├── IntentModels.md ├── LICENSE ├── LogBooks.zip ├── ModelingExamples ├── Banks.md ├── Books.md ├── DistributionCompanies.md ├── JavaMetamodel.md ├── MovieTheaters.md ├── OnlineShopping.md ├── ProcessesThreadsAndResources.md ├── TemplemanLibrary.md ├── TheaterPlays.md ├── TwitterMetamodel.md ├── UndergroundSystem.md ├── UniversityDegrees.md └── VideoStores.md ├── README.md └── images ├── Amphibious-CD.png ├── Banks-CD.png ├── Books-CD.png ├── Car-CD.png ├── JC1.png ├── JC10.png ├── JC2.png ├── JC3.png ├── JC4.png ├── JC5.png ├── JC6.png ├── JC7.png ├── JC8.png ├── JC9.png ├── JT1.png ├── JT10.png ├── JT2.png ├── JT3.png ├── JT4.png ├── JT5.png ├── JT6.png ├── JT7.png ├── JT8.png ├── JT9.png ├── LB1.png ├── LB10.png ├── LB2.png ├── LB3.png ├── LB4.png ├── LB5.png ├── LB6.png ├── LB7.png ├── LB8.png ├── LB9.png ├── Loans-AC-CD.png ├── Loans-CD.png ├── Matches-CD.png ├── PO-CD.png ├── School-CD.png └── Snark-CD.png /IntentModels.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2 | # Intent models 3 | 4 | The models in this document represent different user *intents*, i.e., models that the user has in his mind and would like ChatGPT to generate. For each one the exercise consists in asking ChatGPT to produce the 5 | corresponding UML model using one or more prompts. 6 | 7 | The models are given by an image, and at most with some constraints written in OCL. We did not want to provide the USE or PlatUML specification so that ChatGPT does not learn from them. In this way, we can use them for testing future versions of ChatGPT. 8 | 9 | All models are labeled with a series of tags indicating the modeling concepts and mechanisms covered by the model. 10 | 11 | Possible tags include: Enumerations, Classes, Attributes, Operations, Generalizations, Associations, Aggregations, Compositions, Association classes, Associations reified as classes, Multiple inheritance, Abstract classes, OCL constraints, Roles (as assoc. ends), Roles (as inherited classes), [Roles (as entity types)](https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-540-30464-7_7), and [Materialization](http://www.vldb.org/conf/1994/P630.PDF). 12 | 13 | 14 | ## Amphibious 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 |

19 | 20 |

21 | 22 | ``` 23 | constraints 24 | context LandVehicle inv LandMaxSpeed: 25 | self.maxSpeed = 30 26 | context LandVehicle inv LandEnvironment: 27 | self.environment = #land 28 | context MarineVehicle inv MarineMaxSpeed: 29 | self.maxSpeed = 10 30 | context MarineVehicle inv MarineEnvironment: 31 | self.environment = #water 32 | context AmphibiousVehicle inv AmphibiousMaxSpeed: 33 | self.maxSpeed = if self.environment = #water then 10 else 30 endif 34 | context AmphibiousVehicle inv AmphibiousEnvironment: 35 | self.environment = #water or self.environment = #land 36 | end 37 | ``` 38 | 39 | * **Tags**: Enumerations, Classes, Attributes, Generalizations, Multiple inheritance, Abstract classes, OCL constraints. 40 | 41 | 42 | ## Football Matches 43 | 44 | 45 |

46 | 47 |

48 | 49 | 50 | ``` 51 | constraints 52 | context League inv MatchesOK: -- matches must be between teams in the same league 53 | self.match->forAll(m| 54 | m.local.league->includes(self) and m.visitor.league->includes(self)) 55 | context Match inv DifferentTeams: self.local<>self.visitor 56 | context Match inv LocalWinner: 57 | self.finished and self.localGoals>self.visitorGoals 58 | implies self.winner = self.local 59 | context Match inv VisitorWinner: 60 | self.finished and self.localGoalsisEmpty() 65 | context Match inv GoalsOK: 66 | self.localGoals>=0 and self.visitorGoals>=0 67 | ``` 68 | * **Tags**: Classes, Attributes, Operations, Associations, Aggregations, Association classes, OCL constraints. 69 | 70 | ## Loans - Association Class 71 | 72 |

73 | 74 |

75 | 76 | 77 | ``` 78 | constraints 79 | context Customer inv OnlyOneLoan12Installments: 80 | self.loan->select(installments>12)->size()<=1 81 | context Bank inv ThirtyPercentLoans12Installments: 82 | (self.loan->select(installments>12)->size() * 100.0 / self.loan->size()) <= 30 83 | context Customer inv DifferentYears: 84 | self.loan->forAll(l1,l2|l1<>l2 implies l1.startingYear<>l2.startingYear) 85 | ``` 86 | 87 | * **Tags**: Classes, Attributes, Operations, Association classes, OCL constraints, Roles (as assoc. ends). 88 | 89 | ## Loans - Class 90 | 91 |

92 | 93 |

94 | 95 | 96 | ``` 97 | constraints 98 | context Customer inv OnlyOneLoan12Installments: 99 | self.loan->select(installments>12)->size()<=1 100 | context Bank inv ThirtyPercentLoans12Installments: 101 | (self.loan->select(installments>12)->size() * 100.0 / self.loan->size()) <= 30 102 | context Customer inv DifferentYears: 103 | self.loan->forAll(l1,l2|l1<>l2 implies l1.startingYear<>l2.startingYear) 104 | ``` 105 | 106 | * **Tags**: Classes, Attributes, Operations, Associations reified as classes, OCL constraints. 107 | 108 | 109 | ## School 110 | 111 |

