├── README.md └── assert ├── arxiv_language_model_papers.png ├── arxiv_smartcontract_papers.png ├── arxiv_vulnerability_papers.png └── llamaDetector.png /README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # Survey on Smart Contracts Auditing 2 | 3 |

4 | 5 |

6 | 7 | > A collection of papers and resources related to Smart Contract Auditing. 8 | > 9 | > The organization of papers refers to our survey [**"Survey on Quality Assurance of Smart Contracts"**](https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.00270). 10 | > 11 | > Please let us know if you find out a mistake or have any suggestions by e-mail: weizhiyuan@bit.edu.cn 12 | > 13 | > If you find our survey useful for your research, please cite the following paper: 14 | 15 | ```bibtex 16 | @article{10.1145/3695864, 17 | author = {Wei, Zhiyuan and Sun, Jing and Zhang, Zijian and Zhang, Xianhao and Yang, Xiaoxuan and Zhu, Liehuang}, 18 | title = {Survey on Quality Assurance of Smart Contracts}, 19 | year = {2024}, 20 | publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, 21 | address = {New York, NY, USA}, 22 | issn = {0360-0300}, 23 | url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3695864}, 24 | doi = {10.1145/3695864}, 25 | note = {Just Accepted}, 26 | journal = {ACM Comput. Surv.}, 27 | month = {sep}, 28 | keywords = {smart contract, security, vulnerabilities, attacks, defenses} 29 | } 30 | 31 | @article{wei2023comparative, 32 | title={A Comparative Evaluation of Automated Analysis Tools for Solidity Smart Contracts}, 33 | author={Wei, Zhiyuan and Sun, Jing and Zhang, Zijian and Zhang, Xianhao and Li, Meng and Zhu, Liehuang}, 34 | journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2310.20212}, 35 | year={2023} 36 | } 37 | ``` 38 | 39 | ## 🚀 Trends in Smart Contract Vulnerability Research 40 | Here are the trends of the cumulative numbers of arXiv papers that contain the keyphrases “smart contract” (since 2016) and “smart contract vulnerability” (since 2018), respectively. 41 | 42 |
43 | 44 | 45 | 49 | 53 | 54 |
46 | Number of Papers 47 |

(a) Number of Smart Contract Papers

48 | 		50 | Number of Vulnerability Papers 51 |

(b) Number of Smart Contract Vulnerability Papers

52 |
55 |
56 | 57 | ## Paper List 58 | 59 | #### Publication 60 | 61 | 1. **"Improving Smart Contract Security with Contrastive Learning-based Vulnerability Detectio"**. *Chen Y, Sun Z, Gong Z, et al.* Proceedings of the IEEE/ACM 46th International Conference on Software Engineering. 2024: 1-11. [[Paper](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2404.17839)] 62 | 63 | 2. **"Gptscan: Detecting logic vulnerabilities in smart contracts by combining gpt with program analysis"**. *Sun Y, Wu D, Xue Y, et al.* Proceedings of the IEEE/ACM 46th International Conference on Software Engineering. 2024: 1-13. [[Paper](https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/3597503.3639117)] 64 | 65 | 3. **"An Integrated Smart Contract Vulnerability Detection Tool Using Multi-layer Perceptron on Real-time Solidity Smart Contracts"** *Colin L S H, Mohan P M, Pan J, et al. IEEE Access, 2024 . [[Paper](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10430147)] 66 | 67 | 4. **"A novel smart contract reentrancy vulnerability detection model based on BiGAS"**. *Zhang L, Li Y, Guo R, et al.* Journal of Signal Processing Systems, 2024, 96(3): 215-237. [[Paper](https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1007/s11265-023-01859-7)] 68 | 69 | 5. **"Scvhunter: Smart contract vulnerability detection based on heterogeneous graph attention network"**. *Luo F, Luo R, Chen T, et al.* Proceedings of the IEEE/ACM 46th International Conference on Software Engineering. 2024: 1-13. [[Paper](https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3597503.3639213)] 70 | 71 | 6. **"CrossFuzz: Cross-contract fuzzing for smart contract vulnerability detection"**. *Yang H, Gu X, Chen X, et al.* Science of Computer Programming, 2024, 234: 103076. [[Paper](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167642323001582)] 72 | 73 | 7. **"DA-GNN: A smart contract vulnerability detection method based on Dual Attention Graph Neural Network"**. *Zhen Z, Zhao X, Zhang J, et al.* Computer Networks, 2024, 242: 110238. [[Paper](https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1016/j.comnet.2024.110238)] 74 | 75 | 8. **"An Interpretable Model for Large-Scale Smart Contract Vulnerability Detection"**. *Feng X, Liu H, Wang L, et al.* Blockchain: Research and Applications, 2024: 100209. [[Paper](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2096720924000228)] 76 | 77 | 9. **"Dappscan: building large-scale datasets for smart contract weaknesses in dapp projects"**. *Zheng Z, Su J, Chen J, et al.* IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, 2024. [[Paper](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10486822)] 78 | 79 | 10. **"Enhancing smart contract security: Leveraging pre-trained language models for advanced vulnerability detection"**. *He F, Li F, Liang P.* IET Blockchain, 2024. [[Paper](https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1049/blc2.12072)] 80 | 81 | 11. **"Are we there yet? unraveling the state-of-the-art smart contract fuzzers"**. *Wu S, Li Z, Yan L, et al.* Proceedings of the IEEE/ACM 46th International Conference on Software Engineering. 2024: 1-13. [[Paper](https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3597503.3639152)] 82 | 83 | 12. **"Improving Coverage and Vulnerability Detection in Smart Contract Testing Using Self-Adaptive Learning GA"**. *Sujeetha R, Akila K.* IETE Journal of Research, 2024, 70(2): 1593-1606. [[Paper](https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Improving-Coverage-and-Vulnerability-Detection-in-Sujeetha-Akila/fc9bc0abef193e9dc6385bffcd7427ec621818ba)] 84 | 85 | 13. **"Smartinv: Multimodal learning for smart contract invariant inference"**. *Wang S J, Pei K, Yang J.* 2024 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (SP). IEEE Computer Society, 2024: 126-126. [[Paper](https://www.computer.org/csdl/proceedings-article/sp/2024/313000a126/1Ub23GNTAeQ)] 86 | 87 | 14. **"SmartOracle: Generating Smart Contract Oracle via Fine-Grained Invariant Detection"**. *Su J, Chen J, Fang Z, et al.