├── LICENSE ├── README.rst ├── docker templates └── docker-stack.yml └── images ├── docker-containers.png ├── docker-plugin.jpg ├── docker-stack.png └── docker-vs-hypervisor.jpg /LICENSE: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | Apache License 2 | Version 2.0, January 2004 3 | http://www.apache.org/licenses/ 4 | 5 | TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR USE, REPRODUCTION, AND DISTRIBUTION 6 | 7 | 1. Definitions. 8 | 9 | "License" shall mean the terms and conditions for use, reproduction, 10 | and distribution as defined by Sections 1 through 9 of this document. 11 | 12 | "Licensor" shall mean the copyright owner or entity authorized by 13 | the copyright owner that is granting the License. 14 | 15 | "Legal Entity" shall mean the union of the acting entity and all 16 | other entities that control, are controlled by, or are under common 17 | control with that entity. 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Then, 39 | we will explain how to successfully deploy your docker containers with Openstack Heat. 40 | 41 | All the steps of installation and deployment are described in details. 42 | Hope our step by step instructions are easy to follow, even for beginners. 43 | 44 | 45 | What Is Docker? 46 | =============== 47 | 48 | Docker is an open source project to automatically deploy applications into containers. 49 | It commoditizes the well known LXC (Linux Container) solution that provides operating system 50 | level virtualization and allows to run multiple containers on the same server. 51 | 52 | To make a simple analogy, a Docker is like an hypervisor. But unlike traditional Vms, 53 | docker containers are lightweight as they don’t run OSes but share the host’s operating system (see the figure below). 54 | 55 | A docker container is also portable, it hosts the application and its dependencies and it is able 56 | to be deployed or relocated on any Linux server. 57 | 58 | .. image:: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MarouenMechtri/Docker-containers-deployment-with-OpenStack-Heat/master/images/docker-vs-hypervisor.jpg 59 | 60 | The Docker element that manages containers and deploys applications on them is called Docker Engine. 61 | 62 | The second component of Docker is Docker Hub. We found it really Awesome ! 63 | It's the Docker's repository of application. You can share your application with your team 64 | members and you can ship and run it anywhere... It's really amazing :) 65 | 66 | It was a quick introduction to Docker ! Now, let's see how to use it with OpenStack ;) 67 | 68 | OpenStack and Docker 69 | ==================== 70 | 71 | Openstack can be easily enhanced by docker plugins. 72 | Docker can be integrated into OpenStack Nova as a form of hypervisor (Containers used as VMs). 73 | But there is a better way to use Docker with OpenStack. 74 | It to orchestrate containers with OpenStack Heat ! 75 | 76 | You have just to install the docker plugin on Heat and you will be able to create 77 | containers and deploy your applications on the top of them. 78 | You need to identify the required resources, edit your template and deploy it on Heat. Your stack will be created! 79 | (For detailed information on Heat and template creation, you can see our `Heat usage guide `_). 80 | 81 | 82 | If you want to test Docker with Heat, we recommand you to deploy OpenStack using a flat networking model (see `our guide `_). 83 | One issue we encountered when we considered a multi-node architecture with isolated neutron networks is that 84 | instances were not able to signal to Heat. So, stack creation fails because it depends on 85 | connectivity from VMs to the Heat engine. 86 | 87 | The figure below shows the communication between Heat, Nova, Docker and the instance when creating a stack. 88 | In this example we have deployed apache and mysql on two Docker containers. Stack deployment fails 89 | if the signal (3) can not reach Heat API. 90 | 91 | I think this limitation will be overcome in the next versions to allow 92 | users using isolated neutron networks to deploy and test Docker! 93 | 94 | But now you can enjoy docker on OpenStack with Flat-networking ;) 95 | 96 | 97 | .. image:: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MarouenMechtri/Docker-containers-deployment-with-OpenStack-Heat/master/images/docker-plugin.jpg 98 | 99 | Deploy Docker containers with OpenStack Heat 100 | ============================================ 101 | 102 | Now that we have discussed about Docker and Heat, let's move to practice ! 