├── LICENSE ├── README.md └── winnti-detect.nse /LICENSE: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE 2 | Version 3, 29 June 2007 3 | 4 | Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 5 | Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies 6 | of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. 7 | 8 | Preamble 9 | 10 | The GNU General Public License is a free, copyleft license for 11 | software and other kinds of works. 12 | 13 | The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed 14 | to take away your freedom to share and change the works. By contrast, 15 | the GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to 16 | share and change all versions of a program--to make sure it remains free 17 | software for all its users. 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It is safest 630 | to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively 631 | state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least 632 | the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found. 633 | 634 | 635 | Copyright (C) 636 | 637 | This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify 638 | it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by 639 | the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or 640 | (at your option) any later version. 641 | 642 | This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 643 | but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 644 | MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 645 | GNU General Public License for more details. 646 | 647 | You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License 648 | along with this program. If not, see . 649 | 650 | Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail. 651 | 652 | If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short 653 | notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode: 654 | 655 | Copyright (C) 656 | This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'. 657 | This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it 658 | under certain conditions; type `show c' for details. 659 | 660 | The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate 661 | parts of the General Public License. Of course, your program's commands 662 | might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an "about box". 663 | 664 | You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school, 665 | if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary. 666 | For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see 667 | . 668 | 669 | The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program 670 | into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you 671 | may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with 672 | the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General 673 | Public License instead of this License. But first, please read 674 | . 675 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # Nmap Script to scan for Winnti infections 2 | 3 | This Nmap script can be used to scan hosts for Winnti infections. 4 | It uses parts of Winnti's protocol as seen in the wild in 2016/2017 to check for infection and gather additional information. 5 | 6 | ## Winnti 7 | 8 | Winnti is a malware that is used by some APT groups. 9 | 10 | It has been used since at least 2013 and has evolved over time. You can find some information here 11 | 12 | - https://kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/vlpdfs/winnti-more-than-just-a-game-130410.pdf 13 | - https://www.novetta.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/novetta_winntianalysis.pdf 14 | - https://hitcon.org/2016/pacific/0composition/pdf/1201/1201%20R2%201610%20winnti%20polymorphism.pdf 15 | 16 | # SecOps Warning 17 | 18 | *WINNTI ONLY SUPPORTS ONE CONNECTION AT A TIME. IF YOU SCAN A HOST FOR WINNTI 19 | YOU WILL RESET THE CURRENT CONNECTION IF THERE IS ONE.* 20 | 21 | # Requirements 22 | 23 | This script needs **liblua 5.3** to work. You may want to download the latest Nmap 24 | version to get support out of the box (confirmed working with Nmap 7.25BETA2 and 7.60). 