├── .gitignore ├── Art ├── EditPlus1.png ├── EditPlus2.png ├── EditPlus3.png └── EditPlus4.png ├── LICENSE ├── PDT ├── EditPlus.zip └── EditPlus使用技巧.md ├── PythonCode ├── Python入门 │ ├── Dict │ │ ├── dict.py │ │ ├── dict的特点.py │ │ ├── 更新dict.py │ │ ├── 访问dict.py │ │ └── 遍历dict.py │ ├── List │ │ ├── List删除元素.py │ │ ├── List替换元素.py │ │ ├── List添加新元素.py │ │ ├── 倒叙访问List.py │ │ ├── 创建List.py │ │ └── 按照索引访问List.py │ ├── Python基本数据类型 │ │ ├── Unicode字符串.py │ │ ├── hello.py │ │ ├── print语句.py │ │ ├── raw字符串与多行字符串.py │ │ ├── 变量.py │ │ ├── 字符串.py │ │ ├── 布尔类型.py │ │ ├── 数据类型.py │ │ ├── 整数和浮点数.py │ │ └── 注释.py │ ├── Set │ │ ├── set基础.py │ │ ├── set特点.py │ │ ├── 更新set.py │ │ ├── 访问set.py │ │ └── 遍历set.py │ ├── Tuple │ │ ├── Tuple创建.py │ │ ├── 创建单元素Tuple.py │ │ └── 可变的Tuple.py │ ├── 函数 │ │ ├── 函数入门.py │ │ ├── 定义可变参数.py │ │ ├── 定义默认参数.py │ │ ├── 编写函数.py │ │ ├── 调用函数.py │ │ ├── 返回多值.py │ │ └── 递归函数.py │ ├── 切片 │ │ ├── 倒序切片.py │ │ ├── 字符串切片.py │ │ └── 对List进行切片.py │ ├── 列表生成器 │ │ ├── 复杂表达式.py │ │ ├── 多层表达式.py │ │ ├── 条件过滤.py │ │ └── 生成列表.py │ ├── 条件判断和循环 │ │ ├── break退出循环.py │ │ ├── continue继续循环.py │ │ ├── for循环.py │ │ ├── if-else.py │ │ ├── if-elseif-else.py │ │ ├── if语句.py │ │ ├── while循环.py │ │ └── 多重循环.py │ └── 迭代 │ │ ├── 索引迭代.py │ │ ├── 迭代.py │ │ ├── 迭代dict中的key和value.py │ │ └── 迭代dict中的value.py └── Python进阶 │ ├── 函数编程 │ ├── filter函数.py │ ├── map函数.py │ ├── reduce函数.py │ ├── 偏函数.py │ ├── 函数式编程简介.py │ ├── 匿名函数.py │ ├── 完善decorator.py │ ├── 带参decorator.py │ ├── 无参decorator.py │ ├── 自定义排序函数.py │ ├── 装饰器-decorator.py │ ├── 返回函数.py │ ├── 闭包.py │ └── 高阶函数.py │ ├── 定制类 │ ├── @property.py │ ├── __call__.py │ ├── __cmp__.py │ ├── __len__.py │ ├── __slots__限制属性.py │ ├── __str__和__repr__.py │ ├── 数学运算.py │ ├── 特殊方法.txt │ └── 类型转换.py │ ├── 模块 │ ├── 使用__future__.py │ ├── 动态导入模块.py │ ├── 导入模块.py │ ├── 导入第三方模块.txt │ └── 模块和包的概念.txt │ ├── 类的继承 │ ├── 判断类型.py │ ├── 多态.py │ ├── 多重继承.py │ ├── 类的继承.txt │ ├── 继承一个类.py │ └── 获取对象信息.py │ └── 面向对象基础 │ ├── 创建实例属性.py │ ├── 创建类属性.py │ ├── 初始化实例属性.py │ ├── 定义实例方法.py │ ├── 定义类并创建实例.py │ ├── 定义类方法.py │ ├── 方法也是属性.py │ ├── 类属性和实例属性名字冲突.py │ ├── 访问限制.py │ └── 面向对象.txt ├── PythonTools └── Tools │ ├── factorial.py │ ├── log.py │ └── performace.py └── README.md /.gitignore: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # Byte-compiled / optimized / DLL files 2 | __pycache__/ 3 | *.py[cod] 4 | 5 | # C extensions 6 | *.so 7 | 8 | # Distribution / packaging 9 | .Python 10 | env/ 11 | build/ 12 | develop-eggs/ 13 | dist/ 14 | downloads/ 15 | eggs/ 16 | .eggs/ 17 | lib/ 18 | lib64/ 19 | parts/ 20 | sdist/ 21 | var/ 22 | *.egg-info/ 23 | .installed.cfg 24 | *.egg 25 | 26 | # PyInstaller 27 | # Usually these files are written by a python script from a template 28 | # before PyInstaller builds the exe, so as to inject date/other infos into it. 29 | *.manifest 30 | *.spec 31 | 32 | # Installer logs 33 | pip-log.txt 34 | pip-delete-this-directory.txt 35 | 36 | # Unit test / coverage reports 37 | htmlcov/ 38 | .tox/ 39 | .coverage 40 | .coverage.