├── .clang-format ├── .github └── workflows │ └── build-all-platforms.yml ├── CMakeLists.txt ├── LICENSE ├── README.md ├── command.h └── main.cpp /.clang-format: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # Generated from CLion C/C++ Code Style settings 2 | BasedOnStyle: LLVM 3 | AccessModifierOffset: -4 4 | AlignAfterOpenBracket: Align 5 | AlignConsecutiveAssignments: None 6 | AlignOperands: Align 7 | AllowAllArgumentsOnNextLine: false 8 | AllowAllConstructorInitializersOnNextLine: false 9 | AllowAllParametersOfDeclarationOnNextLine: false 10 | AllowShortBlocksOnASingleLine: Always 11 | AllowShortCaseLabelsOnASingleLine: false 12 | AllowShortFunctionsOnASingleLine: All 13 | AllowShortIfStatementsOnASingleLine: Always 14 | AllowShortLambdasOnASingleLine: All 15 | AllowShortLoopsOnASingleLine: true 16 | AlwaysBreakAfterReturnType: None 17 | AlwaysBreakTemplateDeclarations: Yes 18 | BreakBeforeBraces: Custom 19 | BraceWrapping: 20 | AfterCaseLabel: false 21 | AfterClass: false 22 | AfterControlStatement: Never 23 | AfterEnum: false 24 | AfterFunction: false 25 | AfterNamespace: false 26 | AfterUnion: false 27 | BeforeCatch: false 28 | BeforeElse: false 29 | IndentBraces: false 30 | SplitEmptyFunction: false 31 | SplitEmptyRecord: true 32 | BreakBeforeBinaryOperators: None 33 | BreakBeforeTernaryOperators: true 34 | BreakConstructorInitializers: BeforeColon 35 | BreakInheritanceList: BeforeColon 36 | ColumnLimit: 0 37 | CompactNamespaces: false 38 | ContinuationIndentWidth: 8 39 | IndentCaseLabels: true 40 | IndentPPDirectives: None 41 | IndentWidth: 4 42 | KeepEmptyLinesAtTheStartOfBlocks: true 43 | MaxEmptyLinesToKeep: 2 44 | NamespaceIndentation: All 45 | ObjCSpaceAfterProperty: false 46 | ObjCSpaceBeforeProtocolList: true 47 | PointerAlignment: Right 48 | ReflowComments: false 49 | SpaceAfterCStyleCast: true 50 | SpaceAfterLogicalNot: false 51 | SpaceAfterTemplateKeyword: false 52 | SpaceBeforeAssignmentOperators: true 53 | SpaceBeforeCpp11BracedList: false 54 | SpaceBeforeCtorInitializerColon: true 55 | SpaceBeforeInheritanceColon: true 56 | SpaceBeforeParens: ControlStatements 57 | SpaceBeforeRangeBasedForLoopColon: true 58 | SpaceInEmptyParentheses: false 59 | SpacesBeforeTrailingComments: 0 60 | SpacesInAngles: false 61 | SpacesInCStyleCastParentheses: false 62 | SpacesInContainerLiterals: false 63 | SpacesInParentheses: false 64 | SpacesInSquareBrackets: false 65 | TabWidth: 4 66 | UseTab: Never 67 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /.github/workflows/build-all-platforms.yml: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | name: Build, run test and upload binaries 2 | 3 | on: [push, pull_request] 4 | 5 | jobs: 6 | 7 | linux-x86-clang: 8 | runs-on: "ubuntu-20.04" 9 | 10 | steps: 11 | - uses: actions/checkout@v2 12 | 13 | - name: Get current date 14 | id: date 15 | run: echo "::set-output name=date::$(date +'%Y-%m-%dT%H%M')" 16 | 17 | - name: Create build environment 18 | run: cmake -E make_directory ${{runner.workspace}}/build 19 | 20 | - name: Configure CMake 21 | shell: bash 22 | working-directory: ${{runner.workspace}}/build 23 | run: cmake $GITHUB_WORKSPACE -DBUILD_TESTS="yes" -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER="clang" -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER="clang++" -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS="-Wall" 24 | 25 | - name: Build 26 | working-directory: ${{runner.workspace}}/build 27 | shell: bash 28 | run: cmake --build . --config Release --target all 29 | env: 30 | MAKEFLAGS: "-j2" 31 | 32 | - name: Binary info 33 | run: file ${{runner.workspace}}/build/cpp_command_output 34 | 35 | - name: Run binary 36 | run: ${{runner.workspace}}/build/cpp_command_output 37 | 38 | - name: Upload binary 39 | uses: actions/upload-artifact@v1 40 | with: 41 | name: cpp_command_output-linux-x86-clang-${{ env.BUILD_DATE }} 42 | path: ${{runner.workspace}}/build/cpp_command_output 43 | env: 44 | BUILD_DATE: ${{ steps.date.outputs.date }} 45 | 46 | linux-x86-gcc: 47 | runs-on: "ubuntu-20.04" 48 | 49 | steps: 50 | - uses: actions/checkout@v2 51 | 52 | - name: Get current date 53 | id: date 54 | run: echo "::set-output name=date::$(date +'%Y-%m-%dT%H%M')" 55 | 56 | - name: Create build environment 57 | run: cmake -E make_directory ${{runner.workspace}}/build 58 | 59 | - name: Configure CMake 60 | shell: bash 61 | working-directory: ${{runner.workspace}}/build 62 | run: cmake $GITHUB_WORKSPACE -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DBUILD_TESTS="yes" -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS="-Wall" 63 | 64 | - name: Build 65 | working-directory: ${{runner.workspace}}/build 66 | shell: bash 67 | run: cmake --build . --config Release --target all 68 | env: 69 | MAKEFLAGS: "-j2" 70 | 71 | - name: Binary info 72 | run: file ${{runner.workspace}}/build/cpp_command_output 73 | 74 | - name: Run 75 | run: ${{runner.workspace}}/build/cpp_command_output 76 | 77 | - name: Upload cpp_command_output binary 78 | uses: actions/upload-artifact@v1 79 | with: 80 | name: cpp_command_output-linux-x86-gcc-${{ env.BUILD_DATE }} 81 | path: ${{runner.workspace}}/build/cpp_command_output 82 | env: 83 | BUILD_DATE: ${{ steps.date.outputs.date }} 84 | 85 | linux-arm-gcc-crosscompile: 86 | runs-on: "ubuntu-20.04" 87 | # continue-on-error: true 88 | 89 | steps: 90 | - uses: actions/checkout@v2 91 | 92 | - name: Get current date 93 | id: date 94 | run: echo "::set-output name=date::$(date +'%Y-%m-%dT%H%M')" 95 | 96 | - name: Install build dependencies 97 | run: sudo apt -y update && sudo apt -y install qemu-user-binfmt qemu-user g++-multilib-arm-linux-gnueabihf gcc-arm-linux-gnueabihf 98 | 99 | - name: Create build environment 100 | run: cmake -E make_directory ${{runner.workspace}}/build 101 | 102 | - name: Configure CMake 103 | shell: bash 104 | working-directory: ${{runner.workspace}}/build 105 | run: cmake $GITHUB_WORKSPACE -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DSTATIC_COMPILE="yes" -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS="-Wall" -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER="arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc-9" -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER="arm-linux-gnueabihf-g++-9" -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS="-O3 -march=armv7ve" 106 | 107 | - name: Build 108 | working-directory: ${{runner.workspace}}/build 109 | shell: bash 110 | run: cmake --build . --config Release --target all 111 | env: 112 | MAKEFLAGS: "-j2" 113 | 114 | - name: Binary info 115 | run: file ${{runner.workspace}}/build/cpp_command_output 116 | 117 | - name: test run 118 | run: echo q | ${{runner.workspace}}/build/cpp_command_output 119 | 120 | - name: Upload cpp_command_output binary 121 | uses: actions/upload-artifact@v1 122 | with: 123 | name: cpp_command_output-linux-ARM-gcc-${{ env.BUILD_DATE }} 124 | path: ${{runner.workspace}}/build/cpp_command_output 125 | env: 126 | BUILD_DATE: ${{ steps.date.outputs.date }} 127 | 128 | windows-x86-msvc: 129 | runs-on: windows-2019 130 | 131 | steps: 132 | - uses: actions/checkout@v2 133 | 134 | - name: Get current date 135 | id: date 136 | run: echo "::set-output name=date::$(date +'%Y-%m-%dT%H%M')" 137 | 138 | - name: Create build environment 139 | run: cmake -E make_directory ${{runner.workspace}}/build 140 | 141 | - name: Configure CMake 142 | shell: bash 143 | working-directory: ${{runner.workspace}}/build 144 | run: cmake $GITHUB_WORKSPACE -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release 145 | 146 | - name: Build 147 | working-directory: ${{runner.workspace}}/build 148 | shell: bash 149 | run: cmake --build . --config Release 150 | env: 151 | MAKEFLAGS: "-j2" 152 | 153 | - name: Test run 154 | working-directory: ${{runner.workspace}}/build 155 | run: ${{runner.workspace}}\build\Release\cpp_command_output.exe 156 | 157 | - name: Upload cpp_command_output Binary 158 | uses: actions/upload-artifact@v1 159 | with: 160 | name: cpp_command_output-windows-x86-msvc-${{ env.BUILD_DATE }}.exe 161 | path: ${{runner.workspace}}\build\Release\cpp_command_output.exe 162 | env: 163 | BUILD_DATE: ${{ steps.date.outputs.date }} 164 | # 165 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /CMakeLists.txt: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10) 2 | project(cpp_command_output) 3 | 4 | set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17) 5 | 6 | if (STATIC_COMPILE STREQUAL "yes") 7 | # Fix segfault when statically compiling. 