├── demo ├── music │ ├── music.mp3 │ ├── img │ │ └── pattern.jpg │ ├── css │ │ └── style.css │ ├── index.html │ └── scripts │ │ └── stub.js ├── mouse │ ├── img │ │ ├── pattern-0.jpg │ │ ├── pattern-1.jpg │ │ ├── pattern-2.jpg │ │ └── pattern-3.jpg │ ├── css │ │ └── style.css │ ├── index.html │ └── js │ │ └── stub.js ├── webcam │ ├── img │ │ ├── pattern-0.jpg │ │ ├── pattern-1.jpg │ │ ├── pattern-2.jpg │ │ └── pattern-3.jpg │ ├── css │ │ └── style.css │ ├── index.html │ └── js │ │ └── stub.js ├── common │ ├── dragdrop.js │ └── vendor │ │ ├── dancer.min.js │ │ ├── underscore.js │ │ └── backbone.js └── vkapi │ ├── index.html │ ├── css │ └── style.css │ └── js │ └── stub.js ├── .gitignore ├── package.json ├── Gruntfile.coffee ├── README.md ├── lib └── graphemescope.js └── src └── graphemescope.coffee /demo/music/music.mp3: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Grapheme/graphemescope/HEAD/demo/music/music.mp3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /demo/music/img/pattern.jpg: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Grapheme/graphemescope/HEAD/demo/music/img/pattern.jpg -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /demo/mouse/img/pattern-0.jpg: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Grapheme/graphemescope/HEAD/demo/mouse/img/pattern-0.jpg -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /demo/mouse/img/pattern-1.jpg: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Grapheme/graphemescope/HEAD/demo/mouse/img/pattern-1.jpg -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /demo/mouse/img/pattern-2.jpg: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Grapheme/graphemescope/HEAD/demo/mouse/img/pattern-2.jpg -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /demo/mouse/img/pattern-3.jpg: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Grapheme/graphemescope/HEAD/demo/mouse/img/pattern-3.jpg -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /demo/webcam/img/pattern-0.jpg: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Grapheme/graphemescope/HEAD/demo/webcam/img/pattern-0.jpg -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /demo/webcam/img/pattern-1.jpg: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Grapheme/graphemescope/HEAD/demo/webcam/img/pattern-1.jpg -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /demo/webcam/img/pattern-2.jpg: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Grapheme/graphemescope/HEAD/demo/webcam/img/pattern-2.jpg -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /demo/webcam/img/pattern-3.jpg: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Grapheme/graphemescope/HEAD/demo/webcam/img/pattern-3.jpg -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /.gitignore: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | */config/development 2 | */logs/log-*.php 3 | */logs/!index.html 4 | */cache/* 5 | */cache/!index.html 6 | node_modules 7 | .DS_Store 8 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /demo/music/css/style.css: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | body, html { 2 | background-color: black; 3 | color : white; 4 | padding : 0; 5 | margin : 0; 6 | overflow: hidden; 7 | } 8 | 9 | #beat { 10 | position: fixed; 11 | 12 | left : 50%; 13 | top : 0; 14 | z-index: 4; 15 | width : 100px; 16 | height: 100px; 17 | 18 | margin-left : -50px; 19 | border-radius: 100px; 20 | 21 | background-color: #ff06cc; 22 | } 23 | 24 | #container { 25 | margin: 0; 26 | padding: 0; 27 | } 28 | 29 | 30 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /demo/common/dragdrop.js: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | // Drag-n-Drop helper 2 | DragDrop = function(context, onDrop) { 3 | var disable = function( event ) { 4 | event.stopPropagation(); 5 | event.preventDefault(); 6 | }; 7 | 8 | var dropHandler = function( event ) { 9 | disable(event); 10 | onDrop(event.dataTransfer.files); 11 | }; 12 | 13 | context.addEventListener("dragleave", disable); 14 | context.addEventListener("dragenter", disable); 15 | context.addEventListener("dragover", disable); 16 | context.addEventListener("drop", dropHandler); 17 | }; 18 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /demo/mouse/css/style.css: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | body, html { 2 | background-color: black; 3 | padding : 0; 4 | margin : 0; 5 | overflow: hidden; 6 | } 7 | 8 | #container { 9 | margin: 0; 10 | padding: 0; 11 | } 12 | 13 | .equalizer { 14 | position : absolute; 15 | top : 0; 16 | left : 0; 17 | height: 20px; 18 | z-index : 1; 19 | } 20 | 21 | audio { 22 | position: absolute; 23 | z-index: 2; 24 | right: 0; 25 | top: 0; 26 | } 27 | 28 | .equalizer div { 29 | display : inline-block; 30 | background-color: #ffffff; 31 | margin: 1px; 32 | width : 10px; 33 | } 34 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /demo/webcam/css/style.css: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | body, html { 2 | background-color: black; 3 | padding : 0; 4 | margin : 0; 5 | overflow: hidden; 6 | } 7 | 8 | #container { 9 | margin: 0; 10 | padding: 0; 11 | } 12 | 13 | .equalizer { 14 | position : absolute; 15 | top : 0; 16 | left : 0; 17 | height: 20px; 18 | z-index : 1; 19 | } 20 | 21 | audio { 22 | position: absolute; 23 | z-index: 2; 24 | right: 0; 25 | top: 0; 26 | } 27 | 28 | .equalizer div { 29 | display : inline-block; 30 | background-color: #ffffff; 31 | margin: 1px; 32 | width : 10px; 33 | } 34 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /package.json: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | { 2 | "name": "graphemescope", 3 | "version": "0.0.0", 4 | "description": "Graphemescope - is a library, that contains bunch of methods to create dynamic kaleidoscopic visualizations using HTML5 APIs", 5 | "main": "index.js", 6 | "scripts": { 7 | "test": "mocha" 8 | }, 9 | "keywords": [ 10 | "demo" 11 | ], 12 | "author": "grapheme", 13 | "license": "MIT", 14 | "devDependencies": { 15 | "grunt-cli": "~0.1.9", 16 | "grunt": "~0.4.1", 17 | "grunt-contrib-watch": "~0.5.3", 18 | "grunt-contrib-coffee": "~0.7.0", 19 | "grunt-contrib-uglify": "~0.2.4" 20 | }, 21 | "dependencies": {} 22 | } 23 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /Gruntfile.coffee: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | module.exports = (grunt) -> 2 | grunt.initConfig 3 | pkg: grunt.file.readJSON "package.json" 4 | 5 | watch: 6 | options: 7 | livereload : true 8 | compile: 9 | files : [ "src/*.coffee" ] 10 | tasks : [ "default" ] 11 | 12 | coffee: 13 | compile: 14 | files: 15 | "lib/graphemescope.js" : [ "src/*.coffee" ] 16 | 17 | uglify: 18 | compile: 19 | files: 20 | "lib/graphemescope.js" : [ "lib/graphemescope.js" ] 21 | 22 | grunt.loadNpmTasks "grunt-contrib-coffee" 23 | grunt.loadNpmTasks "grunt-contrib-watch" 24 | grunt.loadNpmTasks "grunt-contrib-uglify" 25 | 26 | grunt.registerTask "default", [ "coffee", "uglify" ] 27 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /demo/mouse/index.html: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | Mouse and Drag'n'Drop demo 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 |
24 | 25 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /demo/music/index.html: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | Music demo 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 |
24 | 25 |
26 | 27 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /demo/vkapi/index.html: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | VK api demo 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 |
25 |
26 | 27 |
28 | 29 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /demo/webcam/index.html: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | Mouse and Drag'n'Drop demo 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 |
27 | 28 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /demo/vkapi/css/style.css: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | @import url(http://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Neucha&subset=latin,cyrillic); 2 | 3 | body, html { 4 | background-color: black; 5 | padding : 0; 6 | margin : 0; 7 | overflow: hidden; 8 | } 9 | 10 | #container { 11 | margin: 0; 12 | padding: 0; 13 | } 14 | 15 | .equalizer { 16 | position : absolute; 17 | top : 0; 18 | left : 0; 19 | height: 20px; 20 | z-index : 1; 21 | } 22 | 23 | audio { 24 | position: absolute; 25 | z-index: 2; 26 | right: 0; 27 | top: 0; 28 | } 29 | 30 | .equalizer div { 31 | display : inline-block; 32 | background-color: #ffffff; 33 | margin: 1px; 34 | width : 10px; 35 | } 36 | 37 | 38 | #music-title { 39 | text-shadow: 0px 0px 20px black; 40 | position: absolute; 41 | font-family: "Neucha"; 42 | z-index : 2; 43 | width : 100%; 44 | text-align: center; 45 | font-size : 3em; 46 | color : white; 47 | 48 | } 49 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | ## Graphemescope 2 | Библиотека для рисования калейдоскопических визуализаций. Пример использования: 3 | ```javascript 4 | // Родительский элемент 5 | var container = document.getElementById("container"); 6 | 7 | // Создаем калейдоскоп 8 | var scope = new Graphemescope( container ); 9 | scope.setImage("http://placekitten.com/200/30"); 10 | 11 | // Двигаем 12 | scope.zoomTarget = 2.0; 13 | scope.angleTarget = 0.5; 14 | ``` 15 | 16 | ### Сборка проекта 17 | В проекте присутствуют скрипты на языке `CoffeScript`, которые необходимо 18 | предварительно скомпилировать в `js` скрипты. 19 | Для автоматизации этого процесса используется система сборки [Grunt](http://gruntjs.com/) 20 | 21 | ### Процесс сборки 22 | #### Установка окружения 23 | 1. Установить [node.js](http://nodejs.org/) 24 | 2. Установить `grunt` и `coffee-script`: 25 | 26 | ``` 27 | npm install -g grunt 28 | npm install -g coffee-script 29 | ``` 30 | 3. Установить зависимости проекта: 31 | 32 | ``` 33 | npm install 34 | ``` 35 | 36 | #### Сборка файлов 37 | Сборка файлов проекта осуществляется командой: 38 | 39 | ``` 40 | grunt 41 | ``` 42 | 43 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /demo/music/scripts/stub.js: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | window.addEventListener("load", function() { 2 | var imagePath = "img/pattern.jpg"; 3 | 4 | var container = $("#container"); 5 | 6 | resizeHandler = function() { 7 | container.height( $(window).height() ); 8 | container.width( $(window).width() ); 9 | }; 10 | 11 | $(window).resize(resizeHandler); 12 | $(window).resize(); 13 | 14 | 15 | var scope = new Graphemescope(container[0]); 16 | 17 | 18 | var x = 1; 19 | var v = 0; 20 | var target = 0; 21 | 22 | function moveScope() { 23 | var a = 4; 24 | var b = 1; 25 | var dt = 0.1; 26 | 27 | var force = a * (-x) + b * (-v); 28 | v += force * dt; 29 | x += v * dt; 30 | 31 | $("#beat").css({ 32 | "transform" : "translateX(" + 100 * x + "px)" 33 | }); 34 | } 35 | 36 | 37 | var dancer = new Dancer(); 38 | 39 | dancer.bind("loaded", function() { 40 | dancer.play(); 41 | }); 42 | 43 | 44 | var kick = dancer.createKick({ 45 | onKick: function (a) { 46 | x = a; 47 | }, 48 | offKick: function () {} 49 | }).on(); 50 | 51 | dancer.load({ src: "music.mp3" }); 52 | 53 | 54 | scope.setImage(imagePath); 55 | 56 | 57 | var r = 0; 58 | 59 | dancer.after( 0, function() { 60 | var one = 0.15 * x; 61 | var two = 100 * this.getFrequency(32, 128); 62 | 63 | r += 0.1 * (two - r); 64 | 65 | 66 | 67 | scope.angleTarget = r; 68 | scope.zoomTarget = 1.0 + 5.0 * one; 69 | 70 | moveScope(); 71 | }); 72 | 73 | $(container).click(function() { 74 | if(dancer.isPlaying()) { 75 | dancer.pause(); 76 | } else { 77 | dancer.play(); 78 | } 79 | }); 80 | 81 | $(window).mousemove(function(event) { 82 | var factorx = event.pageX / $(window).width(); 83 | var factory = event.pageY / $(window).height(); 84 | }); 85 | }); 86 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /lib/graphemescope.js: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | (function(){var a,b;b=function(){return window.requestAnimationFrame||window.webkitRequestAnimationFrame||window.mozRequestAnimationFrame||function(a){return window.setTimeout(a,1e3/30)}}(),window.Graphemescope=a=function(){function a(a){var c=this;this.parentElement=null!=a?a:window.document.body,this.enabled=!0,this.radiusFactor=1,this.zoomFactor=1,this.angleFactor=0,this.zoomTarget=1.2,this.angleTarget=.8,this.easeEnabled=!0,this.ease=.1,null==this.domElement&&(this.domElement=document.createElement("canvas")),null==this.ctx&&(this.ctx=this.domElement.getContext("2d")),this.alphaFactor=1,this.alphaTarget=1,this.parentElement.appendChild(this.domElement),this.oldResizeHandler=function(){},null!==window.onresize&&(this.oldResizeHandler=window.onresize),window.onresize=function(){return c.resizeHandler()},this.resizeHandler(),b(function(){return c.animationFrame()})}return a.prototype.animationFrame=function(){var a=this;return b(function(){return a.animationFrame()}),this.enabled?(this.update(),this.draw()):void 0},a.prototype.resizeHandler=function(){return this.width=this.domElement.width=this.parentElement.offsetWidth,this.height=this.domElement.height=this.parentElement.offsetHeight,this.radius=.5*this.radiusFactor*Math.min(this.width,this.height),this.radiusHeight=.5*Math.sqrt(3)*this.radius,this.oldResizeHandler()},a.prototype.update=function(){return this.easeEnabled?(this.angleFactor+=(this.angleTarget-this.angleFactor)*this.ease,this.zoomFactor+=(this.zoomTarget-this.zoomFactor)*this.ease,this.alphaFactor+=(this.alphaTarget-this.alphaFactor)*this.ease):(this.angleFactor=this.angleTarget,this.zoomFactor=this.zoomTarget,this.alphaFactor=this.alphaTarget)},a.prototype.drawImage=function(a){var b,c;return this.ctx.save(),b=2/3*this.radiusHeight,c=this.zoomFactor*b/(.5*Math.min(a.width,a.height)),this.ctx.translate(0,b),this.ctx.scale(c,c),this.ctx.rotate(2*this.angleFactor*Math.PI),this.ctx.translate(-.5*a.width,-.5*a.height),this.ctx.fill(),this.ctx.restore()},a.prototype.drawCell=function(a){var b,c,d;for(d=[],b=c=0;6>c;b=++c)this.ctx.save(),this.ctx.rotate(2*b*Math.PI/6),this.ctx.scale([-1,1][b%2],1),this.ctx.beginPath(),this.ctx.moveTo(0,0),this.ctx.lineTo(-.5*this.radius,1*this.radiusHeight),this.ctx.lineTo(.5*this.radius,1*this.radiusHeight),this.ctx.closePath(),this.drawImage(a),d.push(this.ctx.restore());return d},a.prototype.drawLayer=function(a){var b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m;for(this.ctx.save(),this.ctx.translate(.5*this.width,.5*this.height),f=Math.ceil(.5*this.height/this.radiusHeight),c=Math.ceil(.5*this.width/(3*this.radius)),d=function(){l=[];for(var a=-c;c>=-c?c>=a:a>=c;c>=-c?a++:a--)l.push(a);return l}.apply(this),g=function(){m=[];for(var a=-f;f>=-f?f>=a:a>=f;f>=-f?a++:a--)m.push(a);return m}.apply(this),h=0,j=g.length;j>h;h++){for(e=g[h],this.ctx.save(),this.ctx.translate(0,this.radiusHeight*e),Math.abs(e)%2&&this.ctx.translate(1.5*this.radius,0),i=0,k=d.length;k>i;i++)b=d[i],this.ctx.save(),this.ctx.translate(3*b*this.radius,0),this.drawCell(a),this.ctx.restore();this.ctx.restore()}return this.ctx.restore()},a.prototype.draw=function(){return null!=this.imageProxy&&(this.ctx.fillStyle=this.patternProxy,this.ctx.globalAlpha=1-this.alphaFactor,this.drawLayer(this.imageProxy)),null!=this.image?(this.ctx.fillStyle=this.pattern,this.ctx.globalAlpha=this.alphaFactor,this.drawLayer(this.image)):void 0},a.prototype.setImageDirect=function(a){return null!=this.image&&(this.imageProxy=this.image,this.patternProxy=this.pattern),this.image=a,this.pattern=this.ctx.createPattern(this.image,"repeat"),this.alphaFactor=0},a.prototype.setImage=function(a){var b,c=this;return"string"==typeof a?