103 | We will show you how to install the Docker plugin, how to write your template and how to deploy it with Heat ;) 104 | 105 | 106 | Install the Docker Plugin 107 | ------------------------- 108 | 109 | * To get the Docker plugin, download the Heat folder available on GitHub:: 110 | 111 | download heat (the ZIP folder) from here 112 | https://github.com/openstack/heat/tree/stable/icehouse 113 | 114 | * Unzip it:: 115 | 116 | unzip heat-stable-icehouse.zip 117 | 118 | 119 | * Remove the tests folder to avoid conflicts:: 120 | 121 | cd heat-stable-icehouse/contrib/ 122 | rm -rf docker/docker/tests 123 | 124 | * create a new directory under /usr/lib/heat/:: 125 | 126 | mkdir /usr/lib/heat 127 | mkdir /usr/lib/heat/docker-plugin 128 | 129 | * Copy the docker plugin under your new directory:: 130 | 131 | cp -r docker/* /usr/lib/heat/docker-plugin 132 | 133 | * Now, install the docker plugin:: 134 | 135 | cd /usr/lib/heat/docker-plugin 136 | apt-get install python-pip 137 | pip install -r requirements.txt 138 | 139 | 140 | * Edit /etc/heat/heat.conf file:: 141 | 142 | vi /etc/heat/heat.conf 143 | (add) 144 | plugin_dirs=/usr/lib/heat/docker-plugin/docker 145 | 146 | 147 | * Restart services:: 148 | 149 | service heat-api restart 150 | service heat-api-cfn restart 151 | service heat-engine restart 152 | 153 | 154 | * Check that the DockerInc\::Docker\::Container resource was successfully added and appears in your resource list:: 155 | 156 | heat resource-type-list | grep Docker 157 | 158 | 159 | Create your Heat template 160 | ------------------------- 161 | 162 | Before editing the template, let's discuss a bit about the content and the resources we will define ;) 163 | 164 | In this example, we want to dockerize and deploy a lamp application. So, we will create a docker 165 | container running apache with php and another one running mysql database. 166 | 167 | We define an OS::Heat::SoftwareConfig resource that describes the configuration and an OS::Heat::SoftwareDeployment resource to 168 | deploy configs on OS::Nova::Server (the Docker server). We associate 169 | a floating IP to the Docker server to be able to connect to Internet ( using OS::Nova::FloatingIP and OS::Nova::FloatingIPAssociation resources). 170 | Then, we create two docker containers of type DockerInc::Docker::Container on the Docker host. 171 | 172 | Note: here we provide a simple template, many other interseting parameters ( port_bindings, name, links...) can enhance 173 | the template and enable more sophisticated use of Docker. These parameters are not supported by the current Docker plugin. 174 | We will provide more complex templates with the next plugin version. 175 | 176 | Now let's edit our template! 177 | 178 | * Create template in the docker-stack.yml file with the following content:: 179 | 180 | vi docker-stack.yml 181 | 182 | heat_template_version: 2013-05-23 183 | 184 | description: > 185 | Dockerize a multi-node application with OpenStack Heat. 186 | This template defines two docker containers running 187 | apache with php and mysql database. 188 | 189 | parameters: 190 | key: 191 | type: string 192 | description: > 193 | Name of a KeyPair to enable SSH access to the instance. Note that the 194 | default user is ec2-user. 195 | default: key1 196 | 197 | flavor: 198 | type: string 199 | description: Instance type for the docker server. 200 | default: m1.medium 201 | 202 | image: 203 | type: string 204 | description: > 205 | Name or ID of the image to use for the Docker server. This needs to be 206 | built with os-collect-config tools from a fedora base image. 207 | default: fedora-software-config 208 | 209 | public_net: 210 | type: string 211 | description: name of public network for which floating IP addresses will be allocated. 212 | default: nova 213 | 214 | resources: 215 | configuration: 216 | type: OS::Heat::SoftwareConfig 217 | properties: 218 | group: script 219 | config: | 220 | #!/bin/bash -v 221 | setenforce 0 222 | yum -y install docker-io 223 | cp /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service /etc/systemd/system/ 224 | sed -i -e '/ExecStart/ { s,fd://,tcp://0.0.0.0:2375, }' /etc/systemd/system/docker.service 225 | systemctl start docker.service 226 | docker -H :2375 pull marouen/mysql 227 | docker -H :2375 pull marouen/apache 228 | 229 | deployment: 230 | type: OS::Heat::SoftwareDeployment 231 | properties: 232 | config: {get_resource: configuration} 233 | server: {get_resource: docker_server} 234 | 235 | docker_server: 236 | type: OS::Nova::Server 237 | properties: 238 | key_name: {get_param: key} 239 | image: { get_param: image } 240 | flavor: { get_param: flavor} 241 | user_data_format: SOFTWARE_CONFIG 242 | 243 | server_floating_ip: 244 | type: OS::Nova::FloatingIP 245 | properties: 246 | pool: { get_param: public_net} 247 | 248 | associate_floating_ip: 249 | type: OS::Nova::FloatingIPAssociation 250 | properties: 251 | floating_ip: { get_resource: server_floating_ip} 252 | server_id: { get_resource: docker_server} 