├── .gitignore ├── nvidia-xrun-pm.service ├── launchers ├── nvidia-xrun-plasma.desktop └── nvidia-xrun-openbox.desktop ├── nvidia-xorg.conf ├── nvidia-xinitrc ├── config └── nvidia-xrun ├── nvidia-xrun ├── README.md └── LICENSE /.gitignore: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # Created by .ignore support plugin (hsz.mobi) 2 | nvidia-xrun.iml 3 | .idea 4 | test-install.sh 5 | test-cleanup.sh -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /nvidia-xrun-pm.service: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | [Unit] 2 | Description="Remove Nvidia GPU from kernel devices list and enable PM" 3 | 4 | [Service] 5 | Type=oneshot 6 | Environment="TURN_OFF_GPU_ONLY=1" 7 | ExecStart=/usr/bin/nvidia-xrun 8 | 9 | [Install] 10 | WantedBy=multi-user.target 11 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /launchers/nvidia-xrun-plasma.desktop: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | [Desktop Entry] 2 | Encoding=UTF-8 3 | Name=Plasma(Nvidia Xrun) 4 | Comment=Plasma by KDE running with nvidia-xrun 5 | Type=XSession 6 | Exec=/usr/bin/nvidia-xrun /usr/bin/startkde 7 | TryExec=/usr/bin/nvidia-xrun /usr/bin/startkde 8 | DesktopNames=KDE 9 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /launchers/nvidia-xrun-openbox.desktop: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | [Desktop Entry] 2 | Encoding=UTF-8 3 | Name=Openbox(Nvidia Xrun) 4 | Comment=Log in using the Openbox window manager (running with nvidia-xrun) 5 | Type=Application 6 | Exec=/usr/bin/nvidia-xrun /usr/bin/openbox-session 7 | TryExec=/usr/bin/nvidia-xrun /usr/bin/openbox-session 8 | Icon=openbox 9 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /nvidia-xorg.conf: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | Section "Files" 2 | ModulePath "/usr/lib/nvidia" 3 | ModulePath "/usr/lib32/nvidia" 4 | ModulePath "/usr/lib32/nvidia/xorg/modules" 5 | ModulePath "/usr/lib32/xorg/modules" 6 | ModulePath "/usr/lib64/nvidia/xorg/modules" 7 | ModulePath "/usr/lib64/nvidia/xorg" 8 | ModulePath "/usr/lib64/xorg/modules" 9 | EndSection 10 | 11 | Section "ServerLayout" 12 | Identifier "layout" 13 | Screen 1 "nvidia" 14 | Inactive "intel" 15 | EndSection 16 | 17 | Section "Device" 18 | Identifier "nvidia" 19 | Driver "nvidia" 20 | BusID "PCI:1:0:0" 21 | EndSection 22 | 23 | Section "Screen" 24 | Identifier "nvidia" 25 | Device "nvidia" 26 | # Option "AllowEmptyInitialConfiguration" "Yes" 27 | # Option "UseDisplayDevice" "none" 28 | EndSection 29 | 30 | Section "Device" 31 | Identifier "intel" 32 | Driver "modesetting" 33 | Option "AccelMethod" "none" 34 | EndSection 35 | 36 | Section "Screen" 37 | Identifier "intel" 38 | Device "intel" 39 | EndSection 40 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /nvidia-xinitrc: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | 3 | CONFIG_DIR=${XDG_CONFIG_HOME:-$HOME/.config}/X11 4 | userresources=$CONFIG_DIR/xresources 5 | usermodmap=$CONFIG_DIR/xmodmap 6 | sysresources=/etc/X11/xinit/.Xresources 7 | sysmodmap=/etc/X11/xinit/.Xmodmap 8 | userxinitrc=$CONFIG_DIR/nvidia-xinitrc 9 | 10 | # merge in defaults and keymaps 11 | if [[ -f ${sysresources} ]]; then 12 | xrdb -merge ${sysresources} 13 | fi 14 | 15 | if [[ -f ${sysmodmap} ]]; then 16 | xmodmap ${sysmodmap} 17 | fi 18 | 19 | if [[ -f "$userresources" ]]; then 20 | xrdb -merge "$userresources" 21 | fi 22 | 23 | if [[ -f "$usermodmap" ]]; then 24 | xmodmap "$usermodmap" 25 | fi 26 | 27 | export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib64/nvidia/:/usr/lib32/nvidia:/usr/lib:${LD_LIBRARY_PATH} 28 | 29 | # load additional configs 30 | if [[ -d /etc/X11/xinit/nvidia-xinitrc.d ]] ; then 31 | for f in /etc/X11/xinit/nvidia-xinitrc.d/?*.sh ; do 32 | [[ -x "$f" ]] && . "$f" 33 | done 34 | unset f 35 | fi 36 | 37 | xrandr --setprovideroutputsource modesetting NVIDIA-0 38 | xrandr --auto 39 | 40 | if [[ -f "$userxinitrc" ]]; then 41 | sh ${userxinitrc} $* 42 | else 43 | if [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; then 44 | sh -c "exec $*" 45 | fi 46 | fi 47 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /config/nvidia-xrun: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # When enabled, nvidia-xrun will turn the card on before attempting to load the 2 | # modules and running the command, and turn it off after the commands exits and 3 | # the modules gets unloaded. If order for this to work, CONTROLLER_BUS_ID and 4 | # DEVICE_BUS_ID must be set correctly. IDs can be found by by inspecting the 5 | # output of lshw. 6 | ENABLE_PM=1 7 | 8 | # When PM is enabled, remove the card from the system after the command exists 9 | # and modules unload: the card will be readded in the next nvidia-xrun 10 | # execution before loading the nvidia module again. This is recommended as Xorg 11 | # and some other programs tend to load the nvidia module if they detect a 12 | # nvidia card in the system, and when the module is loaded the card can't save 13 | # power. 