(b=new Image,b.src=a,b.onload=function(){return c.setImageDirect(b)}):this.setImageDirect(a)},a}()}).call(this); -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /demo/mouse/js/stub.js: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | $(function() { 2 | window.leapEnabled = false; 3 | 4 | var container = $("#container"); 5 | 6 | scope = new Graphemescope( container[0] ); 7 | 8 | var dragdrop = new DragDrop(container[0], function (files) { 9 | var filter = /^image/i; 10 | var file = files[0]; 11 | 12 | if(filter.test(file.type)) { 13 | var reader = new FileReader(); 14 | reader.onload = function(event) { 15 | var img = new Image(); 16 | img.src = event.target.result; 17 | scope.setImage(img); 18 | }; 19 | 20 | reader.readAsDataURL(file); 21 | } 22 | 23 | }); 24 | 25 | var index = 0; 26 | var imageCount = 4; 27 | 28 | function changePicture() { 29 | var imagePath = "img/pattern-" + index + ".jpg"; 30 | 31 | scope.setImage(imagePath); 32 | 33 | index = (index + 1) % imageCount; 34 | } 35 | 36 | changePicture(); 37 | 38 | 39 | function moveKaleidoscope(factorx, factory) { 40 | if(!leapEnabled) { 41 | scope.angleTarget = factorx; 42 | scope.zoomTarget = 1.0 + 0.5 * factory; 43 | } 44 | } 45 | 46 | $(window).mousemove(function(event) { 47 | moveKaleidoscope( 48 | event.pageX / $(window).width(), 49 | event.pageY / $(window).height() 50 | ); 51 | }); 52 | 53 | $(window).on("touchmove", function(evt) { 54 | evt.preventDefault(); 55 | var originalEvent = evt.originalEvent; 56 | 57 | var touch = originalEvent.touches[0]; 58 | moveKaleidoscope( 59 | touch.pageX / $(window).width(), 60 | touch.pageY / $(window).height() 61 | ); 62 | }); 63 | 64 | $(window).click(changePicture); 65 | 66 | var resizeHandler = function() { 67 | container.height( $(window).height() ); 68 | container.width( $(window).width() ); 69 | }; 70 | 71 | $(window).resize(resizeHandler); 72 | $(window).resize(); 73 | 74 | var throttledChange = _(changePicture).throttle(1000, {leading: false}); 75 | 76 | 77 | var controller = new Leap.Controller({ enableGestures : true }); 78 | 79 | 80 | controller.on('deviceDisconnected', function() { 81 | console.log("Leap Motion has been disconnected"); 82 | leapEnabled = false; 83 | }); 84 | 85 | controller.on('deviceConnected', function() { 86 | console.log("Leap Motion is connected"); 87 | leapEnabled = true; 88 | }); 89 | 90 | controller.on('ready', function() { 91 | console.log("Leap Motion is ready"); 92 | leapEnabled = true; 93 | }); 94 | 95 | 96 | function leapToScene( frame, leapPos ) { 97 | var iBox = frame.interactionBox; 98 | 99 | var left = iBox.center[0] - iBox.size[0]/2; 100 | var top = iBox.center[1] + iBox.size[1]/2; 101 | 102 | var x = leapPos[0] - left; 103 | var y = leapPos[1] - top; 104 | 105 | x /= iBox.size[0]; 106 | y /= iBox.size[1]; 107 | 108 | return [ x , -y ]; 109 | } 110 | 111 | controller.loop(function(frame) { 112 | if (frame.valid) { 113 | if (typeof firstValidFrame === "undefined") { 114 | firstValidFrame = frame 115 | } 116 | 117 | if(frame.hands && frame.hands.length > 0) { 118 | var handPos = leapToScene( firstValidFrame , frame.hands[0].palmPosition ); 119 | 120 | scope.zoomTarget = 1.0 + 1.0 * handPos[1]; 121 | if(scope.zoomTarget < 1.0) 122 | scope.zoomTarget = 1.0; 123 | 124 | scope.angleTarget = handPos[0]; 125 | } 126 | 127 | if(frame.gestures && frame.gestures.length > 0) { 128 | var gesture = frame.gestures[0]; 129 | 130 | if(gesture.type === "swipe") { 131 | var startPos = leapToScene(frame, gesture.startPosition ); 132 | var pos = leapToScene( frame, gesture.position ); 133 | 134 | if(startPos[0] - pos[0] < 0) { 135 | console.log("Swipe event"); 136 | throttledChange(); 137 | } 138 | } 139 | } 140 | } 141 | }); 142 | }); 143 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /demo/vkapi/js/stub.js: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | $(function() { 2 | window.wallSource = ""; 3 | 4 | container = $("#container"); 5 | window.scope = new Graphemescope( container[0] ); 6 | 7 | resizeHandler = function() { 8 | container.height( $(window).height() ); 9 | container.width( $(window).width() ); 10 | }; 11 | $(window).resize(resizeHandler); 12 | $(window).resize(); 13 | 14 | function changeResources(imageSrc, music, callback) { 15 | var image = new Image(); 16 | image.src = imageSrc; 17 | image.onload = function() { 18 | scope.setImage(image); 19 | scope.setAudio(music.url); 20 | $('#music-title').html(music.artist + " - " + music.title); 21 | 22 | callback(); 23 | }; 24 | } 25 | 26 | 27 | VK.init({ 28 | apiId: 3300222 29 | }); 30 | 31 | function authInfo(response) { 32 | if (response.session) { 33 | $('#login_button').hide(); 34 | apiInitialized(); 35 | } 36 | } 37 | 38 | VK.Auth.getLoginStatus(authInfo); 39 | VK.UI.button('login_button'); 40 | 41 | $('#login_button').click(function() { 42 | VK.Auth.login(authInfo); 43 | }); 44 | 45 | 46 | var totalCount = 0; 47 | 48 | function apiInitialized() { 49 | container.click(function() { 50 | getNext(0); 51 | }); 52 | 53 | 54 | getNext = function getNext() { 55 | var index = _.random(0, totalCount); 56 | 57 | 58 | VK.Api.call('wall.get', { 59 | offset : index, 60 | domain : wallSource, 61 | count : 1, 62 | filter : 'owner' 63 | }, function(r) { 64 | if(!(r.response && r.response[1] && r.response[1].attachments)) { 65 | return getNext(); 66 | } 67 | 68 | 69 | var att = r.response[1].attachments; 70 | 71 | var photos = _(att).chain() 72 | .filter(function(a) { 73 | return (a.type === 'photo'); 74 | }) 75 | .map(function(a) { 76 | return a.photo.src_xbig || a.photo.src_big; 77 | }) 78 | .shuffle() 79 | .value(); 80 | 81 | var music = _(att).chain() 82 | .filter(function(a) { 83 | return (a.type == 'audio'); 84 | }) 85 | .map(function(a) { 86 | return a.audio; 87 | }) 88 | .shuffle() 89 | .value(); 90 | 91 | if(photos.length <= 0 || music.length <= 0) { 92 | return getNext(index); 93 | } 94 | 95 | var imageSrc = photos[0]; 96 | var musicSrc = music[0]; 97 | 98 | changeResources(imageSrc, musicSrc, function() {}); 99 | }); 100 | } 101 | 102 | 103 | Router = Backbone.Router.extend({ 104 | routes : { 105 | ":name" : "name", 106 | "" : "default" 107 | }, 108 | 109 | name : function(name) { 110 | wallSource = name; 111 | 112 | VK.Api.call('wall.get', { 113 | offset : 0, 114 | domain : wallSource, 115 | count : 1, 116 | filter : 'owner' 117 | }, function(r) { 118 | if(r.response && r.response[0]) { 119 | totalCount = r.response[0]; 120 | getNext(); 121 | } 122 | }); 123 | }, 124 | 125 | default : function() { 126 | var that = this; 127 | VK.Api.call("users.get", { 128 | "fields" : "screen_name" 129 | }, function(r) { 130 | that.navigate(r.response[0].screen_name, {trigger: true}); 131 | }); 132 | } 133 | }); 134 | 135 | new Router(); 136 | Backbone.history.start(); 137 | 138 | setInterval(getNext, 60000); 139 | } 140 | 141 | 142 | }); 143 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /demo/webcam/js/stub.js: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | $(function() { 2 | var streaming = false; 3 | var video = document.querySelector('#video'); 4 | var canvas = document.querySelector('#canvas'); 5 | 6 | navigator.getMedia = ( navigator.getUserMedia || 7 | navigator.webkitGetUserMedia || 8 | navigator.mozGetUserMedia || 9 | navigator.msGetUserMedia); 10 | 11 | navigator.getMedia( 12 | { 13 | video: true, 14 | audio: false 15 | }, 16 | function(stream) { 17 | if (navigator.mozGetUserMedia) { 18 | video.mozSrcObject = stream; 19 | } else { 20 | var vendorURL = window.URL || window.webkitURL; 21 | video.src = vendorURL.createObjectURL(stream); 22 | } 23 | video.play(); 24 | }, 25 | function(err) { 26 | console.log("An error occured! " + err); 27 | } 28 | ); 29 | 30 | video.addEventListener('canplay', function(ev){ 31 | if (!streaming) { 32 | canvas.setAttribute('width', video.videoWidth); 33 | canvas.setAttribute('height', video.videoHeight); 34 | streaming = true; 35 | } 36 | }, false); 37 | 38 | function takePicture() { 39 | if(streaming) { 40 | 41 | canvas.width = video.videoWidth; 42 | canvas.height = video.videoHeight; 43 | 44 | canvas.getContext('2d').drawImage(video, 0, 0, video.videoWidth, video.videoHeight); 45 | 46 | var image = new Image(); 47 | image.src = canvas.toDataURL('image/png'); 48 | scope.setImage(image); 49 | } 50 | 51 | } 52 | 53 | 54 | window.leapEnabled = false; 55 | 56 | var container = $("#container"); 57 | 58 | window.scope = new Graphemescope( container[0] ); 59 | 60 | 61 | var index = 0; 62 | var imageCount = 4; 63 | 64 | function changePicture() { 65 | var imagePath = "img/pattern-" + index + ".jpg"; 66 | 67 | scope.setImage(imagePath); 68 | 69 | index = (index + 1) % imageCount; 70 | } 71 | 72 | changePicture(); 73 | 74 | $(window).mousemove(function(event) { 75 | var factorx = event.pageX / $(window).width(); 76 | var factory = event.pageY / $(window).height(); 77 | 78 | if(!leapEnabled) { 79 | scope.angleTarget = factorx; 80 | scope.zoomTarget = 1.0 + 0.5 * factory; 81 | } 82 | }); 83 | 84 | $(window).click(takePicture); 85 | 86 | var resizeHandler = function() { 87 | container.height( $(window).height() ); 88 | container.width( $(window).width() ); 89 | }; 90 | 91 | $(window).resize(resizeHandler); 92 | $(window).resize(); 93 | 94 | setInterval(takePicture, 5000); 95 | 96 | var throttledChange = _(takePicture).throttle(5000); 97 | 98 | 99 | var controller = new Leap.Controller({ enableGestures : true }); 100 | 101 | 102 | controller.on('deviceDisconnected', function() { 103 | console.log("Leap Motion has been disconnected"); 104 | leapEnabled = false; 105 | }); 106 | 107 | controller.on('deviceConnected', function() { 108 | console.log("Leap Motion is connected"); 109 | leapEnabled = true; 110 | }); 111 | 112 | controller.on('ready', function() { 113 | console.log("Leap Motion is ready"); 114 | leapEnabled = true; 115 | }); 116 | 117 | 118 | function leapToScene( frame, leapPos ) { 119 | var iBox = frame.interactionBox; 120 | 121 | var left = iBox.center[0] - iBox.size[0]/2; 122 | var top = iBox.center[1] + iBox.size[1]/2; 123 | 124 | var x = leapPos[0] - left; 125 | var y = leapPos[1] - top; 126 | 127 | x /= iBox.size[0]; 128 | y /= iBox.size[1]; 129 | 130 | return [ x , -y ]; 131 | } 132 | 133 | controller.loop(function(frame) { 134 | if (frame.valid) { 135 | if (typeof firstValidFrame === "undefined") { 136 | firstValidFrame = frame 137 | } 138 | 139 | if(frame.hands && frame.hands.length > 0) { 140 | var handPos = leapToScene( firstValidFrame , frame.hands[0].palmPosition ); 141 | 142 | scope.zoomTarget = 1.0 + 1.0 * handPos[1]; 143 | if(scope.zoomTarget < 1.0) 144 | scope.zoomTarget = 1.0; 145 | 146 | if(scope.zoomTarget > 1.6) 147 | scope.zoomTarget = 1.6; 148 | 149 | 150 | scope.angleTarget = handPos[0]; 151 | } 152 | 153 | if(frame.gestures && frame.gestures.length > 0) { 154 | var gesture = frame.gestures[0]; 155 | 156 | if(gesture.type === "circle") { 157 | // throttledChange(); 158 | } 159 | } 160 | } 161 | }); 162 | }); 163 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /src/graphemescope.coffee: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2 | # Polyfill for requestAnimationFrame function 3 | # http://www.paulirish.com/2011/requestanimationframe-for-smart-animating/ 4 | requestAnimFrame = (-> 5 | window.requestAnimationFrame || 6 | window.webkitRequestAnimationFrame || 7 | window.mozRequestAnimationFrame || 8 | (callback) -> 9 | window.setTimeout callback, (1000 / 30) 10 | )() 11 | 12 | # Калейдоскоп 13 | window.Graphemescope = class Graphemescope 14 | constructor: ( @parentElement = window.document.body ) -> 15 | @enabled = true 16 | @radiusFactor = 1.0 17 | 18 | # Конкретные значения угла и увеличения (используются внутренне) 19 | # Меняются от 0 до 1 20 | @zoomFactor = 1.0 21 | @angleFactor = 0.0 22 | 23 | # Значения угла и увеличения, доступные из интерфейса 24 | @zoomTarget = 1.2 25 | @angleTarget = 0.8 26 | 27 | # Настройки плавности движения 28 | @easeEnabled = true 29 | @ease = 0.1 30 | 31 | @domElement ?= document.createElement "canvas" 32 | @ctx ?= @domElement.getContext "2d" 33 | 34 | @alphaFactor = 1.0 35 | @alphaTarget = 1.0 36 | 37 | @parentElement.appendChild @domElement 38 | 39 | # Запоминаем старый обработчик события resize 40 | # TODO: сделать через addEventListener! 41 | @oldResizeHandler = () -> 42 | 43 | if window.onresize != null 44 | @oldResizeHandler = window.onresize 45 | 46 | window.onresize = () => do @resizeHandler 47 | do @resizeHandler 48 | 49 | requestAnimFrame => do @animationFrame 50 | 51 | animationFrame : -> 52 | requestAnimFrame => do @animationFrame 53 | if @enabled 54 | do @update 55 | do @draw 56 | 57 | # Обработчик resize события 58 | resizeHandler : -> 59 | @width = @domElement.width = @parentElement.offsetWidth 60 | @height = @domElement.height = @parentElement.offsetHeight 61 | 62 | @radius = 0.5 * @radiusFactor * Math.min(@width, @height) 63 | @radiusHeight = 0.5 * Math.sqrt(3) * @radius 64 | 65 | do @oldResizeHandler 66 | 67 | # Функция обновления параметром (для изменения параметров движения) 68 | update: -> 69 | if @easeEnabled 70 | # Плавность включена 71 | @angleFactor += ( @angleTarget - @angleFactor ) * @ease 72 | @zoomFactor += ( @zoomTarget - @zoomFactor ) * @ease 73 | @alphaFactor += ( @alphaTarget - @alphaFactor ) * @ease 74 | else 75 | # Плавность выключена 76 | @angleFactor = @angleTarget 77 | @zoomFactor = @zoomTarget 78 | @alphaFactor = @alphaTarget 79 | 80 | # Функция рисует заданную картинку в центре правильного треугольника 81 | drawImage : (image) -> 82 | @ctx.save() 83 | 84 | # Cчитаем радиус описанной окружности 85 | outerRadius = 2 / 3 * @radiusHeight 86 | 87 | # Делаем масштабирование таким, что при zoomFactor = 1 картинка полностью оптимально 88 | # заполняет треугольник 89 | zoom = @zoomFactor * outerRadius / (0.5 * Math.min(image.width, image.height)) 90 | 91 | # Помещаем центр вращения в центр треугольника, то есть в центр описанной окружности. 92 | # Центр лежит на высоте и делит ее в отношении 2/3 93 | @ctx.translate 0, outerRadius 94 | @ctx.scale zoom, zoom 95 | @ctx.rotate @angleFactor * 2 * Math.PI 96 | @ctx.translate -0.5 * image.width, -0.5 * image.height 97 | 98 | @ctx.fill() 99 | @ctx.restore() 100 | 101 | # Функция рисует одну ячейку (соту) калейдоскопа в центре 102 | # системы координат с радиусом @radius 103 | drawCell : (image) -> 104 | # Сота состоит из 6 лепестков, каждый лепесток - 105 | # равносторонний треугольник с радиусом @radius 106 | for cellIndex in [ 0...6 ] 107 | @ctx.save() 108 | @ctx.rotate(cellIndex * 2.0 * Math.PI / 6.0) 109 | 110 | # Каждый следующий лепесток отображаем зеркально 111 | @ctx.scale [-1, 1][ cellIndex % 2], 1 112 | @ctx.beginPath() 113 | 114 | # Рисуем правильный треугольник, вспоминая школьные формулы: 115 | # 1. В равнобедренном (то есть и в правильном треугольнике) высота есть и медиана 116 | # 2. Высота равна sqrt(3) / 2 стороны треугольника 117 | @ctx.moveTo 0, 0 118 | @ctx.lineTo -0.5 * @radius, 1.0 * @radiusHeight 119 | @ctx.lineTo 0.5 * @radius, 1.0 * @radiusHeight 120 | @ctx.closePath() 121 | 122 | @drawImage image 123 | 124 | @ctx.restore() 125 | 126 | # Функция отрисовки 127 | drawLayer: (image) -> 128 | @ctx.save() 129 | 130 | # Перемещаемся в центр 131 | @ctx.translate 0.5 * @width, 0.5 * @height 132 | 133 | # Вычисляем, сколько сот нужно рисовать 134 | # (не уверен, что формулы работают оптимально, но экран 135 | # они покрывают) 136 | verticalLimit = Math.ceil(0.5 * @height / @radiusHeight) 137 | horizontalLimit = Math.ceil(0.5 * @width / (3 * @radius)) 138 | 139 | horizontalStrype = [ -horizontalLimit .. horizontalLimit ] 140 | verticalStrype = [ -verticalLimit .. verticalLimit ] 141 | 142 | for v in verticalStrype 143 | @ctx.save() 144 | @ctx.translate 0, @radiusHeight * v 145 | 146 | # Сдвиг у нечетных слоев 147 | if (Math.abs(v) % 2) 148 | @ctx.translate 1.5 * @radius, 0 149 | 150 | for h in horizontalStrype 151 | @ctx.save() 152 | 153 | @ctx.translate 3 * h * @radius, 0 154 | @drawCell image 155 | 156 | @ctx.restore() 157 | 158 | @ctx.restore() 159 | @ctx.restore() 160 | 161 | # Главная функция отрисовки 162 | draw : -> 163 | if @imageProxy? 164 | @ctx.fillStyle = @patternProxy 165 | @ctx.globalAlpha = 1 - @alphaFactor 166 | @drawLayer @imageProxy 167 | 168 | if @image? 169 | @ctx.fillStyle = @pattern 170 | @ctx.globalAlpha = @alphaFactor 171 | @drawLayer @image 172 | 173 | # Меняет картинку калейдоскопа напрямую (предполагается, что объект уже загружен) 174 | setImageDirect : (image) -> 175 | if @image? 176 | @imageProxy = @image 177 | @patternProxy = @pattern 178 | 179 | @image = image 180 | @pattern = @ctx.createPattern @image, "repeat" 181 | 182 | @alphaFactor = 0.0 183 | 184 | # Меняет картинку калейдоскопа 185 | setImage : (image) -> 186 | if typeof image is "string" 187 | # Аргумент - это строка с адресом картинки 188 | imageElement = new Image() 189 | imageElement.src = image 190 | imageElement.onload = => 191 | @setImageDirect imageElement 192 | else 193 | @setImageDirect image 194 | 195 | 196 | 197 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /demo/common/vendor/dancer.min.js: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | /* dancer.js - v0.3.2 - 2012-09-29 2 | * https://github.com/jsantell/dancer.js 3 | * Copyright (c) 2012 Jordan Santell; Licensed MIT */ 4 | function FourierTransform(e,t){this.bufferSize=e,this.sampleRate=t,this.bandwidth=2/e*t/2,this.spectrum=new Float32Array(e/2),this.real=new Float32Array(e),this.imag=new Float32Array(e),this.peakBand=0,this.peak=0,this.getBandFrequency=function(e){return this.bandwidth*e+this.bandwidth/2},this.calculateSpectrum=function(){var t=this.spectrum,n=this.real,r=this.imag,i=2/this.bufferSize,s=Math.sqrt,o,u,a;for(var f=0,l=e/2;fthis.peak&&(this.peakBand=f,this.peak=a),t[f]=a}}function FFT(e,t){FourierTransform.call(this,e,t),this.reverseTable=new Uint32Array(e);var n=1,r=e>>1,i;while(n>=1}this.sinTable=new Float32Array(e),this.cosTable=new Float32Array(e);for(i=0;ie},callback:t}),this},before:function(e,t){var n=this;return this.sections.push({condition:function(){return n.getTime()e&&r.getTime()e&&!this.called},callback:function(){t.call(this),r.called=!0},called:!1}),r=this.sections[this.sections.length-1],this}},window.Dancer=e})(),function(e){function r(){var e=!!