├── .gitignore ├── docs ├── data_structure.png ├── getting_started.md └── data_structure.md ├── setup.py ├── requirements.txt ├── database ├── file.py ├── answer.py ├── content.py ├── consultee.py ├── consultee_list.py ├── document.py ├── base.py └── remiss.py ├── app.py ├── service ├── writer.py ├── ocr.py ├── file_manager.py ├── tabula_parser.py ├── wikidata.py ├── downloader.py ├── selenium_driver.py ├── database.py ├── web_parser.py ├── cleaner.py └── document_parser.py ├── download_data.py ├── test.py ├── api └── schema.py ├── clean_data.py ├── README.md ├── test └── service │ └── test_document_parser.py ├── LICENSE └── illustration.svg /.gitignore: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | *.db 2 | *.db-journal 3 | *.pdf 4 | __pycache__ 5 | env/ 6 | .DS_Store 7 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /docs/data_structure.png: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/DinRiksdag/OpenRemiss/HEAD/docs/data_structure.png -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /setup.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | print('\n\n### OpenRemiss v0.3 ###\n\n') 2 | 3 | print('I - Downloading data from regeringen.se\n') 4 | import download_data 5 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /requirements.txt: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | beautifulsoup4==4.12.2 2 | flask==2.3.2 3 | flask-graphQL==2.0.1 4 | graphene-sqlalchemy 5 | pikepdf==7.2.0 6 | sqlalchemy==2.0.12 7 | selenium==4.9.0 8 | webdriver-manager==3.8.6 9 | packaging==23.1 10 | fake-useragent==1.1.3 11 | tabula-py==2.7.0 12 | ocrmypdf==14.1.0 13 | pytest==7.3.1 14 | rapidfuzz==3.0.0 15 | SPARQLWrapper==2.0.0 16 | pdfminer 17 | pdf2image 18 | pymupdf 19 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /database/file.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | from .base import Base 2 | from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey, Column, Integer, String 3 | from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship 4 | 5 | 6 | class File(Base): 7 | """File model.""" 8 | 9 | __tablename__ = 'file' 10 | 11 | id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True) 12 | document_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey('document.id')) 13 | document = relationship('Document', back_populates='files') 14 | name = Column(String) 15 | url = Column(String) 16 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /database/answer.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | from database.document import Document 2 | from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey, Column, Integer, String 3 | from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship 4 | 5 | 6 | class Answer(Document): 7 | """Answer model.""" 8 | 9 | __tablename__ = 'answer' 10 | 11 | id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey('document.id'), primary_key=True) 12 | remiss = relationship('Remiss', back_populates='answers') 13 | organisation = Column(String) 14 | 15 | __mapper_args__ = { 16 | 'polymorphic_identity': 'answer', 17 | } 18 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /database/content.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | from .base import Base 2 | from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String, Date 3 | 4 | 5 | class Content(Base): 6 | """Content model.""" 7 | 8 | __tablename__ = 'content' 9 | 10 | id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True) 11 | issuer = Column(String) 12 | published_on = Column(Date) 13 | title = Column(String) 14 | url = Column(String) 15 | type = Column(String) 16 | 17 | __mapper_args__ = { 18 | 'polymorphic_identity': 'content', 19 | 'polymorphic_on': type 20 | } 21 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /app.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | from flask import Flask 2 | from flask_graphql import GraphQLView 3 | 4 | from service.database import Database 5 | from api.schema import schema 6 | 7 | app = Flask(__name__) 8 | app.debug = True 9 | 10 | app.add_url_rule( 11 | '/graphql', 12 | view_func=GraphQLView.as_view( 13 | 'graphql', 14 | schema=schema, 15 | graphiql=True 16 | ) 17 | ) 18 | 19 | 20 | @app.teardown_appcontext 21 | def shutdown_session(exception=None): 22 | Database.remove() 23 | 24 | 25 | if __name__ == '__main__': 26 | app.run() 27 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /database/consultee.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | from .base import Base 2 | from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey, Column, Integer, String 3 | from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship 4 | 5 | 6 | class Consultee(Base): 7 | """Consultee model.""" 8 | 9 | __tablename__ = 'consultee' 10 | 11 | id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True) 12 | consultee_list_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey('consultee_list.id')) 13 | consultee_list = relationship('ConsulteeList', 14 | back_populates='consultee_list') 15 | name = Column(String) 16 | cleaned_name = Column(String) 17 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /database/consultee_list.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | from database.document import Document 2 | from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey, Column, Integer 3 | from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship 4 | 5 | 6 | class ConsulteeList(Document): 7 | """ConsulteeList model.""" 8 | 9 | __tablename__ = 'consultee_list' 10 | 11 | id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey('document.id'), primary_key=True) 12 | remiss = relationship('Remiss', back_populates='consultees') 13 | consultee_list = relationship('Consultee', back_populates='consultee_list') 14 | 15 | __mapper_args__ = { 16 | 'polymorphic_identity': 'consultee_list', 17 | } 18 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /database/document.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | from .base import Base 2 | from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey, Column, Integer, String 3 | from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship 4 | 5 | 6 | class Document(Base): 7 | """Document model.""" 8 | 9 | __tablename__ = 'document' 10 | 11 | id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True) 12 | remiss_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey('remiss.id')) 13 | remiss = relationship('Remiss', back_populates='other_documents') 14 | files = relationship('File', back_populates='document') 15 | type = Column(String) 16 | 17 | __mapper_args__ = { 18 | 'polymorphic_identity': 'document', 19 | 'polymorphic_on': type 20 | } 21 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /service/writer.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | import csv 2 | import json 3 | 4 | class Writer(object): 5 | @staticmethod 6 | def write_json(dict, filename): 7 | with open(filename, 'w') as fp: 8 | json_string = json.dumps(dict, ensure_ascii=False, 9 | indent=4).encode('utf-8') 10 | fp.write(json_string.decode()) 11 | 12 | @staticmethod 13 | def write_csv(dict, filename): 14 | keys = dict[0].keys() 15 | 16 | with open(filename, 'w', newline='') as output_file: 17 | dict_writer = csv.DictWriter(output_file, keys) 18 | dict_writer.writeheader() 19 | dict_writer.writerows(dict) 20 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /database/base.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | from sqlalchemy import create_engine 2 | from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base 3 | from sqlalchemy.orm import scoped_session, sessionmaker 4 | import os 5 | 6 | 7 | # Create database engine 8 | db_name = 'database.db' 9 | db_path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), db_name) 10 | db_uri = 'sqlite:///{}'.format(db_path) 11 | engine = create_engine(db_uri) 12 | 13 | # Declarative base model to create database tables and classes 14 | Base = declarative_base() 15 | Base.metadata.bind = engine # Bind engine to metadata of the base class 16 | 17 | # Create database session object 18 | db_session = scoped_session(sessionmaker(bind=engine, expire_on_commit=False)) 19 | Base.query = db_session.query_property() # Used by graphql to execute queries 20 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /service/ocr.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | import ocrmypdf 2 | import pikepdf 3 | 4 | class OCR(object): 5 | 6 | @staticmethod 7 | def ocr(path): 8 | new_path = path.replace('.pdf', '-ocr.pdf') 9 | 10 | try: 11 | ocrmypdf.ocr( 12 | path, 13 | new_path, 14 | language='swe', 15 | deskew=True, 16 | force_ocr=True 17 | ) 18 | except ocrmypdf.exceptions.EncryptedPdfError: 19 | print('Document seems to be encrypted, attempting to decrypt with empty password.') 20 | with pikepdf.Pdf.open(path, password='', allow_overwriting_input=True) as pdf: 21 | pdf.save(path) 22 | return OCR.ocr(path) 23 | 24 | return new_path 25 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /service/file_manager.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | import os 2 | import rapidfuzz.fuzz as fuzz 3 | 4 | class FileManager(object): 5 | 6 | @staticmethod 7 | def filepath_exists(filepath): 8 | return os.path.exists(filepath) 9 | 10 | @staticmethod 11 | def move(old_filepath, new_filepath): 12 | dirpath = os.path.dirname(new_filepath) 13 | if not os.path.exists(dirpath): 14 | os.makedirs(dirpath) 15 | 16 | if os.path.exists(old_filepath): 17 | os.rename(old_filepath, new_filepath) 18 | elif os.path.exists(old_filepath + '.pdf'): 19 | os.rename(old_filepath + '.pdf', new_filepath) 20 | else: 21 | for file in os.listdir('tmp/'): 22 | path = os.path.join('tmp/', file) 23 | if os.path.isfile(path) and fuzz.ratio(path, new_filepath): 24 | os.rename(path, new_filepath) 25 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /database/remiss.