├── .gitignore ├── README.md ├── build.gradle ├── gradle └── wrapper │ ├── gradle-wrapper.jar │ └── gradle-wrapper.properties ├── gradlew ├── gradlew.bat ├── library ├── .classpath ├── .gitignore ├── .project ├── AndroidManifest.xml ├── build.gradle ├── build.xml ├── proguard-project.txt ├── project.properties ├── res │ ├── drawable-hdpi │ │ ├── ic_error_network.png │ │ └── ic_error_unkown.png │ ├── drawable-mdpi │ │ ├── ic_error_network.png │ │ └── ic_error_unkown.png │ ├── drawable-xhdpi │ │ ├── ic_error_network.png │ │ └── ic_error_unkown.png │ ├── drawable │ │ ├── btn_retry.xml │ │ └── color_retry_button.xml │ ├── layout │ │ ├── msv__error_network.xml │ │ ├── msv__error_unknown.xml │ │ └── msv__loading.xml │ ├── values-fr │ │ └── msv__strings.xml │ └── values │ │ ├── msv__attrs.xml │ │ ├── msv__strings.xml │ │ └── msv__styles.xml └── src │ └── com │ └── meetme │ └── android │ └── multistateview │ └── MultiStateView.java ├── sample ├── build.gradle ├── proguard-rules.txt └── src │ └── main │ ├── AndroidManifest.xml │ ├── java │ └── com │ │ └── meetme │ │ └── android │ │ └── multistateview │ │ └── sample │ │ └── MainActivity.java │ └── res │ ├── drawable-hdpi │ └── ic_launcher.png │ ├── drawable-mdpi │ └── ic_launcher.png │ ├── drawable-xhdpi │ └── ic_launcher.png │ ├── drawable-xxhdpi │ └── ic_launcher.png │ ├── layout │ └── activity_main.xml │ ├── menu │ └── main.xml │ ├── values-w820dp │ └── dimens.xml │ └── values │ ├── dimens.xml │ ├── strings.xml │ └── styles.xml ├── screenshots ├── sample_content.png ├── sample_general_error.png ├── sample_loading.png └── sample_network_error.png └── settings.gradle /.gitignore: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | build/ 2 | .gradle/ 3 | *.iml 4 | local.properties 5 | .idea/ 6 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # MultiStateView 2 | Handles multiple display states for data-centric views 3 | 4 | - Content state; shows the inner content of the View (as defined in XML) 5 | - Loading state; shows a Loading state (as specified either via the `loadingLayout` attribute, or the default layout (`res/layout/msv__loading.xml`) 6 | 7 | The following shows examples (using default layouts) for **Loading**, **General Error**, **Network Error**, and the **Content** states (where we've made the "Hello World" the content) in respective order. 8 | 9 | ![Loading state](screenshots/sample_loading.png)  ![General error state](screenshots/sample_general_error.png) 10 | 11 | ![Network error state](screenshots/sample_network_error.png)  ![Content state](screenshots/sample_content.png) 12 | 13 | ## Usage 14 | 15 | - For whatever `View` you want to switch out with `MultiStateView`, wrap the `View` in a `MultiStateView` node. 16 | - In code, get your reference to the child of `MultiStateView` via `MultiStateView#getContentView()` and cast that value as needed. There's no good reason to put an `android:id` on the child `View`. 17 | 18 | **Example** 19 | 20 | - Assuming you're starting with: 21 | 22 | ```xml 23 | 28 | 29 | 33 | 34 | 35 | ``` 36 | 37 | - You should end up with something like: 38 | 39 | ```xml 40 | 45 | 46 | 50 | 51 | 54 | 55 | 56 | 57 | 58 | ``` 59 | 60 | **Example Notes** 61 | 0. `android:id="@+id/list"` was moved from the `ListView` to the `MultiStateView` 62 | 0. It was also renamed to `list_container` to note that it now is the parent of the `ListView` 63 | 0. Any references in code should now use `MultiStateView#getContentView()` casted to `ListView` to reference the `ListView` child. There's no good reason to put an `id` on the `ListView`. See below. 64 | 65 | - In code, 66 | 67 | ```java 68 | ListView list = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.list); 69 | ``` 70 | 71 | - Becomes 72 | 73 | ```java 74 | MultiStateView container = (MultiStateView) findViewById(R.id.list_container); 75 | ListView list = (ListView) container.getContentView(); 76 | ``` 77 | 78 | - To control the state of the `MultiStateView`, use the `MultiStateView#setState(State)` method. 