├── .gitignore
├── MyPaxos_py
    ├── .idea
    │   ├── MyPaxos_py.iml
    │   ├── misc.xml
    │   ├── modules.xml
    │   └── workspace.xml
    ├── AdversarialMessagePump.py
    ├── InstanceRecord.py
    ├── Message.py
    ├── MessagePump.py
    ├── PaxoAcceptor.py
    ├── PaxoAcceptorProtocol.py
    ├── PaxoProposer.py
    ├── PaxoProposerProtocol.py
    ├── paox_testMain.py
    └── test.py
└── README.md


/.gitignore:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  1 | # Byte-compiled / optimized / DLL files
  2 | __pycache__/
  3 | *.py[cod]
  4 | *$py.class
  5 | 
  6 | # C extensions
  7 | *.so
  8 | 
  9 | # Distribution / packaging
 10 | .Python
 11 | env/
 12 | build/
 13 | develop-eggs/
 14 | dist/
 15 | downloads/
 16 | eggs/
 17 | .eggs/
 18 | lib/
 19 | lib64/
 20 | parts/
 21 | sdist/
 22 | var/
 23 | wheels/
 24 | *.egg-info/
 25 | .installed.cfg
 26 | *.egg
 27 | 
 28 | # PyInstaller
 29 | #  Usually these files are written by a python script from a template
 30 | #  before PyInstaller builds the exe, so as to inject date/other infos into it.
 31 | *.manifest
 32 | *.spec
 33 | 
 34 | # Installer logs
 35 | pip-log.txt
 36 | pip-delete-this-directory.txt
 37 | 
 38 | # Unit test / coverage reports
 39 | htmlcov/
 40 | .tox/
 41 | .coverage
 42 | .coverage.*
 43 | .cache
 44 | nosetests.xml
 45 | coverage.xml
 46 | *.cover
 47 | .hypothesis/
 48 | 
 49 | # Translations
 50 | *.mo
 51 | *.pot
 52 | 
 53 | # Django stuff:
 54 | *.log
 55 | local_settings.py
 56 | 
 57 | # Flask stuff:
 58 | instance/
 59 | .webassets-cache
 60 | 
 61 | # Scrapy stuff:
 62 | .scrapy
 63 | 
 64 | # Sphinx documentation
 65 | docs/_build/
 66 | 
 67 | # PyBuilder
 68 | target/
 69 | 
 70 | # Jupyter Notebook
 71 | .ipynb_checkpoints
 72 | 
 73 | # pyenv
 74 | .python-version
 75 | 
 76 | # celery beat schedule file
 77 | celerybeat-schedule
 78 | 
 79 | # SageMath parsed files
 80 | *.sage.py
 81 | 
 82 | # dotenv
 83 | .env
 84 | 
 85 | # virtualenv
 86 | .venv
 87 | venv/
 88 | ENV/
 89 | 
 90 | # Spyder project settings
 91 | .spyderproject
 92 | .spyproject
 93 | 
 94 | # Rope project settings
 95 | .ropeproject
 96 | 
 97 | # mkdocs documentation
 98 | /site
 99 | 
100 | # mypy
101 | .mypy_cache/
102 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/MyPaxos_py/.idea/MyPaxos_py.iml:
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/MyPaxos_py/.idea/misc.xml:
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1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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/MyPaxos_py/.idea/modules.xml:
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950 |       </provider>
951 |     </entry>
952 |   </component>
953 | </project>


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/MyPaxos_py/AdversarialMessagePump.py:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | """
 2 |     @author: chaors
 3 | 
 4 |     @file: AdversarialMessagePump.py
 5 | 
 6 |     @time: 2018/04/14 10:21
 7 | 
 8 |     @desc:#对抗消息传输，延迟并任意顺序传输，模拟网络延迟
 9 | """
10 | 
11 | import random  #随机数
12 | 
13 | from MessagePump import MessagePump  #导入MessagePump类
14 | 
15 | class AdversarialMessagePump(MessagePump):
16 |     def __init__(self, owner, port, timeout=3):
17 |         MessagePump.__init__(owner, port, timeout)  #初始化父类
18 |         self.msg = set()  #避免消息重复
19 | 
20 |     #等待消息
21 |     def waitForMsg(self):
22 |         try:
23 |             msg = self.queue.get(True, 0.1)  # 从队列中取消息，最多等0.1s
24 |             self.msg.add(msg)
25 |         except Exception as e:
26 |             print(e)
27 | 
28 |         #随机处理消息,为的是模拟网络延时
29 |         if len(self.msg) > 0 and random.random() < 0.95:
30 |             msg = random.choice(list(self.msg))  #随机取出一个消息
