├── .gitignore ├── .github └── workflows │ └── sync.yml ├── takeover.sh ├── README.md ├── OsMutation.sh ├── OsMutationTight.sh ├── OsMutationKvm.sh └── LICENSE /.gitignore: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | temp/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /.github/workflows/sync.yml: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | name: Fetch LXC images from linuxcontainers 2 | on: 3 | workflow_dispatch: 4 | schedule: 5 | - cron: "0 22 * * 1" 6 | 7 | jobs: 8 | build: 9 | runs-on: ubuntu-latest 10 | steps: 11 | - name: Set variables 12 | run: | 13 | echo "RELEASE_NAME=LXC images fetched on $(date +%Y%m%d%H%M)" >> $GITHUB_ENV 14 | echo "TAG_NAME=LXC-$(date +%Y%m%d%H%M)" >> $GITHUB_ENV 15 | shell: bash 16 | 17 | - name: Fetch LXC images from linuxcontainers 18 | run: | 19 | server=http://images.linuxcontainers.org 20 | path=$(wget -qO- ${server}/meta/1.0/index-system | grep -v edge | grep default | awk '-F;' '(( $1=="debian" || $1=="centos" || $1=="alpine") && ( $3=="amd64" || $3=="i386" || $3=="arm64")) {print $NF}') 21 | os_index=$(echo "$path" | wc -l) 22 | os_list=$(echo "$path" | sed -E 's%/images/(.*)/default/.*/%\1%g' | sed 's%/%-%g') 23 | 24 | mkdir ./publish 25 | cd ./publish 26 | 27 | i=1 28 | while [[ $i -le $os_index ]]; do 29 | os_file=$(echo "$os_list" | head -n $i | tail -n 1) 30 | os_path=$(echo "$path" | head -n $i | tail -n 1) 31 | download_link=${server}/${os_path}/rootfs.tar.xz 32 | 33 | wget $download_link -O ${os_file}.tar.xz 34 | 35 | ((i++)) 36 | done 37 | 38 | - name: Release and upload assets 39 | uses: softprops/action-gh-release@v0.1.6 40 | with: 41 | name: ${{ env.RELEASE_NAME }} 42 | tag_name: ${{ env.TAG_NAME }} 43 | draft: false 44 | prerelease: false 45 | files: | 46 | ./publish/* 47 | env: 48 | GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }} 49 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /takeover.sh: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/sh 2 | set -e 3 | 4 | TO=/x 5 | OLD_INIT=$(readlink /proc/1/exe) 6 | cd "$TO" 7 | 8 | if [ ! -e fakeinit ]; then 9 | ./busybox echo "Please compile fakeinit.c first" 10 | exit 1 11 | fi 12 | 13 | 14 | ./busybox echo "Setting up target filesystem..." 15 | ./busybox rm -f etc/mtab 16 | ./busybox ln -s /proc/mounts etc/mtab 17 | ./busybox mkdir -p oldroot 18 | 19 | ./busybox echo "Mounting pseudo-filesystems..." 20 | ./busybox mount -t tmpfs tmp tmp 21 | ./busybox mount -t proc proc proc 22 | ./busybox mount -t sysfs sys sys 23 | if ! ./busybox mount -t devtmpfs dev dev; then 24 | ./busybox mount -t tmpfs dev dev 25 | ./busybox cp -a /dev/* dev/ 26 | ./busybox rm -rf dev/pts 27 | ./busybox mkdir dev/pts 28 | fi 29 | ./busybox mount --bind /dev/pts dev/pts 30 | 31 | TTY="$(./busybox tty)" 32 | 33 | ./busybox echo "Checking and switching TTY..." 34 | 35 | exec <"$TO/$TTY" >"$TO/$TTY" 2>"$TO/$TTY" 36 | 37 | ./busybox echo "Preparing init..." 38 | ./busybox cat >tmp/${OLD_INIT##*/} <"${TO}/${TTY}" 2>"${TO}/${TTY}" 42 | cd "${TO}" 43 | 44 | ./busybox echo "Init takeover successful" 45 | ./busybox echo "Pivoting root..." 46 | ./busybox mount --make-rprivate / 47 | ./busybox pivot_root . oldroot 48 | ./busybox echo "Chrooting and running init..." 49 | exec ./busybox chroot . /fakeinit 50 | EOF 51 | ./busybox chmod +x tmp/${OLD_INIT##*/} 52 | 53 | 54 | ./busybox echo "About to take over init. This script will now pause for a few seconds." 55 | ./busybox echo "If the takeover was successful, you will see output from the new init." 56 | ./busybox echo "You may then kill the remnants of this session and any remaining" 57 | 58 | ./busybox mount --bind tmp/${OLD_INIT##*/} ${OLD_INIT} 59 | 60 | telinit u 61 | 62 | ./busybox sleep 5 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # OsMutation 2 | Reinstall Any OpenVZ/LXC VPS to Debian/CentOS/Alpine 3 | 4 | ## Features 5 | - Support both OpenVZ 7 and LXC 6 | - Support reinstall to multiple operating systems 7 | 8 | ## Usage 9 | ``` 10 | wget -qO OsMutation.sh https://raw.githubusercontent.com/LloydAsp/OsMutation/main/OsMutation.sh && chmod u+x OsMutation.sh && ./OsMutation.sh 11 | ``` 12 | or 13 | ``` 14 | curl -so OsMutation.sh https://raw.githubusercontent.com/LloydAsp/OsMutation/main/OsMutation.sh && chmod u+x OsMutation.sh && ./OsMutation.sh 15 | ``` 16 | for vps whose disk is small (less than 1GiB, experimental support) 17 | 18 | ``` 19 | wget -qO OsMutation.sh https://raw.githubusercontent.com/LloydAsp/OsMutation/main/OsMutationTight.sh && chmod u+x OsMutation.sh && ./OsMutation.sh 20 | ``` 21 | 22 | [![asciicast](https://asciinema.org/a/582009.svg)](https://asciinema.org/a/582009) 23 | 24 | ## Notice 25 | - A fresh system will be installed and all old data will be wiped! Backup your important data first. 26 | - OpenVZ 7 and above is support, not OpenVZ 6. 27 | - Virtual Machine is not supported, such as kvm, xen and vmware 28 | 29 | ## How Does This work 30 | Openvz and Lxc are typical container virtualization technologys. The host OS kernel is shared with both the host and other containers, and all the applications and runtime libraries required by os are packed together in container itself. 