14 | REMOVE_DEVICE=1 15 | 16 | # Bus ID of the PCI express controller 17 | CONTROLLER_BUS_ID=0000:00:01.0 18 | 19 | # Bus ID of the graphic card 20 | DEVICE_BUS_ID=0000:01:00.0 21 | 22 | # Seconds to wait before turning on the card after PCI devices rescan 23 | BUS_RESCAN_WAIT_SEC=1 24 | 25 | # Ordered list of modules to load before running the command 26 | MODULES_LOAD=(nvidia nvidia_uvm nvidia_modeset "nvidia_drm modeset=1") 27 | 28 | # Ordered list of modules to unload after the command exits 29 | MODULES_UNLOAD=(nvidia_drm nvidia_modeset nvidia_uvm nvidia) 30 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /nvidia-xrun: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | 3 | DRY_RUN=0 4 | function printHelp { 5 | echo "Utility to run games and applications in separate X on discrete Nvidia graphic card" 6 | echo "Usage: " 7 | echo "nvidia-xrun [] []" 8 | echo "Options: " 9 | echo " -d Dry run - prints the final command but does not execute it" 10 | } 11 | 12 | function execute { 13 | if [[ ${DRY_RUN} -eq 1 ]] 14 | then 15 | echo ">>Dry run. Command: $*" 16 | else 17 | eval $* 18 | fi 19 | } 20 | 21 | function turn_off_gpu { 22 | if [[ "$REMOVE_DEVICE" == '1' ]]; then 23 | echo 'Removing Nvidia bus from the kernel' 24 | execute "sudo tee /sys/bus/pci/devices/${DEVICE_BUS_ID}/remove <<<1" 25 | else 26 | echo 'Enabling powersave for the graphic card' 27 | execute "sudo tee /sys/bus/pci/devices/${DEVICE_BUS_ID}/power/control <<&2 84 | exit 1 85 | fi 86 | 87 | # calculate current VT 88 | LVT=`fgconsole` 89 | 90 | # calculate first usable display 91 | XNUM="-1" 92 | SOCK="something" 93 | while [[ ! -z "$SOCK" ]] 94 | do 95 | XNUM=$(( $XNUM + 1 )) 96 | SOCK=$(ls -A -1 /tmp/.X11-unix | grep "X$XNUM" ) 97 | done 98 | 99 | NEWDISP=":$XNUM" 100 | 101 | if [[ ! -z "$*" ]] # generate exec line if arguments are given 102 | then 103 | # test if executable exists in path 104 | if [[ -x "$(which $1 2> /dev/null)" ]] 105 | then 106 | # generate exec line 107 | EXECL="$(which $1)" 108 | # test if executable exists on disk 109 | elif [[ -e "$(realpath "$1")" ]] 110 | then 111 | # generate exec line 112 | EXECL="$(realpath "$1")" 113 | else 114 | echo "$1: No such executable!" 115 | exit 1 116 | fi 117 | shift 1 118 | EXECL="$EXECL $*" 119 | else # prepare to start new X sessions if no arguments passed 120 | EXECL="" 121 | fi 122 | 123 | EXECL="/etc/X11/xinit/nvidia-xinitrc \"$EXECL\"" 124 | 125 | COMMAND="xinit $EXECL -- $NEWDISP vt$LVT -nolisten tcp -br -config nvidia-xorg.conf -configdir nvidia-xorg.conf.d" 126 | 127 | # --------- TURNING ON GPU ----------- 128 | if [[ "$ENABLE_PM" == '1' ]]; then 129 | turn_on_gpu 130 | fi 131 | 132 | # ---------- LOADING MODULES ---------- 133 | load_modules 134 | 135 | # ---------- EXECUTING COMMAND -------- 136 | execute ${COMMAND} 137 | 138 | # ---------- UNLOADING MODULES -------- 139 | unload_modules 140 | 141 | # --------- TURNING OFF GPU ---------- 142 | if [[ "$ENABLE_PM" == '1' ]]; then 143 | turn_off_gpu 144 | fi 145 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # nvidia-xrun 2 | These utility scripts aim to make the life easier for nvidia cards users. 3 | It started with a revelation that bumblebee in current state offers very poor performance. This solution offers a bit more complicated procedure but offers a full GPU utilization(in terms of linux drivers) 4 | 5 | ## Usage: 6 | 1. switch to free tty 7 | 1. login 8 | 1. run `nvidia-xrun [app]` 9 | 1. enjoy 10 | 11 | Currently sudo is required as the script needs to wake up GPU, modprobe the nvidia driver and perform cleanup afterwards. 12 | 13 | The systemd service can be used to completely remove the card from the kernel 14 | device tree (so that it won't even show in `lspci` output), and this will 15 | prevent the nvidia module to be loaded, so that we can take advantage of the 16 | kernel PM features to keep the card switched off. 17 | 18 | The service can be enabled with this command: 19 | 20 | ``` 21 | # systemctl enable nvidia-xrun-pm 22 | ``` 23 | 24 | When the nvidia-xrun command is used, the device is added again to the tree so that the nvidia module can be loaded properly: nvidia-xrun will remove the device and enable PM again after the application terminates. 25 | 26 | ## Structure 27 | * **nvidia-xrun** - uses following dir structure: 28 | * **/usr/bin/nvidia-xrun** - the executable script 29 | * **/etc/X11/nvidia-xorg.conf** - the main X confing file 30 | * **/etc/X11/xinit/nvidia-xinitrc** - xinitrc config file. Contains the setting of provider output source 31 | * **/etc/X11/xinit/nvidia-xinitrc.d** - custom xinitrc scripts directory 32 | * **/etc/X11/nvidia-xorg.conf.d** - custom X config directory 33 | * **/etc/systemd/system/nvidia-xrun-pm.service** systemd service 34 | * **/etc/default/nvidia-xrun** - nvidia-xrun config file 35 | * **/usr/share/xsessions/nvidia-xrun-openbox.desktop** - xsession file for openbox 36 | * **/usr/share/xsessions/nvidia-xrun-plasma.desktop** - xsession file for plasma 37 | * **[OPTIONAL] $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/X11/nvidia-xinitrc** - user-level custom xinit script file. You can put here your favourite window manager for example 38 | 39 | 40 | ## Setting the right bus id 41 | Usually the 1:0:0 bus is correct. If this is not your case(you can find out through lspci or bbswitch output mesages) you can create 42 | a conf script for example `nano /etc/X11/nvidia-xorg.conf.d/30-nvidia.conf` to set the proper bus id: 43 | 44 | Section "Device" 45 | Identifier "nvidia" 46 | Driver "nvidia" 47 | BusID "PCI:2:0:0" 48 | EndSection 49 | 50 | You can use this command to get the bus id: 51 | 52 | lspci | grep -i nvidia | awk '{print $1}' 53 | 54 | Note that this prints your bus id in hexadecimal, but the Xorg configuration 