31 |             self.msg.remove(msg)  #删除取出的消息
32 | 
33 |         else:
34 |            msg = None
35 | 
36 |         return msg


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/MyPaxos_py/InstanceRecord.py:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | """
 2 |     @author: chaors
 3 | 
 4 |     @file: InstanceRecord.py
 5 | 
 6 |     @time: 2018/04/14 10:31
 7 | 
 8 |     @desc: 本地记录类,记录决策者，提议者之间协议
 9 | """
10 | 
11 | import threading, socket, pickle, queue,random
12 | #  InstanceRecord本地记录类，决策者，提议者之间协议
13 | from PaxoProposerProtocol import PaxoProposerProtocol
14 | 
15 | class InstanceRecord():
16 |     def __init__(self):
17 |         self.protocols = {}  #协议字典
18 |         self.highestID = (-1, -1)  #最高版本(提议版本，端口号)
19 |         self.value = None  #提议值
20 | 
21 |     #增加协议
22 |     def addProtocol(self, protocol):
23 |         self.protocols[protocol.proposalID] = protocol
24 |         #取得版本最高的协议  假设端口较大的Proposer为领导，优先承诺 端口相同时取版本号较大的
25 |         if protocol.proposalID[1] > self.highestID[1] or \
26 |                 (protocol.proposalID[1] == self.highestID[1] \
27 |                  and protocol.proposalID[0] > self.highestID[0]):
28 |             self.highestID = protocol.proposalID
29 | 
30 |     #抓取协议
31 |     def getProtocol(self, protocolID):
32 | 
33 |         return self.protocols[protocolID]
34 | 
35 |     #清理协议
36 |     def cleanProtocols(self):
37 |         keys = self.protocols.keys()  #取得所有可以
38 |         #遍历删除协议
39 |         for key in keys:
40 |             protocol = self.protocols[key]
41 |             if protocol.state == PaxoProposerProtocol.STATE_ACCEPTED:
42 |                 print("Deleting protocol")
43 |                 del self.protocols[key] #删除协议
44 | 
45 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/MyPaxos_py/Message.py:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | """
 2 |     @author: chaors
 3 | 
 4 |     @file: Message.py
 5 | 
 6 |     @time: 2018/04/14 09:31
 7 | 
 8 |     @desc: 消息传递类
 9 | """
10 | 
11 | class Message:
12 |     #常量
13 |     MSG_ACCEPTOR_AGREE = 0  #Acceptor对提议请求的承诺
14 |     MSG_ACCEPTOR_ACCEPT = 1  #Acceptor对Accept请求的接受
15 |     MSG_ACCEPTOR_REJECT = 2  #Acceptor对提议请求的拒绝
16 |     MSG_ACCEPTOR_UNACCEPT = 3  #Acceptor对Accept请求的不接受
17 |     MSG_ACCEPT = 4  #Proposer发出的Accept请求 或
18 |     MSG_PROPOSE = 5  #Proposer发出的提议请求
19 |     MSG_EXT_PROPOSE = 6  #外部(Client)发给Proposer的提议
20 |     MSG_HEARTBEAT = 7  #定时的心跳信息，用来同步提议
21 | 
22 |     def __init__(self, cmd=None):  #消息初始化有个命令
23 |         self.cmd = cmd
24 | 
25 |     #对某个消息的回复消息
26 |     def copyAsReply(self, msg):
27 |         self.proposalID = msg.proposalID  #提议id
28 |         self.instanceID = msg.instanceID  #当前id
29 |         self.to = msg.source  #提议发给谁
30 |         self.source = msg.to  #提议源自谁
31 |         self.value = msg.value  #提议信息
32 | 
33 | 
34 | 
35 | 
36 | 
37 | 
38 | 
39 | 
40 | 
41 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/MyPaxos_py/MessagePump.py:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | """
 2 |     @author: chaors
 3 | 
 4 |     @file: MessagePump.py
 5 | 
 6 |     @time: 2018/04/14 09:46
 7 | 
 8 |     @desc: 基于Socket传递消息，封装网络类传递消息
 9 | """
10 | 
11 | import threading  #线程
12 | import pickle  #对象序列化
13 | import socket  #网络信息传输
14 | import queue  #队列
15 | 
16 | class MessagePump(threading.Thread):
17 |     # 传递消息的辅助类
18 |     class MPHelper(threading.Thread):
19 |         def __init__(self, owner):
20 |             self.owner = owner  #传递消息的对象的所有者
21 | 
22 |             threading.Thread.__init__(self)  # 父类初始化
23 | 
24 |         def run(self):  #运行
25 |             while not self.owner.abort:  #只要所有者线程未结束
26 |                 try:
27 |                     #返回二进制数据，地址