31 | 32 | So if you want to replace the operating system, you can just replace the files in the container. That's it, simple and straightforward. Just pay attention to the order of action since there are some dependences of files. 33 | 34 | ## Template Sources 35 | LXC templates are directly downloaded from http://images.linuxcontainers.org, OpenVZ 7 templates are extracted from OpenVZ 7 official iso. 36 | 37 | ## Thanks To 38 | - Inspired by https://gist.github.com/trimsj/c1fefd650b5f49ceb8f3efc1b6a1404d 39 | 40 | ## To Do 41 | - Support non-interactive mode by accepting arguments 42 | - Support customed template source 43 | - Support more operating system 44 | - Fix networking bug of CentOS under LXC 45 | - Auto configure ipv6 network -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /OsMutation.sh: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | # Reinstall Any OpenVZ/LXC VPS to Debian/CentOS/Alpine 3 | # Author: Lloyd@nodeseek.com 4 | # WARNING: A fresh system will be installed and all old data will be wiped. 5 | # License: GPLv3; Partly based on https://gist.github.com/trimsj/c1fefd650b5f49ceb8f3efc1b6a1404d 6 | 7 | function print_help(){ 8 | echo -ne "\e[1;32m" 9 | cat <<- EOF 10 | 11 | ██████╗ ███████╗███╗ ███╗██╗ ██╗████████╗ █████╗ ████████╗██╗ ██████╗ ███╗ ██╗ 12 | ██╔═══██╗██╔════╝████╗ ████║██║ ██║╚══██╔══╝██╔══██╗╚══██╔══╝██║██╔═══██╗████╗ ██║ 13 | ██║ ██║███████╗██╔████╔██║██║ ██║ ██║ ███████║ ██║ ██║██║ ██║██╔██╗ ██║ 14 | ██║ ██║╚════██║██║╚██╔╝██║██║ ██║ ██║ ██╔══██║ ██║ ██║██║ ██║██║╚██╗██║ 15 | ╚██████╔╝███████║██║ ╚═╝ ██║╚██████╔╝ ██║ ██║ ██║ ██║ ██║╚██████╔╝██║ ╚████║ 16 | ╚═════╝ ╚══════╝╚═╝ ╚═╝ ╚═════╝ ╚═╝ ╚═╝ ╚═╝ ╚═╝ ╚═╝ ╚═════╝ ╚═╝ ╚═══╝ 17 | 18 | Reinstall Any OpenVZ/LXC VPS to Debian/CentOS/Alpine; 19 | [warning] A fresh system will be installed and all old data will be wiped! 20 | Author: Lloyd@nodeseek.com 21 | EOF 22 | echo -ne "\e[m" 23 | } 24 | 25 | function read_virt_tech(){ 26 | cttype=$(virt-what | sed -n 1p) 27 | if [[ $cttype == "lxc" || $cttype == "openvz" ]]; then 28 | [[ $cttype == "lxc" ]] && echo -e '\e[1;33mYour container type: lxc\e[m' || echo -e '\e[1;33mYour container type: openvz\e[m' 29 | else 30 | while [ "$cttype" != 'lxc' -a "$cttype" != 'openvz' -a "$cttype" != 'kvm' ] ; do 31 | echo -ne "\e[1;33mplease input container type (lxc/openvz/kvm):\e[m" 32 | read cttype < /dev/tty 33 | done 34 | fi 35 | } 36 | 37 | function install(){ 38 | if [ -n "$(command -v apt)" ] ; then 39 | cmd1="apt-get" 40 | cmd2="apt-get install -y" 41 | elif [ -n "$(command -v yum)" ] ; then 42 | cmd1="yum" 43 | cmd2="yum install -y" 44 | elif [ -n "$(command -v dnf)" ] ; then 45 | cmd1="dnf" 46 | cmd2="dnf install -y" 47 | elif [ -n "$(command -v apk)" ] ; then 48 | cmd1="apk" 49 | cmd2="apk add" 50 | else 51 | echo "Error: Not Supported Os" 52 | exit 1 53 | fi 54 | $cmd1 update 55 | $cmd2 "$@" 56 | } 57 | 58 | function read_lxc_template(){ 59 | last_lxc_version=$(curl -Ls "https://api.github.com/repos/LloydAsp/OsMutation/releases/latest" | grep "LXC" | grep '"tag_name":' | sed -E 's/.*"([^"]+)".*/\1/') 60 | if [[ -n $last_lxc_version ]]; then 61 | image_list=$(curl -Ls "https://api.github.com/repos/LloydAsp/OsMutation/releases/latest" | grep "LXC" | grep '"browser_download_url":' | sed -E 's/.*"([^"]+)".*/\1/') 62 | if [ "$(uname -m)" == "aarch64" ] ; then 63 | image_list="$(echo "$image_list" | grep arm64)" 64 | else 65 | image_list="$(echo "$image_list" | grep -v arm64)" 66 | fi 67 | 68 | os_list=$(echo "$image_list" | sed "s/https\:\/\/github.com\/LloydAsp\/OsMutation\/releases\/download\/${last_lxc_version}\///g" | sed "s/\.tar\.gz//g") 69 | echo "$os_list" | nl 70 | 71 | while [ -z "${os_index##*[!0-9]*}" ]; do 72 | echo -ne "\e[1;33mplease select os (input number):\e[m" 73 | read os_index < /dev/tty 74 | done 75 | 76 | download_link=$(echo "$image_list" | head -n $os_index | tail -n 1) 77 | else 78 | server=http://images.linuxcontainers.org 79 | path=$(wget -qO- ${server}/meta/1.0/index-system | \ 80 | grep -v edge | grep default | \ 81 | awk '-F;' '(( $1=="debian" || $1=="centos" || $1=="alpine") && ( $3=="amd64" || $3=="i386")) {print $NF}') 82 | 83 | if [ "$(uname -m)" == "aarch64" ] ; then 84 | path="$(echo $path | grep arm64)" 85 | else 86 | path="$(echo $path | grep -v arm64)" 87 | fi 88 | 89 | os_list=$( echo "$path" | sed -E 's%/images/(.*)/default/.*/%\1%g' | sed 's%/%-%g' ) 90 | echo "$os_list" | nl 91 | 92 | while [ -z "${os_index##*[!0-9]*}" ]; do 93 | echo -ne "\e[1;33mplease select os (input number):\e[m" 94 | read os_index < /dev/tty 95 | done 96 | 97 | path=$( echo "$path" | head -n $os_index | tail -n 1) 98 | os_selected=$(echo "$os_list" | head -n $os_index | tail -n 1 ) 99 | download_link=${server}/${path}/rootfs.tar.xz 100 | fi 101 | } 102 | 103 | function read_openvz_template(){ 104 | releasetag="v0.0.1" 105 | os_list=$(wget -qO- "https://github.com/LloydAsp/OsMutation/releases/expanded_assets/v0.0.1" | \ 106 | sed -nE '/tar.gz/s/.*>([^<>]+)\.tar\.gz.