55 | script requires that you provide it in decimal, so you'll need to covert it. 56 | You can do this with bash: 57 | 58 | # In this example, my bus id is "3c" 59 | bash -c "echo $(( 16#3c ))" 60 | 61 | Also this way you can adjust some nvidia settings if you encounter issues: 62 | 63 | Section "Screen" 64 | Identifier "nvidia" 65 | Device "nvidia" 66 | # Option "AllowEmptyInitialConfiguration" "Yes" 67 | # Option "UseDisplayDevice" "none" 68 | EndSection 69 | 70 | In order to make power management features work properly, you need to make sure 71 | that bus ids in `/etc/default/nvidia-xrun` are correctly set for both the 72 | NVIDIA graphic card and the PCI express controller that hosts it. You should be 73 | able to find both the ids in the output of `lshw`: the PCIe controller is 74 | usually displayed right before the graphic card. 75 | 76 | ## Automatically run window manager 77 | For convenience you can create `nano ~/.config/X11/nvidia-xinitrc` and put there your favourite window manager: 78 | 79 | if [ $# -gt 0 ]; then 80 | $* 81 | else 82 | openbox-session 83 | # startkde 84 | fi 85 | 86 | 87 | With this you do not need to specify the app and you can simply run: 88 | 89 | nvidia-xrun 90 | 91 | ## AUR Package 92 | The Arch Linux User Repository package can be found [here](https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/nvidia-xrun/). 93 | 94 | ## COPR Repository for Enterprise Linux, Fedora, Mageia, and openSUSE 95 | The RPM packages and repository details for all supported distributions can be found on the [ekultails/nvidia-xrun](https://copr.fedorainfracloud.org/coprs/ekultails/nvidia-xrun/) COPR overview page. 96 | 97 | ### Install (Enterprise Linux and Fedora) 98 | 99 | ``` 100 | sudo dnf copr enable ekultails/nvidia-xrun 101 | sudo dnf install nvidia-xrun 102 | ``` 103 | 104 | ## Troubleshooting 105 | ### Steam issues 106 | Yes unfortunately running Steam directly with nvidia-xrun does not work well - I recommend to use some window manager like openbox. 107 | 108 | ### HiDPI issue 109 | When using openbox on a HiDPI (i.e. 4k) display, everything could be so small that is difficult to read. 110 | To fix, you can change the DPI settings in `~/.Xresources (~/.Xdefaults)` file by adding/changing `Xft.dpi` setting. For example : 111 | 112 | ``` 113 | Xft.dpi: 192 114 | ``` 115 | 116 | ### `nouveau` driver conflict 117 | `nouveau` driver should be automatically blacklisted by `nvidia` but in case it is not, `nvidia` might not get access to GPU. Then you need to manually blacklist `nouveau` following Arch wiki https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/kernel_modules#Blacklisting. 118 | 119 | ### avoid `nvidia` driver to load on boot 120 | `nvidia` driver may load itself on boot, then `nvidia-xrun` will fail to start Xorg session. 121 | To avoid that, you should blacklist it (see link above). 122 | Also sometimes, blacklisting is not enough and you should use some hack to really avoid it to load. 123 | For example, adding `install nvidia /bin/false` to `/etc/modprobe.d/nvidia.conf` will make every load to fail. 124 | In that case, you should add `--ignore-install` to `modprobe` calls in `nvidia-xrun` script. 125 | 126 | ### Vulkan does not work 127 | Check https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Vulkan 128 | * remove package vulkan-intel 129 | * set VK_ICD_FILENAMES=/usr/share/vulkan/icd.d/nvidia_icd.json 130 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /LICENSE: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE 2 | Version 2, June 1991 3 | 4 | Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc., 5 | 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA 6 | Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies 7 | of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. 8 | 9 | Preamble 10 | 11 | The licenses for most software are designed to take away your 12 | freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public 13 | License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free 14 | software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This 15 | General Public License applies to most of the Free Software 16 | Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to 17 | using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by 18 | the GNU Lesser General Public License instead.) You can apply it to 19 | your programs, too. 20 | 21 | When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not 22 | price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you 23 | have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for 24 | this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it 25 | if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it 26 | in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things. 27 | 28 | To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid 29 | anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights. 30 | These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you 31 | distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it. 32 | 33 | For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether 34 | gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that 35 | you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the 36 | source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their 37 | rights. 