├── .DS_Store ├── .gitignore ├── LICENSE ├── README.md ├── app.py ├── models.py ├── queries └── ksqldb-queries.sql ├── requirements.txt ├── schemas ├── .DS_Store ├── booking-schema.avsc ├── conference-schema.avsc └── schemas.md └── test-scripts ├── booking-test.py └── event-creation.py /.DS_Store: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ably-labs/Realtime-ticket-booking-solution/45dbc78e7a1d7c48e34fb43d64db37a26f7318cc/.DS_Store -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /.gitignore: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # Byte-compiled / optimized / DLL files 2 | __pycache__/ 3 | *.py[cod] 4 | *$py.class 5 | 6 | # C extensions 7 | *.so 8 | 9 | # Distribution / packaging 10 | .Python 11 | build/ 12 | develop-eggs/ 13 | dist/ 14 | downloads/ 15 | eggs/ 16 | .eggs/ 17 | lib/ 18 | lib64/ 19 | parts/ 20 | sdist/ 21 | var/ 22 | wheels/ 23 | pip-wheel-metadata/ 24 | share/python-wheels/ 25 | *.egg-info/ 26 | .installed.cfg 27 | *.egg 28 | MANIFEST 29 | 30 | # PyInstaller 31 | # Usually these files are written by a python script from a template 32 | # before PyInstaller builds the exe, so as to inject date/other infos into it. 33 | *.manifest 34 | *.spec 35 | 36 | # Installer logs 37 | pip-log.txt 38 | pip-delete-this-directory.txt 39 | 40 | # Unit test / coverage reports 41 | htmlcov/ 42 | .tox/ 43 | .nox/ 44 | .coverage 45 | .coverage.* 46 | .cache 47 | nosetests.xml 48 | coverage.xml 49 | *.cover 50 | *.py,cover 51 | .hypothesis/ 52 | .pytest_cache/ 53 | 54 | # Translations 55 | *.mo 56 | *.pot 57 | 58 | # Django stuff: 59 | *.log 60 | local_settings.py 61 | db.sqlite3 62 | db.sqlite3-journal 63 | 64 | # Flask stuff: 65 | instance/ 66 | .webassets-cache 67 | 68 | # Scrapy stuff: 69 | .scrapy 70 | 71 | # Sphinx documentation 72 | docs/_build/ 73 | 74 | # PyBuilder 75 | target/ 76 | 77 | # Jupyter Notebook 78 | .ipynb_checkpoints 79 | 80 | # IPython 81 | profile_default/ 82 | ipython_config.py 83 | 84 | # pyenv 85 | .python-version 86 | 87 | # pipenv 88 | # According to pypa/pipenv#598, it is recommended to include Pipfile.lock in version control. 89 | # However, in case of collaboration, if having platform-specific dependencies or dependencies 90 | # having no cross-platform support, pipenv may install dependencies that don't work, or not 91 | # install all needed dependencies. 92 | #Pipfile.lock 93 | 94 | # PEP 582; used by e.g. github.com/David-OConnor/pyflow 95 | __pypackages__/ 96 | 97 | # Celery stuff 98 | celerybeat-schedule 99 | celerybeat.pid 100 | 101 | # SageMath parsed files 102 | *.sage.py 103 | 104 | # Environments 105 | .env 106 | .venv 107 | env/ 108 | venv/ 109 | ENV/ 110 | env.bak/ 111 | venv.bak/ 112 | 113 | # Spyder project settings 114 | .spyderproject 115 | .spyproject 116 | 117 | # Rope project settings 118 | .ropeproject 119 | 120 | # mkdocs documentation 121 | /site 122 | 123 | # mypy 124 | .mypy_cache/ 125 | .dmypy.json 126 | dmypy.json 127 | 128 | # Pyre type checker 129 | .pyre/ 130 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /LICENSE: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | Apache License 2 | Version 2.0, January 2004 3 | http://www.apache.org/licenses/ 4 | 5 | TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR USE, REPRODUCTION, AND DISTRIBUTION 6 | 7 | 1. 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The defaults in the code are for the stand alone broker, although these can be replaced with cloud config or a local Docker config. 6 | In addition, we will use several other technologies to build the ticket booking solution: 7 | * [ably](https://ably.com/) 8 | * [FastAPI](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/) 9 | * [Ngrok](https://ngrok.com/) 10 | 11 | For detailed instructions, [please refer to the technical guide](https://ably.com/blog/realtime-ticket-booking-solution-kafka-fastapi-ably). 