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | from database.content import Content 2 | from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey, Column, Integer, String, Date 3 | from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship 4 | 5 | 6 | class Remiss(Content): 7 | """Remiss model.""" 8 | 9 | __tablename__ = 'remiss' 10 | 11 | id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey('content.id'), primary_key=True) 12 | diary_number = Column(String) 13 | deadline = Column(Date) 14 | consultees = relationship( 15 | 'ConsulteeList', 16 | back_populates='remiss', 17 | uselist=False, 18 | viewonly=True 19 | ) 20 | answers = relationship( 21 | 'Answer', 22 | back_populates='remiss', 23 | viewonly=True 24 | ) 25 | other_documents = relationship('Document', back_populates='remiss', 26 | viewonly=True) 27 | 28 | __mapper_args__ = { 29 | 'polymorphic_identity': 'remiss', 30 | } 31 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /service/tabula_parser.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | import subprocess 2 | import tabula 3 | 4 | class TabulaParser(object): 5 | 6 | @staticmethod 7 | def extract(filename, pages, area): 8 | try: 9 | return tabula.read_pdf( 10 | input_path = filename, 11 | pages = pages, 12 | pandas_options = {'header': None}, 13 | area = area 14 | ) 15 | except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e: 16 | print(f'Document {filename} was most probably not a PDF') 17 | return None 18 | 19 | @staticmethod 20 | def extract_header(filename): 21 | return TabulaParser.extract( 22 | filename, 23 | 1, 24 | [ 25 | [10, 300, 100, 580], # Header with document number 26 | [100, 20, 200, 300] # Department and sender name 27 | ] 28 | ) 29 | 30 | @staticmethod 31 | def extract_first_page(filename): 32 | return TabulaParser.extract( 33 | filename, 34 | 1, 35 | [160, 70, 800, 500] # List 36 | ) 37 | 38 | @staticmethod 39 | def extract_next_pages(filename): 40 | df = TabulaParser.extract( 41 | filename, 42 | 'all', 43 | [70, 70, 800, 500] # List 44 | ) 45 | return df[1:] if df != None else None 46 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /download_data.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | from service.downloader import Downloader 2 | from service.database import Database 3 | 4 | from database.remiss import Remiss 5 | 6 | AMOUNT = 3000 7 | RESET_DB = False 8 | 9 | if RESET_DB: 10 | Database.drop_tables() 11 | Database.create_tables() 12 | print(f'I-0 - Recreated database.\n') 13 | 14 | downloader = Downloader() 15 | 16 | saved_remisser = Remiss.query.all() 17 | print(f'I-1 - Found {len(saved_remisser)} remisser in the database.\n') 18 | 19 | print('Querying regeringen.se...') 20 | remisser = downloader.get_last_remisser(AMOUNT) 21 | 22 | nb_of_remisser = len(remisser) 23 | print(f'I-2 - Found {nb_of_remisser} remisser online.\n') 24 | 25 | for index, online_remiss in enumerate(remisser, start=1): 26 | found = False 27 | for saved_remiss in saved_remisser: 28 | if saved_remiss.url == online_remiss.url: 29 | print( 30 | f'{index}/{nb_of_remisser} remiss(er) - ' 31 | f'Already saved (id {saved_remiss.id})' 32 | ) 33 | found = True 34 | 35 | if found: 36 | continue 37 | 38 | Database.add(online_remiss) 39 | Database.flush() 40 | 41 | documents = downloader.get_documents(online_remiss) 42 | 43 | for doc in documents: 44 | Database.add(doc) 45 | 46 | Database.commit() 47 | print( 48 | f'{index}/{nb_of_remisser} remiss(er) saved - ' 49 | f'{len(documents)} documents(s)' 50 | ) 51 | 52 | Database.close() 53 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /service/wikidata.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | import sys 2 | from SPARQLWrapper import SPARQLWrapper, JSON 3 | 4 | endpoint_url = "https://query.wikidata.org/sparql" 5 | 6 | query = """ 7 | SELECT DISTINCT ?orgLabel ?typeLabel WHERE { 8 | BIND(wd:Q34 AS ?country) 9 | { 10 | VALUES ?type { 11 | wd:Q68295960 12 | wd:Q107407151 13 | wd:Q127448 14 | wd:Q1754161 15 | wd:Q10397683 16 | wd:Q59603261 17 | wd:Q10330441 18 | wd:Q341627 19 | wd:Q2065704 20 | wd:Q190752 21 | wd:Q1289455 22 | wd:Q18292311 23 | wd:Q10530889 24 | } 25 | ?org wdt:P31 ?type; 26 | wdt:P17 ?country. 27 | } 28 | UNION 29 | { 30 | VALUES ?type { 31 | wd:Q108059166 32 | wd:Q108058047 33 | wd:Q3917681 34 | } 35 | ?org wdt:P31 ?type; 36 | wdt:P137 ?country. 37 | } 38 | UNION 39 | { 40 | VALUES ?org { 41 | wd:Q10475844 42 | } 43 | } 44 | MINUS { ?org wdt:P576 _:b15. } 45 | MINUS { ?org wdt:P1366 _:b16. } 46 | MINUS { ?org wdt:P3999 _:b17. } 47 | SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language "sv,en". } 48 | } 49 | ORDER BY (?typeLabel)""" 50 | 51 | 52 | def get_government_organisations(): 53 | user_agent = "WDQS-example Python/%s.%s" % (sys.version_info[0], sys.version_info[1]) 54 | # TODO adjust user agent; see https://w.wiki/CX6 55 | sparql = SPARQLWrapper(endpoint_url, agent=user_agent) 56 | sparql.setQuery(query) 57 | sparql.setReturnFormat(JSON) 58 | results = sparql.query().convert() 59 | results = results["results"]["bindings"] 60 | results = [org['orgLabel']['value'] for org in results] 61 | 62 | return results 63 | 64 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /service/downloader.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | import urllib 2 | 3 | from service.selenium_driver import Selenium_Driver 4 | from service.web_parser import WebParser 5 | 6 | REGERING_URL = 'https://www.regeringen.se' 7 | REGERING_QUERY_URL = REGERING_URL + '/Filter/GetFilteredItems?' 8 | 9 | def parameters(page_size, page_number): 10 | params = { 11 | 'lang': 'sv', 12 | 'filterType': 'Taxonomy', 13 | 'preFilteredCategories': 2099, 14 | 'displayLimited': 'true', 15 | 'pageSize': page_size, 16 | 'page': page_number, 17 | } 18 | return urllib.parse.urlencode(params) 19 | 20 | class Downloader(object): 21 | 22 | def __init__(self): 23 | self.d = Selenium_Driver() 24 | 25 | def get_remiss_amount(self): 26 | response = self.d.get_json(REGERING_QUERY_URL + parameters(1, 1)) 27 | 28 | return response['TotalCount'] 29 | 30 | def get_last_remisser(self, amount): 31 | if amount > 1000: 32 | page_size = 1000 33 | else: 34 | page_size = amount 35 | 36 | page_amount = amount // 1000 + 1 37 | 38 | last_remisser = [] 39 | 40 | for page_number in range(1, page_amount + 1): 41 | last_remisser.extend(self.get_remisser_for_page(page_size, page_number)) 42 | 43 | return last_remisser 44 | 45 | def get_remisser_for_page(self, page_size, page_number): 46 | contents = self.d.get_json(REGERING_QUERY_URL + parameters(page_size, page_number)) 47 | 48 | return WebParser.get_remiss_list(contents) 49 | 50 | def get_documents(self, remiss): 51 | contents = self.d.get(remiss.url) 52 | return WebParser.get_document_list(remiss.id, contents) 53 | 54 | def get_file(self, file_url): 55 | return self.d.get_file(file_url) 56 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /test.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2 | from rapidfuzz import fuzz 3 | 4 | from service.database import Database 5 | from service.cleaner import Cleaner 6 | from service.file_manager import FileManager 7 | from database.consultee import Consultee 8 | 9 | import pandas as pd 10 | 11 | import service.wikidata as wikidata 12 | 13 | # RESET_DB = False 14 | 15 | # if RESET_DB: 16 | # Database.empty_column(Consultee, Consultee.cleaned_name) 17 | # Database.commit() 18 | 19 | # popular_names = Database.get_popular_names(1) 20 | # print(popular_names) 21 | # print(len(popular_names)) 22 | 23 | # print('Getting all consultees...') 24 | # all_consultees = Consultee.query.group_by(Consultee.name).filter(Consultee.cleaned_name == None).all() 25 | 26 | # print('Starting...') 27 | # for consultee in all_consultees: 28 | # if not consultee.cleaned_name: 29 | # consultee.cleaned_name = Cleaner.replace_by_popular(consultee.name, 99) 30 | # Database.commit() 31 | 32 | RESET_WIKIDATA = True 33 | GOV_LIST = 'tmp/government_organisations.csv' 34 | if RESET_WIKIDATA or not FileManager.filepath_exists(GOV_LIST): 35 | print('Downloading names for all Swedish public sector from Wikidata...') 36 | pd.DataFrame(wikidata.get_government_organisations(), columns=['organisation']).to_csv(GOV_LIST, index=None) 37 | 38 | gov_list = pd.read_csv(GOV_LIST)['organisation'].to_list() 39 | 40 | 41 | all_consultees = Consultee.query.group_by(Consultee.name).all() 42 | #.group_by(Consultee.name).filter(Consultee.cleaned_name == None) 43 | 44 | print('Starting...') 45 | for consultee in all_consultees: 46 | name = consultee.name 47 | cleaned_name = Cleaner.closest_in_list(consultee.name, gov_list, 90) 48 | 49 | if not cleaned_name: 50 | continue 51 | 52 | same = Consultee.query.filter(Consultee.name == name).all() 53 | for item in same: 54 | item.cleaned_name = cleaned_name 55 | 56 | Database.commit() 57 | print(f'Cleaned "{name}" {len(same)} times.') 58 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /service/selenium_driver.