├── .gitattributes ├── .gitignore ├── DistMesh.nb ├── DistMesh ├── Kernel │ └── init.m ├── DistMesh.m └── COPYING ├── .WolframResources ├── PacletInfo.m ├── README.md └── LICENSE /.gitattributes: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /.gitignore: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | .project 2 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /DistMesh.nb: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | Notebook[{}] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /DistMesh/Kernel/init.m: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | (* Wolfram Language Init File *) 2 | 3 | Get[ "DistMesh`DistMesh`"] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /.WolframResources: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | Resources[ 2 | Version[1], 3 | ExecutionBuildCommand["< "DistMesh", 7 | Version -> "0.0.1", 8 | MathematicaVersion -> "10+", 9 | Extensions -> 10 | { 11 | {"Application", Context -> "DistMesh`"}, 12 | {"Documentation", Language -> "English", MainPage -> "ReferencePages/Symbols/DistMesh"} 13 | } 14 | ] 15 | 16 | 17 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | ## DistMesh - Wolfram Language Implementation 2 | 3 | DistMesh has been merged into [FEMAddOns](https://github.com/WolframResearch/FEMAddOns). Please use [FEMAddOns](https://github.com/WolframResearch/FEMAddOns) from now on, especially pull request, fixes etc should be made against [FEMAddOns](https://github.com/WolframResearch/FEMAddOns). 4 | 5 | #### Copyright (c) 2015 Wolfram Research, Inc. All rights reserved. 6 | 7 | Author: Oliver Ruebenkoenig 8 | 9 | This software is based on the work of Per-Olof Persson and Gilbert 10 | Strang: http://persson.berkeley.edu/distmesh/ 11 | 12 | [![View notebooks](https://www.wolframcloud.com/objects/user-fcd49e54-a538-4c96-b83c-283763b842da/dev/WDV/badge2.png)](https://www.wolframcloud.com/objects/user-fcd49e54-a538-4c96-b83c-283763b842da/dev/WDV/wdv_api?user=WolframResearch&repo=DistMesh&branch=master) 13 | 14 | ### Introduction 15 | This is a Wolfram Language port of [*DistMesh*](http://persson.berkeley.edu/distmesh/) and licensed under GPL v2.0 16 | 17 | ### Installation 18 | These are source files to build the *DistMesh* project. 19 | 20 | - In Workbench (WB): File > Import 21 | Choose Git > Projects from Git > Local and add the git URI 22 | - To build the project go to: *DistMesh* > `PacletInfo.m` 23 | - At the bottom > Open Application tools. 24 | - Choose Project: *DistMesh* 25 | - Press: Build 26 | - for the documentation once that is done (you may need to set up Wolfram Language in WB): Choose *Archive* and press *Deploy Application*. This will generate a `DistMesh.zip` which you can import in *Mathematica*. 27 | - To install the `DistMesh.zip` file: Open *Mathematica*, choose File > Install, select Application and navigate to `DistMesh.zip`. You may need to restart *Mathematica* for the documentation to work. 28 | - ``Needs["DistMesh`"]`` will load the package. 29 | 30 | 31 | ### Versions 32 | 1.0 33 | 34 | ### User Guide 35 | Once the package is installed, open up the documentation in the *Mathematica* help menu and search for *DistMesh*. 36 | 37 | ### Implementation 38 | Is discussed at the original web page. 39 | 40 | ### Testing 41 | None. 42 | 43 | ### Related Resources 44 | None. 45 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /DistMesh/DistMesh.m: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | (* 2 | DistMesh - Wolfram Language Implementation 3 | Copyright (c) 2015 Wolfram Research, Inc. All rights reserved. 4 | Author: Oliver Ruebenkoenig 5 | 6 | This software is based on the work of Per-Olof Persson and Gilbert 7 | Strang: http://persson.berkeley.edu/distmesh/ 8 | 9 | This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify 10 | it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by 11 | the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or 12 | (at your option) any later version. 13 | 14 | This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 15 | but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 16 | MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 17 | GNU General Public License for more details. 18 | 19 | You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along 20 | with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 21 | 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA. 22 | *) 23 | 24 | 25 | BeginPackage["DistMesh`", {"NDSolve`FEM`", "TriangleLink`", "TetGenLink`"}]; 26 | 27 | ClearAll[DistMesh]; 28 | 29 | DistMesh::usage = "DistMesh[r] creates an ElementMesh from a region r."; 30 | DistMesh::"bcond" = "`1` can not be used as predicate."; 31 | DistMesh::"bqal" = "The mesh quality goal of `1` could not be satisfied. The current mesh has a quality of `2`. Increasing the number of \"MaxIterations\" or lowering the \"MeshQualityGoal\" may help."; 32 | 33 | Options[DistMesh] = Sort[Join[{ 34 | MaxIterations -> 150, 35 | "MeshQualityFunction" -> Min, 36 | "ScaleDerivative" -> True, 37 | "DistMeshRefinementFunction" -> None}, 38 | Options[ToElementMesh]] 39 | ]; 40 | 41 | Begin["`Private`"]; 42 | 43 | myDelaunay[pts_] := 44 | Block[{tmp, dim, res}, 45 | dim = Last[Dimensions[pts]]; 46 | Switch[dim, 47 | 2, res = TriangleDelaunay[pts], 48 | 3, res = TetGenDelaunay[pts], 49 | True, res = {$Failed, $Failed} 50 | ] 51 | ]; 52 | 53 | greaterEqualZeroPosition[th_] := 54 | Flatten[SparseArray[UnitStep[th], Automatic, 1] /. 