* 41 | .cache 42 | nosetests.xml 43 | coverage.xml 44 | *,cover 45 | 46 | # Translations 47 | *.mo 48 | *.pot 49 | 50 | # Django stuff: 51 | *.log 52 | 53 | # Sphinx documentation 54 | docs/_build/ 55 | 56 | # PyBuilder 57 | target/ 58 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /Art/EditPlus1.png: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/GcsSloop/PythonNote/bfcc5aaa8f8639a8acc2108a0334422883e038d9/Art/EditPlus1.png -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /Art/EditPlus2.png: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/GcsSloop/PythonNote/bfcc5aaa8f8639a8acc2108a0334422883e038d9/Art/EditPlus2.png -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /Art/EditPlus3.png: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/GcsSloop/PythonNote/bfcc5aaa8f8639a8acc2108a0334422883e038d9/Art/EditPlus3.png -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /Art/EditPlus4.png: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/GcsSloop/PythonNote/bfcc5aaa8f8639a8acc2108a0334422883e038d9/Art/EditPlus4.png -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /LICENSE: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | Apache License 2 | Version 2.0, January 2004 3 | http://www.apache.org/licenses/ 4 | 5 | TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR USE, REPRODUCTION, AND DISTRIBUTION 6 | 7 | 1. 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-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/GcsSloop/PythonNote/bfcc5aaa8f8639a8acc2108a0334422883e038d9/PDT/EditPlus.zip -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /PDT/EditPlus使用技巧.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # EditPlus使用技巧: 2 | 3 | ## 工具组 4 | EditPlus支持自定义工具组，使用工具组可以帮助我们更加方便快速的开发。 5 | 6 | ### 1.工具 —> 自定义工具组 7 | ![edit1](https://github.com/GcsSloop/PythonNote/blob/master/Art/EditPlus1.png) 8 | ### 2.选择一个未定义工具组 9 | ![edit1](https://github.com/GcsSloop/PythonNote/blob/master/Art/EditPlus2.png) 10 | ### 3.配置工具组 11 | 添加工具 —> 程序， 然后按照以下方式进行配置。 12 | 13 | 其中命令那一行指向python安装路径下的python.exe 14 | ![edit1](https://github.com/GcsSloop/PythonNote/blob/master/Art/EditPlus3.png) 15 | 16 | ### 4.选择已经定义好的工具组 17 | 工具组前面有小点则表示已选中，选中的工具组中的工具列表会出现在工具最下面，在最后面有使用的快捷键，例如我的是ctrl+1，可以直接运行当前正在编辑的python文件。 18 | ![edit1](https://github.com/GcsSloop/PythonNote/blob/master/Art/EditPlus4.png) 19 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /PythonCode/Python入门/Dict/dict.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #coding=utf-8 2 | #author: sloop 3 | ''' 4 | 任务 5 | 新来的Paul同学成绩是 75 分，请编写一个dict，把Paul同学的成绩也加进去。 6 | 7 | d = { 8 | 'Adam': 95, 9 | 'Lisa': 85, 10 | 'Bart': 59 11 | } 12 | ''' 13 | 14 | d = { 15 | 'Adam': 95, 16 | 'Lisa': 85, 17 | 'Bart': 59, 18 | 'Paul': 75 19 | } 20 | print u'大小=',len(d) 21 | for k,v in d.iteritems(): 22 | print k,':',v 23 | 24 | ''' 25 | 什么是dict 26 | 我们已经知道，list 和 tuple 可以用来表示顺序集合，例如，班里同学的名字： 27 | 28 | ['Adam', 'Lisa', 'Bart'] 29 | 或者考试的成绩列表： 30 | 31 | [95, 85, 59] 32 | 但是，要根据名字找到对应的成绩，用两个 list 表示就不方便。 33 | 34 | 如果把名字和分数关联起来，组成类似的查找表： 35 | 36 | 'Adam' ==> 95 37 | 'Lisa' ==> 85 38 | 'Bart' ==> 59 39 | 给定一个名字，就可以直接查到分数。 40 | 41 | Python的 dict 就是专门干这件事的。用 dict 表示“名字”-“成绩”的查找表如下： 42 | 43 | d = { 44 | 'Adam': 95, 45 | 'Lisa': 85, 46 | 'Bart': 59 47 | } 48 | 我们把名字称为key，对应的成绩称为value，dict就是通过 key 来查找 value。 