(navigator.vendor||"").match(/Apple/),t=navigator.userAgent.match(/Version\/([^ ]*)/);return t=t?parseFloat(t[1]):0,e&&t<=6}var t={mp3:"audio/mpeg;",ogg:'audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"',wav:'audio/wav; codecs="1"',aac:'audio/mp4; codecs="mp4a.40.2"'},n=document.createElement("audio");e.options={},e.setOptions=function(t){for(var n in t)t.hasOwnProperty(n)&&(e.options[n]=t[n])},e.isSupported=function(){return!window.Float32Array||!window.Uint32Array?null:!r()&&(window.AudioContext||window.webkitAudioContext)?"webaudio":n&&n.mozSetup?"audiodata":FlashDetect.versionAtLeast(9)?"flash":""},e.canPlay=function(r){var i=n.canPlayType;return e.isSupported()==="flash"?r.toLowerCase()==="mp3":!!n.canPlayType&&!!n.canPlayType(t[r.toLowerCase()]).replace(/no/,"")},e.addPlugin=function(t,n){e.prototype[t]===undefined&&(e.prototype[t]=n)},e._makeSupportedPath=function(t,n){if(!n)return t;for(var r=0;r=this.currentThreshold&&e>=this.threshold?(this.currentThreshold=e,this.onKick&&this.onKick.call(this.dancer,e)):(this.offKick&&this.offKick.call(this.dancer,e),this.currentThreshold-=this.decay)},maxAmplitude:function(e){var t=0,n=this.dancer.getSpectrum();if(!e.length)return et&&(t=n[r]);return t}},window.Dancer.Kick=t}(),function(){function r(){this.source=this.context.createMediaElementSource(this.audio),this.source.connect(this.proc),this.source.connect(this.gain),this.gain.connect(this.context.destination),this.proc.connect(this.context.destination),this.isLoaded=!0,this.progress=1,this.dancer.trigger("loaded")}var e=2048,t=44100,n=function(e){this.dancer=e,this.audio=new Audio,this.context=window.AudioContext?new window.AudioContext:new window.webkitAudioContext};n.prototype={load:function(n){var i=this;return this.audio=n,this.isLoaded=!1,this.progress=0,this.proc=this.context.createJavaScriptNode(e/2,1,1),this.proc.onaudioprocess=function(e){i.update.call(i,e)},this.gain=this.context.createGainNode(),this.fft=new FFT(e/2,t),this.signal=new Float32Array(e/2),this.audio.readyState<3?this.audio.addEventListener("canplay",function(){r.call(i)}):r.call(i),this.audio.addEventListener("progress",function(e){e.currentTarget.duration&&(i.progress=e.currentTarget.seekable.end(0)/e.currentTarget.duration)}),this.audio},play:function(){this.audio.play(),this.isPlaying=!0},pause:function(){this.audio.pause(),this.isPlaying=!1},setVolume:function(e){this.gain.gain.value=e},getVolume:function(){return this.gain.gain.value},getProgress:function(){return this.progress},getWaveform:function(){return this.signal},getSpectrum:function(){return this.fft.spectrum},getTime:function(){return this.audio.currentTime},update:function(t){if(!this.isPlaying||!this.isLoaded)return;var n=[],r=t.inputBuffer.numberOfChannels,i=e/r,s=function(e,t){return e[o]+t[o]},o;for(o=r;o--;)n.push(t.inputBuffer.getChannelData(o));for(o=0;o1?n.reduce(s)/r:n[0][o];this.fft.forward(this.signal),this.dancer.trigger("update")}},Dancer.adapters.webkit=n}(),function(){function t(){this.fbLength=this.audio.mozFrameBufferLength,this.channels=this.audio.mozChannels,this.rate=this.audio.mozSampleRate,this.fft=new FFT(this.fbLength/this.channels,this.rate),this.signal=new Float32Array(this.fbLength/this.channels),this.isLoaded=!0,this.progress=1,this.dancer.trigger("loaded")}var e=function(e){this.dancer=e,this.audio=new Audio};e.prototype={load:function(e){var n=this;return this.audio=e,this.isLoaded=!1,this.progress=0,this.audio.readyState<3?this.audio.addEventListener("loadedmetadata",function(){t.call(n)},!1):t.call(n),this.audio.addEventListener("MozAudioAvailable",function(e){n.update(e)},!1),this.audio.addEventListener("progress",function(e){e.currentTarget.duration&&(n.progress=e.currentTarget.seekable.end(0)/e.currentTarget.duration)},!1),this.audio},play:function(){this.audio.play(),this.isPlaying=!0},pause:function(){this.audio.pause(),this.isPlaying=!1},setVolume:function(e){this.audio.volume=e},getVolume:function(){return this.audio.volume},getProgress:function(){return this.progress},getWaveform:function(){return this.signal},getSpectrum:function(){return this.fft.spectrum},getTime:function(){return this.audio.currentTime},update:function(e){if(!this.isPlaying||!this.isLoaded)return;for(var t=0,n=this.fbLength/2;t=t},e.minorAtLeast=function(t){return e.minor>=t},e.revisionAtLeast=function(t){return e.revision>=t},e.versionAtLeast=function(t){var n=[e.major,e.minor,e.revision],r=Math.min(n.length,arguments.length);for(i=0;i=arguments[i]){if(i+10){var n="application/x-shockwave-flash",i=navigator.mimeTypes;if(i&&i[n]&&i[n].enabledPlugin&&i[n].enabledPlugin.description){var u=i[n].enabledPlugin.description,a=o(u);e.raw=a.raw,e.major=a.major,e.minor=a.minor,e.revisionStr=a.revisionStr,e.revision=a.revision,e.installed=!0}}else if(navigator.appVersion.indexOf("Mac")==-1&&window.execScript){var u=-1;for(var f=0;f 2; 110 | if (obj == null) obj = []; 111 | if (nativeReduce && obj.reduce === nativeReduce) { 112 | if (context) iterator = _.bind(iterator, context); 113 | return initial ? obj.reduce(iterator, memo) : obj.reduce(iterator); 114 | } 115 | each(obj, function(value, index, list) { 116 | if (!initial) { 117 | memo = value; 118 | initial = true; 119 | } else { 120 | memo = iterator.call(context, memo, value, index, list); 121 | } 122 | }); 123 | if (!initial) throw new TypeError(reduceError); 124 | return memo; 125 | }; 126 | 127 | // The right-associative version of reduce, also known as `foldr`. 128 | // Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `reduceRight` if available. 129 | _.reduceRight = _.foldr = function(obj, iterator, memo, context) { 130 | var initial = arguments.length > 2; 131 | if (obj == null) obj = []; 132 | if (nativeReduceRight && obj.reduceRight === nativeReduceRight) { 133 | if (context) iterator = _.bind(iterator, context); 134 | return initial ? obj.reduceRight(iterator, memo) : obj.reduceRight(iterator); 135 | } 136 | var length = obj.length; 137 | if (length !== +length) { 138 | var keys = _.keys(obj); 139 | length = keys.length; 140 | } 141 | each(obj, function(value, index, list) { 142 | index = keys ? keys[--length] : --length; 143 | if (!initial) { 144 | memo = obj[index]; 145 | initial = true; 146 | } else { 147 | memo = iterator.call(context, memo, obj[index], index, list); 148 | } 149 | }); 150 | if (!initial) throw new TypeError(reduceError); 151 | return memo; 152 | }; 153 | 154 | // Return the first value which passes a truth test. Aliased as `detect`. 155 | _.find = _.detect = function(obj, iterator, context) { 156 | var result; 157 | any(obj, function(value, index, list) { 158 | if (iterator.call(context, value, index, list)) { 159 | result = value; 160 | return true; 161 | } 162 | }); 163 | return result; 164 | }; 165 | 166 | // Return all the elements that pass a truth test. 167 | // Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `filter` if available. 168 | // Aliased as `select`. 169 | _.filter = _.select = function(obj, iterator, context) { 170 | var results = []; 171 | if (obj == null) return results; 172 | if (nativeFilter && obj.filter === nativeFilter) return obj.filter(iterator, context); 173 | each(obj, function(value, index, list) { 174 | if (iterator.call(context, value, index, list)) results.push(value); 175 | }); 176 | return results; 177 | }; 178 | 179 | // Return all the elements for which a truth test fails. 180 | _.reject = function(obj, iterator, context) { 181 | return _.filter(obj, function(value, index, list) { 182 | return !iterator.call(context, value, index, list); 183 | }, context); 184 | }; 185 | 186 | // Determine whether all of the elements match a truth test. 187 | // Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `every` if available. 188 | // Aliased as `all`. 189 | _.every = _.all = function(obj, iterator, context) { 190 | iterator || (iterator = _.identity); 191 | var result = true; 192 | if (obj == null) return result; 193 | if (nativeEvery && obj.every === nativeEvery) return obj.every(iterator, context); 194 | each(obj, function(value, index, list) { 195 | if (!(result = result && iterator.call(context, value, index, list))) return breaker; 196 | }); 197 | return !!result; 198 | }; 199 | 200 | // Determine if at least one element in the object matches a truth test. 201 | // Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `some` if available. 202 | // Aliased as `any`. 203 | var any = _.some = _.any = function(obj, iterator, context) { 204 | iterator || (iterator = _.identity); 205 | var result = false; 206 | if (obj == null) return result; 207 | if (nativeSome && obj.some === nativeSome) return obj.some(iterator, context); 208 | each(obj, function(value, index, list) { 209 | if (result || (result = iterator.call(context, value, index, list))) return breaker; 210 | }); 211 | return !!result; 212 | }; 213 | 214 | // Determine if the array or object contains a given value (using `===`). 215 | // Aliased as `include`. 216 | _.contains = _.include = function(obj, target) { 217 | if (obj == null) return false; 218 | if (nativeIndexOf && obj.indexOf === nativeIndexOf) return obj.indexOf(target) != -1; 219 | return any(obj, function(value) { 220 | return value === target; 221 | }); 222 | }; 223 | 224 | // Invoke a method (with arguments) on every item in a collection. 225 | _.invoke = function(obj, method) { 226 | var args = slice.call(arguments, 2); 227 | var isFunc = _.isFunction(method); 228 | return _.map(obj, function(value) { 229 | return (isFunc ? method : value[method]).apply(value, args); 230 | }); 231 | }; 232 | 233 | // Convenience version of a common use case of `map`: fetching a property. 234 | _.pluck = function(obj, key) { 235 | return _.map(obj, function(value){ return value[key]; }); 236 | }; 237 | 238 | // Convenience version of a common use case of `filter`: selecting only objects 239 | // containing specific `key:value` pairs. 240 | _.where = function(obj, attrs, first) { 241 | if (_.isEmpty(attrs)) return first ? void 0 : []; 242 | return _[first ? 'find' : 'filter'](obj, function(value) { 243 | for (var key in attrs) { 244 | if (attrs[key] !== value[key]) return false; 245 | } 246 | return true; 247 | }); 248 | }; 249 | 250 | // Convenience version of a common use case of `find`: getting the first object 251 | // containing specific `key:value` pairs. 252 | _.findWhere = function(obj, attrs) { 253 | return _.where(obj, attrs, true); 254 | }; 255 | 256 | // Return the maximum element or (element-based computation). 257 | // Can't optimize arrays of integers longer than 65,535 elements. 258 | // See [WebKit Bug 80797](https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=80797) 259 | _.max = function(obj, iterator, context) { 260 | if (!iterator && _.isArray(obj) && obj[0] === +obj[0] && obj.length < 65535) { 261 | return Math.max.apply(Math, obj); 262 | } 263 | if (!iterator && _.isEmpty(obj)) return -Infinity; 264 | var result = {computed : -Infinity, value: -Infinity}; 265 | each(obj, function(value, index, list) { 266 | var computed = iterator ? iterator.call(context, value, index, list) : value; 267 | computed > result.computed && (result = {value : value, computed : computed}); 268 | }); 269 | return result.value; 270 | }; 271 | 272 | // Return the minimum element (or element-based computation). 273 | _.min = function(obj, iterator, context) { 274 | if (!iterator && _.isArray(obj) && obj[0] === +obj[0] && obj.length < 65535) { 275 | return Math.min.apply(Math, obj); 276 | } 277 | if (!iterator && _.isEmpty(obj)) return Infinity; 278 | var result = {computed : Infinity, value: Infinity}; 279 | each(obj, function(value, index, list) { 280 | var computed = iterator ? iterator.call(context, value, index, list) : value; 281 | computed < result.computed && (result = {value : value, computed : computed}); 282 | }); 283 | return result.value; 284 | }; 285 | 286 | // Shuffle an array, using the modern version of the 287 | // [Fisher-Yates shuffle](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisher–Yates_shuffle). 288 | _.shuffle = function(obj) { 289 | var rand; 290 | var index = 0; 291 | var shuffled = []; 292 | each(obj, function(value) { 293 | rand = _.random(index++); 294 | shuffled[index - 1] = shuffled[rand]; 295 | shuffled[rand] = value; 296 | }); 297 | return shuffled; 298 | }; 299 | 300 | // Sample **n** random values from an array. 301 | // If **n** is not specified, returns a single random element from the array. 302 | // The internal `guard` argument allows it to work with `map`. 303 | _.sample = function(obj, n, guard) { 304 | if (arguments.length < 2 || guard) { 305 | return obj[_.random(obj.length - 1)]; 306 | } 307 | return _.shuffle(obj).slice(0, Math.max(0, n)); 308 | }; 309 | 310 | // An internal function to generate lookup iterators. 311 | var lookupIterator = function(value) { 312 | return _.isFunction(value) ? value : function(obj){ return obj[value]; }; 313 | }; 314 | 315 | // Sort the object's values by a criterion produced by an iterator. 316 | _.sortBy = function(obj, value, context) { 317 | var iterator = lookupIterator(value); 318 | return _.pluck(_.map(obj, function(value, index, list) { 319 | return { 320 | value: value, 321 | index: index, 322 | criteria: iterator.call(context, value, index, list) 323 | }; 324 | }).sort(function(left, right) { 325 | var a = left.criteria; 326 | var b = right.criteria; 327 | if (a !== b) { 328 | if (a > b || a === void 0) return 1; 329 | if (a < b || b === void 0) return -1; 330 | } 331 | return left.index - right.index; 332 | }), 'value'); 333 | }; 334 | 335 | // An internal function used for aggregate "group by" operations. 336 | var group = function(behavior) { 337 | return function(obj, value, context) { 338 | var result = {}; 339 | var iterator = value == null ? _.identity : lookupIterator(value); 340 | each(obj, function(value, index) { 341 | var key = iterator.call(context, value, index, obj); 342 | behavior(result, key, value); 343 | }); 344 | return result; 345 | }; 346 | }; 347 | 348 | // Groups the object's values by a criterion. Pass either a string attribute 349 | // to group by, or a function that returns the criterion. 350 | _.groupBy = group(function(result, key, value) { 351 | (_.has(result, key) ? result[key] : (result[key] = [])).push(value); 352 | }); 353 | 354 | // Indexes the object's values by a criterion, similar to `groupBy`, but for 355 | // when you know that your index values will be unique. 356 | _.indexBy = group(function(result, key, value) { 357 | result[key] = value; 358 | }); 359 | 360 | // Counts instances of an object that group by a certain criterion. Pass 361 | // either a string attribute to count by, or a function that returns the 362 | // criterion. 363 | _.countBy = group(function(result, key) { 364 | _.has(result, key) ? result[key]++ : result[key] = 1; 365 | }); 366 | 367 | // Use a comparator function to figure out the smallest index at which 368 | // an object should be inserted so as to maintain order. Uses binary search. 369 | _.sortedIndex = function(array, obj, iterator, context) { 370 | iterator = iterator == null ? _.identity : lookupIterator(iterator); 371 | var value = iterator.call(context, obj); 372 | var low = 0, high = array.length; 373 | while (low < high) { 374 | var mid = (low + high) >>> 1; 375 | iterator.call(context, array[mid]) < value ? low = mid + 1 : high = mid; 376 | } 377 | return low; 378 | }; 379 | 380 | // Safely create a real, live array from anything iterable. 381 | _.toArray = function(obj) { 382 | if (!obj) return []; 383 | if (_.isArray(obj)) return slice.call(obj); 384 | if (obj.length === +obj.length) return _.map(obj, _.identity); 385 | return _.values(obj); 386 | }; 387 | 388 | // Return the number of elements in an object. 389 | _.size = function(obj) { 390 | if (obj == null) return 0; 391 | return (obj.length === +obj.length) ? obj.length : _.keys(obj).length; 392 | }; 393 | 394 | // Array Functions 395 | // --------------- 396 | 397 | // Get the first element of an array. Passing **n** will return the first N 398 | // values in the array. Aliased as `head` and `take`. The **guard** check 399 | // allows it to work with `_.map`. 400 | _.first = _.head = _.take = function(array, n, guard) { 401 | if (array == null) return void 0; 402 | return (n == null) || guard ? array[0] : slice.call(array, 0, n); 403 | }; 404 | 405 | // Returns everything but the last entry of the array. Especially useful on 406 | // the arguments object. Passing **n** will return all the values in 407 | // the array, excluding the last N. The **guard** check allows it to work with 408 | // `_.map`. 409 | _.initial = function(array, n, guard) { 410 | return slice.call(array, 0, array.length - ((n == null) || guard ? 1 : n)); 411 | }; 412 | 413 | // Get the last element of an array. Passing **n** will return the last N 414 | // values in the array. The **guard** check allows it to work with `_.map`. 