79 | 80 | ```java 81 | container.setState(State.LOADING); 82 | ``` 83 | 84 | - By default, "Loading" indication uses the loading layout provided in the library (`res/layout/msv__loading.xml`). To customize, you can add the custom attribute `msvLoadingLayout` to the `MultiStateView` in XML with a reference to the layout to inflate. 85 | 86 | ## Contributors 87 | - [Dallas Gutauckis](http://github.com/dallasgutauckis) 88 | 89 | ## License 90 | 91 | Apache 2.0 92 | 93 | Copyright 2013 MeetMe, Inc. 94 | 95 | Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); 96 | you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. 97 | You may obtain a copy of the License at 98 | 99 | http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 100 | 101 | Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software 102 | distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, 103 | WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. 104 | See the License for the specific language governing permissions and 105 | limitations under the License. 106 | 107 | ## Contributing 108 | 109 | To make contributions, fork this repository, commit your changes, and submit a pull request. 110 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /build.gradle: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | buildscript { 2 | repositories { 3 | mavenCentral() 4 | } 5 | dependencies { 6 | classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:1.3.1' 7 | } 8 | } 9 | 10 | task wrapper(type: Wrapper) { 11 | gradleVersion = '2.6' 12 | } 13 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.jar: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MeetMe/Android-MultiStateView/02b621661bd38af7a8618933f88e27607bd79358/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.jar -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.properties: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #Wed Sep 16 10:54:32 EDT 2015 2 | distributionBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME 3 | distributionPath=wrapper/dists 4 | zipStoreBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME 5 | zipStorePath=wrapper/dists 6 | distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-2.6-bin.zip 7 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /gradlew: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | 3 | ############################################################################## 4 | ## 5 | ## Gradle start up script for UN*X 6 | ## 7 | ############################################################################## 8 | 9 | # Add default JVM options here. You can also use JAVA_OPTS and GRADLE_OPTS to pass JVM options to this script. 10 | DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS="" 11 | 12 | APP_NAME="Gradle" 13 | APP_BASE_NAME=`basename "$0"` 14 | 15 | # Use the maximum available, or set MAX_FD != -1 to use that value. 16 | MAX_FD="maximum" 17 | 18 | warn ( ) { 19 | echo "$*" 20 | } 21 | 22 | die ( ) { 23 | echo 24 | echo "$*" 25 | echo 26 | exit 1 27 | } 28 | 29 | # OS specific support (must be 'true' or 'false'). 30 | cygwin=false 31 | msys=false 32 | darwin=false 33 | case "`uname`" in 34 | CYGWIN* ) 35 | cygwin=true 36 | ;; 37 | Darwin* ) 38 | darwin=true 39 | ;; 40 | MINGW* ) 41 | msys=true 42 | ;; 43 | esac 44 | 45 | # For Cygwin, ensure paths are in UNIX format before anything is touched. 46 | if $cygwin ; then 47 | [ -n "$JAVA_HOME" ] && JAVA_HOME=`cygpath --unix "$JAVA_HOME"` 48 | fi 49 | 50 | # Attempt to set APP_HOME 51 | # Resolve links: $0 may be a link 52 | PRG="$0" 53 | # Need this for relative symlinks. 54 | while [ -h "$PRG" ] ; do 55 | ls=`ls -ld "$PRG"` 56 | link=`expr "$ls" : '.*-> \(.*\)$'` 57 | if expr "$link" : '/.*' > /dev/null; then 58 | PRG="$link" 59 | else 60 | PRG=`dirname "$PRG"`"/$link" 61 | fi 62 | done 63 | SAVED="`pwd`" 64 | cd "`dirname \"$PRG\"`/" >&- 65 | APP_HOME="`pwd -P`" 66 | cd "$SAVED" >&- 67 | 68 | CLASSPATH=$APP_HOME/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.jar 69 | 70 | # Determine the Java command to use to start the JVM. 71 | if [ -n "$JAVA_HOME" ] ; then 72 | if [ -x "$JAVA_HOME/jre/sh/java" ] ; then 73 | # IBM's JDK on AIX uses strange locations for the executables 74 | JAVACMD="$JAVA_HOME/jre/sh/java" 75 | else 76 | JAVACMD="$JAVA_HOME/bin/java" 77 | fi 78 | if [ ! -x "$JAVACMD" ] ; then 79 | die "ERROR: JAVA_HOME is set to an invalid directory: $JAVA_HOME 80 | 81 | Please set the JAVA_HOME variable in your environment to match the 82 | location of your Java installation." 