28 |                     (bytes, addr) = self.owner.socket.recvfrom(2048)  #收取消息
29 |                     msg = pickle.loads(bytes)  #读取二进制转化为消息
30 |                     msg.source = addr[1]  #取出返回的地址
31 |                     self.owner.queue.put(msg)  #消息存入队列
32 | 
33 |                 except Exception as e:  #异常
34 |                     print(e)
35 | 
36 |     def __init__(self, owner, port, timeout=2):
37 |         #基本参数初始化
38 |         self.owner = owner  #所有者
39 |         self.timeout = 2  #超时时间
40 |         self.port = port  #网络接口
41 | 
42 |         #网络通信初始化
43 |         self.socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)  #UDP通信
44 |         self.socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_RCVBUF, 200000)  #通信参数
45 |         self.socket.bind(("localhost", port))  #socket绑定
46 |         self.socket.settimeout(timeout)  #设置超时
47 | 
48 |         self.queue = queue.Queue()  #队列
49 |         self.helper = MessagePump.MPHelper(self)  #接收消息的工具类
50 | 
51 |         threading.Thread.__init__(self)  #父类初始化
52 |         self.abort = False  #默认不终止状态
53 | 
54 |     #运行主线程
55 |     def run(self):
56 |         self.helper.start()  #开启收消息的线程
57 |         while not self.abort:  #只要不是终止状态
58 |             msg = self.waitForMsg()  #阻塞等待消息
59 |             self.owner.recvMsg(msg)  #收取消息
60 | 
61 |     #等待消息
62 |     def waitForMsg(self):
63 |         try:
64 |             msg = self.queue.get(True, 3)  #从队列中取消息，最多等3s
65 | 
66 |             return msg
67 |         except Exception as e:
68 |             print(e)
69 | 
70 |             return None
71 | 
72 |     #发送消息
73 |     def sendMsg(self, msg):
74 |         bytes = pickle.dumps(msg)  #把消息转成二进制
75 |         addr = ("localhost", msg.to)
76 |         self.socket.sendto(bytes, addr)  #发送消息到地址
77 | 
78 |         return True
79 | 
80 |     #设置状态为放弃
81 |     def doAbort(self):
82 |         self.abort = True


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/MyPaxos_py/PaxoAcceptor.py:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | """
 2 |     @author: chaors
 3 | 
 4 |     @file: PaxoAcceptor.py
 5 | 
 6 |     @time: 2018/04/14 10:50
 7 | 
 8 |     @desc: 决策者
 9 | """
10 | 
11 | from Message import Message
12 | from MessagePump import MessagePump
13 | from InstanceRecord import InstanceRecord
14 | from PaxoAcceptorProtocol import  PaxoAcceptorProtocol
15 | 
16 | class PaxoAcceptor:
17 |     def __init__(self, port, proposers):
18 |         self.port = port  #端口
19 |         self.proposers = proposers  #提议者
20 |         self.instances = {}  # 接口列表
21 |         self.msgPump = MessagePump(self, self.port)  #消息传送器
22 |         self.failed = False  #没有失败
23 | 
24 |     #开始
25 |     def start(self):
26 |         self.msgPump.start()
27 | 
28 |     #停止
29 |     def stop(self):
30 |         self.msgPump.doAbort()
31 | 
32 |     #失败
33 |     def fail(self):
34 |         self.failed = True
35 | 
36 |     #恢复
37 |     def recover(self):
38 |         self.failed = False
39 | 
40 |     #发送消息
41 |     def sendMsg(self, msg):
42 |         self.msgPump.sendMsg(msg)
43 | 
44 |     #接收消息
45 |     def recvMsg(self, msg):
46 |         if msg == None:  #消息为空
47 |             return
48 | 
49 |         if self.failed:  #失败状态不接收消息
50 |             return
51 | 
52 |         if msg.cmd == Message.MSG_PROPOSE:  #消息为提议
53 |             if msg.instanceID not in self.instances:  #消息未加入
54 |                 record = InstanceRecord()  #记录器
55 |                 # record.value = msg.value
56 |                 self.instances[msg.instanceID] = record  #将消息记录下来
57 | 
58 |             protocol = PaxoAcceptorProtocol(self)  #创建决策者协议
59 | 
60 |             #[start---1.2]Acceptor收到一个消息，消息类型为提议。然后借助AcceptorProtocol实例处理提议
61 |             protocol.recvProposal(msg)  #借助决策者处理协议