49 | 50 | 花括号 {} 表示这是一个dict，然后按照 key: value, 写出来即可。最后一个 key: value 的逗号可以省略。 51 | 52 | 由于dict也是集合，len() 函数可以计算任意集合的大小： 53 | 54 | >>> len(d) 55 | 3 56 | 注意: 一个 key-value 算一个，因此，dict大小为3。 57 | ''' -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /PythonCode/Python入门/Dict/dict的特点.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/GcsSloop/PythonNote/bfcc5aaa8f8639a8acc2108a0334422883e038d9/PythonCode/Python入门/Dict/dict的特点.py -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /PythonCode/Python入门/Dict/更新dict.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/GcsSloop/PythonNote/bfcc5aaa8f8639a8acc2108a0334422883e038d9/PythonCode/Python入门/Dict/更新dict.py -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /PythonCode/Python入门/Dict/访问dict.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/GcsSloop/PythonNote/bfcc5aaa8f8639a8acc2108a0334422883e038d9/PythonCode/Python入门/Dict/访问dict.py -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /PythonCode/Python入门/Dict/遍历dict.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #coding=utf-8 2 | #author: sloop 3 | 4 | ''' 5 | 任务 6 | 请用 for 循环遍历如下的dict，打印出 name: score 来。 7 | 8 | d = { 9 | 'Adam': 95, 10 | 'Lisa': 85, 11 | 'Bart': 59 12 | } 13 | ''' 14 | 15 | #代码 16 | d = { 17 | 'Adam': 95, 18 | 'Lisa': 85, 19 | 'Bart': 59 20 | } 21 | 22 | print u'方式1--------------' 23 | for a in d: 24 | print a ,":",d[a] 25 | 26 | print u'方式2--------------' 27 | 28 | for key,value in zip(d.keys(),d.values()): 29 | print("%s:%s" %(key,value)) 30 | 31 | print u'方式3--------------' 32 | 33 | for k,v in d.items(): 34 | print k,':',v 35 | 36 | 37 | ''' 38 | 遍历dict 39 | 由于dict也是一个集合，所以，遍历dict和遍历list类似，都可以通过 for 循环实现。 40 | 41 | 直接使用for循环可以遍历 dict 的 key： 42 | 43 | >>> d = { 'Adam': 95, 'Lisa': 85, 'Bart': 59 } 44 | >>> for key in d: 45 | ... print key 46 | ... 47 | Lisa 48 | Adam 49 | Bart 50 | 由于通过 key 可以获取对应的 value，因此，在循环体内，可以获取到value的值。 51 | ''' -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /PythonCode/Python入门/List/List删除元素.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/GcsSloop/PythonNote/bfcc5aaa8f8639a8acc2108a0334422883e038d9/PythonCode/Python入门/List/List删除元素.py -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /PythonCode/Python入门/List/List替换元素.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/GcsSloop/PythonNote/bfcc5aaa8f8639a8acc2108a0334422883e038d9/PythonCode/Python入门/List/List替换元素.py -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /PythonCode/Python入门/List/List添加新元素.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/GcsSloop/PythonNote/bfcc5aaa8f8639a8acc2108a0334422883e038d9/PythonCode/Python入门/List/List添加新元素.py -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /PythonCode/Python入门/List/倒叙访问List.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/GcsSloop/PythonNote/bfcc5aaa8f8639a8acc2108a0334422883e038d9/PythonCode/Python入门/List/倒叙访问List.py -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /PythonCode/Python入门/List/创建List.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #coding=utf-8 2 | ''' 3 | 任务 4 | 假设班里有3名同学：Adam，Lisa和Bart，他们的成绩分别是 95.5，85 和 59，请按照 名字, 分数, 名字, 分数... 的顺序按照分数从高到低用一个list表示，然后打印出来。 