*/\1/p' | \ 107 | grep -E "(debian)|(centos)|(alpine)" ) 108 | echo "$os_list" | nl 109 | 110 | while [ -z "${os_index##*[!0-9]*}" ]; 111 | do 112 | echo -n "please select os (input number):" 113 | read os_index < /dev/tty 114 | done 115 | 116 | os_selected=$( echo "$os_list" | head -n $os_index | tail -n 1) 117 | download_link="https://github.com/LloydAsp/OsMutation/releases/download/${releasetag}/${os_selected}.tar.gz" 118 | } 119 | 120 | function download_rootfs(){ 121 | cd / 122 | mkdir /x 123 | 124 | if [ "$cttype" == 'lxc' ] ; then 125 | #rootfs.tar.xz 126 | wget -qO- $download_link | tar -C /x -xJv 127 | elif [ "$cttype" == 'openvz' ] ; then 128 | #rootfs.tar.gz 129 | wget -qO- $download_link | tar -C /x -xzv 130 | elif [ "$cttype" == 'kvm' ] ; then 131 | echo "kvm is not supported by this script" 132 | exit 1 133 | fi 134 | } 135 | 136 | 137 | function migrate_configuration(){ 138 | # save root password and ssh directory 139 | sed -i '/^root:/d' /x/etc/shadow 140 | grep '^root:' /etc/shadow >> /x/etc/shadow 141 | [ -d /root/.ssh ] && cp -a /root/.ssh /x/root/ 142 | 143 | # save network configuration 144 | dev=$(awk '$2 == 00000000 { print $1 }' /proc/net/route) 145 | [ -d /x/etc/network/ ] || mkdir -p /x/etc/network/ 146 | ipaddr_with_mask=$(ip addr show dev $dev | sed -nE '/global/s/.*inet (.+) brd.*$/\1/p' | head -n 1) 147 | hostname=$(hostname) 148 | route_part="$(ip route show default 0.0.0.0/0 | sed -E 's/^(.*dev [^ ]+).*$/\1/')" 149 | gateway_line="up ip route add $route_part" 150 | 151 | # manual save network 152 | if [ -f /etc/network/interfaces ] && grep static /etc/network/interfaces > /dev/null ; then 153 | cp -rf /etc/network/interfaces /x/etc/network/interfaces 154 | else 155 | cat > /x/etc/network/interfaces <<- EOF 156 | auto lo 157 | iface lo inet loopback 158 | 159 | auto $dev 160 | iface $dev inet static 161 | address $ipaddr_with_mask 162 | $gateway_line 163 | 164 | hostname $hostname 165 | EOF 166 | fi 167 | 168 | rm /x/etc/resolv.conf 169 | cat > /x/etc/resolv.conf <<- EOF 170 | nameserver 8.8.8.8 171 | nameserver 2001:4860:4860::8888 172 | EOF 173 | } 174 | 175 | function install_requirement(){ 176 | # prevent no access on ipv6 only vps 177 | ping -c 3 api.github.com || echo "nameserver 2a00:1098:2c::1" > /etc/resolv.conf 178 | 179 | if [ -n "$(command -v apk)" ] ; then 180 | install curl sed gawk wget gzip xz tar virt-what 181 | else 182 | install curl sed gawk wget gzip xz-utils virt-what 183 | fi 184 | } 185 | 186 | function chroot_run(){ 187 | if grep -qi alpine /x/etc/issue; then 188 | chroot "/x/" sh -c "[ -f /bin/bash ] || apk add bash" 189 | fi 190 | chroot "/x/" /bin/bash -c "$*" 191 | } 192 | 193 | function replace_os(){ 194 | mkdir /x/oldroot 195 | mount --bind / /x/oldroot 196 | chroot_run 'cd /oldroot; '` 197 | `'rm -rf $(ls /oldroot | grep -vE "(^dev|^proc|^sys|^run|^x)") ; '` 198 | `'cd /; '` 199 | `'mv -f $(ls / | grep -vE "(^dev|^proc|^sys|^run|^oldroot)") /oldroot' 200 | umount /x/oldroot 201 | } 202 | 203 | function post_install(){ 204 | export PATH="/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin" 205 | if grep -qi alpine /etc/issue; then 206 | install openssh bash 207 | rc-update add sshd default 208 | rc-update add mdev sysinit 209 | rc-update add devfs sysinit 210 | if [ "$cttype" == 'lxc' ] ; then 211 | apk add ifupdown-ng 212 | rc-update add networking default 213 | sed -i 's/--auto/-a/' /etc/init.d/networking # fix bug in networking script of lxc 214 | fi 215 | elif grep -qi debian /etc/issue; then 216 | install ssh 217 | if [ "$cttype" == 'lxc' ] ; then 218 | install ifupdown 219 | systemctl disable systemd-networkd.service 220 | fi 221 | elif grep -qi centos /etc/issue; then 222 | install openssh 223 | if [ "$cttype" == 'lxc' ] ; then 224 | install ifupdown 225 | systemctl disable systemd-networkd.service 226 | # To-Do: Network service of CentOS need modify 227 | fi 228 | fi 229 | echo PermitRootLogin yes >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config 230 | rm -rf /x 231 | sync 232 | while [ "$reboot_ans" != 'yes' -a "$reboot_ans" != 'no' ] ; do 233 | echo -ne "\e[1;33mreboot now? (yes/no):\e[m" 234 | read reboot_ans < /dev/tty 235 | done 236 | 237 | if [ "$reboot_ans" == 'yes' ] ; then 238 | reboot -f 239 | fi 240 | } 241 | 242 | function main(){ 243 | print_help 244 | echo -e '\e[1;32minstall requirement...\e[m' 245 | install_requirement 246 | read_virt_tech 247 | 248 | if [ "$cttype" == 'openvz' ] ; then 249 | read_openvz_template 250 | elif [ "$cttype" == 'lxc' ] ; then 251 | read_lxc_template 252 | elif [ "$cttype" == 'kvm' ] ; then 253 | curl -qo OsMutationKvm.sh https://raw.githubusercontent.com/LloydAsp/OsMutation/main/OsMutationKvm.sh 254 | chmod u+x OsMutationKvm.sh 255 | ./OsMutationKvm.sh 256 | exit 0 257 | fi 258 | 259 | echo -e '\e[1;32mdownloading template...\e[m' 260 | download_rootfs 261 | echo -e '\e[1;32mmigrating configuration\e[m' 262 | migrate_configuration 263 | echo -e '\e[1;32mreplacing old files\e[m' 264 | replace_os 265 | echo -e '\e[1;32mpost processing...\e[m' 266 | post_install 267 | } 268 | 269 | main 2>&1 | tee reinstall.log 270 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /OsMutationTight.sh: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | # Reinstall Any OpenVZ/LXC VPS to Debian/CentOS/Alpine 3 | # Author: Lloyd@nodeseek.com 4 | # WARNING: A fresh system will be installed and all old data will be wiped. 