Он чувствует себя более болезненным, чем обычно, потому что, вероятно, гиря была для него слишком тяжелой, и он не мог должным образом контролировать спуск гири, что привело к перенапряжению во время упражнения. Возможно, ему захочется немного отдохнуть, прежде чем вернуться к обычным тренировкам, поскольку он не хочет получить травму в долгосрочной перспективе. В процессе невыполнения жима ногами сидя должным образом (безопасным образом) он рискует перегрузить свои мышцы и, возможно, даже порвать мышцу или связку в долгосрочной перспективе.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'Response in Japanese only. Classify these as winter or summer sports: beach volleyball, cross country skiing, biathlon, triathlon, kayaking'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'ビーチバレー：夏、クロスカントリースキー：冬、バイアスロン：冬、トライアスロン：夏、カヤック：夏'}], 40 | 'id': [{'role': 'User', 'message': 'Write your answer in Italian. How should I choose what cheese to buy?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': "Esistono molti tipi diversi di formaggio, quindi la scelta del formaggio da acquistare dipende dalle preferenze personali, dalla disponibilità e dall'uso previsto. I formaggi a crosta lavata sono spesso fortemente aromatizzati e liquidi, quindi sono ideali come condimento per pane o cracker. I formaggi a pasta dura possono essere consumati come spuntino o grattugiati sulla pasta."}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'What is the difference between pets and cattle? Reply in Korean.'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': '결국 둘 다 동물이지만 주요 차이점은 부분적으로 인식의 형태와 역사적으로 인간과 특정 동물의 관계에 있습니다. 애완동물(예: 개, 고양이 등은 음식보다는 교제를 위해 더 많이 사용됩니다. 반대로, 소, 예를 들어. 소, 돼지, 닭 등은 주로 음식, 즉 고기, 우유, 계란 등을 위해 사육됩니다.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'I would like a response in German. Which inventions of the 20th century had the greatest positive impact on human lifespan?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Gegen Impfungen oder Antibiotika kann man nur schwer argumentieren. Denn sie haben in den meisten Teilen der Welt dazu beigetragen, viele lebensbedrohende Krankheiten wie Polio, Tuberkulose und bakterielle Infektionen einzudämmen oder auszurotten. Verbesserte Geburts- und Entbindungsmethoden haben die Mütter- und Säuglingssterblichkeitsraten deutlich gesenkt. Elektrizität und synthetische Düngemittel haben ebenfalls eine Schlüsselrolle bei der Schaffung sicherer und reichlicher Nahrungsmittelversorgungsketten gespielt. Es gibt noch viele weitere Beispiele.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'You, a commercial gym supervisor, are supervising the resistance training area when you hear a lot of clanging noise by the seated leg press machine. You observe a participant not controlling the descent of the weights. You suggest he slowly return the weights rather than letting them drop quickly. A day or two later, he reports that he felt more sore than usual after that workout. What accounts for this? Is it safe for him to exercise today? Please use French.'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': "Il se sent plus endolori que d'habitude parce que le poids était probablement trop lourd pour lui et qu'il n'était pas en mesure de contrôler correctement la descente des poids, ce qui l'a amené à se surmener pendant l'exercice. Il voudra peut-être se reposer un peu plus longtemps avant de reprendre l'entraînement normalement, car il ne veut pas se blesser à long terme. En n'exécutant pas la presse pour jambes assises comme il le devrait (de manière sûre), il risque de surmener ses muscles, et peut-être même de déchirer un muscle ou un ligament à long terme."}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'Response in Spanish only. Classify these as winter or summer sports: beach volleyball, cross country skiing, biathlon, triathlon, kayaking'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'voleibol de playa: verano, esquí de fondo: invierno, biatlón: invierno, triatlón: verano, kayak: verano'}], 41 | 'it': [{'role': 'User', 'message': 'Write your answer in German. How should I choose what cheese to buy?