5 | ''' 6 | 7 | #代码； 8 | L = ['adam', 95.5, 'lisa', 85, 'bart', 59] 9 | print L 10 | 11 | ''' 12 | 创建list 13 | Python内置的一种数据类型是列表：list。list是一种有序的集合，可以随时添加和删除其中的元素。 14 | 15 | 比如，列出班里所有同学的名字，就可以用一个list表示： 16 | 17 | >>> ['Michael', 'Bob', 'Tracy'] 18 | ['Michael', 'Bob', 'Tracy'] 19 | list是数学意义上的有序集合，也就是说，list中的元素是按照顺序排列的。 20 | 21 | 构造list非常简单，按照上面的代码，直接用 [ ] 把list的所有元素都括起来，就是一个list对象。通常，我们会把list赋值给一个变量，这样，就可以通过变量来引用list： 22 | 23 | >>> classmates = ['Michael', 'Bob', 'Tracy'] 24 | >>> classmates # 打印classmates变量的内容 25 | ['Michael', 'Bob', 'Tracy'] 26 | 由于Python是动态语言，所以list中包含的元素并不要求都必须是同一种数据类型，我们完全可以在list中包含各种数据： 27 | 28 | >>> L = ['Michael', 100, True] 29 | 一个元素也没有的list，就是空list： 30 | 31 | >>> empty_list = [] 32 | ''' -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /PythonCode/Python入门/List/按照索引访问List.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/GcsSloop/PythonNote/bfcc5aaa8f8639a8acc2108a0334422883e038d9/PythonCode/Python入门/List/按照索引访问List.py -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /PythonCode/Python入门/Python基本数据类型/Unicode字符串.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #coding=utf-8 2 | 3 | ''' 4 | 任务 5 | 用多行Unicode字符串表示下面的唐诗并打印： 6 | 7 | 静夜思 8 | 9 | 床前明月光， 10 | 疑是地上霜。 11 | 举头望明月， 12 | 低头思故乡。 13 | ''' 14 | #代码 15 | print ur'''静夜思 16 | 17 | 床前明月光， 18 | 疑是地上霜。 19 | 举头望明月， 20 | 低头思故乡。''' 21 | 22 | """ 23 | Unicode字符串 24 | 字符串还有一个编码问题。 25 | 26 | 因为计算机只能处理数字，如果要处理文本，就必须先把文本转换为数字才能处理。最早的计算机在设计时采用8个比特（bit）作为一个字节（byte），所以，一个字节能表示的最大的整数就是255（二进制11111111=十进制255），0 - 255被用来表示大小写英文字母、数字和一些符号，这个编码表被称为ASCII编码，比如大写字母 A 的编码是65，小写字母 z 的编码是122。 27 | 28 | 如果要表示中文，显然一个字节是不够的，至少需要两个字节，而且还不能和ASCII编码冲突，所以，中国制定了GB2312编码，用来把中文编进去。 29 | 30 | 类似的，日文和韩文等其他语言也有这个问题。为了统一所有文字的编码，Unicode应运而生。Unicode把所有语言都统一到一套编码里，这样就不会再有乱码问题了。 31 | 32 | Unicode通常用两个字节表示一个字符，原有的英文编码从单字节变成双字节，只需要把高字节全部填为0就可以。 33 | 34 | 因为Python的诞生比Unicode标准发布的时间还要早，所以最早的Python只支持ASCII编码，普通的字符串'ABC'在Python内部都是ASCII编码的。 35 | 36 | Python在后来添加了对Unicode的支持，以Unicode表示的字符串用u'...'表示，比如： 37 | 38 | print u'中文' 39 | 中文 40 | 注意: 不加 u ，中文就不能正常显示。 41 | 42 | Unicode字符串除了多了一个 u 之外，与普通字符串没啥区别，转义字符和多行表示法仍然有效： 43 | 44 | 转义： 45 | 46 | u'中文\n日文\n韩文' 47 | 多行： 48 | 49 | u'''第一行 50 | 第二行''' 51 | raw+多行： 52 | 53 | ur'''Python的Unicode字符串支持"中文", 54 | "日文", 55 | "韩文"等多种语言''' 56 | 如果中文字符串在Python环境下遇到 UnicodeDecodeError，这是因为.py文件保存的格式有问题。可以在第一行添加注释 57 | 58 | # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- 59 | 目的是告诉Python解释器，用UTF-8编码读取源代码。然后用Notepad++ 另存为... 并选择UTF-8格式保存。 60 | """ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /PythonCode/Python入门/Python基本数据类型/hello.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | print 'Hello Python' 2 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /PythonCode/Python入门/Python基本数据类型/print语句.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/GcsSloop/PythonNote/bfcc5aaa8f8639a8acc2108a0334422883e038d9/PythonCode/Python入门/Python基本数据类型/print语句.py -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /PythonCode/Python入门/Python基本数据类型/raw字符串与多行字符串.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #coding=utf-8 2 | """ 3 | 任务 4 | 请把下面的字符串用r'''...'''的形式改写，并用print打印出来： 5 | '\"To be, or not to be\": that is the question.