├── .gitattributes ├── .gitignore ├── README.md ├── StringDecryptorBase.sln └── StringDecryptorBase ├── App.config ├── Program.cs ├── Properties └── AssemblyInfo.cs ├── StringDecryptor.cs └── StringDecryptorBase.csproj /.gitattributes: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # Auto detect text files and perform LF normalization 2 | * text=auto 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /.gitignore: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | ## Ignore Visual Studio temporary files, build results, and 2 | ## files generated by popular Visual Studio add-ons. 3 | ## 4 | ## Get latest from https://github.com/github/gitignore/blob/master/VisualStudio.gitignore 5 | 6 | # User-specific files 7 | *.rsuser 8 | *.suo 9 | *.user 10 | *.userosscache 11 | *.sln.docstates 12 | 13 | # User-specific files (MonoDevelop/Xamarin Studio) 14 | *.userprefs 15 | 16 | # Mono auto generated files 17 | mono_crash.* 18 | 19 | # Build results 20 | [Dd]ebug/ 21 | [Dd]ebugPublic/ 22 | [Rr]elease/ 23 | [Rr]eleases/ 24 | x64/ 25 | x86/ 26 | [Aa][Rr][Mm]/ 27 | [Aa][Rr][Mm]64/ 28 | bld/ 29 | [Bb]in/ 30 | [Oo]bj/ 31 | [Ll]og/ 32 | [Ll]ogs/ 33 | 34 | # Visual Studio 2015/2017 cache/options directory 35 | .vs/ 36 | # Uncomment if you have tasks that create the project's static files in wwwroot 37 | #wwwroot/ 38 | 39 | # Visual Studio 2017 auto generated files 40 | Generated\ Files/ 41 | 42 | # MSTest test Results 43 | [Tt]est[Rr]esult*/ 44 | [Bb]uild[Ll]og.* 45 | 46 | # NUnit 47 | *.VisualState.xml 48 | TestResult.xml 49 | nunit-*.xml 50 | 51 | # Build Results of an ATL Project 52 | [Dd]ebugPS/ 53 | [Rr]eleasePS/ 54 | dlldata.c 55 | 56 | # Benchmark Results 57 | BenchmarkDotNet.Artifacts/ 58 | 59 | # .NET Core 60 | project.lock.json 61 | project.fragment.lock.json 62 | artifacts/ 63 | 64 | # StyleCop 65 | StyleCopReport.xml 66 | 67 | # Files built by Visual Studio 68 | *_i.c 69 | *_p.c 70 | *_h.h 71 | *.ilk 72 | *.meta 73 | *.obj 74 | *.iobj 75 | *.pch 76 | *.pdb 77 | *.ipdb 78 | *.pgc 79 | *.pgd 80 | *.rsp 81 | *.sbr 82 | *.tlb 83 | *.tli 84 | *.tlh 85 | *.tmp 86 | *.tmp_proj 87 | *_wpftmp.csproj 88 | *.log 89 | *.vspscc 90 | *.vssscc 91 | .builds 92 | *.pidb 93 | *.svclog 94 | *.scc 95 | 96 | # Chutzpah Test files 97 | _Chutzpah* 98 | 99 | # Visual C++ cache files 100 | ipch/ 101 | *.aps 102 | *.ncb 103 | *.opendb 104 | *.opensdf 105 | *.sdf 106 | *.cachefile 107 | *.VC.db 108 | *.VC.VC.opendb 109 | 110 | # Visual Studio profiler 111 | *.psess 112 | *.vsp 113 | *.vspx 114 | *.sap 115 | 116 | # Visual Studio Trace Files 117 | *.e2e 118 | 119 | # TFS 2012 Local Workspace 120 | $tf/ 121 | 122 | # Guidance Automation Toolkit 123 | *.gpState 124 | 125 | # ReSharper is a .NET coding add-in 126 | _ReSharper*/ 127 | *.[Rr]e[Ss]harper 128 | *.DotSettings.user 129 | 130 | # JustCode is a .NET coding add-in 131 | .JustCode 132 | 133 | # TeamCity is a build add-in 134 | _TeamCity* 135 | 136 | # DotCover is a Code Coverage Tool 137 | *.dotCover 138 | 139 | # AxoCover is a Code Coverage Tool 140 | .axoCover/* 141 | !.axoCover/settings.json 142 | 143 | # Visual Studio code coverage results 144 | *.coverage 145 | *.coveragexml 146 | 147 | # NCrunch 148 | _NCrunch_* 149 | .*crunch*.local.xml 150 | nCrunchTemp_* 151 | 152 | # MightyMoose 153 | *.mm.