112 | 113 |

114 | 115 | * **Tags**: Classes, Attributes, Generalizations, Associations, Compositions, Roles (as inherited classes). 116 | 117 | ## Books and copies 118 | 119 |

120 | 121 |

122 | 123 | * **Tags**: Classes, Attributes, Associations, [Roles (as entity types)](https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-540-30464-7_7), [Materialization](http://www.vldb.org/conf/1994/P630.PDF). 124 | 125 | 126 | ## Snarks 127 | 128 |

129 | 130 |

131 | 132 | * **Tags**: Classes, Attributes, Associations, A[Roles (as entity types)](https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-540-30464-7_7), [Materialization](http://www.vldb.org/conf/1994/P630.PDF). 133 | 134 | ## Car 135 | 136 |

137 | 138 |

139 | 140 | ``` 141 | constraints 142 | context Model inv ModelUniqueNames: 143 | Model.allInstances->isUnique(name) 144 | context Make inv MakeUniqueNames: 145 | Make.allInstances->isUnique(name) 146 | context Model inv SameSeatSizes: 147 | self.car.seat->collect(size)->asSet()->size()=1 148 | context Car inv SameWheelDiameter: 149 | self.wheel->collect(diameter)->asSet()->size()=1 150 | ``` 151 | 152 | * **Tags**: Classes, Attributes, Associations, Compositions, OCL constraints, [Roles (as entity types)](https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-540-30464-7_7), and [Materialization](http://www.vldb.org/conf/1994/P630.PDF). 153 | 154 | ## PurchaseOrders 155 | 156 |

157 | 158 |

159 | 160 | ``` 161 | constraints 162 | context Unit inv InStockOrWithCustomer: 163 | self.company->size() + self.order->size() = 1 164 | ``` 165 | 166 | * **Tags**: Classes, Attributes, Associations, Aggregations, OCL constraints, Roles (as assoc. ends). 167 | 168 | ## Banks 169 | 170 |

171 | 172 |

173 | 174 | 175 | ``` 176 | constraints 177 | context Person inv ManagerOrClient: 178 | self.manager->notEmpty() implies 179 | self.client.branch->excludes(self.manager.branch) 180 | ``` 181 | 182 | * **Tags**: Enumerations, Classes, Attributes, Associations, Compositions, OCL constraints, [Roles (as entity types)](https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-540-30464-7_7). 183 | 184 | ## Furniture 185 | 186 |

187 | 188 |

189 | 190 | 191 | * **Tags**: Enumerations, Classes, Attributes, Generalizations. 192 | 193 | ## ScubaGear 194 |

195 | 196 |

197 | 198 | 199 | * **Tags**: Classes, Attributes, Operations, Compositions. 200 | 201 | ## TennisMatch 202 |

203 | 204 |

205 | 206 | 207 | * **Tags**: Classes, Attributes, Operations. 208 | 209 | ## Courses 210 |

211 | 212 |

213 | 214 | 215 | * **Tags**: Classes, Attributes, Associations, Aggregations. 216 | 217 | ## Airlines-AC 218 |

219 | 220 |

221 | 222 | 223 | * **Tags**: Classes, Attributes, Operations, Association classes. 224 | 225 | ## Airlines 226 |

227 | 228 |

229 | 230 | 231 | * **Tags**: Classes, Attributes, Operations, Associations reified as classes. 232 | 233 | ## Theather 234 |

235 | 236 |

237 | 238 | * **Tags**: Classes, Attributes, Associations, Compositions, [Materialization](http://www.vldb.org/conf/1994/P630.PDF). 239 | 240 | ## Events 241 |

242 | 243 |

244 | 245 | 246 | * **Tags**: Enumerations, Classes, Attributes, Generalizations, Associations, Aggregations, Roles (as assoc. ends). 247 | 248 | ## Bathroom 249 |

250 | 251 |

252 | 253 | 254 | * **Tags**: Classes, Compositions. 255 | 256 | ## Employees 257 |

258 | 259 |

260 | 261 | 262 | 263 | * **Tags**: Classes, Attributes, Association classes. 264 | 265 | ## SimpleFolder 266 | 267 |

268 | 269 |

270 | 271 | * **Tags**: Classes, Attributes, Associations. 272 | 273 | 274 | ## FileSystem1 275 |

276 | 277 |

278 | 279 | * **Tags**: Classes, Generalizations, Aggregations. 280 | 281 | 282 | 283 | ## FileSystem2 284 |

285 | 286 |

287 | 288 | * **Tags**: Classes, Attributes, Generalizations, Aggregations. 289 | 290 | 291 | ## Git 292 |

293 | 294 |

295 | 296 | * **Tags**: Classes, Attributes, Generalizations, Aggregations. 297 | 298 | 299 | ## Robot1 300 |

301 | 302 |

303 | 304 | * **Tags**: Enumerations, Classes, Attributes, Association classes. 305 | 306 | 307 | ## robot2 308 |

309 | 310 |

311 | 312 | * **Tags**: Enumerations, Classes, Attributes, Generalizations, Association classes. 313 | 314 | 315 | ## Robot3 316 |

317 | 318 |

319 | 320 | * **Tags**: Enumerations, Classes, Attributes, Generalizations, Aggregations, Association classes. 321 | 322 | 323 | ## Online Cart 324 |