55 | HoldPattern[SparseArray[c___]] :> {c}[[4, 2, 2]] 56 | ]; 57 | 58 | mkCompileCode[vars_, code_, idx_] := 59 | With[{fVars = Flatten[vars]}, 60 | Compile[{{in, _Real, idx}}, 61 | Block[fVars, 62 | fVars = Flatten[in]; 63 | code 64 | ], 65 | RuntimeAttributes -> Listable 66 | ] 67 | ]; 68 | 69 | ClearAll[mkcForces]; 70 | mkcForces[chCode_, dim_Integer] := 71 | Compile[{{p, _Real, 2}, {bars, _Integer, 2}, {fScale, _Real, 0}}, 72 | Block[{barVec, len, hBars, l0, force, forceVec}, 73 | barVec = p[[ bars[[ All, 1]] ]] - p[[ bars[[ All, 2 ]] ]]; 74 | len = Sqrt[Plus @@@ Power[barVec, 2]]; 75 | hBars = chCode[((Plus @@ p[[#]]) & /@ bars) / 2]; 76 | l0 = hBars * fScale * Power[(Plus @@ (len^dim)) / (Plus @@ (hBars^dim)), 1 / dim]; 77 | force = Max[#, 0.] & /@ (l0 - len); 78 | forceVec = Transpose[{#, -#}] &[(force / len) * barVec]; 79 | forceVec 80 | ] 81 | ]; 82 | 83 | Clear[moveMeshPoints]; 84 | moveMeshPoints[p_, bars_, cForces_, fScale_] := 85 | Module[{totForce, forceVec}, 86 | forceVec = cForces[p, bars, fScale]; 87 | totForce = NDSolve`FEM`AssembleMatrix[ 88 | {bars, ConstantArray[Range[Last[Dimensions[p]]], {Length[bars]}]}, 89 | Flatten[forceVec, {{1}, {2, 3}}], Dimensions[p] 90 | ]; 91 | totForce 92 | ]; 93 | 94 | initialMeshPoints[{{x1_, x2_}, {y1_, y2_}}, h0_] := 95 | Module[{xRow, yColumn, tmp}, 96 | xRow = Range[x1, x2, h0]; 97 | yColumn = Range[ y1, y2, h0 * Sqrt[3] / 2 ]; 98 | tmp = Transpose[{ 99 | Flatten[Transpose[Table[If[OddQ[i], xRow, xRow + h0 / 2], {i, Length[yColumn ]}]]], 100 | Flatten[Table[yColumn, {Length[xRow]}]] 101 | }]; 102 | Developer`ToPackedArray[tmp] 103 | ]; 104 | 105 | initialMeshPoints[{{x1_, x2_}, {y1_, y2_}, {z1_, z2_}}, h0_] := 106 | Module[{xP, yP, zP}, 107 | xP = Range[x1, x2, h0]; 108 | yP = Range[y1, y2, h0]; 109 | zP = Range[z1, z2, h0]; 110 | Flatten[Transpose[Outer[List, xP, yP, zP], {3, 2, 1}], 2] 111 | ]; 112 | 113 | validRDFQ[a_] := NumericQ[a]; 114 | validRDFQ[___] := False; 115 | 116 | DistMesh[em_?ElementMeshQ, opts : OptionsPattern[DistMesh]] := 117 | Module[{nr}, 118 | nr = ToNumericalRegion[em]; 119 | DistMesh[ nr, opts] 120 | ]; 121 | 122 | DistMesh[sr_?RegionQ, opts : OptionsPattern[DistMesh]] := 123 | Module[{nr}, 124 | nr = ToNumericalRegion[sr]; 125 | DistMesh[ nr, opts] 126 | ]; 127 | 128 | DistMesh[nr_NumericalRegion, opts : OptionsPattern[DistMesh]] := 129 | Module[ 130 | { 131 | maxIterations, iterationNumber, meshQualityFactor, 132 | meshQualityFunction, pfix, dim, 133 | p, ix, deps, cdfs, d, df, cond, vars, bbox, 134 | dgradDim, dgradN, depsIM, dgrad, 135 | pMid, t, bars, geps, rdf, 136 | crdf, cForces, mq, mqMax, 137 | barSelectors, saveBestMeshQ, mcm, mcmd, etype, 138 | dptol, ttol, fScale, deltat, r0, n, pOld, tmp, scaledR0, totForce, 139 | dgradx, dgrady, dgrad2, bmesh, 140 | pBest = $Failed, tBest = $Failed, maxf, mr, h0 141 | }, 142 | 143 | maxIterations = OptionValue[MaxIterations]; 144 | 145 | meshQualityFactor = OptionValue[MeshQualityGoal]; 146 | If[! NumericQ[meshQualityFactor], meshQualityFactor = 0.5]; 147 | meshQualityFactor = Min[1, Max[0, meshQualityFactor]]; 148 | 149 | meshQualityFunction = OptionValue["MeshQualityFunction"]; 150 | 151 | saveBestMeshQ = True; 152 | 153 | pfix = N[OptionValue["IncludePoints"]]; 154 | If[! MatrixQ[pfix, NumericQ], pfix = {}]; 155 | 156 | bbox = nr["Bounds"]; 157 | dim = nr["EmbeddingDimension"]; 158 | 159 | mcm = OptionValue["MaxCellMeasure"]; 160 | If[etype === Automatic, 161 | Switch[dim, 162 | 1, etype = NDSolve`FEM`LineElement, 163 | 2, etype = NDSolve`FEM`TriangleElement, 164 | 3, etype = NDSolve`FEM`TetrahedronElement 165 | ]; 166 | ]; 167 | mcmd = Region`Mesh`Utilities`ProcessMaxCellMeasure[ 168 | bbox, 169 | MaxCellMeasure -> mcm, 170 | "ElementType" -> etype 171 | ]; 172 | (* we always want the edge length *) 173 | h0 = mcmd[1]; 174 | 175 | iterationNumber = 0; 176 | mqMax = 0; 177 | 178 | dptol = 0.001; 179 | ttol = 0.1; 180 | fScale = 1 + 0.4 / 2^(dim - 1); 181 | If[dim === 2, 182 | geps = 0.001 * h0; 183 | deltat = 0.2; 184 | , 185 | geps = 0.1 * h0; 186 | deltat = 0.1; 187 | ]; 188 | deps = Sqrt[$MachineEpsilon] * h0; 189 | 190 | cond = nr["Predicates"]; 191 | vars = nr["PredicateVariables"]; 192 | 193 | If[cond =!= Automatic, 194 | (* compile the distance set fuction *) 195 | 196 | df = Region`LevelFunction[cond]; 197 | If[df === $Failed, 198 | Message[DistMesh::"bcond", cond]; 199 | Return[$Failed]; 200 | ]; 201 | cdfs = mkCompileCode[vars, df, 1]; 202 | , 203 | bmesh = nr["BoundaryMesh"]; 204 | If[!BoundaryElementMeshQ[bmesh], 205 | Message[DistMesh::"bcond", cond]; 206 | Return[$Failed]; 207 | ]; 208 | mr = BoundaryMeshRegion[bmesh]; 209 | If[BoundaryMeshRegionQ[mr], 210 | vars = Table[Unique["x", {Temporary}], {dim}]; 211 | cdfs = SignedRegionDistance[mr]; 212 | pfix = Join[pfix, bmesh["Coordinates"]]; 213 | ]; 214 | ]; 215 | 216 | rdf = OptionValue["DistMeshRefinementFunction"]; 217 | rdf = If[!validRDFQ[rdf @@ bbox[[-1]]], 218 | Function[1.], 219 | rdf 220 | ]; 221 | 222 | (* compile relative mesh coarsness function *) 223 | 224 | crdf = mkCompileCode[vars, rdf @@ vars, 1]; 225 | cForces = mkcForces[crdf, dim]; 226 | 227 | barSelectors = Subsets[Range[dim + 1], {2}]; 228 | 229 | p = initialMeshPoints[bbox, h0]; 230 | p = p[[greaterEqualZeroPosition[cdfs[p] - geps]]]; 231 | 232 | r0 = 1 / crdf[p]^dim; 233 | (* distmeshnd uses Min and a different scheme *) 234 | 235 | scaledR0 = r0 / Max[r0]; 236 | 237 | p = p[[greaterEqualZeroPosition[RandomReal[{0, 1}, {Length[p]}] - scaledR0]]]; 238 | If[pfix =!