25 | 26 | # Installation 27 | 28 | ``` 29 | user@mint ~/src $ wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/TKCERT/winnti-nmap-script/master/winnti-detect.nse 30 | user@mint ~/src $ wget https://nmap.org/dist/nmap-7.60.tar.bz2 31 | user@mint ~/src $ tar xvf nmap-7.60.tar.bz2 32 | user@mint ~/src $ cd nmap-7.60 33 | user@mint ~/src/nmap-7.60 $ apt install build-essential 34 | user@mint ~/src/nmap-7.60 $ ./configure && make 35 | user@mint ~/src/nmap-7.60 $ ./nmap -sT 127.0.0.1 -p 80,631 --script ../winnti-detect.nse 36 | 37 | Starting Nmap 7.60 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2018-03-10 12:25 CET 38 | Nmap scan report for localhost (127.0.0.1) 39 | Host is up (0.0018s latency). 40 | 41 | PORT STATE SERVICE 42 | 80/tcp closed http 43 | 631/tcp open ipp 44 | 45 | Host script results: 46 | | winnti-detect: 47 | | PORTS 48 | |_ 631 clean 49 | 50 | Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 0.33 seconds 51 | ``` 52 | 53 | # Show script help 54 | 55 | ``` 56 | $ nmap --script-help winnti-detect.nse 57 | 58 | Starting Nmap 7.25BETA2 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2016-09-26 17:00 CEST 59 | 60 | winnti-detect 61 | Categories: malware safe 62 | https://nmap.org/nsedoc/scripts/winnti-detect.html 63 | The winnti-detect script checks if the host is backdoored by winnti rootkit. It 64 | sends a winnti command to the first three open TCP ports and checks the 65 | response. When the connection to one of these ports fails, the next port is 66 | chosen until three successful tries are completed. When a winnti infection is 67 | found the script gathers basic host information by sending a query to the 68 | backdoor and printing the response. Version 1.0, 2016-09-26 69 | 70 | *** SECOPS-WARNING *** 71 | 72 | Winnti only supports one connection at a time. If you scan a host for winnti 73 | you will reset the current connection if there is one. 74 | 75 | *** IMPORTANT *** 76 | Winnti installations may use different encryption keys. The default value 77 | included in this script is 0xABC18CBA (taken from a real sample). 78 | You can set a custom key with --script-args key=0x........ 79 | The key must be given in big-endian. 80 | ``` 81 | 82 | # Run Detection 83 | 84 | ``` 85 | $ nmap --script winnti-detect.nse 10.10.0.2 86 | 87 | Starting Nmap 7.25BETA2 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2016-09-26 16:37 CEST 88 | Nmap scan report for 10.10.0.2 89 | Host is up (0.013s latency). 90 | Not shown: 991 closed ports 91 | PORT STATE SERVICE 92 | 135/tcp open msrpc 93 | 139/tcp open netbios-ssn 94 | 445/tcp open microsoft-ds 95 | 49152/tcp open unknown 96 | 49153/tcp open unknown 97 | 49154/tcp open unknown 98 | 49155/tcp open unknown 99 | 49156/tcp open unknown 100 | 49157/tcp open unknown 101 | 102 | Host script results: 103 | | winnti-detect: 104 | | PORTS 105 | | 135 found WINNTI 106 | | 139 skipped 107 | | 445 skipped 108 | | 49152 skipped 109 | | 49153 skipped 110 | | 49154 skipped 111 | | 49155 skipped 112 | | 49156 skipped 113 | | 49157 skipped 114 | | HOSTINFO 115 | | Hostname: SRV1 116 | | Winnti-ID: NKASJ-OQMDA-NDKQP-AJNCK-MQLAI_ 117 | | Hostname2 XXXXXXXXXX-t 118 | |_ Domain XXXXXX 119 | 120 | Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 6.11 seconds 121 | ``` 122 | # Winnti static key 123 | 124 | Winnti installations may use different encryption keys. The default value 125 | included in this script is 0xABC18CBA (taken from a real sample). 126 | You can set a custom key with --script-args key=0x........ 127 | The key must be given in big-endian. 128 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /winnti-detect.nse: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | local os = require "os" 2 | local comm = require "comm" 3 | local nmap = require "nmap" 4 | local stdnse = require "stdnse" 5 | local string = require "string" 6 | 7 | description = [[ 8 | The winnti-detect script checks if the host is backdoored by winnti rootkit. It 9 | sends a winnti command to the first three open TCP ports and checks the 10 | response. When the connection to one of these ports fails, the next port is 11 | chosen until three successful tries are completed. When a winnti infection is 12 | found the script gathers basic host information by sending a query to the 13 | backdoor and printing the response. 14 | 15 | *** SECOPS-WARNING *** 16 | Winnti only supports one connection at a time. If you scan a host for winnti 17 | you will reset the current connection if there is one. 18 | 19 | *** IMPORTANT *** 20 | Winnti installations may use different encryption keys. The default value 21 | included in this script is 0xABC18CBA (taken from a real sample). 22 | You can set a custom key with --script-args key=0x........ 23 | The key must be given in big-endian. 