325 | 326 |

327 | 328 | * **Tags**: Classes, Attributes, Aggregations, Compositions, Associations reified as classes. 329 | 330 | 331 | ## Purchase Orders2 332 |

333 | 334 |

335 | 336 | * **Tags**: Classes, Attributes, Generalizations, Aggregations, Compositions, Associations reified as classes. 337 | 338 | 339 | ## Aircraft 340 |

341 | 342 |

343 | 344 | * **Tags**: Classes, Generalizations, Associations, Compositions. 345 | 346 | 347 | 348 | ## VideoStore1 349 | 350 |

351 | 352 |

353 | 354 | * **Tags**: Classes, Attributes, Associations. 355 | 356 | 357 | 358 | ## VideoStore2 359 |

360 | 361 |

362 | 363 | * **Tags**: Classes, Attributes, Associations, Aggregations. 364 | 365 | 366 | 367 | ## VideoStore3 368 |

369 | 370 |

371 | 372 | * **Tags**: Classes, Attributes, Associations, Compositions. 373 | 374 | 375 | ## VideoStore4 376 |

377 | 378 |

379 | 380 | * **Tags**: Classes, Attributes, Operations, Associations, Compositions. 381 | 382 | 383 | ## Theather1 384 |

385 | 386 |

387 | 388 | * **Tags**: Classes, Attributes, Generalizations, Associations. 389 | 390 | 391 | ## Theather2 392 |

393 | 394 |

395 | 396 | * **Tags**: Enumerations, Classes, Attributes, Generalizations, Associations. 397 | 398 | 399 | ## Theather3 400 |

401 | 402 |

403 | 404 | * **Tags**: Enumerations, Classes, Attributes, Generalizations, Associations, Aggregations, Association classes. 405 | 406 | 407 | ## Theather4 408 |

409 | 410 |

411 | 412 | * **Tags**: Enumerations, Classes, Attributes, Generalizations, Associations, Aggregations, Association classes, Roles (as inherited classes). 413 | 414 | 415 | ## Airport1 416 |

417 | 418 |

419 | 420 | * **Tags**: Classes, Attributes, Associations. 421 | 422 | 423 | ## Airport2 424 |

