├── .gitignore
├── LICENSE
├── Lora-TTNMapper-T-Beam.ino
├── README.md
├── device_config.h
├── gps.cpp
└── gps.h
/.gitignore:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | # Prerequisites
2 | *.d
3 |
4 | # Object files
5 | *.o
6 | *.ko
7 | *.obj
8 | *.elf
9 |
10 | # Linker output
11 | *.ilk
12 | *.map
13 | *.exp
14 |
15 | # Precompiled Headers
16 | *.gch
17 | *.pch
18 |
19 | # Libraries
20 | *.lib
21 | *.a
22 | *.la
23 | *.lo
24 |
25 | # Shared objects (inc. Windows DLLs)
26 | *.dll
27 | *.so
28 | *.so.*
29 | *.dylib
30 |
31 | # Executables
32 | *.exe
33 | *.out
34 | *.app
35 | *.i*86
36 | *.x86_64
37 | *.hex
38 |
39 | # Debug files
40 | *.dSYM/
41 | *.su
42 | *.idb
43 | *.pdb
44 |
45 | # Kernel Module Compile Results
46 | *.mod*
47 | *.cmd
48 | .tmp_versions/
49 | modules.order
50 | Module.symvers
51 | Mkfile.old
52 | dkms.conf
53 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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674 | .
675 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/Lora-TTNMapper-T-Beam.ino:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | // If you are in USA on a 915Mhz network instead of an european / 868 Mhz one,
2 | // you MUST modify the arduino lmic library "config.h" to enable CFG_us915 instead of CFG_eu868.
3 | // That "config.h" should be in the same folder as the "lmic.h" file in your arduino folders.
4 | #include
5 | #include
6 |
7 | // UPDATE our "device_config.h" file in the same folder WITH YOUR TTN KEYS AND ADDR.
8 | #include "device_config.h"
9 | #include "gps.h"
10 |
11 | #include
12 | #include
13 |
14 | // T-Beam specific hardware
15 | #undef BUILTIN_LED
16 | #define BUILTIN_LED 21
17 |
18 | char s[32]; // used to sprintf for Serial output
19 | uint8_t txBuffer[9];
20 | gps gps;
21 | static osjob_t sendjob;
22 |
23 | // Those variables keep their values after software restart or wakeup from sleep, not after power loss or hard reset !
24 | RTC_NOINIT_ATTR int RTCseqnoUp, RTCseqnoDn;
25 | #ifdef USE_OTAA
26 | RTC_NOINIT_ATTR u4_t otaaDevAddr;
27 | RTC_NOINIT_ATTR u1_t otaaNetwKey[16];
28 | RTC_NOINIT_ATTR u1_t otaaApRtKey[16];
29 | #endif
30 |
31 | // Schedule TX every this many seconds (might become longer due to duty cycle limitations).
32 | const unsigned TX_INTERVAL = 120;
33 |
34 | // Pin mapping for TBeams, might not suit the latest version > 1.0 ?
35 | const lmic_pinmap lmic_pins = {
36 | .nss = 18,
37 | .rxtx = LMIC_UNUSED_PIN,
38 | .rst = LMIC_UNUSED_PIN, // was "14,"
39 | .dio = {26, 33, 32},
40 | };
41 |
42 | // These callbacks are only used in over-the-air activation.