24 | 25 | Version 2017-05-31 26 | ]] 27 | 28 | --- 29 | --@usage 30 | --nmap --script winnti-detect.nse [--script-args key=0xCAFEBABE] 31 | --@args key The Winnti XOR key in big endian notation (optional. Default: 0xABC18CBA) 32 | --@output 33 | -- 34 | --Host script results: 35 | --| winnti: 36 | --| PORTS 37 | --| 135 found WINNTI 38 | --| 445 skipped 39 | --| HOSTINFO 40 | --| Hostname: SRV1 41 | --| Winnti-ID: JKASK-AJEKL-QJSGH-AORPQ-KNCAL_ 42 | --| Hostname2 SRV1-t 43 | --|_ Domain MYDOMAIN 44 | -- 45 | 46 | author = "Stefan Ruester" 47 | license = "Proprietary - TLP:WHITE" 48 | categories = {"malware", "safe"} 49 | 50 | local WINNTI_STATIC_KEY = 0xABC18CBA 51 | 52 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 53 | -- Convert string to its hex representation 54 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 55 | function tohex(buf) 56 | local ret="" 57 | for byte=1, #buf do 58 | ret = ret .. string.format("%02X", string.byte(buf:sub(byte, byte))) 59 | end 60 | return ret 61 | end 62 | 63 | 64 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 65 | -- Remove trailing zeroes from string 66 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 67 | function rtrimzero(s) 68 | if s == nil then return nil end 69 | return s:match'^(.*[^\0])\0*$' 70 | end 71 | 72 | 73 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 74 | -- Output a hexdump of the string s 75 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 76 | function hexdump(buf) 77 | for byte=1, #buf, 16 do 78 | local chunk = buf:sub(byte, byte+15) 79 | io.write(string.format('%08X ',byte-1)) 80 | chunk:gsub('.', function (c) io.write(string.format('%02X ',string.byte(c))) end) 81 | io.write(string.rep(' ',3*(16-#chunk))) 82 | io.write(' ',chunk:gsub('%c','.'),"\n") 83 | end 84 | end 85 | 86 | 87 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 88 | -- Check all hosts that are UP 89 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 90 | hostrule = function(host) 91 | return true 92 | end 93 | 94 | 95 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 96 | -- Cycle over open ports and try to find winnti 97 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 98 | action = function(host) 99 | local continue_search = true 100 | local winnti_proven, winnti_refuted, data 101 | local num_ports_to_try=4 102 | local plugin_response={} 103 | local porttable={} 104 | local hostinfo=nil 105 | 106 | porttable['name'] = "PORTS" 107 | 108 | local winnti_custom_key = stdnse.get_script_args("key") 109 | if (winnti_custom_key ~= nil) then 110 | WINNTI_STATIC_KEY = winnti_custom_key 111 | end 112 | 113 | stdnse.debug("Using Winnti key 0x%08X", WINNTI_STATIC_KEY) 114 | 115 | local port = nmap.get_ports(host, nil, "tcp", "open") 116 | while port do 117 | 118 | stdnse.debug("---") 119 | 120 | if (continue_search == false or num_ports_to_try < 1) then 121 | stdnse.debug("Skipping port %i", port.number) 122 | table.insert(porttable, string.format("%5i skipped", port.number)) 123 | else 124 | stdnse.debug("Checking port %i", port.number) 125 | winnti_proven, winnti_refuted, data = check_wnti(host, port) 126 | 127 | -- We found incidations that there is NO winnti on the host. But we try again ... 128 | if (winnti_refuted == true) then 129 | num_ports_to_try = num_ports_to_try - 1 130 | stdnse.debug(data) 131 | table.insert(porttable, string.format("%5i clean", port.number)) 132 | end 133 | 134 | -- We found incidations that there IS winnti on the host. No need to try again 135 | if (winnti_proven == true) then 136 | continue_search = false 137 | table.insert(porttable, string.format("%5i found WINNTI", port.number)) 138 | -- data now contains a table with information about the host 139 | hostinfo = data 140 | end 141 | 142 | -- Possibly connection problems. We cannot say whether there is winnti or not. 143 | if (winnti_proven == false and winnti_refuted == false) then 144 | stdnse.debug(data) 145 | table.insert(porttable, string.format("%5i unknown", port.number)) 146 | end 147 | end 148 | 149 | port = nmap.get_ports(host, port, "tcp", "open") 150 | end 151 | 152 | table.insert(plugin_response, porttable) 153 | 154 | if hostinfo ~= nil then 155 | table.insert(plugin_response, hostinfo) 156 | end 157 | 158 | return stdnse.format_output(true, plugin_response) 159 | end 160 | 161 | 162 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 163 | -- Connect