415 | _.last = function(array, n, guard) { 416 | if (array == null) return void 0; 417 | if ((n == null) || guard) { 418 | return array[array.length - 1]; 419 | } else { 420 | return slice.call(array, Math.max(array.length - n, 0)); 421 | } 422 | }; 423 | 424 | // Returns everything but the first entry of the array. Aliased as `tail` and `drop`. 425 | // Especially useful on the arguments object. Passing an **n** will return 426 | // the rest N values in the array. The **guard** 427 | // check allows it to work with `_.map`. 428 | _.rest = _.tail = _.drop = function(array, n, guard) { 429 | return slice.call(array, (n == null) || guard ? 1 : n); 430 | }; 431 | 432 | // Trim out all falsy values from an array. 433 | _.compact = function(array) { 434 | return _.filter(array, _.identity); 435 | }; 436 | 437 | // Internal implementation of a recursive `flatten` function. 438 | var flatten = function(input, shallow, output) { 439 | if (shallow && _.every(input, _.isArray)) { 440 | return concat.apply(output, input); 441 | } 442 | each(input, function(value) { 443 | if (_.isArray(value) || _.isArguments(value)) { 444 | shallow ? push.apply(output, value) : flatten(value, shallow, output); 445 | } else { 446 | output.push(value); 447 | } 448 | }); 449 | return output; 450 | }; 451 | 452 | // Flatten out an array, either recursively (by default), or just one level. 453 | _.flatten = function(array, shallow) { 454 | return flatten(array, shallow, []); 455 | }; 456 | 457 | // Return a version of the array that does not contain the specified value(s). 458 | _.without = function(array) { 459 | return _.difference(array, slice.call(arguments, 1)); 460 | }; 461 | 462 | // Produce a duplicate-free version of the array. If the array has already 463 | // been sorted, you have the option of using a faster algorithm. 464 | // Aliased as `unique`. 465 | _.uniq = _.unique = function(array, isSorted, iterator, context) { 466 | if (_.isFunction(isSorted)) { 467 | context = iterator; 468 | iterator = isSorted; 469 | isSorted = false; 470 | } 471 | var initial = iterator ? _.map(array, iterator, context) : array; 472 | var results = []; 473 | var seen = []; 474 | each(initial, function(value, index) { 475 | if (isSorted ? (!index || seen[seen.length - 1] !== value) : !_.contains(seen, value)) { 476 | seen.push(value); 477 | results.push(array[index]); 478 | } 479 | }); 480 | return results; 481 | }; 482 | 483 | // Produce an array that contains the union: each distinct element from all of 484 | // the passed-in arrays. 485 | _.union = function() { 486 | return _.uniq(_.flatten(arguments, true)); 487 | }; 488 | 489 | // Produce an array that contains every item shared between all the 490 | // passed-in arrays. 491 | _.intersection = function(array) { 492 | var rest = slice.call(arguments, 1); 493 | return _.filter(_.uniq(array), function(item) { 494 | return _.every(rest, function(other) { 495 | return _.indexOf(other, item) >= 0; 496 | }); 497 | }); 498 | }; 499 | 500 | // Take the difference between one array and a number of other arrays. 501 | // Only the elements present in just the first array will remain. 502 | _.difference = function(array) { 503 | var rest = concat.apply(ArrayProto, slice.call(arguments, 1)); 504 | return _.filter(array, function(value){ return !_.contains(rest, value); }); 505 | }; 506 | 507 | // Zip together multiple lists into a single array -- elements that share 508 | // an index go together. 509 | _.zip = function() { 510 | var length = _.max(_.pluck(arguments, "length").concat(0)); 511 | var results = new Array(length); 512 | for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) { 513 | results[i] = _.pluck(arguments, '' + i); 514 | } 515 | return results; 516 | }; 517 | 518 | // Converts lists into objects. Pass either a single array of `[key, value]` 519 | // pairs, or two parallel arrays of the same length -- one of keys, and one of 520 | // the corresponding values. 521 | _.object = function(list, values) { 522 | if (list == null) return {}; 523 | var result = {}; 524 | for (var i = 0, length = list.length; i < length; i++) { 525 | if (values) { 526 | result[list[i]] = values[i]; 527 | } else { 528 | result[list[i][0]] = list[i][1]; 529 | } 530 | } 531 | return result; 532 | }; 533 | 534 | // If the browser doesn't supply us with indexOf (I'm looking at you, **MSIE**), 535 | // we need this function. Return the position of the first occurrence of an 536 | // item in an array, or -1 if the item is not included in the array. 537 | // Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `indexOf` if available. 538 | // If the array is large and already in sort order, pass `true` 539 | // for **isSorted** to use binary search. 540 | _.indexOf = function(array, item, isSorted) { 541 | if (array == null) return -1; 542 | var i = 0, length = array.length; 543 | if (isSorted) { 544 | if (typeof isSorted == 'number') { 545 | i = (isSorted < 0 ? Math.max(0, length + isSorted) : isSorted); 546 | } else { 547 | i = _.sortedIndex(array, item); 548 | return array[i] === item ? i : -1; 549 | } 550 | } 551 | if (nativeIndexOf && array.indexOf === nativeIndexOf) return array.indexOf(item, isSorted); 552 | for (; i < length; i++) if (array[i] === item) return i; 553 | return -1; 554 | }; 555 | 556 | // Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `lastIndexOf` if available. 557 | _.lastIndexOf = function(array, item, from) { 558 | if (array == null) return -1; 559 | var hasIndex = from != null; 560 | if (nativeLastIndexOf && array.lastIndexOf === nativeLastIndexOf) { 561 | return hasIndex ? array.lastIndexOf(item, from) : array.lastIndexOf(item); 562 | } 563 | var i = (hasIndex ? from : array.length); 564 | while (i--) if (array[i] === item) return i; 565 | return -1; 566 | }; 567 | 568 | // Generate an integer Array containing an arithmetic progression. A port of 569 | // the native Python `range()` function. See 570 | // [the Python documentation](http://docs.python.org/library/functions.html#range). 571 | _.range = function(start, stop, step) { 572 | if (arguments.length <= 1) { 573 | stop = start || 0; 574 | start = 0; 575 | } 576 | step = arguments[2] || 1; 577 | 578 | var length = Math.max(Math.ceil((stop - start) / step), 0); 579 | var idx = 0; 580 | var range = new Array(length); 581 | 582 | while(idx < length) { 583 | range[idx++] = start; 584 | start += step; 585 | } 586 | 587 | return range; 588 | }; 589 | 590 | // Function (ahem) Functions 591 | // ------------------ 592 | 593 | // Reusable constructor function for prototype setting. 594 | var ctor = function(){}; 595 | 596 | // Create a function bound to a given object (assigning `this`, and arguments, 597 | // optionally). Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `Function.bind` if 598 | // available. 599 | _.bind = function(func, context) { 600 | var args, bound; 601 | if (nativeBind && func.bind === nativeBind) return nativeBind.apply(func, slice.call(arguments, 1)); 602 | if (!_.isFunction(func)) throw new TypeError; 603 | args = slice.call(arguments, 2); 604 | return bound = function() { 605 | if (!(this instanceof bound)) return func.apply(context, args.concat(slice.call(arguments))); 606 | ctor.prototype = func.prototype; 607 | var self = new ctor; 608 | ctor.prototype = null; 609 | var result = func.apply(self, args.concat(slice.call(arguments))); 610 | if (Object(result) === result) return result; 611 | return self; 612 | }; 613 | }; 614 | 615 | // Partially apply a function by creating a version that has had some of its 616 | // arguments pre-filled, without changing its dynamic `this` context. 617 | _.partial = function(func) { 618 | var args = slice.call(arguments, 1); 619 | return function() { 620 | return func.apply(this, args.concat(slice.call(arguments))); 621 | }; 622 | }; 623 | 624 | // Bind all of an object's methods to that object. Useful for ensuring that 625 | // all callbacks defined on an object belong to it. 626 | _.bindAll = function(obj) { 627 | var funcs = slice.call(arguments, 1); 628 | if (funcs.length === 0) throw new Error("bindAll must be passed function names"); 629 | each(funcs, function(f) { obj[f] = _.bind(obj[f], obj); }); 630 | return obj; 631 | }; 632 | 633 | // Memoize an expensive function by storing its results. 634 | _.memoize = function(func, hasher) { 635 | var memo = {}; 636 | hasher || (hasher = _.identity); 637 | return function() { 638 | var key = hasher.apply(this, arguments); 639 | return _.has(memo, key) ? memo[key] : (memo[key] = func.apply(this, arguments)); 640 | }; 641 | }; 642 | 643 | // Delays a function for the given number of milliseconds, and then calls 644 | // it with the arguments supplied. 645 | _.delay = function(func, wait) { 646 | var args = slice.call(arguments, 2); 647 | return setTimeout(function(){ return func.apply(null, args); }, wait); 648 | }; 649 | 650 | // Defers a function, scheduling it to run after the current call stack has 651 | // cleared. 652 | _.defer = function(func) { 653 | return _.delay.apply(_, [func, 1].concat(slice.call(arguments, 1))); 654 | }; 655 | 656 | // Returns a function, that, when invoked, will only be triggered at most once 657 | // during a given window of time. Normally, the throttled function will run 658 | // as much as it can, without ever going more than once per `wait` duration; 659 | // but if you'd like to disable the execution on the leading edge, pass 660 | // `{leading: false}`. To disable execution on the trailing edge, ditto. 661 | _.throttle = function(func, wait, options) { 662 | var context, args, result; 663 | var timeout = null; 664 | var previous = 0; 665 | options || (options = {}); 666 | var later = function() { 667 | previous = options.leading === false ? 0 : new Date; 668 | timeout = null; 669 | result = func.apply(context, args); 670 | }; 671 | return function() { 672 | var now = new Date; 673 | if (!previous && options.leading === false) previous = now; 674 | var remaining = wait - (now - previous); 675 | context = this; 676 | args = arguments; 677 | if (remaining <= 0) { 678 | clearTimeout(timeout); 679 | timeout = null; 680 | previous = now; 681 | result = func.apply(context, args); 682 | } else if (!timeout && options.trailing !== false) { 683 | timeout = setTimeout(later, remaining); 684 | } 685 | return result; 686 | }; 687 | }; 688 | 689 | // Returns a function, that, as long as it continues to be invoked, will not 690 | // be triggered. The function will be called after it stops being called for 691 | // N milliseconds. If `immediate` is passed, trigger the function on the 692 | // leading edge, instead of the trailing. 693 | _.debounce = function(func, wait, immediate) { 694 | var timeout, args, context, timestamp, result; 695 | return function() { 696 | context = this; 697 | args = arguments; 698 | timestamp = new Date(); 699 | var later = function() { 700 | var last = (new Date()) - timestamp; 701 | if (last < wait) { 702 | timeout = setTimeout(later, wait - last); 703 | } else { 704 | timeout = null; 705 | if (!immediate) result = func.apply(context, args); 706 | } 707 | }; 708 | var callNow = immediate && !timeout; 709 | if (!timeout) { 710 | timeout = setTimeout(later, wait); 711 | } 712 | if (callNow) result = func.apply(context, args); 713 | return result; 714 | }; 715 | }; 716 | 717 | // Returns a function that will be executed at most one time, no matter how 718 | // often you call it. Useful for lazy initialization. 719 | _.once = function(func) { 720 | var ran = false, memo; 721 | return function() { 722 | if (ran) return memo; 723 | ran = true; 724 | memo = func.apply(this, arguments); 725 | func = null; 726 | return memo; 727 | }; 728 | }; 729 | 730 | // Returns the first function passed as an argument to the second, 731 | // allowing you to adjust arguments, run code before and after, and 732 | // conditionally execute the original function. 733 | _.wrap = function(func, wrapper) { 734 | return function() { 735 | var args = [func]; 736 | push.apply(args, arguments); 737 | return wrapper.apply(this, args); 738 | }; 739 | }; 740 | 741 | // Returns a function that is the composition of a list of functions, each 742 | // consuming the return value of the function that follows. 743 | _.compose = function() { 744 | var funcs = arguments; 745 | return function() { 746 | var args = arguments; 747 | for (var i = funcs.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) { 748 | args = [funcs[i].apply(this, args)]; 749 | } 750 | return args[0]; 751 | }; 752 | }; 753 | 754 | // Returns a function that will only be executed after being called N times. 755 | _.after = function(times, func) { 756 | return function() { 757 | if (--times < 1) { 758 | return func.apply(this, arguments); 759 | } 760 | }; 761 | }; 762 | 763 | // Object Functions 764 | // ---------------- 765 | 766 | // Retrieve the names of an object's properties. 767 | // Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `Object.keys` 768 | _.keys = nativeKeys || function(obj) { 769 | if (obj !== Object(obj)) throw new TypeError('Invalid object'); 770 | var keys = []; 771 | for (var key in obj) if (_.has(obj, key)) keys.push(key); 772 | return keys; 773 | }; 774 | 775 | // Retrieve the values of an object's properties. 776 | _.values = function(obj) { 777 | var keys = _.keys(obj); 778 | var length = keys.length; 779 | var values = new Array(length); 780 | for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) { 781 | values[i] = obj[keys[i]]; 782 | } 783 | return values; 784 | }; 785 | 786 | // Convert an object into a list of `[key, value]` pairs. 787 | _.pairs = function(obj) { 788 | var keys = _.keys(obj); 789 | var length = keys.length; 790 | var pairs = new Array(length); 791 | for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) { 792 | pairs[i] = [keys[i], obj[keys[i]]]; 793 | } 794 | return pairs; 795 | }; 796 | 797 | // Invert the keys and values of an object. The values must be serializable. 798 | _.invert = function(obj) { 799 | var result = {}; 800 | var keys = _.keys(obj); 801 | for (var i = 0, length = keys.length; i < length; i++) { 802 | result[obj[keys[i]]] = keys[i]; 803 | } 804 | return result; 805 | }; 806 | 807 | // Return a sorted list of the function names available on the object. 808 | // Aliased as `methods` 809 | _.functions = _.methods = function(obj) { 810 | var names = []; 811 | for (var key in obj) { 812 | if (_.isFunction(obj[key])) names.push(key); 813 | } 814 | return names.sort(); 815 | }; 816 | 817 | // Extend a given object with all the properties in passed-in object(s). 818 | _.extend = function(obj) { 819 | each(slice.call(arguments, 1), function(source) { 820 | if (source) { 821 | for (var prop in source) { 822 | obj[prop] = source[prop]; 823 | } 824 | } 825 | }); 826 | return obj; 827 | }; 828 | 829 | // Return a copy of the object only containing the whitelisted properties. 830 | _.pick = function(obj) { 831 | var copy = {}; 832 | var keys = concat.apply(ArrayProto, slice.call(arguments, 1)); 833 | each(keys, function(key) { 834 | if (key in obj) copy[key] = obj[key]; 835 | }); 836 | return copy; 837 | }; 838 | 839 | // Return a copy of the object without the blacklisted properties. 840 | _.omit = function(obj) { 841 | var copy = {}; 842 | var keys = concat.apply(ArrayProto, slice.call(arguments, 1)); 843 | for (var key in obj) { 844 | if (!_.contains(keys, key)) copy[key] = obj[key]; 845 | } 846 | return copy; 847 | }; 848 | 849 | // Fill in a given object with default properties. 850 | _.defaults = function(obj) { 851 | each(slice.call(arguments, 1), function(source) { 852 | if (source) { 853 | for (var prop in source) { 854 | if (obj[prop] === void 0) obj[prop] = source[prop]; 855 | } 856 | } 857 | }); 858 | return obj; 859 | }; 860 | 861 | // Create a (shallow-cloned) duplicate of an object. 862 | _.clone = function(obj) { 863 | if (!_.isObject(obj)) return obj; 864 | return _.isArray(obj) ? obj.slice() : _.extend({}, obj); 865 | }; 866 | 867 | // Invokes interceptor with the obj, and then returns obj. 868 | // The primary purpose of this method is to "tap into" a method chain, in 869 | // order to perform operations on intermediate results within the chain. 870 | _.tap = function(obj, interceptor) { 871 | interceptor(obj); 872 | return obj; 873 | }; 874 | 875 | // Internal recursive comparison function for `isEqual`. 876 | var eq = function(a, b, aStack, bStack) { 877 | // Identical objects are equal. `0 === -0`, but they aren't identical. 878 | // See the [Harmony `egal` proposal](http://wiki.ecmascript.org/doku.php?id=harmony:egal). 879 | if (a === b) return a !== 0 || 1 / a == 1 / b; 880 | // A strict comparison is necessary because `null == undefined`. 881 | if (a == null || b == null) return a === b; 882 | // Unwrap any wrapped objects. 883 | if (a instanceof _) a = a._wrapped; 884 | if (b instanceof _) b = b._wrapped; 885 | // Compare `[[Class]]` names. 886 | var className = toString.call(a); 887 | if (className != toString.call(b)) return false; 888 | switch (className) { 889 | // Strings, numbers, dates, and booleans are compared by value. 