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | import json 2 | import time 3 | import os 4 | 5 | from selenium import webdriver 6 | from selenium.webdriver.chrome.service import Service as ChromeService 7 | from selenium.webdriver import ChromeOptions 8 | from webdriver_manager.chrome import ChromeDriverManager 9 | 10 | from fake_useragent import UserAgent 11 | 12 | DOWNLOAD_DIR_MAC = "/Users/pierre/Code/DinRiksdag/OpenRemiss/tmp" 13 | 14 | def wait_for_downloads(): 15 | time.sleep(1) 16 | while any([filename.endswith(".crdownload") for filename in 17 | os.listdir(DOWNLOAD_DIR_MAC)]): 18 | time.sleep(1) 19 | class Selenium_Driver(object): 20 | 21 | def __init__(self): 22 | options = ChromeOptions() 23 | userAgent = UserAgent().random 24 | options.add_argument(f'user-agent = { userAgent }') 25 | options.add_argument("--headless=chrome") 26 | options.add_experimental_option('prefs', { 27 | "download.default_directory": DOWNLOAD_DIR_MAC, 28 | "download.prompt_for_download": False, 29 | "download.directory_upgrade": True, 30 | "plugins.always_open_pdf_externally": True 31 | } 32 | ) 33 | 34 | self.d = webdriver.Chrome(service=ChromeService(ChromeDriverManager().install()), options=options) 35 | 36 | def get(self, url): 37 | self.d.get(url) 38 | return self.d.page_source 39 | 40 | def get_json(self, url): 41 | response = self.get(url) 42 | 43 | return json.loads(response[response.index('{'):response.index('}') + 1]) 44 | 45 | def get_file(self, url): 46 | self.d.get(url) 47 | wait_for_downloads() 48 | 49 | if 'Sidan kan inte hittas' in self.d.title: 50 | print(f'404: Could not download file from {url}') 51 | return None 52 | 53 | filename = url.split('/')[-1] 54 | filepath = filename 55 | 56 | print(f'Downloaded {filename}') 57 | return filepath 58 | 59 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /docs/getting_started.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # Getting started 2 | 3 | ## Installing Python and the dependencies 4 | 5 | To run this program, you will need to [install Python 3 and pip](https://realpython.com/installing-python/). 6 | 7 | When this is done, you can just run the following to install all the dependencies. 8 | 9 | ```shell 10 | pip3 install -r requirements.txt 11 | ``` 12 | 13 | ## Running the script 14 | 15 | You should now be ready to run the scripts. 16 | 17 | ### Downloading the main lists 18 | 19 | Start with `download_data.py`: 20 | 21 | ```shell 22 | python3 download_data.py 23 | ``` 24 | 25 | This will download a list of all the remiss processes and a list of all the associated files. It will also try to categorize these files as well as possible as: 26 | - a *remisslista*, a list of consultees published by the government 27 | - a *remissvar*, an answer from an organisation sent back to the government 28 | - another document 29 | 30 | ### Downloading and rebuilding the list of consultees 31 | 32 | ```shell 33 | python3 build_remissinstans_list.py 34 | ``` 35 | 36 | This will download all the list of consultees and try to parse the content. Unfortunately, every government department has its own file structure 🤦🏼‍ so results may vary and the script can still be improved. For example. Finansdepartementet publishes most of its lists as scanned PDFs... 37 | 38 | ### Cleaning the data 39 | 40 | ```shell 41 | python3 clean_data.py 42 | ``` 43 | 44 | Unfortunately, we have to use file names to identify the senders of the answers and these are rarely just the organisation names. In addition to all the numbers, appendices, typos, one organisation can also be named differently. 45 | 46 | The same goes for the consultees extracted from the lists. 47 | 48 | This scripts is an attempt at cleaning these organisation names. It doesn't do a perfect job and it can even be wrong or lose some useful information (ex: *Lunds universitet (Juridiska fakulteten)* -> *Lunds universitet*). 49 | 50 | This is why we don't overwrite the information but save it in new fields. 51 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /service/database.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | from sqlalchemy import func 2 | from sqlalchemy.sql.functions import coalesce 3 | 4 | from database.answer import Answer 5 | from database.consultee import Consultee 6 | 7 | from database import base 8 | 9 | class Database(object): 10 | 11 | @staticmethod 12 | def name(): 13 | return base.db_name 14 | 15 | @staticmethod 16 | def create_tables(): 17 | base.Base.metadata.create_all(base.engine) 18 | 19 | @staticmethod 20 | def drop_tables(): 21 | base.Base.metadata.drop_all(base.engine) 22 | 23 | @staticmethod 24 | def query(object): 25 | base.db_session.query(object) 26 | 27 | @staticmethod 28 | def add(object): 29 | base.db_session.add(object) 30 | 31 | @staticmethod 32 | def delete_all(table): 33 | table.query.delete() 34 | 35 | def empty_column(table, column): 36 | table.query.update({column: None}) 37 | 38 | @staticmethod 39 | def flush(): 40 | base.db_session.flush() 41 | 42 | @staticmethod 43 | def commit(): 44 | base.db_session.commit() 45 | 46 | @staticmethod 47 | def remove(): 48 | base.db_session.remove() 49 | 50 | @staticmethod 51 | def close(): 52 | base.db_session.close() 53 | 54 | @staticmethod 55 | def get_popular_answering_organisations(amount): 56 | return base.db_session.query( 57 | Answer.organisation, 58 | func.count(Answer.organisation) 59 | ).group_by( 60 | Answer.organisation 61 | ).order_by( 62 | func.count(Answer.organisation).desc() 63 | ).limit( 64 | amount 65 | ).all() 66 | 67 | def __best_names(best_name): 68 | return base.db_session.query( 69 | best_name, 70 | func.count(best_name) 71 | ).group_by( 72 | best_name 73 | ) 74 | 75 | @staticmethod 76 | def get_popular_names(percent): 77 | best_name = coalesce(Consultee.cleaned_name, Consultee.cleaned_name) 78 | best_names = Database.__best_names() 79 | 80 | return best_names.order_by( 81 | func.count(best_name).asc() 82 | ).limit( 83 | int(best_names.count() * percent / 100) 84 | ).all() 85 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /docs/data_structure.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # What data does this script extract? 2 | 3 | The following objects are fetched and restructured: 4 | - all the remissprocesses with the following information 5 | - title 6 | - department issuing (only the first one if there are several) 7 | - date of publication 8 | - a URL to its page on [regeringen.se](regeringen.se/remisser) 9 | - deadline (**not implemented**) 10 | - diary number (**not implemented**) 11 | 12 | In addition, we attach the following documents to every process: 13 | - a consultee list 14 | - all the answers 15 | - other documents which couldn't be identified as any of the two other categories 16 | 17 | For each consultee list, a structured list is re-generated. 18 | 19 | For each answer, the name of the issuing organisation is generated. 20 | 21 | ## Database structure 22 | 23 | To be able to store this information in a structured way, we use a SQL database with a number of tables. 24 | 25 | Here is a UML diagram of the classes used in the Python script. Note the inheritance, which means that you will have to join several tables to get all the desired columns. 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | ## Extract data from the Database 30 | 31 | To get the data you want, you will need to use SQL queries. 32 | 33 | Here is for example the three queries I use for the three tabs of this [spreadsheet](https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1AIS7-yGfAPyUEFGaXg6gxAv2-7_Q2QQUTiKQJU7weNg/edit?usp=sharing): 34 | 35 | ### Remiss processes 36 | ```sql 37 | SELECT remiss.id, content.published_on, content.issuer, content.title, content.url AS remiss_url, file.url AS consultee_list_url 38 | FROM content, remiss, document, file 39 | WHERE content.id == remiss.id AND document.remiss_id = remiss.id AND document.type == "consultee_list" AND file.document_id == document.id 40 | UNION ALL 41 | SELECT remiss.id, content.published_on, content.issuer, content.title, content.url AS remiss_url, '' AS consultee_list_url 42 | FROM content, remiss 43 | WHERE content.id == remiss.id AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 44 | FROM document 45 | WHERE document.type == "consultee_list" AND document.remiss_id == remiss.id 46 | ) 47 | ``` 48 | 49 | ### Answers 50 | 51 | ```sql 52 | SELECT document.id, document.remiss_id, file.name as filename, answer.organisation, file.url 53 | FROM document, answer, file 54 | WHERE document.id == answer.id AND file.document_id == document.id 55 | ``` 56 | 57 | ### Consultees 58 | 59 | ```sql 60 | SELECT consultee.id, document.remiss_id, consultee.name, consultee.cleaned_name 61 | FROM document, consultee_list, consultee 62 | WHERE consultee.consultee_list_id = consultee_list.id AND document.id = consultee_list.id 63 | ``` 64 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /service/web_parser.