\nWhether it\'s nobler in the mind to suffer.' 6 | """ 7 | # 代码 8 | print r'''"To be, or not to be": that is the question. 9 | Whether it's nobler in the mind to suffer.''' 10 | 11 | 12 | """ 13 | raw字符串与多行字符串 14 | 如果一个字符串包含很多需要转义的字符，对每一个字符都进行转义会很麻烦。为了避免这种情况，我们可以在字符串前面加个前缀 r ，表示这是一个 raw 字符串，里面的字符就不需要转义了。例如： 15 | 16 | r'\(~_~)/ \(~_~)/' 17 | 但是r'...'表示法不能表示多行字符串，也不能表示包含'和 "的字符串（为什么？） 18 | 19 | 如果要表示多行字符串，可以用'''...'''表示： 20 | 21 | '''Line 1 22 | Line 2 23 | Line 3''' 24 | 上面这个字符串的表示方法和下面的是完全一样的： 25 | 26 | 'Line 1\nLine 2\nLine 3' 27 | 还可以在多行字符串前面添加 r ，把这个多行字符串也变成一个raw字符串： 28 | 29 | r'''Python is created by "Guido". 30 | It is free and easy to learn. 31 | Let's start learn Python in imooc!''' 32 | """ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /PythonCode/Python入门/Python基本数据类型/变量.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/GcsSloop/PythonNote/bfcc5aaa8f8639a8acc2108a0334422883e038d9/PythonCode/Python入门/Python基本数据类型/变量.py -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /PythonCode/Python入门/Python基本数据类型/字符串.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/GcsSloop/PythonNote/bfcc5aaa8f8639a8acc2108a0334422883e038d9/PythonCode/Python入门/Python基本数据类型/字符串.py -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /PythonCode/Python入门/Python基本数据类型/布尔类型.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #coding=utf-8 2 | ''' 3 | 任务 4 | 请运行如下代码，并解释打印的结果： 5 | 6 | a = 'python' 7 | print 'hello,', a or 'world' 8 | b = '' 9 | print 'hello,', b or 'world' 10 | 11 | 结果： 12 | hello, python 13 | hello, world 14 | 15 | 解释： 16 | 短路运算 17 | a and b 与运算：只有两个布尔值都为 True 时，计算结果才为 True 18 | 若a为false 则结果必为false 所以返回值为a 19 | 若a为true 则结果取决于b， 所以返回值为n 20 | 21 | a or b 或运算：只要有一个布尔值为 True，计算结果就是 True。 22 | 若a为false 则结果取决于b 所以返回值为b 23 | 若a为true 则结果必为true 所以返回值为a 24 | 25 | 另外： 26 | Python把0、空字符串''和None看成 False，其他数值和非空字符串都看成 True 27 | 28 | ''' 29 | 30 | a = 'python' 31 | print 'hello,', a or 'world' 32 | 33 | b = '' 34 | print 'hello,', b or 'world' 35 | 36 | ''' 37 | 布尔类型 38 | 我们已经了解了Python支持布尔类型的数据，布尔类型只有True和False两种值，但是布尔类型有以下几种运算： 39 | 40 | 与运算：只有两个布尔值都为 True 时，计算结果才为 True。 41 | 42 | True and True # ==> True 43 | True and False # ==> False 44 | False and True # ==> False 45 | False and False # ==> False 46 | 或运算：只要有一个布尔值为 True，计算结果就是 True。 47 | 48 | True or True # ==> True 49 | True or False # ==> True 50 | False or True # ==> True 51 | False or False # ==> False 52 | 非运算：把True变为False，或者把False变为True： 53 | 54 | not True # ==> False 55 | not False # ==> True 56 | 布尔运算在计算机中用来做条件判断，根据计算结果为True或者False，计算机可以自动执行不同的后续代码。 57 | 58 | 在Python中，布尔类型还可以与其他数据类型做 and、or和not运算，请看下面的代码： 59 | 60 | a = True 61 | print a and 'a=T' or 'a=F' 62 | 计算结果不是布尔类型，而是字符串 'a=T'，这是为什么呢？ 63 | 64 | 因为Python把0、空字符串''和None看成 False，其他数值和非空字符串都看成 True，所以： 65 | 66 | True and 'a=T' 计算结果是 'a=T' 67 | 继续计算 'a=T' or 'a=F' 计算结果还是 'a=T' 68 | 要解释上述结果，又涉及到 and 和 or 运算的一条重要法则：短路计算。 69 | 70 | 1. 在计算 a and b 时，如果 a 是 False，则根据与运算法则，整个结果必定为 False，因此返回 a；如果 a 是 True，则整个计算结果必定取决与 b，因此返回 b。 71 | 72 | 2. 在计算 a or b 时，如果 a 是 True，则根据或运算法则，整个计算结果必定为 True，因此返回 a；如果 a 是 False，则整个计算结果必定取决于 b，因此返回 b。 73 | 74 | 所以Python解释器在做布尔运算时，只要能提前确定计算结果，它就不会往后算了，直接返回结果。 