43 | #ifdef USE_OTAA
44 | void os_getDevEui (u1_t* buf) { memcpy_P(buf, DEVEUI, 8);}
45 | void os_getArtEui (u1_t* buf) { memcpy_P(buf, APPEUI, 8);}
46 | void os_getDevKey (u1_t* buf) { memcpy_P(buf, APPKEY, 16);}
47 | #else
48 | void os_getArtEui (u1_t* buf) { }
49 | void os_getDevEui (u1_t* buf) { }
50 | void os_getDevKey (u1_t* buf) { }
51 | #endif
52 |
53 | void storeFrameCounters()
54 | {
55 | RTCseqnoUp = LMIC.seqnoUp;
56 | RTCseqnoDn = LMIC.seqnoDn;
57 | sprintf(s, "Counters stored as %d/%d", LMIC.seqnoUp, LMIC.seqnoDn);
58 | Serial.println(s);
59 | }
60 |
61 | void restoreFrameCounters()
62 | {
63 | LMIC.seqnoUp = RTCseqnoUp;
64 | LMIC.seqnoDn = RTCseqnoDn;
65 | sprintf(s, "Restored counters as %d/%d", LMIC.seqnoUp, LMIC.seqnoDn);
66 | Serial.println(s);
67 | }
68 |
69 | void setOrRestorePersistentCounters()
70 | {
71 | esp_reset_reason_t reason = esp_reset_reason();
72 | if ((reason != ESP_RST_DEEPSLEEP) && (reason != ESP_RST_SW))
73 | {
74 | Serial.println(F("Counters both set to 0"));
75 | LMIC.seqnoUp = 0;
76 | LMIC.seqnoDn = 0;
77 | }
78 | else
79 | {
80 | restoreFrameCounters();
81 | }
82 | }
83 |
84 | void onEvent (ev_t ev) {
85 | switch (ev) {
86 | case EV_SCAN_TIMEOUT:
87 | Serial.println(F("EV_SCAN_TIMEOUT"));
88 | break;
89 | case EV_BEACON_FOUND:
90 | Serial.println(F("EV_BEACON_FOUND"));
91 | break;
92 | case EV_BEACON_MISSED:
93 | Serial.println(F("EV_BEACON_MISSED"));
94 | break;
95 | case EV_BEACON_TRACKED:
96 | Serial.println(F("EV_BEACON_TRACKED"));
97 | break;
98 | case EV_JOINING:
99 | Serial.println(F("EV_JOINING"));
100 | break;
101 | case EV_JOINED:
102 | Serial.println(F("EV_JOINED"));
103 | #ifdef USE_OTAA
104 | otaaDevAddr = LMIC.devaddr;
105 | memcpy_P(otaaNetwKey, LMIC.nwkKey, 16);
106 | memcpy_P(otaaApRtKey, LMIC.artKey, 16);
107 | sprintf(s, "got devaddr = 0x%X", LMIC.devaddr);
108 | Serial.println(s);
109 | #endif
110 | // Disable link check validation (automatically enabled
111 | // during join, but not supported by TTN at this time).
112 | LMIC_setLinkCheckMode(0);
113 | // TTN uses SF9 for its RX2 window.
114 | LMIC.dn2Dr = DR_SF9;
115 | break;
116 | case EV_RFU1:
117 | Serial.println(F("EV_RFU1"));
118 | break;
119 | case EV_JOIN_FAILED:
120 | Serial.println(F("EV_JOIN_FAILED"));
121 | break;
122 | case EV_REJOIN_FAILED:
123 | Serial.println(F("EV_REJOIN_FAILED"));
124 | break;
125 | case EV_TXCOMPLETE:
126 | Serial.println(F("EV_TXCOMPLETE (includes waiting for RX windows)"));
127 | digitalWrite(BUILTIN_LED, LOW);
128 | if (LMIC.txrxFlags & TXRX_ACK) {
129 | Serial.println(F("Received Ack"));
130 | }
131 | if (LMIC.dataLen) {
132 | sprintf(s, "Received %i bytes of payload", LMIC.dataLen);
133 | Serial.println(s);
134 | sprintf(s, "RSSI %d SNR %.1d", LMIC.rssi, LMIC.snr);
135 | Serial.println(s);
136 | }
137 | storeFrameCounters();
138 | // Schedule next transmission
139 | Serial.println("Good night...");
140 | esp_sleep_enable_timer_wakeup(TX_INTERVAL*1000000);
141 | esp_deep_sleep_start();
142 | do_send(&sendjob);
143 | break;
144 | case EV_LOST_TSYNC:
145 | Serial.println(F("EV_LOST_TSYNC"));
146 | break;
147 | case EV_RESET:
148 | Serial.println(F("EV_RESET"));
149 | break;
150 | case EV_RXCOMPLETE:
151 | // data received in ping slot
152 | Serial.println(F("EV_RXCOMPLETE"));
153 | break;
154 | case EV_LINK_DEAD:
155 | Serial.println(F("EV_LINK_DEAD"));
156 | break;
157 | case EV_LINK_ALIVE:
158 | Serial.println(F("EV_LINK_ALIVE"));
159 | break;
160 | default:
161 | Serial.println(F("Unknown event"));
162 | break;
163 | }
164 | }
165 |
166 | void do_send(osjob_t* j) {
167 |
168 | // Check if there is not a current TX/RX job running
169 | if (LMIC.opmode & OP_TXRXPEND)
170 | {
171 | Serial.println(F("OP_TXRXPEND, not sending"));
172 | }
173 | else
174 | {
175 | if (gps.checkGpsFix())
176 | {
177 | // Prepare upstream data transmission at the next possible time.