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | import html 2 | from bs4 import BeautifulSoup 3 | from datetime import datetime 4 | 5 | from database.remiss import Remiss 6 | from database.answer import Answer 7 | from database.consultee_list import ConsulteeList 8 | from database.document import Document 9 | from database.file import File 10 | 11 | from service.cleaner import Cleaner 12 | 13 | REGERING_URL = 'https://www.regeringen.se' 14 | 15 | 16 | class WebParser(object): 17 | 18 | @staticmethod 19 | def get_remiss_amount(response): 20 | htmlData = html.unescape(response.decode('utf-8')) 21 | soup = BeautifulSoup(htmlData, 'html.parser') 22 | 23 | amount = soup.select_one('strong[class==filterHitCount]') 24 | return int(amount.text) 25 | 26 | @staticmethod 27 | def get_remiss_list(response): 28 | remisser = [] 29 | 30 | soup = BeautifulSoup(response['Message'], 'html.parser') 31 | blocks = soup.select('div[class=sortcompact]') 32 | 33 | for block in blocks: 34 | link = block.select('a[href^="/remisser"]') 35 | 36 | if len(link) == 0: 37 | link = block.select('a[href^="/rapporter"]') 38 | 39 | if len(link) == 0: 40 | continue 41 | 42 | link = link[0] 43 | 44 | url = REGERING_URL + link['href'] 45 | title = link.contents[0] 46 | date = datetime.strptime( 47 | block.select('time')[0]['datetime'], 48 | '%Y-%m-%d' 49 | ) 50 | issuer = block.select('a')[-1].contents[0] 51 | 52 | remiss = Remiss(issuer=issuer, 53 | published_on=date, 54 | title=title, 55 | url=url) 56 | remisser.append(remiss) 57 | 58 | remisser.reverse() 59 | return remisser 60 | 61 | @staticmethod 62 | def get_document_list(remiss_id, response): 63 | documents = [] 64 | 65 | soup = BeautifulSoup(response, 'html.parser') 66 | list = soup.select('ul[class=list--Block--icons]') 67 | 68 | def create_document(link): 69 | url = REGERING_URL + link['href'] 70 | filename = link.contents[0] 71 | filename = filename[:filename.find('(pdf')] 72 | 73 | file = File(name=filename, url=url) 74 | 75 | if Cleaner.is_consultee_list(filename): 76 | return ConsulteeList(remiss_id=remiss_id, files=[file]) 77 | elif Cleaner.is_other_document(filename): 78 | return Document(remiss_id=remiss_id, files=[file]) 79 | 80 | return Answer(remiss_id=remiss_id, files=[file]) 81 | 82 | if len(list) == 0: 83 | return [] 84 | elif len(list) == 1: 85 | for link in list[0].select('a'): 86 | document = create_document(link) 87 | documents.append(document) 88 | 89 | return documents 90 | else: 91 | for link in list[0].select('a'): 92 | document = create_document(link) 93 | documents.append(document) 94 | 95 | for link in list[1].select('a'): 96 | document = create_document(link) 97 | documents.append(document) 98 | 99 | return documents 100 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /api/schema.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | import graphene 2 | from graphene_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemyObjectType 3 | 4 | from database.answer import Answer as AnswerModel 5 | from database.consultee_list import ConsulteeList as ConsulteeListModel 6 | from database.consultee import Consultee as ConsulteeModel 7 | from database.document import Document as DocumentModel 8 | from database.file import File as FileModel 9 | from database.remiss import Remiss as RemissModel 10 | 11 | from service.database import Database 12 | 13 | class FileAttribute: 14 | name = graphene.String(description="Name of the file.") 15 | url = graphene.String(description="URL of the file.") 16 | 17 | 18 | class File(SQLAlchemyObjectType): 19 | class Meta: 20 | model = FileModel 21 | 22 | 23 | class DocumentAttribute: 24 | remiss_id = graphene.Int(description="Id of the answer's remiss.") 25 | type = graphene.String(description="Type of the document.") 26 | files = graphene.List(File, description="Files of the document.") 27 | 28 | 29 | class Document(SQLAlchemyObjectType): 30 | class Meta: 31 | model = DocumentModel 32 | 33 | 34 | class AnswerAttribute: 35 | organisation = graphene.String( 36 | description="Organisation or individual which authored the answer.") 37 | remiss_id = DocumentAttribute.remiss_id 38 | type = DocumentAttribute.type 39 | files = DocumentAttribute.files 40 | 41 | 42 | class Answer(SQLAlchemyObjectType): 43 | class Meta: 44 | model = AnswerModel 45 | 46 | 47 | class ConsulteeAttribute: 48 | name = graphene.String(description="Name of the consultee.") 49 | 50 | 51 | class Consultee(SQLAlchemyObjectType): 52 | class Meta: 53 | model = ConsulteeModel 54 | 55 | 56 | class ConsulteeListAttribute: 57 | consultee_list = graphene.List( 58 | Consultee, 59 | description="List of all the consultees in the document." 60 | ) 61 | remiss_id = DocumentAttribute.remiss_id 62 | type = DocumentAttribute.type 63 | files = DocumentAttribute.files 64 | 65 | 66 | class ConsulteeList(SQLAlchemyObjectType): 67 | class Meta: 68 | model = ConsulteeListModel 69 | 70 | 71 | class Remiss(SQLAlchemyObjectType): 72 | class Meta: 73 | model = RemissModel 74 | 75 | 76 | class Query(graphene.ObjectType): 77 | # Allows sorting over multiple columns, by default over the primary key 78 | answer = graphene.Field(Answer) 79 | answers = graphene.List(Answer) 80 | 81 | def resolve_answer(self, *args, **kwargs): 82 | return Database.query(AnswerModel).first() 83 | 84 | def resolve_answers(self, *args, **kwargs): 85 | return Database.query(AnswerModel).all() 86 | 87 | consultee_list = graphene.Field(ConsulteeList) 88 | consultee_lists = graphene.List(ConsulteeList) 89 | 90 | consultee = graphene.Field(Consultee) 91 | consultees = graphene.List(Consultee) 92 | 93 | document = graphene.Field(Document) 94 | documents = graphene.List(Document) 95 | 96 | file = graphene.Field(File) 97 | files = graphene.List(File) 98 | 99 | remiss = graphene.Field(Remiss) 100 | remisser = graphene.List(Remiss) 101 | 102 | def resolve_remiss(self, *args, **kwargs): 103 | return RemissModel.query.first() 104 | 105 | def resolve_remisser(self, *args, **kwargs): 106 | return RemissModel.query.all() 107 | 108 | 109 | schema = graphene.Schema(query=Query) 110 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /clean_data.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | from service.database import Database 2 | from service.cleaner import Cleaner 3 | from service.file_manager import FileManager 4 | import service.wikidata as wikidata 5 | from database.remiss import Remiss 6 | from database.answer import Answer 7 | from database.document import Document 8 | from database.consultee import Consultee 9 | from database.file import File 10 | from database.consultee_list import ConsulteeList 11 | 12 | import pandas as pd 13 | 14 | saved_remisser = Remiss.query.all() 15 | saved_answers = Answer.query.all() 16 | 17 | RESET_DB = True 18 | RESET_WIKIDATA = False 19 | # GOV_LIST = 'tmp/government_organisations.csv' 20 | # if RESET_WIKIDATA or FileManager.filepath_exists(GOV_LIST): 21 | # gov_orgs = wikidata.get_government_organisations() 22 | # pd.DataFrame(gov_orgs, columns=['organisation']).to_csv(GOV_LIST) 23 | 24 | # gov_list = pd.read_csv(GOV_LIST)['organisation'].to_list() 25 | 26 | # print(gov_list) 27 | 28 | print('II-1 Light cleaning file names...') 29 | for remiss_index, remiss in enumerate(saved_remisser, start=1): 30 | answers_for_remiss = Answer.query.filter_by(remiss_id=remiss.id).all() 31 | 32 | nb_of_remisser = len(saved_remisser) 33 | 34 | for answer in answers_for_remiss: 35 | org_name = answer.files[0].name 36 | 37 | if len(answers_for_remiss) > 3: 38 | filenames = [a.files[0].name for a in answers_for_remiss] 39 | 40 | common = Cleaner.long_substr(filenames) 41 | 42 | if len(common) > 3: 43 | org_name = org_name.replace(common, '') 44 | 45 | org_name = Cleaner.light_clean(org_name) 46 | 47 | answer.organisation = org_name 48 | Database.commit() 49 | print(f'{remiss_index}/{nb_of_remisser} - Cleaned') 50 | 51 | print('II-1 Deep cleaning file names...') 52 | for remiss_index, remiss in enumerate(saved_remisser, start=1): 53 | answers_for_remiss = Answer.query.filter_by(remiss_id=remiss.id).all() 54 | 55 | nb_of_remisser = len(saved_remisser) 56 | 57 | for answer in answers_for_remiss: 58 | org_name = answer.organisation 59 | 60 | org_name = Cleaner.deep_clean(org_name) 61 | 62 | answer.organisation = org_name 63 | Database.commit() 64 | print(f'{remiss_index}/{nb_of_remisser} - Cleaned') 65 | 66 | saved_lists = Document.query.filter(Document.type == 'consultee_list').all() 67 | 68 | print('II-2 Light cleaning organisation names from consultee lists...') 69 | for document_index, consultee_list in enumerate(saved_lists, start=1): 70 | consultees_for_list = Consultee.query.filter_by( 71 | consultee_list_id=consultee_list.id 72 | ).all() 73 | 74 | nb_of_consultee_lists = len(saved_lists) 75 | 76 | for consultee in consultees_for_list: 77 | org_name = consultee.name 78 | 79 | org_name = Cleaner.light_clean(org_name) 80 | 81 | consultee.cleaned_name = org_name 82 | Database.commit() 83 | print(f'{document_index}/{nb_of_consultee_lists} - Cleaned') 84 | 85 | print('II-2 Deep cleaning organisation names from consultee lists...') 86 | for document_index, consultee_list in enumerate(saved_lists, start=1): 87 | consultees_for_list = Consultee.query.filter_by( 88 | consultee_list_id=consultee_list.id 89 | ).all() 90 | 91 | nb_of_consultee_lists = len(saved_lists) 92 | 93 | for consultee in consultees_for_list: 94 | org_name = consultee.cleaned_name 95 | 96 | org_name = Cleaner.deep_clean(org_name) 97 | 98 | consultee.cleaned_name = org_name 99 | Database.commit() 100 | print(f'{document_index}/{nb_of_consultee_lists} - Cleaned') 101 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /service/cleaner.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | from service.database import Database 2 | 3 | from rapidfuzz import fuzz 4 | 5 | class Cleaner(object): 6 | 7 | def smart_ratio(name1, name2): 8 | names = [name1, name2] 9 | 10 | for i, name in enumerate(names): 11 | if '(' in name: 12 | name = name[:name.index('(')] 13 | 14 | name = name.lower() 15 | name = name.replace(' i ', '') 16 | name = name.replace(' ', '') 17 | name = name.replace('.', '') 18 | name = name.replace(',', '') 19 | names[i] = name 20 | 21 | to_replace = { 22 | 'aktiebolag': 'ab' 23 | } 24 | 25 | for i, name in enumerate(names): 26 | for word in to_replace.keys(): 27 | names[i] = name.replace(word, to_replace[word]) 28 | 29 | to_remove = [ 30 | 'förbund', 31 | 'förening', 32 | 'sverige', 33 | 'svensk', 34 | 'företag', 35 | 'institut', 36 | 'industri', 37 | 'inspektion', 38 | ' kommun', 39 | ' stad', 40 | 'styrelse', 41 | ' ab', 42 | 'ambassad', 43 | 'råd', 44 | 'tingsrätt', 45 | 'organisation', 46 | 'universitet' 47 | ] 48 | 49 | for word in to_remove: 50 | if all(word in name for name in names): 51 | for i, name in enumerate(names): 52 | names[i] = name.replace(word, '') 53 | 54 | ratio = fuzz.ratio(names[0], names[1]) 55 | 56 | return ratio if len(names[0]) >= 5 and len(names[1]) >= 5 else 0 57 | 58 | @staticmethod 59 | def closest_in_list(text, list_to_compare, tolerance): 60 | 61 | closest = '' 62 | highest_ratio = 0 63 | 64 | for name in list_to_compare: 65 | ratio = Cleaner.smart_ratio(name, text) 66 | 67 | if ratio > highest_ratio: 68 | closest = name 69 | highest_ratio = ratio 70 | 71 | if highest_ratio > tolerance: 72 | print(f'{highest_ratio} – {text} --> {closest}') 73 | return closest 74 | 75 | @staticmethod 76 | def replace_by_popular(text, tolerance): 77 | popular_names = [name[0] for name in Database.get_popular_names(100 - tolerance)] 78 | 79 | return Cleaner.closest_in_list(text, popular_names, tolerance) 80 | 81 | @staticmethod 82 | def remove_leading_characters(text): 83 | return text.lstrip('0123456789abc.