890 | case '[object String]': 891 | // Primitives and their corresponding object wrappers are equivalent; thus, `"5"` is 892 | // equivalent to `new String("5")`. 893 | return a == String(b); 894 | case '[object Number]': 895 | // `NaN`s are equivalent, but non-reflexive. An `egal` comparison is performed for 896 | // other numeric values. 897 | return a != +a ? b != +b : (a == 0 ? 1 / a == 1 / b : a == +b); 898 | case '[object Date]': 899 | case '[object Boolean]': 900 | // Coerce dates and booleans to numeric primitive values. Dates are compared by their 901 | // millisecond representations. Note that invalid dates with millisecond representations 902 | // of `NaN` are not equivalent. 903 | return +a == +b; 904 | // RegExps are compared by their source patterns and flags. 905 | case '[object RegExp]': 906 | return a.source == b.source && 907 | a.global == b.global && 908 | a.multiline == b.multiline && 909 | a.ignoreCase == b.ignoreCase; 910 | } 911 | if (typeof a != 'object' || typeof b != 'object') return false; 912 | // Assume equality for cyclic structures. The algorithm for detecting cyclic 913 | // structures is adapted from ES 5.1 section 15.12.3, abstract operation `JO`. 914 | var length = aStack.length; 915 | while (length--) { 916 | // Linear search. Performance is inversely proportional to the number of 917 | // unique nested structures. 918 | if (aStack[length] == a) return bStack[length] == b; 919 | } 920 | // Objects with different constructors are not equivalent, but `Object`s 921 | // from different frames are. 922 | var aCtor = a.constructor, bCtor = b.constructor; 923 | if (aCtor !== bCtor && !(_.isFunction(aCtor) && (aCtor instanceof aCtor) && 924 | _.isFunction(bCtor) && (bCtor instanceof bCtor))) { 925 | return false; 926 | } 927 | // Add the first object to the stack of traversed objects. 928 | aStack.push(a); 929 | bStack.push(b); 930 | var size = 0, result = true; 931 | // Recursively compare objects and arrays. 932 | if (className == '[object Array]') { 933 | // Compare array lengths to determine if a deep comparison is necessary. 934 | size = a.length; 935 | result = size == b.length; 936 | if (result) { 937 | // Deep compare the contents, ignoring non-numeric properties. 938 | while (size--) { 939 | if (!(result = eq(a[size], b[size], aStack, bStack))) break; 940 | } 941 | } 942 | } else { 943 | // Deep compare objects. 944 | for (var key in a) { 945 | if (_.has(a, key)) { 946 | // Count the expected number of properties. 947 | size++; 948 | // Deep compare each member. 949 | if (!(result = _.has(b, key) && eq(a[key], b[key], aStack, bStack))) break; 950 | } 951 | } 952 | // Ensure that both objects contain the same number of properties. 953 | if (result) { 954 | for (key in b) { 955 | if (_.has(b, key) && !(size--)) break; 956 | } 957 | result = !size; 958 | } 959 | } 960 | // Remove the first object from the stack of traversed objects. 961 | aStack.pop(); 962 | bStack.pop(); 963 | return result; 964 | }; 965 | 966 | // Perform a deep comparison to check if two objects are equal. 967 | _.isEqual = function(a, b) { 968 | return eq(a, b, [], []); 969 | }; 970 | 971 | // Is a given array, string, or object empty? 972 | // An "empty" object has no enumerable own-properties. 973 | _.isEmpty = function(obj) { 974 | if (obj == null) return true; 975 | if (_.isArray(obj) || _.isString(obj)) return obj.length === 0; 976 | for (var key in obj) if (_.has(obj, key)) return false; 977 | return true; 978 | }; 979 | 980 | // Is a given value a DOM element? 981 | _.isElement = function(obj) { 982 | return !!(obj && obj.nodeType === 1); 983 | }; 984 | 985 | // Is a given value an array? 986 | // Delegates to ECMA5's native Array.isArray 987 | _.isArray = nativeIsArray || function(obj) { 988 | return toString.call(obj) == '[object Array]'; 989 | }; 990 | 991 | // Is a given variable an object? 992 | _.isObject = function(obj) { 993 | return obj === Object(obj); 994 | }; 995 | 996 | // Add some isType methods: isArguments, isFunction, isString, isNumber, isDate, isRegExp. 997 | each(['Arguments', 'Function', 'String', 'Number', 'Date', 'RegExp'], function(name) { 998 | _['is' + name] = function(obj) { 999 | return toString.call(obj) == '[object ' + name + ']'; 1000 | }; 1001 | }); 1002 | 1003 | // Define a fallback version of the method in browsers (ahem, IE), where 1004 | // there isn't any inspectable "Arguments" type. 1005 | if (!_.isArguments(arguments)) { 1006 | _.isArguments = function(obj) { 1007 | return !!(obj && _.has(obj, 'callee')); 1008 | }; 1009 | } 1010 | 1011 | // Optimize `isFunction` if appropriate. 1012 | if (typeof (/./) !== 'function') { 1013 | _.isFunction = function(obj) { 1014 | return typeof obj === 'function'; 1015 | }; 1016 | } 1017 | 1018 | // Is a given object a finite number? 1019 | _.isFinite = function(obj) { 1020 | return isFinite(obj) && !isNaN(parseFloat(obj)); 1021 | }; 1022 | 1023 | // Is the given value `NaN`? (NaN is the only number which does not equal itself). 1024 | _.isNaN = function(obj) { 1025 | return _.isNumber(obj) && obj != +obj; 1026 | }; 1027 | 1028 | // Is a given value a boolean? 1029 | _.isBoolean = function(obj) { 1030 | return obj === true || obj === false || toString.call(obj) == '[object Boolean]'; 1031 | }; 1032 | 1033 | // Is a given value equal to null? 1034 | _.isNull = function(obj) { 1035 | return obj === null; 1036 | }; 1037 | 1038 | // Is a given variable undefined? 1039 | _.isUndefined = function(obj) { 1040 | return obj === void 0; 1041 | }; 1042 | 1043 | // Shortcut function for checking if an object has a given property directly 1044 | // on itself (in other words, not on a prototype). 1045 | _.has = function(obj, key) { 1046 | return hasOwnProperty.call(obj, key); 1047 | }; 1048 | 1049 | // Utility Functions 1050 | // ----------------- 1051 | 1052 | // Run Underscore.js in *noConflict* mode, returning the `_` variable to its 1053 | // previous owner. Returns a reference to the Underscore object. 1054 | _.noConflict = function() { 1055 | root._ = previousUnderscore; 1056 | return this; 1057 | }; 1058 | 1059 | // Keep the identity function around for default iterators. 1060 | _.identity = function(value) { 1061 | return value; 1062 | }; 1063 | 1064 | // Run a function **n** times. 1065 | _.times = function(n, iterator, context) { 1066 | var accum = Array(Math.max(0, n)); 1067 | for (var i = 0; i < n; i++) accum[i] = iterator.call(context, i); 1068 | return accum; 1069 | }; 1070 | 1071 | // Return a random integer between min and max (inclusive). 1072 | _.random = function(min, max) { 1073 | if (max == null) { 1074 | max = min; 1075 | min = 0; 1076 | } 1077 | return min + Math.floor(Math.random() * (max - min + 1)); 1078 | }; 1079 | 1080 | // List of HTML entities for escaping. 1081 | var entityMap = { 1082 | escape: { 1083 | '&': '&', 1084 | '<': '<', 1085 | '>': '>', 1086 | '"': '"', 1087 | "'": ''' 1088 | } 1089 | }; 1090 | entityMap.unescape = _.invert(entityMap.escape); 1091 | 1092 | // Regexes containing the keys and values listed immediately above. 1093 | var entityRegexes = { 1094 | escape: new RegExp('[' + _.keys(entityMap.escape).join('') + ']', 'g'), 1095 | unescape: new RegExp('(' + _.keys(entityMap.unescape).join('|') + ')', 'g') 1096 | }; 1097 | 1098 | // Functions for escaping and unescaping strings to/from HTML interpolation. 1099 | _.each(['escape', 'unescape'], function(method) { 1100 | _[method] = function(string) { 1101 | if (string == null) return ''; 1102 | return ('' + string).replace(entityRegexes[method], function(match) { 1103 | return entityMap[method][match]; 1104 | }); 1105 | }; 1106 | }); 1107 | 1108 | // If the value of the named `property` is a function then invoke it with the 1109 | // `object` as context; otherwise, return it. 1110 | _.result = function(object, property) { 1111 | if (object == null) return void 0; 1112 | var value = object[property]; 1113 | return _.isFunction(value) ? value.call(object) : value; 1114 | }; 1115 | 1116 | // Add your own custom functions to the Underscore object. 1117 | _.mixin = function(obj) { 1118 | each(_.functions(obj), function(name) { 1119 | var func = _[name] = obj[name]; 1120 | _.prototype[name] = function() { 1121 | var args = [this._wrapped]; 1122 | push.apply(args, arguments); 1123 | return result.call(this, func.apply(_, args)); 1124 | }; 1125 | }); 1126 | }; 1127 | 1128 | // Generate a unique integer id (unique within the entire client session). 1129 | // Useful for temporary DOM ids. 1130 | var idCounter = 0; 1131 | _.uniqueId = function(prefix) { 1132 | var id = ++idCounter + ''; 1133 | return prefix ? prefix + id : id; 1134 | }; 1135 | 1136 | // By default, Underscore uses ERB-style template delimiters, change the 1137 | // following template settings to use alternative delimiters. 1138 | _.templateSettings = { 1139 | evaluate : /<%([\s\S]+?)%>/g, 1140 | interpolate : /<%=([\s\S]+?)%>/g, 1141 | escape : /<%-([\s\S]+?)%>/g 1142 | }; 1143 | 1144 | // When customizing `templateSettings`, if you don't want to define an 1145 | // interpolation, evaluation or escaping regex, we need one that is 1146 | // guaranteed not to match. 1147 | var noMatch = /(.)^/; 1148 | 1149 | // Certain characters need to be escaped so that they can be put into a 1150 | // string literal. 1151 | var escapes = { 1152 | "'": "'", 1153 | '\\': '\\', 1154 | '\r': 'r', 1155 | '\n': 'n', 1156 | '\t': 't', 1157 | '\u2028': 'u2028', 1158 | '\u2029': 'u2029' 1159 | }; 1160 | 1161 | var escaper = /\\|'|\r|\n|\t|\u2028|\u2029/g; 1162 | 1163 | // JavaScript micro-templating, similar to John Resig's implementation. 1164 | // Underscore templating handles arbitrary delimiters, preserves whitespace, 1165 | // and correctly escapes quotes within interpolated code. 1166 | _.template = function(text, data, settings) { 1167 | var render; 1168 | settings = _.defaults({}, settings, _.templateSettings); 1169 | 1170 | // Combine delimiters into one regular expression via alternation. 1171 | var matcher = new RegExp([ 1172 | (settings.escape || noMatch).source, 1173 | (settings.interpolate || noMatch).source, 1174 | (settings.evaluate || noMatch).source 1175 | ].join('|') + '|$', 'g'); 1176 | 1177 | // Compile the template source, escaping string literals appropriately. 1178 | var index = 0; 1179 | var source = "__p+='"; 1180 | text.replace(matcher, function(match, escape, interpolate, evaluate, offset) { 1181 | source += text.slice(index, offset) 1182 | .replace(escaper, function(match) { return '\\' + escapes[match]; }); 1183 | 1184 | if (escape) { 1185 | source += "'+\n((__t=(" + escape + "))==null?'':_.escape(__t))+\n'"; 1186 | } 1187 | if (interpolate) { 1188 | source += "'+\n((__t=(" + interpolate + "))==null?'':__t)+\n'"; 1189 | } 1190 | if (evaluate) { 1191 | source += "';\n" + evaluate + "\n__p+='"; 1192 | } 1193 | index = offset + match.length; 1194 | return match; 1195 | }); 1196 | source += "';\n"; 1197 | 1198 | // If a variable is not specified, place data values in local scope. 1199 | if (!settings.variable) source = 'with(obj||{}){\n' + source + '}\n'; 1200 | 1201 | source = "var __t,__p='',__j=Array.prototype.join," + 1202 | "print=function(){__p+=__j.call(arguments,'');};\n" + 1203 | source + "return __p;\n"; 1204 | 1205 | try { 1206 | render = new Function(settings.variable || 'obj', '_', source); 1207 | } catch (e) { 1208 | e.source = source; 1209 | throw e; 1210 | } 1211 | 1212 | if (data) return render(data, _); 1213 | var template = function(data) { 1214 | return render.call(this, data, _); 1215 | }; 1216 | 1217 | // Provide the compiled function source as a convenience for precompilation. 1218 | template.source = 'function(' + (settings.variable || 'obj') + '){\n' + source + '}'; 1219 | 1220 | return template; 1221 | }; 1222 | 1223 | // Add a "chain" function, which will delegate to the wrapper. 1224 | _.chain = function(obj) { 1225 | return _(obj).chain(); 1226 | }; 1227 | 1228 | // OOP 1229 | // --------------- 1230 | // If Underscore is called as a function, it returns a wrapped object that 1231 | // can be used OO-style. This wrapper holds altered versions of all the 1232 | // underscore functions. Wrapped objects may be chained. 1233 | 1234 | // Helper function to continue chaining intermediate results. 1235 | var result = function(obj) { 1236 | return this._chain ? _(obj).chain() : obj; 1237 | }; 1238 | 1239 | // Add all of the Underscore functions to the wrapper object. 1240 | _.mixin(_); 1241 | 1242 | // Add all mutator Array functions to the wrapper. 1243 | each(['pop', 'push', 'reverse', 'shift', 'sort', 'splice', 'unshift'], function(name) { 1244 | var method = ArrayProto[name]; 1245 | _.prototype[name] = function() { 1246 | var obj = this._wrapped; 1247 | method.apply(obj, arguments); 1248 | if ((name == 'shift' || name == 'splice') && obj.length === 0) delete obj[0]; 1249 | return result.call(this, obj); 1250 | }; 1251 | }); 1252 | 1253 | // Add all accessor Array functions to the wrapper. 1254 | each(['concat', 'join', 'slice'], function(name) { 1255 | var method = ArrayProto[name]; 1256 | _.prototype[name] = function() { 1257 | return result.call(this, method.apply(this._wrapped, arguments)); 1258 | }; 1259 | }); 1260 | 1261 | _.extend(_.prototype, { 1262 | 1263 | // Start chaining a wrapped Underscore object. 1264 | chain: function() { 1265 | this._chain = true; 1266 | return this; 1267 | }, 1268 | 1269 | // Extracts the result from a wrapped and chained object. 1270 | value: function() { 1271 | return this._wrapped; 1272 | } 1273 | 1274 | }); 1275 | 1276 | }).call(this); 1277 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /demo/common/vendor/backbone.js: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | // Backbone.js 1.0.0 2 | 3 | // (c) 2010-2013 Jeremy Ashkenas, DocumentCloud Inc. 4 | // Backbone may be freely distributed under the MIT license. 5 | // For all details and documentation: 6 | // http://backbonejs.org 7 | 8 | (function(){ 9 | 10 | // Initial Setup 11 | // ------------- 12 | 13 | // Save a reference to the global object (`window` in the browser, `exports` 14 | // on the server). 15 | var root = this; 16 | 17 | // Save the previous value of the `Backbone` variable, so that it can be 18 | // restored later on, if `noConflict` is used. 19 | var previousBackbone = root.Backbone; 20 | 21 | // Create local references to array methods we'll want to use later. 22 | var array = []; 23 | var push = array.push; 24 | var slice = array.slice; 25 | var splice = array.splice; 26 | 27 | // The top-level namespace. All public Backbone classes and modules will 28 | // be attached to this. Exported for both the browser and the server. 29 | var Backbone; 30 | if (typeof exports !== 'undefined') { 31 | Backbone = exports; 32 | } else { 33 | Backbone = root.Backbone = {}; 34 | } 35 | 36 | // Current version of the library. Keep in sync with `package.json`. 37 | Backbone.VERSION = '1.0.0'; 38 | 39 | // Require Underscore, if we're on the server, and it's not already present. 40 | var _ = root._; 41 | if (!_ && (typeof require !== 'undefined')) _ = require('underscore'); 42 | 43 | // For Backbone's purposes, jQuery, Zepto, Ender, or My Library (kidding) owns 44 | // the `$` variable. 45 | Backbone.$ = root.jQuery || root.Zepto || root.ender || root.$; 46 | 47 | // Runs Backbone.js in *noConflict* mode, returning the `Backbone` variable 48 | // to its previous owner. Returns a reference to this Backbone object. 49 | Backbone.noConflict = function() { 50 | root.Backbone = previousBackbone; 51 | return this; 52 | }; 53 | 54 | // Turn on `emulateHTTP` to support legacy HTTP servers. Setting this option 55 | // will fake `"PUT"` and `"DELETE"` requests via the `_method` parameter and 56 | // set a `X-Http-Method-Override` header. 57 | Backbone.emulateHTTP = false; 58 | 59 | // Turn on `emulateJSON` to support legacy servers that can't deal with direct 60 | // `application/json` requests ... will encode the body as 61 | // `application/x-www-form-urlencoded` instead and will send the model in a 62 | // form param named `model`. 63 | Backbone.emulateJSON = false; 64 | 65 | // Backbone.Events 66 | // --------------- 67 | 68 | // A module that can be mixed in to *any object* in order to provide it with 69 | // custom events. You may bind with `on` or remove with `off` callback 70 | // functions to an event; `trigger`-ing an event fires all callbacks in 71 | // succession. 72 | // 73 | // var object = {}; 74 | // _.extend(object, Backbone.Events); 75 | // object.on('expand', function(){ alert('expanded'); }); 76 | // object.trigger('expand'); 77 | // 78 | var Events = Backbone.Events = { 79 | 80 | // Bind an event to a `callback` function. Passing `"all"` will bind 81 | // the callback to all events fired. 