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Affirmer understands and acknowledges that Creative Commons is not a 120 | party to this document and has no duty or obligation with respect to 121 | this CC0 or use of the Work. 122 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | [![Awesome](https://awesome.re/badge.svg)](https://awesome.re) 2 | 3 | 4 | Usual flow 5 | ``` 6 | fw -> bootloader -> kernel -> initramfs -> rootfs 7 | ``` 8 | 9 | In its simplest form (no separate initramfs, init included in the kernel) 10 | ``` 11 | fw -> kernel (init included) 12 | ``` 13 | 14 | No initramfs, separate rootfs 15 | ``` 16 | fw -> kernel -> rootfs 17 | ``` 18 | 19 | 20 | > A curated list of awesome initramfs resources. 21 | 22 | ## Contents 23 | 24 | - [Projects](#projects) 25 | - [Documentation](#documentation) 26 | - [Resources](#resources) 27 | 28 | ## Projects 29 | * [dracut](https://github.com/dracut-ng/dracut-ng) - default on Fedora, OpenSUSE, Gentoo, Void 30 | * [mkinitcpio](https://github.com/archlinux/mkinitcpio) - default on Arch 31 | * [initramfs-tools](https://salsa.debian.org/kernel-team/initramfs-tools) - default on Debian 32 | * [make-initrd](https://github.com/osboot/make-initrd) - default on AltLinux 33 | * [mkinitfs](https://gitlab.alpinelinux.org/alpine/mkinitfs/) - default on Alpine 34 | * [Minimal Builder Using Terse Options](https://mbuto.sh/mbuto) - Host-agnostic initramfs image builder for lightweight virtual machines 35 | * [booster](https://github.com/anatol/booster) - Golang 36 | * [genkernel](https://gitweb.gentoo.org/proj/genkernel.git) - Gentoo 37 | * [u-root](https://github.com/u-root/u-root) - Golang 38 | * [mkosi](https://github.com/systemd/mkosi/tree/main/mkosi/resources/mkosi-initrd) - use system packages (not just individual files) 39 | * [gen_initramfs](https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/usr/gen_initramfs.sh) 40 | * [better-initramfs](https://github.com/slashbeast/better-initramfs) - Bash shell, busybox 41 | * [tiny-initramfs](https://github.com/chris-se/tiny-initramfs) - C, works great 42 | * [tinyramfs](https://github.com/illiliti/tinyramfs) - POSIX shell 43 | * [clr-init](https://github.com/clearlinux/clr-init) - Clear Linux 44 | * [jamdisk](https://github.com/cbdevnet/jamdisk) 45 | * [micro-rootfs](https://github.com/loicpoulain/micro-rootfs) - buildroot 46 | * [tinycorelinux](https://github.com/tinycorelinux/Core-scripts/blob/master/init) - initramfs distro (no switch_root) 47 | * [mkroot/toybox](https://github.com/landley/toybox/blob/master/mkroot/mkroot.sh) - minimal initramfs distro 48 | * [cloud-initramfs-tools](https://launchpad.net/cloud-initramfs-tools/) - initramfs-tools extra modules 49 | * [mxlinux](https://github.com/MX-Linux/build-iso-mx/tree/master/Template/COMMON/initrd) - MX Linux 50 | * [linux-live](https://github.com/Tomas-M/linux-live) 51 | * [tinyroot](https://github.com/troglobit/tinyroot) - Tinyroot 52 | * [mkinitramfs](https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/view/svn/postlfs/initramfs.html) - Linux from scratch 53 | * [JamiKettunen](https://github.com/JamiKettunen/initramfs-tools) 54 | * [Postmarketos-mkinitfs](https://gitlab.com/postmarketOS/pmaports/-/tree/master/main/postmarketos-mkinitfs) 55 | * [Yocto-initrdscripts](https://github.com/yoctoproject/poky/tree/master/meta/recipes-core/initrdscripts) 56 | * [ugrd](https://github.com/desultory/ugrd) 57 | 58 | ## Documentation 59 | * [linux kernel](https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/filesystems/ramfs-rootfs-initramfs.html) 60 | * [wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Initial_ramdisk) 61 | * [debian](https://wiki.debian.org/initramfs) 62 | * [ubuntu](https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Initramfs) 63 | * [arch](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Arch_boot_process#initramfs) 64 | * [gentoo](https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Initramfs/Guide) 65 | * [fedora](https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Dracut) 66 | * [postmarketos](https://wiki.postmarketos.org/wiki/The_initramfs) 67 | 68 | ## How to avoid having a need for initramfs 69 | * build-in all kernel modules that needed to mount rootfs 70 | * use root=/dev/sda (avoid using UUID) 71 | 72 | ## Build initramfs into the kernel 73 | * [CONFIG_INITRAMFS_SOURCE](https://www.kernelconfig.io/CONFIG_INITRAMFS_SOURCE) 74 | 75 | ## Minimal rootfs 76 | * [micro-rootfs](https://github.com/loicpoulain/micro-rootfs) - mdev 77 | 78 | # Dracut wikis/docs 79 | * [Arch](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Dracut) 80 | * [Fedora](https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Dracut) 81 | * [FedoraDebug](http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/How_to_debug_Dracut_problems) 82 | * [Gentoo](https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Dracut) 83 | * [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dracut_(software)) 84 | * [DracutNotes](https://wwoods.fedorapeople.org/doc/dracut-notes.html) 85 | * [Repology](https://repology.org/project/dracut) 86 | 87 | # Notable Dracut packages/patches/forks 88 | * [adelielinux](https://git.adelielinux.org/adelie/packages/-/tree/current/user/dracut) 89 | * [alpine](https://gitlab.alpinelinux.org/alpine/aports/-/tree/master/community/dracut) 90 | * [altlinux](https://git.altlinux.org/gears/d/dracut.git) 91 | * [aosc](https://github.com/AOSC-Dev/aosc-os-abbs/tree/stable/app-admin/dracut) 92 | * [arch](https://gitlab.archlinux.org/archlinux/packaging/packages/dracut) 93 | * [artixlinux](https://gitea.artixlinux.org/packages/dracut) 94 | * [azurelinux-dev](https://github.com/microsoft/azurelinux/tree/3.0-dev/SPECS/dracut) 95 | * [azurelinux](https://github.com/microsoft/azurelinux/tree/2.0/SPECS/dracut) 96 | * [buildroot](https://git.busybox.net/buildroot/tree/package/dracut) 97 | * [buildroot](https://gitlab.com/buildroot.org/buildroot/-/tree/master/package/dracut) 98 | * [crux](https://crux.nu/ports/opt/3.8/dracut/) 99 | * [debian](https://salsa.debian.org/debian/dracut/) 100 | * [distri](https://github.com/distr1/distri/tree/master/pkgs/dracut) 101 | * [fedora-rpm](https://src.fedoraproject.org/rpms/dracut) 102 | * [fedora](https://github.com/redhat-plumbers/dracut-fedora) 103 | * [freedesktop-sdk](https://gitlab.com/freedesktop-sdk/freedesktop-sdk/-/tree/master/patches/dracut) 104 | * [gentoo](https://github.com/gentoo/gentoo/blob/master/sys-kernel/dracut) 105 | * [gobolinux](https://github.com/gobolinux/Recipes/tree/master/Dracut) 106 | * [nix](https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/tree/master/pkgs/os-specific/linux/dracut) 107 | * [openembedded](https://git.openembedded.org/meta-openembedded/tree/meta-initramfs/recipes-devtools/dracut) 108 | * [openeuler](https://gitee.com/src-openeuler/dracut) 109 | * [openmandriva](https://github.com/OpenMandrivaAssociation/dracut) 110 | * [opensuse](https://github.com/openSUSE/dracut-ng) 111 | * [photonos](https://github.com/vmware/photon/tree/master/SPECS/dracut) 112 | * [pld](https://git.pld-linux.org/?p=packages/dracut.git;a=tree) 113 | * [rhel](https://github.com/redhat-plumbers/dracut-rhel8) 114 | * [rosa](https://abf.io/import/dracut) 115 | * [slack](https://git.slackbuilds.org/slackbuilds/tree/system/dracut) 116 | * [solus](https://github.com/getsolus/packages/tree/main/packages/d/dracut) 117 | * [spack](https://github.com/spack/spack/blob/develop/var/spack/repos/builtin/packages/dracut/package.py) 118 | * [t2sde](https://github.com/rxrbln/t2sde/tree/main/package/contrib/dracut) 119 | * [ubuntu](https://git.