425 | 426 |

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But first, please read 674 | . 675 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /LogBooks.zip: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/atenearesearchgroup/chatgpt-uml/f67534dbbdf8a231fa7465397f30358ad748b5cf/LogBooks.zip -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /ModelingExamples/Banks.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # The Banks 2 | 3 | ## Context 4 | 5 | Suppose the financial system of a country is composed of banks. 6 | 7 | * Each bank has branches, which may be spread throughout the country, but there may not be more than three branches of the same bank in the same city. 8 | * The structure of a bank's branches is hierarchical, so that a branch may have subordinate branches (of the same bank), either in the same city or in other cities. 9 | * The customers of a branch can be either the individuals or companies that have an account at the branch. Each customer may have one or more accounts in any of the branches of a bank. Each account can have only one account holder, the customer who opens the account. 10 | * Each branch owns an account, in which it stores its assets. 11 | * Each account has a balance, which must be positive, unless it is a "credit" account. 12 | * Credit accounts allow their balance to be negative, with a limit that is established when the account is opened. 13 | * A customer may request a change in this limit from the branch where the account is held, and the branch must request authorization from the branch directly responsible for it (except the head office, at the root of the hierarchy, which can make decisions directly). Changes in the credit limit will be authorized as long as the new limit is lower than the previous one, or if it is only 10% higher than the one the account already had, and the current balance exceeds the new limit (e.g., if the credit limit is 1,000 Euros and you request to increase it to 1,005 Euros with a balance of 1,100 euros on the account, the branch will authorize the change). 14 | * Customer can perform transactions with their accounts (request balance, deposit or withdraw money, and transfer money to another account). hey can also open accounts at any branch. When opening an account, the initial balance is 0. If the account is a credit account, the initial limit is 10 euros. 15 | * The accounts have a maintenance fee of 1% per year. This means that, once a year (on January 1), each branch deducts 1% from the current balance of all its accounts. If the balance is 0 and the account is not a credit account, no money is deducted. In case of credit accounts, if the resulting balance is negative the branch will deduct 1% of the account's credit limit instead. The deducted money from the becomes the property of the branch and is stored in your account. 16 | * All customers can transfer money from any of the accounts the own, to any other account -- no matter who the owner is, or the bank the destination account belongs to. Transfers between accounts of different banks have a 2% commission, i.e., if you transfer 1,000 euros, then 980 euros are deposited in the destination account. That 2% of the money becomes the property of the origin and destination branches (1% for each). Transfers between accounts of the same bank are free of charge. 17 | * Companies with a balance of more than 1 million euros in one of their accounts are considered VIP by that bank and have a number of advantages. Firstly, in a transfer between banks, the part corresponding to the account of origin or destination that is of that bank is not taxed with the corresponding 1%. Secondly, these accounts do not pay an annual maintenance fee. Only companies, and not individuals, can be considered VIP. 18 | * Finally, accounts whose holders are bank branches pay neither annual fee nor transfer commission in any bank. 19 | 20 | 21 | ## Questions 22 | 23 | 1. Develop a UML class diagram with the structure of such a system, with all the elements mentioned above, the relationships between them, and all required integrity constraints. 24 | 25 | 2. Specify the behavior of the operations described above. Include the appropriate pre- and post-conditions, and the body of operations if using a UML tool that supports an action language (such as SOIL). 26 | 27 | 3. Specify, using an object diagram, a system with 2 banks, each with two branches, and each branch with 3 accounts, one of which must be a credit account. There must be at least two customers with multiple accounts at different banks, and one VIP customer. 28 | 29 | 4. Specify a behavior that performs several transfers between the accounts over 3 years, so as to cover all possible cases of collection and waiver of maintenance and transfer fees, and check that all operations work correctly. 30 | 31 |   32 | 33 | 34 | 35 | 36 | 37 | 38 | 39 | 40 | 41 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /ModelingExamples/Books.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # Book management 2 | 3 | ## Context 4 | 5 | We want to model a computerized system for book management, whose structure is described below. 6 | 7 | * Each book has a title and one or more authors (e.g., Don Quixote, Miguel de Cervantes). 8 | * In addition to the authors' names, their date of birth and death (if they are deceased) are also stored. 9 | * Different editions of each book may exist, including the original one. 10 | * An edition may be of one type (paperback, hardcover or deluxe), has a number of pages and is published in one year, by one publisher and in one language. 11 | * Each edition may have a set of illustrators, who are in charge of the drawings of that edition (if any), as well as a set of translators, if the book has been translated from its original language. 12 | * Publishers print a number of copies of each edition. Each copy has an owner, which can be the publisher itself (if no one has bought it yet -- this is the default option), a bookstore, a library, or an individual. 13 | 14 | The behavior of the system allows books to be bought and borrowed. 15 | * Libraries can lend books to their registered users or to other libraries. 16 | * Individuals can only buy books through bookstores or from other individuals. 17 | * However, libraries and stores can buy them from publishers directly, from other stores or from individuals. 18 | * Publishers cannot buy books. 19 | * Finally, individuals may sell books that they own, but not books that they have borrowed from a library. 20 | * Libraries cannot sell books, only lend them, only if they own them and they are not borrowed. 21 | * Stores may not borrow books from any library. 22 | * Likewise, books may not be returned to a library that have not been previously borrowed. 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | ## Questions 27 | 28 | 1. 1. Develop a UML class diagram with the structure of such a system, with all the elements mentioned above, the relationships between them, and all required integrity constraints, including the following: 29 | 30 | * The values of all numeric data types must be correct (including, among others, that years and page numbers must be positive). 31 | * No edition of a book may be earlier than its original edition. 32 | * When the number of copies of any book, including all editions, exceeds 10,000, the book is considered a best-seller. 33 | * A person cannot own more than 100 copies of the books he has authored. 34 | 35 | 2. Model the behavior of the system, adding the required operations to carry out the actions described above, in particular the purchase, loan and return of the books. Include the pre- and postconditions of all operations, and their bodies if the modeling tool supports an action language (e.g., SOIL). It is important to respect the conditions indicated in the statement, such as that individuals cannot buy books from publishers, or that they cannot return books that they have not previously borrowed. 