* 154 | AutoTest.Net/ 155 | 156 | # Web workbench (sass) 157 | .sass-cache/ 158 | 159 | # Installshield output folder 160 | [Ee]xpress/ 161 | 162 | # DocProject is a documentation generator add-in 163 | DocProject/buildhelp/ 164 | DocProject/Help/*.HxT 165 | DocProject/Help/*.HxC 166 | DocProject/Help/*.hhc 167 | DocProject/Help/*.hhk 168 | DocProject/Help/*.hhp 169 | DocProject/Help/Html2 170 | DocProject/Help/html 171 | 172 | # Click-Once directory 173 | publish/ 174 | 175 | # Publish Web Output 176 | *.[Pp]ublish.xml 177 | *.azurePubxml 178 | # Note: Comment the next line if you want to checkin your web deploy settings, 179 | # but database connection strings (with potential passwords) will be unencrypted 180 | *.pubxml 181 | *.publishproj 182 | 183 | # Microsoft Azure Web App publish settings. Comment the next line if you want to 184 | # checkin your Azure Web App publish settings, but sensitive information contained 185 | # in these scripts will be unencrypted 186 | PublishScripts/ 187 | 188 | # NuGet Packages 189 | *.nupkg 190 | # NuGet Symbol Packages 191 | *.snupkg 192 | # The packages folder can be ignored because of Package Restore 193 | **/[Pp]ackages/* 194 | # except build/, which is used as an MSBuild target. 195 | !**/[Pp]ackages/build/ 196 | # Uncomment if necessary however generally it will be regenerated when needed 197 | #!**/[Pp]ackages/repositories.config 198 | # NuGet v3's project.json files produces more ignorable files 199 | *.nuget.props 200 | *.nuget.targets 201 | 202 | # Microsoft Azure Build Output 203 | csx/ 204 | *.build.csdef 205 | 206 | # Microsoft Azure Emulator 207 | ecf/ 208 | rcf/ 209 | 210 | # Windows Store app package directories and files 211 | AppPackages/ 212 | BundleArtifacts/ 213 | Package.StoreAssociation.xml 214 | _pkginfo.txt 215 | *.appx 216 | *.appxbundle 217 | *.appxupload 218 | 219 | # Visual Studio cache files 220 | # files ending in .cache can be ignored 221 | *.[Cc]ache 222 | # but keep track of directories ending in .cache 223 | !?*.[Cc]ache/ 224 | 225 | # Others 226 | ClientBin/ 227 | ~$* 228 | *~ 229 | *.dbmdl 230 | *.dbproj.schemaview 231 | *.jfm 232 | *.pfx 233 | *.publishsettings 234 | orleans.codegen.cs 235 | 236 | # Including strong name files can present a security risk 237 | # (https://github.com/github/gitignore/pull/2483#issue-259490424) 238 | #*.snk 239 | 240 | # Since there are multiple workflows, uncomment next line to ignore bower_components 241 | # (https://github.com/github/gitignore/pull/1529#issuecomment-104372622) 242 | #bower_components/ 243 | 244 | # RIA/Silverlight projects 245 | Generated_Code/ 246 | 247 | # Backup & report files from converting an old project file 248 | # to a newer Visual Studio version. Backup files are not needed, 249 | # because we have git ;-) 250 | _UpgradeReport_Files/ 251 | Backup*/ 252 | UpgradeLog*.XML 253 | UpgradeLog*.htm 254 | ServiceFabricBackup/ 255 | *.rptproj.bak 256 | 257 | # SQL Server files 258 | *.mdf 259 | *.ldf 260 | *.ndf 261 | 262 | # Business Intelligence projects 263 | *.rdl.data 264 | *.bim.layout 265 | *.bim_*.settings 266 | *.rptproj.rsuser 267 | *- [Bb]ackup.rdl 268 | *- [Bb]ackup ([0-9]).rdl 269 | *- [Bb]ackup ([0-9][0-9]).rdl 270 | 271 | # Microsoft Fakes 272 | FakesAssemblies/ 273 | 274 | # GhostDoc plugin setting file 275 | *.GhostDoc.xml 276 | 277 | # Node.js Tools for Visual Studio 278 | .ntvs_analysis.dat 279 | node_modules/ 280 | 281 | # Visual Studio 6 build log 282 | *.plg 283 | 284 | # Visual Studio 6 workspace options file 285 | *.opt 286 | 287 | # Visual Studio 6 auto-generated workspace file (contains which files were open etc.) 288 | *.vbw 289 | 290 | # Visual Studio LightSwitch build output 291 | **/*.HTMLClient/GeneratedArtifacts 292 | **/*.DesktopClient/GeneratedArtifacts 293 | **/*.DesktopClient/ModelManifest.xml 294 | **/*.Server/GeneratedArtifacts 295 | **/*.Server/ModelManifest.xml 296 | _Pvt_Extensions 297 | 298 | # Paket dependency manager 299 | .paket/paket.exe 300 | paket-files/ 301 | 302 | # FAKE - F# Make 303 | .fake/ 304 | 305 | # CodeRush personal settings 306 | .cr/personal 307 | 308 | # Python Tools for Visual Studio (PTVS) 309 | __pycache__/ 310 | *.pyc 311 | 312 | # Cake - Uncomment if you are using it 313 | # tools/** 314 | # !tools/packages.config 315 | 316 | # Tabs Studio 317 | *.tss 318 | 319 | # Telerik's JustMock configuration file 320 | *.jmconfig 321 | 322 | # BizTalk build output 323 | *.btp.cs 324 | *.btm.cs 325 | *.odx.cs 326 | *.xsd.cs 327 | 328 | # OpenCover UI analysis results 329 | OpenCover/ 330 | 331 | # Azure Stream Analytics local run output 332 | ASALocalRun/ 333 | 334 | # MSBuild Binary and Structured Log 335 | *.binlog 336 | 337 | # NVidia Nsight GPU debugger configuration file 338 | *.nvuser 339 | 340 | # MFractors (Xamarin productivity tool) working folder 341 | .mfractor/ 342 | 343 | # Local History for Visual Studio 344 | .localhistory/ 345 | 346 | # BeatPulse healthcheck temp database 347 | healthchecksdb 348 | 349 | # Backup folder for Package Reference Convert tool in Visual Studio 2017 350 | MigrationBackup/ 351 | 352 | # Ionide (cross platform F# VS Code tools) working folder 353 | .ionide/ 354 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # StringDecryptorBase 2 | Complete basic string decryptor to help new reversers. The code is commented 3 | 4 | # What is this ? 5 | 6 | This is a base for all people new reversers who want to make a proper string decryptor 7 | It's using dynamic (invoke) and static approaches. 8 | I commented the whole code to make sure everyone understand how it's going 9 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /StringDecryptorBase.sln: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 |  2 | Microsoft Visual Studio Solution File, Format Version 12.00 3 | # Visual Studio Version 16 4 | VisualStudioVersion = 16.0.29411.108 5 | MinimumVisualStudioVersion = 10.0.40219.1 6 | Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "StringDecryptorBase", "StringDecryptorBase\StringDecryptorBase.csproj", "{68F9CF1A-248A-4A34-87A1-06C77AF15593}" 7 | EndProject 8 | Global 9 | GlobalSection(SolutionConfigurationPlatforms) = preSolution 10 | Debug|Any CPU = Debug|Any CPU 11 | Release|Any CPU = Release|Any CPU 12 | EndGlobalSection 13 | GlobalSection(ProjectConfigurationPlatforms) = postSolution 14 | {68F9CF1A-248A-4A34-87A1-06C77AF15593}.Debug|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU 15 | {68F9CF1A-248A-4A34-87A1-06C77AF15593}.Debug|Any CPU.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU 16 | {68F9CF1A-248A-4A34-87A1-06C77AF15593}.Release|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU 17 | {68F9CF1A-248A-4A34-87A1-06C77AF15593}.Release|Any CPU.