├── src
    ├── stdafx.h
    └── hopfield_net.cpp
├── CMakeLists.txt
├── images_to_learn
    ├── v.txt
    ├── k.txt
    └── t.txt
├── noisy_examples
    ├── src.txt
    └── src2.txt
├── README.md
├── .gitignore
└── LICENSE


/src/stdafx.h:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | #pragma once
 2 | 
 3 | #include <stdio.h>
 4 | 
 5 | #include <iostream>
 6 | #include <vector>
 7 | #include <list>
 8 | #include <algorithm>
 9 | #include <numeric>
10 | #include <fstream>
11 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/CMakeLists.txt:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | cmake_minimum_required (VERSION 3.0)
2 | 
3 | project( hopfield_neuro_net )
4 | 
5 | set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 11)
6 | set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON)
7 | 
8 | add_executable( hopfield src/hopfield_net.cpp )
9 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/images_to_learn/v.txt:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | * _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ *
 2 | _ * _ _ _ _ _ _ _ *
 3 | _ * _ _ _ _ _ _ * _
 4 | _ _ * _ _ _ _ * _ _
 5 | _ _ * _ _ _ _ * _ _
 6 | _ _ * _ _ _ _ * _ _
 7 | _ _ _ * _ _ _ * _ _
 8 | _ _ _ * _ _ * _ _ _
 9 | _ _ _ _ * _ * _ _ _
10 | _ _ _ _ _ * _ _ _ _
11 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/images_to_learn/k.txt:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | * _ _ _ _ _ _ * _ _
 2 | * _ _ _ _ _ * _ _ _
 3 | * _ _ _ * * _ _ _ _
 4 | * * * * _ _ _ _ _ _
 5 | * _ _ _ * * * _ _ _
 6 | * _ _ _ _ _ _ * * _
 7 | * _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ *
 8 | * _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ *
 9 | * _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ *
10 | * _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ *
11 | 


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/images_to_learn/t.txt:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | * * * * * * * * * *
 2 | _ _ _ _ * _ _ _ _ _
 3 | _ _ _ _ * _ _ _ _ _
 4 | _ _ _ _ * _ _ _ _ _
 5 | _ _ _ _ * _ _ _ _ _
 6 | _ _ _ _ * _ _ _ _ _
 7 | _ _ _ _ * _ _ _ _ _
 8 | _ _ _ _ * _ _ _ _ _
 9 | _ _ _ _ * _ _ _ _ _
10 | _ _ _ _ * _ _ _ _ _
11 | 


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/noisy_examples/src.txt:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | * _ _ _ _ _ _ * _ _
 2 | * _ _ * _ _ * _ _ _
 3 | _ _ _ _ * _ _ _ _ _
 4 | * * * _ _ _ _ * _ _
 5 | * _ _ _ * * * _ _ _
 6 | * _ * _ _ _ _ * * _
 7 | _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ *
 8 | * _ * _ _ * _ _ _ *
 9 | * _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ *
10 | * _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ *
11 | 


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/noisy_examples/src2.txt:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | _ * _ _ _ _ * _ _ *
 2 | _ * _ _ _ _ _ _ _ *
 3 | _ _ * _ * _ _ _ * *
 4 | _ _ _ * _ _ _ * _ _
 5 | _ * * _ * _ _ * _ _
 6 | _ _ _ * * _ _ * _ _
 7 | _ _ _ * _ * * _ _ _
 8 | _ * _ _ * * * _ _ _
 9 | _ _ * _ * _ * _ _ _
10 | _ _ _ _ * * _ _ _ _
11 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/README.md:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | # Hopfield neuro network
 2 | 
 3 | ## Description
 4 | 
 5 | This project is naive (and, therefore, simple!) implementation of Hopfield neural network.
 6 | The goals for this project are:
 7 | 
 8 | 1. Keep implementation simple, easy to understant and free for further experiments
 9 | 2. Show basics how neural network work and learns
10 | 3. Follow strong math basics described by G.G. Matinetsky (see links)
11 | 
12 | ## How to run
13 | 
14 | There are 3 'reference' images and 2 'noisy' images. See 'images_to_learn' and 'noisy_examples' folders for details.