253 | 254 | mysql: 255 | type: DockerInc::Docker::Container 256 | depends_on: [deployment] 257 | properties: 258 | image: marouen/mysql 259 | port_specs: 260 | - 3306 261 | docker_endpoint: 262 | str_replace: 263 | template: http://host:2375 264 | params: 265 | host: {get_attr: [docker_server, networks, private, 0]} 266 | 267 | apache: 268 | type: DockerInc::Docker::Container 269 | depends_on: [mysql] 270 | properties: 271 | image: marouen/apache 272 | port_specs: 273 | - 80 274 | docker_endpoint: 275 | str_replace: 276 | template: http://host:2375 277 | params: 278 | host: {get_attr: [docker_server, networks, private, 0]} 279 | 280 | outputs: 281 | url: 282 | description: Public address of apache 283 | value: 284 | str_replace: 285 | template: http://host 286 | params: 287 | host: {get_attr: [docker_server, networks, private, 0]} 288 | 289 | 290 | Deploy your stack 291 | ----------------- 292 | 293 | Pre-deployment 294 | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 295 | 296 | * Create a simple credential file:: 297 | 298 | vi creds 299 | #Paste the following: 300 | export OS_TENANT_NAME=admin 301 | export OS_USERNAME=admin 302 | export OS_PASSWORD=admin_pass 303 | export OS_AUTH_URL="http://controller:5000/v2.0/" 304 | 305 | * To create a fedora based image, we followed the steps bellow `(source via this link) `_:: 306 | 307 | 308 | git clone https://git.openstack.org/openstack/diskimage-builder.git 309 | git clone https://git.openstack.org/openstack/tripleo-image-elements.git 310 | git clone https://git.openstack.org/openstack/heat-templates.git 311 | git clone https://git.openstack.org/openstack/dib-utils.git 312 | export PATH="${PWD}/dib-utils/bin:$PATH" 313 | export ELEMENTS_PATH=tripleo-image-elements/elements:heat-templates/hot/software-config/elements 314 | diskimage-builder/bin/disk-image-create vm \ 315 | fedora selinux-permissive \ 316 | os-collect-config \ 317 | os-refresh-config \ 318 | os-apply-config \ 319 | heat-config-ansible \ 320 | heat-config-cfn-init \ 321 | heat-config-docker \ 322 | heat-config-puppet \ 323 | heat-config-salt \ 324 | heat-config-script \ 325 | -o fedora-software-config.qcow2 326 | glance image-create --disk-format qcow2 --container-format bare --name fedora-software-config < \ 327 | fedora-software-config.qcow2 328 | 329 | * If you didn't created a key, use these commands:: 330 | 331 | ssh-keygen 332 | nova keypair-add --pub-key ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub key1 333 | 334 | * Add rules to the default security group to enable the access to the docker server:: 335 | 336 | # Permit ICMP (ping): 337 | nova secgroup-add-rule default icmp -1 -1 0.0.0.0/0 338 | 339 | # Permit secure shell (SSH) access: 340 | nova secgroup-add-rule default tcp 22 22 0.0.0.0/0 341 | 342 | # Permit 2375 port access (Docker endpoint): 343 | nova secgroup-add-rule default tcp 2375 2375 0.0.0.0/0 344 | 345 | 346 | * If you need to create a new private network, use these commands:: 347 | 348 | source creds 349 | 350 | #Create a private network: 351 | nova network-create private --bridge br100 --multi-host T --dns1 8.8.8.8 \ 352 | --gateway 172.16.0.1 --fixed-range-v4 172.16.0.0/24 353 | 354 | * Create a floating IP pool to connect instances to Internet:: 355 | 356 | nova-manage floating create --pool=nova --ip_range=192.168.100.100/28 357 | 358 | 359 | Create your stack 360 | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 361 | 362 | * Create a stack from the template (file available `here `_):: 363 | 364 | source creds 365 | 366 | heat stack-create -f docker-stack.yml docker-stack 367 | 368 | 369 | * Verify that the stack was created:: 370 | 371 | heat stack-list 372 | 373 | 374 | It could take some minutes, so just wait ... 375 | 376 | Here is a snapshot of the Horizon dashboard interface after stack launching: 377 | 378 | .. image:: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MarouenMechtri/Docker-containers-deployment-with-OpenStack-Heat/master/images/docker-stack.png 379 | 380 | 381 | * To check that your containers are created:: 382 | 383 | ssh ec2-user@192.168.100.97 384 | 385 | sudo docker -H :2375 ps 386 | 387 | 388 | .. image:: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MarouenMechtri/Docker-containers-deployment-with-OpenStack-Heat/master/images/docker-containers.png 389 | 390 | That's it! you can now play with your Docker containers ;) 391 | Please get back to us if you have any question. 392 | 393 | 394 | License 395 | ======= 396 | Institut Mines Télécom - Télécom SudParis 397 | 398 | Copyright (C) 2014 Authors 399 | 400 | Original Authors - Marouen Mechtri and Chaima Ghribi 401 | 402 | Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); 403 | you may not use this file except 404 | 405 | in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:: 406 | 407 | http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 408 | 409 | Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software 410 | distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, 411 | WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. 