├── README.md ├── SecurityNikThreatIntel.py └── LICENSE /README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # QRadar---Threat-Intelligence-On-The-Cheap 2 | # SecurityNikThreatIntel.py 3 | # Download a list of suspected malicious IPs and Domains. Create a QRadar Reference Set. Search Your Environment For Malicious IPs 4 | 5 | Recently I needed to address a little challenge with getting threat intelligence (known malicious IPs and or Domains) into QRadar, so that I could use that information in a proactive manner. What I ended up doing was, from a list of publicly available known blacklist (of both domains and IPs) I gathered this information to incorporate it into QRadar Reference Set. Obviously, an alternative to what I've done is to purchase IBM X-Force, Norse Darklist or some other dark list. However, if you are looking at addressing this need on a small budget ($0000.00), my solution is a good place for you to start. 6 | 7 | So what does the solution do? Basically the following. 8 | 1. From a list of published blacklisted IPs download all and create one file 9 | 2. From a list of published blacklisted DNS download all and create one file. 10 | 3. Check QRadar to see if a reference set exists with name "SecurityNik_DarkList_IP", if none exists create it 11 | 4. Upload the compiled file of IPs to the Reference Set 12 | 5 Check QRadar to see if a reference set exists with name "SecurityNik_DarkList_DNS", if none exist create 13 | 6.Upload the compiled file of DNS to the Reference Set 14 | ‎ 15 | Once the script runs for the first time, you will need to create 2 rules. One checks your events and flows for the source or destination IP in the reference set and the other checks for the domain name in events. 16 | 17 | I spent the time to develop this to address a need. I'm sharing it with this forum because I know someone else may have had (or is having) similar concerns like I had. Feel free to modify the script as you wish, but please leave my credit. 18 | 19 | The script and information on how to create the rules, etc can be found on my blog at securitynik.blogspot.com. 20 | 21 | Sorry that I have to sent you to my blog to get it. However, there is additional information there on creating the rules. 22 | 23 | Feel free to reach out to me if you have any questions, concerns and or comments. 24 | 25 | P.S. Point to note is the quality of these list are dependent on the people who publish them. I give no warranty or am I vouching for these lists. These IPs and or domains should be used as a starting point of your investigation and not the ultimate decision as to whether something good or bad has happened. 26 | 27 | If you need the code only that ‎can be found here‎: 28 | https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B0qDfJ30s2I9ajRXTHh2UTItbkk/view?usp=sharing 29 | 30 | ‎Enjoy!! 31 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /SecurityNikThreatIntel.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env python 2 | # This is code is designed to download list of known bad IPs and domains 3 | # Once the lists have been downloaded, 2 reference sets are created 4 | # 1 for IPs and 1 for domains 5 | # Manual creation of QRadar rules are then done. These rules are then run against these 6 | # list to identify known bad IPs and Domain 7 | # 8 | # SecurityNikThreatIntel.py v1.0 9 | # Author: Nik Alleyne, CISSP|GCIH|A < nikalleyne@gmail.com > 10 | # Date: 2015-02-25 11 | # Disclaimer: In no way am I responsible for any damages which you may 12 | # cause to your system by running this script. 13 | 14 | from os import uname, path, system, remove, getcwd 15 | from shutil import rmtree,copytree 16 | from subprocess import call 17 | from sys import exit 18 | from time import sleep 19 | 20 | 21 | # This function checks to see if this script is running on Linux. 