75 | ''' -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /PythonCode/Python入门/Python基本数据类型/数据类型.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #coding=utf-8 2 | print 45678+0x12fd2 3 | print 'Learn Python in imooc' 4 | print 100 < 99 5 | print 0xff == 255 6 | """ 7 | 数据类型 8 | 计算机顾名思义就是可以做数学计算的机器，因此，计算机程序理所当然地可以处理各种数值。但是，计算机能处理的远不止数值，还可以处理文本、图形、音频、视频、网页等各种各样的数据，不同的数据，需要定义不同的数据类型。在Python中，能够直接处理的数据类型有以下几种： 9 | 10 | 一、整数 11 | 12 | Python可以处理任意大小的整数，当然包括负整数，在Python程序中，整数的表示方法和数学上的写法一模一样，例如：1，100，-8080，0，等等。 13 | 14 | 计算机由于使用二进制，所以，有时候用十六进制表示整数比较方便，十六进制用0x前缀和0-9，a-f表示，例如：0xff00，0xa5b4c3d2，等等。 15 | 16 | 二、浮点数 17 | 18 | 浮点数也就是小数，之所以称为浮点数，是因为按照科学记数法表示时，一个浮点数的小数点位置是可变的，比如，1.23x10^9和12.3x10^8是相等的。浮点数可以用数学写法，如1.23，3.14，-9.01，等等。但是对于很大或很小的浮点数，就必须用科学计数法表示，把10用e替代，1.23x10^9就是1.23e9，或者12.3e8，0.000012可以写成1.2e-5，等等。 19 | 20 | 整数和浮点数在计算机内部存储的方式是不同的，整数运算永远是精确的（除法难道也是精确的？是的！），而浮点数运算则可能会有四舍五入的误差。 21 | 22 | 三、字符串 23 | 24 | 字符串是以''或""括起来的任意文本，比如'abc'，"xyz"等等。请注意，''或""本身只是一种表示方式，不是字符串的一部分，因此，字符串'abc'只有a，b，c这3个字符。 25 | 26 | 四、布尔值 27 | 28 | 布尔值和布尔代数的表示完全一致，一个布尔值只有True、False两种值，要么是True，要么是False，在Python中，可以直接用True、False表示布尔值（请注意大小写），也可以通过布尔运算计算出来。 29 | 30 | 布尔值可以用and、or和not运算。 31 | 32 | and运算是与运算，只有所有都为 True，and运算结果才是 True。 33 | 34 | or运算是或运算，只要其中有一个为 True，or 运算结果就是 True。 35 | 36 | not运算是非运算，它是一个单目运算符，把 True 变成 False，False 变成 True。 37 | 38 | 五、空值 39 | 40 | 空值是Python里一个特殊的值，用None表示。None不能理解为0，因为0是有意义的，而None是一个特殊的空值。 41 | 42 | 此外，Python还提供了列表、字典等多种数据类型，还允许创建自定义数据类型，我们后面会继续讲到 43 | 44 | 45 | 46 | 任务 47 | 试一试，在右边编辑器中，完成以下任务: 48 | 49 | 1. 计算十进制整数 45678 和十六进制整数 0x12fd2 之和。 50 | 51 | 2. 请用字符串表示出Learn Python in imooc。 52 | 53 | 3. 请计算以下表达式的布尔值（注意==表示判断是否相等）： 54 | 55 | 100 < 99 56 | 57 | 0xff == 255 58 | 59 | 注意：使用print命令 60 | """ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /PythonCode/Python入门/Python基本数据类型/整数和浮点数.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #coding=utf-8 2 | ''' 3 | 任务 4 | 请计算 2.5 + 10 / 4 ,并解释计算结果为什么不是期望的 5.0 ? 5 | 请修复上述运算，使得计算结果是 5.0 6 | ''' 7 | #代码 8 | print 2.5 + 10.0 / 4 9 | 10 | ''' 11 | 整数和浮点数 12 | Python支持对整数和浮点数直接进行四则混合运算，运算规则和数学上的四则运算规则完全一致。 13 | 14 | 基本的运算： 15 | 16 | 1 + 2 + 3 # ==> 6 17 | 4 * 5 - 6 # ==> 14 18 | 7.5 / 8 + 2.1 # ==> 3.0375 19 | 使用括号可以提升优先级，这和数学运算完全一致，注意只能使用小括号，但是括号可以嵌套很多层： 20 | 21 | (1 + 2) * 3 # ==> 9 22 | (2.2 + 3.3) / (1.5 * (9 - 0.3)) # ==> 0.42145593869731807 23 | 和数学运算不同的地方是，Python的整数运算结果仍然是整数，浮点数运算结果仍然是浮点数： 24 | 25 | 1 + 2 # ==> 整数 3 26 | 1.0 + 2.0 # ==> 浮点数 3.0 27 | 但是整数和浮点数混合运算的结果就变成浮点数了： 28 | 29 | 1 + 2.0 # ==> 浮点数 3.0 30 | 为什么要区分整数运算和浮点数运算呢？这是因为整数运算的结果永远是精确的，而浮点数运算的结果不一定精确，因为计算机内存再大，也无法精确表示出无限循环小数，比如 0.1 换成二进制表示就是无限循环小数。 31 | 32 | 那整数的除法运算遇到除不尽的时候，结果难道不是浮点数吗？我们来试一下： 33 | 34 | 11 / 4 # ==> 2 35 | 令很多初学者惊讶的是，Python的整数除法，即使除不尽，结果仍然是整数，余数直接被扔掉。不过，Python提供了一个求余的运算 % 可以计算余数： 36 | 37 | 11 % 4 # ==> 3 38 | 如果我们要计算 11 / 4 的精确结果，按照“整数和浮点数混合运算的结果是浮点数”的法则，把两个数中的一个变成浮点数再运算就没问题了： 39 | 40 | 11.0 / 4 # ==> 2.75 41 | ''' -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /PythonCode/Python入门/Python基本数据类型/注释.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/GcsSloop/PythonNote/bfcc5aaa8f8639a8acc2108a0334422883e038d9/PythonCode/Python入门/Python基本数据类型/注释.py -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /PythonCode/Python入门/Set/set基础.