-_ abc ') 84 | 85 | @staticmethod 86 | def remove_trailing_characters(text): 87 | return text.rstrip('0123456789.-_ ') 88 | 89 | @staticmethod 90 | def remove_line_breaks(text): 91 | return text.replace('\n', '').replace('\r', '') 92 | 93 | @staticmethod 94 | def replace_by_popular_contained(text): 95 | q = Database.get_popular_answering_organisations(250) 96 | popular_org_names = [r[0] for r in q] 97 | 98 | for popular_org_name in popular_org_names: 99 | if popular_org_name in text: 100 | if popular_org_name != text: 101 | print(f'{text} -> {popular_org_name}') 102 | text = popular_org_name 103 | break 104 | return text 105 | 106 | @staticmethod 107 | def light_clean(text): 108 | text = Cleaner.remove_leading_characters(text) 109 | text = Cleaner.remove_trailing_characters(text) 110 | return text 111 | 112 | @staticmethod 113 | def deep_clean(text): 114 | text = Cleaner.replace_by_popular_contained(text) 115 | return text 116 | 117 | @staticmethod 118 | def is_consultee_list(filename): 119 | return any(s in filename for s in [ 'Remissmissiv', 120 | 'Remisslista', 121 | 'Remiss av' 122 | ]) 123 | 124 | @staticmethod 125 | def is_other_document(filename): 126 | return not Cleaner.is_consultee_list(filename) and \ 127 | ('Remissammanställning' in filename 128 | or 'Remissbrev' in filename 129 | or 'Promemoria' in filename 130 | or 'Remiss-PM' in filename 131 | or 'Remiss av' in filename 132 | or 'Inbjudan' in filename) 133 | 134 | @staticmethod 135 | def long_substr(data): 136 | substr = '' 137 | if len(data) > 1 and len(data[0]) > 0: 138 | for i in range(len(data[0])): 139 | for j in range(len(data[0])-i+1): 140 | if (j > len(substr) 141 | and all(data[0][i:i+j] in x for x in data)): 142 | substr = data[0][i:i+j] 143 | return substr 144 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /service/document_parser.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | import re 2 | 3 | import pandas as pd 4 | from pikepdf import Pdf 5 | 6 | from service.ocr import OCR 7 | from service.tabula_parser import TabulaParser 8 | 9 | 10 | class DocumentParser(object): 11 | 12 | @staticmethod 13 | def extract_list(filename): 14 | first_page = TabulaParser.extract_first_page(filename) 15 | next_pages = TabulaParser.extract_next_pages(filename) 16 | 17 | if first_page is None and next_pages is None: 18 | return 19 | 20 | all_pages = first_page + next_pages 21 | 22 | if (DocumentParser.has_scanned_pages(filename, all_pages) 23 | and '-ocr.pdf' not in filename): 24 | print('Document is at least partly a scan, attempting ocr...') 25 | filename = OCR.ocr(filename) 26 | 27 | return DocumentParser.extract_list(filename) 28 | 29 | all_rows = DocumentParser.pick_right_columns(all_pages) 30 | all_rows = all_rows.tolist() 31 | 32 | start = DocumentParser.detect_start(all_rows) 33 | 34 | if not start: 35 | print('Document is most likely not a remissinstans.') 36 | 37 | if '-ocr.pdf' not in filename: 38 | print('Attempting a scan in case it fixes an issue...') 39 | filename = OCR.ocr(filename) 40 | 41 | return DocumentParser.extract_list(filename) 42 | 43 | return 44 | 45 | consultee_list = all_rows[start:] 46 | 47 | end = DocumentParser.detect_end(consultee_list) 48 | 49 | if end: 50 | consultee_list = consultee_list[:end] 51 | 52 | consultee_list = DocumentParser.remove_page_numbers(consultee_list) 53 | consultee_list = DocumentParser.remove_footer_lines(consultee_list) 54 | consultee_list = DocumentParser.remove_leading_numbers(consultee_list) 55 | consultee_list = DocumentParser.remove_leading_spaces(consultee_list) 56 | consultee_list = DocumentParser.merge_multiline(consultee_list) 57 | consultee_list = DocumentParser.remove_trailing_comma(consultee_list) 58 | consultee_list = DocumentParser.remove_last_paragraph(consultee_list) 59 | 60 | return consultee_list 61 | 62 | @staticmethod 63 | def has_scanned_pages(filename, all_pages): 64 | return all_pages and len(all_pages) < len(Pdf.open(filename).pages) 65 | 66 | @staticmethod 67 | def pick_right_columns(df_list): 68 | all_rows = pd.Series(dtype=pd.StringDtype()) 69 | 70 | for df in df_list: 71 | right_column = df[df.columns[0]] 72 | 73 | len_right_column = right_column.astype(str).str.len().sum() 74 | 75 | for i in range(1, len(df.columns)): 76 | column = df[df.columns[i]] 77 | len_column = column.astype(str).str.len().sum() 78 | 79 | if len_column > len_right_column: 80 | len_right_column = len_column 81 | right_column = column 82 | 83 | all_rows= pd.concat([all_rows, right_column]) 84 | 85 | return all_rows.dropna() 86 | 87 | @staticmethod 88 | def detect_start(rows): 89 | for i, s in enumerate(rows): 90 | words = ['remissinstans', 'sändlista'] 91 | 92 | if (any(word in str(s).lower() for word in words) 93 | and len(s.split()) <= 2): 94 | return i + 1 95 | 96 | return None 97 | 98 | @staticmethod 99 | def detect_end(rows): 100 | for i, s in enumerate(rows): 101 | words = ['remiss', 'remitt', 'betänkande', ' har '] 102 | 103 | if any(word in str(s).lower() for word in words): 104 | return i 105 | 106 | return None 107 | 108 | @staticmethod 109 | def remove_page_numbers(rows): 110 | i = 0 111 | while i < len(rows): 112 | if re.match('[0-9]{1,2} \([0-9]{1,2}\)', rows[i]): 113 | del rows[i] 114 | i -= 1 115 | 116 | i += 1 117 | 118 | return rows 119 | 120 | @staticmethod 121 | def remove_footer_lines(rows): 122 | i = 0 123 | while i < len(rows): 124 | row = rows[i] 125 | words = [ 126 | 'telefonväxel', 127 | 'postadress', 128 | 'fax:', 129 | 'besöksadress', 130 | '08-405', 131 | 'webb:', 132 | '33 st' 133 | ] 134 | 135 | if any(word in str(row).lower() for word in words): 136 | del rows[i] 137 | i -= 1 138 | 139 | i += 1 140 | 141 | return rows 142 | 143 | @staticmethod 144 | def remove_leading_numbers(rows): 145 | for i in range(len(rows)): 146 | row = rows[i] 147 | if '.' in row[:5]: 148 | num = row[:row.index('.')] 149 | num = num.replace('l', '1') 150 | num = num.replace('O', '0') 151 | num = num.replace(' ', '') 152 | 153 | row = num + row[row.index('.'):] 154 | 155 | 156 | row = re.sub(r'^\d{1,3}\.', '', row) # Remove '1. ', '2. ', '3. '... 157 | row = re.sub(r'^\d{1,3}\s', '', row) # Remove '1 ', '2 ', '3 '... 158 | rows[i] = row 159 | 160 | return rows 161 | 162 | @staticmethod 163 | def remove_leading_spaces(rows): 164 | return [row.lstrip() for row in rows] 165 | 166 | @staticmethod 167 | def merge_multiline(rows): 168 | i = 0 169 | while i < len(rows): 170 | if i < len(rows): 171 | row = rows[i] 172 | else: 173 | continue 174 | 175 | if row: 176 | r = row[0] 177 | else: 178 | i += 1 179 | continue 180 | 181 | #if rows[i - 1][-1:] == ',' and row[-1:] != ',': 182 | # # Trailing comma that doesn't seem to be the norm 183 | # rows[i - 1] += ' ' + row 184 | # del rows[i] 185 | 186 | if (')' in row 187 | and '(' not in row): 188 | # Unclosed parenthesis 189 | rows[i - 1] += ' ' + rows[i] 190 | del rows[i] 191 | continue 192 | 193 | if (i > 0 194 | and not r.isupper() # If not capital letter 195 | and len(rows[i - 1]) > 60): # and the previous row is long 196 | if rows[i - 1].endswith('-'): 197 | # Merges word split with '-' 198 | rows[i - 1] = rows[i - 1][:-1] + row 199 | else: 200 | # Merges lines cut between two words 201 | rows[i - 1] += ' ' + row 202 | 203 | del rows[i] 204 | continue 205 | i += 1 206 | return rows 207 | 208 | @staticmethod 209 | def remove_trailing_comma(rows): 210 | return [row.rstrip(',') for row in rows] 211 | 212 | @staticmethod 213 | def remove_last_paragraph(rows): 214 | for i, s in enumerate(rows): 215 | if len(s.split()) >= 17: 216 | if ('(' not in s or ')' not in s 217 | or len(s[s.index('('):s.index(')')]) / len(s) < 0.5): 218 | return rows[:i] 219 | 220 | return rows 221 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | This code is the result of a **[Civic Tech](https://civictech.se) hackathon in Göteborg in September 2018** 🤓. 2 | It was written by [Emil Hemdal](https://github.com/emilhem), Albin and [Pierre Mesure](https://github.com/PierreMesure). 3 | 4 | # What does it do? 🖨 5 | 6 | This is a script that scraps data from [regeringen.se](regeringen.se). 7 | For now, it only looks for [remisser](https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remiss), 8 | lists them and builds a dataset containing information about these remissprocesses. 9 | 10 | You can read more on how to run the script and which data it saves. 11 | 12 | The result is saved in an SQL database. 13 | 14 | # Why? 📕📗📘 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | **Regeringskansliet**, the Swedish government's chancellery, has very little open data. 19 | Theoretically, all of their documents are available publicly on [regeringen.se](regeringen.se), 20 | but a weak search engine (which doesn't search for keywords through the content of the page or documents) and the lack of structured data (most of the documents are available as PDF with various formattings) 21 | make it virtually impossible for journalists, researchers and activists from civil society to delve in this information and scrutinize the government's actions. 