to host:port and send WINNTI queries 164 | -- 165 | -- returns winnti_proven(bool),winnti_refuted(bool),message(string, table when winnti_proven==true) 166 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 167 | function check_wnti(host, port) 168 | 169 | -- Create socket 170 | local socket = nmap.new_socket() 171 | if (socket == nil) then 172 | return false, false, "Could not create socket" 173 | end 174 | 175 | socket:set_timeout(5000) 176 | 177 | -- Connect to host:port 178 | stdnse.debug("Connecting to %s:%i", host.ip, port.number) 179 | local status, result = socket:connect(host.ip, port.number) 180 | if (status == false) then 181 | return false, false, "Could not connect to host" 182 | end 183 | 184 | -- Send winnti magic 185 | stdnse.debug("Sending WINNTI HELO") 186 | status, result = socket:send(wnti_get_helo_pkt()) 187 | if (status == false) then 188 | return false, false, "Sending HELO failed" 189 | end 190 | 191 | -- Send Query-Host-Info 192 | stdnse.debug("Sending winnti get-host-info command") 193 | status, result = socket:send(wnti_get_queryhostinfo_pkt()) 194 | if (status == false) then 195 | return false, false, "Sending Winnti-PING failed" 196 | end 197 | 198 | -- Receive command confirmation 199 | status, result = wnti_receive(socket, 16) 200 | if (status == false) then 201 | return false, false, string.format("Receiving failed: %s", result) 202 | end 203 | 204 | -- Check response 205 | if result == "" or result:sub(1,8) ~= "\x10\x24\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00" then 206 | -- We got an answer and it reflects no winnti data 207 | -- or we got no answer due to the server service discarding the winnti command. 208 | -- Both cases indicate that there is no winnti active, hence set the winnti_refuted flag. 209 | return false, true, "Response is no winnti command confirmation" 210 | end 211 | 212 | -- At this point we have received a valid winnti response. Consequently the 213 | -- winnti_proven flag will be set when exiting the function. But before we return 214 | -- we try to get additional information about the host as a *goodie*. 215 | 216 | local hostinfo_tbl={} 217 | hostinfo_tbl['name']="HOSTINFO" 218 | 219 | -- Just receive again to fetch the data from the previous issued gethostinfo command 220 | status, result = wnti_receive(socket) 221 | if (status == false) then 222 | table.insert(hostinfo_tbl, "Receiving query-host-info packet failed") 223 | goto endfunc 224 | end 225 | 226 | -- Read fields from answer 227 | wnti_fill_hostinfo(hostinfo_tbl, result) 228 | 229 | ::endfunc:: 230 | -- winnti_proven=true, winnti_refuted=false 231 | return true, false, hostinfo_tbl 232 | end 233 | 234 | 235 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 236 | -- Return the WINNTI query-host-info packet 237 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 238 | function wnti_get_queryhostinfo_pkt() 239 | -- The plain query packet 240 | local pkt_queryhostinfo="\x20\x24\x42\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00" .. 241 | "\xBA\x8C\xC1\xAB\x0C\x59\x73\x09" .. 242 | "\x01\x04\x42\x00\x00\x00\x03\x08" .. 243 | "\x48\xE3\xDF\xE2\x63\x36\x8D\x70" .. 244 | "\xAA\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x2B\x2B" .. 245 | "\x00\x00\x00\x00\x28\x00\x00\x00" .. 246 | "\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00" .. 247 | "\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\x01\x00\x00" .. 248 | "\x00\x00\x16\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00" .. 249 | "\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00" .. 250 | "\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x04\x00" .. 251 | "\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00" 252 | -- The last two bytes 0400 define a message handler (maybe ^^) 253 | local enc_pkt = wnti_encrypt(pkt_queryhostinfo) .. "\x04\x00" 254 | 255 | stdnse.debug("Constructed QueryHostInfo packet: %s", tohex(enc_pkt)) 256 | return enc_pkt 257 | end 258 | 259 | 260 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 261 | -- Return a WINNTI HELO packet 262 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 263 | function wnti_get_helo_pkt() 264 | local l1 = math.random(1, 0xffffffff); 265 | local l2 = math.random(1, 0xffffffff); 266 | local l3 = math.random(1, 0xffffffff); 267 | 268 | local t3 = ( ( (l3 & 0xffff) << 16) | ((l3 & 0xffff0000) >> 16) ) 269 | local l0 = t3 ~ l2 270 | 271 | local pkt_helo = string.pack("