22 | def check_os(): 23 | qRadar_path = '/opt/qradar/conf/' 24 | qRadar_ver = '/opt/qradar/bin/myver' 25 | 26 | print(' Checking OS ... ') 27 | if ( uname()[0] == 'Linux' ) or ( uname()[0] == 'linux'): 28 | #print(' Running on Linux ... ') 29 | 30 | if ( path.exists('/etc/system-release') and path.isfile('/etc/system-release') ): 31 | call(['cat', '/etc/system-release']) 32 | else: 33 | print('\n Looks like you are running Linux. ') 34 | print('\n However, I am unable to determine your version info. ') 35 | 36 | print(' \n Looking for an installed version of QRadar') 37 | if ( path.exists(qRadar_path) and ( path.isdir(qRadar_path)) ): 38 | print(' \n looks like you are running QRadar version ... ') 39 | call([qRadar_ver]) 40 | print(' \n Good stuff ... \n Blast off =>>>>>>> ') 41 | else: 42 | print(' An installed version of QRadar was not found on your system ') 43 | print(' This script will not work for you, it was designed to be used on box running IBM QRadar ') 44 | print(' Exiting ... ') 45 | exit(0) 46 | 47 | sleep(2) 48 | else: 49 | print(' Running this is a waste of your time. ') 50 | print(' This script is SPECIFICALLY for QRadar ') 51 | exit(0) 52 | 53 | 54 | # This function downloads a list of known bad IPs and 55 | def grab_ip_list(): 56 | ip_path = '' 57 | bad_ip_list = ['http://malc0de.com/bl/IP_Blacklist.txt' , 58 | 'http://malc0de.com/bl/IP_Blacklist.txt', 59 | 'http://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/ip.txt', 60 | 'https://zeustracker.abuse.ch/blocklist.php?download=badips' , 61 | 'http://www.spamhaus.org/drop/drop.txt', 62 | 'http://www.spamhaus.org/drop/edrop.txt', 63 | 'http://www.spamhaus.org/drop/drop.lasso', 64 | 'http://www.okean.com/chinacidr.txt' , 65 | 'http://myip.ms/files/blacklist/general/latest_blacklist.txt' , 66 | 'http://myip.ms/files/blacklist/csf/latest_blacklist.txt' , 67 | 'http://rules.emergingthreats.net/fwrules/emerging-Block-IPs.txt' , 68 | 'http://rules.emergingthreats.net/blockrules/compromised-ips.txt' , 69 | 'http://feeds.dshield.org/block.txt' , 70 | 'http://feeds.dshield.org/top10-2.txt', 71 | 'http://www.dshield.org/feeds/topips.txt' 72 | 'https://feodotracker.abuse.ch/blocklist/?download=ipblocklist', 73 | 'https://palevotracker.abuse.ch/blocklists.php?download=ipblocklist' , 74 | 'https://zeustracker.abuse.ch/blocklist.php?download=badips' , 75 | ] 76 | 77 | 78 | # Check to see if ip_tmp/ folder exists - This folder stores the files a the first download. 79 | # Basically this will determine if its the first time the script is being run 80 | if ( path.exists('.ip_tmp/') and (path.isdir('.ip_tmp/')) ): 81 | ip_path = '.ip_tmp_path/' 82 | else: 83 | ip_path = '.ip_tmp/' 84 | 85 | try: 86 | print(' Preparing to download list of bad IP addresses ') 87 | for link in bad_ip_list: 88 | print(link) 89 | call(['wget', link, '--directory-prefix='+ip_path , '--tries=2', '--continue', '--timestamping', '--timeout=5', '--random-wait', '--no-proxy', '--inet4-only']) 90 | print(' \n %s \n retrieved successfully \n' %link ) 91 | sleep(2) 92 | except: 93 | print(' A problem occurred while downloading IP information from %s ' %link ) 94 | print(' This link may be broken. Please copy the URL and paste into a browser to ensure it is accessible') 95 | else: 96 | # Looks like all went well 97 | print(' \n Looks like we have some baddddd IPs! ') 98 | 99 | 100 | 101 | # This fuction download the list of malicious and or suspected domains 102 | # DO NOT add entry to this list unless you are sure what you are doing 103 | # These files are in different formats, thus may need to be manipulated the files individually 104 | 105 | def grab_dns_list(): 106 | dns_path = '' 107 | bad_dns_list = [ 'http://www.joewein.net/dl/bl/dom-bl.txt', 108 | 'http://www.joewein.net/dl/bl/dom-bl-base.txt', 109 | 'http://mirror1.malwaredomains.com/files/immortal_domains.txt', 110 | 'http://mirror1.malwaredomains.com/files/dynamic_dns.txt', 111 | 'https://zeustracker.abuse.ch/blocklist.php?download=baddomains', 112 | 'http://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt', 113 | 'http://malc0de.com/bl/BOOT', 114 | 'http://malc0de.com/bl/ZONES' 115 | ] 116 | 117 | if ( path.exists('.dns_tmp') and (path.isdir('.dns_tmp')) ): 118 | dns_path = '.dns_tmp_path' 119 | else: 120 | dns_path = '.dns_tmp' 121 | 122 | try: 123 | print(' Preparing to download list of bad Domain ') 124 | for dns in bad_dns_list: 125 | print(dns) 126 | call(['wget', dns, '--directory-prefix='+dns_path , '--tries=2', '--continue', '--timestamping', '--timeout=5', '--random-wait', '--no-proxy', '--inet4-only']) 127 | print(' \n %s \n retrieved successfully \n' %dns ) 128 | sleep(2) 129 | except: 130 | print(' A problem occurred while downloading DNS information from %s ' %dns ) 131 | print(' This link may be broken. Please copy the URL and paste into a browser to ensure it is accessible') 132 | else: 133 | # Looks like all went well 134 | print(' \n Looks like we have some baddddd domains! ') 135 | 136 | 137 | # Checking the directories to see if the last run added new info 138 | def compare_ip_dirs(): 139 | print(' Checking if there is need for an update .... ') 140 | 141 | #first check to see if .ip_tmp_path exists 142 | if ( path.exists('.ip_tmp_path') and (path.isdir('.ip_tmp_path')) ): 143 | print(' Give me just a few seconds more') 144 | sleep(2) 145 | 146 | if ( int(path.getsize('.ip_tmp')) <= int(path.getsize('.ip_tmp_path')) ): 147 | print(' \n Looks like new content is available ') 148 | # copying new content in .ip_tmp_path to .ip_tmp 149 | try: 150 | rmtree('.ip_tmp') 151 | copytree('.ip_tmp_path','.ip_tmp') 152 | except: 153 | print(' Failed to copy new data ... ') 154 | print(' Exiting ... ') 155 | exit(0) 156 | else: 157 | print(' Successfully moved new data') 158 | else: 159 | print(' Nothing new was added ... ') 160 | print(' Exiting ... ') 161 | exit(0) 162 | else: 163 | print(' This is first run ... \n moving on ... ') 164 | 165 | sleep(2) 166 | 167 | 168 | # Comparing the DNS folders to see if new content may have been added 169 | def compare_dns_dirs(): 170 | print(' Checking if there is need for an update .... ') 171 | 172 | #first check to see if .ip_tmp_path exists 173 | if ( path.exists('.ip_tmp_path') and (path.isdir('.ip_tmp_path')) ): 174 | print(' Give me just a few seconds more') 175 | sleep(2) 176 | 177 | if ( int(path.getsize('.ip_tmp')) <= int(path.getsize('.ip_tmp_path')) ): 178 | print(' \n Looks like new content is available ') 179 | 180 | # copying new content in .dns_tmp_path to .dns_tmp 181 | try: 182 | rmtree('.dns_tmp') 183 | copytree('.dns_tmp_path','.dns_tmp') 184 | except: 185 | print(' Failed to copy new data ... ') 186 | print(' Exiting ... ') 187 | exit(0) 188 | else: 189 | print(' Successfully moved new data') 190 | else: 191 | print(' Nothing new was added ... ') 192 | print(' Exiting ... ') 193 | exit(0) 194 | else: 195 | print(' This is first run ... \n moving on ... ') 196 | sleep(2) 197 | 198 | 199 | # Now that the files have been successfully downloaded, let's combine them all 200 | def combine_ip_files(): 201 | print(' \n Checking for .ip_tmp folder ... ') 202 | sleep(2) 203 | if ( path.exists('.ip_tmp') and path.isdir('.ip_tmp') ): 204 | print(' directory .ip_tmp/ found ') 205 | system('cat .ip_tmp/* | grep --perl-regexp --only-matching "\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}" | sort -i | uniq --unique --check-chars=15 > SecurityNikBadIPs.txt') 206 | 207 | if ( path.exists('SecurityNikBadIPs.txt') and path.isfile('SecurityNikBadIPs.txt') ): 208 | print(' Successfully created file SecurityNikBadIPs.txt ') 209 | else: 210 | print(' Unable to create SecurityNikBadIPs.txt file ') 211 | print(' The program will now exit ... Exiting ... ') 212 | exit(0) 213 | else: 214 | print(' \n ip_tmp/ directory not found ') 215 | print(' Unable to continue ... Exiting!') 216 | exit(0) 217 | 218 | 219 | # This function manipulates the downloaded DNS files, so that all can be placed into one standard file 220 | def combine_dns_files(): 221 | print(' Combining DNS files ') 222 | if ( path.exists('.dns_tmp') and path.isdir('.dns_tmp') ): 223 | print(' directory .dns_tmp/ found ') 224 | try: 225 | print(' Combining downloaded files into .... ') 226 | system('cat .dns_tmp/dom-bl.txt > .SecurityNikBadDomains.txt') 227 | system('cat .dns_tmp/dom-bl-base.txt >> .SecurityNikBadDomains.txt') 228 | system("cat .dns_tmp/hosts.txt | awk '/127.0.0.1/ { print $2 }' >> .SecurityNikBadDomains.txt") 229 | system('cat .dns_tmp/immortal_domains.txt | grep -i -P "This is a list|^$" -v >> SecurityNikBadDomains.txt') 230 | system('cat .dns_tmp/BOOT | grep -i PRIMARY | cut -f 2 -d " " | grep -i -v -P "ibm\.com" -v >> .SecurityNikBadDomains.txt') 231 | system('cat .dns_tmp/dynamic_dns.txt | grep -P -v "^#|^$" | cut -f 1 -s >> .SecurityNikBadDomains.txt') 