36 | 37 | 3. Describe the behavior of the system in the following two scenarios, by means of their corresponding sequence diagrams: 38 | 39 | * An individual buys an original copy from a store, which in turn has purchased from a publisher. 40 | * An individual returns a book that he had borrowed from a library. 41 | 42 | For both scenarios you should include two object diagrams, with the state of the system before and after the operations are carried out. 43 | 44 | 45 | 46 | 47 | 48 | 49 | 50 | 51 | 52 | 53 | 54 | 55 | 56 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /ModelingExamples/DistributionCompanies.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # Distribution companies 2 | 3 | ## Context 4 | 5 | We want to model the structure and behavior of a set of distribution companies. 6 | 7 | * Each company has a number of employees, including a director, a manager, and at least one base worker. 8 | * All employees have a salary. Of course, a person can work in several companies (though never in more than three), and therefore have different salaries. 9 | * Within the same company, the director has to be paid more than the manager, and the manager more than the base workers. 10 | * In addition, a person cannot hold two positions in the same company, i.e., a director cannot be a manager or a base worker, a manager cannot be a director or a base worker, and base workers cannot be managers or directors of that company (although they can be in other companies). 11 | * Each company sells a series of products (e.g., screws, long bits, short bits, nails, hammers, etc.), each with its own price. Of course, the price of items of the same product must be the same within the same company, but it may vary between different companies selling the same product. 12 | * People who place orders with a company become its customers. 13 | * Each order includes a number of items of the products sold by the company (for example, an order may be for 10 nails and 2 hammers, or for three chairs and two tables). 14 | * Each order must exceed a minimum value, otherwise it is not profitable for the company. Each company defines the minimum value of its orders. 15 | * Each company has two types of customers: normal customers, which are those who have placed at least one order, and VIP customers, which are those who have placed orders totaling more than 1,000 Euros. As soon as a customer becomes a VIP, he gets a 10% discount on all new orders. Let us further assume that the employees of a company are considered VIPs as soon as they start working for the company. 16 | * Companies have a set of items in stock in their warehouse at any given time. No one can place an order for items that are not in the company's warehouse. 17 | * Once an order is placed, the item disappears from the company's warehouse and becomes the property of the person who placed the order. 18 | * Finally, the same person cannot have items of more than 10 different product types, regardless of the company where they were purchased. 19 | 20 | The behavior of the system is determined by a set of actions that allow: 21 | 22 | * Purchasing items by placing orders, 23 | * Replenishing the companies' warehouses, and 24 | * Hiring and firing companies' workers. 25 | 26 | 27 | ## Questions 28 | 29 | 1. Develop a UML class diagram with the structure of such a system, with all the elements mentioned above, the relationships between them, and all required integrity constraints. 30 | 31 | 2. Create an object model describing a system with at least two companies, three customers (at least one of which works for a company), plus all those objects that are necessary to ensure the system constraints. 32 | 33 | 3. Model the behavior of the system, adding the required operations to carry out the actions described above. Include the pre- and postconditions of all operations, and their bodies if the modeling tool supports an action language (e.g., SOIL). 34 | 35 | 4. Starting from the initial state defined by the object model defined above, and using a sequence diagram, describe the behavior of the system by which at least 5 orders are placed (2 by 1 new customer and the rest by existing customers), the warehouses of two companies are updated, 2 new people are hired, and another one is fired. 36 | 37 | 5. Create an object diagram with the final state of the system after these operations are carried out. 38 | 39 | 40 | 41 | 42 | 43 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /ModelingExamples/JavaMetamodel.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # A Metamodel for Java 2 | 3 | ## Context 4 | 5 | We want to develop a metamodel for a basic subset of the Java programming language. 6 | 7 | ## Questions 8 | 9 | Develop a UML class diagram with the abstract syntax of a subset of the Java programming language to allow the definition of classes, their attributes and methods. More specifically, it must be able to represent at least the following concepts: Basic Type (int, byte, short, long, float, double, boolean and char), Class, Attribute, Method and Parameter (of a method). Attributes, methods and parameters must have a name and a type, which can be a basic type or a previously defined class. It must also be possible to describe the cardinality and visibility (public, protected, default or private) of the language elements. Finally, it must be possible to define inheritance relationships between classes. Include all required integrity constraints. 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 |   14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /ModelingExamples/MovieTheaters.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # Movie Theaters 2 | 3 | ## Context 4 | 5 | We want to model a system that represents chains of movie theaters in a given country, with the following restrictions. 6 | 7 | * Each chain owns several movie theaters in different cities of the country. 8 | * The laws of that country prevent more than two movie theaters of the same chain in the same city. 9 | * Each theater has a number of rooms where movies are shown. 10 | * Each film has a duration and a director, and the chains have to pay a fee to the producer of the film each time they show it. 11 | * Each room has a maximum number of seats to accommodate the audience. 12 | * Each room may screen a maximum of five movies on the same day, whether they are the same film or not. 13 | * At least 20 minutes must elapse between the end of one screening and the beginning of the next in the same room. 14 | * Another rule in the country prevents films by a single director from being shown in the same cinema on the same day. 15 | * Customers buy their tickets centrally at each cinema chain, indicating the movie they want to see, the cinema of the chain where they want to see it, the day, the room, the start time, and the number of tickets they want. 16 | * Ticket prices for each movie are set by the chain. The price of a movie is the same for all theaters of the same chain. 17 | * Customers cannot buy more tickets than are currently available in the desired room. 18 | * A customer who has purchased a series of tickets may also return them if he/she does so before the movie starts. 19 | * Each chain has a loyalty card, and offers discounts at its theaters for customers who have it. Discounts are decided by each chain, but cannot exceed 50% of the ticket value, nor be less than 20%. 20 | 21 | 22 | ## Questions 23 | 24 | 1. Develop a UML class diagram with the structure of such a system, with all the elements mentioned above, the relationships between them, and all required integrity constraints. Examples of such constraints include that screenings of movies in the same theater room cannot overlap (i.e., the end of one must be after the beginning of the next), in addition to those described above. 