└── README.md /README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # L4-library 2 | 3 | Welcome to the [L4](l4v.io) Library, a collection of online and offline material that reflects the interests and learning resources of L4. 4 | 5 | The first several sections are organized by topic. The links in each section are what we consider essential reading. The last section of the library is a list of physical materials available in the L4 offices in Toronto, which cover many diverse topics. This physical library grows as we grow: every new person to join the L4 community chooses a book to add. 6 | 7 | This list is updated frequently. 8 | 9 | ## Ethereum 10 | 11 | * [Ethereum Whitepaper](https://github.com/ethereum/wiki/wiki/White-Paper) 12 | * [Ethereum Yellowpaper](http://gavwood.com/paper.pdf) 13 | * [Ethereum github wiki](https://github.com/ethereum/wiki/wiki) 14 | * [How does Ethereum work anyway?](https://medium.com/@preethikasireddy/how-does-ethereum-work-anyway-22d1df506369) by Preethi Kasireddy (2017) 15 | * A very helpful, long, detailed explanation of how Ethereum works. 16 | * [A prehistory of the Ethereum protocol](http://vitalik.ca/general/2017/09/14/prehistory.html) by Vitalik Buterin (2017) 17 | 18 | ## Ethereum scaling, performance, and other research 19 | 20 | Layer 1 21 | 22 | * **Proof of Stake** - Proof of Stake (Pos) is a type of consensus protocol, which ethereum plans to move towards in the near future. Ethereum's PoS protocol under development is called Casper, and there are two designs currently being researched - one by Vitalik Buterin (Casper FFG) and Vlad Zamfir (Casper CBC) 23 | * [Proof of Stake Design Philosophy](https://medium.com/@VitalikButerin/a-proof-of-stake-design-philosophy-506585978d51) by Vitalik Buterin. 24 | * [Casper the Friendly Ghost: A Correct by Construction Blockchain Consensus Protocol](https://github.com/ethereum/research/blob/master/papers/CasperTFG/CasperTFG.pdf) by Vlad Zamfir (Nov 2017) 25 | * [Casper the Friendly Finality Gadget: Basic Structure](https://github.com/ethereum/research/blob/master/papers/other_casper/casper_basic_structure.pdf) by Vitalik Buterin (Aug 2017) 26 | * [Casper 101](https://medium.com/@jonchoi/ethereum-casper-101-7a851a4f1eb0) - A helpful in-depth explanation of what Casper is, and how it works. 27 | 28 | * **Sharding** - 29 | 30 | Layer 2 31 | 32 | * **State Channels** 33 | * [State Channels](http://www.jeffcoleman.ca/state-channels/) by Jeff Coleman (2015) 34 | * [Generalised State Channels on Ethereum](https://medium.com/l4-media/generalized-state-channels-on-ethereum-de0357f5fb44) by Liam Horne and Jeff Coleman (2017) 35 | * **Plasma** 36 | * [Plasma: Scalable Autonomous Smart Contracts](https://plasma.io/plasma.pdf) by Joseph Poon & Vitalik Buterin (Aug 2017) 37 | * [Plasma in 10 minutes](https://medium.com/chain-cloud-company-blog/plasma-in-10-minutes-c856da94e339) by Anthony Akentiev 38 | * **Privacy techniques for blockchains** 39 | * [Privacy on the blockchain](https://blog.ethereum.org/2016/01/15/privacy-on-the-blockchain/) by Vitalik Buterin (2016) 40 | * [Survey of Confidentiality and Privacy Preserving Technologies for Blockchains](https://z.cash/static/R3_Confidentiality_and_Privacy_Report.pdf) by Danny Yang, Jack Gavigan, Zooko Wilcox-O’Hearn, and R3 Research (Nov 2016) 41 | * [STARKs, Part I: Proofs with Polynomials](http://vitalik.ca/general/2017/11/09/starks_part_1.html) by Vitalik Buterin (2017) 42 | * [STARKs, Part II: Thank Goodness It's FRI-day](http://vitalik.ca/general/2017/11/22/starks_part_2.html) by Vitalik Buterin 43 | 44 | 45 | ## Tokens and ICOs 46 | 47 | * **Token Sale Design** 48 | * [Analyzing Token Sale Models](http://vitalik.ca/general/2017/06/09/sales.html) by Vitalik Buterin (2017) 49 | * [Interactive