5 | # License: GPLv3; Partly based on https://gist.github.com/trimsj/c1fefd650b5f49ceb8f3efc1b6a1404d 6 | 7 | function print_help(){ 8 | echo -ne "\e[1;32m" 9 | cat <<- EOF 10 | 11 | ██████╗ ███████╗███╗ ███╗██╗ ██╗████████╗ █████╗ ████████╗██╗ ██████╗ ███╗ ██╗ 12 | ██╔═══██╗██╔════╝████╗ ████║██║ ██║╚══██╔══╝██╔══██╗╚══██╔══╝██║██╔═══██╗████╗ ██║ 13 | ██║ ██║███████╗██╔████╔██║██║ ██║ ██║ ███████║ ██║ ██║██║ ██║██╔██╗ ██║ 14 | ██║ ██║╚════██║██║╚██╔╝██║██║ ██║ ██║ ██╔══██║ ██║ ██║██║ ██║██║╚██╗██║ 15 | ╚██████╔╝███████║██║ ╚═╝ ██║╚██████╔╝ ██║ ██║ ██║ ██║ ██║╚██████╔╝██║ ╚████║ 16 | ╚═════╝ ╚══════╝╚═╝ ╚═╝ ╚═════╝ ╚═╝ ╚═╝ ╚═╝ ╚═╝ ╚═╝ ╚═════╝ ╚═╝ ╚═══╝ 17 | 18 | Reinstall Any OpenVZ/LXC VPS to Debian/CentOS/Alpine; 19 | [warning] A fresh system will be installed and all old data will be wiped! 20 | Author: Lloyd@nodeseek.com 21 | EOF 22 | echo -ne "\e[m" 23 | } 24 | 25 | function read_virt_tech(){ 26 | cttype=$(virt-what | sed -n 1p) 27 | if [[ $cttype == "lxc" || $cttype == "openvz" ]]; then 28 | [[ $cttype == "lxc" ]] && echo -e '\e[1;33mYour container type: lxc\e[m' || echo -e '\e[1;33mYour container type: openvz\e[m' 29 | else 30 | while [ "$cttype" != 'lxc' -a "$cttype" != 'openvz' ] ; do 31 | echo -ne "\e[1;33mplease input container type (lxc/openvz):\e[m" 32 | read cttype 33 | done 34 | fi 35 | } 36 | 37 | function install(){ 38 | if [ -n "$(command -v apt)" ] ; then 39 | cmd1="apt-get" 40 | cmd2="apt-get install -y" 41 | elif [ -n "$(command -v yum)" ] ; then 42 | cmd1="yum" 43 | cmd2="yum install -y" 44 | elif [ -n "$(command -v dnf)" ] ; then 45 | cmd1="dnf" 46 | cmd2="dnf install -y" 47 | elif [ -n "$(command -v apk)" ] ; then 48 | cmd1="apk" 49 | cmd2="apk add" 50 | else 51 | echo "Error: Not Supported Os" 52 | exit 1 53 | fi 54 | $cmd1 update 55 | $cmd2 "$@" 56 | } 57 | 58 | function read_lxc_template(){ 59 | last_lxc_version=$(curl -Ls "https://api.github.com/repos/LloydAsp/OsMutation/releases/latest" | grep "LXC" | grep '"tag_name":' | sed -E 's/.*"([^"]+)".*/\1/') 60 | if [[ -n $last_lxc_version ]]; then 61 | image_list=$(curl -Ls "https://api.github.com/repos/LloydAsp/OsMutation/releases/latest" | grep "LXC" | grep '"browser_download_url":' | sed -E 's/.*"([^"]+)".*/\1/') 62 | 63 | os_list=$(curl -Ls "https://api.github.com/repos/LloydAsp/OsMutation/releases/latest" | grep "LXC" | grep '"browser_download_url":' | sed -E 's/.*"([^"]+)".*/\1/' | sed "s/https\:\/\/github.com\/LloydAsp\/OsMutation\/releases\/download\/${last_lxc_version}\///g" | sed "s/\.tar\.gz//g") 64 | echo "$os_list" | nl 65 | 66 | while [ -z "${os_index##*[!0-9]*}" ]; do 67 | echo -ne "\e[1;33mplease select os (input number):\e[m" 68 | read os_index 69 | done 70 | 71 | download_link=$(echo "$image_list" | head -n $os_index | tail -n 1) 72 | else 73 | server=http://images.linuxcontainers.org 74 | path=$(wget -qO- ${server}/meta/1.0/index-system | \ 75 | grep -v edge | grep default | \ 76 | awk '-F;' '(( $1=="debian" || $1=="centos" || $1=="alpine") && ( $3=="amd64" || $3=="i386")) {print $NF}') 77 | 78 | os_list=$( echo "$path" | sed -E 's%/images/(.*)/default/.*/%\1%g' | sed 's%/%-%g' ) 79 | echo "$os_list" | nl 80 | 81 | while [ -z "${os_index##*[!0-9]*}" ]; do 82 | echo -ne "\e[1;33mplease select os (input number):\e[m" 83 | read os_index 84 | done 85 | 86 | path=$( echo "$path" | head -n $os_index | tail -n 1) 87 | os_selected=$(echo "$os_list" | head -n $os_index | tail -n 1 ) 88 | download_link=${server}/${path}/rootfs.tar.xz 89 | fi 90 | } 91 | 92 | function read_openvz_template(){ 93 | releasetag="v0.0.1" 94 | os_list=$(wget -qO- "https://github.com/LloydAsp/OsMutation/releases/expanded_assets/v0.0.1" | \ 95 | sed -nE '/tar.gz/s/.*>([^<>]+)\.tar\.gz.*/\1/p' | \ 96 | grep -E "(debian)|(centos)|(alpine)" ) 97 | echo "$os_list" | nl 98 | 99 | while [ -z "${os_index##*[!0-9]*}" ]; 100 | do 101 | echo -n "please select os (input number):" 102 | read os_index 103 | done 104 | 105 | os_selected=$( echo "$os_list" | head -n $os_index | tail -n 1) 106 | download_link="https://github.com/LloydAsp/OsMutation/releases/download/${releasetag}/${os_selected}.tar.gz" 107 | } 108 | 109 | function download_rootfs(){ 110 | cd /oldroot; 111 | rm -rf $(ls /oldroot | grep -vE "(^dev|^proc|^sys|^run|^x)") ; 112 | 113 | if [ "$cttype" == 'lxc' ] ; then 114 | #rootfs.tar.xz 115 | wget -qO- $download_link | tar -C /oldroot -xJv --delay-directory-restore --exclude="dev" --exclude="proc" --exclude="run" --exclude="sys" 116 | else 117 | wget -qO- $download_link | tar -C /oldroot -xzv --delay-directory-restore --exclude="dev" --exclude="proc" --exclude="run" --exclude="sys" 118 | fi 119 | } 120 | 121 | 122 | function migrate_configuration(){ 123 | dest_os_dir="$1" 124 | # save root password and ssh directory 125 | sed -i '/^root:/d' "/$dest_os_dir/etc/shadow" 126 | grep '^root:' /etc/shadow >> "/$dest_os_dir/etc/shadow" 127 | [ -d /root/.ssh ] && cp -a cp -a "/root/.ssh" "/$dest_os_dir/root/" 128 | 129 | # save network configuration 130 | dev=$(ip route get 8.8.8.8 | sed -n 's/.*dev \([^\ ]*\).*/\1/p' | head -n 1) 131 | [ -d "/$dest_os_dir/etc/network/" ] || mkdir -p "/$dest_os_dir/etc/network/" 132 | ipaddr_with_mask=$(ip addr show dev $dev | sed -nE '/global/s/.*inet (.+) brd.*$/\1/p' | head -n 1) 133 | hostname=$(hostname) 134 | route_part="$(ip route show default 0.0.0.0/0 | sed -E 's/^(.