83 | fi 84 | else 85 | JAVACMD="java" 86 | which java >/dev/null 2>&1 || die "ERROR: JAVA_HOME is not set and no 'java' command could be found in your PATH. 87 | 88 | Please set the JAVA_HOME variable in your environment to match the 89 | location of your Java installation." 90 | fi 91 | 92 | # Increase the maximum file descriptors if we can. 93 | if [ "$cygwin" = "false" -a "$darwin" = "false" ] ; then 94 | MAX_FD_LIMIT=`ulimit -H -n` 95 | if [ $? -eq 0 ] ; then 96 | if [ "$MAX_FD" = "maximum" -o "$MAX_FD" = "max" ] ; then 97 | MAX_FD="$MAX_FD_LIMIT" 98 | fi 99 | ulimit -n $MAX_FD 100 | if [ $? -ne 0 ] ; then 101 | warn "Could not set maximum file descriptor limit: $MAX_FD" 102 | fi 103 | else 104 | warn "Could not query maximum file descriptor limit: $MAX_FD_LIMIT" 105 | fi 106 | fi 107 | 108 | # For Darwin, add options to specify how the application appears in the dock 109 | if $darwin; then 110 | GRADLE_OPTS="$GRADLE_OPTS \"-Xdock:name=$APP_NAME\" \"-Xdock:icon=$APP_HOME/media/gradle.icns\"" 111 | fi 112 | 113 | # For Cygwin, switch paths to Windows format before running java 114 | if $cygwin ; then 115 | APP_HOME=`cygpath --path --mixed "$APP_HOME"` 116 | CLASSPATH=`cygpath --path --mixed "$CLASSPATH"` 117 | 118 | # We build the pattern for arguments to be converted via cygpath 119 | ROOTDIRSRAW=`find -L / -maxdepth 1 -mindepth 1 -type d 2>/dev/null` 120 | SEP="" 121 | for dir in $ROOTDIRSRAW ; do 122 | ROOTDIRS="$ROOTDIRS$SEP$dir" 123 | SEP="|" 124 | done 125 | OURCYGPATTERN="(^($ROOTDIRS))" 126 | # Add a user-defined pattern to the cygpath arguments 127 | if [ "$GRADLE_CYGPATTERN" != "" ] ; then 128 | OURCYGPATTERN="$OURCYGPATTERN|($GRADLE_CYGPATTERN)" 129 | fi 130 | # Now convert the arguments - kludge to limit ourselves to /bin/sh 131 | i=0 132 | for arg in "$@" ; do 133 | CHECK=`echo "$arg"|egrep -c "$OURCYGPATTERN" -` 134 | CHECK2=`echo "$arg"|egrep -c "^-"` ### Determine if an option 135 | 136 | if [ $CHECK -ne 0 ] && [ $CHECK2 -eq 0 ] ; then ### Added a condition 137 | eval `echo args$i`=`cygpath --path --ignore --mixed "$arg"` 138 | else 139 | eval `echo args$i`="\"$arg\"" 140 | fi 141 | i=$((i+1)) 142 | done 143 | case $i in 144 | (0) set -- ;; 145 | (1) set -- "$args0" ;; 146 | (2) set -- "$args0" "$args1" ;; 147 | (3) set -- "$args0" "$args1" "$args2" ;; 148 | (4) set -- "$args0" "$args1" "$args2" "$args3" ;; 149 | (5) set -- "$args0" "$args1" "$args2" "$args3" "$args4" ;; 150 | (6) set -- "$args0" "$args1" "$args2" "$args3" "$args4" "$args5" ;; 151 | (7) set -- "$args0" "$args1" "$args2" "$args3" "$args4" "$args5" "$args6" ;; 152 | (8) set -- "$args0" "$args1" "$args2" "$args3" "$args4" "$args5" "$args6" "$args7" ;; 153 | (9) set -- "$args0" "$args1" "$args2" "$args3" "$args4" "$args5" "$args6" "$args7" "$args8" ;; 154 | esac 155 | fi 156 | 157 | # Split up the JVM_OPTS And GRADLE_OPTS values into an array, following the shell quoting and substitution rules 158 | function splitJvmOpts() { 159 | JVM_OPTS=("$@") 160 | } 161 | eval splitJvmOpts $DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS $JAVA_OPTS $GRADLE_OPTS 162 | JVM_OPTS[${#JVM_OPTS[*]}]="-Dorg.gradle.appname=$APP_BASE_NAME" 163 | 164 | exec "$JAVACMD" "${JVM_OPTS[@]}" -classpath "$CLASSPATH" org.gradle.wrapper.GradleWrapperMain "$@" 165 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /gradlew.bat: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | @if "%DEBUG%" == "" @echo off 2 | @rem ########################################################################## 3 | @rem 4 | @rem Gradle startup script for Windows 5 | @rem 6 | @rem ########################################################################## 7 | 8 | @rem Set local scope for the variables with windows NT shell 9 | if "%OS%"=="Windows_NT" setlocal 10 | 11 | @rem Add default JVM options here. You can also use JAVA_OPTS and GRADLE_OPTS to pass JVM options to this script. 