12 | 13 | Useful Resources: 14 | 15 | * [Ably Kafka Connector: extend Kafka to the edge reliably and safely](https://ably.com/blog/ably-kafka-connector-extend-kafka-to-the-edge) 16 | * [Building a realtime ticket booking solution with Kafka, FastAPI, and Ably](https://ably.com/blog/realtime-ticket-booking-solution-kafka-fastapi-ably#building-the-realtime-ticket-booking-solution) 17 | * [How to stream Kafka messages to Internet-facing clients over WebSockets](https://ably.com/topic/websockets-kafka) 18 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /app.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | from fastapi import FastAPI, Request 2 | from confluent_kafka.schema_registry import SchemaRegistryClient 3 | from confluent_kafka.schema_registry.avro import AvroSerializer 4 | from confluent_kafka import SerializingProducer 5 | from pathlib import Path 6 | from models import * 7 | 8 | app = FastAPI() 9 | 10 | booking_schema = Path('schemas/booking-schema.avsc').read_text() 11 | booking_producer = None 12 | booking_topic = 'booking-topic' 13 | 14 | conference_schema = Path('schemas/conference-schema.avsc').read_text() 15 | 16 | conference_producer = None 17 | conference_topic = 'conference-topic' 18 | 19 | local_config = {'bootstrap.servers': 'localhost:9092'} 20 | schema_registry_local = {'url': 'http://127.0.0.1:8081'} 21 | 22 | booking_avro_serializer = AvroSerializer(schema_registry_client=SchemaRegistryClient(schema_registry_local), 23 | schema_str=booking_schema) 24 | 25 | conference_avro_serializer = AvroSerializer(schema_registry_client=SchemaRegistryClient(schema_registry_local), 26 | schema_str=conference_schema) 27 | 28 | conference_config = {'bootstrap.servers': 'localhost:9092', 'value.serializer': conference_avro_serializer} 29 | booking_config = {'bootstrap.servers': 'localhost:9092', 'value.serializer': booking_avro_serializer} 30 | 31 | 32 | @app.on_event('startup') 33 | async def startup_event(): 34 | global booking_producer 35 | booking_producer = SerializingProducer(booking_config) 36 | global conference_producer 37 | conference_producer = SerializingProducer(conference_config) 38 | 39 | 40 | @app.on_event('shutdown') 41 | def shutdown_event(): 42 | booking_producer.close() 43 | conference_producer.close() 44 | 45 | 46 | @app.post('/inbound-bookings') 47 | async def bookings(data: AblyWebhook, request: Request): 48 | try: 49 | booking_list = [Booking.parse_raw(x.data) for x in data.items[0].data.messages] 50 | for booking_entry in booking_list: 51 | booking_producer.produce(booking_topic, None, booking_entry.dict()) 52 | 53 | booking_producer.poll(0) 54 | booking_producer.flush() 55 | except Exception as e: 56 | print(e) 57 | return 400 58 | 59 | return 200 60 | 61 | 62 | @app.post('/inbound-conferences') 63 | async def conference_creation(data: Conference, request: Request): 64 | try: 65 | conference_producer.produce(conference_topic, None, data.dict()) 66 | conference_producer.poll(0) 67 | conference_producer.flush() 68 | print(data.dict()) 69 | except Exception as e: 70 | print(e) 71 | return 400 72 | 73 | return 200 74 | 75 | 76 | @app.post('/presence') 77 | async def presence_firehose(data: AblyWebhook, request: Request): 78 | # print(data) 79 | # all presence events 80 | 81 | return 200 82 | 83 | 84 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /models.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | from pydantic import BaseModel 2 | from typing import * 3 | from datetime import datetime 4 | 5 | 6 | class Conference(BaseModel): 7 | eventId: str 8 | eventCapacity: int 9 | eventDate: int 10 | bookingStart: int 11 | bookingEnd: int 12 | timestamp: int 13 | pass 14 | 15 | 16 | class Booking(BaseModel): 17 | userId: str 18 | eventId: str 19 | ticketNumber: int 20 | timestamp: int 21 | pass 22 | 23 | 24 | class Cancellation(BaseModel): 25 | userId: str 26 | eventId: str 27 | ticketNumber: int 28 | timestamp: datetime 29 | pass 30 | 31 | 32 | class PresenceMessage(BaseModel): 33 | id: str 34 | clientId: str 35 | connectionId: str 36 | timestamp: datetime 37 | data: Optional[Union[dict, str]] 38 | action: int 39 | pass 40 | 41 | 42 | class