82 | on: function(name, callback, context) { 83 | if (!eventsApi(this, 'on', name, [callback, context]) || !callback) return this; 84 | this._events || (this._events = {}); 85 | var events = this._events[name] || (this._events[name] = []); 86 | events.push({callback: callback, context: context, ctx: context || this}); 87 | return this; 88 | }, 89 | 90 | // Bind an event to only be triggered a single time. After the first time 91 | // the callback is invoked, it will be removed. 92 | once: function(name, callback, context) { 93 | if (!eventsApi(this, 'once', name, [callback, context]) || !callback) return this; 94 | var self = this; 95 | var once = _.once(function() { 96 | self.off(name, once); 97 | callback.apply(this, arguments); 98 | }); 99 | once._callback = callback; 100 | return this.on(name, once, context); 101 | }, 102 | 103 | // Remove one or many callbacks. If `context` is null, removes all 104 | // callbacks with that function. If `callback` is null, removes all 105 | // callbacks for the event. If `name` is null, removes all bound 106 | // callbacks for all events. 107 | off: function(name, callback, context) { 108 | var retain, ev, events, names, i, l, j, k; 109 | if (!this._events || !eventsApi(this, 'off', name, [callback, context])) return this; 110 | if (!name && !callback && !context) { 111 | this._events = {}; 112 | return this; 113 | } 114 | 115 | names = name ? [name] : _.keys(this._events); 116 | for (i = 0, l = names.length; i < l; i++) { 117 | name = names[i]; 118 | if (events = this._events[name]) { 119 | this._events[name] = retain = []; 120 | if (callback || context) { 121 | for (j = 0, k = events.length; j < k; j++) { 122 | ev = events[j]; 123 | if ((callback && callback !== ev.callback && callback !== ev.callback._callback) || 124 | (context && context !== ev.context)) { 125 | retain.push(ev); 126 | } 127 | } 128 | } 129 | if (!retain.length) delete this._events[name]; 130 | } 131 | } 132 | 133 | return this; 134 | }, 135 | 136 | // Trigger one or many events, firing all bound callbacks. Callbacks are 137 | // passed the same arguments as `trigger` is, apart from the event name 138 | // (unless you're listening on `"all"`, which will cause your callback to 139 | // receive the true name of the event as the first argument). 140 | trigger: function(name) { 141 | if (!this._events) return this; 142 | var args = slice.call(arguments, 1); 143 | if (!eventsApi(this, 'trigger', name, args)) return this; 144 | var events = this._events[name]; 145 | var allEvents = this._events.all; 146 | if (events) triggerEvents(events, args); 147 | if (allEvents) triggerEvents(allEvents, arguments); 148 | return this; 149 | }, 150 | 151 | // Tell this object to stop listening to either specific events ... or 152 | // to every object it's currently listening to. 153 | stopListening: function(obj, name, callback) { 154 | var listeners = this._listeners; 155 | if (!listeners) return this; 156 | var deleteListener = !name && !callback; 157 | if (typeof name === 'object') callback = this; 158 | if (obj) (listeners = {})[obj._listenerId] = obj; 159 | for (var id in listeners) { 160 | listeners[id].off(name, callback, this); 161 | if (deleteListener) delete this._listeners[id]; 162 | } 163 | return this; 164 | } 165 | 166 | }; 167 | 168 | // Regular expression used to split event strings. 169 | var eventSplitter = /\s+/; 170 | 171 | // Implement fancy features of the Events API such as multiple event 172 | // names `"change blur"` and jQuery-style event maps `{change: action}` 173 | // in terms of the existing API. 174 | var eventsApi = function(obj, action, name, rest) { 175 | if (!name) return true; 176 | 177 | // Handle event maps. 178 | if (typeof name === 'object') { 179 | for (var key in name) { 180 | obj[action].apply(obj, [key, name[key]].concat(rest)); 181 | } 182 | return false; 183 | } 184 | 185 | // Handle space separated event names. 186 | if (eventSplitter.test(name)) { 187 | var names = name.split(eventSplitter); 188 | for (var i = 0, l = names.length; i < l; i++) { 189 | obj[action].apply(obj, [names[i]].concat(rest)); 190 | } 191 | return false; 192 | } 193 | 194 | return true; 195 | }; 196 | 197 | // A difficult-to-believe, but optimized internal dispatch function for 198 | // triggering events. Tries to keep the usual cases speedy (most internal 199 | // Backbone events have 3 arguments). 200 | var triggerEvents = function(events, args) { 201 | var ev, i = -1, l = events.length, a1 = args[0], a2 = args[1], a3 = args[2]; 202 | switch (args.length) { 203 | case 0: while (++i < l) (ev = events[i]).callback.call(ev.ctx); return; 204 | case 1: while (++i < l) (ev = events[i]).callback.call(ev.ctx, a1); return; 205 | case 2: while (++i < l) (ev = events[i]).callback.call(ev.ctx, a1, a2); return; 206 | case 3: while (++i < l) (ev = events[i]).callback.call(ev.ctx, a1, a2, a3); return; 207 | default: while (++i < l) (ev = events[i]).callback.apply(ev.ctx, args); 208 | } 209 | }; 210 | 211 | var listenMethods = {listenTo: 'on', listenToOnce: 'once'}; 212 | 213 | // Inversion-of-control versions of `on` and `once`. Tell *this* object to 214 | // listen to an event in another object ... keeping track of what it's 215 | // listening to. 216 | _.each(listenMethods, function(implementation, method) { 217 | Events[method] = function(obj, name, callback) { 218 | var listeners = this._listeners || (this._listeners = {}); 219 | var id = obj._listenerId || (obj._listenerId = _.uniqueId('l')); 220 | listeners[id] = obj; 221 | if (typeof name === 'object') callback = this; 222 | obj[implementation](name, callback, this); 223 | return this; 224 | }; 225 | }); 226 | 227 | // Aliases for backwards compatibility. 228 | Events.bind = Events.on; 229 | Events.unbind = Events.off; 230 | 231 | // Allow the `Backbone` object to serve as a global event bus, for folks who 232 | // want global "pubsub" in a convenient place. 233 | _.extend(Backbone, Events); 234 | 235 | // Backbone.Model 236 | // -------------- 237 | 238 | // Backbone **Models** are the basic data object in the framework -- 239 | // frequently representing a row in a table in a database on your server. 240 | // A discrete chunk of data and a bunch of useful, related methods for 241 | // performing computations and transformations on that data. 242 | 243 | // Create a new model with the specified attributes. A client id (`cid`) 244 | // is automatically generated and assigned for you. 245 | var Model = Backbone.Model = function(attributes, options) { 246 | var defaults; 247 | var attrs = attributes || {}; 248 | options || (options = {}); 249 | this.cid = _.uniqueId('c'); 250 | this.attributes = {}; 251 | _.extend(this, _.pick(options, modelOptions)); 252 | if (options.parse) attrs = this.parse(attrs, options) || {}; 253 | if (defaults = _.result(this, 'defaults')) { 254 | attrs = _.defaults({}, attrs, defaults); 255 | } 256 | this.set(attrs, options); 257 | this.changed = {}; 258 | this.initialize.apply(this, arguments); 259 | }; 260 | 261 | // A list of options to be attached directly to the model, if provided. 262 | var modelOptions = ['url', 'urlRoot', 'collection']; 263 | 264 | // Attach all inheritable methods to the Model prototype. 265 | _.extend(Model.prototype, Events, { 266 | 267 | // A hash of attributes whose current and previous value differ. 268 | changed: null, 269 | 270 | // The value returned during the last failed validation. 271 | validationError: null, 272 | 273 | // The default name for the JSON `id` attribute is `"id"`. MongoDB and 274 | // CouchDB users may want to set this to `"_id"`. 275 | idAttribute: 'id', 276 | 277 | // Initialize is an empty function by default. Override it with your own 278 | // initialization logic. 279 | initialize: function(){}, 280 | 281 | // Return a copy of the model's `attributes` object. 282 | toJSON: function(options) { 283 | return _.clone(this.attributes); 284 | }, 285 | 286 | // Proxy `Backbone.sync` by default -- but override this if you need 287 | // custom syncing semantics for *this* particular model. 288 | sync: function() { 289 | return Backbone.sync.apply(this, arguments); 290 | }, 291 | 292 | // Get the value of an attribute. 293 | get: function(attr) { 294 | return this.attributes[attr]; 295 | }, 296 | 297 | // Get the HTML-escaped value of an attribute. 298 | escape: function(attr) { 299 | return _.escape(this.get(attr)); 300 | }, 301 | 302 | // Returns `true` if the attribute contains a value that is not null 303 | // or undefined. 304 | has: function(attr) { 305 | return this.get(attr) != null; 306 | }, 307 | 308 | // Set a hash of model attributes on the object, firing `"change"`. This is 309 | // the core primitive operation of a model, updating the data and notifying 310 | // anyone who needs to know about the change in state. The heart of the beast. 311 | set: function(key, val, options) { 312 | var attr, attrs, unset, changes, silent, changing, prev, current; 313 | if (key == null) return this; 314 | 315 | // Handle both `"key", value` and `{key: value}` -style arguments. 316 | if (typeof key === 'object') { 317 | attrs = key; 318 | options = val; 319 | } else { 320 | (attrs = {})[key] = val; 321 | } 322 | 323 | options || (options = {}); 324 | 325 | // Run validation. 326 | if (!this._validate(attrs, options)) return false; 327 | 328 | // Extract attributes and options. 329 | unset = options.unset; 330 | silent = options.silent; 331 | changes = []; 332 | changing = this._changing; 333 | this._changing = true; 334 | 335 | if (!changing) { 336 | this._previousAttributes = _.clone(this.attributes); 337 | this.changed = {}; 338 | } 339 | current = this.attributes, prev = this._previousAttributes; 340 | 341 | // Check for changes of `id`. 342 | if (this.idAttribute in attrs) this.id = attrs[this.idAttribute]; 343 | 344 | // For each `set` attribute, update or delete the current value. 345 | for (attr in attrs) { 346 | val = attrs[attr]; 347 | if (!_.isEqual(current[attr], val)) changes.push(attr); 348 | if (!_.isEqual(prev[attr], val)) { 349 | this.changed[attr] = val; 350 | } else { 351 | delete this.changed[attr]; 352 | } 353 | unset ? delete current[attr] : current[attr] = val; 354 | } 355 | 356 | // Trigger all relevant attribute changes. 357 | if (!silent) { 358 | if (changes.length) this._pending = true; 359 | for (var i = 0, l = changes.length; i < l; i++) { 360 | this.trigger('change:' + changes[i], this, current[changes[i]], options); 361 | } 362 | } 363 | 364 | // You might be wondering why there's a `while` loop here. Changes can 365 | // be recursively nested within `"change"` events. 366 | if (changing) return this; 367 | if (!silent) { 368 | while (this._pending) { 369 | this._pending = false; 370 | this.trigger('change', this, options); 371 | } 372 | } 373 | this._pending = false; 374 | this._changing = false; 375 | return this; 376 | }, 377 | 378 | // Remove an attribute from the model, firing `"change"`. `unset` is a noop 379 | // if the attribute doesn't exist. 380 | unset: function(attr, options) { 381 | return this.set(attr, void 0, _.extend({}, options, {unset: true})); 382 | }, 383 | 384 | // Clear all attributes on the model, firing `"change"`. 385 | clear: function(options) { 386 | var attrs = {}; 387 | for (var key in this.attributes) attrs[key] = void 0; 388 | return this.set(attrs, _.extend({}, options, {unset: true})); 389 | }, 390 | 391 | // Determine if the model has changed since the last `"change"` event. 392 | // If you specify an attribute name, determine if that attribute has changed. 393 | hasChanged: function(attr) { 394 | if (attr == null) return !_.isEmpty(this.changed); 395 | return _.has(this.changed, attr); 396 | }, 397 | 398 | // Return an object containing all the attributes that have changed, or 399 | // false if there are no changed attributes. Useful for determining what 400 | // parts of a view need to be updated and/or what attributes need to be 401 | // persisted to the server. Unset attributes will be set to undefined. 402 | // You can also pass an attributes object to diff against the model, 403 | // determining if there *would be* a change. 404 | changedAttributes: function(diff) { 405 | if (!diff) return this.hasChanged() ? _.clone(this.changed) : false; 406 | var val, changed = false; 407 | var old = this._changing ? this._previousAttributes : this.attributes; 408 | for (var attr in diff) { 409 | if (_.isEqual(old[attr], (val = diff[attr]))) continue; 410 | (changed || (changed = {}))[attr] = val; 411 | } 412 | return changed; 413 | }, 414 | 415 | // Get the previous value of an attribute, recorded at the time the last 416 | // `"change"` event was fired. 417 | previous: function(attr) { 418 | if (attr == null || !this._previousAttributes) return null; 419 | return this._previousAttributes[attr]; 420 | }, 421 | 422 | // Get all of the attributes of the model at the time of the previous 423 | // `"change"` event. 424 | previousAttributes: function() { 425 | return _.clone(this._previousAttributes); 426 | }, 427 | 428 | // Fetch the model from the server. If the server's representation of the 429 | // model differs from its current attributes, they will be overridden, 430 | // triggering a `"change"` event. 431 | fetch: function(options) { 432 | options = options ? _.clone(options) : {}; 433 | if (options.parse === void 0) options.parse = true; 434 | var model = this; 435 | var success = options.success; 436 | options.success = function(resp) { 437 | if (!model.set(model.parse(resp, options), options)) return false; 438 | if (success) success(model, resp, options); 439 | model.trigger('sync', model, resp, options); 440 | }; 441 | wrapError(this, options); 442 | return this.sync('read', this, options); 443 | }, 444 | 445 | // Set a hash of model attributes, and sync the model to the server. 446 | // If the server returns an attributes hash that differs, the model's 447 | // state will be `set` again. 448 | save: function(key, val, options) { 449 | var attrs, method, xhr, attributes = this.attributes; 450 | 451 | // Handle both `"key", value` and `{key: value}` -style arguments. 452 | if (key == null || typeof key === 'object') { 453 | attrs = key; 454 | options = val; 455 | } else { 456 | (attrs = {})[key] = val; 457 | } 458 | 459 | // If we're not waiting and attributes exist, save acts as `set(attr).save(null, opts)`. 460 | if (attrs && (!options || !options.wait) && !this.set(attrs, options)) return false; 461 | 462 | options = _.extend({validate: true}, options); 463 | 464 | // Do not persist invalid models. 465 | if (!this._validate(attrs, options)) return false; 466 | 467 | // Set temporary attributes if `{wait: true}`. 468 | if (attrs && options.wait) { 469 | this.attributes = _.extend({}, attributes, attrs); 470 | } 471 | 472 | // After a successful server-side save, the client is (optionally) 473 | // updated with the server-side state. 474 | if (options.parse === void 0) options.parse = true; 475 | var model = this; 476 | var success = options.success; 477 | options.success = function(resp) { 478 | // Ensure attributes are restored during synchronous saves. 479 | model.attributes = attributes; 480 | var serverAttrs = model.parse(resp, options); 481 | if (options.wait) serverAttrs = _.extend(attrs || {}, serverAttrs); 482 | if (_.isObject(serverAttrs) && !model.set(serverAttrs, options)) { 483 | return false; 484 | } 485 | if (success) success(model, resp, options); 486 | model.trigger('sync', model, resp, options); 487 | }; 488 | wrapError(this, options); 489 | 490 | method = this.isNew() ? 'create' : (options.patch ? 'patch' : 'update'); 491 | if (method === 'patch') options.attrs = attrs; 492 | xhr = this.sync(method, this, options); 493 | 494 | // Restore attributes. 495 | if (attrs && options.wait) this.attributes = attributes; 496 | 497 | return xhr; 498 | }, 499 | 500 | // Destroy this model on the server if it was already persisted. 501 | // Optimistically removes the model from its collection, if it has one. 502 | // If `wait: true` is passed, waits for the server to respond before removal. 503 | destroy: function(options) { 504 | options = options ? _.clone(options) : {}; 505 | var model = this; 506 | var success = options.success; 507 | 508 | var destroy = function() { 509 | model.trigger('destroy', model, model.collection, options); 510 | }; 511 | 512 | options.success = function(resp) { 513 | if (options.wait || model.isNew()) destroy(); 514 | if (success) success(model, resp, options); 515 | if (!model.isNew()) model.trigger('sync', model, resp, options); 516 | }; 517 | 518 | if (this.isNew()) { 519 | options.success(); 520 | return false; 521 | } 522 | wrapError(this, options); 523 | 524 | var xhr = this.sync('delete', this, options); 525 | if (!options.wait) destroy(); 526 | return xhr; 527 | }, 528 | 529 | // Default URL for the model's representation on the server -- if you're 530 | // using Backbone's restful methods, override this to change the endpoint 531 | // that will be called. 