178 | gps.buildPacket(txBuffer);
179 | LMIC_setTxData2(1, txBuffer, sizeof(txBuffer), 0);
180 | Serial.println(F("Packet queued"));
181 | digitalWrite(BUILTIN_LED, HIGH);
182 | }
183 | else
184 | {
185 | //try again in 3 seconds
186 | os_setTimedCallback(&sendjob, os_getTime() + sec2osticks(3), do_send);
187 | }
188 | }
189 | // Next TX is scheduled after TX_COMPLETE event.
190 | }
191 |
192 | void setup() {
193 | Serial.begin(115200);
194 | Serial.println(F("TTN Mapper"));
195 |
196 | //Turn off WiFi and Bluetooth
197 | WiFi.mode(WIFI_OFF);
198 | btStop();
199 | gps.init();
200 |
201 | // LMIC init
202 | os_init();
203 | // Reset the MAC state. Session and pending data transfers will be discarded.
204 | LMIC_reset();
205 |
206 |
207 | #ifdef USE_OTAA
208 | esp_reset_reason_t reason = esp_reset_reason();
209 | if ((reason == ESP_RST_DEEPSLEEP) || (reason == ESP_RST_SW))
210 | {
211 | LMIC_setSession(0x1, otaaDevAddr, otaaNetwKey, otaaApRtKey);
212 | }
213 | #else // ABP
214 | LMIC_setSession (0x1, DEVADDR, NWKSKEY, APPSKEY);
215 |
216 | // TTN uses SF9 for its RX2 window.
217 | LMIC.dn2Dr = DR_SF9;
218 |
219 | // Disable link check validation
220 | LMIC_setLinkCheckMode(0);
221 | #endif
222 |
223 | // This must be done AFTER calling LMIC_setSession !