*dev [^ ]+).*$/\1/')" 135 | gateway_line="up ip route add $route_part" 136 | 137 | # manual save network 138 | if [ -f /etc/network/interfaces ] && grep static /etc/network/interfaces > /dev/null ; then 139 | cp -rf /etc/network/interfaces "/$dest_os_dir/etc/network/interfaces" 140 | else 141 | cat > "/$dest_os_dir/etc/network/interfaces" <<- EOF 142 | auto lo 143 | iface lo inet loopback 144 | 145 | auto $dev 146 | iface $dev inet static 147 | address $ipaddr_with_mask 148 | $gateway_line 149 | 150 | hostname $hostname 151 | EOF 152 | fi 153 | 154 | rm "/$dest_os_dir/etc/resolv.conf" 155 | cat > "/$dest_os_dir/etc/resolv.conf" <<- EOF 156 | nameserver 8.8.8.8 157 | nameserver 2001:4860:4860::8888 158 | EOF 159 | } 160 | 161 | function chroot_run(){ 162 | if grep -qi alpine /x/etc/issue; then 163 | chroot "/x/" sh -c "[ -f /bin/bash ] || apk add bash" 164 | fi 165 | chroot "/x/" /bin/bash -c "$*" 166 | } 167 | 168 | function post_install(){ 169 | export PATH="/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin" 170 | if grep -qi alpine /etc/issue; then 171 | install openssh bash 172 | rc-update add sshd default 173 | rc-update add mdev sysinit 174 | rc-update add devfs sysinit 175 | if grep -qa container=lxc /proc/1/environ ; then 176 | apk add ifupdown-ng 177 | rc-update add networking default 178 | sed -i 's/--auto/-a/' /etc/init.d/networking # fix bug in networking script of lxc 179 | fi 180 | elif grep -qi debian /etc/issue; then 181 | install ssh 182 | if grep -qa container=lxc /proc/1/environ ; then 183 | install ifupdown 184 | systemctl disable systemd-networkd.service 185 | fi 186 | elif grep -qi centos /etc/issue; then 187 | install openssh 188 | if grep -qa container=lxc /proc/1/environ ; then 189 | install ifupdown 190 | systemctl disable systemd-networkd.service 191 | # To-Do: Network service of CentOS need modify 192 | fi 193 | fi 194 | echo PermitRootLogin yes >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config 195 | rm -rf /x 196 | sync 197 | while [ "$reboot_ans" != 'yes' -a "$reboot_ans" != 'no' ] ; do 198 | echo -ne "\e[1;33mreboot now? (yes/no):\e[m" 199 | read reboot_ans < /dev/tty 200 | done 201 | 202 | if [ "$reboot_ans" == 'yes' ] ; then 203 | reboot -f 204 | fi 205 | } 206 | 207 | function install_requirement(){ 208 | if [ -n "$(command -v apk)" ] ; then 209 | install curl sed gawk wget gzip xz tar virt-what 210 | else 211 | install curl sed gawk wget gzip xz-utils virt-what 212 | fi 213 | } 214 | 215 | function main(){ 216 | print_help 217 | echo -e '\e[1;32minstall requirement...\e[m' 218 | install_requirement 219 | read_virt_tech 220 | 221 | if [ "$cttype" == 'lxc' ] ; then 222 | read_lxc_template 223 | else 224 | read_openvz_template 225 | fi 226 | 227 | 228 | echo -e '\e[1;32mdownloading template...\e[m' 229 | download_rootfs 230 | 231 | echo -e '\e[1;32mmigrating configuration\e[m' 232 | migrate_configuration oldroot 233 | } 234 | 235 | function make_temp_os(){ 236 | # prevent no access on ipv6 only vps 237 | ping -c 3 api.github.com || echo "nameserver 2a00:1098:2c::1" > /etc/resolv.conf 238 | 239 | temp_os_url="https://github.com/LloydAsp/OsMutation/releases/download/utils/alpine-3.18-chroot.tar.gz" 240 | mkdir /x 241 | if [ -n "$(command -v wget)" ] ; then 242 | wget -qO- $temp_os_url | tar -C /x -xz 243 | elif [ -n "$(command -v curl)" ] ; then 244 | curl -sL $temp_os_url | tar -C /x -xz 245 | else 246 | install wget 247 | wget -qO- $temp_os_url | tar -C /x -xz 248 | fi 249 | 250 | # backup configuration 251 | migrate_configuration x 252 | 253 | cp OsMutation.sh /x/ 254 | mkdir /x/oldroot 255 | mount --bind / /x/oldroot 256 | chroot_run env main=1 ./OsMutation.sh 257 | umount /x/oldroot 258 | 259 | echo -e '\e[1;32mpost processing...\e[m' 260 | post_install 261 | } 262 | 263 | 264 | if [ -z "$main" ]; then 265 | make_temp_os 2>&1 | tee reinstall.log 266 | exit 0 267 | fi 268 | 269 | main 270 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /OsMutationKvm.sh: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | # Reinstall Any OpenVZ/LXC VPS to Debian/CentOS/Alpine 3 | # Author: Lloyd@nodeseek.com 4 | # WARNING: A fresh system will be installed and all old data will be wiped. 5 | # License: GPLv3; Partly based on https://gist.github.com/trimsj/c1fefd650b5f49ceb8f3efc1b6a1404d 6 | 7 | function print_help(){ 8 | echo -ne "\e[1;32m" 9 | cat <<- EOF 10 | 11 | ██████╗ ███████╗███╗ ███╗██╗ ██╗████████╗ █████╗ ████████╗██╗ ██████╗ ███╗ ██╗ 12 | ██╔═══██╗██╔════╝████╗ ████║██║ ██║╚══██╔══╝██╔══██╗╚══██╔══╝██║██╔═══██╗████╗ ██║ 13 | ██║ ██║███████╗██╔████╔██║██║ ██║ ██║ ███████║ ██║ ██║██║ ██║██╔██╗ ██║ 14 | ██║ ██║╚════██║██║╚██╔╝██║██║ ██║ ██║ ██╔══██║ ██║ ██║██║ ██║██║╚██╗██║ 15 | ╚██████╔╝███████║██║ ╚═╝ ██║╚██████╔╝ ██║ ██║ ██║ ██║ ██║╚██████╔╝██║ ╚████║ 16 | ╚═════╝ ╚══════╝╚═╝ ╚═╝ ╚═════╝ ╚═╝ ╚═╝ ╚═╝ ╚═╝ ╚═╝ ╚═════╝ ╚═╝ ╚═══╝ 17 | 18 | Reinstall Any OpenVZ/LXC VPS to Debian/CentOS/Alpine; 19 | [warning] A fresh system will be installed and all old data will be wiped! 