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU 18 | EndGlobalSection 19 | GlobalSection(SolutionProperties) = preSolution 20 | HideSolutionNode = FALSE 21 | EndGlobalSection 22 | GlobalSection(ExtensibilityGlobals) = postSolution 23 | SolutionGuid = {9F1AB97B-71E7-48CF-9348-F0DF79047DD2} 24 | EndGlobalSection 25 | EndGlobal 26 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /StringDecryptorBase/App.config: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 |  2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /StringDecryptorBase/Program.cs: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | using dnlib.DotNet; 2 | using dnlib.DotNet.Writer; 3 | using System; 4 | using System.Collections.Generic; 5 | using System.Reflection; 6 | 7 | namespace StringDecryptorBase 8 | { 9 | class Program 10 | { 11 | //Defining to approaches 12 | public enum Mode 13 | { 14 | Static, 15 | Dynamic 16 | } 17 | static void Main(string[] args) 18 | { 19 | Console.WriteLine("Written for purpose by MindSystem"); 20 | Console.WriteLine("don't forget to give credit if you use it !"); 21 | Mode mode = Mode.Dynamic; 22 | //Defining a module to inspect 23 | ModuleDefMD module = null; 24 | //This is for the dynamic approach, pay attention if can be dangerous to load 25 | //assembly you do not trust ! 26 | //If the assembly was made using .net core, this code should be adapted ! 27 | Assembly asm = null; 28 | //Loading module from args 29 | try 30 | { 31 | module = ModuleDefMD.Load(args[0]); 32 | } 33 | catch(Exception ex) 34 | { 35 | Console.WriteLine(ex.Message); 36 | Console.ReadLine(); 37 | return; 38 | } 39 | try 40 | { 41 | asm = Assembly.LoadFrom(args[0]); 42 | } 43 | catch(Exception ex) 44 | { 45 | Console.WriteLine(ex.Message); 46 | mode = Mode.Static; 47 | } 48 | //Also loading the assembly, if it fails, apply static approach 49 | System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch watch = new System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch(); 50 | watch.Start(); 51 | Console.WriteLine("Using {0} approach", mode); 52 | StringDecryptor decryptor = new StringDecryptor(FindDecryptionMethods(module), module, asm, mode); 53 | int decryptedstring = 0; 54 | decryptor.DecryptString(ref decryptedstring); 55 | watch.Stop(); 56 | Console.WriteLine("Done ! Elapsed time : {0}", watch.Elapsed.TotalSeconds); 57 | Console.WriteLine("Decrypted : {0}", decryptedstring); 58 | //Replacing the path 59 | string SavingPath =module.Kind == ModuleKind.Dll ?args[0].Replace(".dll", "-Deobfuscated.dll") : args[0].Replace(".exe", "-Deobfuscated.exe"); 60 | //Check to see if asm is mixed mode or not 61 | if (module.IsILOnly) 62 | { 63 | //Saving option 64 | var opts = new ModuleWriterOptions(module); 65 | opts.MetadataOptions.Flags = MetadataFlags.PreserveAll; 66 | opts.Logger = DummyLogger.NoThrowInstance; 67 | //Saving the deobfuscated assembly 68 | module.Write(SavingPath, opts); 69 | } 70 | else 71 | { 72 | //Same here but for mixed mode assembly 73 | var opts = new NativeModuleWriterOptions(module, false); 74 | opts.MetadataOptions.Flags = MetadataFlags.PreserveAll; 75 | opts.Logger = DummyLogger.NoThrowInstance; 76 | module.NativeWrite(SavingPath, opts); 77 | } 78 | Console.ReadLine(); 79 | } 80 | public static List FindDecryptionMethods(ModuleDefMD module) 81 | { 82 | //Creating a list of method to return 83 | List list = new List(); 84 | //Looping through the type 85 | foreach(TypeDef type in module.Types) 86 | { 87 | //Looping through the methods 88 | foreach (MethodDef method in type.Methods) 89 | { 90 | //Checking if method.HasBody 91 | if(method.HasBody) 92 | { 93 | //Now we loop through each instruction 94 | for(int i = 0; i < method.Body.Instructions.Count; i++) 95 | { 96 | //Just set here the condition(s) 97 | bool condition = false; 98 | if (condition) 99 | { 100 | //Adding the method to the list of decryptino method 101 | list.Add(method); 102 | } 103 | } 104 | 105 | } 106 | } 107 | } 108 | return list; 109 | } 110 | } 111 | } 112 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /StringDecryptorBase/Properties/AssemblyInfo.cs: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | using System.Reflection; 2 | using System.Runtime.CompilerServices; 3 | using System.Runtime.InteropServices; 4 | 5 | // Les informations générales relatives à un assembly dépendent de 6 | // l'ensemble d'attributs suivant. Changez les valeurs de ces attributs pour modifier les informations 7 | // associées à un assembly. 