* arXiv preprint arXiv:2406.10054, 2024. [[Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.10054)] 88 | 89 | 15. **"Enhancing BERT-Based Language Model for Multi-label Vulnerability Detection of Smart Contract in Blockchain"**. *Tong V, Dao C, Tran H A, et al.* Journal of Network and Systems Management, 2024, 32(3): 63. [[Paper](https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1007/s10922-024-09832-w)] 90 | 91 | 16. **"Identifying Smart Contract Security Issues in Code Snippets from Stack Overflow"**. *Chen J, Chen C, Hu J, et al.* arXiv preprint arXiv:2407.13271, 2024. [[Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/2407.13271)] 92 | 93 | 17. **"Digital forensic framework for smart contract vulnerabilities using ensemble models"**. *JJ L, Singh K, Chakravarthi B.* Multimedia Tools and Applications, 2024, 83(17): 51469-51512. [[Paper](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11042-023-17308-3)] 94 | 95 | 18. **"Smart Contract and DeFi Security Tools: Do They Meet the Needs of Practitioners?"**. *Chaliasos S, Charalambous M A, Zhou L, et al.* Proceedings of the 46th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Software Engineering. 2024: 1-13. [[Paper](https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/3597503.3623302)] 96 | 97 | 19. **"Efficiently detecting reentrancy vulnerabilities in complex smart contracts"**. *Wang Z, Chen J, Wang Y, et al.* Proceedings of the ACM on Software Engineering, 2024, 1(FSE): 161-181. [[Paper](https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3643734)] 98 | 99 | 20. **"Combining Fine-Tuning and LLM-based Agents for Intuitive Smart Contract Auditing with Justifications"**. *Ma W, Wu D, Sun Y, et al.* arXiv preprint arXiv:2403.16073, 2024. [[Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.16073)] 100 | 101 | 21. **"Smart contract code repair recommendation based on reinforcement learning and multi-metric optimization"**. *Guo H, Chen Y, Chen X, et al.* ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology, 2024, 33(4): 1-31. [[Paper](https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3637229)] 102 | 103 | 22. **"Soley: Identification and Automated Detection of Logic Vulnerabilities in Ethereum Smart Contracts Using Large Language Models"**. *Soud M, Nuutinen W, Liebel G.* arXiv preprint arXiv:2406.16244, 2024. [[Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.16244)] 104 | 105 | 23. **"Automatic smart contract comment generation via large language models and in-context learning"**. *Zhao J, Chen X, Yang G, et al.* Information and Software Technology, 2024, 168: 107405. [[Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.10388)] 106 | 107 | 24. **"Blockchain for Secure Healthcare Using Internet of Medical Things (IoMT)"**. *Sunil Gupta, Hitesh Kumar Sharma, and Monit Kapoor.* Springer, 2023. [[Paper](https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-031-18896-1)] 108 | 109 | 25. **"Detecting functional and security-related issues in smart contracts: A systematic literature review"**. *Valentina Piantadosi, Giovanni Rosa, Davide Placella, Simone Scalabrino, and Rocco Oliveto.* Software: Practice and Experience 53, 2 (2023), 465–495. [[Paper](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/364412461_Detecting_functional_and_security-related_issues_in_smart_contracts_A_systematic_literature_review)] 110 | 111 | 26. **"When chatgpt meets smart contract vulnerability detection: How far are we?"**. *Chen C, Su J, Chen J, et al.* arXiv preprint arXiv:2309.05520, 2023. [[Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.05520)] 112 | 113 | 27. **"Blockchain applications for secured and resilient supply chains: A systematic literature review and future research agenda"**. *Rajesh Kumar Singh, Ruchi Mishra, Shivam Gupta, and Archana A Mukherjee.* Comput. Ind. Eng. 175 (2023), 108854. [[Paper](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0360835222008427)] 114 | 115 | 28. **"Detect defects of solidity smart contract based on the knowledge graph"**. *Hu T, Li B, Pan Z, et al.* IEEE Transactions on Reliability, 2023, 73(1): 186-202. [[Paper](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10025570)] 116 | 117 | 29. **"ASSBert: Active and semi-supervised bert for smart contract vulnerability detection"**. *Sun X, Tu L, Zhang J, et al.* Journal of Information Security and Applications, 2023, 73: 103423. [[Paper](https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1016/j.jisa.2023.103423)] 118 | 119 | 30. **"Smart contract vulnerability detection based on a semantic code structure and a self-designed neural network"**. *Ren X, Wu Y, Li J, et al.* Computers and Electrical Engineering, 2023, 109: 108766. [[Paper](https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1016/j.compeleceng.2023.108766)] 120 | 121 | 31. **"Deep learning-based solution for smart contract vulnerabilities detection"**. *Tang X, Du Y, Lai A, et al.* Scientific Reports, 2023, 13(1): 20106. [[Paper](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-47219-0)] 122 | 123 | 32. **"Smart contract vulnerability detection based on deep learning and multimodal decision fusion"**. *Deng W, Wei H, Huang T, et al.* Sensors, 2023, 23(16): 7246. [[Paper](https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/16/7246)] 124 | 125 | 33. **"Demystifying random number in ethereum smart contract: taxonomy, vulnerability identification, and attack detection"**. *Qian P, He J, Lu L, et al.* IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, 2023, 49(7): 3793-3810. [[Paper](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10111037)] 126 | 127 | 34. **"Ethereum smart contract vulnerability detection model based on triplet loss and BiLSTM"**. *Wang M, Xie Z, Wen X, et al.* Electronics, 2023, 12(10): 2327. [[Paper](https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/12/10/2327)] 128 | 129 | 35. **"Detecting smart contract vulnerabilities with combined binary and multiclass classification"**. *Mezina A, Ometov A.