532 | url: function() { 533 | var base = _.result(this, 'urlRoot') || _.result(this.collection, 'url') || urlError(); 534 | if (this.isNew()) return base; 535 | return base + (base.charAt(base.length - 1) === '/' ? '' : '/') + encodeURIComponent(this.id); 536 | }, 537 | 538 | // **parse** converts a response into the hash of attributes to be `set` on 539 | // the model. The default implementation is just to pass the response along. 540 | parse: function(resp, options) { 541 | return resp; 542 | }, 543 | 544 | // Create a new model with identical attributes to this one. 545 | clone: function() { 546 | return new this.constructor(this.attributes); 547 | }, 548 | 549 | // A model is new if it has never been saved to the server, and lacks an id. 550 | isNew: function() { 551 | return this.id == null; 552 | }, 553 | 554 | // Check if the model is currently in a valid state. 555 | isValid: function(options) { 556 | return this._validate({}, _.extend(options || {}, { validate: true })); 557 | }, 558 | 559 | // Run validation against the next complete set of model attributes, 560 | // returning `true` if all is well. Otherwise, fire an `"invalid"` event. 561 | _validate: function(attrs, options) { 562 | if (!options.validate || !this.validate) return true; 563 | attrs = _.extend({}, this.attributes, attrs); 564 | var error = this.validationError = this.validate(attrs, options) || null; 565 | if (!error) return true; 566 | this.trigger('invalid', this, error, _.extend(options || {}, {validationError: error})); 567 | return false; 568 | } 569 | 570 | }); 571 | 572 | // Underscore methods that we want to implement on the Model. 573 | var modelMethods = ['keys', 'values', 'pairs', 'invert', 'pick', 'omit']; 574 | 575 | // Mix in each Underscore method as a proxy to `Model#attributes`. 576 | _.each(modelMethods, function(method) { 577 | Model.prototype[method] = function() { 578 | var args = slice.call(arguments); 579 | args.unshift(this.attributes); 580 | return _[method].apply(_, args); 581 | }; 582 | }); 583 | 584 | // Backbone.Collection 585 | // ------------------- 586 | 587 | // If models tend to represent a single row of data, a Backbone Collection is 588 | // more analagous to a table full of data ... or a small slice or page of that 589 | // table, or a collection of rows that belong together for a particular reason 590 | // -- all of the messages in this particular folder, all of the documents 591 | // belonging to this particular author, and so on. Collections maintain 592 | // indexes of their models, both in order, and for lookup by `id`. 593 | 594 | // Create a new **Collection**, perhaps to contain a specific type of `model`. 595 | // If a `comparator` is specified, the Collection will maintain 596 | // its models in sort order, as they're added and removed. 597 | var Collection = Backbone.Collection = function(models, options) { 598 | options || (options = {}); 599 | if (options.url) this.url = options.url; 600 | if (options.model) this.model = options.model; 601 | if (options.comparator !== void 0) this.comparator = options.comparator; 602 | this._reset(); 603 | this.initialize.apply(this, arguments); 604 | if (models) this.reset(models, _.extend({silent: true}, options)); 605 | }; 606 | 607 | // Default options for `Collection#set`. 608 | var setOptions = {add: true, remove: true, merge: true}; 609 | var addOptions = {add: true, merge: false, remove: false}; 610 | 611 | // Define the Collection's inheritable methods. 612 | _.extend(Collection.prototype, Events, { 613 | 614 | // The default model for a collection is just a **Backbone.Model**. 615 | // This should be overridden in most cases. 616 | model: Model, 617 | 618 | // Initialize is an empty function by default. Override it with your own 619 | // initialization logic. 620 | initialize: function(){}, 621 | 622 | // The JSON representation of a Collection is an array of the 623 | // models' attributes. 624 | toJSON: function(options) { 625 | return this.map(function(model){ return model.toJSON(options); }); 626 | }, 627 | 628 | // Proxy `Backbone.sync` by default. 629 | sync: function() { 630 | return Backbone.sync.apply(this, arguments); 631 | }, 632 | 633 | // Add a model, or list of models to the set. 634 | add: function(models, options) { 635 | return this.set(models, _.defaults(options || {}, addOptions)); 636 | }, 637 | 638 | // Remove a model, or a list of models from the set. 639 | remove: function(models, options) { 640 | models = _.isArray(models) ? models.slice() : [models]; 641 | options || (options = {}); 642 | var i, l, index, model; 643 | for (i = 0, l = models.length; i < l; i++) { 644 | model = this.get(models[i]); 645 | if (!model) continue; 646 | delete this._byId[model.id]; 647 | delete this._byId[model.cid]; 648 | index = this.indexOf(model); 649 | this.models.splice(index, 1); 650 | this.length--; 651 | if (!options.silent) { 652 | options.index = index; 653 | model.trigger('remove', model, this, options); 654 | } 655 | this._removeReference(model); 656 | } 657 | return this; 658 | }, 659 | 660 | // Update a collection by `set`-ing a new list of models, adding new ones, 661 | // removing models that are no longer present, and merging models that 662 | // already exist in the collection, as necessary. Similar to **Model#set**, 663 | // the core operation for updating the data contained by the collection. 664 | set: function(models, options) { 665 | options = _.defaults(options || {}, setOptions); 666 | if (options.parse) models = this.parse(models, options); 667 | if (!_.isArray(models)) models = models ? [models] : []; 668 | var i, l, model, attrs, existing, sort; 669 | var at = options.at; 670 | var sortable = this.comparator && (at == null) && options.sort !== false; 671 | var sortAttr = _.isString(this.comparator) ? this.comparator : null; 672 | var toAdd = [], toRemove = [], modelMap = {}; 673 | 674 | // Turn bare objects into model references, and prevent invalid models 675 | // from being added. 676 | for (i = 0, l = models.length; i < l; i++) { 677 | if (!(model = this._prepareModel(models[i], options))) continue; 678 | 679 | // If a duplicate is found, prevent it from being added and 680 | // optionally merge it into the existing model. 681 | if (existing = this.get(model)) { 682 | if (options.remove) modelMap[existing.cid] = true; 683 | if (options.merge) { 684 | existing.set(model.attributes, options); 685 | if (sortable && !sort && existing.hasChanged(sortAttr)) sort = true; 686 | } 687 | 688 | // This is a new model, push it to the `toAdd` list. 689 | } else if (options.add) { 690 | toAdd.push(model); 691 | 692 | // Listen to added models' events, and index models for lookup by 693 | // `id` and by `cid`. 694 | model.on('all', this._onModelEvent, this); 695 | this._byId[model.cid] = model; 696 | if (model.id != null) this._byId[model.id] = model; 697 | } 698 | } 699 | 700 | // Remove nonexistent models if appropriate. 701 | if (options.remove) { 702 | for (i = 0, l = this.length; i < l; ++i) { 703 | if (!modelMap[(model = this.models[i]).cid]) toRemove.push(model); 704 | } 705 | if (toRemove.length) this.remove(toRemove, options); 706 | } 707 | 708 | // See if sorting is needed, update `length` and splice in new models. 709 | if (toAdd.length) { 710 | if (sortable) sort = true; 711 | this.length += toAdd.length; 712 | if (at != null) { 713 | splice.apply(this.models, [at, 0].concat(toAdd)); 714 | } else { 715 | push.apply(this.models, toAdd); 716 | } 717 | } 718 | 719 | // Silently sort the collection if appropriate. 720 | if (sort) this.sort({silent: true}); 721 | 722 | if (options.silent) return this; 723 | 724 | // Trigger `add` events. 725 | for (i = 0, l = toAdd.length; i < l; i++) { 726 | (model = toAdd[i]).trigger('add', model, this, options); 727 | } 728 | 729 | // Trigger `sort` if the collection was sorted. 730 | if (sort) this.trigger('sort', this, options); 731 | return this; 732 | }, 733 | 734 | // When you have more items than you want to add or remove individually, 735 | // you can reset the entire set with a new list of models, without firing 736 | // any granular `add` or `remove` events. Fires `reset` when finished. 737 | // Useful for bulk operations and optimizations. 738 | reset: function(models, options) { 739 | options || (options = {}); 740 | for (var i = 0, l = this.models.length; i < l; i++) { 741 | this._removeReference(this.models[i]); 742 | } 743 | options.previousModels = this.models; 744 | this._reset(); 745 | this.add(models, _.extend({silent: true}, options)); 746 | if (!options.silent) this.trigger('reset', this, options); 747 | return this; 748 | }, 749 | 750 | // Add a model to the end of the collection. 751 | push: function(model, options) { 752 | model = this._prepareModel(model, options); 753 | this.add(model, _.extend({at: this.length}, options)); 754 | return model; 755 | }, 756 | 757 | // Remove a model from the end of the collection. 758 | pop: function(options) { 759 | var model = this.at(this.length - 1); 760 | this.remove(model, options); 761 | return model; 762 | }, 763 | 764 | // Add a model to the beginning of the collection. 765 | unshift: function(model, options) { 766 | model = this._prepareModel(model, options); 767 | this.add(model, _.extend({at: 0}, options)); 768 | return model; 769 | }, 770 | 771 | // Remove a model from the beginning of the collection. 772 | shift: function(options) { 773 | var model = this.at(0); 774 | this.remove(model, options); 775 | return model; 776 | }, 777 | 778 | // Slice out a sub-array of models from the collection. 779 | slice: function(begin, end) { 780 | return this.models.slice(begin, end); 781 | }, 782 | 783 | // Get a model from the set by id. 784 | get: function(obj) { 785 | if (obj == null) return void 0; 786 | return this._byId[obj.id != null ? obj.id : obj.cid || obj]; 787 | }, 788 | 789 | // Get the model at the given index. 790 | at: function(index) { 791 | return this.models[index]; 792 | }, 793 | 794 | // Return models with matching attributes. Useful for simple cases of 795 | // `filter`. 796 | where: function(attrs, first) { 797 | if (_.isEmpty(attrs)) return first ? void 0 : []; 798 | return this[first ? 'find' : 'filter'](function(model) { 799 | for (var key in attrs) { 800 | if (attrs[key] !== model.get(key)) return false; 801 | } 802 | return true; 803 | }); 804 | }, 805 | 806 | // Return the first model with matching attributes. Useful for simple cases 807 | // of `find`. 808 | findWhere: function(attrs) { 809 | return this.where(attrs, true); 810 | }, 811 | 812 | // Force the collection to re-sort itself. You don't need to call this under 813 | // normal circumstances, as the set will maintain sort order as each item 814 | // is added. 815 | sort: function(options) { 816 | if (!this.comparator) throw new Error('Cannot sort a set without a comparator'); 817 | options || (options = {}); 818 | 819 | // Run sort based on type of `comparator`. 820 | if (_.isString(this.comparator) || this.comparator.length === 1) { 821 | this.models = this.sortBy(this.comparator, this); 822 | } else { 823 | this.models.sort(_.bind(this.comparator, this)); 824 | } 825 | 826 | if (!options.silent) this.trigger('sort', this, options); 827 | return this; 828 | }, 829 | 830 | // Figure out the smallest index at which a model should be inserted so as 831 | // to maintain order. 832 | sortedIndex: function(model, value, context) { 833 | value || (value = this.comparator); 834 | var iterator = _.isFunction(value) ? value : function(model) { 835 | return model.get(value); 836 | }; 837 | return _.sortedIndex(this.models, model, iterator, context); 838 | }, 839 | 840 | // Pluck an attribute from each model in the collection. 841 | pluck: function(attr) { 842 | return _.invoke(this.models, 'get', attr); 843 | }, 844 | 845 | // Fetch the default set of models for this collection, resetting the 846 | // collection when they arrive. If `reset: true` is passed, the response 847 | // data will be passed through the `reset` method instead of `set`. 848 | fetch: function(options) { 849 | options = options ? _.clone(options) : {}; 850 | if (options.parse === void 0) options.parse = true; 851 | var success = options.success; 852 | var collection = this; 853 | options.success = function(resp) { 854 | var method = options.reset ? 'reset' : 'set'; 855 | collection[method](resp, options); 856 | if (success) success(collection, resp, options); 857 | collection.trigger('sync', collection, resp, options); 858 | }; 859 | wrapError(this, options); 860 | return this.sync('read', this, options); 861 | }, 862 | 863 | // Create a new instance of a model in this collection. Add the model to the 864 | // collection immediately, unless `wait: true` is passed, in which case we 865 | // wait for the server to agree. 866 | create: function(model, options) { 867 | options = options ? _.clone(options) : {}; 868 | if (!(model = this._prepareModel(model, options))) return false; 869 | if (!options.wait) this.add(model, options); 870 | var collection = this; 871 | var success = options.success; 872 | options.success = function(resp) { 873 | if (options.wait) collection.add(model, options); 874 | if (success) success(model, resp, options); 875 | }; 876 | model.save(null, options); 877 | return model; 878 | }, 879 | 880 | // **parse** converts a response into a list of models to be added to the 881 | // collection. The default implementation is just to pass it through. 882 | parse: function(resp, options) { 883 | return resp; 884 | }, 885 | 886 | // Create a new collection with an identical list of models as this one. 887 | clone: function() { 888 | return new this.constructor(this.models); 889 | }, 890 | 891 | // Private method to reset all internal state. Called when the collection 892 | // is first initialized or reset. 893 | _reset: function() { 894 | this.length = 0; 895 | this.models = []; 896 | this._byId = {}; 897 | }, 898 | 899 | // Prepare a hash of attributes (or other model) to be added to this 900 | // collection. 901 | _prepareModel: function(attrs, options) { 902 | if (attrs instanceof Model) { 903 | if (!attrs.collection) attrs.collection = this; 904 | return attrs; 905 | } 906 | options || (options = {}); 907 | options.collection = this; 908 | var model = new this.model(attrs, options); 909 | if (!model._validate(attrs, options)) { 910 | this.trigger('invalid', this, attrs, options); 911 | return false; 912 | } 913 | return model; 914 | }, 915 | 916 | // Internal method to sever a model's ties to a collection. 917 | _removeReference: function(model) { 918 | if (this === model.collection) delete model.collection; 919 | model.off('all', this._onModelEvent, this); 920 | }, 921 | 922 | // Internal method called every time a model in the set fires an event. 923 | // Sets need to update their indexes when models change ids. All other 924 | // events simply proxy through. "add" and "remove" events that originate 925 | // in other collections are ignored. 926 | _onModelEvent: function(event, model, collection, options) { 927 | if ((event === 'add' || event === 'remove') && collection !== this) return; 928 | if (event === 'destroy') this.remove(model, options); 929 | if (model && event === 'change:' + model.idAttribute) { 930 | delete this._byId[model.previous(model.idAttribute)]; 931 | if (model.id != null) this._byId[model.id] = model; 932 | } 933 | this.trigger.apply(this, arguments); 934 | } 935 | 936 | }); 937 | 938 | // Underscore methods that we want to implement on the Collection. 939 | // 90% of the core usefulness of Backbone Collections is actually implemented 940 | // right here: 941 | var methods = ['forEach', 'each', 'map', 'collect', 'reduce', 'foldl', 942 | 'inject', 'reduceRight', 'foldr', 'find', 'detect', 'filter', 'select', 943 | 'reject', 'every', 'all', 'some', 'any', 'include', 'contains', 'invoke', 944 | 'max', 'min', 'toArray', 'size', 'first', 'head', 'take', 'initial', 'rest', 945 | 'tail', 'drop', 'last', 'without', 'indexOf', 'shuffle', 'lastIndexOf', 946 | 'isEmpty', 'chain']; 947 | 948 | // Mix in each Underscore method as a proxy to `Collection#models`. 949 | _.each(methods, function(method) { 950 | Collection.prototype[method] = function() { 951 | var args = slice.call(arguments); 952 | args.unshift(this.models); 953 | return _[method].apply(_, args); 954 | }; 955 | }); 956 | 957 | // Underscore methods that take a property name as an argument. 958 | var attributeMethods = ['groupBy', 'countBy', 'sortBy']; 959 | 960 | // Use attributes instead of properties. 