Coin Offerings](https://drive.google.com/viewerng/viewer?url=https://people.cs.uchicago.edu/~teutsch/papers/ico.pdf) by Vitalik Buterin & Jason Teutsch 50 | * [Interactive Coin Offerings: A protocol explained](https://medium.com/truebit/interactive-coin-offering-a-protocol-explained-267065ef3819) by Robbie Bent 51 | * **Cryptoeconomic token design** 52 | * [Augur: How does REP work?](http://blog.augur.net/faq/how-does-reputation-rep-work/) 53 | * [Introducing the Gnosis Tokens (GNO and WIZ)](https://blog.gnosis.pm/introducing-the-gnosis-tokens-gno-and-wiz-5295a65c3822) by Matt Liston 54 | * [Cryptocurrency incentives and corporate structures](http://blog.eladgil.com/2017/10/cryptocurrency-incentives-and-corporate.html) by Elad Gil 55 | * **Valuing tokens & other crypto assets** 56 | * [On medium of exchange token valuations](http://vitalik.ca/general/2017/10/17/moe.html) by Vitalik Buterin 57 | * [Cryptoasset valuations](http://metastablecapital.com/cryptoasset-analysis/) by Lucas Ryan 58 | * **Legal Frameworks for Token Sales** 59 | * [The SAFT Project: Toward a compliant token sale framework](https://saftproject.com/static/SAFT-Project-Whitepaper.pdf) by Protocol Labs & Cooley Law 60 | * [Not so fast - Risks related to the use of a "SAFT" for token sales](https://cardozo.yu.edu/sites/default/files/Cardozo%20Blockchain%20Project%20-%20Not%20So%20Fast%20-%20SAFT%20Response_final.pdf) by the Cardozo Blockchain Project 61 | 62 | ## Bitcoin 63 | 64 | * [Bitcoin: a Peer to Peer Electronic Cash System](https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf) by Satoshi Nakamoto 65 | * [Bitcoin and Cryptocurrency Technologies](https://d28rh4a8wq0iu5.cloudfront.net/bitcointech/readings/princeton_bitcoin_book.pdf) by Princeton University 66 | * [Mastering Bitcoin Github Repository](https://github.com/bitcoinbook/bitcoinbook) by Andreas Antonopolous 67 | * [The Bitcoin Lightning Network: Scalable Off-chain Instant Payments](https://lightning.network/lightning-network-paper.pdf) by Joseph Poon & Thaddeus Dryja 68 | 69 | ## Cryptoeconomics & Related Work 70 | 71 | * [What is Cryptoeconomics? [deck]](https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1-2NMcrqWOvrjcDTjiYfLHc5cNNsMpzq6FodDVkfDNZE/edit#slide=id.g6eb8cd7660a986c320) by Vlad Zamfir ([video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9lw3s7iGUXQ) 72 | * [Making Sense of Cryptoeconomics](https://medium.com/l4-media/making-sense-of-cryptoeconomics-c6455776669) by Josh Stark 73 | * [Introduction to Cryptoeconomics [Video]](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pKqdjaH1dRo) by Vitalik Buterin 74 | * [Current state of Cryptoeconomics [Video]](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u6VSPD5TrP4) by Vlad Zamfir 75 | * [Crash Course on Mechanism Design for Cryptoeconomic Applications](https://medium.com/blockchannel/a-crash-course-in-mechanism-design-for-cryptoeconomic-applications-a9f06ab6a976) by Alex Evans 76 | * [Counterfactual Terminology](https://github.com/ledgerlabs/state-channels/wiki/Counterfactual-Terminology) by Jeff Coleman 77 | * [Blockchain protocols in the wild](https://arxiv.org/pdf/1707.01873.pdf) by Christian Cachin & Marko Vukolic 78 | * [Functional decision theory: A new theory of instrumental rationality](https://arxiv.org/abs/1710.05060) by Eliezer Yudkowsky & Nate Soares 79 | * [On anti-pre-revelation Games](https://blog.ethereum.org/2015/08/28/on-anti-pre-revelation-games/) by Vitalik Buterin 80 | 81 | ## Governance of blockchain protocols 82 | 83 | ## Social & business context 84 | 85 | ## Startups, technology, and entrepreneurship 86 | 87 | ## General blockchain beginner material 88 | 89 | ## L4's physical library 90 | 91 | 92 | 93 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------