232 | system('cat .dns_tmp/blocklist.php\?download\=baddomains | grep -P -v "^#|^$" >> .SecurityNikBadDomains.txt') 233 | system('cat .SecurityNikBadDomains.txt | sort -i | uniq --unique > SecurityNikBadDomains.txt') 234 | 235 | except: 236 | print(' Looks like an error occurred while combining the files') 237 | print(' Please retry later ... \n Exiting ... ') 238 | exit(0) 239 | else: 240 | print(' files successfully combined ') 241 | print(' A list of known bad domains can be found in SecurityNikBadDomains.txt') 242 | remove('.SecurityNikBadDomains.txt') 243 | 244 | else: 245 | print(' \n dns_tmp/ directory not found ') 246 | print(' The program will now exit ... Exiting ... ') 247 | exit(0) 248 | 249 | 250 | 251 | 252 | # This function does all the work for the IP reference set 253 | def verify_create_ip_reference_set(): 254 | reference_set_name = 'SecurityNik_IP_Darklist' 255 | ip_txt = getcwd()+'/SecurityNikBadIPs.txt' 256 | rows = [] 257 | 258 | print('Checking to see if the reference set %s already exists' %reference_set_name) 259 | f =open('.count.txt', 'w') 260 | call(["psql", "-U", "qradar", "--command=SELECT COUNT(*) FROM reference_data WHERE name='SecurityNik_IP_Darklist'"], stdout=f ) 261 | f.close() 262 | 263 | # Resting ... I'm tired 264 | sleep(2) 265 | 266 | f = open('.count.txt', 'r') 267 | 268 | for line in f.readlines(): 269 | rows.append(line.strip()) 270 | #print(rows) 271 | 272 | if (rows[2].strip() != '0'): 273 | print(' Looks like reference set already exists \n ') 274 | else: 275 | print(' Reference Set %s not found ... %reference_set_name ') 276 | print(' Looks like we will have to create this bad boy ...') 277 | 278 | try: 279 | call(['/opt/qradar/bin/ReferenceSetUtil.sh', 'create', reference_set_name , 'IP']) 280 | print(' Successfully created reference set %s \n ' %reference_set_name ) 281 | #print(' Looks like that went well ... ' ) 282 | except: 283 | #This does not catch any java exception that may be created 284 | print(' Error occurred while creating reference set %s ' %reference_set) 285 | print(' You may create the reference set %s manually if needed ' %reference_set_name ) 286 | exit(0) 287 | 288 | print(' Loading information into reference set %s ' %reference_set_name ) 289 | try: 290 | call(['/opt/qradar/bin/ReferenceSetUtil.sh', 'load', reference_set_name , ip_txt ]) 291 | print(' \n You may need to verify that you have rules created to use %s ' %reference_set_name ) 292 | except: 293 | print(' An error occurred while loading the reference set ... ') 294 | print(' Please retry later!') 295 | exit(0) 296 | remove('.count.txt') 297 | 298 | 299 | # This function creates the DNS reference set 300 | def verify_create_dns_reference_set(): 301 | reference_set_name = 'SecurityNik_DNS_Darklist' 302 | dns_txt = getcwd()+'/SecurityNikBadDomains.txt' 303 | dns_rows = [] 304 | 305 | print('Checking to see if the reference set %s already exists' %reference_set_name) 306 | f = open('.count.txt', 'w') 307 | call(["psql", "-U", "qradar", "--command=SELECT COUNT(*) FROM reference_data WHERE name='SecurityNik_DNS_Darklist'"], stdout=f ) 308 | f.close() 309 | 310 | # Taking a nap ... 311 | sleep(2) 312 | 313 | f = open('.count.txt', 'r') 314 | for line in f.readlines(): 315 | dns_rows.append(line.strip()) 316 | #print(dns_rows) 317 | 318 | if (dns_rows[2].strip() != '0'): 319 | print(' Looks like reference set already exists \n ') 320 | else: 321 | print(' Reference Set %s not found ' %reference_set_name ) 322 | print(' Looks like we will have to create this bad boy ...') 323 | try: 324 | call(['/opt/qradar/bin/ReferenceSetUtil.sh', 'create', reference_set_name , 'ALN']) 325 | print(' Successfully created reference set %s ' %reference_set_name ) 326 | 327 | #print(' Looks like that went well ... ' ) 328 | except: 329 | # This does not catch any java exception that may be created 330 | print(' Error occurred while creating reference set %s ' %reference_set) 331 | print(' You may create the reference set %s manually if needed ' %reference_set_name ) 332 | exit(0) 333 | 334 | print(' Loading information into reference set %s ' %reference_set_name ) 335 | 336 | try: 337 | call(['/opt/qradar/bin/ReferenceSetUtil.sh', 'load', reference_set_name , dns_txt ]) 338 | print(' \n You may need to verify that you have rules created to use %s ' %reference_set_name ) 339 | except: 340 | print(' An error occurred while loading the reference set ... ') 341 | print(' Please retry later!') 