PresenceWrapper(BaseModel): 43 | channelId: str 44 | site: str 45 | presence: List[PresenceMessage] 46 | pass 47 | 48 | 49 | class AblyWebhookMessage(BaseModel): 50 | id: str 51 | timestamp: datetime 52 | data: str # Ably stringifies the data here 53 | name: str 54 | pass 55 | 56 | 57 | class WebhookData(BaseModel): 58 | channelId: str 59 | site: str 60 | messages: List[AblyWebhookMessage] 61 | pass 62 | 63 | 64 | class WebhookItem(BaseModel): 65 | webhookId: str 66 | source: str 67 | timestamp: datetime 68 | serial: Optional[str] = None 69 | name: str 70 | data: Union[WebhookData, PresenceWrapper] 71 | pass 72 | 73 | 74 | class AblyWebhook(BaseModel): 75 | items: List[WebhookItem] 76 | pass 77 | 78 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /queries/ksqldb-queries.sql: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2 | 3 | CREATE STREAM conferences WITH( 4 | KAFKA_TOPIC = 'conference-topic', 5 | VALUE_FORMAT = 'AVRO' 6 | ) 7 | 8 | CREATE STREAM current_conferences AS SELECT * FROM conferences 9 | WHERE BOOKINGSTART < (UNIX_TIMESTAMP()/1000) 10 | AND BOOKINGEND > (UNIX_TIMESTAMP()/1000) 11 | EMIT CHANGES; 12 | 13 | CREATE TABLE booking_list( 14 | id bigint PRIMARY KEY 15 | ) WITH ( 16 | KAFKA_TOPIC = 'booking-topic', 17 | VALUE_FORMAT = 'AVRO' 18 | ); 19 | 20 | CREATE TABLE bookings_per_event AS 21 | SELECT eventID, 22 | SUM(TICKETNUMBER) AS TOTAL_BOOKINGS 23 | FROM BOOKINGS 24 | GROUP BY eventID; 25 | 26 | CREATE STREAM output_stream 27 | WITH (kafka_topic='out-topic', 28 | value_format='json') AS 29 | SELECT current_conferences.EVENTID as id, EVENTCAPACITY, TOTAL_BOOKINGS, EVENTDATE, BOOKINGSTART, BOOKINGEND 30 | FROM current_conferences 31 | LEFT JOIN BOOKINGS_PER_EVENT ON current_conferences.EVENTID = BOOKINGS_PER_EVENT.EVENTID; 32 | 33 | -- this are some experimental queries that make some interesting tables which are worth exploring 34 | CREATE TABLE conference_list( 35 | id bigint PRIMARY KEY 36 | ) WITH ( 37 | KAFKA_TOPIC = 'conference-topic', 38 | VALUE_FORMAT = 'AVRO' 39 | ); 40 | 41 | CREATE TABLE current_conference_list AS SELECT * FROM conference_list 42 | WHERE BOOKINGSTART < (UNIX_TIMESTAMP()/1000) 43 | AND BOOKINGEND > (UNIX_TIMESTAMP()/1000) 44 | EMIT CHANGES; -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /requirements.txt: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | fastapi 2 | uvicorn 3 | python-jose 4 | ably 5 | pydantic 6 | confluent-kafka 7 | names 8 | requests 9 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /schemas/.DS_Store: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ably-labs/Realtime-ticket-booking-solution/45dbc78e7a1d7c48e34fb43d64db37a26f7318cc/schemas/.DS_Store -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /schemas/booking-schema.avsc: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | { 2 | "type": "record", 3 | "namespace": "example.avro.ably", 4 | "name": "Booking", 5 | "doc": "This is the schema for a ticket booking or cancellation", 6 | "fields": [ 7 | { 8 | "name": "userId", 9 | "type": "string" 10 | }, 11 | { 12 | "name": "eventId", 13 | "type": "string" 14 | }, 15 | { 16 | "name": "ticketNumber", 17 | "type": "int", 18 | "default": 1 19 | }, 20 | { 21 | "name": "timestamp", 22 | "type": "int" 23 | } 24 | ] 25 | } -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /schemas/conference-schema.avsc: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | { 2 | "type": "record", 3 | "namespace": "example.avro.ably", 4 | "name": "conference", 5 | "doc": "This is the schema for a conference, contains it time, capacity and booking window", 6 | "fields": [ 7 | { 8 | "name": "eventId", 9 | "type": "string", 10 | "default": "no name" 11 | }, 12 | { 13 | "name": "eventCapacity", 14 | "type": "int", 15 | "default": 100 16 | }, 17 | { 18 | "name": "eventDate", 19 | "type": "long" 20 | }, 21 | { 22 | "name": "bookingStart", 23 | "type": "long" 24 | }, 25 | { 26 | "name": "bookingEnd", 27 | "type": "long" 28 | }, 29 | { 30 | "name": "timestamp", 31 | "type": "long" 32 | } 33 | ] 34 | } -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /schemas/schemas.