224 | setOrRestorePersistentCounters();
225 |
226 | #ifdef CFG_eu868
227 | LMIC_setupChannel(0, 868100000, DR_RANGE_MAP(DR_SF12, DR_SF7), BAND_CENTI); // g-band
228 | LMIC_setupChannel(1, 868300000, DR_RANGE_MAP(DR_SF12, DR_SF7B), BAND_CENTI); // g-band
229 | LMIC_setupChannel(2, 868500000, DR_RANGE_MAP(DR_SF12, DR_SF7), BAND_CENTI); // g-band
230 | LMIC_setupChannel(3, 867100000, DR_RANGE_MAP(DR_SF12, DR_SF7), BAND_CENTI); // g-band
231 | LMIC_setupChannel(4, 867300000, DR_RANGE_MAP(DR_SF12, DR_SF7), BAND_CENTI); // g-band
232 | LMIC_setupChannel(5, 867500000, DR_RANGE_MAP(DR_SF12, DR_SF7), BAND_CENTI); // g-band
233 | LMIC_setupChannel(6, 867700000, DR_RANGE_MAP(DR_SF12, DR_SF7), BAND_CENTI); // g-band
234 | LMIC_setupChannel(7, 867900000, DR_RANGE_MAP(DR_SF12, DR_SF7), BAND_CENTI); // g-band
235 | LMIC_setupChannel(8, 868800000, DR_RANGE_MAP(DR_FSK, DR_FSK), BAND_MILLI); // g2-band
236 | #endif
237 |
238 | #ifdef CFG_us915
239 | LMIC_selectSubBand(1);
240 |
241 | //Disable FSB2-8, channels 16-72
242 | for (int i = 16; i < 73; i++) {
243 | if (i != 10)
244 | LMIC_disableChannel(i);
245 | }
246 | #endif
247 |
248 | // Set data rate and transmit power for uplink (note: txpow seems to be ignored by the library)
249 | LMIC_setDrTxpow(DR_SF7,14);
250 |
251 | do_send(&sendjob);
252 | pinMode(BUILTIN_LED, OUTPUT);
253 | digitalWrite(BUILTIN_LED, LOW);
254 |
255 | }
256 |
257 | void loop() {
258 | os_runloop_once();
259 | }
260 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/README.md:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | ## Intro
2 |
3 | This is a simple sketch demonstrating the capability of the [TTGO T-Beam](https://www.aliexpress.com/store/product/TTGO-T-Beam-ESP32-433-868-915Mhz-WiFi-wireless-Bluetooth-Module-ESP-32-GPS-NEO-6M/2090076_32875743018.html) as a [TTN Mapper](https://ttnmapper.org/) Node on [The Things Network](https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/) LoraWAN.
4 |
5 | Derived from [sbiermann/Lora-TTNMapper-ESP32](https://github.com/sbiermann/Lora-TTNMapper-ESP32) and with some information/inspiration from [cyberman54/ESP32-Paxcounter](https://github.com/cyberman54/ESP32-Paxcounter) and [Edzelf/LoRa](https://github.com/Edzelf/LoRa).
6 |
7 | ## Software dependencies
8 |
9 | Arduino IDE [ESP32 extension](https://github.com/espressif/arduino-esp32)
10 |
11 | [TinyGPS++](http://arduiniana.org/libraries/tinygpsplus/)
12 |
13 | [LMIC-Arduino](https://github.com/matthijskooijman/arduino-lmic) : Make sure to get the last version - *1.5.0+arduino-2* currently - because the arduino IDE library updater is getting confused by the versioning scheme of that library.
14 | If you are on a 915 Mhz - ie USA - network you must modify the lmic library "config.h" file accordingly !
15 |
16 | ## Instructions
17 |
18 | *Only on the oldest versions of the board* you need to connect the [T-Beam](https://github.com/LilyGO/TTGO-T-Beam) DIO1 pin marked *Lora1* to the *pin 33* - So that the ESP32 can read that output from the Lora module.
19 | Optionally you can also connect the *Lora2* output to *GPIO 32*, but this is not needed here.
20 |
21 | You can program the T-Beam using the [Arduino ESP32](https://github.com/espressif/arduino-esp32) board 'T-Beam'.
22 |
23 | On The Things Network side, the settings needed are available [here](https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/applications/ttnmapper/).
