├── CCCSL_Glossary of codes.docx ├── COVID19_non-pharmaceutical-interventions_version2_utf8.csv ├── Description_changes_v2_20201216.pdf ├── History_Description_Changes ├── Description_changes_v2.pdf ├── Description_changes_v2_20200511.pdf ├── Description_changes_v2_20200512.pdf ├── Description_changes_v2_20200514.pdf ├── Description_changes_v2_20200525.pdf ├── Description_changes_v2_20200609.pdf ├── Description_changes_v2_20200630.pdf ├── Description_changes_v2_20200701.pdf ├── Description_changes_v2_20200702.pdf ├── Description_changes_v2_20200705.pdf ├── Description_changes_v2_20200706.pdf ├── Description_changes_v2_20200706_2.pdf ├── Description_changes_v2_20200708.pdf ├── Description_changes_v2_20200708_2.pdf ├── Description_changes_v2_20200709.pdf ├── Description_changes_v2_20200710.pdf ├── Description_changes_v2_20201015.pdf ├── Description_changes_v2_20201023.pdf ├── Description_changes_v2_20201027.pdf └── Description_changes_v2_20201123_2.pdf ├── Library_Of_Sources ├── CCCSL_Library_Of_Sources.json ├── CCCSL_Library_of_Sources.bib ├── CCCSL_Library_of_Sources.csv └── CCCSL_Library_of_Sources.ris ├── Master-List-with-Unique-LinkType-and-value.csv ├── Master_list_CCCSL_v2_ordered.csv ├── README.md └── Version1 ├── COVID19_non-pharmaceutical-interventions-semicolonsep.csv ├── COVID19_non-pharmaceutical-interventions.csv ├── List_measures_by_categoryL1-L2.csv └── List_measures_by_category_all.csv /CCCSL_Glossary of codes.docx: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/amel-github/covid19-interventionmeasures/7376e13a8d6542ee15ee3b0c96181a784bb8382d/CCCSL_Glossary of codes.docx -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /COVID19_non-pharmaceutical-interventions_version2_utf8.csv: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 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2021-03-01 4 | 5 | [Context](#Context) 6 | [Objective of the Project](#Objective) 7 | [Methods](#Methods) 8 | [Note on the Data](#Note%20on%20the%20Data) 9 | [Data Sources](#Data%20Sources) 10 | [CCCSL Fields](#CCCSL%20Fields) 11 | [Master List of Codes](#Master%20List%20of%20Codes) 12 | [Glossary of Codes](#Glossary%20of%20Codes) 13 | [R Codes](#R%20Codes) 14 | [License](#License) 15 | [Acknowledgements](#Acknowledgements) 16 | [Funding](#Funding) 17 | [Contact](#Contact) 18 | [List of Contributors](#List%20of%20Contributors) 19 | 20 | ## Context 21 | 22 | During the COVID-19 pandemic, governments have enforced a broad spectrum 23 | of interventions, under rapidly changing, unprecedented circumstances. 24 | Public health and social measures (PHSMs), also called 25 | non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs), aim to prevent the introduction 26 | of infectious diseases, control their spread, and reduce their burden on 27 | the health system. The general concept of containing the initial 28 | (exponential) spread of a disease is called “flattening the 29 | (epi-)curve”. By reducing the growth rate of an epidemic, PHSMs reduce 30 | the stress on the healthcare system and help gaining time to develop and 31 | produce vaccines and specific medications, which is of utmost importance 32 | in the case of emerging infectious diseases. 33 | 34 | Monitoring and documenting government strategies during the COVID-19 35 | crisis is crucial to understand the progression of the epidemic and its 36 | impacts, e.g. on the society, the economy, public health, or human 37 | rights. 38 | 39 | ## Objective of the Project 40 | 41 | Started in mid-March 2020, our project aims to generate a comprehensive 42 | structured dataset on government responses to COVID-19, including the 43 | respective time schedules of their implementation. 44 | 45 | **Data types** 46 | Our dataset presents PHSMs but also economic measures (EMs) implemented 47 | in response to COVID-19. 48 | 49 | The dataset is readily usable for modelling and machine learning 50 | analyses and exhibits a great analytical flexibility.