20 | Author: Lloyd@nodeseek.com 21 | EOF 22 | echo -ne "\e[m" 23 | } 24 | 25 | function read_virt_tech(){ 26 | cttype=$(virt-what | sed -n 1p) 27 | if [[ $cttype == "lxc" || $cttype == "openvz" ]]; then 28 | [[ $cttype == "lxc" ]] && echo -e '\e[1;33mYour container type: lxc\e[m' || echo -e '\e[1;33mYour container type: openvz\e[m' 29 | else 30 | while [ "$cttype" != 'lxc' -a "$cttype" != 'openvz' ] ; do 31 | echo -ne "\e[1;33mplease input container type (lxc/openvz):\e[m" 32 | read cttype 33 | done 34 | fi 35 | } 36 | 37 | function install(){ 38 | if [ -n "$(command -v apt)" ] ; then 39 | cmd1="apt-get" 40 | cmd2="apt-get install -y" 41 | elif [ -n "$(command -v yum)" ] ; then 42 | cmd1="yum" 43 | cmd2="yum install -y" 44 | elif [ -n "$(command -v dnf)" ] ; then 45 | cmd1="dnf" 46 | cmd2="dnf install -y" 47 | elif [ -n "$(command -v apk)" ] ; then 48 | cmd1="apk" 49 | cmd2="apk add" 50 | else 51 | echo "Error: Not Supported Os" 52 | exit 1 53 | fi 54 | $cmd1 update 55 | $cmd2 "$@" 56 | } 57 | 58 | function read_lxc_template(){ 59 | last_lxc_version=$(curl -Ls "https://api.github.com/repos/LloydAsp/OsMutation/releases/latest" | grep "LXC" | grep '"tag_name":' | sed -E 's/.*"([^"]+)".*/\1/') 60 | if [[ -n $last_lxc_version ]]; then 61 | image_list=$(curl -Ls "https://api.github.com/repos/LloydAsp/OsMutation/releases/latest" | grep "LXC" | grep '"browser_download_url":' | sed -E 's/.*"([^"]+)".*/\1/') 62 | 63 | os_list=$(curl -Ls "https://api.github.com/repos/LloydAsp/OsMutation/releases/latest" | grep "LXC" | grep '"browser_download_url":' | sed -E 's/.*"([^"]+)".*/\1/' | sed "s/https\:\/\/github.com\/LloydAsp\/OsMutation\/releases\/download\/${last_lxc_version}\///g" | sed "s/\.tar\.gz//g") 64 | echo "$os_list" | nl 65 | 66 | while [ -z "${os_index##*[!0-9]*}" ]; do 67 | echo -ne "\e[1;33mplease select os (input number):\e[m" 68 | read os_index 69 | done 70 | 71 | download_link=$(echo "$image_list" | head -n $os_index | tail -n 1) 72 | else 73 | server=http://images.linuxcontainers.org 74 | path=$(wget -qO- ${server}/meta/1.0/index-system | \ 75 | grep -v edge | grep default | \ 76 | awk '-F;' '(( $1=="debian" || $1=="centos" || $1=="alpine") && ( $3=="amd64" || $3=="i386")) {print $NF}') 77 | 78 | os_list=$( echo "$path" | sed -E 's%/images/(.*)/default/.*/%\1%g' | sed 's%/%-%g' ) 79 | echo "$os_list" | nl 80 | 81 | while [ -z "${os_index##*[!0-9]*}" ]; do 82 | echo -ne "\e[1;33mplease select os (input number):\e[m" 83 | read os_index 84 | done 85 | 86 | path=$( echo "$path" | head -n $os_index | tail -n 1) 87 | os_selected=$(echo "$os_list" | head -n $os_index | tail -n 1 ) 88 | download_link=${server}/${path}/rootfs.tar.xz 89 | fi 90 | } 91 | 92 | 93 | function download_rootfs(){ 94 | cd /oldroot; 95 | rm -rf $(ls /oldroot | grep -vE "(^dev|^proc|^sys|^run|^x)") ; 96 | 97 | #rootfs.tar.xz 98 | wget -qO- $download_link | tar -C /oldroot -xJv --delay-directory-restore --exclude="dev" --exclude="proc" --exclude="run" --exclude="sys" 99 | } 100 | 101 | 102 | function migrate_configuration(){ 103 | dest_os_dir="$1" 104 | # save root password and ssh directory 105 | sed -i '/^root:/d' "/$dest_os_dir/etc/shadow" 106 | grep '^root:' /etc/shadow >> "/$dest_os_dir/etc/shadow" 107 | [ -d /root/.ssh ] && cp -a "/root/.ssh" "/$dest_os_dir/root/" 108 | mkdir -p "/$dest_os_dir/etc/udev/rules.d/" 109 | [ -f /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules ] && cp -a "/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules" "/$dest_os_dir/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules" 110 | 111 | # save network configuration 112 | dev=$(ip route get 8.8.8.8 | sed -n 's/.*dev \([^\ ]*\).*/\1/p' | head -n 1) 113 | [ -d "/$dest_os_dir/etc/network/" ] || mkdir -p "/$dest_os_dir/etc/network/" 114 | ipaddr_with_mask=$(ip addr show dev $dev | sed -nE '/global/s/.*inet (.+) brd.*$/\1/p' | head -n 1) 115 | hostname=$(hostname) 116 | route_part="$(ip route show default 0.0.0.0/0 | sed -E 's/^(.*dev [^ ]+).*$/\1/')" 117 | gateway_line="up ip route add $route_part" 118 | 119 | # manual save network 120 | if [ -f /etc/network/interfaces ] && grep static /etc/network/interfaces > /dev/null ; then 121 | cp -rf /etc/network/interfaces "/$dest_os_dir/etc/network/interfaces" 122 | else 123 | cat > "/$dest_os_dir/etc/network/interfaces" <<- EOF 124 | auto lo 125 | iface lo inet loopback 126 | 127 | auto $dev 128 | iface $dev inet static 129 | address $ipaddr_with_mask 130 | $gateway_line 131 | 132 | hostname $hostname 133 | EOF 134 | fi 135 | 136 | rm "/$dest_os_dir/etc/resolv.conf" 137 | cat > "/$dest_os_dir/etc/resolv.conf" <<- EOF 138 | nameserver 8.8.8.8 139 | nameserver 2001:4860:4860::8888 140 | EOF 141 | } 142 | 143 | function chroot_run(){ 144 | if grep -qi alpine /x/etc/issue; then 145 | chroot "/x/" sh -c "[ -f /bin/bash ] || apk add bash" 146 | fi 147 | chroot "/x/" /bin/bash -c "$*" 148 | } 149 | 150 | change_hostname() { 151 | local new_hostname="$1" 152 | local os_release 153 | 154 | # Detect the Linux distribution 155 | if [ -f "/etc/alpine-release" ]; then 156 | os_release="alpine" 157 | elif [ -f "/etc/debian_version" ]; then 158 | os_release="debian" 159 | elif [ -f "/etc/centos-release" ]; then 160 | os_release="centos" 161 | else 162 | echo "Unsupported Linux distribution." 