= {}, p = Sort[Complement[p, pfix]]]; 239 | p = Join[pfix, p]; 240 | n = Length[p]; 241 | 242 | pOld = Infinity; 243 | While[True, 244 | iterationNumber++; 245 | 246 | If[Max[Sqrt[Total[(p - pOld)^2, {2}]] / h0] > ttol, 247 | pOld = p; 248 | {p, t} = myDelaunay[p]; 249 | pMid = 250 | Total[NDSolve`FEM`GetElementCoordinates[p, t], {2}] / (dim + 1); 251 | t = t[[greaterEqualZeroPosition[cdfs[pMid] + geps]]]; 252 | bars = Union[Sort /@ Flatten[t[[ All, #]] & /@ barSelectors, 1]]; 253 | ]; 254 | 255 | totForce = moveMeshPoints[p, bars, cForces, fScale]; 256 | totForce[[Range[Length[pfix]]]] = ConstantArray[0., {Length[pfix], dim}]; 257 | p = p + deltat * totForce; 258 | 259 | d = cdfs[p]; 260 | ix = greaterEqualZeroPosition[-(d + 0.)]; 261 | 262 | dgradDim = Dimensions[p[[ix]]]; 263 | dgradN = ConstantArray[0., dgradDim]; 264 | depsIM = deps * IdentityMatrix[dim]; 265 | 266 | Do[ 267 | dgradN[[All, i]] = (cdfs[p[[ix]] + 268 | ConstantArray[depsIM[[i]], {Length[p[[ix]]]}]] - d[[ix]]) / deps, 269 | {i, Last[ dgradDim]} 270 | ]; 271 | If[TrueQ[OptionValue["ScaleDerivative"]], 272 | dgrad = Total[dgradN^2, {2}]; 273 | (* dgrad could have zeros *) 274 | p[[ix]] = p[[ix]] - (d[[ix]] * dgradN) / dgrad; 275 | , 276 | p[[ix]] = p[[ix]] - (d[[ix]] * dgradN); 277 | ]; 278 | 279 | (* due to wrong ordering incident ordering may be negative *) 280 | mq = meshQualityFunction[NDSolve`FEM`MeshElementQuality[NDSolve`FEM`GetElementCoordinates[p, t]]]; 281 | 282 | If[(mq >= meshQualityFactor), 283 | Break[] 284 | ]; 285 | 286 | If[saveBestMeshQ && mq > mqMax, 287 | mqMax = mq; 288 | pBest = p; 289 | tBest = t 290 | ]; 291 | 292 | maxf = Max[deltat * Sqrt[Total[totForce[[greaterEqualZeroPosition[d + geps]]]^2, {2}]] / h0]; 293 | 294 | If[maxf < dptol * h0, 295 | Break[] 296 | ]; 297 | 298 | If[iterationNumber >= maxIterations, 299 | If[ saveBestMeshQ && mq <= mqMax && tBest =!= $Failed, 300 | mq = mqMax; 301 | p = pBest; 302 | t = tBest 303 | ]; 304 | Break[] 305 | ]; 306 | ]; 307 | 308 | If[ mq < meshQualityFactor, 309 | Message[DistMesh::"bqal", meshQualityFactor, mq] 310 | ]; 311 | 312 | (*Print["it num: ", iterationNumber, " mq: ", mq];*) 313 | 314 | ToElementMesh[ 315 | "Coordinates" -> p, 316 | "MeshElements" -> {MeshElementType[dim, Last[Dimensions[t]], 1][t]}, 317 | FilterRules[{opts}, Options[ToElementMesh]] 318 | ] 319 | ]; 320 | 321 | End[]; 322 | EndPackage[]; 323 | 324 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /LICENSE: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE 2 | Version 2, June 1991 3 | 4 | Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc., 5 | 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA 6 | Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies 7 | of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. 8 | 9 | Preamble 10 | 11 | The licenses for most software are designed to take away your 12 | freedom to share and change it. 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THE ENTIRE RISK AS 266 | TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE 267 | PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, 268 | REPAIR OR CORRECTION. 269 | 270 | 12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING 271 | WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR 272 | REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, 273 | INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING 274 | OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED 275 | TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY 276 | YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER 277 | PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE 278 | POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. 279 | 280 | END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS 281 | 282 | How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs 283 | 284 | If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest 285 | possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it 286 | free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms. 287 | 288 | To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest 289 | to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively 290 | convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least 291 | the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found. 292 | 293 | 294 | Copyright (C) 295 | 296 | This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify 297 | it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by 298 | the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or 299 | (at your option) any later version. 300 | 301 | This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 302 | but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 303 | MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 304 | GNU General Public License for more details. 305 | 306 | You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along 307 | with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 308 | 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA. 309 | 310 | Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail. 311 | 312 | If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this 313 | when it starts in an interactive mode: 314 | 315 | Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) year name of author 316 | Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'. 317 | This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it 318 | under certain conditions; type `show c' for details. 319 | 320 | The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate 321 | parts of the General Public License. Of course, the commands you use may 322 | be called something other than `show w' and `show c'; they could even be 323 | mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program. 324 | 325 | You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your 326 | school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if 327 | necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names: 328 | 329 | Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program 330 | `Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker. 331 | 332 | , 1 April 1989 333 | Ty Coon, President of Vice 334 | 335 | This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into 336 | proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may 337 | consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the 338 | library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General 339 | Public License instead of this License. 340 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /DistMesh/COPYING: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE 2 | Version 2, June 1991 3 | 4 | Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc., 5 | 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA 6 | Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies 7 | of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. 