We also 51 | provide user-friendly documentation and materials (codes, visualisation 52 | interface, and library of sources) along with the dataset, which allow a 53 | maximum understanding of the data and promote its use among non-experts. 54 | 55 | ## Methods 56 | 57 | Our methodology is published: Desvars-Larrive, A., Dervic, E., Haug, N. 58 | et al. A structured open dataset of government interventions in response 59 | to COVID-19. *Scientific Data* 7, 285 (2020). 60 | . 61 | 62 | ## Note on the Data 63 | 64 | This project is an emergency research project started in response to the 65 | COVID-19 health crisis. The data has been collected in a very limited 66 | time. This dataset is dynamic, continuously updated, and is subjected to 67 | continuous data validation and code curation process. 68 | 69 | ## Data Sources 70 | 71 | A wide range of different public sources are used to populate, update 72 | and curate our dataset, including official government sources, 73 | peer-reviewed and non-peer-reviewed scientific papers, webpages of 74 | public health institutions (WHO, CDC, and ECDC), press releases, 75 | newspaper articles, and government communication through social media. 76 | 77 | An **Open Library of Sources** is available that contains all sources 78 | used to collect the data: 79 | . 80 | We also provide various formats of this library that can be imported in 81 | different reference manager software. 82 | 83 | ## CCCSL Fields 84 | 85 | **id** – Unique identifier for the implemented measure.
**Country** 86 | – The country where the measure was implemented.
**ISO3** – 87 | Three-letter country code as published by the International Organization 88 | for Standardization.
**State** – Subnational geographic area. State 89 | where the measure was implemented; the country name otherwise. Used for 90 | Germany, India, UK, and USA.
**Region** – Subnational geographic 91 | area (e.g. region, department, municipality, city) where the measure has 92 | been locally implemented (i.e. the measure was not implemented 93 | nationwide as of the mentioned date). The country or the state name 94 | otherwise (i.e. measure implemented nationwide).
**Date** – Date of 95 | implementation of the measure. Date of announcement was used when the 96 | date of implementation of the measure could not be found and this was 97 | specified in the field Comment.
**L1\_Measure** – Theme (L1 of the 98 | classification scheme). Eight themes were defined:
(1) Case 99 | identification, contact tracing and related measures,
(2) 100 | Environmental measures,
(3) Healthcare and public health 101 | capacity,
(4) Resource allocation,
(5) Risk communication,
102 | (6) Social distancing,
(7) Travel restriction,
(8) Returning to 103 | normal life.
**L2\_Measure** – Category (L2 of the classification 104 | scheme). See 105 | [Description\_changes\_v2\_20201216.pdf](Description_changes_v2_20201216.pdf) 106 | document for the list of the categories.
**L3\_Measure** – 107 | Subcategory (L3 of the classification scheme). Provides detailed 108 | information on the corresponding category (L2).
**L4\_Measure** – 109 | Code (L4 of the classification scheme). Corresponds to the finest level 110 | of description of the measure.
**Status** – Specifies whether the 111 | measure is a prolongation of a previously implemented measure 112 | (“Extended”) or a new measure (“New”). When this information has not 113 | been collected, the cell is empty.