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Es gibt viele verschiedene Käsesorten. Welchen Käse Sie kaufen, hängt daher von Ihren persönlichen Vorlieben, der Verfügbarkeit und dem Verwendungszweck ab. Käse mit gewaschener Rinde hat oft einen starken Geschmack und ist flüssig, daher eignet er sich am besten als Belag für Brot oder Cracker. Härtere Käsesorten können als Snack gegessen oder über Nudeln gerieben werden.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'What is the difference between pets and cattle? Reply in Arabic.'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'على الرغم من أن كلاهما حيوانات في نهاية المطاف، إلا أن الاختلاف الرئيسي يأتي جزئيًا في شكل الإدراك، وتاريخيًا، في علاقة البشر بحيوانات معينة. الحيوانات الأليفة، على سبيل المثال. تُستخدم الكلاب والقطط وما إلى ذلك أكثر للرفقة وليس للطعام. على العكس من ذلك، الماشية، على سبيل المثال. تتم تربية الأبقار والخنازير والدجاج وما إلى ذلك في المقام الأول من أجل الغذاء، أي اللحوم والحليب والبيض وما إلى ذلك.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'I would like a response in Russian. Which inventions of the 20th century had the greatest positive impact on human lifespan?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Было бы трудно спорить против вакцинации или антибиотиков, которые в совокупности позволили ограничить или устранить многие опасные для жизни заболевания в большей части мира, такие как полиомиелит, туберкулез и бактериальные инфекции. Улучшение практики родов значительно снизило уровень материнской и младенческой заболеваемости. Электричество и синтетические удобрения также сыграли ключевую роль в создании безопасных и обильных цепочек поставок продовольствия. Есть и много других примеров.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'You, a commercial gym supervisor, are supervising the resistance training area when you hear a lot of clanging noise by the seated leg press machine. You observe a participant not controlling the descent of the weights. You suggest he slowly return the weights rather than letting them drop quickly. A day or two later, he reports that he felt more sore than usual after that workout. What accounts for this? Is it safe for him to exercise today? Please use Vietnamese.'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Anh ấy cảm thấy đau nhức hơn bình thường vì có thể khối lượng tạ quá nặng đối với anh ấy và anh ấy không thể kiểm soát độ rơi của tạ một cách hợp lý, khiến anh ấy phải gắng sức quá mức trong bài tập. Anh ấy có thể muốn nghỉ ngơi lâu hơn một chút trước khi trở lại tập luyện như bình thường, vì anh ấy không muốn bị thương về lâu dài. Trong quá trình thực hiện động tác ép chân ngồi không đúng cách (một cách an toàn), anh ta có nguy cơ lạm dụng cơ bắp của mình, thậm chí có thể bị rách cơ hoặc dây chằng về lâu dài.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'Response in Portuguese only. Classify these as winter or summer sports: beach volleyball, cross country skiing, biathlon, triathlon, kayaking'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'vôlei de praia: verão, esqui cross country: inverno, biatlo: inverno, triatlo: verão, caiaque: verão'}], 42 | 'ja': [{'role': 'User', 'message': 'Write your answer in Portuguese. How should I choose what cheese to buy?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Existem muitos tipos diferentes de queijo, portanto, a escolha do queijo comprar depende da preferência pessoal, da disponibilidade e do uso pretendido. Os queijos de casca lavada costumam ter sabor forte e líquido, por isso são melhores como cobertura para pães ou biscoitos. Os queijos mais duros podem ser consumidos como lanche ou ralados em cima da massa.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'What is the difference between pets and cattle? Reply in Vietnamese.'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Tuy nhiên, mặc dù xét cho cùng thì cả hai đều là động vật, nhưng sự khác biệt chính một phần đến từ hình thức nhận thức và về mặt lịch sử, mối quan hệ của con người với một số loài động vật nhất định. Thú cưng, ví dụ: chó, mèo, v.v., được sử dụng nhiều hơn để làm bạn đồng hành chứ không phải để làm thức ăn. Ngược lại, gia súc, ví dụ. bò, lợn, gà, v.v., chủ yếu được nuôi để lấy thịt, sữa, trứng, v.v.