8 | # https://stackoverflow.com/questions/35116327/when-g-static-link-pthread-cause-segmentation-fault-why 9 | SET(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -static -lrt -pthread -Wl,--whole-archive -lpthread -Wl,--no-whole-archive") 10 | SET(CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS "-static") 11 | SET(CMAKE_FIND_LIBRARY_SUFFIXES ".a") 12 | SET(BUILD_SHARED_LIBS OFF) 13 | endif() 14 | 15 | if (NOT ${CMAKE_GENERATOR} MATCHES "Visual Studio") 16 | message(STATUS "CMake generator is NOT Visual Studio. Using regular build flags") 17 | 18 | if (CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "Debug") 19 | set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -Og -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -ggdb") 20 | set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -Og -Wall -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -ggdb") 21 | elseif (CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "Release") 22 | set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -O2 ") 23 | set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -Wall -O2 -DNDEBUG") 24 | endif() 25 | endif() 26 | 27 | 28 | if (${CMAKE_GENERATOR} MATCHES "Visual Studio") 29 | message(STATUS "CMake generator is Visual Studio. Using Windows build flags") 30 | add_definitions(-DNOMINMAX -D_WIN32_WINNT=0x0A00 -DLANG_CXX17 -DCOMPILER_MSVC -D__VERSION__=\"MSVC\") 31 | add_definitions(-DWIN32 -DOS_WIN -D_MBCS -DWIN64 -DWIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN -DNOGDI -DPLATFORM_WINDOWS) 32 | add_definitions(/bigobj /nologo /EHsc /GF /FC /MP /Gm-) 33 | # Suppress warnings to reduce build log size. 34 | add_definitions(/wd4267 /wd4244 /wd4800 /wd4503 /wd4554 /wd4996 /wd4348 /wd4018) 35 | add_definitions(/wd4099 /wd4146 /wd4267 /wd4305 /wd4307) 36 | add_definitions(/wd4715 /wd4722 /wd4723 /wd4838 /wd4309 /wd4334) 37 | set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} /MP") 38 | endif() 39 | 40 | message(STATUS "C++ compiler flags : ${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS}") 41 | message(STATUS "C compiler flags : ${CMAKE_C_FLAGS}") 42 | message(STATUS "Linker flags : ${CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS} ${CMAKE_SHARED_LINKER_FLAGS} ${CMAKE_STATIC_LINKER_FLAGS}") 43 | 44 | 45 | add_executable(cpp_command_output main.cpp command.h) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /LICENSE: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE 2 | Version 3, 29 June 2007 3 | 4 | Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 5 | Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies 6 | of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. 7 | 8 | Preamble 9 | 10 | The GNU General Public License is a free, copyleft license for 11 | software and other kinds of works. 12 | 13 | The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed 14 | to take away your freedom to share and change the works. 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It is safest 630 | to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively 631 | state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least 632 | the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found. 633 | 634 | 635 | Copyright (C) 636 | 637 | This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify 638 | it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by 639 | the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or 640 | (at your option) any later version. 641 | 642 | This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 643 | but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 644 | MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 645 | GNU General Public License for more details. 