25 | 26 | 2. Model the behavior of the system, defining the necessary operations to buy and return tickets. Include the appropriate pre- and postconditions in the specified operations, as well as the body of the operations. 27 | 28 | 3. Specify a system with a chain (Yelmo) with two cinemas (Vialia and Rincon), each with two rooms, showing three different movies per day, during two days (D1 and D2). The movies can be: Joker, Batman, Superman, Aquaman and Dr.Strange. Each room has 20 seats. Model a system with 3 customers, one of whom has a loyalty card with the Yelmo chain and the others do not, and who buy and return several tickets at least 2 times. Assume that the duration of all movies is the same (120 minutes) and that the directors are, respectively, Todd Phillips, Christopher Nolan, Richard Donner, James Wan and Scott Derrickson. Show the sequence diagram of the invocations. Include at least one situation where you try to buy more tickets than the room allows and justify the way you propose to handle that situation. 29 | 30 |   31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 35 | 36 | 37 | 38 | 39 | 40 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /ModelingExamples/OnlineShopping.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # Online shopping 2 | 3 | ## Context 4 | 5 | The company nozamA sells different products to its customers. To purchase a product, the customer indicates the company how many units of the product he wants to buy. The company generates an order if there are enough units of that product in stock. The customer, after receiving the Order, passes it to his favorite transport company to send the items to his postal address. As a result of the shipment, a delivery note is generated, which is associated with the order, and which includes the total amount to be paid by the customer. After shipment, the corresponding items become the property of the customer. 6 | 7 | ## Questions 8 | 9 | 1. 1. Develop a UML class diagram with the structure of such a system, with all the elements mentioned above, the relationships between them, incorporating also the following integrity constraints: 10 | 11 | * All units should have a serial number, which must be unique. 12 | * All units of a product must have the same price, which coincides with the price established for the product. 13 | * When more than ten items are included in one order, a discount of 10 % of the total invoice amount is applied. 14 | * Every order must contain at least one item, and can only contain items of the same product. 15 | * Any user can own at most 30 items of the same product, regardless of how many orders he/she has used to purchase them. 16 | 17 | 2. Model the behavior of the system, adding the required operations to carry out the actions described above. Include the pre- and postconditions of all operations, and their bodies if the modeling tool supports an action language (e.g., SOIL). 18 | 19 | 3. Describe the behavior of the system in the following two scenarios, by means of their corresponding sequence diagrams: 20 | 21 | * A company has 4 units of a product X. A customer first buys 3 units of that product, and then buys one more. 22 | * A company has 4 units of a product X. A customer requests to buy 5 units of the product. 23 | 24 | For both scenarios you should include two object diagrams, with the state of the system before and after the operations are carried out. 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 35 | 36 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /ModelingExamples/ProcessesThreadsAndResources.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # Processes, threads and resources 2 | 3 | ## Context 4 | 5 | In a concurrent system there may be multiple processes running concurrently. We want to develop a UML of the system, according to the following requirements: 6 | 7 | * Each process is composed of one or more threads. Both processes and threads can access shared resources, which can be of two types: global, which are owned by the system and can be shared by any thread of any process, and local, which are owned by a particular process and can only be shared by threads of that process. 8 | 9 | * The system is limited by the number of processes, threads and resources it can manage: The maximum number of processes is the system is 128, and each process can have a maximum of 32 threads. However, the total number of threads in the system can never exceed 64, and the total number of resources (sum of local and global) cannot exceed 128. 10 | 11 | * If a thread of an active process wants to acquire a shared resource that is free, it acquires it directly. The acquisition implies that the shared resource becomes occupied and that its owner at that moment is the thread that has acquired it. However, if a thread tries to acquire a resource that is being used by another thread, the requesting thread is blocked waiting for its turn. Each resource maintains a queue of waiting threads, so that if a thread requests an occupied resource the thread is inserted into the queue. A thread can use several resources at the same time, but if it is blocked when trying to acquire one it cannot request others and therefore can only be blocked by one resource at most. 12 | 13 | * The thread that owns the shared resource can release it when it has finished using it. When a thread releases a resource, the first of the threads in the queue for that resource gets to use it. In case the queue is empty the resource will be unoccupied. 14 | 15 | * Processes can be in three different states: running, sleeping or available. In the system there is always only one process running and the rest are asleep or available. None of the threads of the running process or the available processes can be locked on a global resource. On the other hand, all sleeping processes must have some thread locked on some resource. 16 | 17 | ## Questions 18 | 19 | 1. Develop a UML class diagram with the elements described above and the relationships between them. 20 | 21 | 2. Specify in OCL all the restrictions and integrity constraints described above. 22 | 23 | 3. Include in the class model the necessary operations to specify the actions of "acquiring" and "releasing" a resource by a thread, as well as their pre- and postconditions. 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 35 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /ModelingExamples/TemplemanLibrary.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # The Templeman Library at the University of Kent 2 | 3 | ## Context 4 | 5 | The University of Kent Library has the following rules to regulate the processes of borrowing items from the library. 6 | 7 | * Only faculty members (i.e., professors) and undergraduate and graduate students may borrow items. 8 | * Items that can be borrowed are books and journals. 9 | * The Chief Librarian may temporarily suspend the loan of any item, or cancel them when they are no longer in loanable condition. 10 | * Loans must be requested from one of the librarians. 11 | * There are limits on the number of items each type of user may have on loan at any given time, and on the duration each item may be borrowed. The Chief Librarian is responsible for setting these limits. By default, these are as follows: 12 | * Undergraduate students may have up to 3 books on loan at any one time. They may not borrow journals. Books may be borrowed for up to 7 days. 13 | * Graduate students may borrow up to 8 items (books or journals) simultaneously. They may have the journals for 3 days and the books for two weeks. 14 | * Professors may borrow up to 16 items (books or journals) simultaneously. They may have the journals for 2 weeks and the books for 8 weeks. 15 | * Borrowed items must be returned before their deadlines. Users who fail to return an item on time will be charged a daily fine according to the established rates. 