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'I would like a response in Arabic. Which inventions of the 20th century had the greatest positive impact on human lifespan?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'سيكون من الصعب الجدال ضد اللقاحات أو المضادات الحيوية، التي تضافرت للحد من العديد من الأمراض التي تهدد الحياة أو القضاء عليها في معظم أنحاء العالم، مثل شلل الأطفال، والسل، والالتهابات البكتيرية. وقد أدى تحسين ممارسات المخاض والولادة إلى خفض معدلات الإصابة بالأمراض بين الأمهات والرضع بشكل كبير. كما لعبت الكهرباء والأسمدة الاصطناعية أدوارا رئيسية في إنشاء سلاسل إمدادات غذائية آمنة ووفيرة. هناك العديد من الأمثلة الأخرى كذلك.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'You, a commercial gym supervisor, are supervising the resistance training area when you hear a lot of clanging noise by the seated leg press machine. You observe a participant not controlling the descent of the weights. You suggest he slowly return the weights rather than letting them drop quickly. A day or two later, he reports that he felt more sore than usual after that workout. What accounts for this? Is it safe for him to exercise today? Please use Indonesian.'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Dia merasa lebih sakit dari biasanya karena kemungkinan bebannya terlalu berat untuknya, dan dia tidak mampu mengontrol penurunan beban dengan baik, sehingga menyebabkan dia terlalu memaksakan diri dalam latihan. Dia mungkin ingin istirahat lebih lama sebelum kembali berolahraga seperti biasa, karena dia tidak ingin melukai dirinya sendiri dalam jangka panjang. Dalam proses melakukan sit leg press sebagaimana mestinya (dengan cara yang aman), ia berisiko menggunakan ototnya secara berlebihan, dan bahkan mungkin merobek otot atau ligamen dalam jangka panjang.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'Response in German only. Classify these as winter or summer sports: beach volleyball, cross country skiing, biathlon, triathlon, kayaking'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Beachvolleyball: Sommer, Langlauf: Winter, Biathlon: Winter, Triathlon: Sommer, Kajak: Sommer'}], 43 | 'ko': [{'role': 'User', 'message': 'Write your answer in Japanese. How should I choose what cheese to buy?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'チーズにはさまざまな種類があるので、どのチーズを買うかは個人の好み、入手のしやすさ、用途によって異なります。ウォッシュド リンド チーズは風味が強く、とろみがあるため、パンやクラッカーのトッピングに最適です。より硬いチーズはスナックとして食べたり、パスタの上にすりおろして乗せたりできます。'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'What is the difference between pets and cattle? Reply in Chinese.'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': '虽然归根结底两者都是动物，但主要区别部分在于感知，以及历史上人类与某些动物的关系。宠物，例如狗、猫等，更多是用来陪伴而不是用来吃。相反，牛、猪、鸡等牲畜主要是为了吃肉、喝奶、吃蛋等而饲养的。'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'I would like a response in Indonesian. Which inventions of the 20th century had the greatest positive impact on human lifespan?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Sulit untuk membantah vaksinasi atau antibiotik, yang secara gabungan dapat membatasi atau menghilangkan banyak penyakit yang mengancam jiwa di sebagian besar dunia, seperti polio, tuberkulosis, dan infeksi bakteri. Peningkatan praktik persalinan dan persalinan telah menurunkan angka kesakitan ibu dan bayi secara signifikan. Listrik dan pupuk sintetis juga berperan penting dalam menciptakan rantai pasok pangan yang aman dan berlimpah. Ada banyak contoh lainnya juga.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'You, a commercial gym supervisor, are supervising the resistance training area when you hear a lot of clanging noise by the seated leg press machine. You observe a participant not controlling the descent of the weights. You suggest he slowly return the weights rather than letting them drop quickly. A day or two later, he reports that he felt more sore than usual after that workout. What accounts for this? Is it safe for him to exercise today? Please use French.'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': "Il se sent plus endolori que d'habitude parce que le poids était probablement trop lourd pour lui et qu'il n'était pas en mesure de contrôler correctement la descente des poids, ce qui l'a amené à se surmener pendant l'exercice. Il voudra peut-être se reposer un peu plus longtemps avant de reprendre l'entraînement normalement, car il ne veut pas se blesser à long terme. En n'exécutant pas la presse pour jambes assises comme il le devrait (de manière sûre), il risque de surmener ses muscles, et peut-être même de déchirer un muscle ou un ligament à long terme."