646 | 647 | You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License 648 | along with this program. If not, see . 649 | 650 | Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail. 651 | 652 | If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short 653 | notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode: 654 | 655 | Copyright (C) 656 | This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'. 657 | This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it 658 | under certain conditions; type `show c' for details. 659 | 660 | The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate 661 | parts of the General Public License. Of course, your program's commands 662 | might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an "about box". 663 | 664 | You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school, 665 | if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary. 666 | For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see 667 | . 668 | 669 | The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program 670 | into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you 671 | may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with 672 | the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General 673 | Public License instead of this License. But first, please read 674 | . 675 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | See here: https://raymii.org/s/articles/Execute_a_command_and_get_both_output_and_exit_code.html -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /command.h: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #ifndef COMMAND_H 2 | #define COMMAND_H 3 | // Copyright (C) 2021 Remy van Elst 4 | // 5 | // This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify 6 | // it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by 7 | // the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or 8 | // (at your option) any later version. 9 | // 10 | // This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 11 | // but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 12 | // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 13 | // GNU General Public License for more details. 14 | // 15 | // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License 16 | // along with this program. If not, see . 17 | #include 18 | #include 19 | #include 20 | #include 21 | 22 | namespace raymii { 23 | 24 | struct CommandResult { 25 | std::string output; 26 | int exitstatus; 27 | friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, const CommandResult &result) { 28 | os << "command exitstatus: " << result.exitstatus << " output: " << result.output; 29 | return os; 30 | } 31 | bool operator==(const CommandResult &rhs) const { 32 | return output == rhs.output && 33 | exitstatus == rhs.exitstatus; 34 | } 35 | bool operator!=(const CommandResult &rhs) const { 36 | return !(rhs == *this); 37 | } 38 | }; 39 | 40 | class Command { 41 | public: 42 | /** 43 | * Execute system command and get STDOUT result. 44 | * Regular system() only gives back exit status, this gives back output as well. 45 | * @param command system command to execute 46 | * @return commandResult containing STDOUT (not stderr) output & exitstatus 47 | * of command. Empty if command failed (or has no output). If you want stderr, 48 | * use shell redirection (2&>1). 49 | */ 50 | static CommandResult exec(const std::string &command) { 51 | int exitcode = 0; 52 | std::array buffer{}; 53 | std::string result; 54 | #ifdef _WIN32 55 | #define popen _popen 56 | #define pclose _pclose 57 | #define WEXITSTATUS 58 | #endif 59 | FILE *pipe = popen(command.c_str(), "r"); 60 | if (pipe == nullptr) { 61 | throw std::runtime_error("popen() failed!"); 62 | } 63 | try { 64 | std::size_t bytesread; 65 | while ((bytesread = std::fread(buffer.data(), sizeof(buffer.at(0)), sizeof(buffer), pipe)) != 0) { 66 | result += std::string(buffer.data(), bytesread); 67 | } 68 | } catch (...) { 69 | pclose(pipe); 70 | throw; 71 | } 72 | // Workaround "error: cannot