12 | set DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS= 13 | 14 | set DIRNAME=%~dp0 15 | if "%DIRNAME%" == "" set DIRNAME=. 16 | set APP_BASE_NAME=%~n0 17 | set APP_HOME=%DIRNAME% 18 | 19 | @rem Find java.exe 20 | if defined JAVA_HOME goto findJavaFromJavaHome 21 | 22 | set JAVA_EXE=java.exe 23 | %JAVA_EXE% -version >NUL 2>&1 24 | if "%ERRORLEVEL%" == "0" goto init 25 | 26 | echo. 27 | echo ERROR: JAVA_HOME is not set and no 'java' command could be found in your PATH. 28 | echo. 29 | echo Please set the JAVA_HOME variable in your environment to match the 30 | echo location of your Java installation. 31 | 32 | goto fail 33 | 34 | :findJavaFromJavaHome 35 | set JAVA_HOME=%JAVA_HOME:"=% 36 | set JAVA_EXE=%JAVA_HOME%/bin/java.exe 37 | 38 | if exist "%JAVA_EXE%" goto init 39 | 40 | echo. 41 | echo ERROR: JAVA_HOME is set to an invalid directory: %JAVA_HOME% 42 | echo. 43 | echo Please set the JAVA_HOME variable in your environment to match the 44 | echo location of your Java installation. 45 | 46 | goto fail 47 | 48 | :init 49 | @rem Get command-line arguments, handling Windowz variants 50 | 51 | if not "%OS%" == "Windows_NT" goto win9xME_args 52 | if "%@eval[2+2]" == "4" goto 4NT_args 53 | 54 | :win9xME_args 55 | @rem Slurp the command line arguments. 56 | set CMD_LINE_ARGS= 57 | set _SKIP=2 58 | 59 | :win9xME_args_slurp 60 | if "x%~1" == "x" goto execute 61 | 62 | set CMD_LINE_ARGS=%* 63 | goto execute 64 | 65 | :4NT_args 66 | @rem Get arguments from the 4NT Shell from JP Software 67 | set CMD_LINE_ARGS=%$ 68 | 69 | :execute 70 | @rem Setup the command line 71 | 72 | set CLASSPATH=%APP_HOME%\gradle\wrapper\gradle-wrapper.jar 73 | 74 | @rem Execute Gradle 75 | "%JAVA_EXE%" %DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS% %JAVA_OPTS% %GRADLE_OPTS% "-Dorg.gradle.appname=%APP_BASE_NAME%" -classpath "%CLASSPATH%" org.gradle.wrapper.GradleWrapperMain %CMD_LINE_ARGS% 76 | 77 | :end 78 | @rem End local scope for the variables with windows NT shell 79 | if "%ERRORLEVEL%"=="0" goto mainEnd 80 | 81 | :fail 82 | rem Set variable GRADLE_EXIT_CONSOLE if you need the _script_ return code instead of 83 | rem the _cmd.exe /c_ return code! 84 | if not "" == "%GRADLE_EXIT_CONSOLE%" exit 1 85 | exit /b 1 86 | 87 | :mainEnd 88 | if "%OS%"=="Windows_NT" endlocal 89 | 90 | :omega 91 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /library/.classpath: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /library/.gitignore: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | bin 2 | gen 3 | *.apk 4 | *.keystore 5 | .hg/ 6 | local.properties 7 | *.DS_Store 8 | *.BridgeSort 9 | out/ 10 | tmp/ 11 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /library/.project: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2 | 3 | MultiStateView 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | com.android.ide.eclipse.adt.ResourceManagerBuilder 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | com.android.ide.eclipse.adt.PreCompilerBuilder 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | org.eclipse.jdt.core.javabuilder 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | com.android.ide.eclipse.adt.ApkBuilder 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | com.android.ide.eclipse.adt.AndroidNature 31 | org.eclipse.jdt.core.javanature 32 | 33 | 34 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /library/AndroidManifest.xml: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /library/build.gradle: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | apply plugin: 'com.android.library' 2 | 3 | android { 4 | buildToolsVersion "23.0.1" 5 | compileSdkVersion 23 6 | // Allow publishing both debug and release variants 7 | publishNonDefault true 8 | 9 | defaultConfig { 10 | targetSdkVersion 22 11 | minSdkVersion 3 12 | } 13 | 14 | sourceSets { 15 | main { 16 | manifest.srcFile 'AndroidManifest.xml' 17 | java.srcDirs = ['src'] 18 | res.srcDirs = ['res'] 19 | assets.srcDirs = ['assets'] 20 | } 21 | } 22 | } 23 | 24 | dependencies { 25 | compile 'com.android.support:support-annotations:+' 26 | } 27 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /library/build.xml: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 35 | 36 | 37 | 38 | 39 | 40 | 49 | 50 | 51 | 52 | 56 | 57 | 69 | 70 | 71 | 89 | 90 | 91 | 92 | 93 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /library/proguard-project.txt: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # To enable ProGuard in your project, edit project.properties 2 | # to define the proguard.config property as described in that file. 3 | # 4 | # Add project specific ProGuard rules here. 5 | # By default, the flags in this file are appended to flags specified 6 | # in ${sdk.dir}/tools/proguard/proguard-android.txt 7 | # You can edit the include path and order by changing the ProGuard 8 | # include property in project.properties. 9 | # 10 | # For more details, see 11 | # http://developer.android.com/guide/developing/tools/proguard.html 12 | 13 | # Add any project specific keep options here: 14 | 15 | # If your project uses WebView with JS, uncomment the following 16 | # and specify the fully qualified class name to the JavaScript interface 17 | # class: 18 | #-keepclassmembers class fqcn.of.javascript.interface.for.webview { 19 | # public *; 20 | #} 21 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /library/project.properties: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # This file is automatically generated by Android Tools. 2 | # Do not modify this file -- YOUR CHANGES WILL BE ERASED! 3 | # 4 | # This file must be checked in Version Control Systems. 5 | # 6 | # To customize properties used by the Ant build system edit 7 | # "ant.properties", and override values to adapt the script to your 8 | # project structure. 9 | # 10 | # To enable ProGuard to shrink and obfuscate your code, uncomment this (available properties: sdk.dir, user.home): 11 | #proguard.config=${sdk.dir}/tools/proguard/proguard-android.txt:proguard-project.txt 12 | 13 | android.library=true 14 | # Project target. 15 | target=android-17 16 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /library/res/drawable-hdpi/ic_error_network.png: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MeetMe/Android-MultiStateView/02b621661bd38af7a8618933f88e27607bd79358/library/res/drawable-hdpi/ic_error_network.png -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /library/res/drawable-hdpi/ic_error_unkown.png: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MeetMe/Android-MultiStateView/02b621661bd38af7a8618933f88e27607bd79358/library/res/drawable-hdpi/ic_error_unkown.png -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /library/res/drawable-mdpi/ic_error_network.png: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MeetMe/Android-MultiStateView/02b621661bd38af7a8618933f88e27607bd79358/library/res/drawable-mdpi/ic_error_network.png -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /library/res/drawable-mdpi/ic_error_unkown.png: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MeetMe/Android-MultiStateView/02b621661bd38af7a8618933f88e27607bd79358/library/res/drawable-mdpi/ic_error_unkown.png -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /library/res/drawable-xhdpi/ic_error_network.png: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MeetMe/Android-MultiStateView/02b621661bd38af7a8618933f88e27607bd79358/library/res/drawable-xhdpi/ic_error_network.png -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /library/res/drawable-xhdpi/ic_error_unkown.png: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MeetMe/Android-MultiStateView/02b621661bd38af7a8618933f88e27607bd79358/library/res/drawable-xhdpi/ic_error_unkown.png -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /library/res/drawable/btn_retry.xml: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /library/res/drawable/color_retry_button.xml: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /library/res/layout/msv__error_network.xml: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2 | 3 | 12 | 13 | 20 | 21 | 30 | 31 |