}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'Response in Hindi only. Classify these as winter or summer sports: beach volleyball, cross country skiing, biathlon, triathlon, kayaking'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'बीच वॉलीबॉल: ग्रीष्म, क्रॉस कंट्री स्कीइंग: शीत, बायथलॉन: शीत, ट्रायथलॉन: ग्रीष्म, कयाकिंग: ग्रीष्म'}], 44 | 'pt': [{'role': 'User', 'message': 'Write your answer in Vietnamese. How should I choose what cheese to buy?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Có nhiều loại phô mai khác nhau, vì vậy việc chọn mua loại phô mai nào tùy thuộc vào sở thích cá nhân, tình trạng sẵn có và mục đích sử dụng. Phô mai rửa sạch thường có hương vị đậm đà và lỏng nên tốt nhất là dùng làm lớp phủ cho bánh mì hoặc bánh quy giòn. Phô mai cứng hơn có thể được ăn như một món ăn nhẹ hoặc rắc lên trên mì ống.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'What is the difference between pets and cattle? Reply in Korean.'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': '결국 둘 다 동물이지만 주요 차이점은 부분적으로 인식의 형태와 역사적으로 인간과 특정 동물의 관계에 있습니다. 애완동물(예: 개, 고양이 등은 음식보다는 교제를 위해 더 많이 사용됩니다. 반대로, 소, 예를 들어. 소, 돼지, 닭 등은 주로 음식, 즉 고기, 우유, 계란 등을 위해 사육됩니다.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'I would like a response in Turkish. Which inventions of the 20th century had the greatest positive impact on human lifespan?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Dünyanın çoğu yerinde çocuk felci, tüberküloz ve bakteriyel enfeksiyonlar gibi yaşamı tehdit eden birçok hastalığı sınırlamak veya ortadan kaldırmak için bir araya gelen aşılara veya antibiyotiklere karşı çıkmak zor olacaktır. İyileştirilmiş doğum ve doğum uygulamaları anne ve bebek hastalık oranlarını önemli ölçüde azaltmıştır. Elektrik ve sentetik gübreler de güvenli ve bol gıda tedarik zincirlerinin kurulmasında kilit rol oynadı. Başka birçok örnek de var.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'You, a commercial gym supervisor, are supervising the resistance training area when you hear a lot of clanging noise by the seated leg press machine. You observe a participant not controlling the descent of the weights. You suggest he slowly return the weights rather than letting them drop quickly. A day or two later, he reports that he felt more sore than usual after that workout. What accounts for this? Is it safe for him to exercise today? Please use Italian.'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': "Si sente più dolorante del solito perché probabilmente il peso era troppo pesante per lui e non era in grado di controllare adeguatamente la discesa dei pesi, portandolo a sforzarsi eccessivamente nell'esercizio. Potrebbe voler riposare un po' più a lungo prima di tornare ad allenarsi normalmente, poiché non vuole ferirsi a lungo termine. Se non esegue il leg press da seduto come dovrebbe (in modo sicuro), rischia di abusare dei suoi muscoli e forse anche di strappare un muscolo o un legamento a lungo termine."}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'Response in Russian only. Classify these as winter or summer sports: beach volleyball, cross country skiing, biathlon, triathlon, kayaking'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'пляжный волейбол: лето, беговые лыжи: зима, биатлон: зима, триатлон: лето, каякинг: лето'}], 45 | 'ru': [{'role': 'User', 'message': 'Write your answer in Spanish. How should I choose what cheese to buy?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Hay muchos tipos diferentes de queso, por lo que elegir qué queso comprar depende de las preferencias personales, la disponibilidad y el uso previsto. Los quesos de corteza lavada suelen tener un sabor fuerte y son líquidos, por lo que son mejores como aderezo para pan o galletas saladas. Los quesos más duros se pueden comer como refrigerio o rallar sobre pasta.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'What is the difference between pets and cattle? Reply in German.'