24 |
25 | Configure the Payload decoder for TTNv2 with:
26 | ```javascript
27 | function Decoder(bytes, port) {
28 | var decoded = {};
29 |
30 | decoded.latitude = ((bytes[0]<<16)>>>0) + ((bytes[1]<<8)>>>0) + bytes[2];
31 | decoded.latitude = (decoded.latitude / 16777215.0 * 180) - 90;
32 |
33 | decoded.longitude = ((bytes[3]<<16)>>>0) + ((bytes[4]<<8)>>>0) + bytes[5];
34 | decoded.longitude = (decoded.longitude / 16777215.0 * 360) - 180;
35 |
36 | var altValue = ((bytes[6]<<8)>>>0) + bytes[7];
37 | var sign = bytes[6] & (1 << 7);
38 | if(sign)
39 | {
40 | decoded.altitude = 0xFFFF0000 | altValue;
41 | }
42 | else
43 | {
44 | decoded.altitude = altValue;
45 | }
46 |
47 | decoded.hdop = bytes[8] / 10.0;
48 |
49 | return decoded;
50 | }
51 | ```
52 |
53 | For TTNv3 you can use the following function:
54 | ```javascript
55 | function decodeUplink(input) {
56 | var decoded = {};
57 |
58 | decoded.latitude = ((input.bytes[0]<<16)>>>0) + ((input.bytes[1]<<8)>>>0) + input.bytes[2];
59 | decoded.latitude = (decoded.latitude / 16777215.0 * 180) - 90;
60 |
61 | decoded.longitude = ((input.bytes[3]<<16)>>>0) + ((input.bytes[4]<<8)>>>0) + input.bytes[5];
62 | decoded.longitude = (decoded.longitude / 16777215.0 * 360) - 180;
63 |
64 | var altValue = ((input.bytes[6]<<8)>>>0) + input.bytes[7];
65 | var sign = input.bytes[6] & (1 << 7);
66 | if(sign)
67 | {
68 | decoded.altitude = 0xFFFF0000 | altValue;
69 | }
70 | else
71 | {
72 | decoded.altitude = altValue;
73 | }
74 |
75 | decoded.hdop = input.bytes[8] / 10.0;
76 |
77 | return {
78 | data: decoded
79 | }
80 | }
81 | ```
82 |
83 | Let me know if more detailed instructions are needed.
84 |
85 | ## Todolist
86 |
87 | * Switch to [the maintained version](https://github.com/mcci-catena/arduino-lmic) of the arduino-lmic library.
88 | * Manage and document the different T-Beam revisions/versions.
89 | * Save and reload the frame counter somewhere - GPS RTC data ? SPIFFS ? EEPROM ? - so I can check the "Frame Counter Checks" box as recommended on TTN. <== counter is stored in slow RTC memory so it's kept after deep sleep, thanks to [@christianwicke](https://github.com/christianwicke) - Still investigating the GPS module Battery Backed RAM for saving after power off.
90 | * Also save the GPS 'status' so that on next boot it gets a fix faster.
91 | * Adapt the data send frequency based on current velocity : When not moving, an update per hour should be enough.
92 |
93 | Let me know if you think anything else would make sense for a TTN mapper node : Open an issue, I will consider it.
94 |
95 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/device_config.h:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | #pragma once
2 |
3 |
4 | // uncomment to use OTAA instead of ABP
5 | //#define USE_OTAA 1
6 |
7 |
8 | // UPDATE WITH YOUR DEVICE TTN SECRETS
9 | #ifdef USE_OTAA
10 | static PROGMEM u1_t DEVEUI[8] = { 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 }; // Device EUI, hex, lsb
11 | static PROGMEM u1_t APPEUI[8] = { 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 }; // Application EUI, hex, lsb
12 | static PROGMEM u1_t APPKEY[16] = { 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 }; // App Key, hex, msb
13 | #else
14 | static PROGMEM u1_t NWKSKEY[16] = { 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 }; // LoRaWAN NwkSKey, network session key, hex, msb