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | These are the topic schemas for the main inbound topics. 2 | Having them set up as Avero in schema registry makes it easier to use them with KSQLDB 3 | 4 | The outbound topic is derived from the SQL commands we will be running as will ne JSON hence is untyped. 5 | 6 | The serialising producers read these and add will them the schema registry on start so there is no need to configure them manually. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /test-scripts/booking-test.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | from ably import AblyRest 2 | import datetime 3 | import names 4 | import random 5 | 6 | 7 | # this should be the name of an event in your current events stream 8 | # I have chosen one from at random 9 | event_name = "William's big event" 10 | 11 | # A sample booking JSON that matches the schema in the models expected by system 12 | mybooking = { 13 | "userId": "", 14 | "eventId": event_name, 15 | "ticketNumber": 1, 16 | "timestamp": 0 17 | } 18 | 19 | # as we are only hitting one event we should not book too many tickets at once 20 | number_of_bookings = 5 21 | 22 | 23 | # simple Ably publisher from https://github.com/ably/ably-python 24 | # please add your API here 25 | ably = AblyRest('APIKEY') 26 | channel = ably.channels.get("bookings:booking1") 27 | for count in range(number_of_bookings): 28 | mybooking["userId"] = names.get_full_name() 29 | mybooking["ticketNumber"] = random.randint(1, 5) 30 | mybooking["timestamp"] = int((datetime.datetime.now() - datetime.timedelta(days=random.randint(1, 10))).timestamp()) 31 | channel.publish('booking', mybooking) 32 | 33 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /test-scripts/event-creation.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | import datetime 2 | import json 3 | import names 4 | import random 5 | import requests 6 | 7 | # This is the layout of the event creation message as seen in the open API spec when you start the main API 8 | my_event = { 9 | "eventId": "string", # A string to identify the event, would likely be a UUID and a display name in a 10 | # more complete implementation 11 | 12 | "eventCapacity": 0, # The max number of people allowed at the event, in later examples we could have 13 | # a structure for different seating types 14 | 15 | "eventDate": 0, # Event date as a UTC timestamp 16 | "bookingStart": 0, # Booking window start as a UTC timestamp 17 | "bookingEnd": 0, # Booking window end as a UTC timestamp 18 | "timestamp": 0 # Event creation timestamp unused at the moment UTC timestamp 19 | } 20 | 21 | target_url = 'http://127.0.0.1:8000/inbound-conferences' # url for the event creation endpoint set for local dev. 22 | 23 | events = 20 # number of events to make 24 | 25 | first_event = datetime.datetime.now() # this today, we are going to create events offset from this 26 | 27 | time_delta = datetime.timedelta(days=7) # days between each event, a week in this case 28 | 29 | booking_window = datetime.timedelta(days=30) # base days of the booking window 30 | 31 | current_date = first_event # and then we have the moving 32 | 33 | # we are going to create a stream events to match against 34 | for count in range(events): 35 | current_date = current_date + time_delta 36 | date_offset = current_date - datetime.timedelta(days=1) 37 | my_event["eventId"] = names.get_first_name() + "'s big event" 38 | my_event["eventCapacity"] = random.randint(50, 400) 39 | my_event["eventDate"] = int(current_date.timestamp()) 40 | my_event["bookingEnd"] = int(date_offset.timestamp()) # booking ends a day before 41 | my_event["bookingStart"] = int((date_offset - booking_window).timestamp()) # booking starts 30 days before 42 | r = requests.post(target_url, data=json.dumps(my_event)) 43 | print(json.dumps(my_event)) 44 | 45 | 46 | 47 | 48 | 49 | 50 | 51 | 52 | 53 | 54 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------