62 |             self.instances[msg.instanceID].addProtocol(protocol)  #记录协议
63 | 
64 |         else:
65 |             #[start---2.1]Acceptor收到一个消息，类型为来自Proposer的Accept请求。借助AcceptorPropotal处理该消息
66 |             self.instances[msg.instanceID].getProtocol(msg.proposalID).doTranition(msg)  #抓取协议记录
67 | 
68 | 
69 |     #通知客户端
70 |     def notifyClient(self, protocol, msg):
71 |         if protocol.state == PaxoAcceptorProtocol.STATE_PROPOSAL_ACCEPTED:  #接受协议
72 |             self.instances[protocol.instanceID].value = msg.value  #存储信息
73 |             print("协议被客户端接受", msg.value)
74 | 
75 | 
76 |     #获取本地记录数据
77 |     def getInstanceValue(self, instanceID):
78 |         return self.instances[instanceID].value
79 | 
80 |     #获取最高同意建议
81 |     def getHighestProposal(self, instanceID):
82 |         return self.instances[instanceID].highestID


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/MyPaxos_py/PaxoAcceptorProtocol.py:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | """
 2 |     @author: chaors
 3 | 
 4 |     @file: PaxoAcceptorProtocol.py
 5 | 
 6 |     @time: 2018/04/14 10:50
 7 | 
 8 |     @desc: 决策者协议
 9 | """
10 | 
11 | from Message import Message  #协议依赖消息
12 | 
13 | class PaxoAcceptorProtocol:
14 |     #常量
15 |     STATE_UNDEFIND = -1  #协议未定义
16 |     STATE_PROPOSAL_RECEIVED = 0  #收到消息
17 |     STATE_PROPOSAL_REJECTED = 1  #拒绝链接，网络不通可能
18 |     STATE_PROPOSAL_AGREED = 2  #承诺将接受该提议  针对Proposer的PROPOSED请求
19 |     STATE_PROPOSAL_ACCEPTED = 3  #接受该协议  针对Proposer的Accept请求
20 |     STATE_PROPOSAL_UNACCEPTED = 4  #拒绝请求
21 | 
22 |     def __init__(self, client):
23 |         self.client = client
24 |         self.state = PaxoAcceptorProtocol.STATE_UNDEFIND  #默认初始未定义
25 | 
26 |     #收到提议
27 |     def recvProposal(self, msg):
28 |         if msg.cmd == Message.MSG_PROPOSE:  #处理提议
29 |             self.proposalID = msg.proposalID  #协议编号
30 |             self.instanceID = msg.instanceID  #记录编号
31 |             (port, count) = self.client.getHighestProposal(msg.instanceID)  #获取端口，协议最高编号
32 | 
33 |             #[start---1.3] AcceptorProtocol收到一个提议，判断提议版本回复承诺接受消息或拒绝消息
34 |             #判断协议是否是最高版本，版本相同时优先接收端口号高的提议消息
35 |             if count < self.proposalID[0] \
36 |                     or (count == self.proposalID[0] and port < self.proposalID[1]):
37 |                 self.state = PaxoAcceptorProtocol.STATE_PROPOSAL_AGREED  #Acceptor当前已经承诺给某Proposer会接受请求
38 |                 print("承诺会接受该提议:%s, %s " % (msg.instanceID, msg.value))
39 |                 value = self.client.getInstanceValue(msg.instanceID)  #抓取记录的数据值
40 | 
41 |                 msg_agree = Message(Message.MSG_ACCEPTOR_AGREE)  #创建一个消息作为对Proposer的承诺
42 |                 msg_agree.copyAsReply(msg)  #拷贝并回复
43 |                 msg_agree.value = value  #保存值
44 |                 msg_agree.sequence = (port, count)  #保存端口数据
45 |                 self.client.sendMsg(msg_agree)  #给Proposer回复承诺消息
46 | 
47 |             else:
48 |                 #提议版本过低，我已经承诺给别的Proposer  所以拒绝
49 |                 self.state = PaxoAcceptorProtocol.STATE_PROPOSAL_REJECTED
50 | 
51 |             return self.proposalID
52 | 
53 |         else:
54 |             pass
55 | 
56 | 
57 |     #过渡
58 |     def doTranition(self, msg):
59 |         # [start---2.2_1] AcceptorPropotal收到Proposer发出的Accept请求。按Paxos算法思想，这里需要判断请求版本号，当且仅当Acceptor之前承诺过的提议版本号最大值小于Accept请求版本号才会接受该Proposer提议。这里我们借助“先入为主”的思想简化问题，只要这时候协议状态为STATE_PROPOSAL_AGREED，就给所有Proposer广播消息表示自己确认接受该Proposer提议
60 |         if self.state == PaxoAcceptorProtocol.STATE_PROPOSAL_AGREED \
61 |                 and msg.cmd == Message.MSG_ACCEPT:  #同意链接 并消息被接受
62 |             self.state = PaxoAcceptorProtocol.STATE_PROPOSAL_ACCEPTED  #接受协议
63 |             msg_accept = Message(Message.MSG_ACCEPTOR_ACCEPT)  #创造消息，用来表示该Acceptor最终接受了某个Proposer的提议