**Comment** – Provides the 114 | description of the measure as found in the text source, translated into 115 | English.
**Source** – Provides the reference(s) for each recorded 116 | measure.
117 | 118 | ## Master List of Codes 119 | 120 | - [Master\_list\_CCCSL\_v2\_ordered.csv](Master_list_CCCSL_v2_ordered.csv): 121 | List of all unique combinations of theme/category/subcategory/code 122 | that appear in the CCCSL dataset. 123 | 124 | - [Master-List-with-Unique-LinkType-and-value.csv](Master-List-with-Unique-LinkType-and-value.csv): 125 | List of the codes providing a better overview of the taxonomy, 126 | i.e. type of link parent/child for each pairwise combination of 127 | codes and the number of times each link occurs in the dataset 128 | (value). 129 | 130 | The Master List of Codes is a dynamic document, updated together with 131 | the dataset, as inductive codes emerge from the text source. 132 | 133 | The CCCSL taxonomy can be visualized via our [online interactive 134 | tool](http://covid19-interventions.com/CCCSLgraph/) (Author: Sorger J.). 135 | 136 | ## Glossary of Codes 137 | 138 | The [Glossary of Codes](CCCSL_Glossary%20of%20codes.docx) provides a 139 | definition for each code used to describe COVID-19 PHSMs and EMs in the 140 | CCCSL. 141 | 142 | *Note* 143 | On 2020-12-16 (commit cd396b3) we have updated the CCCSL with an 144 | improved taxonomy (Categories/Subcategories/Codes). The most important 145 | change concerns the classification of gatherings (theme: Social 146 | distancing). Previous versions discriminated between small (\< 50 147 | persons) and mass gatherings (\> 50 persons). However, this was not 148 | accurate enough with regard to closure of restaurants, shops, short-term 149 | accommodations, or businesses for which we did not know the capacity. We 150 | also wanted to adapt the codes with regard to several PHSMs, e.g. mask 151 | wearing policies and phase-out measures, which, worldwide, discriminate 152 | outdoor and indoor settings. Therefore, the theme “Social distancing” 153 | has new categories “Indoor gathering restriction”, “Outdoor gathering 154 | restriction” and “Indoor and outdoor gathering restriction”. See our 155 | [Glossary of Codes](CCCSL_Glossary%20of%20codes.docx) for more details. 156 | 157 | ## R Codes 158 | 159 | R codes for exploring the dataset and reproducing the figures of our 160 | [publication](https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-020-00609-9) as well as 161 | some graphs displayed on our 162 | [webpage](https://covid19-interventions.com/) are available on 163 | [GitHub](https://github.com/amel-github/CCCSL-Codes) and 164 | [Zenodo](https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3949808). 165 | 166 | ## License 167 | 168 | This project is licensed under the CC BY-SA 4.0 License - see the [CC 169 | BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en) file 170 | for details. 171 | 172 | ## Acknowledgements 173 | 174 | This work is coordinated by the [Complexity Science Hub Vienna, 175 | Austria](https://www.csh.ac.at).
This work is supported by the 176 | [University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 177 | Austria](https://www.vetmeduni.ac.at/). 178 | 179 | ## Funding 180 | 181 | EOSCsecretariat.eu has received funding from the European Union’s 182 | Horizon Programme call H2020-INFRAEOSC-05-2018-2019, grant Agreement 183 | number 831644. 184 | 185 | ## Contact 186 | 187 | Amélie Desvars-Larrive (Complexity Science Hub Vienna, Austria / 188 | University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Austria).
Email: 189 | [desvars@csh.ac.at]() 190 | 191 | ## List of Contributors (alphabetical order) 192 | 193 | Ahne Verena *(Complexity Science Hub Vienna)*
Álvarez Francisco S. 194 | *(Fundación Naturaleza El Salvador)*
Bartoszek Marta *(Institute of 195 | Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland / University of 196 | Veterinary Medicine Vienna)*
Berishaj Dorontinë *(Independent 197 | Scholar)*
Bulska Dominika *(Institute for Social Studies, University 198 | of Warsaw, Poland)*
Chakraborty Abhijit *(Complexity Science Hub 199 | Vienna)*
Chen Jiaying *(Section for Science of Complex Systems, 200 | Medical University of Vienna / Complexity Science Hub Vienna)*
Chen 201 | Xiao *(Independent Scholar)*
Cserjan David *(Complexity Science Hub 202 | Vienna)*
Dervic Alija *(Institute of Electrodynamics, Microwave and 203 | Circuit Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, Austria)*
204 | Dervic Elma *(Section for Science of Complex Systems, Medical University 205 | of Vienna / Complexity Science Hub Vienna)*
Desvars-Larrive Amélie 206 | *(University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna / Complexity Science Hub 207 | Vienna)*
Di Natale Anna *(Section for Science of Complex Systems, 208 | Medical University of Vienna / Complexity Science Hub Vienna)*
El 209 | Goukhi Jasmin *(University of Vienna / University of Veterinary Medicine 210 | Vienna)*