* Cryptography, 2023, 7(3): 34. [[Paper](https://www.mdpi.com/2410-387X/7/3/34)] 130 | 131 | 36. **"Large language model-powered smart contract vulnerability detection: New perspectives"**. *Hu S, Huang T, İlhan F, et al.* 2023 5th IEEE International Conference on Trust, Privacy and Security in Intelligent Systems and Applications (TPS-ISA). IEEE, 2023: 297-306. [[Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.01152)] 132 | 133 | 37. **"HGAT: smart contract vulnerability detection method based on hierarchical graph attention network"**. *Ma C, Liu S, Xu G.* Journal of Cloud Computing, 2023, 12(1): 93. [[Paper](https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1186/s13677-023-00459-x)] 134 | 135 | 38. **"A smart contract vulnerability detection model based on syntactic and semantic fusion learning"**. *Han D, Li Q, Zhang L, et al.* Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, 2023, 2023(1): 9212269. [[Paper](https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1155/2023/9212269)] 136 | 137 | 39. **"Cross-modality mutual learning for enhancing smart contract vulnerability detection on bytecode"**. *Qian P, Liu Z, Yin Y, et al.* Proceedings of the ACM Web Conference 2023. 2023: 2220-2229. [[Paper](https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3543507.3583367)] 138 | 139 | 40. **"Pscvfinder: a prompt-tuning based framework for smart contract vulnerability detection"**. *Yu L, Lu J, Liu X, et al.* 2023 IEEE 34th International Symposium on Software Reliability Engineering (ISSRE). IEEE, 2023: 556-567. [[Paper](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10301244)] 140 | 141 | 41. **"SVScanner: Detecting smart contract vulnerabilities via deep semantic extraction"**. *Zhang H, Zhang W, Feng Y, et al.* Journal of Information Security and Applications, 2023, 75: 103484. [[Paper](https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1016/j.jisa.2023.103484)] 142 | 143 | 42. **"A Smart Contract Vulnerability Detection Method Based on Multimodal Feature Fusion and Deep Learning"**. *Li J, Lu G, Gao Y, et al.* Mathematics, 2023, 11(23): 4823. [[Paper](https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/11/23/4823)] 144 | 145 | 43. **"Toward automated detecting unanticipated price feed in smart contract"**. *Mo Y, Chen J, Wang Y, et al.* Proceedings of the 32nd ACM SIGSOFT International Symposium on Software Testing and Analysis. 2023: 1257-1268. [[Paper](https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3597926.3598133)] 146 | 147 | 44. **"Achecker: Statically detecting smart contract access control vulnerabilities"**. *Ghaleb A, Rubin J, Pattabiraman K.* 2023 IEEE/ACM 45th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE). IEEE, 2023: 945-956. [[Paper](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10172877)] 148 | 149 | 45. **"Detection of vulnerabilities of blockchain smart contracts"**. *He D, Wu R, Li X, et al.* IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 2023, 10(14): 12178-12185. [[Paper](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10034747)] 150 | 151 | 46. **"Smart contract vulnerability detection based on semantic graph and residual graph convolutional networks with edge attention"**. *Chen D, Feng L, Fan Y, et al.* Journal of Systems and Software, 2023, 202: 111705. [[Paper](https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1016/j.jss.2023.111705)] 152 | 153 | 47. **"MSmart: Smart contract vulnerability analysis and improved strategies based on smartcheck"**. *Fei J, Chen X, Zhao X.* Applied Sciences, 2023, 13(3): 1733. [[Paper](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/367538276_MSmart_Smart_Contract_Vulnerability_Analysis_and_Improved_Strategies_Based_on_Smartcheck)] 154 | 155 | 48. **"GraBit: A Sequential Model-Based Framework for Smart Contract Vulnerability Detection"**. *Zhu H, Yang K, Wang L, et al.* 2023 IEEE 34th International Symposium on Software Reliability Engineering (ISSRE). IEEE, 2023: 568-577. [[Paper](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10301241)] 156 | 157 | 49. **"CDRF: A Detection Method of Smart Contract Vulnerability Based on Random Forest"**. *Huang M, Yang J, Liu C.* International Conference on Provable Security. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023: 407-428. [[Paper](https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1007/978-3-031-45513-1_22)] 158 | 159 | 50. **"ConvMHSA-SCVD: Enhancing Smart Contract Vulnerability Detection through a Knowledge-Driven and Data-Driven Framework"**. *Li M, Ren X, Fu H, et al.* 2023 IEEE 34th International Symposium on Software Reliability Engineering (ISSRE). IEEE, 2023: 578-589. [[Paper](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10301256)] 160 | 161 | 51. **"A New Smart Contract Anomaly Detection Method by Fusing Opcode and Source Code Features for Blockchain Services"**. *Duan L, Yang L, Liu C, et al.* IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management, 2023, 20(4): 4354-4368. [[Paper](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10130487)] 162 | 163 | 52. **"Multi-model Smart Contract Vulnerability Detection Based on BiGRU"**. *Song S, Yu X, Ma Y, et al.* International Conference on Neural Information Processing. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023: 3-14. [[Paper](https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-99-8132-8_1)] 164 | 165 | 53. **"W2V-SA: A Deep Neural Network-based Approach to Smart Contract Vulnerability Detection"**. *Xu Z, Li C, Han H, et al.* COLINS (1). 2023: 249-262. [[Paper](https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/W2V-SA%3A-A-Deep-Neural-Network-based-Approach-to-Xu-Li/b657062671ad26b8d2efbce09f537b2c8b44c363)] 166 | 167 | 54. **"SCGformer: Smart contract vulnerability detection based on control flow graph and transformer"**. *Gong K X, Song X, Wang N, et al.* IET Blockchain, 2023, 3(4): 213-221. [[Paper](https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1049/blc2.12046)] 168 | 169 | 55. **"SolGPT: A GPT-Based Static Vulnerability Detection Model for Enhancing Smart Contract Security"**. *Zeng S, Zhang H, Wang J, et al.