64 |             msg_accept.copyAsReply(msg)
65 | 
66 |             #广播消息给所有提议者，告知自己最终接受了拿个Proposer的提议
67 |             for proposer in self.client.proposers:
68 |                 msg_accept.to = proposer
69 |                 self.client.sendMsg(msg_accept)
70 | 
71 |             #[start - --2.2_1]AcceptorPropotal通知Acceptor更新InstanceRecord的值，到此时已有一个提议被一个Acceptor最终接受。
72 |             self.notifyClient(msg)
73 | 
74 |             return True
75 | 
76 |         raise Exception(u"并非预期状态与命令")
77 | 
78 |     #通知客户端
79 |     def notifyClient(self, msg):
80 |         self.client.notifyClient(self, msg)
81 | 
82 | 
83 | 
84 | 
85 | 
86 | 
87 | 
88 | 
89 | 
90 | 
91 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/MyPaxos_py/PaxoProposer.py:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  1 | """
  2 |     @author: chaors
  3 | 
  4 |     @file: PaxoProposer.py
  5 | 
  6 |     @time: 2018/04/14 10:50
  7 | 
  8 |     @desc: 提议者
  9 | """
 10 | 
 11 | import threading
 12 | import queue
 13 | import time
 14 | 
 15 | from Message import Message
 16 | from MessagePump import MessagePump
 17 | from InstanceRecord import InstanceRecord
 18 | from PaxoProposerProtocol import  PaxoProposerProtocol
 19 | 
 20 | class PaxoProposer:
 21 | 
 22 |     #心跳监听类
 23 |     class HeartbeatListener(threading.Thread):
 24 |         def __init__(self, proposer):
 25 |             self.proposer = proposer  #提议者
 26 |             self.queue = queue.Queue()  #消息队列
 27 |             self.abort = False
 28 | 
 29 |             threading.Thread.__init__(self)  #父类初始化
 30 | 
 31 |         #从队列取出消息
 32 |         def newHB(self, msg):
 33 |             self.queue.put(msg)
 34 | 
 35 |         #开始执行，读取消息
 36 |         def run(self):
 37 |             # elapsed = 0  #时间计数器
 38 |             while not self.abort:  #非取消状态
 39 |                 # stime = time.time()
 40 |                 try:
 41 |                     hb = self.queue.get(True, 2)  #抓取消息， 最多抓取2s
 42 |                     #假设谁的端口号比较高谁是领导
 43 |                     if hb.source > self.proposer.port:
 44 |                         self.proposer.setPrimary(False)
 45 |                 except:
 46 |                     self.proposer.setPrimary(True)
 47 | 
 48 |         #取消
 49 |         def doAbort(self):
 50 |             self.abort = True
 51 | 
 52 |     #定时发送类
 53 |     class HeartbeatSender(threading.Thread):
 54 |         def __init__(self, proposer):
 55 |             self.proposer = proposer
 56 |             self.abort = False
 57 | 
 58 |             threading.Thread.__init__(self)
 59 | 
 60 |         #
 61 |         def run(self):
 62 |             while not self.abort:
 63 |                 time.sleep(1)  #每1s一次
 64 |                 if self.proposer.isPrimary:  #提议者为领导
 65 |                     msg = Message(Message.MSG_HEARTBEAT)  #心跳信息
 66 |                     msg.source = self.proposer.port  #设置消息源端口
 67 |                     for proposer in self.proposer.proposers:  #遍历提议者
 68 |                         msg.to = proposer
 69 |                         self.proposer.sendMsg(msg)  #发送消息
 70 | 
 71 |         #
 72 |         def doAbort(self):
 73 |             self.abort = True
 74 | 
 75 |     #初始化
 76 |     def __init__(self, port, proposers=None, acceptors=None):
 77 |         self.port = port
 78 | 
 79 |         #初始化提议者
 80 |         if proposers == None:
 81 |             self.proposers = []
 82 |         else:
 83 |             self.proposers = proposers
 84 | 
 85 |         if acceptors == None:
 86 |             self.acceptors = []
 87 |         else:
 88 |             self.acceptors = acceptors
 89 | 
 90 |         self.group = self.proposers+self.acceptors  #组
 91 |         self.isPrimary = False  #是否是领导,被大多说决策者选出来的提议者是领导