15 | 
16 | Example:
17 | 
18 | $ ./hopfield 10 10 ../noisy_example/src.txt ../images_to_learn/*.txt
19 | 
20 | ## How to build
21 | 
22 | This project is based on CMAKE build system (cmake version 3+). So, just execute:
23 | 
24 | ### Ubuntu
25 | 
26 | $ mkdir build ; cd build
27 | 
28 | $ cmake ..
29 | 
30 | $ make
31 | 
32 | ### Windows (Visual Studio)
33 | 
34 | 1. Download and install CMAKE
35 | 2. Open console at repository folder
36 | 3. $ mkdir build ; cd build
37 | 4. $ cmake ..
38 | 5. Open generated solution with Visual Studio and compile it ordinal way
39 | 
40 | ## Links:
41 | 
42 | 1. Г.Г. Малинецкий. Математические основы синергетики. Москва, URSS, 2009 [In Russian]
43 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/src/hopfield_net.cpp:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  1 | #include "stdafx.h"
  2 | 
  3 | using std::begin;
  4 | using std::end;
  5 | 
  6 | using std::cout;
  7 | using std::endl;
  8 | 
  9 | using std::vector;
 10 | using std::list;
 11 | 
 12 | struct simple_neuron {
 13 |     enum state {LOWER_STATE=-1, UPPER_STATE=1};
 14 | 
 15 |     typedef float coeff_t;
 16 |     typedef state state_t;
 17 | 
 18 |     static state read(char c) {
 19 | 	return (c == '*' ? UPPER_STATE : LOWER_STATE);
 20 |     }
 21 | 
 22 |     static char write(state s) {
 23 | 	if (s == LOWER_STATE) {
 24 | 	    return ' ';
 25 | 	} else {
 26 | 	    return '*';
 27 | 	}
 28 |     }
 29 | 
 30 |     template <typename _Iv, typename _Ic>
 31 |     static state_t calculate(_Iv val_b, _Iv val_e, _Ic coeff_b) {
 32 | 	auto value = std::inner_product(
 33 | 		    val_b,
 34 | 		    val_e,
 35 | 		    coeff_b,
 36 | 		    coeff_t(0)
 37 | 		    );
 38 | 
 39 | 	return value > 0 ? UPPER_STATE : LOWER_STATE;
 40 |     }
 41 | };
 42 | 
 43 | typedef simple_neuron neuron_t;
 44 | typedef neuron_t::state_t state_t;
 45 | typedef vector<state_t> neurons_line;
 46 | typedef vector<vector<neuron_t::coeff_t>> link_coeffs;
 47 | 
 48 | 
 49 | struct neuro_net_system {
 50 |     const link_coeffs &_coeffs;
 51 | 
 52 |     neuro_net_system(const link_coeffs &coeffs): _coeffs(coeffs) {}
 53 | 
 54 |     bool do_step(neurons_line& line) {
 55 | 	bool value_changed = false;
 56 | 
 57 | 	neurons_line old_values(begin(line), end(line));
 58 | 	link_coeffs::const_iterator it_coeffs = begin(_coeffs);
 59 | 
 60 | 	std::transform(
 61 | 	    begin(line),
 62 | 	    end(line), 
 63 | 	    begin(line), 
 64 | 	    [&old_values, &it_coeffs, &value_changed] (state_t old_value) -> state_t {
 65 | 		auto new_value = neuron_t::calculate(
 66 | 		    begin(old_values),
 67 | 		    end(old_values),
 68 | 		    begin(*it_coeffs++)
 69 | 		    );
 70 | 
 71 | 		value_changed = (new_value != old_value) || value_changed;
 72 | 
 73 | 		return new_value;
 74 | 	    });
 75 | 
 76 | 	return value_changed;
 77 |     }
 78 | 
 79 |     size_t _do(neurons_line& line) {
 80 |         bool need_continue = true;
 81 | 	_steps_done = 0;
 82 | 
 83 | 	while (need_continue) {
 84 | 	    need_continue = do_step(line);
 85 | 	    ++_steps_done;
 86 | 	}
 87 | 
 88 | 	return _steps_done;
 89 |     }
 90 | 
 91 |     size_t steps_done() const {
 92 | 	return _steps_done;
 93 |     }
 94 | private:
 95 |     size_t _steps_done;
 96 | };
 97 | 
 98 | link_coeffs learn_neuro_net(const list<neurons_line> &src_images) {
 99 |     link_coeffs result_coeffs;
100 |     size_t neurons_count = src_images.front().size();
101 | 
102 |     result_coeffs.resize(neurons_count);
103 |     for (size_t i = 0; i < neurons_count; ++i) {
104 | 	result_coeffs[i].resize(neurons_count, 0);
105 |     }
106 | 
107 |     for (size_t i = 0; i < neurons_count; ++i) {
108 | 	for (size_t j = 0; j < i; ++j) {