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/GcsSloop/PythonNote/bfcc5aaa8f8639a8acc2108a0334422883e038d9/PythonCode/Python入门/Set/set基础.py -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /PythonCode/Python入门/Set/set特点.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #coding=utf-8 2 | #author: sloop 3 | ''' 4 | 任务 5 | 月份也可以用set表示，请设计一个set并判断用户输入的月份是否有效。 6 | 7 | 月份可以用字符串'Jan', 'Feb', ...表示。 8 | ''' 9 | 10 | #代码 11 | months = set(['Jan', 'Feb', 'Mar', 'Apr', 'May', 'Jun', 'Jul', 'Aug', 'Sep', 'Oct', 'Nov', 'Dec']) 12 | x1 = 'Feb' 13 | x2 = 'Sun' 14 | 15 | if x1 in months: 16 | print 'x1: ok' 17 | else: 18 | print 'x1: error' 19 | 20 | if x2 in months: 21 | print 'x2: ok' 22 | else: 23 | print 'x2: error' 24 | 25 | ''' 26 | set的特点 27 | set的内部结构和dict很像，唯一区别是不存储value，因此，判断一个元素是否在set中速度很快。 28 | 29 | set存储的元素和dict的key类似，必须是不变对象，因此，任何可变对象是不能放入set中的。 30 | 31 | 最后，set存储的元素也是没有顺序的。 32 | 33 | set的这些特点，可以应用在哪些地方呢？ 34 | 35 | 星期一到星期日可以用字符串'MON', 'TUE', ... 'SUN'表示。 36 | 37 | 假设我们让用户输入星期一至星期日的某天，如何判断用户的输入是否是一个有效的星期呢？ 38 | 39 | 可以用 if 语句判断，但这样做非常繁琐： 40 | 41 | x = '???' # 用户输入的字符串 42 | if x!= 'MON' and x!= 'TUE' and x!= 'WED' ... and x!= 'SUN': 43 | print 'input error' 44 | else: 45 | print 'input ok' 46 | 注意：if 语句中的...表示没有列出的其它星期名称，测试时，请输入完整。 47 | 48 | 如果事先创建好一个set，包含'MON' ~ 'SUN'： 49 | 50 | weekdays = set(['MON', 'TUE', 'WED', 'THU', 'FRI', 'SAT', 'SUN']) 51 | 再判断输入是否有效，只需要判断该字符串是否在set中： 52 | 53 | x = '???' # 用户输入的字符串 54 | if x in weekdays: 55 | print 'input ok' 56 | else: 57 | print 'input error' 58 | 这样一来，代码就简单多了。 59 | ''' -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /PythonCode/Python入门/Set/更新set.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/GcsSloop/PythonNote/bfcc5aaa8f8639a8acc2108a0334422883e038d9/PythonCode/Python入门/Set/更新set.py -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 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/PythonCode/Python入门/Tuple/创建单元素Tuple.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/GcsSloop/PythonNote/bfcc5aaa8f8639a8acc2108a0334422883e038d9/PythonCode/Python入门/Tuple/创建单元素Tuple.py -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /PythonCode/Python入门/Tuple/可变的Tuple.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/GcsSloop/PythonNote/bfcc5aaa8f8639a8acc2108a0334422883e038d9/PythonCode/Python入门/Tuple/可变的Tuple.py -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /PythonCode/Python入门/函数/函数入门.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #coding=utf-8 2 | #author:sloop 3 | #没有代码 4 | 5 | ''' 6 | 什么是函数 7 | 我们知道圆的面积计算公式为： 8 | 9 | S = πr² 10 | 当我们知道半径r的值时，就可以根据公式计算出面积。假设我们需要计算3个不同大小的圆的面积： 11 | 12 | r1 = 12.34 13 | r2 = 9.08 14 | r3 = 73.1 15 | s1 = 3.14 * r1 * r1 16 | s2 = 3.14 * r2 * r2 17 | s3 = 3.14 * r3 * r3 18 | 当代码出现有规律的重复的时候，你就需要当心了，每次写3.14 * x * x不仅很麻烦，而且，如果要把3.14改成3.14159265359的时候，得全部替换。 19 | 20 | 有了函数，我们就不再每次写s = 3.14 * x * x，而是写成更有意义的函数调用 s = area_of_circle(x)，而函数 area_of_circle 本身只需要写一次，就可以多次调用。 21 | 22 | 抽象是数学中非常常见的概念。举个例子： 23 | 24 | 计算数列的和，比如：1 + 2 + 3 + ... + 100，写起来十分不方便，于是数学家发明了求和符号∑，可以把1 + 2 + 3 + ... + 100记作： 25 | 26 | 100 27 | ∑n 28 | n=1 29 | 这种抽象记法非常强大，因为我们看到∑就可以理解成求和，而不是还原成低级的加法运算。 