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Obwohl beides letztlich Tiere sind, liegt der Hauptunterschied teilweise in der Wahrnehmung und historisch in der Beziehung des Menschen zu bestimmten Tieren. Haustiere, z. B. Hunde, Katzen usw., werden eher als Gesellschaft und nicht als Nahrung genutzt. Im Gegensatz dazu werden Rinder, z. B. Kühe, Schweine, Hühner usw., hauptsächlich zur Nahrungsgewinnung gezüchtet, d. h. für Fleisch, Milch, Eier usw.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'I would like a response in Chinese. Which inventions of the 20th century had the greatest positive impact on human lifespan?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': '很难否认疫苗和抗生素的功效，它们共同限制或消除了世界上大多数地区许多危及生命的疾病，如脊髓灰质炎、肺结核和细菌感染。分娩方式的改善大大降低了产妇和婴儿的发病率。电力和合成肥料也在建立安全、充足的食品供应链方面发挥了关键作用。还有许多其他例子。'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'You, a commercial gym supervisor, are supervising the resistance training area when you hear a lot of clanging noise by the seated leg press machine. You observe a participant not controlling the descent of the weights. You suggest he slowly return the weights rather than letting them drop quickly. A day or two later, he reports that he felt more sore than usual after that workout. What accounts for this? Is it safe for him to exercise today? Please use Indonesian.'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Dia merasa lebih sakit dari biasanya karena kemungkinan bebannya terlalu berat untuknya, dan dia tidak mampu mengontrol penurunan beban dengan baik, sehingga menyebabkan dia terlalu memaksakan diri dalam latihan. Dia mungkin ingin istirahat lebih lama sebelum kembali berolahraga seperti biasa, karena dia tidak ingin melukai dirinya sendiri dalam jangka panjang. Dalam proses melakukan sit leg press sebagaimana mestinya (dengan cara yang aman), ia berisiko menggunakan ototnya secara berlebihan, dan bahkan mungkin merobek otot atau ligamen dalam jangka panjang.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'Response in Korean only. Classify these as winter or summer sports: beach volleyball, cross country skiing, biathlon, triathlon, kayaking'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': '비치발리볼: 여름, 크로스컨트리 스키: 겨울, 바이애슬론: 겨울, 트라이애슬론: 여름, 카약: 여름'}], 46 | 'tr': [{'role': 'User', 'message': 'Write your answer in Russian. How should I choose what cheese to buy?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Существует много разных видов сыра, поэтому выбор того, какой сыр купить, зависит от личных предпочтений, доступности и предполагаемого использования. Сыры с промытой коркой часто имеют сильный вкус и жидкие, поэтому их лучше всего использовать в качестве начинки для хлеба или крекеров. Твердые сыры можно есть в качестве закуски или натереть на терке поверх макарон.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'What is the difference between pets and cattle? Reply in German.'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Obwohl beides letztlich Tiere sind, liegt der Hauptunterschied teilweise in der Wahrnehmung und historisch in der Beziehung des Menschen zu bestimmten Tieren. Haustiere, z. B. Hunde, Katzen usw., werden eher als Gesellschaft und nicht als Nahrung genutzt. Im Gegensatz dazu werden Rinder, z. B. Kühe, Schweine, Hühner usw., hauptsächlich zur Nahrungsgewinnung gezüchtet, d. h. für Fleisch, Milch, Eier usw.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'I would like a response in Hindi. Which inventions of the 20th century had the greatest positive impact on human lifespan?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'टीकाकरण या एंटीबायोटिक दवाओं के खिलाफ बहस करना कठिन होगा, जिन्होंने मिलकर दुनिया भर में पोलियो, तपेदिक और जीवाणु संक्रमण जैसी कई जानलेवा बीमारियों को सीमित या खत्म कर दिया है। बेहतर श्रम और प्रसव प्रथाओं ने मातृ और शिशु रुग्णता दरों में काफी कमी की है। बिजली और सिंथेटिक उर्वरकों ने भी सुरक्षित और भरपूर खाद्य आपूर्ति श्रृंखला स्थापित करने में महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका निभाई है। इसके अलावा भी कई अन्य उदाहरण हैं।'