Ferreira Marcia R. *(Complexity Science Hub Vienna)*
211 | Flores Tames Erwin *(Complexity Science Hub Vienna)*
Garcia David 212 | *(Section for Science of Complex Systems, Medical University of Vienna / 213 | Complexity Science Hub Vienna)*
Garncarek Zuzanna *(Institute of 214 | Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland)*
Gliga Diana S. 215 | *(Independent Scholar)*
Gooriah Leana *(German Centre for 216 | Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Leipzig, Germany)*
Gruber 217 | Michael *(University of Veterinary Medicine)*
Grzymała-Moszczyńska 218 | Joanna *(Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, 219 | Poland)*
Jurczak Anna *(Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian 220 | University, Kraków, Poland)*
Haberfellner Simon *(Independent 221 | Scholar)*
Hadziavdic Lamija *(Independent Scholar)*
Haug Nils 222 | *(Section for Science of Complex Systems, Medical University of Vienna / 223 | Complexity Science Hub Vienna, Austria)*
Holder Samantha 224 | *(Independent Scholar)*
Korbel Jan *(Section for Science of Complex 225 | Systems, Medical University of Vienna / Complexity Science Hub 226 | Vienna)*
Lasser Jana *(Section for Science of Complex Systems, 227 | Medical University of Vienna / Complexity Science Hub Vienna)*
228 | Lederhilger Diana *(Independent Scholar)*
Niederkrotenthaler Thomas 229 | *(Unit Suicide Research & Mental Health Promotion, Medical University of 230 | Vienna, Austria / Complexity Science Hub Vienna)*
Pacheco Andrea 231 | *(German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Leipzig, 232 | Germany)*
Pocasangre-Orellana Xochilt María *(Fundación Naturaleza 233 | El Salvador)*
Reddish Jenny *(Seshat: The Global History Databank / 234 | Complexity Science Hub Vienna)*
Reisch Viktoria *(Independent 235 | Scholar)*
Roux Alexandra *(CERMES3, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en 236 | Sciences Sociales, Villejuif / Gender, Sexuality, Health, CESP, INSERM, 237 | Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif, France)*
Schueller William 238 | *(Complexity Science Hub Vienna)*
Sorger Johannes *(Complexity 239 | Science Hub Vienna)*
Stangl Johannes *(Independent Scholar)*
240 | Stoeger Laura *(Complexity Science Hub Vienna)*
Takriti Huda 241 | *(Complexity Science Hub Vienna)*
Ten Alexandr *(Flowers 242 | project-team, National Research Institute for Digital Sciences (INRIA), 243 | Talence, France)*
Thurner Stefan *(Section for Science of Complex 244 | Systems, Medical University of Vienna / Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, 245 | USA / Complexity Science Hub Vienna)*
Vierlinger Rainer 246 | *(Independent Scholar)* 247 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /Version1/COVID19_non-pharmaceutical-interventions-semicolonsep.csv: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/amel-github/covid19-interventionmeasures/7376e13a8d6542ee15ee3b0c96181a784bb8382d/Version1/COVID19_non-pharmaceutical-interventions-semicolonsep.csv -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /Version1/COVID19_non-pharmaceutical-interventions.csv: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/amel-github/covid19-interventionmeasures/7376e13a8d6542ee15ee3b0c96181a784bb8382d/Version1/COVID19_non-pharmaceutical-interventions.csv -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /Version1/List_measures_by_categoryL1-L2.csv: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | "","Measure_L1","Measure_L2" 2 | "1","Travel restriction","Border restriction" 3 | "2","Travel restriction","Cancellation of international flights" 4 | "6","Social distancing","Closure of educational institutions" 5 | "9","Risk communication","Educate and actively communicate with the public" 6 | "11","Healthcare and public health capacity","Enhance healthcare capacity - Funds" 7 | "13","Case identification, contact tracing and related measures","Enhance detection system" 8 | "14","Social distancing","Mass gathering cancellation" 9 | "15","Social distancing","Small gathering cancellation" 10 | "24","Travel restriction","National lockdown" 11 | "25","Healthcare and public health capacity","Scale up emergency response mechanisms" 12 | "26","Case identification, contact tracing and related measures","Specific health channel for travellers" 13 | "27","Travel restriction","Stop public transports" 14 | "28","Travel restriction","Individual movement restrictions" 15 | "32","Case identification, contact tracing and related measures","Airport health check" 16 | "34","Healthcare and public health capacity","Activate notification of cases" 17 | "36","Case identification, contact tracing and related measures","Isolation of cases" 18 | "38","Social distancing","Return operation of nationals living in regions at risk" 19 | "42","Healthcare and public health capacity","Enhance emergency response mechanisms" 20 | "43","Risk communication","Actively communicate with stakeholders" 21 | "47","Healthcare and public health capacity","Activate emergency