15 | static PROGMEM u1_t APPSKEY[16] = { 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 }; // LoRaWAN AppSKey, application session key, hex, msb
16 | static PROGMEM u4_t DEVADDR = 0x00000000 ; // LoRaWAN end-device address (DevAddr), hex, msb
17 | #endif
18 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/gps.cpp:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | #include "gps.h"
2 |
3 | HardwareSerial GPSSerial(1);
4 |
5 | void gps::init()
6 | {
7 | GPSSerial.begin(9600, SERIAL_8N1, GPS_TX, GPS_RX);
8 | GPSSerial.setTimeout(2);
9 | }
10 |
11 | void gps::encode()
12 | {
13 | int data;
14 | int previousMillis = millis();
15 |
16 | while((previousMillis + 1000) > millis())
17 | {
18 | while (GPSSerial.available() )
19 | {
20 | char data = GPSSerial.read();
21 | tGps.encode(data);
22 | //Serial.print(data);
23 | }
24 | }
25 | //Serial.println("");
26 | }
27 |
28 | void gps::buildPacket(uint8_t txBuffer[9])
29 | {
30 | LatitudeBinary = ((tGps.location.lat() + 90) / 180.0) * 16777215;
31 | LongitudeBinary = ((tGps.location.lng() + 180) / 360.0) * 16777215;
32 |
33 | sprintf(t, "Lat: %f", tGps.location.lat());
34 | Serial.println(t);
35 |
36 | sprintf(t, "Lng: %f", tGps.location.lng());
37 | Serial.println(t);
38 |
39 | txBuffer[0] = ( LatitudeBinary >> 16 ) & 0xFF;
40 | txBuffer[1] = ( LatitudeBinary >> 8 ) & 0xFF;
41 | txBuffer[2] = LatitudeBinary & 0xFF;
42 |
43 | txBuffer[3] = ( LongitudeBinary >> 16 ) & 0xFF;
44 | txBuffer[4] = ( LongitudeBinary >> 8 ) & 0xFF;
45 | txBuffer[5] = LongitudeBinary & 0xFF;
46 |
47 | altitudeGps = tGps.altitude.meters();
48 | txBuffer[6] = ( altitudeGps >> 8 ) & 0xFF;
49 | txBuffer[7] = altitudeGps & 0xFF;
50 |
51 | hdopGps = tGps.hdop.value()/10;
52 | txBuffer[8] = hdopGps & 0xFF;
53 | }
54 |
55 | bool gps::checkGpsFix()
56 | {
57 | encode();
58 | if (tGps.location.isValid() &&
59 | tGps.location.age() < 2000 &&
60 | tGps.hdop.isValid() &&
61 | tGps.hdop.value() <= 300 &&
62 | tGps.hdop.age() < 2000 &&
63 | tGps.altitude.isValid() &&
64 | tGps.altitude.age() < 2000 )
65 | {
66 | Serial.println("Valid gps Fix.");
67 | return true;
68 | }
69 | else
70 | {
71 | Serial.println("No gps Fix.");
72 | // sprintf(t, "location valid: %i" , tGps.location.isValid());
73 | // Serial.println(t);
74 | // sprintf(t, "location age: %i" , tGps.location.age());
75 | // Serial.println(t);
76 | // sprintf(t, "hdop valid: %i" , tGps.hdop.isValid());
77 | // Serial.println(t);
78 | // sprintf(t, "hdop age: %i" , tGps.hdop.age());
79 | // Serial.println(t);
80 | // sprintf(t, "hdop: %i" , tGps.hdop.value());
81 | // Serial.println(t);
82 | // sprintf(t, "altitude valid: %i" , tGps.altitude.isValid());
83 | // Serial.println(t);
84 | // sprintf(t, "altitude age: %i" , tGps.altitude.age());
85 | // Serial.println(t);
86 |
87 | return false;
88 | }
89 | }
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/gps.h:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | #pragma once
2 |
3 |
4 | #include
5 | #include
6 |
7 |
8 | #define GPS_TX 12
9 | #define GPS_RX 15
10 |
11 |
12 | class gps
13 | {
14 | public:
15 | void init();
16 | bool checkGpsFix();
17 | void buildPacket(uint8_t txBuffer[9]);
18 | void encode();
19 |
20 | private:
21 | uint32_t LatitudeBinary, LongitudeBinary;
22 | uint16_t altitudeGps;
23 | uint8_t hdopGps;
24 | char t[32]; // used to sprintf for Serial output
25 | TinyGPSPlus tGps;
26 | };
27 |
28 |
29 |
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