109 | 	    neuron_t::coeff_t val = 0;
110 | 	    val = std::accumulate(
111 | 		begin(src_images),
112 | 		end(src_images),
113 | 		neuron_t::coeff_t(0.0),
114 | 		[i, j] (neuron_t::coeff_t old_val, const neurons_line &image) -> neuron_t::coeff_t{
115 | 		    return old_val + (image[i] * image[j]);
116 | 		});
117 | 	    result_coeffs[i][j] = val;
118 | 	    result_coeffs[j][i] = val;
119 | 	}
120 |     }
121 | 
122 |     return result_coeffs;
123 | }
124 | 
125 | struct neurons_line_print_descriptor {
126 |     const neurons_line &_line;
127 |     const size_t _width;
128 |     const size_t _height;
129 | 
130 |     neurons_line_print_descriptor (
131 | 	const neurons_line &line,
132 | 	size_t width,
133 | 	size_t height
134 | 	): _line(line), 
135 | 	   _width(width),
136 | 	   _height(height)
137 | 	{}
138 | };
139 | 
140 | template <typename Ch, typename Tr>
141 | std::basic_ostream<Ch, Tr>& 
142 | operator << (std::basic_ostream<Ch, Tr>&stm, const neurons_line_print_descriptor &line) {
143 |     neurons_line::const_iterator it = begin(line._line), it_end = end(line._line);
144 | 
145 |     for (size_t i = 0; i < line._height; ++i) {
146 | 	for (size_t j = 0; j < line._width; ++j) {
147 | 	    stm << neuron_t::write(*it);
148 | 	    ++it;
149 | 	}
150 | 	stm << endl;
151 |     }
152 | 
153 |     return stm;
154 | }
155 | 
156 | neurons_line read_neurons_state(const std::string &file_path, size_t len) {
157 |     std::ifstream i_file(file_path);
158 | 
159 |     size_t i = 0;
160 |     neurons_line result;
161 |     result.reserve(len);
162 | 
163 |     while (i++ < len) {
164 | 	char val;
165 | 	i_file >> val;
166 | 	auto state = neuron_t::read(val);
167 | 	result.push_back(state);
168 |     }
169 | 
170 |     return result;
171 | }
172 | 
173 | int main(int argc, char* argv[])
174 | {
175 |     list<neurons_line> src_images;
176 |     std::string target_file_path;
177 |     size_t width, height;
178 | 
179 |     if (argc < 4) {
180 | 	cout << "Invalid parameters." << endl;
181 | 	cout << "Usage: AppName WIDTH HEIGHT SOURCE_FILE LEARNING_FILE_1 [LEARNE_FILE_N]" << endl;
182 | 	exit(1);
183 |     }
184 | 
185 |     int arg_pos = 1;
186 |     width = atol(argv[arg_pos++]);
187 |     height = atol(argv[arg_pos++]);
188 |     target_file_path = argv[arg_pos++];
189 | 
190 |     while (arg_pos < argc) {
191 | 	src_images.push_back(read_neurons_state(argv[arg_pos++], width * height));
192 | 
193 | 	cout << "Image to learn: " << endl;
194 | 	cout << neurons_line_print_descriptor(src_images.back(), width, height) << endl;
195 |     }
196 | 
197 |     link_coeffs coeffs = learn_neuro_net(src_images);
198 | 
199 |     neuro_net_system net(coeffs);
200 | 
201 |     neurons_line line;
202 |     line = read_neurons_state(target_file_path, width * height);
203 | 
204 |     cout << "---------------------------" << endl;
205 |     cout << "start: " << endl;
206 |     cout << neurons_line_print_descriptor(line, width, height) << endl;
207 |     cout << "---------------------------" << endl;
208 | 
209 |     auto steps_done = net._do(line);
210 |     cout << "Steps done: " << steps_done << endl;
211 |     cout << neurons_line_print_descriptor(line, width, height) << endl;
212 |     cout << "---------------------------" << endl;
213 | 
214 | #if defined(_WINDOWS)
215 |     system("pause");
216 | #endif
217 | 
218 |     return 0;
219 | }
220 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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  1 |                     GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
  2 |                        Version 3, 29 June 2007
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343 |   7. Additional Terms.