412 | See the License for the specific language governing permissions and 413 | limitations under the License. 414 | 415 | 416 | Contacts 417 | ======== 418 | 419 | Marouen Mechtri : marouen.mechtri@it-sudparis.eu 420 | 421 | Chaima Ghribi: chaima.ghribi@it-sudparis.eu 422 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /docker templates/docker-stack.yml: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | heat_template_version: 2013-05-23 2 | 3 | description: > 4 | Dockerize a multi-node application with OpenStack Heat. 5 | This template defines two docker containers running 6 | apache with php and mysql database. 7 | 8 | parameters: 9 | key: 10 | type: string 11 | description: > 12 | Name of a KeyPair to enable SSH access to the instance. Note that the 13 | default user is ec2-user. 14 | default: key1 15 | 16 | flavor: 17 | type: string 18 | description: Instance type for the docker server. 19 | default: m1.medium 20 | 21 | image: 22 | type: string 23 | description: > 24 | Name or ID of the image to use for the Docker server. This needs to be 25 | built with os-collect-config tools from a fedora base image. 26 | default: fedora-software-config 27 | 28 | public_net: 29 | type: string 30 | description: name of public network for which floating IP addresses will be allocated. 31 | default: nova 32 | 33 | resources: 34 | configuration: 35 | type: OS::Heat::SoftwareConfig 36 | properties: 37 | group: script 38 | config: | 39 | #!/bin/bash -v 40 | setenforce 0 41 | yum -y install docker-io 42 | cp /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service /etc/systemd/system/ 43 | sed -i -e '/ExecStart/ { s,fd://,tcp://0.0.0.0:2375, }' /etc/systemd/system/docker.service 44 | systemctl start docker.service 45 | docker -H :2375 pull marouen/mysql 46 | docker -H :2375 pull marouen/apache 47 | 48 | deployment: 49 | type: OS::Heat::SoftwareDeployment 50 | properties: 51 | config: {get_resource: configuration} 52 | server: {get_resource: docker_server} 53 | 54 | docker_server: 55 | type: OS::Nova::Server 56 | properties: 57 | key_name: {get_param: key} 58 | image: { get_param: image } 59 | flavor: { get_param: flavor} 60 | user_data_format: SOFTWARE_CONFIG 61 | 62 | server_floating_ip: 63 | type: OS::Nova::FloatingIP 64 | properties: 65 | pool: { get_param: public_net} 66 | 67 | associate_floating_ip: 68 | type: OS::Nova::FloatingIPAssociation 69 | properties: 70 | floating_ip: { get_resource: server_floating_ip} 71 | server_id: { get_resource: docker_server} 72 | 73 | mysql: 74 | type: DockerInc::Docker::Container 75 | depends_on: [deployment] 76 | properties: 77 | image: marouen/mysql 78 | port_specs: 79 | - 3306 80 | docker_endpoint: 81 | str_replace: 82 | template: http://host:2375 83 | params: 84 | host: {get_attr: [docker_server, networks, private, 0]} 85 | 86 | apache: 87 | type: DockerInc::Docker::Container 88 | depends_on: [mysql] 89 | properties: 90 | image: marouen/apache 91 | port_specs: 92 | - 80 93 | docker_endpoint: 94 | str_replace: 95 | template: http://host:2375 96 | params: 97 | host: {get_attr: [docker_server, networks, private, 0]} 98 | 99 | outputs: 100 | url: 101 | description: Public address of apache 102 | value: 103 | str_replace: 104 | template: http://host 105 | params: 106 | host: {get_attr: [docker_server, networks, private, 0]} -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /images/docker-containers.png: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MarouenMechtri/Docker-containers-deployment-with-OpenStack-Heat/556fe16bbac660e8ca1bb4b740b052a4ec2187b6/images/docker-containers.png -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /images/docker-plugin.jpg: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MarouenMechtri/Docker-containers-deployment-with-OpenStack-Heat/556fe16bbac660e8ca1bb4b740b052a4ec2187b6/images/docker-plugin.jpg -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /images/docker-stack.png: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MarouenMechtri/Docker-containers-deployment-with-OpenStack-Heat/556fe16bbac660e8ca1bb4b740b052a4ec2187b6/images/docker-stack.png -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /images/docker-vs-hypervisor.jpg: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MarouenMechtri/Docker-containers-deployment-with-OpenStack-Heat/556fe16bbac660e8ca1bb4b740b052a4ec2187b6/images/docker-vs-hypervisor.jpg --------------------------------------------------------------------------------