 92 |         self.proposalCount = 0  #提议数量
 93 |         self.msgPump = MessagePump(self, port)  #消息传送器
 94 |         self.instances = {}  #记录数据
 95 |         self.hbListener = PaxoProposer.HeartbeatListener(self)  #监听工具实例
 96 |         self.hbSender = PaxoProposer.HeartbeatSender(self)  #发送工具实例
 97 |         self.highestInstance = -1  #最高协议版本
 98 |         self.stopped = True  #是否在运行
 99 |         self.lastTime = time.time()  #最后一次时间
100 | 
101 |     #开始
102 |     def start(self):
103 |         self.hbSender.start()  # 发送器
104 |         self.hbListener.start()  #监听器
105 |         self.msgPump.start()  #消息发送
106 |         self.stopped = False
107 | 
108 |     #停止
109 |     def stop(self):
110 |         self.hbSender.doAbort()  # 发送器
111 |         self.hbListener.doAbort()  # 监听器
112 |         self.msgPump.doAbort()  # 消息发送
113 |         self.stopped = True
114 | 
115 |     #设置是否为领导者
116 |     def setPrimary(self, isPrimary):
117 |         if self.isPrimary != isPrimary:
118 |             if isPrimary:
119 |                 print(u"%s is leader" % self.port)
120 |             else:
121 |                 print(u"%s is not leader" % self.port)
122 | 
123 |         self.isPrimary = isPrimary
124 | 
125 |     #获取支持所有提议者的决策者
126 |     def getGroup(self):
127 |         return self.group
128 | 
129 |     #获取所有提议者
130 |     def getProposers(self):
131 |         return self.proposers
132 | 
133 |     #获取所有决策者
134 |     def getAcceptors(self):
135 |         return self.acceptors
136 | 
137 |     #提议被承诺接受或最终接受的条件必须满足:获得1/2以上的Acceptor支持
138 |     def getQuorumCount(self):
139 |         return len(self.getAcceptors())/2
140 | 
141 |     #获取本地记录数据
142 |     def getInstanceValue(self, instanceID):
143 |         if instanceID in self.instances.keys():
144 |             return self.instances[instanceID].value
145 | 
146 |         return None
147 | 
148 |     #获取历史记录
149 |     def getHistory(self):
150 |         return [self.getInstanceValue(i) for i in range(0, self.highestInstance+1)]
151 |         # mylist = []
152 |         # for i in range(0, self.highestInstance + 1):
153 |         #     last = self.getInstanceValue(i)
154 |         #     mylist.append(last)
155 |         #
156 |         # return mylist
157 | 
158 |     #获取提议同意的数量
159 |     def getNumAccepted(self):
160 |         return len([v for v in self.getHistory() if v != None])
161 |         # mylist = []
162 |         # list = self.getHistory()
163 |         # for i in list:
164 |         #     if i != None:
165 |         #         mylist.append(i)
166 |         #
167 |         # return len(mylist)
168 | 
169 | 
170 |     #通知其他提议者
171 |     def notifyProposer(self, protocol, msg):
172 |         #提议被同意
173 |         #[start---2.5] Proposer更新InstanceRecord记录，如果协议最终被大多数Acceptor拒绝则尝试重新提议
174 |         if protocol.state == PaxoProposerProtocol.STATE_ACCEPTED:
175 |             print(u"协议%s被%s同意"  % (msg.instanceID, msg.value))
176 |             self.instances[msg.instanceID].accepted = True
177 |             self.instances[msg.instanceID].value = msg.value
178 |             self.highestInstance = max(msg.instanceID, self.highestInstance)
179 | 
180 |             return True
181 | 
182 |         #如果协议最终被大多数Acceptor拒绝则尝试重新提议
183 |         if protocol.state == PaxoProposerProtocol.STATE_REJECTED:
184 |             self.proposalCount = max(self.proposalCount, msg.highestPID[1])
185 |             self.newProposal(msg.value)  #重试提议
186 | 
187 |             return True
188 | 
189 | 
190 |     #新的提议
191 |     def newProposal(self, value, instance=None):
192 |         protocol = PaxoProposerProtocol(self)  #创建提议者协议实例
193 | 
194 |         #创建协议标号
195 |         if instance == None:
196 |             self.highestInstance += 1