163 | return 1 164 | fi 165 | 166 | # Change hostname based on distribution 167 | case "$os_release" in 168 | "alpine") 169 | echo "$new_hostname" > /etc/hostname 170 | hostname -F /etc/hostname 171 | ;; 172 | "debian") 173 | echo "$new_hostname" > /etc/hostname 174 | hostnamectl set-hostname "$new_hostname" 175 | ;; 176 | "centos") 177 | echo "NETWORKING=yes" > /etc/sysconfig/network 178 | echo "HOSTNAME=$new_hostname" >> /etc/sysconfig/network 179 | hostnamectl set-hostname "$new_hostname" 180 | ;; 181 | esac 182 | 183 | echo "Hostname changed to $new_hostname. Please restart your system to apply changes." 184 | } 185 | 186 | 187 | function post_install(){ 188 | export PATH="/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin" 189 | 190 | root_partition="$(df / | awk 'NR==2 {print $1}')" 191 | root_partition_type="$(df -T / | awk 'NR==2 {print $2}')" 192 | target_disk=$(echo "$root_partition" | sed 's/[0-9]*$//') 193 | echo "$root_partition / $root_partition_type defaults 0 1" > /etc/fstab 194 | mkdir -p /boot/grub 195 | 196 | if grep -qi alpine /etc/issue; then 197 | install openssh bash 198 | rc-update add sshd default 199 | rc-update add mdev sysinit 200 | rc-update add devfs sysinit 201 | apk add ifupdown-ng 202 | rc-update add networking default 203 | sed -i 's/--auto/-a/' /etc/init.d/networking # fix bug in networking script of lxc 204 | change_hostname alpine 205 | install grub grub-bios linux-lts 206 | echo 'GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet rootfstype=ext4 modules=sd-mod,usb-storage,ext4"' >> /etc/default/grub 207 | grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg 208 | elif grep -qi debian /etc/issue; then 209 | install ssh ifupdown 210 | systemctl disable systemd-networkd.service 211 | change_hostname debian 212 | install fdisk linux-image-generic grub-pc 213 | grub-install "$target_disk" 214 | update-grub 215 | #upgrade-from-grub-legacy 216 | elif grep -qi centos /etc/issue; then 217 | install openssh ifupdown 218 | systemctl disable systemd-networkd.service 219 | change_hostname centos 220 | install fdisk linux-image-generic grub-pc 221 | grub-install "$target_disk" 222 | update-grub 223 | #upgrade-from-grub-legacy 224 | fi 225 | echo PermitRootLogin yes >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config 226 | rm -rf /x 227 | sync 228 | } 229 | 230 | function install_requirement(){ 231 | if [ -n "$(command -v apk)" ] ; then 232 | install curl sed gawk wget gzip xz tar virt-what 233 | else 234 | install curl sed gawk wget gzip xz-utils virt-what 235 | fi 236 | } 237 | 238 | function clean_old_system(){ 239 | pkill -9 -f systemd 240 | # and all remaining process using kill -9 PID PID PID PID PID PID ... EXCEPT the SSH you're actually using! 241 | # 这里好像还需要清理其他进程才行 242 | while true; do 243 | (mount | tac | grep oldroot | cut -d' ' -f3 | xargs umount) || break 244 | done 245 | } 246 | 247 | function main(){ 248 | print_help 249 | echo -e '\e[1;32minstall requirement...\e[m' 250 | install_requirement 251 | 252 | read_lxc_template 253 | 254 | echo -e '\e[1;32mClean old system\e[m' 255 | clean_old_system 256 | 257 | echo -e '\e[1;32mdownloading template...\e[m' 258 | download_rootfs 259 | 260 | echo -e '\e[1;32mmigrating configuration\e[m' 261 | migrate_configuration oldroot 262 | } 263 | 264 | function make_temp_os(){ 265 | # prevent no access on ipv6 only vps 266 | ping -c 3 api.github.com || echo "nameserver 2a00:1098:2c::1" > /etc/resolv.conf 267 | 268 | temp_os_url='https://github.com/LloydAsp/templates/releases/download/v1.0.0/alpine-takeover.tar.gz' 269 | mkdir -p /x 270 | mount -t tmpfs tmpfs /x -o size=150M 271 | if [ -n "$(command -v wget)" ] ; then 272 | wget -qO- $temp_os_url | tar -C /x -xz 273 | elif [ -n "$(command -v curl)" ] ; then 274 | curl -sL $temp_os_url | tar -C /x -xz 275 | else 276 | install wget 277 | wget -qO- $temp_os_url | tar -C /x -xz 278 | fi 279 | 280 | mv /x/takeover/* /x 281 | 282 | # backup configuration 283 | migrate_configuration x 284 | 285 | # don't run follow 286 | cp OsMutationKvm.sh /x/ 287 | cp OsMutationKvm.sh / 288 | 289 | cd /x 290 | curl -qo takeover.sh https://raw.githubusercontent.com/LloydAsp/OsMutation/main/takeover.sh 291 | chmod u+x takeover.sh 292 | ./takeover.sh 293 | # Note: disk entry "/" has changed now. 294 | 295 | /busybox chroot . apk add bash 296 | /busybox chroot . env main=1 /OsMutationKvm.sh 297 | 298 | echo -e '\e[1;32mpost processing...\e[m' 299 | /busybox cp /OsMutationKvm.sh /oldroot 300 | /busybox chroot /oldroot apk add bash &> /dev/null # for alpine 301 | /busybox chroot /oldroot env postinstall=1 /OsMutationKvm.sh 302 | 303 | while [ "$reboot_ans" != 'yes' -a "$reboot_ans" != 'no' ] ; do 304 | echo -ne "\e[1;33mreboot now? (yes/no):\e[m" 305 | read reboot_ans 306 | done 307 | 308 | if [ "$reboot_ans" == 'yes' ] ; then 309 | reboot -f 310 | fi 311 | } 312 | 313 | 314 | if [ -n "$main" ]; then 315 | main 316 | exit 0 317 | fi 318 | 319 | if [ -n "$postinstall" ]; then 320 | post_install 2>&1 | tee reinstall.log 321 | exit 0 322 | fi 323 | 324 | 325 | make_temp_os 2>&1 | tee reinstall.log -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /LICENSE: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE 2 | Version 3, 29 June 2007 3 | 4 | Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 5 | Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies 6 | of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. 