961 | _.each(attributeMethods, function(method) { 962 | Collection.prototype[method] = function(value, context) { 963 | var iterator = _.isFunction(value) ? value : function(model) { 964 | return model.get(value); 965 | }; 966 | return _[method](this.models, iterator, context); 967 | }; 968 | }); 969 | 970 | // Backbone.View 971 | // ------------- 972 | 973 | // Backbone Views are almost more convention than they are actual code. A View 974 | // is simply a JavaScript object that represents a logical chunk of UI in the 975 | // DOM. This might be a single item, an entire list, a sidebar or panel, or 976 | // even the surrounding frame which wraps your whole app. Defining a chunk of 977 | // UI as a **View** allows you to define your DOM events declaratively, without 978 | // having to worry about render order ... and makes it easy for the view to 979 | // react to specific changes in the state of your models. 980 | 981 | // Creating a Backbone.View creates its initial element outside of the DOM, 982 | // if an existing element is not provided... 983 | var View = Backbone.View = function(options) { 984 | this.cid = _.uniqueId('view'); 985 | this._configure(options || {}); 986 | this._ensureElement(); 987 | this.initialize.apply(this, arguments); 988 | this.delegateEvents(); 989 | }; 990 | 991 | // Cached regex to split keys for `delegate`. 992 | var delegateEventSplitter = /^(\S+)\s*(.*)$/; 993 | 994 | // List of view options to be merged as properties. 995 | var viewOptions = ['model', 'collection', 'el', 'id', 'attributes', 'className', 'tagName', 'events']; 996 | 997 | // Set up all inheritable **Backbone.View** properties and methods. 998 | _.extend(View.prototype, Events, { 999 | 1000 | // The default `tagName` of a View's element is `"div"`. 1001 | tagName: 'div', 1002 | 1003 | // jQuery delegate for element lookup, scoped to DOM elements within the 1004 | // current view. This should be prefered to global lookups where possible. 1005 | $: function(selector) { 1006 | return this.$el.find(selector); 1007 | }, 1008 | 1009 | // Initialize is an empty function by default. Override it with your own 1010 | // initialization logic. 1011 | initialize: function(){}, 1012 | 1013 | // **render** is the core function that your view should override, in order 1014 | // to populate its element (`this.el`), with the appropriate HTML. The 1015 | // convention is for **render** to always return `this`. 1016 | render: function() { 1017 | return this; 1018 | }, 1019 | 1020 | // Remove this view by taking the element out of the DOM, and removing any 1021 | // applicable Backbone.Events listeners. 1022 | remove: function() { 1023 | this.$el.remove(); 1024 | this.stopListening(); 1025 | return this; 1026 | }, 1027 | 1028 | // Change the view's element (`this.el` property), including event 1029 | // re-delegation. 1030 | setElement: function(element, delegate) { 1031 | if (this.$el) this.undelegateEvents(); 1032 | this.$el = element instanceof Backbone.$ ? element : Backbone.$(element); 1033 | this.el = this.$el[0]; 1034 | if (delegate !== false) this.delegateEvents(); 1035 | return this; 1036 | }, 1037 | 1038 | // Set callbacks, where `this.events` is a hash of 1039 | // 1040 | // *{"event selector": "callback"}* 1041 | // 1042 | // { 1043 | // 'mousedown .title': 'edit', 1044 | // 'click .button': 'save' 1045 | // 'click .open': function(e) { ... } 1046 | // } 1047 | // 1048 | // pairs. Callbacks will be bound to the view, with `this` set properly. 1049 | // Uses event delegation for efficiency. 1050 | // Omitting the selector binds the event to `this.el`. 1051 | // This only works for delegate-able events: not `focus`, `blur`, and 1052 | // not `change`, `submit`, and `reset` in Internet Explorer. 1053 | delegateEvents: function(events) { 1054 | if (!(events || (events = _.result(this, 'events')))) return this; 1055 | this.undelegateEvents(); 1056 | for (var key in events) { 1057 | var method = events[key]; 1058 | if (!_.isFunction(method)) method = this[events[key]]; 1059 | if (!method) continue; 1060 | 1061 | var match = key.match(delegateEventSplitter); 1062 | var eventName = match[1], selector = match[2]; 1063 | method = _.bind(method, this); 1064 | eventName += '.delegateEvents' + this.cid; 1065 | if (selector === '') { 1066 | this.$el.on(eventName, method); 1067 | } else { 1068 | this.$el.on(eventName, selector, method); 1069 | } 1070 | } 1071 | return this; 1072 | }, 1073 | 1074 | // Clears all callbacks previously bound to the view with `delegateEvents`. 1075 | // You usually don't need to use this, but may wish to if you have multiple 1076 | // Backbone views attached to the same DOM element. 1077 | undelegateEvents: function() { 1078 | this.$el.off('.delegateEvents' + this.cid); 1079 | return this; 1080 | }, 1081 | 1082 | // Performs the initial configuration of a View with a set of options. 1083 | // Keys with special meaning *(e.g. model, collection, id, className)* are 1084 | // attached directly to the view. See `viewOptions` for an exhaustive 1085 | // list. 1086 | _configure: function(options) { 1087 | if (this.options) options = _.extend({}, _.result(this, 'options'), options); 1088 | _.extend(this, _.pick(options, viewOptions)); 1089 | this.options = options; 1090 | }, 1091 | 1092 | // Ensure that the View has a DOM element to render into. 1093 | // If `this.el` is a string, pass it through `$()`, take the first 1094 | // matching element, and re-assign it to `el`. Otherwise, create 1095 | // an element from the `id`, `className` and `tagName` properties. 1096 | _ensureElement: function() { 1097 | if (!this.el) { 1098 | var attrs = _.extend({}, _.result(this, 'attributes')); 1099 | if (this.id) attrs.id = _.result(this, 'id'); 1100 | if (this.className) attrs['class'] = _.result(this, 'className'); 1101 | var $el = Backbone.$('<' + _.result(this, 'tagName') + '>').attr(attrs); 1102 | this.setElement($el, false); 1103 | } else { 1104 | this.setElement(_.result(this, 'el'), false); 1105 | } 1106 | } 1107 | 1108 | }); 1109 | 1110 | // Backbone.sync 1111 | // ------------- 1112 | 1113 | // Override this function to change the manner in which Backbone persists 1114 | // models to the server. You will be passed the type of request, and the 1115 | // model in question. By default, makes a RESTful Ajax request 1116 | // to the model's `url()`. Some possible customizations could be: 1117 | // 1118 | // * Use `setTimeout` to batch rapid-fire updates into a single request. 1119 | // * Send up the models as XML instead of JSON. 1120 | // * Persist models via WebSockets instead of Ajax. 1121 | // 1122 | // Turn on `Backbone.emulateHTTP` in order to send `PUT` and `DELETE` requests 1123 | // as `POST`, with a `_method` parameter containing the true HTTP method, 1124 | // as well as all requests with the body as `application/x-www-form-urlencoded` 1125 | // instead of `application/json` with the model in a param named `model`. 1126 | // Useful when interfacing with server-side languages like **PHP** that make 1127 | // it difficult to read the body of `PUT` requests. 1128 | Backbone.sync = function(method, model, options) { 1129 | var type = methodMap[method]; 1130 | 1131 | // Default options, unless specified. 1132 | _.defaults(options || (options = {}), { 1133 | emulateHTTP: Backbone.emulateHTTP, 1134 | emulateJSON: Backbone.emulateJSON 1135 | }); 1136 | 1137 | // Default JSON-request options. 1138 | var params = {type: type, dataType: 'json'}; 1139 | 1140 | // Ensure that we have a URL. 1141 | if (!options.url) { 1142 | params.url = _.result(model, 'url') || urlError(); 1143 | } 1144 | 1145 | // Ensure that we have the appropriate request data. 1146 | if (options.data == null && model && (method === 'create' || method === 'update' || method === 'patch')) { 1147 | params.contentType = 'application/json'; 1148 | params.data = JSON.stringify(options.attrs || model.toJSON(options)); 1149 | } 1150 | 1151 | // For older servers, emulate JSON by encoding the request into an HTML-form. 1152 | if (options.emulateJSON) { 1153 | params.contentType = 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'; 1154 | params.data = params.data ? {model: params.data} : {}; 1155 | } 1156 | 1157 | // For older servers, emulate HTTP by mimicking the HTTP method with `_method` 1158 | // And an `X-HTTP-Method-Override` header. 1159 | if (options.emulateHTTP && (type === 'PUT' || type === 'DELETE' || type === 'PATCH')) { 1160 | params.type = 'POST'; 1161 | if (options.emulateJSON) params.data._method = type; 1162 | var beforeSend = options.beforeSend; 1163 | options.beforeSend = function(xhr) { 1164 | xhr.setRequestHeader('X-HTTP-Method-Override', type); 1165 | if (beforeSend) return beforeSend.apply(this, arguments); 1166 | }; 1167 | } 1168 | 1169 | // Don't process data on a non-GET request. 1170 | if (params.type !== 'GET' && !options.emulateJSON) { 1171 | params.processData = false; 1172 | } 1173 | 1174 | // If we're sending a `PATCH` request, and we're in an old Internet Explorer 1175 | // that still has ActiveX enabled by default, override jQuery to use that 1176 | // for XHR instead. Remove this line when jQuery supports `PATCH` on IE8. 1177 | if (params.type === 'PATCH' && window.ActiveXObject && 1178 | !(window.external && window.external.msActiveXFilteringEnabled)) { 1179 | params.xhr = function() { 1180 | return new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP"); 1181 | }; 1182 | } 1183 | 1184 | // Make the request, allowing the user to override any Ajax options. 1185 | var xhr = options.xhr = Backbone.ajax(_.extend(params, options)); 1186 | model.trigger('request', model, xhr, options); 1187 | return xhr; 1188 | }; 1189 | 1190 | // Map from CRUD to HTTP for our default `Backbone.sync` implementation. 1191 | var methodMap = { 1192 | 'create': 'POST', 1193 | 'update': 'PUT', 1194 | 'patch': 'PATCH', 1195 | 'delete': 'DELETE', 1196 | 'read': 'GET' 1197 | }; 1198 | 1199 | // Set the default implementation of `Backbone.ajax` to proxy through to `$`. 1200 | // Override this if you'd like to use a different library. 1201 | Backbone.ajax = function() { 1202 | return Backbone.$.ajax.apply(Backbone.$, arguments); 1203 | }; 1204 | 1205 | // Backbone.Router 1206 | // --------------- 1207 | 1208 | // Routers map faux-URLs to actions, and fire events when routes are 1209 | // matched. Creating a new one sets its `routes` hash, if not set statically. 1210 | var Router = Backbone.Router = function(options) { 1211 | options || (options = {}); 1212 | if (options.routes) this.routes = options.routes; 1213 | this._bindRoutes(); 1214 | this.initialize.apply(this, arguments); 1215 | }; 1216 | 1217 | // Cached regular expressions for matching named param parts and splatted 1218 | // parts of route strings. 1219 | var optionalParam = /\((.*?)\)/g; 1220 | var namedParam = /(\(\?)?:\w+/g; 1221 | var splatParam = /\*\w+/g; 1222 | var escapeRegExp = /[\-{}\[\]+?.,\\\^$|#\s]/g; 1223 | 1224 | // Set up all inheritable **Backbone.Router** properties and methods. 1225 | _.extend(Router.prototype, Events, { 1226 | 1227 | // Initialize is an empty function by default. Override it with your own 1228 | // initialization logic. 1229 | initialize: function(){}, 1230 | 1231 | // Manually bind a single named route to a callback. For example: 1232 | // 1233 | // this.route('search/:query/p:num', 'search', function(query, num) { 1234 | // ... 1235 | // }); 1236 | // 1237 | route: function(route, name, callback) { 1238 | if (!_.isRegExp(route)) route = this._routeToRegExp(route); 1239 | if (_.isFunction(name)) { 1240 | callback = name; 1241 | name = ''; 1242 | } 1243 | if (!callback) callback = this[name]; 1244 | var router = this; 1245 | Backbone.history.route(route, function(fragment) { 1246 | var args = router._extractParameters(route, fragment); 1247 | callback && callback.apply(router, args); 1248 | router.trigger.apply(router, ['route:' + name].concat(args)); 1249 | router.trigger('route', name, args); 1250 | Backbone.history.trigger('route', router, name, args); 1251 | }); 1252 | return this; 1253 | }, 1254 | 1255 | // Simple proxy to `Backbone.history` to save a fragment into the history. 1256 | navigate: function(fragment, options) { 1257 | Backbone.history.navigate(fragment, options); 1258 | return this; 1259 | }, 1260 | 1261 | // Bind all defined routes to `Backbone.history`. We have to reverse the 1262 | // order of the routes here to support behavior where the most general 1263 | // routes can be defined at the bottom of the route map. 1264 | _bindRoutes: function() { 1265 | if (!this.routes) return; 1266 | this.routes = _.result(this, 'routes'); 1267 | var route, routes = _.keys(this.routes); 1268 | while ((route = routes.pop()) != null) { 1269 | this.route(route, this.routes[route]); 1270 | } 1271 | }, 1272 | 1273 | // Convert a route string into a regular expression, suitable for matching 1274 | // against the current location hash. 1275 | _routeToRegExp: function(route) { 1276 | route = route.replace(escapeRegExp, '\\$&') 1277 | .replace(optionalParam, '(?:$1)?') 1278 | .replace(namedParam, function(match, optional){ 1279 | return optional ? match : '([^\/]+)'; 1280 | }) 1281 | .replace(splatParam, '(.*?)'); 1282 | return new RegExp('^' + route + '$'); 1283 | }, 1284 | 1285 | // Given a route, and a URL fragment that it matches, return the array of 1286 | // extracted decoded parameters. Empty or unmatched parameters will be 1287 | // treated as `null` to normalize cross-browser behavior. 1288 | _extractParameters: function(route, fragment) { 1289 | var params = route.exec(fragment).slice(1); 1290 | return _.map(params, function(param) { 1291 | return param ? decodeURIComponent(param) : null; 1292 | }); 1293 | } 1294 | 1295 | }); 1296 | 1297 | // Backbone.History 1298 | // ---------------- 1299 | 1300 | // Handles cross-browser history management, based on either 1301 | // [pushState](http://diveintohtml5.info/history.html) and real URLs, or 1302 | // [onhashchange](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/DOM/window.onhashchange) 1303 | // and URL fragments. If the browser supports neither (old IE, natch), 1304 | // falls back to polling. 1305 | var History = Backbone.History = function() { 1306 | this.handlers = []; 1307 | _.bindAll(this, 'checkUrl'); 1308 | 1309 | // Ensure that `History` can be used outside of the browser. 1310 | if (typeof window !== 'undefined') { 1311 | this.location = window.location; 1312 | this.history = window.history; 1313 | } 1314 | }; 1315 | 1316 | // Cached regex for stripping a leading hash/slash and trailing space. 1317 | var routeStripper = /^[#\/]|\s+$/g; 1318 | 1319 | // Cached regex for stripping leading and trailing slashes. 1320 | var rootStripper = /^\/+|\/+$/g; 1321 | 1322 | // Cached regex for detecting MSIE. 1323 | var isExplorer = /msie [\w.]+/; 1324 | 1325 | // Cached regex for removing a trailing slash. 1326 | var trailingSlash = /\/$/; 1327 | 1328 | // Has the history handling already been started? 1329 | History.started = false; 1330 | 1331 | // Set up all inheritable **Backbone.History** properties and methods. 1332 | _.extend(History.prototype, Events, { 1333 | 1334 | // The default interval to poll for hash changes, if necessary, is 1335 | // twenty times a second. 1336 | interval: 50, 1337 | 1338 | // Gets the true hash value. Cannot use location.hash directly due to bug 1339 | // in Firefox where location.hash will always be decoded. 1340 | getHash: function(window) { 1341 | var match = (window || this).location.href.match(/#(.*)$/); 1342 | return match ? match[1] : ''; 1343 | }, 1344 | 1345 | // Get the cross-browser normalized URL fragment, either from the URL, 1346 | // the hash, or the override. 1347 | getFragment: function(fragment, forcePushState) { 1348 | if (fragment == null) { 1349 | if (this._hasPushState || !this._wantsHashChange || forcePushState) { 1350 | fragment = this.location.pathname; 1351 | var root = this.root.replace(trailingSlash, ''); 1352 | if (!fragment.indexOf(root)) fragment = fragment.substr(root.length); 1353 | } else { 1354 | fragment = this.getHash(); 1355 | } 1356 | } 1357 | return fragment.replace(routeStripper, ''); 1358 | }, 1359 | 1360 | // Start the hash change handling, returning `true` if the current URL matches 1361 | // an existing route, and `false` otherwise. 1362 | start: function(options) { 1363 | if (History.started) throw new Error("Backbone.history has already been started"); 1364 | History.started = true; 1365 | 1366 | // Figure out the initial configuration. Do we need an iframe? 1367 | // Is pushState desired ... is it available? 1368 | this.options = _.extend({}, {root: '/'}, this.options, options); 1369 | this.root = this.options.root; 1370 | this._wantsHashChange = this.options.hashChange !== false; 1371 | this._wantsPushState = !!this.options.pushState; 1372 | this._hasPushState = !!(this.options.pushState && this.history && this.history.pushState); 1373 | var fragment = this.getFragment(); 1374 | var docMode = document.documentMode; 1375 | var oldIE = (isExplorer.exec(navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase()) && (!docMode || docMode <= 7)); 1376 | 1377 | // Normalize root to always include a leading and trailing slash. 1378 | this.root = ('/' + this.root + '/').replace(rootStripper, '/'); 1379 | 1380 | if (oldIE && this._wantsHashChange) { 1381 | this.iframe = Backbone.$('