* International Conference on Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023: 42-62. [[Paper](https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1007/978-981-97-0859-8_3)] 170 | 171 | 56. **"Improvement and optimization of vulnerability detection methods for ethernet smart contracts"**. *Yang Z, Zhu W, Yu M.* IEEE Access, 2023, 11: 78207-78223. [[Paper](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/10192903)] 172 | 173 | 57. **"Vulnerable Smart Contract Function Locating Based on Multi-Relational Nested Graph Convolutional Network"**. *Liu H, Fan Y, Feng L, et al.* Journal of Systems and Software, 2023, 204: 111775. [[Paper](https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1016/j.jss.2023.111775)] 174 | 175 | 58. **"An efficient approach to secure smart contract of Ethereum blockchain using hybrid security analysis approach"**. *Kushwaha S S, Joshi S, Gupta A K.* Journal of Discrete Mathematical Sciences and Cryptography, 2023, 26(5): 1499-1517. [[Paper](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/373808131_An_efficient_approach_to_secure_smart_contract_of_Ethereum_blockchain_using_hybrid_security_analysis_approach)] 176 | 177 | 59. **"Vulnerability Detection of Ethereum Smart Contract Based on SolBERT-BiGRU-Attention Hybrid Neural Model"**. *Xu G, Liu L, Dong J.* CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, 2023, 137(1). [[Paper](https://www.sciencedirect.com/org/science/article/pii/S1526149223003430)] 178 | 179 | 60. **"Mando-hgt: Heterogeneous graph transformers for smart contract vulnerability detection"**. *Nguyen H H, Nguyen N M, Xie C, et al.* 2023 IEEE/ACM 20th International Conference on Mining Software Repositories (MSR). IEEE, 2023: 334-346. [[Paper](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10174104)] 180 | 181 | 61. **"A novel extended multimodal AI framework towards vulnerability detection in smart contracts"**. *Jie W, Chen Q, Wang J, et al.* Information Sciences, 2023, 636: 118907. [[Paper](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0020025523004565)] 182 | 183 | 62. **"Smart contract vulnerability detection based on hybrid attention mechanism model"**. *Wu H, Dong H, He Y, et al.* Applied Sciences, 2023, 13(2): 770. [[Paper](https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/2/770)] 184 | 185 | 63. **"Deep learning-based malicious smart contract and intrusion detection system for IoT environment"**. *Shah H, Shah D, Jadav N K, et al.* Mathematics, 2023, 11(2): 418. [[Paper](https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/11/2/418)] 186 | 187 | 64. **"Review of healthcare industry 4.0 application-based blockchain in terms of security and privacy development attributes: Comprehensive taxonomy, open issues and challenges and recommended solution"**. *Sarah Qahtan, Khaironi Yatim Sharif, Hazura Zulzalil, Mohd Hafeez Osman, A. Zaidan, and Hassan A. Alsattar.* J. Netw. Comput. Appl. 209 (2023), 103529. [[Paper](https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1016/j.jnca.2022.103529)] 188 | 189 | 65. **"Malicious Contract Detection for Blockchain Network Using Lightweight Deep Learning Implemented through Explainable AI"**. *Kang Y, Kim W, Kim H, et al.* Electronics, 2023, 12(18): 3893. [[Paper](https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/12/18/3893)] 190 | 191 | 66. **"Hymo: Vulnerability detection in smart contracts using a novel multi-modal hybrid model"**. *Khodadadi M, Tahmoresnezhad J.* arXiv preprint arXiv:2304.13103, 2023. [[Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/2304.13103)] 192 | 193 | 67. **"SCGRU: A Model for Ethereum Smart Contract Vulnerability Detection Combining CNN and BiGRU-Attention"**. *Liang J, Zhai Y.* 2023 8th International Conference on Signal and Image Processing (ICSIP). IEEE, 2023: 831-837. [[Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/2304.13103)] 194 | 195 | 68. **"Evaluation of Smart Contract Vulnerability Analysis Tools: A Domain-Specific Perspective"**. *Lashkari B, Musilek P.* Information, 2023, 14(10): 533. [[Paper](https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/14/10/533)] 196 | 197 | 69. **"Smart contract analyzer. a tool for detecting fraudulent token contracts"**. *Imeri A, Grandjean T, Gharsallaoui O, et al.* International Congress on Blockchain and Applications. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023: 244-253. [[Paper](https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-45155-3_25)] 198 | 199 | 70. **"Tp-detect: trigram-pixel based vulnerability detection for ethereum smart contracts"**. *Srinivasan P.* Multimedia Tools and Applications, 2023, 82(23): 36379-36393. [[Paper](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11042-023-15042-4)] 200 | 201 | 71. **"MultiVul-GCN: automatic smart contract vulnerability detection using multi-graph convolutional networks"**. *Appiah R.* University of British Columbia, 2023. [[Paper](https://open.library.ubc.ca/soa/cIRcle/collections/ubctheses/24/items/1.0431387)] 202 | 203 | 72. **"Automation and smart materials in detecting smart contracts vulnerabilities in Blockchain using deep learning"**. *Narayana K L, Sathiyamurthy K.* Materials Today: Proceedings, 2023, 81: 653-659. [[Paper](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2214785321030273)] 204 | 205 | 73. **"Gas-expensive patterns detection to optimize smart contracts"**. *Li J, Zhao Z, Su Z, et al.* Applied Soft Computing, 2023, 145: 110542. [[Paper](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1568494623005604)] 206 | 207 | 74. **"Do you still need a manual smart contract audit?"**. *David I, Zhou L, Qin K, et al.* arXiv preprint arXiv:2306.12338, 2023. [[Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.12338)] 208 | 209 | 75. **"Siguard: Detecting Signature-Related Vulnerabilities in Smart Contracts"**. *Zhang J, Li Y, Gao J, et al.* 2023 IEEE/ACM 45th International Conference on Software Engineering: Companion Proceedings (ICSE-Companion). IEEE, 2023: 31-35. [[Paper](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10172637)] 210 | 211 | 76. **"Rethinking smart contract fuzzing: Fuzzing with invocation ordering and important branch revisiting"**. *Liu Z, Qian P, Yang J, et al.* IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security, 2023, 18: 1237-1251. [[Paper](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10018241)] 212 | 213 | 77. **"Ityfuzz: Snapshot-based fuzzer for smart contract"**. *Shou C, Tan S, Sen K.* Proceedings of the 32nd ACM SIGSOFT International Symposium on Software Testing and Analysis. 2023: 322-333. [[Paper](https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3597926.3598059)] 214 | 215 | 78. **"A Data Science Pipeline for Algorithmic Trading: A Comparative Study of Applications for Finance and Cryptoeconomics"**. *Luyao Zhang, Tianyu Wu, Saad Lahrichi, Carlos-Gustavo Salas-Flores, and Jiayi Li.* IEEE International Conference on Blockchain, Blockchain 2022, Espoo, Finland, August 22-25, 2022. IEEE, 298-303. [[Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/2206.14932)] 216 | 217 | 79. **"Ethereum Smart Contract Analysis Tools: A Systematic Review"**. *Kushwaha S S, Joshi S, Singh D, et al.* IEEE Access, 2022. 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[[Paper](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9461148)] 658 | 659 | 300. **"Town crier: An authenticated data feed for smart contracts"**. *Fan Zhang, Ethan Cecchetti, Kyle Croman, Ari Juels, and Elaine Shi.* In Proceedings of the 2016 ACM SIGSAC conference on computer and communications security. 270-282. [[Paper](https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/2976749.2978326)] 660 | 661 | 301. **"Hawk: The Blockchain Model of Cryptography and Privacy-Preserving Smart Contracts"**. *Ahmed E. Kosba, Andrew Miller, Elaine Shi, Zikai Wen, and Charalampos Papamanthou.* In IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy, SP 2016, San Jose, CA, USA, May 22-26, 2016. IEEE Computer Society, 839-858. [[Paper](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7546538)] 662 | 663 | 302. **"Formal verification of smart contracts"**. *K. Bhargavan, N. Swamy, S. Zanella-Béguelin, A. Delignat-Lavaud, C. Fournet, A. Gollamudi, G. Gonthier, N. Kobeissi, N. Kulatova, A. Rastogi, and T. Sibut-Pinote.* In Proc. of ACM PLAS. ACM Press, 91-96. [[Paper](https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/2993600.2993611)] 664 | 665 | 303. **"SACO: Static Analyzer for Concurrent Objects"**. *Elvira Albert, Puri Arenas, Antonio Flores-Montoya, Samir Genaim, Miguel Gómez-Zamalloa, Enrique Martin-Martin, German Puebla, and Guillermo Román-Díez.* In Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems - 20th International Conference, TACAS 2014, Held as Part of the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2014, Grenoble, France, April 5-13, 2014. Proceedings. Springer, 562-567. [[Paper](https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-54862-8_46)] 666 | 667 | 304. **"Ethereum: A secure decentralised generalised transaction ledger"**. *Gavin Wood et al.* Ethereum project yellow paper 151, 2014 (2014), 1-32. [[Paper](https://ethereum.github.io/yellowpaper/paper.pdf)] 668 | 669 | 305. **"TaintDroid: An Information-Flow Tracking System for Realtime Privacy Monitoring on Smartphones"**. *William Enck, Peter Gilbert, Seungyeop Han, Vasant Tendulkar, Byung-Gon Chun, Landon P. Cox, Jaeyeon Jung, Patrick D. McDaniel, and Anmol N. Sheth.* ACM Trans. Comput. Syst. 32, 2 (2014), 5:1-5:29. [[Paper](https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/2619091)] 670 | 671 | 306. **"Automatic Inference of Upper Bounds for Recurrence Relations in Cost Analysis"**. *Elvira Albert, Puri Arenas, Samir Genaim, and Germán Puebla.* In Static Analysis, 15th International Symposium, SAS 2008, Valencia, Spain, July 16-18, 2008. Proceedings. Springer, 221-237. [[Paper](https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-540-69166-2_15)] 672 | 673 | 307. **"WhylSon: Proving your Michelson Smart Contracts in Why3"**. *da Horta L P A, Reis J S, Pereira M, et al.* arXiv preprint arXiv:2005.14650. [[Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.14650)] 674 | 675 | 308. **"Deductive proof of ethereum smart contracts using why3"**. *Nehai Z, Bobot F.* arXiv preprint arXiv:1904.11281. [[Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1904.11281)] 676 | 677 | 309. **"Smart Contract Vulnerability Detection Technique: A Survey"**. *Qian P, Liu Z, He Q, et al.* arXiv preprint arXiv:2209.05872. [[Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/2209.05872)] 678 | 679 | 680 | 681 | ## List of Detection Tools 682 | 683 | | Id | Proposal/Tool | Method | Input Data | Accessible? | Link | 684 | |--|:-------------:|:------:|:----------:|:-----------:|:----:| 685 | |1| Soley et al. | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.210683) | 686 | |2| Guo et al. | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 687 | |3| Ma et al. | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 688 | |4| Wang et al. | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 689 | |5| JJ L et al. | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 690 | |6| Chen et al. | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 691 | |7| Tong et al. | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 692 | |8| SmartOracle | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 693 | |9| Smartinv | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 694 | |10| Sujeetha et al. | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 695 | |11| Wu et al. | Fuzzing | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 696 | |12| He et al. | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 697 | |13| Feng et al. | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 698 | |14| DA-GNN | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 699 | |15| Yang et al. | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 700 | |16| Scvhunter | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 701 | |17| Zhang et al. | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 702 | |18| Colin et al. | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 703 | |19| GPTScan | ML | Source code | Yes | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.03314) [Tool](https://github.com/MetaTrustLabs/GPTScan) | 704 | |20| Chen et al. | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 705 | |21| Ityfuzz | Fuzzing | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910) | 706 | |22| Liu et al. | Fuzzing | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 707 | |23| Siguard | Symbolic Exection | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 708 | |24| David et al. | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 709 | |25| Li et al. | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 710 | |26| Narayana et al. | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 711 | |27| MultiVul-GCN | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 712 | |28| Tp-detect | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 713 | |29| SCGRU | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 714 | |30| Kang et al. | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 715 | |31| Hymo | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 716 | |32| Jie et al. | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 717 | |33| Mando-hgt | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 718 | |34| Xu et al. | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 719 | |35| Kushwaha et al. | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 720 | |36| Liu et al. | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 721 | |37| Yang et al. | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 722 | |38| Zeng et al. | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 723 | |39| SCGformer | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 724 | |40| Xu et al. | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 725 | |41| Song et al. | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.210683) | 726 | |42| Duan et al. | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 727 | |43| ConvMHSA-SCVD | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 728 | |44| CDRF | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 729 | |45| GraBit | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 730 | |46| Fei et al. | IR | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 731 | |47| Chen et al. | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 732 | |48| Achecker et al. | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 733 | |49| Mo et al. | Formal Verification | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 734 | |50| Li et al. | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 735 | |51| SVScanner | Fuzzing | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 736 | |52| Pscvfinder | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 737 | |53| Qian et al. | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 738 | |54| Han et al. | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 739 | |55| Ma et al. | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 740 | |56| Hu et al. | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 741 | |57| Wang et al. | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 742 | |58| Mezina et al. | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 743 | |59| Cai et al. | ML | Source code | no | [Tool](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 744 | |60| Qian et al. | Static Taint | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 745 | |61| Deng et al. | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.210683) | 746 | |62| Ren et al. | Fuzzing | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 747 | |63| ASSBert | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 748 | |64| Hu et al. | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 749 | |65| Shah et al. | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 750 | |66| Wu et al. | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 751 | |67| Tang et al. | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 752 | |68| Chen et al. | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 753 | |69| DefectChecker | Symbolic Execution | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) [Tool](https://github.com/HumaniSELab/DefectChecker)| 754 | |70| ReDefender et al. | Fuzzing | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 755 | |71| SmartMixModel | Fuzzing | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 756 | |72| SolSEE | Symbolic Execution | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 757 | |73| ExGen | Symbolic Execution | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 758 | |74| solgraph | -- | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 759 | |75| EtherGIS| ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 760 | |76| Vulpedia | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 761 | |77| EOSIOAnalyzer | IR | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 762 | |78| Vrust | IR | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 763 | |79| VetSC | Foraml Verication | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 764 | |80| CodeNet | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 765 | |81| eTainter | -- | Source code | no | [Paper](https://www.asemghaleb.com/assets/pdf/issta22.pdf) | 766 | |82| SmartFast | IR | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 767 | |83| SolChecker | Formal Verification | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 768 | |84| SVChecker | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 769 | |85| SKEE | Symbolic Execution | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 770 | |86| Huang et al. | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 771 | |87| Liu et al. | -- | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 772 | |88| Zhang et al. | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 773 | |89| Sailfish | -- | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 774 | |90| SciviK | IR | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 775 | |91| EthVer | Formal Verification | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 776 | |92| SmartPulase | IR | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 777 | |93| Pluto | Symbolic Execution | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 778 | |94| Horus | Formal Verification | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 779 | |95| COnFuzzius | Formal & Fuzzing | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 780 | |96| Gas Gauge | Fuziing & IR | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 781 | |97| Eth2Vec | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 782 | |98| NeuCheck | IR | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 783 | |99| SmartScan | Formal Verification | Source code | no | [Tool](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 784 | |100| SolGuard | Formal Verification | Source code | no | [Paper](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0020025521007994) | 785 | |101| Solidifier | Formal Verification | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2002.02710) | 786 | |102| ReDefect | Symbolic Execution | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 787 | |103| GasChecker | Fuzzing | Source code | no | [Paper](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9026761) | 788 | |104| SmartTest | Symbolic Execution | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 789 | |105| Frontrunner-Jones | Formal Verification | Source code | yes | [Paper](https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity21/presentation/torres) [Tool](https://github.com/christoftorres/Frontrunner-Jones) | 790 | |106| ContractWard | ML | Source code | yes | [Paper](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/8967006) | 791 | |107| ESCORT | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.12607) | 792 | |108| Conkas | Symbolic Execution & IR | Source code / bytecode| yes | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) [Tool](https://github.com/nveloso/conkas)| 793 | |109| VeriSmart | Formal Verification | Source code | yes | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) [Tool](https://github.com/informartin/VeriSmart)| 794 | |110| FSolidM/VeriSolid | Formal Verification | Source code | yes | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) [Tool](https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-662-58387-6_28) | 795 | |111| EthBMC | Symbolic Execution | Source code | yes | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) [Tool](https://github.com/RUB-SysSec/EthBMC)| 796 | |112| sFuzz | Fuzzing | Source code | no | [Paper](https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/3377811.3380334) [Tool](https://github.com/duytai/sFuzz) | 797 | |113| DR-GCN/TMP | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://www.ijcai.org/Proceedings/2020/0454.pdf) | 798 | |114| ContractGuard | Intrusion Detection | Source code | no | [Paper](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/8883087) | 799 | |115| Ethainter | Formal Verification | Source code | no | [Paper](https://www.nevillegrech.com/assets/pdf/ethainter-pldi.pdf) | 800 | |116| eThor | Formal Verification | bytecode | no | [Paper](https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/3372297.3417250) | 801 | |117| SmartSheild | Formal Verification | bytecode | no | [Paper](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9054825) | 802 | |118| VerX | Formal & Symbolic | Source code| no | [Paper](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9152791) | 803 | |119| GASOL | Symbolic | Source code | no | [Paper](https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-45237-7_7) | 804 | |120| RA | Formal & Symbolic | Source code | no | [Paper](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9284679) [Tool](https://github.com/wanidon/RA)| 805 | |121| EthPloit | Fuzzing | Source code | yes | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.210683) [Tool](https://github.com/dliuproduction/ethploits) | 806 | |122| Harvey | Fuzzing | Source code | no | [Paper](https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/3368089.3417064) | 807 | |123| SODA | -- | Source code | yes | [Paper](https://www.ndss-symposium.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/24449.pdf) [Tool](https://github.com/pandabox-dev/SODA) | 808 | |124| Solythesis | -- | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) [Tool](https://github.com/aoli-al/Solythesis) | 809 | |125| TxSpector | Runntime Monitoring | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) [Tool](https://github.com/OSUSecLab/TxSpector) | 810 | |126| Gastap | Symbolic Execution | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/pdf/1811.10403) [Tool](https://costa.fdi.ucm.es/gastap/) | 811 | |127| ÆGIS | -- | Source code | yes | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2003.05987) [Tool](https://github.com/christoftorres/Aegis) | 812 | |128| Echidna | Fuzzer | Source code | yes | [Paper1](https://agroce.github.io/issta21.pdf) [Paper2](https://agroce.github.io/issta20.pdf) [Tool](https://github.com/crytic/echidna) | 813 | |129| Octopus | Symbolic & IR | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) [Tool](https://github.com/FuzzingLabs/octopus) | 814 | |130| VulDeeSmartContract | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/8970384) [Tool](https://github.com/Messi-Q/ReChecker) | 815 | |131| Sereum | Symbolic Execution | Source code | yes | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) [Tool](https://github.com/uni-due-syssec/eth-reentrancy-attack-patterns) | 816 | |132| Annotary | Symbolic Execution | Source code | yes | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) [Tool](https://github.com/Fraunhofer-AISEC/annotary-sublime-plugin) | 817 | |133| Mythril | Formal & Symbolic | Source code | yes | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) [Tool](https://github.com/Consensys/mythril) | 818 | |134| SolidityCheck | IR | Source code | yes | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) [Tool](https://github.com/xf97/SolidityCheck) | 819 | |135| Slither | IR | Source code | yes | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) [Tool](https://github.com/crytic/slither) | 820 | |136| solc-verify | Formal Verification | Source code | yes | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) [Tool](https://github.com/hajduakos/solidity-summit-demo?tab=readme-ov-file) | 821 | |137| HoneyBadger | Symbolic Execution | Source code | yes | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) [Tool](https://github.com/christoftorres/HoneyBadger) | 822 | |138| ILF | Symbolic & Fuzzing & ML | Source code | yes | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) [Tool](https://github.com/eth-sri/ilf) | 823 | |139| Vultron | Fuzzing | Source code | yes | [Paper](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/8805696)[Tool](https://github.com/ntu-SRSLab/vultron) | 824 | |140| SIF | Formal Verification | Source code | yes | [Paper](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/8945726) [Tool](https://github.com/chao-peng/SIF) | 825 | |141| SolAnalyser | Formal Verification | Source code | yes | [Paper](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/8945725/) [Tool](https://github.com/sefaakca/SolAnalyser)| 826 | |142| sCompile | Symbolic Execution | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/pdf/1808.00624) | 827 | |143| FEther | Formal & Symbolic | Source code | yes | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) [Tool](https://github.com/openethereum/fether)| 828 | |144| NPChecker | IR | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 829 | |145| SoliAudit | Fuzing & ML | Source code | yes | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) [Tool](https://github.com/jianwei76/SoliAudit) | 830 | |146| Manticore | Symbolic Execution | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) [Tool](https://github.com/trailofbits/manticore) | 831 | |147| VeriSol | Formal Verification | Source code | yes | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) [Tool](https://github.com/microsoft/verisol) | 832 | |148| solhint | -- | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) [Tool](https://github.com/protofire/solhint) | 833 | |149| KEVM | Formal Verification | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 834 | |150| Isabelle/Hol | Formal Verification | Source code | yes | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) [Tool](https://github.com/pirapira/eth-isabelle) | 835 | |151| EtherTrust | ML | Source code | yes | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) [Tool](https://github.com/rauljordan/ethertrust)| 836 | |152| SolMet | Formal Verification | Source code | yes | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) [Tool](https://github.com/chicxurug/SolMet-Solidity-parser)| 837 | |153| Vandal | IR | Source code | yes | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/pdf/1809.03981) [Tool](https://github.com/usyd-blockchain/vandal) | 838 | |154| Maian | Symbolic Execution | Source code | yes | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) [Tool](https://github.com/ivicanikolicsg/MAIAN) | 839 | |155| Securify v2.0 | Symbolic Execution | Source code | yes | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) [Tool](https://github.com/eth-sri/securify2) | 840 | |156| teEther | Symbolic Execution | Source code | yes | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) [Tool](https://github.com/nescio007/teether)| 841 | |157| Osiris | Symbolic Execution | Source code | yes | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) [Tool](https://github.com/christoftorres/Osiris)| 842 | |158| SaferSC | ML | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 843 | |159| ContractFuzzer | Fuzzing | Source code | yes | [Tool](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) [Tool](https://github.com/gongbell/ContractFuzzer) | 844 | |160| F framework | Formal Verification | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 845 | |161| Zeus | Formal Verification | Source code | yes | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) [Tool](https://github.com/zeustrade/zeus-contracts)| 846 | |162| SASC | Symbolic Execution | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 847 | |163| Reguard | Fuzzing | Source code | no | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) | 848 | |164| MadMax | IR | Source code | Yes | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) [Tool](https://github.com/nevillegrech/MadMax) | 849 | |165| ContractLarva | Rumtime Verification | Source code | Yes | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) [Tool](https://github.com/gordonpace/contractLarva) | 850 | |166| Smartcheck | Symbolic Execution | Source code | Yes | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) [Tool](https://github.com/smartdec/smartcheck)| 851 | |167| EthIR | IR | Bytecode | yes | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) [Tool](https://github.com/terry2012/EthIR) | 852 | |168| ECFChecker | -- | Source code | Yes | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) [Tool](https://github.com/shellygr/ECFChecker) | 853 | |169| Oyente | Symbolic Execution | Source code | Yes | [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) [Tool](https://github.com/enzymefinance/oyente) | 854 | 855 | 856 | 857 | ### Bechmark Datasets 858 | 859 | 1. **smartcontract-benchmark** 860 | - 100 vulnerable contracts 861 | - 10 safe contract 862 | - [[Link](https://github.com/WeiZ-boot/Smartcontract-benchmark)] 863 | 864 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /assert/arxiv_language_model_papers.png: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/WeiZ-boot/survey-on-smart-contract-vulnerability/03c42281b08d6e186f647c05a9eb4ff96d0661c1/assert/arxiv_language_model_papers.png -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /assert/arxiv_smartcontract_papers.png: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/WeiZ-boot/survey-on-smart-contract-vulnerability/03c42281b08d6e186f647c05a9eb4ff96d0661c1/assert/arxiv_smartcontract_papers.png -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /assert/arxiv_vulnerability_papers.png: 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