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/dracut/tree/) 120 | * [void](https://github.com/void-linux/void-packages/tree/master/srcpkgs/dracut) 121 | 122 | # Projects with out-of-tree dracut modules 123 | * [brltty](https://github.com/brltty/brltty/tree/master/Initramfs/Dracut) 124 | * [fai](https://github.com/faiproject/fai/tree/master/lib/dracut/80fai-autodiscover) 125 | * [kiwi](https://github.com/OSInside/kiwi/tree/master/dracut/modules.d) 126 | * [dracut-sshd](https://github.com/gsauthof/dracut-sshd) 127 | * [dracut-crypt-ssh](https://github.com/dracut-crypt-ssh/dracut-crypt-ssh) 128 | * [openzfs](https://github.com/openzfs/zfs/tree/master/contrib/dracut) 129 | * [clevis](https://github.com/latchset/clevis/tree/master/src/luks/systemd/dracut) 130 | * [ignition](https://github.com/coreos/ignition/tree/main/dracut) 131 | * [stratisd](https://github.com/stratis-storage/stratisd/tree/master/dracut) 132 | * [tpm2-totp](https://github.com/tpm2-software/tpm2-totp/tree/master/dist/dracut) 133 | * [anaconda](https://github.com/rhinstaller/anaconda/tree/master/dracut) 134 | * [transactional-updates](https://github.com/openSUSE/transactional-update) 135 | * [afterburn](https://github.com/coreos/afterburn/tree/main/dracut/30afterburn) 136 | * [bootengine](https://github.com/flatcar/bootengine) 137 | * [qubes-antievilmaid](https://github.com/QubesOS/qubes-antievilmaid/tree/master/90anti-evil-maid) 138 | * [dracut-encryptrootfs](https://github.com/Symantec/dracut-encryptrootfs) 139 | * [Fedora CoreOS](https://github.com/coreos/fedora-coreos-config/tree/testing-devel/overlay.d/05core/usr/lib/dracut/modules.d) 140 | * [dracut-iguana](https://github.com/aaannz/dracut-iguana) 141 | * [mkinitcpio-ykfde](https://github.com/eworm-de/mkinitcpio-ykfde/tree/master/dracut) 142 | * [dracut-ntfsloop](https://github.com/genosse-einhorn/dracut-ntfsloop) 143 | * [iguana](https://github.com/openSUSE/iguana/tree/main/dracut-iguana) 144 | * [kairos-io](https://github.com/kairos-io/packages/tree/main/packages/system/dracut/immutable-rootfs/30cos-immutable-rootfs) 145 | * [immucore](https://github.com/kairos-io/immucore) 146 | * [KaOS](https://github.com/KaOSx/core/blob/master/dracut) 147 | * [cloud-initramfs-tools](https://github.com/larsks/cloud-initramfs-tools/tree/master/growroot/dracut/modules.d/50growroot) 148 | * [zfsbootmenu](https://github.com/zbm-dev/zfsbootmenu/tree/master/dracut) 149 | * [gardenlinux-live](https://github.com/gardenlinux/gardenlinux/tree/main/features/_pxe/file.include/usr/lib/dracut/modules.d/98gardenlinux-live) 150 | * [hrmpf](https://github.com/leahneukirchen/hrmpf/tree/master/dracut) 151 | * [Cray-HPE/metal-dmk8s](https://github.com/Cray-HPE/dracut-metal-dmk8s/tree/main/93metaldmk8s) 152 | * [Cray-HPE/metal-mdsquash](https://github.com/Cray-HPE/dracut-metal-mdsquash/tree/main/90metalmdsquash) 153 | * [AsahiLinux](https://github.com/AsahiLinux/asahi-scripts/tree/main/dracut) 154 | * [Debian installer](https://github.com/r0b0/debian-installer/tree/master/installer-files/usr/lib/dracut/modules.d/90overlay-generic) 155 | * [FIDO Device Onboard (FDO)](https://github.com/fdo-rs/fido-device-onboard-rs/tree/main/dracut/52fdo) 156 | * [initoverlayfs](https://github.com/containers/initoverlayfs) 157 | * [warewulf](https://github.com/warewulf/warewulf/blob/main/dracut/modules.d/90wwinit) 158 | 159 | # OSS search 160 | * [dracut on Github](https://github.com/topics/dracut) 161 | * [dracut-module on Github](https://github.com/topics/dracut-module) 162 | 163 | # Other notable projects using dracut 164 | (without an out-of-tree dracut modules) 165 | * [livecd-tools](https://github.com/livecd-tools/livecd-tools) 166 | * [lorax](https://github.com/weldr/lorax) 167 | * [calamares](https://github.com/calamares/calamares) 168 | * [voidvault](https://github.com/atweiden/voidvault) 169 | * [grml-debootstrap](https://github.com/grml/grml-debootstrap) 170 | * [core-initrd](https://github.com/snapcore/core-initrd) - Ubuntu Core Linux 171 | 172 | ## How to avoid the need for initramfs 173 | * build-in kernel modules into the kernel that is needed to mount rootfs (e.g. CONFIG_EXT4_FS=y) 174 | * set root= kernel command line argument (see https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/v6.4/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.html) 175 | 176 | ## Resources 177 | * [Linux initramfs for fun](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KQjRnuwb7is) 178 | * [How to use initramfs](https://landley.net/writing/rootfs-howto.html) 179 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------