8 | 9 | Preamble 10 | 11 | The licenses for most software are designed to take away your 12 | freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public 13 | License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free 14 | software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This 15 | General Public License applies to most of the Free Software 16 | Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to 17 | using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by 18 | the GNU Lesser General Public License instead.) You can apply it to 19 | your programs, too. 20 | 21 | When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not 22 | price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you 23 | have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for 24 | this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it 25 | if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it 26 | in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things. 27 | 28 | To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid 29 | anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights. 30 | These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you 31 | distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it. 32 | 33 | For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether 34 | gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that 35 | you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the 36 | source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their 37 | rights. 38 | 39 | We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and 40 | (2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy, 41 | distribute and/or modify the software. 42 | 43 | Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain 44 | that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free 45 | software. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we 46 | want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so 47 | that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original 48 | authors' reputations. 49 | 50 | Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software 51 | patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free 52 | program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the 53 | program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any 54 | patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all. 55 | 56 | The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and 57 | modification follow. 58 | 59 | GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE 60 | TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION 61 | 62 | 0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains 63 | a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed 64 | under the terms of this General Public License. The "Program", below, 65 | refers to any such program or work, and a "work based on the Program" 66 | means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law: 67 | that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it, 68 | either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another 69 | language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in 70 | the term "modification".) Each licensee is addressed as "you". 71 | 72 | Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not 73 | covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of 74 | running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program 75 | is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the 76 | Program (independent of having been made by running the Program). 77 | Whether that is true depends on what the Program does. 78 | 79 | 1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's 80 | source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you 81 | conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate 82 | copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the 83 | notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty; 84 | and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License 85 | along with the Program. 86 | 87 | You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and 88 | you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee. 89 | 90 | 2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion 91 | of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and 92 | distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1 93 | above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions: 94 | 95 | a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices 96 | stating that you changed the files and the date of any change. 97 | 98 | b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in 99 | whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any 100 | part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third 101 | parties under the terms of this License. 102 | 103 | c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively 104 | when run, you must cause it, when started running for such 105 | interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an 106 | announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a 107 | notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide 108 | a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under 109 | these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this 110 | License. (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but 111 | does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on 112 | the Program is not required to print an announcement.) 