8 | [assembly: AssemblyTitle("StringDecryptorBase")] 9 | [assembly: AssemblyDescription("")] 10 | [assembly: AssemblyConfiguration("")] 11 | [assembly: AssemblyCompany("")] 12 | [assembly: AssemblyProduct("StringDecryptorBase")] 13 | [assembly: AssemblyCopyright("Copyright © 2020")] 14 | [assembly: AssemblyTrademark("")] 15 | [assembly: AssemblyCulture("")] 16 | 17 | // L'affectation de la valeur false à ComVisible rend les types invisibles dans cet assembly 18 | // aux composants COM. Si vous devez accéder à un type dans cet assembly à partir de 19 | // COM, affectez la valeur true à l'attribut ComVisible sur ce type. 20 | [assembly: ComVisible(false)] 21 | 22 | // Le GUID suivant est pour l'ID de la typelib si ce projet est exposé à COM 23 | [assembly: Guid("68f9cf1a-248a-4a34-87a1-06c77af15593")] 24 | 25 | // Les informations de version pour un assembly se composent des quatre valeurs suivantes : 26 | // 27 | // Version principale 28 | // Version secondaire 29 | // Numéro de build 30 | // Révision 31 | // 32 | // Vous pouvez spécifier toutes les valeurs ou indiquer les numéros de build et de révision par défaut 33 | // en utilisant '*', comme indiqué ci-dessous : 34 | // [assembly: AssemblyVersion("1.0.*")] 35 | [assembly: AssemblyVersion("1.0.0.0")] 36 | [assembly: AssemblyFileVersion("1.0.0.0")] 37 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /StringDecryptorBase/StringDecryptor.cs: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | using dnlib.DotNet; 2 | using dnlib.DotNet.Emit; 3 | using System; 4 | using System.Collections.Generic; 5 | using System.Linq; 6 | using System.Reflection; 7 | using System.Text; 8 | using System.Threading.Tasks; 9 | using static StringDecryptorBase.Program; 10 | 11 | namespace StringDecryptorBase 12 | { 13 | class StringDecryptor 14 | { 15 | //We define our module here to use it in the whole class 16 | public ModuleDefMD module = null; 17 | //We also define the main decryption method (I use a list if multiple decryption methods 18 | // are used 19 | public List DecryptionMeth = null; 20 | //We also define an assembly to invoke method 21 | public Assembly asm = null; 22 | public Mode mode = Mode.Dynamic; 23 | public StringDecryptor(List decryption, ModuleDefMD moduledef, Assembly assembly, Mode modee) 24 | { 25 | DecryptionMeth = decryption; 26 | module = moduledef; 27 | asm = assembly; 28 | mode = modee; 29 | } 30 | public void DecryptString(ref int amount) 31 | { 32 | //Checking if the method of decryption list is not empty 33 | if(DecryptionMeth.Count == 0) 34 | { 35 | Console.WriteLine("No decryption method found, please input token of meth : "); 36 | } 37 | try 38 | { 39 | //Removing 0x 40 | string corrected = Console.ReadLine().Remove(0, 2); 41 | //Converting token to rid by substracting 0x06000000 42 | MethodDef found = module.ResolveMethod(uint.Parse(corrected, System.Globalization.NumberStyles.HexNumber) - 0x06000000); 43 | Console.WriteLine("Found decryption method : {0}", found.Name); 44 | //If the method wasn't found, we ask to the use to input one 45 | DecryptionMeth.Add(found); 46 | 47 | } 48 | catch(Exception ex) 49 | { 50 | Console.WriteLine(ex.Message); 51 | } 52 | 53 | //Looping through the type 54 | foreach (TypeDef type in module.Types) 55 | { 56 | //Looping through the methods 57 | foreach (MethodDef method in type.Methods) 58 | { 59 | //Checking if method.HasBody 60 | if (method.HasBody) 61 | { 62 | //Now we loop through each instruction 63 | for (int i = 0; i < method.Body.Instructions.Count; i++) 64 | { 65 | /* 66 | [*] First check -> checking if argument is ldstr (most of the time, ldstr become int 67 | so you have to adapt this part 68 | [*] Second check -> checking if next instr is call (sometimes, the ldstr is not right 69 | after the ldstr, see my toolYano deobfuscator for a more stable version 70 | [*] Third check -> checking if the call is a methoddef 71 | [*] Fourth check -> checking if the method is a decryption method 72 | */ 73 | if (method.Body.Instructions[i].OpCode == OpCodes.Ldstr && method.Body.Instructions[i+1].OpCode == OpCodes.Call && method.Body.Instructions[i+1].Operand is MethodDef && DecryptionMeth.Contains((MethodDef)method.Body.Instructions[i+1].Operand)) 74 | { 75 | //Getting the encrypted string 76 | string argument = method.Body.Instructions[i].Operand.ToString(); 77 | string resolved; 78 | if(mode == Mode.Static) 79 | { 80 | //decrypting the string 81 | //STATIC APPROACH 82 | resolved = DecryptString(argument); 83 | } 84 | else 85 | { 86 | //DYNAMIC APPROACH 87 | //We grab the methodDef to get its mdtoken 88 | MethodDef toinvoke = (MethodDef)method.Body.Instructions[i + 1].Operand; 89 | //Then we invoke the methodofdecryption to get the string 90 | //It's more reliable but can be dangerous as it loads the assembly which 91 | //may contains virus 92 | resolved = (string)asm.ManifestModule.ResolveMethod(toinvoke.MDToken.ToInt32()).Invoke(null, new object[] { argument }); 93 | } 94 | //Replacing the decrypted string 95 | //Here you can use resolve or resolved2, they should be the same 96 | method.Body.Instructions[i].Operand = resolved; 97 | //Nop the call !! not deleting it ! 98 | method.Body.Instructions[i + 1].OpCode = OpCodes.Nop; 99 | //Printing the decrypted strings 100 | amount++; 101 | Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Green; 102 | Console.WriteLine("Decrypted : {0}", resolved); 103 | Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.White; 104 | } 105 | } 106 | 107 | } 108 | } 109 | } 110 | } 111 | public static string DecryptString(string str) 112 | { 113 | //Here you can copy the string decryption routine 114 | return str; 115 | } 116 | } 117 | } 118 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /StringDecryptorBase/StringDecryptorBase.csproj: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 |  2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | Debug 6 | AnyCPU 7 | {68F9CF1A-248A-4A34-87A1-06C77AF15593} 8 | Exe 9 | StringDecryptorBase 10 | StringDecryptorBase 11 | v4.5 12 | 512 13 | true 14 | 15 | 16 | AnyCPU 17 | true 18 | full 19 | false 20 | bin\Debug\ 21 | DEBUG;TRACE 22 | prompt 23 | 4 24 | 25 | 26 | AnyCPU 27 | pdbonly 28 | true 29 | bin\Release\ 30 | TRACE 31 | prompt 32 | 4 33 | 34 | 35 | 36 | ..\..\..\..\Desktop\de4dot-master\Debug\net45\dnlib.dll 37 | 38 | 39 | 40 | 41 | 42 | 43 | 44 | 45 | 46 | 47 | 48 | 49 | 50 | 51 | 52 | 53 | 54 | 55 | 56 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------