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345 |   "Additional permissions" are terms that supplement the terms of this
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471 |   11. Patents.
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477 |   A contributor's "essential patent claims" are all patent claims
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535 | 
536 |   Nothing in this License shall be construed as excluding or limiting
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539 | 
540 |   12. No Surrender of Others' Freedom.
541 | 
542 |   If conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
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547 | not convey it at all.  For example, if you agree to terms that obligate you
548 | to collect a royalty for further conveying from those to whom you convey
549 | the Program, the only way you could satisfy both those terms and this
550 | License would be to refrain entirely from conveying the Program.
551 | 
552 |   13. Use with the GNU Affero General Public License.
553 | 
554 |   Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, you have
555 | permission to link or combine any covered work with a work licensed
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559 | but the special requirements of the GNU Affero General Public License,
560 | section 13, concerning interaction through a network will apply to the
561 | combination as such.
562 | 
563 |   14. Revised Versions of this License.
564 | 
565 |   The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of
566 | the GNU General Public License from time to time.  Such new versions will
567 | be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
568 | address new problems or concerns.
569 | 
570 |   Each version is given a distinguishing version number.  If the
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573 | option of following the terms and conditions either of that numbered
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578 | 
579 |   If the Program specifies that a proxy can decide which future
580 | versions of the GNU General Public License can be used, that proxy's
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583 | 
584 |   Later license versions may give you additional or different
585 | permissions.  However, no additional obligations are imposed on any
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587 | later version.
588 | 
589 |   15. Disclaimer of Warranty.
590 | 
591 |   THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY
592 | APPLICABLE LAW.  EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT
593 | HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY
594 | OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
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597 | IS WITH YOU.  SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF
598 | ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
599 | 
600 |   16. Limitation of Liability.
601 | 
602 |   IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
603 | WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES AND/OR CONVEYS
604 | THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY
605 | GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE
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607 | DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD
608 | PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS),
609 | EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
610 | SUCH DAMAGES.
611 | 
612 |   17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16.
613 | 
614 |   If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided
615 | above cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms,
616 | reviewing courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates
617 | an absolute waiver of all civil liability in connection with the
618 | Program, unless a warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a
619 | copy of the Program in return for a fee.
620 | 
621 |                      END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
622 | 
623 |             How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
624 | 
625 |   If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
626 | possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
627 | free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
628 | 
629 |   To do so, attach the following notices to the program.  It is safest
630 | to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
631 | state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
632 | the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
633 | 
634 |     Hopfield neuro net implamentation
635 |     Copyright (C) 2016 Sergey Melnikov
636 | 
637 |     This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
638 |     it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
639 |     the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
640 |     (at your option) any later version.
641 | 
642 |     This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
643 |     but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
644 |     MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
645 |     GNU General Public License for more details.
646 | 
647 |     You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
648 |     along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
649 | 
650 | Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
651 | 
652 |   If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short
653 | notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:
654 | 
655 |     HopfieldNeuroNext  Copyright (C) 2016  Sergey Melnikov
656 |     This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
657 |     This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
658 |     under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
659 | 
660 | The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
661 | parts of the General Public License.  Of course, your program's commands
662 | might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an "about box".
663 | 
664 |   You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school,
665 | if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary.
666 | For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see
667 | <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
668 | 
669 |   The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program
670 | into proprietary programs.  If your program is a subroutine library, you
671 | may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with
672 | the library.  If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General
673 | Public License instead of this License.  But first, please read
674 | <http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-not-lgpl.html>.
675 | 


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