22 | 23 | Apart from this valuable work by counterpowers, this lack of open structured data also prevents civil servants from working efficiently 24 | and other public agencies to use the information released. 25 | 26 | The Swedish parliament, **Riksdagen**, includes some of the government's documents on their website (bills, [SOUs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statens_offentliga_utredningar)) 27 | but they get this as PDF from Regeringskansliet and have to parse the content to display it, making it harder for them to inform citizens. 28 | 29 | The end result is impossible to use in a good way. 30 | Formatting is lost, page numbers and tables get inserted in the text and no structure is preserved. 31 | See example [here](http://www.riksdagen.se/sv/dokument-lagar/dokument/proposition/ett-klimatpolitiskt-ramverk-for-sverige_H403146/html). 32 | 33 | # Goal 🎯 34 | 35 | Our goal with this small script is to show how ridiculously hard it is to find simple information such as: 36 | - which organisations does the government ask? 37 | - which organisations answer? 38 | - how many times have they asked each organisation and how many times do they answer? 39 | 40 | Statistical information would already help counterpowers to say who the government is picking to help them to shape a bill. 41 | Big interest groups? NGOs? Local associations? These are important democratic issues. 42 | 43 | And that would only require a structured list of remisser and remisssvar. 44 | 45 | If Regeringskansliet was also publishing remissvar's content in a structured format, techniques such as semantic analysis 46 | could be applied to analyze the proximity of a remissvar and a bill to determine which organisations influenced most. 47 | This is already done to study the impact of lobbying in the [EU](https://www.politico.eu/article/7-tools-on-eu-governance-brussels-lobbying-governance-open-data/) 48 | and the [US](https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fdata.2018.00003/full) parliaments. 49 | 50 | # First results 📊 51 | 52 | ** EDIT: The script has now been improved and you can find better updated results in this [spreadsheet](https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1AIS7-yGfAPyUEFGaXg6gxAv2-7_Q2QQUTiKQJU7weNg/edit?usp=sharing).** 53 | The hackathon was just one day and we realised while doing it that the quality of the "data" was poorer than expected: 54 | - [regeringen.se](regeringen.se) only shows the last 894 remisser, the oldest one being from the 02/04/2015. We harvested the name and link of 23353 attached files. 55 | - we used the file names as the name of the organisation (for lack of something better) and although that worked most of the time, 56 | a lot of names include a typo (`Stockholm universitet` instead of `Stockholms universitet`), a number (`35. Stockholms universitet`) 57 | or something else which requires manual cleaning of the data. 58 | - we had no choice but to group local branches of national organisations (`LO Dalarna` becoming `LO`) and suborganisations (`Sverigesingenjörer`, `Sveriges Läkarförbund`, etc. becoming `SACO`, which explains the high number for them as they usually send their answers separately for each remiss) 59 | 60 | However, we managed to get a shortlist of organisations sorted by which answers the most to remisser, 61 | and we filtered it manually to show only interest groups: 62 | 63 | # 🏆 64 | 65 | | Rank | Organisation | # | 66 | | -- | --------------------------- | -- | 67 | | 🥇 | Sveriges advokatsamfund | 124 | 68 | | 🥈 | Svenskt näringsliv | 118 | 69 | | 🥉 | SACO | 115 | 70 | | 4 | LO | 86 | 71 | | 5 | Företagarna | 80 | 72 | | 6 | Lantbrukarnas Riksförbund | 73 | 73 | | 7 | Fastighetsägarna | 57 | 74 | | 7 | Skogsindustrierna | 54 | 75 | | 9 | Näringslivets Regelnämnd | 52 | 76 | | 10 | Avfall Sverige | 48 | 77 | | 10 | Svenska Bankföreningen | 48 | 78 | | 12 | Sveriges Byggindustrier | 47 | 79 | | 13 | Svenska kyrkan | 43 | 80 | | 14 | Naturskyddsföreningen | 40 | 81 | | 15 | Svensk Handel | 39 | 82 | | 16 | Energigas Sverige | 33 | 83 | | 17 | Energiföretagen Sverige | 30 | 84 | | 18 | Svensk Försäkring | 30 | 85 | | 19 | BIL Sweden | 28 | 86 | | 20 | Villaägarnas Riksörbund | 28 | 87 | 88 | You can run the script yourself to get the raw data or find it in this Google [spreadsheet](https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1AIS7-yGfAPyUEFGaXg6gxAv2-7_Q2QQUTiKQJU7weNg/edit?usp=sharing). Don't hesitate to use it to make your own rankings and visualisations. 89 | 90 | ## What does that show us? 🧐 91 | 92 | There's really no conclusion we can jump to by seeing that **Svenskt näringsliv** answers to more remisser than **LO**. But as basic as this information can be, the fact that you have to know how to code and spend a Sunday in front of a screen to access it shows us a lack of transparency. 93 | 94 | In just one day, we didn't manage to extract, clean and restructure enough data to make conclusions on which organisations the government listens to most. But we hope it will motivate others to dive into more of this data and create more robust models to answer that question and more! 95 | 96 | # How can I contribute? 🙌 97 | 98 | Did we manage to get your attention with this small demo? 99 | Do you want to see more insights on all the information that Regeringskansliet has but doesn't publish in a usable format? 100 | 101 | There are 3 ways you can help: 102 | - if you can script, fork this project and try to fetch and analyse more data from [regeringen.se](regeringen.se)! 103 | Write some code to clean the data or to visualise it! 👩🏽‍💻 104 | - if you can't but have a profession/occupation which would benefit from having this data available (journalist, politician, researcher), 105 | contact the government to ask them to release it! Explain to them what you could do with it. 👨🏻‍⚕️ 106 | - ask the government to reform its [offentlighetsprincip](https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Offentlighetsprincipen) 107 | to require that any piece of public data be available online in a structured format. 108 | Canada, the UK, Germany or France are doing it, it's time for Sweden to catch up! 🙋🏻‍♀️ 109 | 110 | And don't hesitate to contact us, we love hearing from opengov enthusiasts! ❤️ 111 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /test/service/test_document_parser.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | from service.document_parser import DocumentParser 2 | 3 | def assert_document_parser(filepath, 4 | expected_result): 5 | assert DocumentParser.extract_list(filepath) == expected_result 6 | 7 | def assert_document_parser_size(filepath, 8 | expected_size): 9 | assert len(DocumentParser.extract_list(filepath)) == expected_size 10 | 11 | def test_with_pdf_1(): 12 | # Socialdepartementet/2019 13 | expected_result = [ 14 | 'Autism- och Aspergerförbundet', 15 | 'Barnombudsmannen', 16 | 'Biobank Sverige', 17 | 'Blekinge läns landsting', 18 | 'Dalarnas läns landsting', 19 | 'Datainspektionen', 20 | 'Etikprövningsmyndigheten', 21 | 'FUB', 22 | 'Funktionsrätt Sverige', 23 | 'Förvaltningsrätten i Göteborg', 24 | 'Gotlands kommun', 25 | 'Gävleborgs läns landsting', 26 | 'Göteborgs universitet', 27 | 'Hallands läns landsting', 28 | 'Hälso- och sjukvårdens ansvarsnämnd (HSAN)', 29 | 'Inspektionen för vård och omsorg (IVO)', 30 | 'Judiska Centralrådet', 31 | 'Justitiekanslern', 32 | 'Jämtlands läns landsting', 33 | 'Jönköpings läns landsting', 34 | 'Kalmar läns landsting', 35 | 'Karolinska institutet', 36 | 'Kronobergs läns landsting', 37 | 'Landstingens Ömsesidiga Försäkringsbolag (LÖF)', 38 | 'Livet som gåva', 39 | 'Lunds universitet', 40 | 'MOD Merorgandonation', 41 | 'Norrbottens läns landsting', 42 | 'Njurförbundet', 43 | 'Pensionärernas Riksorganisation (PRO)', 44 | 'Riksdagens ombudsmän (JO)', 45 | 'Rättsmedicinalverket', 46 | 'Skåne läns landsting', 47 | 'Socialstyrelsen', 48 | 'SPF Seniorerna', 49 | 'Statens beredning för medicinsk och social utvärdering (SBU)', 50 | 'Statens medicinsk-etiska råd (Smer)', 51 | 'Stockholms läns landsting', 52 | 'Svenska kyrkan', 53 | 'Svenska läkaresällskapet', 54 | 'Svensk sjuksköterskeförening', 55 | 'Sveriges Kommuner och Landsting (SKL)', 56 | 'Sveriges kristna råd', 57 | 'Sveriges läkarförbund', 58 | 'Sveriges Muslimska Råd', 59 | 'Sveriges psykologförbund', 60 | 'Södermanlands läns landsting', 61 | 'Södertörns tingsrätt', 62 | 'Uppsala läns landsting', 63 | 'Uppsala universitet', 64 | 'Vårdförbundet', 65 | 'Värmlands läns landsting', 66 | 'Västerbottens läns landsting', 67 | 'Västernorrlands läns landsting', 68 | 'Västmanlands läns landsting', 69 | 'Västra Götalands läns landsting', 70 | 'Vävnadsrådet', 71 | 'Örebro läns landsting', 72 | 'Östergötlands läns landsting' 73 | ] 74 | assert_document_parser('tmp/1/1.pdf', 75 | expected_result) 76 | 77 | def test_with_pdf_2(): 78 | # Arbetsmarknadsdepartementet/2019 79 | expected_result = [ 80 | 'Alla Kvinnors Hus Karlstad', 81 | 'Alvesta kommun', 82 | 'Barnombudsmannen', 83 | 'Borgholm kommun', 84 | 'Brottsofferjouren Sverige', 85 | 'Brottsoffermyndigheten', 86 | 'Domstolsverket', 87 | 'Falu kommun', 88 | 'Freezonen (Kvinnojouren, Tjejjouren och Brottsofferjouren i Sydöstra Skåne)', 89 | 'Förvaltningsrätten i Stockholm', 90 | 'Förvaltningsrätten i Umeå', 91 | 'Förvaltningsrätten i Uppsala', 92 | 'Gällivare kommun', 93 | 'Göteborgs kommun', 94 | 'Habo kommun', 95 | 'Helsingborgs kommun', 96 | 'Härnösands kommun', 97 | 'Hässleholms kommun', 98 | 