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'You, a commercial gym supervisor, are supervising the resistance training area when you hear a lot of clanging noise by the seated leg press machine. You observe a participant not controlling the descent of the weights. You suggest he slowly return the weights rather than letting them drop quickly. A day or two later, he reports that he felt more sore than usual after that workout. What accounts for this? Is it safe for him to exercise today? Please use Indonesian.'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Dia merasa lebih sakit dari biasanya karena kemungkinan bebannya terlalu berat untuknya, dan dia tidak mampu mengontrol penurunan beban dengan baik, sehingga menyebabkan dia terlalu memaksakan diri dalam latihan. Dia mungkin ingin istirahat lebih lama sebelum kembali berolahraga seperti biasa, karena dia tidak ingin melukai dirinya sendiri dalam jangka panjang. Dalam proses melakukan sit leg press sebagaimana mestinya (dengan cara yang aman), ia berisiko menggunakan ototnya secara berlebihan, dan bahkan mungkin merobek otot atau ligamen dalam jangka panjang.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'Response in Japanese only. Classify these as winter or summer sports: beach volleyball, cross country skiing, biathlon, triathlon, kayaking'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'ビーチバレー：夏、クロスカントリースキー：冬、バイアスロン：冬、トライアスロン：夏、カヤック：夏'}], 47 | 'vi': [{'role': 'User', 'message': 'Write your answer in Italian. How should I choose what cheese to buy?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': "Esistono molti tipi diversi di formaggio, quindi la scelta del formaggio da acquistare dipende dalle preferenze personali, dalla disponibilità e dall'uso previsto. I formaggi a crosta lavata sono spesso fortemente aromatizzati e liquidi, quindi sono ideali come condimento per pane o cracker. I formaggi a pasta dura possono essere consumati come spuntino o grattugiati sulla pasta."}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'What is the difference between pets and cattle? Reply in Portuguese.'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Embora ambos sejam animais no final das contas, a principal diferença está parcialmente na forma de percepção e, historicamente, na relação dos humanos com certos animais. Animais de estimação, por ex. cães, gatos, etc., são mais utilizados para companhia e não para alimentação. Pelo contrário, o gado, e. vacas, porcos, galinhas, etc., são criados principalmente para alimentação, ou seja, carne, leite, ovos, etc.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'I would like a response in Arabic. Which inventions of the 20th century had the greatest positive impact on human lifespan?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'سيكون من الصعب الجدال ضد اللقاحات أو المضادات الحيوية، التي تضافرت للحد من العديد من الأمراض التي تهدد الحياة أو القضاء عليها في معظم أنحاء العالم، مثل شلل الأطفال، والسل، والالتهابات البكتيرية. وقد أدى تحسين ممارسات المخاض والولادة إلى خفض معدلات الإصابة بالأمراض بين الأمهات والرضع بشكل كبير. كما لعبت الكهرباء والأسمدة الاصطناعية أدوارا رئيسية في إنشاء سلاسل إمدادات غذائية آمنة ووفيرة. هناك العديد من الأمثلة الأخرى كذلك.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'You, a commercial gym supervisor, are supervising the resistance training area when you hear a lot of clanging noise by the seated leg press machine. You observe a participant not controlling the descent of the weights. You suggest he slowly return the weights rather than letting them drop quickly. A day or two later, he reports that he felt more sore than usual after that workout. What accounts for this? Is it safe for him to exercise today? Please use Russian.'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Он чувствует себя более болезненным, чем обычно, потому что, вероятно, гиря была для него слишком тяжелой, и он не мог должным образом контролировать спуск гири, что привело к перенапряжению во время упражнения. Возможно, ему захочется немного отдохнуть, прежде чем вернуться к обычным тренировкам, поскольку он не хочет получить травму в долгосрочной перспективе. В процессе невыполнения жима ногами сидя должным образом (безопасным образом) он рискует перегрузить свои мышцы и, возможно, даже порвать мышцу или связку в долгосрочной перспективе.