342 | exit(0) 343 | remove('.count.txt') 344 | 345 | 346 | 347 | # Main Function 348 | def main(): 349 | #print('You are in the main part of the code') 350 | call('clear') 351 | check_os() 352 | 353 | # Let's work on the IP Reference Set 354 | grab_ip_list() 355 | compare_ip_dirs() 356 | combine_ip_files() 357 | verify_create_ip_reference_set() 358 | 359 | # Let's work on the DNS Reference Set 360 | grab_dns_list() 361 | compare_dns_dirs() 362 | combine_dns_files() 363 | verify_create_dns_reference_set() 364 | 365 | 366 | if __name__ == "__main__": 367 | main() 368 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /LICENSE: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE 2 | Version 3, 29 June 2007 3 | 4 | Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 5 | Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies 6 | of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. 7 | 8 | Preamble 9 | 10 | The GNU General Public License is a free, copyleft license for 11 | software and other kinds of works. 12 | 13 | The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed 14 | to take away your freedom to share and change the works. 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No Surrender of Others' Freedom. 541 | 542 | If conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or 543 | otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not 544 | excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot convey a 545 | covered work so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this 546 | License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you may 547 | not convey it at all. For example, if you agree to terms that obligate you 548 | to collect a royalty for further conveying from those to whom you convey 549 | the Program, the only way you could satisfy both those terms and this 550 | License would be to refrain entirely from conveying the Program. 551 | 552 | 13. Use with the GNU Affero General Public License. 553 | 554 | Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, you have 555 | permission to link or combine any covered work with a work licensed 556 | under version 3 of the GNU Affero General Public License into a single 557 | combined work, and to convey the resulting work. The terms of this 558 | License will continue to apply to the part which is the covered work, 559 | but the special requirements of the GNU Affero General Public License, 560 | section 13, concerning interaction through a network will apply to the 561 | combination as such. 562 | 563 | 14. Revised Versions of this License. 564 | 565 | The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of 566 | the GNU General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will 567 | be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to 568 | address new problems or concerns. 569 | 570 | Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the 571 | Program specifies that a certain numbered version of the GNU General 572 | Public License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the 573 | option of following the terms and conditions either of that numbered 574 | version or of any later version published by the Free Software 575 | Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of the 576 | GNU General Public License, you may choose any version ever published 577 | by the Free Software Foundation. 578 | 579 | If the Program specifies that a proxy can decide which future 580 | versions of the GNU General Public License can be used, that proxy's 581 | public statement of acceptance of a version permanently authorizes you 582 | to choose that version for the Program. 583 | 584 | Later license versions may give you additional or different 585 | permissions. However, no additional obligations are imposed on any 586 | author or copyright holder as a result of your choosing to follow a 587 | later version. 588 | 589 | 15. Disclaimer of Warranty. 