'Jämställdhetsmyndigheten', 99 | 'Kammarrätten i Jönköping', 100 | 'Klippan kommun', 101 | 'Konkurrensverket', 102 | 'Kungsbacka kommun', 103 | 'Kvinnojouren – en fristad i ingenmansland', 104 | 'Kvinnojouren Sigtuna', 105 | 'Kvinnors nätverk', 106 | 'Landskrona kommun', 107 | 'Lerum kommun', 108 | 'Länsstyrelsen i Norrbotten', 109 | 'Länsstyrelsen i Skåne län', 110 | 'Länsstyrelsen i Västra Götalands län', 111 | 'Länsstyrelsen i Östergötland', 112 | 'Malmö kommun', 113 | 'Motala kommun', 114 | 'Myndigheten för ungdoms- och civilsamhällesfrågor (MUCF)', 115 | 'Män', 116 | 'Nordmaling kommun', 117 | 'Riksförbundet för homosexuellas, bisexuellas, transpersoners och queeras rättigheter (RFSL)', 118 | 'Rikskriscentrum, Sveriges professionella kriscentra för män', 119 | 'Riksorganisationen Glöm aldrig Pela och Fadime (GAPF)', 120 | 'Riksföreningen Stödcentrum mot incest och andra sexuella övergrepp (Rise)', 121 | 'Riksorganisationen för kvinnojourer och tjejjourer i Sverige (Roks)', 122 | 'Ronneby kommun', 123 | 'Rädda Barnens riksförbund', 124 | 'Sigtuna kommun', 125 | 'Simrishamns kommun', 126 | 'Skyddsjouren i Ängelholm', 127 | 'Socialstyrelsen', 128 | 'Sollentuna kommun', 129 | 'Sollentuna kvinnojour', 130 | 'Stadsmissionen', 131 | 'Stiftelsen Manscentrum i Stockholm', 132 | 'Stockholms läns landsting', 133 | 'Stockholms kommun', 134 | 'Stockholms tjejjour', 135 | 'Sunne kommun', 136 | 'Sveriges Kommuner och Landsting', 137 | 'Sveriges kvinnolobby', 138 | 'Södermanlands läns landsting', 139 | 'Talita', 140 | 'Terrafem', 141 | 'Tjejjouren Väst', 142 | 'Tjejzonen', 143 | 'Tranås kommun', 144 | 'Trelleborgs kommun', 145 | 'Tjejers rätt i samhället (TRIS)', 146 | 'Ulricehamns kommun', 147 | 'Unizon', 148 | 'Upphandlingsmyndigheten', 149 | 'Vara kommun', 150 | 'Värmlands mansforum', 151 | 'Västerbottens läns landsting', 152 | 'Västerås kommun', 153 | 'Västra Götalands läns landsting', 154 | 'Åsele kommun', 155 | 'Östersunds kommun' 156 | ] 157 | assert_document_parser('tmp/2/47.pdf', 158 | expected_result) 159 | 160 | def test_with_pdf_3(): 161 | # Kulturdepartementet/2019 162 | assert_document_parser_size('tmp/3/97.pdf', 90) 163 | 164 | def test_with_pdf_4(): 165 | # Kulturdepartementet/2019 166 | assert_document_parser_size('tmp/4/162-ocr.pdf', 275) 167 | 168 | def test_with_pdf_84(): 169 | # Finansdepartementet/2020 170 | assert_document_parser_size('tmp/84/3365.pdf', 49) 171 | 172 | def test_with_pdf_158(): 173 | # Finansdepartementet/2020 174 | assert_document_parser_size('tmp/158/6290.pdf', 162) 175 | 176 | def test_with_pdf_162(): 177 | # Finansdepartementet/2020 178 | assert_document_parser_size('tmp/162/6477.pdf', 29) 179 | 180 | def test_with_pdf_174(): 181 | # Finansdepartementet/2020 182 | assert_document_parser_size('tmp/174/6902.pdf', 37) 183 | 184 | def test_with_pdf_187(): 185 | # Utbildningsdepartementet/2020 186 | assert_document_parser_size('tmp/187/7444.pdf', 109) 187 | 188 | def test_with_pdf_207(): 189 | # Justitiedepartementet/2020 190 | assert_document_parser_size('tmp/207/8247.pdf', 93) 191 | 192 | def test_with_pdf_255(): 193 | # Infrastrukturdepartementet/2020 194 | assert_document_parser_size('tmp/255/10204.pdf', 13) 195 | 196 | def test_with_pdf_271(): 197 | # Miljö- och energidepartementet/2019 198 | assert_document_parser_size('tmp/271/10795.pdf', 154) 199 | 200 | def test_with_pdf_305(): 201 | # Infrastrukturdepartementet/2020 202 | assert_document_parser_size('tmp/305/12211.pdf', 8) 203 | 204 | def test_with_pdf_443(): 205 | # Socialdepartementet/2020 206 | assert_document_parser_size('tmp/443/18259.pdf', 77) 207 | 208 | def test_with_pdf_452(): 209 | # Kulturdepartementet/2020 210 | assert_document_parser_size('tmp/452/18629.pdf', 88) 211 | 212 | def test_with_pdf_554(): 213 | # Försvarsdepartementet/2021 214 | assert_document_parser_size('tmp/554/23075.pdf', 11) 215 | 216 | def test_with_pdf_642(): 217 | # Justitiedepartementet/2021 218 | assert_document_parser_size('tmp/642/26836.pdf', 50) 219 | 220 | def test_with_pdf_885(): 221 | # Justitiedepartementet/2022 222 | assert_document_parser_size('tmp/885/37864.pdf', 25) 223 | 224 | def test_with_pdf_1057(): 225 | # Justitiedepartementet/2015 226 | assert_document_parser_size('tmp/1057/43258-ocr.pdf', 31) 227 | 228 | def test_with_pdf_1073(): 229 | # Näringsdepartementet/2015 230 | assert_document_parser_size('tmp/1073/43584-ocr.pdf', 77) 231 | 232 | def test_with_pdf_1114(): 233 | # Miljö- och energidepartementet/2015 234 | assert_document_parser_size('tmp/1114/44311.pdf', 16) 235 | 236 | def test_with_pdf_1201(): 237 | # Justitiedepartementet/2015 238 | assert_document_parser_size('tmp/1201/46516-ocr.pdf', 29) 239 | 240 | def test_with_pdf_1259(): 241 | # Finansdepartementet/2016 242 | assert_document_parser_size('tmp/1259/47863.pdf', 32 ) 243 | 244 | def test_with_pdf_1262(): 245 | # Justitiedepartementet/2016 246 | assert_document_parser_size('tmp/1262/47866.pdf', 62) 247 | 248 | def test_with_pdf_1334(): 249 | # Näringsdepartementet/2016 250 | assert_document_parser_size('tmp/1334/50171.pdf', 148) 251 | 252 | def test_with_pdf_1356(): 253 | # Kulturdepartementet/2016 254 | assert_document_parser_size('tmp/1356/50961.pdf', 123) 255 | 256 | def test_with_pdf_1368(): 257 | # Justitiedepartementet/2016 258 | assert_document_parser_size('tmp/1368/51107.pdf', 75) 259 | 260 | def test_with_pdf_1401(): 261 | # Justitiedepartementet/2016 262 | assert_document_parser_size('tmp/1401/52269.pdf', 24) 263 | 264 | def test_with_pdf_1460(): 265 | # Utbildningsdepartementet/2017 266 | assert_document_parser_size('tmp/1460/53654.pdf', 89) 267 | 268 | def test_with_pdf_1549(): 269 | # Miljö- och energidepartementet/2017 270 | assert_document_parser_size('tmp/1549/56528.pdf', 128) 271 | 272 | def test_with_pdf_1597(): 273 | # Näringsdepartementet/2017 274 | assert_document_parser_size('tmp/1597/57682.pdf', 103) 275 | 276 | def test_with_pdf_1864(): 277 | # Näringsdepartementet/2018 278 | assert_document_parser_size('tmp/1864/67023.pdf', 159) 279 | 280 | def test_with_pdf_1949(): 281 | # Infrastrukturdepartementet/2019 282 | assert_document_parser_size('tmp/1949/70170.pdf', 27) 283 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /LICENSE: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | GNU AFFERO GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE 2 | Version 3, 19 November 2007 3 | 4 | Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 5 | Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies 6 | of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. 7 | 8 | Preamble 9 | 10 | The GNU Affero General Public License is a free, copyleft license for 11 | software and other kinds of works, specifically designed to ensure 12 | cooperation with the community in the case of network server software. 13 | 14 | The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed 15 | to take away your freedom to share and change the works. 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If additional permissions 338 | apply only to part of the Program, that part may be used separately 339 | under those permissions, but the entire Program remains governed by 340 | this License without regard to the additional permissions. 341 | 342 | When you convey a copy of a covered work, you may at your option 343 | remove any additional permissions from that copy, or from any part of 344 | it. (Additional permissions may be written to require their own 345 | removal in certain cases when you modify the work.) 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Automatic Licensing of Downstream Recipients. 435 | 436 | Each time you convey a covered work, the recipient automatically 437 | receives a license from the original licensors, to run, modify and 438 | propagate that work, subject to this License. You are not responsible 439 | for enforcing compliance by third parties with this License. 440 | 441 | An "entity transaction" is a transaction transferring control of an 442 | organization, or substantially all assets of one, or subdividing an 443 | organization, or merging organizations. 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Patents. 460 | 461 | A "contributor" is a copyright holder who authorizes use under this 462 | License of the Program or a work on which the Program is based. The 463 | work thus licensed is called the contributor's "contributor version". 464 | 465 | A contributor's "essential patent claims" are all patent claims 466 | owned or controlled by the contributor, whether already acquired or 467 | hereafter acquired, that would be infringed by some manner, permitted 468 | by this License, of making, using, or selling its contributor version, 469 | but do not include claims that would be infringed only as a 470 | consequence of further modification of the contributor version. For 471 | purposes of this definition, "control" includes the right to grant 472 | patent sublicenses in a manner consistent with the requirements of 473 | this License. 474 | 475 | Each contributor grants you a non-exclusive, worldwide, royalty-free 476 | patent license under the contributor's essential patent claims, to 477 | make, use, sell, offer for sale, import and otherwise run, modify and 478 | propagate the contents of its contributor version. 479 | 480 | In the following three paragraphs, a "patent license" is any express 481 | agreement or commitment, however denominated, not to enforce a patent 482 | (such as an express permission to practice a patent or covenant not to 483 | sue for patent infringement). 