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'Response in French only. Classify these as winter or summer sports: beach volleyball, cross country skiing, biathlon, triathlon, kayaking'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'beach-volley : été, ski de fond : hiver, biathlon : hiver, triathlon : été, kayak : été'}], 48 | 'zh': [{'role': 'User', 'message': 'Write your answer in French. How should I choose what cheese to buy?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': "Il existe de nombreux types de fromages différents, donc le choix du fromage à acheter dépend des préférences personnelles, de la disponibilité et de l'utilisation prévue. Les fromages à croûte lavée sont souvent très parfumés et coulants et conviennent donc mieux comme garniture sur du pain ou des craquelins. Les fromages plus durs peuvent être consommés en collation ou râpés sur des pâtes."}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'What is the difference between pets and cattle? Reply in Portuguese.'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Embora ambos sejam animais no final das contas, a principal diferença está parcialmente na forma de percepção e, historicamente, na relação dos humanos com certos animais. Animais de estimação, por ex. cães, gatos, etc., são mais utilizados para companhia e não para alimentação. Pelo contrário, o gado, e. vacas, porcos, galinhas, etc., são criados principalmente para alimentação, ou seja, carne, leite, ovos, etc.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'I would like a response in Spanish. Which inventions of the 20th century had the greatest positive impact on human lifespan?'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'Sería difícil argumentar en contra de las vacunas o los antibióticos, que se han combinado para limitar o eliminar muchas enfermedades potencialmente mortales en la mayor parte del mundo, como la polio, la tuberculosis y las infecciones bacterianas. Las mejores prácticas de parto y parto han reducido significativamente las tasas de morbilidad materna e infantil. La electricidad y los fertilizantes sintéticos también han desempeñado un papel clave en el establecimiento de cadenas de suministro de alimentos seguras y abundantes. Hay muchos otros ejemplos también.'}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'You, a commercial gym supervisor, are supervising the resistance training area when you hear a lot of clanging noise by the seated leg press machine. You observe a participant not controlling the descent of the weights. You suggest he slowly return the weights rather than letting them drop quickly. A day or two later, he reports that he felt more sore than usual after that workout. What accounts for this? Is it safe for him to exercise today? Please use Italian.'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': "Si sente più dolorante del solito perché probabilmente il peso era troppo pesante per lui e non era in grado di controllare adeguatamente la discesa dei pesi, portandolo a sforzarsi eccessivamente nell'esercizio. Potrebbe voler riposare un po' più a lungo prima di tornare ad allenarsi normalmente, poiché non vuole ferirsi a lungo termine. Se non esegue il leg press da seduto come dovrebbe (in modo sicuro), rischia di abusare dei suoi muscoli e forse anche di strappare un muscolo o un legamento a lungo termine."}, {'role': 'User', 'message': 'Response in Turkish only. Classify these as winter or summer sports: beach volleyball, cross country skiing, biathlon, triathlon, kayaking'}, {'role': 'Chatbot', 'message': 'plaj voleybolu: yaz, kros kayağı: kış, biatlon: kış, triatlon: yaz, kano: yaz'}], 49 | } 50 | 51 | def turns_to_prompt(turns: list[dict]) -> str: 52 | """ 53 | Convert a multi-turn conversation into a single string prompt compatible with a base model, for instance: 54 | 55 | ``` 56 | Q: Hello, how are you? 57 | A: I'm fine and you? 58 | 59 | Q: How much is 1+1? 60 | A: 61 | ``` 62 | """ 63 | prompt = '' 64 | for turn in turns: 65 | role = turn['role'] 66 | msg = turn['message'] 67 | if role == 'User': 68 | prompt += f'Q: {msg}\n' 69 | elif role == 'Chatbot': 70 | prompt += f'A: {msg}\n\n' 71 | if role == 'User': 72 | prompt += 'A:' 73 | return prompt.strip('\n') 74 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------