197 |             instanceID = self.highestInstance
198 |         else:
199 |             instanceID = instance
200 | 
201 |         self.proposalCount += 1  #提议数
202 |         id = (self.port, self.proposalCount)  #保存端口，协议数
203 | 
204 |         #协议记录
205 |         if instanceID in self.instances:
206 |             record = self.instances[instanceID]
207 |         else:
208 |             record = InstanceRecord()
209 |             self.instances[instanceID] = record
210 | 
211 |         #[start - --1.1]Proposer借助自身的PaxoProposerProtocol实例发起一个提议请求
212 |         protocol.propose(value, id, instanceID)  #发起提议
213 |         record.addProtocol(protocol)  #追加协议
214 | 
215 |     # 发送消息
216 |     def sendMsg(self, msg):
217 |         self.msgPump.sendMsg(msg)
218 | 
219 |     # 接收消息
220 |     def recvMsg(self, msg):
221 |         if self.stopped:
222 |             return
223 | 
224 |         if msg == None:
225 |             if self.isPrimary and time.time() - self.lastTime > 15.0:
226 |                 self.findAndFillGaps()
227 |                 self.garbageCollect()  #处理
228 | 
229 |             return
230 | 
231 |         if msg.cmd == Message.MSG_HEARTBEAT:  #心跳消息
232 |             self.hbListener.newHB(msg)
233 | 
234 |             return True
235 | 
236 |         #[start---1.0]Proposer收到一个消息，消息类型为一个提议。首先判断自身是否为领导者，如果是创建协议
237 |         if msg.cmd == Message.MSG_EXT_PROPOSE:  #额外协议
238 |             print("u外部传来的提议 %s %s" % (self.port, self.highestInstance))
239 |             if self.isPrimary:
240 |                 self.newProposal(msg.value)  #新的协议
241 | 
242 |             return True
243 | 
244 |         #[start---1.4]Proposer收到一个消息，类型为Acceptor的承诺(MSG_ACCEPTOR_AGREE)。既然不是Proposer最终要的接受提议的结果，转给ProposerPropotocal状态机处理
245 |         if self.isPrimary and msg.cmd != Message.MSG_ACCEPTOR_ACCEPT:  #如果消息不是最终同意消息
246 |             self.instances[msg.instanceID].getProtocol(msg.proposalID).doTranition(msg)
247 | 
248 |         if msg.cmd == Message.MSG_ACCEPTOR_ACCEPT:
249 |             #[start---2.3]Proposer收到一个消息，类型为Acceptor确认接受提议(MSG_ACCEPTOR_ACCEPT),根据该消息更新Proposer的InstanceRecord(新建record，追加协议等)。并将消息交给ProposerProtocol状态机处理
250 |             if msg.instanceID not in self.instances:
251 |                 record = InstanceRecord()
252 |                 # record.value = msg.value
253 |                 self.instances[msg.instanceID] = record
254 | 
255 |             record = self.instances[msg.instanceID]  #记录
256 |             if msg.proposalID not in record.protocols:
257 |                 #创建协议
258 |                 protocol = PaxoProposerProtocol(self)  #提议者协议
259 |                 protocol.state = PaxoProposerProtocol.STATE_AGREED  #同意链接
260 |                 protocol.proposalID = msg.proposalID
261 |                 protocol.instanceID = msg.instanceID
262 |                 protocol.value = msg.value
263 |                 record.addProtocol(protocol)  #追加协议
264 |             else:
265 |                 protocol = record.getProtocol(msg.proposalID)
266 | 
267 |             protocol.doTranition(msg)  #过渡处理
268 |             # print(self.getInstanceValue(0))
269 | 
270 |         return True
271 | 
272 |     #无用信息处理
273 |     def garbageCollect(self):
274 |         for i in self.instances:
275 |             self.instances[i].cleanProtocols()
276 | 
277 |     #获取空白时间处理下事务
278 |     def findAndFillGaps(self):
279 |         for i in range(1, self.highestInstance):
280 |             if self.getInstanceValue(i) == None:
281 |                 print(u"填充空白", i)
282 |                 self.newProposal(0, i)
283 | 
284 |         self.lastTime = time.time()
285 | 
286 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/MyPaxos_py/PaxoProposerProtocol.py:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  1 | """