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"Knowingly relying" means you have 496 | actual knowledge that, but for the patent license, your conveying the 497 | covered work in a country, or your recipient's use of the covered work 498 | in a country, would infringe one or more identifiable patents in that 499 | country that you have reason to believe are valid. 500 | 501 | If, pursuant to or in connection with a single transaction or 502 | arrangement, you convey, or propagate by procuring conveyance of, a 503 | covered work, and grant a patent license to some of the parties 504 | receiving the covered work authorizing them to use, propagate, modify 505 | or convey a specific copy of the covered work, then the patent license 506 | you grant is automatically extended to all recipients of the covered 507 | work and works based on it. 508 | 509 | A patent license is "discriminatory" if it does not include within 510 | the scope of its coverage, prohibits the exercise of, or is 511 | conditioned on the non-exercise of one or more of the rights that are 512 | specifically granted under this License. You may not convey a covered 513 | work if you are a party to an arrangement with a third party that is 514 | in the business of distributing software, under which you make payment 515 | to the third party based on the extent of your activity of conveying 516 | the work, and under which the third party grants, to any of the 517 | parties who would receive the covered work from you, a discriminatory 518 | patent license (a) in connection with copies of the covered work 519 | conveyed by you (or copies made from those copies), or (b) primarily 520 | for and in connection with specific products or compilations that 521 | contain the covered work, unless you entered into that arrangement, 522 | or that patent license was granted, prior to 28 March 2007. 523 | 524 | Nothing in this License shall be construed as excluding or limiting 525 | any implied license or other defenses to infringement that may 526 | otherwise be available to you under applicable patent law. 527 | 528 | 12. No Surrender of Others' Freedom. 529 | 530 | If conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or 531 | otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not 532 | excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot convey a 533 | covered work so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this 534 | License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you may 535 | not convey it at all. For example, if you agree to terms that obligate you 536 | to collect a royalty for further conveying from those to whom you convey 537 | the Program, the only way you could satisfy both those terms and this 538 | License would be to refrain entirely from conveying the Program. 539 | 540 | 13. Remote Network Interaction; Use with the GNU General Public License. 541 | 542 | Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, if you modify the 543 | Program, your modified version must prominently offer all users 544 | interacting with it remotely through a computer network (if your version 545 | supports such interaction) an opportunity to receive the Corresponding 546 | Source of your version by providing access to the Corresponding Source 547 | from a network server at no charge, through some standard or customary 548 | means of facilitating copying of software. This Corresponding Source 549 | shall include the Corresponding Source for any work covered by version 3 550 | of the GNU General Public License that is incorporated pursuant to the 551 | following paragraph. 552 | 553 | Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, you have 554 | permission to link or combine any covered work with a work licensed 555 | under version 3 of the GNU General Public License into a single 556 | combined work, and to convey the resulting work. The terms of this 557 | License will continue to apply to the part which is the covered work, 558 | but the work with which it is combined will remain governed by version 559 | 3 of the GNU General Public License. 560 | 561 | 14. Revised Versions of this License. 562 | 563 | The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of 564 | the GNU Affero General Public License from time to time. Such new versions 565 | will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to 566 | address new problems or concerns. 567 | 568 | Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the 569 | Program specifies that a certain numbered version of the GNU Affero General 570 | Public License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the 571 | option of following the terms and conditions either of that numbered 572 | version or of any later version published by the Free Software 573 | Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of the 574 | GNU Affero General Public License, you may choose any version ever published 575 | by the Free Software Foundation. 576 | 577 | If the Program specifies that a proxy can decide which future 578 | versions of the GNU Affero General Public License can be used, that proxy's 579 | public statement of acceptance of a version permanently authorizes you 580 | to choose that version for the Program. 581 | 582 | Later license versions may give you additional or different 583 | permissions. However, no additional obligations are imposed on any 584 | author or copyright holder as a result of your choosing to follow a 585 | later version. 586 | 587 | 15. Disclaimer of Warranty. 588 | 589 | THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY 590 | APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT 591 | HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY 592 | OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, 593 | THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR 594 | PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM 595 | IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF 596 | ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION. 597 | 598 | 16. Limitation of Liability. 599 | 600 | IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING 601 | WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES AND/OR CONVEYS 602 | THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY 603 | GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE 604 | USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF 605 | DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD 606 | PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), 607 | EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 608 | SUCH DAMAGES. 609 | 610 | 17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16. 611 | 612 | If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided 613 | above cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms, 614 | reviewing courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates 615 | an absolute waiver of all civil liability in connection with the 616 | Program, unless a warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a 617 | copy of the Program in return for a fee. 618 | 619 | END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS 620 | 621 | How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs 622 | 623 | If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest 624 | possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it 625 | free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms. 626 | 627 | To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest 628 | to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively 629 | state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least 630 | the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found. 631 | 632 | 633 | Copyright (C) 634 | 635 | This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify 636 | it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published 637 | by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or 638 | (at your option) any later version. 639 | 640 | This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 641 | but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 642 | MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 643 | GNU Affero General Public License for more details. 644 | 645 | You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License 646 | along with this program. If not, see . 647 | 648 | Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail. 649 | 650 | If your software can interact with users remotely through a computer 651 | network, you should also make sure that it provides a way for users to 652 | get its source. For example, if your program is a web application, its 653 | interface could display a "Source" link that leads users to an archive 654 | of the code. There are many ways you could offer source, and different 655 | solutions will be better for different programs; see section 13 for the 656 | specific requirements. 657 | 658 | You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school, 659 | if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary. 660 | For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU AGPL, see 661 | . 662 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /illustration.svg: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | PD 30 | F 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 35 | 36 | 37 | 38 | 39 | 40 | 41 | 42 | 43 | 44 | 45 | 46 | 47 | 48 | 49 | 50 | 51 | 52 | 53 | 54 | 55 | 56 | 57 | 🔎 58 | 59 | 60 | 61 | 62 | 63 | 64 | 65 | 66 | 67 | 68 | 69 | 70 | 71 | 72 | 73 | 74 | 75 | 76 | 77 | 78 | 79 | 80 | 81 | 💁🏻‍♂️ 82 | 83 | 84 | 🙎🏻‍♂️ 85 | 86 | 87 | 🙅🏼‍♀️ 88 | 89 | 90 | 💩 91 | 92 | 93 | 🤦🏾‍♀️ 94 | 95 | 96 | ✉️ 97 | 📚 98 | 📑 99 | 100 | 101 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------