38 | 39 | We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and 40 | (2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy, 41 | distribute and/or modify the software. 42 | 43 | Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain 44 | that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free 45 | software. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we 46 | want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so 47 | that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original 48 | authors' reputations. 49 | 50 | Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software 51 | patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free 52 | program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the 53 | program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any 54 | patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all. 55 | 56 | The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and 57 | modification follow. 58 | 59 | GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE 60 | TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION 61 | 62 | 0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains 63 | a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed 64 | under the terms of this General Public License. The "Program", below, 65 | refers to any such program or work, and a "work based on the Program" 66 | means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law: 67 | that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it, 68 | either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another 69 | language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in 70 | the term "modification".) Each licensee is addressed as "you". 71 | 72 | Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not 73 | covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of 74 | running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program 75 | is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the 76 | Program (independent of having been made by running the Program). 77 | Whether that is true depends on what the Program does. 78 | 79 | 1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's 80 | source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you 81 | conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate 82 | copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the 83 | notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty; 84 | and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License 85 | along with the Program. 86 | 87 | You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and 88 | you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee. 89 | 90 | 2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion 91 | of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and 92 | distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1 93 | above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions: 94 | 95 | a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices 96 | stating that you changed the files and the date of any change. 97 | 98 | b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in 99 | whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any 100 | part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third 101 | parties under the terms of this License. 102 | 103 | c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively 104 | when run, you must cause it, when started running for such 105 | interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an 106 | announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a 107 | notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide 108 | a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under 109 | these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this 110 | License. (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but 111 | does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on 112 | the Program is not required to print an announcement.) 113 | 114 | These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If 115 | identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program, 116 | and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in 117 | themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those 118 | sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you 119 | distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based 120 | on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of 121 | this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the 122 | entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it. 123 | 124 | Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest 125 | your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to 126 | exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or 127 | collective works based on the Program. 128 | 129 | In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program 130 | with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of 131 | a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under 132 | the scope of this License. 