113 | 114 | These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If 115 | identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program, 116 | and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in 117 | themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those 118 | sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you 119 | distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based 120 | on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of 121 | this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the 122 | entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it. 123 | 124 | Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest 125 | your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to 126 | exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or 127 | collective works based on the Program. 128 | 129 | In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program 130 | with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of 131 | a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under 132 | the scope of this License. 133 | 134 | 3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it, 135 | under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of 136 | Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following: 137 | 138 | a) Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable 139 | source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections 140 | 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or, 141 | 142 | b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three 143 | years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your 144 | cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete 145 | machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be 146 | distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium 147 | customarily used for software interchange; or, 148 | 149 | c) Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer 150 | to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is 151 | allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you 152 | received the program in object code or executable form with such 153 | an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.) 154 | 155 | The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for 156 | making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source 157 | code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any 158 | associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to 159 | control compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a 160 | special exception, the source code distributed need not include 161 | anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary 162 | form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the 163 | operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component 164 | itself accompanies the executable. 165 | 166 | If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering 167 | access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent 168 | access to copy the source code from the same place counts as 169 | distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not 170 | compelled to copy the source along with the object code. 171 | 172 | 4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program 173 | except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt 174 | otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is 175 | void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License. 176 | However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under 177 | this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such 178 | parties remain in full compliance. 179 | 180 | 5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not 181 | signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or 182 | distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are 183 | prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by 184 | modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the 185 | Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and 186 | all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying 187 | the Program or works based on it. 188 | 189 | 6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the 190 | Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the 191 | original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to 192 | these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further 193 | restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein. 194 | You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to 195 | this License. 196 | 197 | 7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent 198 | infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues), 199 | conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or 200 | otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not 201 | excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot 202 | distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this 203 | License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you 204 | may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent 205 | license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by 206 | all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then 207 | the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to 208 | refrain entirely from distribution of the Program. 209 | 210 | If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under 211 | any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to 212 | apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other 213 | circumstances. 214 | 215 | It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any 216 | patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any 217 | such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the 218 | integrity of the free software distribution system, which is 219 | implemented by public license practices. Many people have made 220 | generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed 221 | through that system in reliance on consistent application of that 222 | system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing 223 | to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot 224 | impose that choice. 