take the address of an rvalue of type 'int'" on MacOS 73 | // see e.g. https://github.com/BestImageViewer/geeqie/commit/75c7df8b96592e10f7936dc1a28983be4089578c 74 | int res = pclose(pipe); 75 | exitcode = WEXITSTATUS(res); 76 | return CommandResult{result, exitcode}; 77 | } 78 | 79 | // Only for reference in the article. Use regular ::exec. 80 | static CommandResult execFgets(const std::string &command) { 81 | int exitcode = 0; 82 | std::array buffer{}; 83 | std::string result; 84 | #ifdef _WIN32 85 | #define popen _popen 86 | #define pclose _pclose 87 | #define WEXITSTATUS 88 | #endif 89 | FILE *pipe = popen(command.c_str(), "r"); 90 | if (pipe == nullptr) { 91 | throw std::runtime_error("popen() failed!"); 92 | } 93 | try { 94 | while (std::fgets(buffer.data(), buffer.size(), pipe) != nullptr) { 95 | result += buffer.data(); 96 | } 97 | } catch (...) { 98 | pclose(pipe); 99 | throw; 100 | } 101 | // Workaround "error: cannot take the address of an rvalue of type 'int'" on MacOS 102 | // see e.g. https://github.com/BestImageViewer/geeqie/commit/75c7df8b96592e10f7936dc1a28983be4089578c 103 | int res = pclose(pipe); 104 | exitcode = WEXITSTATUS(res); 105 | return CommandResult{result, exitcode}; 106 | } 107 | }; 108 | 109 | }// namespace raymii 110 | #endif//COMMAND_H 111 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /main.cpp: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #include 2 | #include "command.h" 3 | // Copyright (C) 2021 Remy van Elst 4 | // 5 | // This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify 6 | // it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by 7 | // the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or 8 | // (at your option) any later version. 9 | // 10 | // This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 11 | // but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 12 | // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 13 | // GNU General Public License for more details. 14 | // 15 | // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License 16 | // along with this program. If not, see . 17 | 18 | int main() { 19 | using namespace raymii; 20 | 21 | #ifndef _WIN32 22 | std::cout << "Example:" << std::endl; 23 | std::cout << Command::exec("echo 'Hello you absolute legends!'") << std::endl; 24 | 25 | std::cout << "Redirect stderr to stdout" << std::endl; 26 | std::cout << Command::exec("/bin/bash --invalid 2>&1") << std::endl; 27 | 28 | std::cout << "Exit status from false:" << std::endl; 29 | std::cout << Command::exec("false") << std::endl; 30 | 31 | std::string expectedOutput("test\000abc\n", 9); //NOLINT We want to test for nullbytes... 32 | CommandResult nullbyteCommand = Command::exec("/usr/bin/printf 'test\\000abc\\n'"); // NOLINT(bugprone-string-literal-with-embedded-nul) 33 | CommandResult fgetsNullbyteCommand = Command::execFgets("/usr/bin/printf 'test\\000abc\\n'"); // NOLINT(bugprone-string-literal-with-embedded-nul) 34 | 35 | std::cout << "Nullbyte example expected output: " << expectedOutput << std::endl; 36 | std::cout << "Output using fread: " << nullbyteCommand << std::endl; 37 | std::cout << "Output using fgets: " << fgetsNullbyteCommand << std::endl; 38 | 39 | 40 | #else 41 | std::cout << "Windows Echo:" << std::endl; 42 | std::cout << Command::exec("echo 'Hello you absolute legends!'") << std::endl; 43 | 44 | std::cout << "Windows Dir:" << std::endl; 45 | std::cout << Command::exec("cmd /r dir * /on /p") << std::endl; 46 | 47 | std::cout << "Windows Version:" << std::endl; 48 | std::cout << Command::exec("cmd /r ver") << std::endl; 49 | 50 | std::cout << "Windows Version WMI:" << std::endl; 51 | std::cout << Command::exec("cmd /r wmic os get version") << std::endl; 52 | 53 | std::cout << "Windows Explorer:" << std::endl; 54 | std::cout << Command::exec("explorer") << std::endl; 55 | 56 | std::cout << "Windows Echo:" << std::endl; 57 | std::cout << Command::exec("echo 'Goodbye!'") << std::endl; 58 | 59 | #endif 60 | 61 | return 0; 62 | } 63 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------