133 | 134 | 3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it, 135 | under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of 136 | Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following: 137 | 138 | a) Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable 139 | source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections 140 | 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or, 141 | 142 | b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three 143 | years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your 144 | cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete 145 | machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be 146 | distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium 147 | customarily used for software interchange; or, 148 | 149 | c) Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer 150 | to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is 151 | allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you 152 | received the program in object code or executable form with such 153 | an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.) 154 | 155 | The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for 156 | making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source 157 | code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any 158 | associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to 159 | control compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a 160 | special exception, the source code distributed need not include 161 | anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary 162 | form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the 163 | operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component 164 | itself accompanies the executable. 165 | 166 | If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering 167 | access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent 168 | access to copy the source code from the same place counts as 169 | distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not 170 | compelled to copy the source along with the object code. 171 | 172 | 4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program 173 | except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt 174 | otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is 175 | void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License. 176 | However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under 177 | this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such 178 | parties remain in full compliance. 179 | 180 | 5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not 181 | signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or 182 | distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are 183 | prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by 184 | modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the 185 | Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and 186 | all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying 187 | the Program or works based on it. 188 | 189 | 6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the 190 | Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the 191 | original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to 192 | these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further 193 | restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein. 194 | You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to 195 | this License. 196 | 197 | 7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent 198 | infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues), 199 | conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or 200 | otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not 201 | excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot 202 | distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this 203 | License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you 204 | may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent 205 | license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by 206 | all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then 207 | the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to 208 | refrain entirely from distribution of the Program. 209 | 210 | If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under 211 | any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to 212 | apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other 213 | circumstances. 214 | 215 | It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any 216 | patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any 217 | such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the 218 | integrity of the free software distribution system, which is 219 | implemented by public license practices. Many people have made 220 | generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed 221 | through that system in reliance on consistent application of that 222 | system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing 223 | to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot 224 | impose that choice. 225 | 226 | This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to 227 | be a consequence of the rest of this License. 228 | 229 | 8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in 230 | certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the 231 | original copyright holder who places the Program under this License 232 | may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding 233 | those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among 234 | countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates 235 | the limitation as if written in the body of this License. 