30 | 31 | 而且，这种抽象记法是可扩展的，比如： 32 | 33 | 100 34 | ∑(n²+1) 35 | n=1 36 | 还原成加法运算就变成了： 37 | 38 | (1 x 1 + 1) + (2 x 2 + 1) + (3 x 3 + 1) + ... + (100 x 100 + 1) 39 | 可见，借助抽象，我们才能不关心底层的具体计算过程，而直接在更高的层次上思考问题。 40 | 41 | 写计算机程序也是一样，函数就是最基本的一种代码抽象的方式。 42 | 43 | Python不但能非常灵活地定义函数，而且本身内置了很多有用的函数，可以直接调用。 44 | ''' -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /PythonCode/Python入门/函数/定义可变参数.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 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https://raw.githubusercontent.com/GcsSloop/PythonNote/bfcc5aaa8f8639a8acc2108a0334422883e038d9/PythonCode/Python入门/函数/调用函数.py -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /PythonCode/Python入门/函数/返回多值.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #coding=utf-8 2 | #author: sloop 3 | 4 | ''' 5 | 任务 6 | 一元二次方程的定义是：ax² + bx + c = 0 7 | 8 | 请编写一个函数，返回一元二次方程的两个解。 9 | 10 | 注意：Python的math包提供了sqrt()函数用于计算平方根。 11 | 请参考求根公式：x = (-b±√(b²-4ac)) / 2a 12 | ''' 13 | 14 | import math 15 | 16 | def quadratic_equation(a, b, c): 17 | t = b*b - 4*a*c 18 | if t < 0: 19 | return 20 | else: 21 | x1 = ( -b+math.sqrt(t) ) / (2*a) 22 | x2 = ( -b-math.sqrt(t) ) / (2*a) 23 | return x1, x2 24 | 25 | print quadratic_equation(2, 3, 0) 26 | print quadratic_equation(1, -6, 5) 27 | 28 | ''' 29 | 返回多值 30 | 函数可以返回多个值吗？答案是肯定的。 31 | 32 | 比如在游戏中经常需要从一个点移动到另一个点，给出坐标、位移和角度，就可以计算出新的坐标： 33 | 34 | # math包提供了sin()和 cos()函数，我们先用import引用它： 35 | 36 | import math 37 | def move(x, y, step, angle): 38 | nx = x + step * math.cos(angle) 39 | ny = y - step * math.sin(angle) 40 | return nx, ny 41 | 这样我们就可以同时获得返回值： 42 | 43 | >>> x, y = move(100, 100, 60, math.pi / 6) 44 | >>> print x, y 45 | 151.961524227 70.0 46 | 但其实这只是一种假象，Python函数返回的仍然是单一值： 47 | 48 | >>> r = move(100, 100, 60, math.pi / 6) 49 | >>> print r 50 | (151.96152422706632, 70.0) 51 | 用print打印返回结果，原来返回值是一个tuple！ 52 | 53 | 但是，在语法上，返回一个tuple可以省略括号，而多个变量可以同时接收一个tuple，按位置赋给对应的值，所以，Python的函数返回多值其实就是返回一个tuple，但写起来更方便。 54 | ''' -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /PythonCode/Python入门/函数/递归函数.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/GcsSloop/PythonNote/bfcc5aaa8f8639a8acc2108a0334422883e038d9/PythonCode/Python入门/函数/递归函数.py -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /PythonCode/Python入门/切片/倒序切片.py: 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博客 15 | EditPlus | [EditPlus](https://github.com/GcsSloop/PythonNote/tree/master/PDT) | 我学习python用的开发工具 16 | EditPlus | [EditPlus使用技巧](https://github.com/GcsSloop/PythonNote/blob/master/PDT/EditPlus%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%E6%8A%80%E5%B7%A7.md) | 使用技巧 17 | 18 | ### Python可以做的有趣的东西 19 | 链接 | 说明 20 | --- | --- 21 | [Python也可以](http://blog.csdn.net/column/details/python-can.html) | 一些看起来非常高大上的东西如何用Python实现 22 | 23 | ### 说明： 24 | 名称 | 说明 25 | --- | --- 26 | Art | 图片 27 | PDT | Python开发工具 28 | PythonCode | 学习代码库 29 | PythonTool | 可复用的代码 30 | Issues | 记录学习过程遇到的错误和好的点子 31 | 32 | ## About Me 33 | 34 | ### 作者微博: [@GcsSloop](http://weibo.com/GcsSloop) 35 | 36 | 37 | 38 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------