response mechanisms" 22 | "48","Risk communication","Actively communicate with healthcare professionals" 23 | "53","Healthcare and public health capacity","Enhance laboratory testing" 24 | "58","Risk communication","Travel alert" 25 | "61","Travel restriction","Travel restriction to high-risk areas" 26 | "63","Travel restriction","Airport restriction" 27 | "65","Risk communication","Call for return of nationals living abroad" 28 | "66","Case identification, contact tracing and related measures","Border health check" 29 | "73","Resource allocation","Crisis management plans" 30 | "77","Social distancing","Measures for special populations" 31 | "82","Travel restriction","Cordon sanitaire" 32 | "84","Healthcare and public health capacity","Increase patient capacity" 33 | "100","Case identification, contact tracing and related measures","Quarantine" 34 | "103","Social distancing","Return operation of nationals abroad" 35 | "109","Healthcare and public health capacity","Increase availability of PPE" 36 | "114","Social distancing","Mandatory use of masks" 37 | "119","Returning to normal life","Re-opening of shops" 38 | "136","Travel restriction","Non-essential travels forbidden" 39 | "144","Case identification, contact tracing and related measures","Tracing and monitoring" 40 | "182","Healthcare and public health capacity","Reduce the burden on health system" 41 | "194","Healthcare and public health capacity","Research" 42 | "195","Travel restriction","Denial entry to boats with more than 100 passengers" 43 | "201","Resource allocation","Fixing maximum price for necessity goods" 44 | "250","Social distancing","Special measures for certain establishments" 45 | "273","Social distancing","Work safety protocols" 46 | "288","Healthcare and public health capacity","Increase in medical supplies and equipment" 47 | "292","Case identification, contact tracing and related measures","Surveillance" 48 | "342","Environmental measures","Environmental cleaning and disinfection" 49 | "352","Healthcare and public health capacity","Case management" 50 | "435","Healthcare and public health capacity","Repurpose hospitals" 51 | "461","Social distancing","Public transport" 52 | "469","Travel restriction","Train transport restrictions" 53 | "488","Case identification, contact tracing and related measures","Scale up the system" 54 | "489","Returning to normal life","Lift quarantine" 55 | "498","Travel restriction","Airports closing for domestic flights" 56 | "516","Case identification, contact tracing and related measures","Treatment of patients should not be compromised" 57 | "529","Healthcare and public health capacity","Precautions for handling and disposal of dead bodies" 58 | "554","Returning to normal life","Reactivate the economy" 59 | "633","Travel restriction","Airports closing for all international flights" 60 | "649","Healthcare and public health capacity","Increase healthcare workforce" 61 | "659","Travel restriction","Outgoing oversea travel ban" 62 | "710","Resource allocation","Fixing price for specific protective products" 63 | "815","Healthcare and public health capacity","Enhance hand hygiene" 64 | "829","Resource allocation","Emergency laws" 65 | "970","Resource allocation","The government provides food assistance" 66 | "1135","Healthcare and public health capacity","Measures for blood donation" 67 | "1186","Returning to normal life","Re-opening land border" 68 | "1188","Resource allocation","Receive international help" 69 | "1197","Resource allocation","Mobilize army and police to support application of laws related to covid-19 control" 70 | "1205","Resource allocation","Provide international help" 71 | "1372","Healthcare and public health capacity","Increase isolation and quarantine facilities" 72 | "1420","Case identification, contact tracing and related measures","Health check at train stations" 73 | "1501","Resource allocation","Enforce lockdown" 74 | "1633","Travel restriction","Denial entry of travellers from China" 75 | "1640","Travel restriction","Deportation of Chinese nationals" 76 | "1997","Resource allocation","Setting price for specific protective products" 77 | "2355","Travel restriction","Partial cancellation of international flights" 78 | "2394","Travel restriction","Commercial flights suspended" 79 | "2412","Resource allocation","Administrative procedures facilitated" 80 | "2430","Travel restriction","Restriction of freight transport" 81 | "2442","Resource allocation","Ban export of necessity goods" 82 | "2664","Case identification, contact tracing and related measures","Restriction in testing" 83 | "2807","Travel restriction","Outgoing domestic travel ban" 84 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /Version1/List_measures_by_category_all.csv: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/amel-github/covid19-interventionmeasures/7376e13a8d6542ee15ee3b0c96181a784bb8382d/Version1/List_measures_by_category_all.csv --------------------------------------------------------------------------------