590 | 591 | THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY 592 | APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT 593 | HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY 594 | OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, 595 | THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR 596 | PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM 597 | IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF 598 | ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION. 599 | 600 | 16. Limitation of Liability. 601 | 602 | IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING 603 | WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES AND/OR CONVEYS 604 | THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY 605 | GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE 606 | USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF 607 | DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD 608 | PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), 609 | EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 610 | SUCH DAMAGES. 611 | 612 | 17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16. 613 | 614 | If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided 615 | above cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms, 616 | reviewing courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates 617 | an absolute waiver of all civil liability in connection with the 618 | Program, unless a warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a 619 | copy of the Program in return for a fee. 620 | 621 | END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS 622 | 623 | How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs 624 | 625 | If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest 626 | possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it 627 | free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms. 628 | 629 | To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest 630 | to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively 631 | state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least 632 | the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found. 633 | 634 | {one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.} 635 | Copyright (C) {year} {name of author} 636 | 637 | This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify 638 | it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by 639 | the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or 640 | (at your option) any later version. 641 | 642 | This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 643 | but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 644 | MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 645 | GNU General Public License for more details. 646 | 647 | You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License 648 | along with this program. If not, see . 649 | 650 | Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail. 651 | 652 | If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short 653 | notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode: 654 | 655 | {project} Copyright (C) {year} {fullname} 656 | This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'. 657 | This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it 658 | under certain conditions; type `show c' for details. 659 | 660 | The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate 661 | parts of the General Public License. Of course, your program's commands 662 | might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an "about box". 663 | 664 | You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school, 665 | if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary. 666 | For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see 667 | . 668 | 669 | The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program 670 | into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you 671 | may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with 672 | the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General 673 | Public License instead of this License. But first, please read 674 | . 675 | 676 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------