16 | * Borrowers must return items to librarians on duty, along with the corresponding fine in case of late return of the loan. 17 | * Any librarian on duty can withdraw borrowing rights from any user if the user does not pay the fine in full at the time of returning the loan. 18 | 19 | ## Questions 20 | 21 | Please develop in UML the following diagrams 22 | 23 | 1. A class diagram of the library with the elements described above and the relationships between them. Include all OCL constraints that represent the integrity constraints of the system. 24 | 25 | 2. A state diagram of class "Item", which represents a library item. 26 | 27 | 3. A sequence diagram representing the processes of requesting and returning the loan of a book by a library user, when the book is delivered on time. 28 | 29 | 4. A sequence diagram representing the processes of requesting and returning the loan of a journal by a professor, when the journal is delivered after the due date. 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 35 | 36 |   37 | 38 | 39 | 40 | 41 | 42 | 43 | 44 | 45 | 46 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /ModelingExamples/TheaterPlays.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # Theater plays 2 | 3 | ## Context 4 | 5 | We want to model a system with theaters that represent plays. 6 | 7 | * In a city there is a group of theaters, which throughout the season represent different plays. 8 | * Each play has a title, an author and a cast, which is nothing more than the set of characters that appear in it. 9 | * Each play is performed several times during a season, on specific days and in afternoon and evening sessions. 10 | * Actors are people who play the characters of a play in a specific performance. 11 | * In the same performance, a character can only be played by one actor, although the same actor can play several characters. 12 | * An actor can act in different performances on the same day (of the same or different plays), as long as they do not coincide in the same session (afternoon or evening). 13 | 14 | ## Questions 15 | 16 | 1. Develop an UML class diagram with the structure of such a system, including the appropriate constraints that ensure the consistency of the data handled by the system. 17 | 18 | 2. Specify in OCL the following query operations in the class representing a theater: 19 | 20 | * Operation "plays()" returns the set of plays that have been performed in the theater in any season. 21 | * Operation "obrasTemp()" returns the set of plays that have been performed in the theater in a specific season (to be passed as parameter). 22 | 23 | 3. Specify in OCL the following two additional invariants: 24 | 25 | * An actor may perform in several theaters each season, though only in a single play in each theater. 26 | * Several theaters can perform the same play in a season, but they cannot perform it on the same days. 27 | 28 | 4. Suppose further that each theater makes a profit on each performance of a play, which comes from the fees it charges to attendees. Those attending a performance pay a fee that is calculated by multiplying by 10 Euros the number of characters appearing in the cast of the play. Those attendees who are members of the theater pay half the fee, but pay the theater 1,000 Euros per season. Please extend the system model to include this new information and specify in OCL an operation that calculates the revenue of a theater in a given season. 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 35 | 36 | 37 | 38 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /ModelingExamples/TwitterMetamodel.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # Twitter Metamodel 2 | 3 | ## Context 4 | 5 | We want to develop a metamodel for a basic subset of Twitter. 6 | 7 | ## Questions 8 | 9 | 1. Develop a metamodel (i.e., a UML model with its abstract syntax) for Twitter, with its main concepts. It should include at least the concepts of Tweet, User, DirectMessage, List, and Hashtag, as well as the relationships between them, e.g., Followers of a user, Mentions of a tweer, etc. Specify the appropriate integrity constraints (invariants) so that the models that can be built with that metamodel are correct. 10 | 11 | 2. Add methods to the Twitter metamodel developed above to perform the following operations: post a tweet; follow and unfollow a user; and retweet, like or reply to a tweet. Also include operations (queries) to be able to know the tweets of a user, their followers and the lists a user is in. Specify their behavior using pre- and post-conditions in OCL. 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 |   16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /ModelingExamples/UndergroundSystem.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # Underground system 2 | 3 | ## Context 4 | 5 | We want to model an underground system, composed of several elements: stations, lines, tracks, track sections, and trains. 6 | 7 | * An underground network is composed of lines, which are sequences of stations connected by tracks. In a line, each track is connected to the next and previous tracks of the sequence, except for the first and last, which are connected to the origin and destination stations of the line (which may be the same), respectively. 8 | * Stations represent points in the network where trains regularly stop so that passengers can get on or off. 9 | * Several trains can be in the same station at the same time. 10 | * Each track connects two consecutive stations and has two sections, one for each directions of travel. 11 | * A station may belong to more than one line, and therefore be connected to more than two tracks. 12 | * Trains are the objects that move through the network. At any given time, each train must be located either at a station or on a section of a track. 13 | * For safety, at any given time, there must be at most one train on each section of track. 14 | * Each train services one line only, and therefore can only move through the tracks of that line. 15 | * A train can be moving, if it is on a section of track, or stopped at a station. 16 | * Trains go from the initial station of the line to the final station, in one direction, and then return, in the opposite direction, unless the line is circular, i.e., the initial and final stations are the same. In this case, trains always follow the same direction. 17 | * All lines have trains moving in both directions. 18 | * All the main elements of a railway system have a unique name (a string of characters). 19 | 20 | ## Questions 21 | 22 | You are asked to develop in UML, using the USE tool: 23 | 24 | (a) A class diagram with the elements described above and the relationships between them. 25 | b) Specify all the constraints and conditions expressed in the text on the elements of the model. 26 | c) 27 | 28 | 1. Develop a UML class diagram with the structure of such a system, with all the elements mentioned above, the relationships between them, and all required integrity constraints. 29 | 30 | 2. Specify in OCL the following query operations: 31 | 32 | * Line::numTrains(): Integer, which returns the number of trains currently operating a line. 33 | * Train::position(): String, which returns the name of the track section where a moving train is located. If the train is stopped at a station, it returns the name of the station. 34 | * Line:numTracks():Integer, which returns the number of tracks that make up the line. 35 | 36 | 3. Model the behavior of the system by specifying the operations required to represent trains moving through the network, including their pre- and post-conditions. Train movements should respect the integrity constraints of the system, in particular the fact that at most one train can be in a track section in a given moment in time (otherwise it has to wait in the station), or how they traverse the line they belong. 