225 | 226 | This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to 227 | be a consequence of the rest of this License. 228 | 229 | 8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in 230 | certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the 231 | original copyright holder who places the Program under this License 232 | may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding 233 | those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among 234 | countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates 235 | the limitation as if written in the body of this License. 236 | 237 | 9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions 238 | of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will 239 | be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to 240 | address new problems or concerns. 241 | 242 | Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program 243 | specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and "any 244 | later version", you have the option of following the terms and conditions 245 | either of that version or of any later version published by the Free 246 | Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of 247 | this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software 248 | Foundation. 249 | 250 | 10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free 251 | programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author 252 | to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free 253 | Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes 254 | make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals 255 | of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and 256 | of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally. 257 | 258 | NO WARRANTY 259 | 260 | 11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY 261 | FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN 262 | OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES 263 | PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED 264 | OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF 265 | MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS 266 | TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE 267 | PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, 268 | REPAIR OR CORRECTION. 269 | 270 | 12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING 271 | WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR 272 | REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, 273 | INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING 274 | OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED 275 | TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY 276 | YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER 277 | PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE 278 | POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. 279 | 280 | END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS 281 | 282 | How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs 283 | 284 | If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest 285 | possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it 286 | free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms. 287 | 288 | To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest 289 | to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively 290 | convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least 291 | the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found. 292 | 293 | 294 | Copyright (C) 295 | 296 | This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify 297 | it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by 298 | the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or 299 | (at your option) any later version. 300 | 301 | This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 302 | but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 303 | MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 304 | GNU General Public License for more details. 305 | 306 | You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along 307 | with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 308 | 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA. 309 | 310 | Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail. 311 | 312 | If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this 313 | when it starts in an interactive mode: 314 | 315 | Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) year name of author 316 | Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'. 317 | This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it 318 | under certain conditions; type `show c' for details. 319 | 320 | The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate 321 | parts of the General Public License. Of course, the commands you use may 322 | be called something other than `show w' and `show c'; they could even be 323 | mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program. 324 | 325 | You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your 326 | school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if 327 | necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names: 328 | 329 | Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program 330 | `Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker. 331 | 332 | , 1 April 1989 333 | Ty Coon, President of Vice 334 | 335 | This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into 336 | proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may 337 | consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the 338 | library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General 339 | Public License instead of this License. 340 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------