├── LICENSE ├── README.md ├── echo-parameters-via-registers ├── Makefile └── echo-parameters-via-registers.asm ├── echo-procedural ├── Makefile └── echo-procedural.asm ├── echo ├── Makefile └── echo.asm └── hello ├── Makefile └── hello.asm /LICENSE: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | Apache License 2 | Version 2.0, January 2004 3 | http://www.apache.org/licenses/ 4 | 5 | TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR USE, REPRODUCTION, AND DISTRIBUTION 6 | 7 | 1. Definitions. 8 | 9 | "License" shall mean the terms and conditions for use, reproduction, 10 | and distribution as defined by Sections 1 through 9 of this document. 11 | 12 | "Licensor" shall mean the copyright owner or entity authorized by 13 | the copyright owner that is granting the License. 14 | 15 | "Legal Entity" shall mean the union of the acting entity and all 16 | other entities that control, are controlled by, or are under common 17 | control with that entity. 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We also recommend that a 185 | file or class name and description of purpose be included on the 186 | same "printed page" as the copyright notice for easier 187 | identification within third-party archives. 188 | 189 | Copyright {yyyy} {name of copyright owner} 190 | 191 | Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); 192 | you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. 193 | You may obtain a copy of the License at 194 | 195 | http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 196 | 197 | Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software 198 | distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, 199 | WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. 200 | See the License for the specific language governing permissions and 201 | limitations under the License. 202 | 203 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | NASM 2 | ==== 3 | NASM by example for Mac OS x64 4 | 5 | 1. [Hello world](hello/) 6 | 2. [Echo](echo/) 7 | 3. [Procedural echo](echo-procedural/) 8 | 4. [Passing parameters to procedures via registers](echo-parameters-via-registers/) 9 | 10 | Following the list in this order is not a MUST, however first examples should be much easier to start with. 11 | 12 | Install NASM 13 | ------------ 14 | `$ brew install nasm` 15 | 16 | Build an run 17 | ------------ 18 | `$ make` 19 | 20 | builds the first target (all) that appears in makefile. 21 | 22 | To run the executable: 23 | 24 | `$ ./hello` 25 | 26 | Also there is a make rule for cleaning folder from executables and .o files: 27 | 28 | `$ make clean` 29 | 30 | License 31 | ------- 32 | 33 | ``` 34 | Copyright 2016 Ivan Baranov 35 | 36 | Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); 37 | you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. 38 | You may obtain a copy of the License at 39 | 40 | http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 41 | 42 | Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software 43 | distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, 44 | WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. 45 | See the License for the specific language governing permissions and 46 | limitations under the License. 47 | ``` 48 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /echo-parameters-via-registers/Makefile: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | all: 2 | nasm -f macho64 echo-parameters-via-registers.asm 3 | ld -macosx_version_min 10.10 -lSystem -o echo-parameters-via-registers echo-parameters-via-registers.o 4 | clear: 5 | rm echo-parameters-via-registers echo-parameters-via-registers.o 6 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /echo-parameters-via-registers/echo-parameters-via-registers.asm: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | ; Echo program that waits for user to enter a character and than echoing it. 2 | ; NASM assembly for Mac OS X x64. 3 | ; Differes from 'echo-procedural' program by passing parameters to procedures 4 | ; using registers. 5 | 6 | section .data 7 | msg_enter: db "Please, enter a char: " 8 | .len: equ $ - msg_enter 9 | msg_entered: db "You have entered: " 10 | .len: equ $ - msg_entered 11 | 12 | section .bss 13 | char: resb 1 ; reserve one byte for one char 14 | 15 | section .text 16 | global _main 17 | _main: 18 | mov rbx, msg_enter 19 | mov rcx, msg_enter.len 20 | call show_string 21 | call read_char 22 | mov rbx, msg_entered 23 | mov rcx, msg_entered.len 24 | call show_string 25 | mov rbx, char 26 | mov rcx, 2 27 | call show_string 28 | call exit 29 | 30 | show_string: 31 | mov rax, 0x2000004 ; put the write-system-call-code into register rax 32 | mov rdi, 1 ; tell kernel to use stdout 33 | mov rsi, rbx ; rsi is where the kernel expects to find the address of the message 34 | mov rdx, rcx ; and rdx is where the kernel expects to find the length of the message 35 | syscall 36 | ret 37 | 38 | read_char: 39 | mov rax, 0x2000003 ; put the read-system-call-code into register rax 40 | mov rdi, 0 ; tell kernel to use stdin 41 | mov rsi, char ; address of storage, declared in section .bss 42 | mov rdx, 2 ; get 2 bytes from the kernel's buffer (one for the carriage return) 43 | syscall 44 | ret 45 | 46 | exit: 47 | mov rax, 0x2000001 ; exit system call 48 | xor rdi, rdi ; equivalent to "mov rdi, 0", however xor is preferred pattern on modern 49 | ; CPUs 50 | syscall 51 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /echo-procedural/Makefile: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | all: 2 | nasm -f macho64 echo-procedural.asm 3 | ld -macosx_version_min 10.10 -lSystem -o echo-procedural echo-procedural.o 4 | clear: 5 | rm echo-procedural echo-procedural.o 6 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /echo-procedural/echo-procedural.asm: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | ; Echo program that waits for user to enter a character and than echoing it. 2 | ; NASM assembly for Mac OS X x64. 