37 | 38 | 4. Create an object model with at least 2 lines, each with 5 stations. At least two stations should belong to the two lines. Consider 5 trains moving through the network, and simulate the system asuming that every train should remain in a station for at least 1 time step, and traversing a track section takes two time steps (one to the middle, one to the next station). 39 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /ModelingExamples/UniversityDegrees.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # University Degrees 2 | 3 | ## Context 4 | 5 | We want to model the educational system of universities offering different undergraduate and graduate degrees (masters), according to the following specifications. 6 | 7 | * Each degree is composed of a set of subjects, each with several ECTS credits, which are taught every academic year. 8 | * The same subject can only be taught once each academic year. 9 | * Each subject only belongs to one University, although it can be part of several of its degrees (both bachelor's and master's). 10 | * Each subject is taught by a single lecturer, which may vary from year to year. 11 | * Each lecturer may not teach more than 4 subjects each year (regardless of their number of credits). 12 | * Each year the lecturers evaluate the students enrolled in the subjects they teach, assigning them a grade between 0 and 10 (we assume that there are no "no-shows", but that all enrolled students obtain a grade between 0 and 10). A grade of 5 or higher is considered a passing grade. 13 | * The same student can only register up to 3 times for the same subject, in different years. 14 | * A student may only pass a subject once and cannot register for subjects already passed. 15 | * For the sake of simplicity, we will assume that each subject has only one exam per academic year. 16 | * All subjects must be evaluated before the end of the academic year they are taught. 17 | * Teachers cannot enroll in the subjects they teach in that course, although they can enroll in other subjects. 18 | * To obtain a diploma at a university, a student needs to pass at least 240 credits of the subjects in case of undergraduate degrees or 60 for graduate degrees. 19 | * The diploma includes the name of the university and the name of the degree, as well as the year in which the student passed the last subject that completed the necessary credits. 20 | * A person can obtain as many diplomas as degrees a university offers if he or she completes the corresponding courses. 21 | * Finally, to be able to enroll in a subject that is taught only at the postgraduate level, the student must hold an undergraduate diploma (from that university or from another one). 22 | 23 | ## Questions 24 | 25 | 1. Develop a UML class diagram with the structure of such a system, with all the elements mentioned above, the relationships between them, and all required integrity constraints. 26 | 2. Model the behavior of the system, defining the necessary operations to model the following actions, including their pre- and post-conditions: 27 | * A student enrolls one year in one subject of a degree. 28 | * A lecturer grades a student enrolled in one of the subjects he teaches. 29 | * A student applies for a diploma. 30 |   31 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /ModelingExamples/VideoStores.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # Video Stores 2 | 3 | ## Context 4 | 5 | We want to model a system composed of video stores, which are companies that have shops dedicated to renting movies. 6 | 7 | * Each video store has a name and a set of associated shops, each with a different address. 8 | * Customers of a video store can rent movies at any of its shops. 9 | * Each shop has a set of copies of each movie for rent, and a clerk who attends the store. 10 | * Customers ask the clerks for the movie they wish to rent and, if a copy of the movie is available at that shop, they are granted a 3 or 5 day loan depending on whether the customer is a regular or VIP customer. 11 | * The loans must be returned to the same shop where they were rented. 12 | * Regular customers can have a maximum of three active loans from the same video store, regardless of the shop they where rented from. VIP customers have no such limit. 13 | * No clerk may be a customer of the shop where he/she works. 14 | * If a customer returns a copy of a movie late, he/she is blacklisted in that video store and cannot rent any more movies in any of its shops. 15 | 16 | 17 | ## Questions 18 | 19 | 1. Develop a UML class diagram with the structure of such a system, with all the elements mentioned above, the relationships between them, and all required integrity constraints. 20 | 21 | 2. Specify in OCL the following query operations on the class that models the video stores: 22 | 23 | * copies() returns the number of copies that all its shops have. 24 | * bestStore() returns the shop that has the most loans (if there are several in the same circumstance, it returns any of them). 25 | * prestamoMasRetardado() returns the loan of the company's shops that has been overdue for the longest time. If none of them are overdue, it returns null. If there are several in the same circumstance, it returns any of them. 26 | 27 | 3. Model the behavior of the system by specifying the operations required to represent the loan of a movie and its return, including their pre- and post-conditions. 28 | 29 | 4. Create an object model with at least 2 customers and two video stores, each with two shops, and specify a behavior where one customer borrows a movie that is available, another customer borrows the same movie of which there is also a copy available, the second customer returns it on time, and then the first customer returns its copy late. 30 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # chatgpt-uml 2 | 3 | Large Language Models (LLMs), such as Copilot or ChatGPT, are expected to revolutionize the way in which software is developed nowadays. Many efforts are currently devoted to analyzing the potential advantages and limitations of these generative AI models for writing code. Most studies seem to agree that LLMs do an excellent job in code development: despite some minor syntactical errors, what they produce is essentially correct. However, the analysis of the current state of LLMs with respect to software modeling has received less attention. 4 | 5 | We have recently started working on investigating the current capabilities and limitations of ChatGPT for performing modeling tasks and assisting software modelers, in particular in generating UML class diagrams. 6 | 7 | This repository contains all artifacts (such as intent models, prompts, resulting models and logbooks) used for conducting our experiments, as well as their results. It is aimed as serving as companion webpage for a paper in preparation: 8 | 9 | > "On the Assessment of Generative AI in Modeling Tasks: An Experience Report with ChatGPT and UML" by [Javier Cámara](mailto:jcamara@uma.es), [Javier Troya](mailto:jtroya@uma.es), [Lola Burgueño](mailto:lolaburgueno@uma.es) and [Antonio Vallecillo](mailto:antoniovallecillomoreno@gmail,com). 10 | 11 | ## Structure 12 | 13 | The contents of this repository as organized as follows: 14 | 15 | * [Intent models](https://github.com/atenearesearchgroup/chatgpt-uml/blob/main/IntentModels.md), small models used as targets to check whether ChatGPT can generate them or not, and how. 16 | * [Logbooks](https://github.com/atenearesearchgroup/chatgpt-uml/blob/main/LogBooks.zip), recording the conversations we had with ChatGPT in order to generate the intent models. It is a zipped file so that ChatGPT cannot inspect the models. 17 | * [Modeling examples](https://github.com/atenearesearchgroup/chatgpt-uml/tree/main/ModelingExamples), to challenge ChatGPT and its future versions. 18 | * [Images](https://github.com/atenearesearchgroup/chatgpt-uml/tree/main/images) of all models. 19 | 20 | --- 21 | 22 | **Disclaimer**: This repository is currently under development. 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