7 | 8 | Preamble 9 | 10 | The GNU General Public License is a free, copyleft license for 11 | software and other kinds of works. 12 | 13 | The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed 14 | to take away your freedom to share and change the works. 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Such new versions will 567 | be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to 568 | address new problems or concerns. 569 | 570 | Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the 571 | Program specifies that a certain numbered version of the GNU General 572 | Public License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the 573 | option of following the terms and conditions either of that numbered 574 | version or of any later version published by the Free Software 575 | Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of the 576 | GNU General Public License, you may choose any version ever published 577 | by the Free Software Foundation. 578 | 579 | If the Program specifies that a proxy can decide which future 580 | versions of the GNU General Public License can be used, that proxy's 581 | public statement of acceptance of a version permanently authorizes you 582 | to choose that version for the Program. 583 | 584 | Later license versions may give you additional or different 585 | permissions. However, no additional obligations are imposed on any 586 | author or copyright holder as a result of your choosing to follow a 587 | later version. 588 | 589 | 15. Disclaimer of Warranty. 590 | 591 | THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY 592 | APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT 593 | HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY 594 | OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, 595 | THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR 596 | PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM 597 | IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF 598 | ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION. 599 | 600 | 16. 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Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16. 613 | 614 | If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided 615 | above cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms, 616 | reviewing courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates 617 | an absolute waiver of all civil liability in connection with the 618 | Program, unless a warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a 619 | copy of the Program in return for a fee. 620 | 621 | END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS 622 | 623 | How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs 624 | 625 | If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest 626 | possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it 627 | free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms. 628 | 629 | To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest 630 | to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively 631 | state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least 632 | the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found. 633 | 634 | 635 | Copyright (C) 636 | 637 | This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify 638 | it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by 639 | the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or 640 | (at your option) any later version. 641 | 642 | This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 643 | but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 644 | MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 645 | GNU General Public License for more details. 646 | 647 | You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License 648 | along with this program. If not, see . 649 | 650 | Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail. 651 | 652 | If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short 653 | notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode: 654 | 655 | Copyright (C) 656 | This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'. 657 | This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it 658 | under certain conditions; type `show c' for details. 659 | 660 | The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate 661 | parts of the General Public License. Of course, your program's commands 662 | might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an "about box". 663 | 664 | You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school, 665 | if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary. 666 | For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see 667 | . 668 | 669 | The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program 670 | into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you 671 | may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with 672 | the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General 673 | Public License instead of this License. But first, please read 674 | . 675 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------