3 | ; Differes from 'echo' program by using procedures. 4 | 5 | section .data 6 | msg_enter: db "Please, enter a char: " 7 | .len: equ $ - msg_enter 8 | msg_entered: db "You have entered: " 9 | .len: equ $ - msg_entered 10 | 11 | section .bss 12 | char: resb 1 ; reserve one byte for one char 13 | 14 | section .text 15 | global _main 16 | _main: 17 | call show_msg_enter 18 | call read_char 19 | call show_msg_entered 20 | call show_char 21 | call exit 22 | 23 | show_msg_enter: 24 | mov rax, 0x2000004 ; put the write-system-call-code into register rax 25 | mov rdi, 1 ; tell kernel to use stdout 26 | mov rsi, msg_enter ; rsi is where the kernel expects to find the address of the message 27 | mov rdx, msg_enter.len ; and rdx is where the kernel expects to find the length of the message 28 | syscall 29 | ret 30 | 31 | read_char: 32 | mov rax, 0x2000003 ; put the read-system-call-code into register rax 33 | mov rdi, 0 ; tell kernel to use stdin 34 | mov rsi, char ; address of storage, declared in section .bss 35 | mov rdx, 2 ; get 2 bytes from the kernel's buffer (one for the carriage return) 36 | syscall 37 | ret 38 | 39 | show_msg_entered: 40 | mov rax, 0x2000004 ; put the write-system-call-code into register rax 41 | mov rdi, 1 ; tell kernel to use stdout 42 | mov rsi, msg_entered ; rsi is where the kernel expects to find the address of the message 43 | mov rdx, msg_entered.len ; and rdx is where the kernel expects to find the length of the message 44 | syscall 45 | ret 46 | 47 | show_char: 48 | mov rax, 0x2000004 ; put the write-system-call-code into register rax 49 | mov rdi, 1 ; tell kernel to use stdout 50 | mov rsi, char ; address of storage of char 51 | mov rdx, 2 ; the second byte is to apply the carriage return expected in the string 52 | syscall 53 | ret 54 | 55 | exit: 56 | mov rax, 0x2000001 ; exit system call 57 | xor rdi, rdi ; equivalent to "mov rdi, 0", however xor is preferred pattern on modern 58 | ; CPUs 59 | syscall 60 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /echo/Makefile: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | all: 2 | nasm -f macho64 echo.asm 3 | ld -macosx_version_min 10.10 -lSystem -o echo echo.o 4 | clear: 5 | rm echo echo.o 6 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /echo/echo.asm: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | ; Echo program that waits for user to enter a character and than echoing it. 2 | ; NASM assembly for Mac OS X x64. 3 | 4 | section .data 5 | msg_enter: db "Please, enter a char: " 6 | .len: equ $ - msg_enter 7 | msg_entered: db "You have entered: " 8 | .len: equ $ - msg_entered 9 | 10 | section .bss 11 | char: resb 1 ; reserve one byte for one char 12 | 13 | section .text 14 | global _main 15 | _main: 16 | ; show message 17 | mov rax, 0x2000004 ; put the write-system-call-code into register rax 18 | mov rdi, 1 ; tell kernel to use stdout 19 | mov rsi, msg_enter ; rsi is where the kernel expects to find the address of the message 20 | mov rdx, msg_enter.len ; and rdx is where the kernel expects to find the length of the message 21 | syscall 22 | 23 | ; read char 24 | mov rax, 0x2000003 ; put the read-system-call-code into register rax 25 | mov rdi, 0 ; tell kernel to use stdin 26 | mov rsi, char ; address of storage, declared in section .bss 27 | mov rdx, 2 ; get 2 bytes from the kernel's buffer (one for the carriage return) 28 | syscall 29 | 30 | ; show message 31 | mov rax, 0x2000004 ; put the write-system-call-code into register rax 32 | mov rdi, 1 ; tell kernel to use stdout 33 | mov rsi, msg_entered ; rsi is where the kernel expects to find the address of the message 34 | mov rdx, msg_entered.len ; and rdx is where the kernel expects to find the length of the message 35 | syscall 36 | 37 | ; show char 38 | mov rax, 0x2000004 ; put the write-system-call-code into register rax 39 | mov rdi, 1 ; tell kernel to use stdout 40 | mov rsi, char ; address of storage of char 41 | mov rdx, 2 ; the second byte is to apply the carriage return expected in the string 42 | syscall 43 | 44 | ; exit system call 45 | mov rax, 0x2000001 ; exit system call 46 | xor rdi, rdi ; equivalent to "mov rdi, 0", however xor is preferred pattern on modern 47 | ; CPUs 48 | syscall 49 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /hello/Makefile: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | all: 2 | nasm -f macho64 hello.asm 3 | ld -macosx_version_min 10.10 -lSystem -o hello hello.o 4 | clear: 5 | rm hello hello.o 6 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /hello/hello.asm: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | ; Hello world in NASM assembly for Mac OS X x64 2 | 3 | section .data 4 | msg: db "hello", 0xA ; text to print ("hello\n") 5 | .len: equ $ - msg ; text length 6 | 7 | section .text 8 | global _main 9 | _main: 10 | mov rax, 0x2000004 ; put the write-system-call-code into register rax 11 | mov rdi, 1 ; tell kernel to use stdout 12 | mov rsi, msg ; put address of the text into register rsi 13 | mov rdx, msg.len ; put the length of the text into register rdx 14 | syscall 15 | mov rax, 0x2000001 ; exit system call 16 | mov rdi, 0 ; out error code 0 to exit successfully 17 | syscall 18 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------