236 | 237 | 9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions 238 | of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will 239 | be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to 240 | address new problems or concerns. 241 | 242 | Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program 243 | specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and "any 244 | later version", you have the option of following the terms and conditions 245 | either of that version or of any later version published by the Free 246 | Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of 247 | this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software 248 | Foundation. 249 | 250 | 10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free 251 | programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author 252 | to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free 253 | Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes 254 | make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals 255 | of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and 256 | of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally. 257 | 258 | NO WARRANTY 259 | 260 | 11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY 261 | FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN 262 | OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES 263 | PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED 264 | OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF 265 | MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS 266 | TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE 267 | PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, 268 | REPAIR OR CORRECTION. 269 | 270 | 12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING 271 | WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR 272 | REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, 273 | INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING 274 | OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED 275 | TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY 276 | YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER 277 | PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE 278 | POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. 279 | 280 | END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS 281 | 282 | How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs 283 | 284 | If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest 285 | possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it 286 | free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms. 287 | 288 | To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest 289 | to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively 290 | convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least 291 | the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found. 292 | 293 | {description} 294 | Copyright (C) {year} {fullname} 295 | 296 | This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify 297 | it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by 298 | the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or 299 | (at your option) any later version. 300 | 301 | This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 302 | but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 303 | MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 304 | GNU General Public License for more details. 305 | 306 | You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along 307 | with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 308 | 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA. 309 | 310 | Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail. 311 | 312 | If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this 313 | when it starts in an interactive mode: 314 | 315 | Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) year name of author 316 | Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'. 317 | This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it 318 | under certain conditions; type `show c' for details. 319 | 320 | The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate 321 | parts of the General Public License. Of course, the commands you use may 322 | be called something other than `show w' and `show c'; they could even be 323 | mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program. 324 | 325 | You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your 326 | school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if 327 | necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names: 328 | 329 | Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program 330 | `Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker. 331 | 332 | {signature of Ty Coon}, 1 April 1989 333 | Ty Coon, President of Vice 334 | 335 | This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into 336 | proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may 337 | consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the 338 | library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General 339 | Public License instead of this License. 340 | 341 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------