  2 |     @author: chaors
  3 | 
  4 |     @file: PaxoProposerProtocol.py
  5 | 
  6 |     @time: 2018/04/14 10:50
  7 | 
  8 |     @desc: 提议者协议
  9 | """
 10 | 
 11 | from Message import Message  #协议依赖消息
 12 | 
 13 | class PaxoProposerProtocol:
 14 |     #常量
 15 |     STATE_UNDEFIND = -1  #提议协议未定义
 16 |     STATE_PROPOSED = 0  #提议类型
 17 |     STATE_REJECTED = 1  #拒绝状态  提议被拒绝
 18 |     STATE_AGREED = 2    #提议被承诺接受 Prepare阶段获取大多数Acceptor承诺后的协议状态
 19 |     STATE_ACCEPTED = 3  #提议被接受
 20 |     STATE_UNACCEPTED = 4  #提议未被拒绝
 21 | 
 22 |     def __init__(self, proposer):
 23 |         self.proposer = proposer
 24 | 
 25 |         self.state = PaxoProposerProtocol.STATE_UNDEFIND
 26 |         self.proprsalID = (-1, -1)
 27 |         # self.agreeCount = (0, 0)
 28 |         # self.acceptCount = (0, 0)
 29 |         # self.rejectCount = (0, 0)
 30 |         # self.unacceptCount = (0, 0)
 31 | 
 32 |         self.agreeCount = 0
 33 |         self.acceptCount = 0
 34 |         self.rejectCount = 0
 35 |         self.unacceptCount = 0
 36 | 
 37 |         self.instanceID = -1
 38 |         self.highestseen = (0, 0)  #最高协议
 39 | 
 40 | 
 41 |     #提议
 42 |     def propose(self, value, pID, instanceID):
 43 |         self.proposalID = pID
 44 |         self.instanceID = instanceID
 45 |         self.value = value
 46 | 
 47 |         # 创建一个提议类型的消息
 48 |         msg = Message(Message.MSG_PROPOSE)
 49 |         msg.proposalID = pID
 50 |         msg.instanceID = instanceID
 51 |         msg.value = value
 52 | 
 53 |         #将提议请求发送给每一位决策者Acceptor
 54 |         for server in self.proposer.getAcceptors():
 55 |             msg.to = server
 56 |             self.proposer.sendMsg(msg)
 57 | 
 58 |         #当前协议状态为已提议状态
 59 |         self.state = PaxoProposerProtocol.STATE_PROPOSED  #提议类型
 60 | 
 61 |         return self.proprsalID
 62 | 
 63 |     #过渡 根据状态机运行
 64 |     def doTranition(self, msg):
 65 |         #[start---1.5]ProposerPropotocal状态机函数收到一个MSG_ACCEPTOR_AGREE消息，此时表示有一个Acceptor承诺会接受我的请求。
 66 |         if self.state == PaxoProposerProtocol.STATE_PROPOSED:  #当前协议为提议状态提议
 67 |             if msg.cmd == Message.MSG_ACCEPTOR_AGREE:
 68 |                 #许诺接受提议的计数器
 69 |                 self.agreeCount += 1
 70 |                 #[start---2.0_1]该条件下的代码会不断执行，直到许诺Proposer的数量超过半数，表示Prepare阶段基本结束。此时的Proposer向Acceptor集合发送Accept请求，请求Acceptor确认他们的许诺。
 71 |                 if self.agreeCount > self.proposer.getQuorumCount():  #选举
 72 |                     print(u"达成协议的法定人数%d，最后的价值回答是:%s" % (self.agreeCount, msg.value))
 73 |                     if msg.value != None:
 74 |                         #判断版本号，根据版本高德更新记录的值
 75 |                         if msg.sequence[0] > self.highestseen[0] \
 76 |                             or (msg.sequence[0] == self.highestseen[0] \
 77 |                                 and msg.sequence[1] > self.highestseen[1]):
 78 |                             self.value = msg.value  #数据同步
 79 |                             self.highestseen = msg.sequence
 80 | 
 81 |                     self.state == PaxoProposerProtocol.STATE_AGREED  #提议取得超半数Acceptor承诺，对应协议状态变为协议被许诺将接受
 82 | 
 83 |                     #[start---2.0_1]向Acceptor发送Accept请求，请求Acceptor确认许诺
 84 |                     msg_accept = Message(Message.MSG_ACCEPT)
 85 |                     msg_accept.copyAsReply(msg)
 86 |                     msg_accept.value = self.value
 87 |                     msg_accept.proposerID = msg.to
 88 |                     for server in self.proposer.getAcceptors():  #广播Accept请求
 89 |                         msg_accept.to = server
 90 |                         self.proposer.sendMsg(msg_accept)
 91 | 
 92 |                     #[start---2.0_2]通知其他提议者我的提议已经被半数Accept许诺将会被接受，使得其他Proposer知道Prepare阶段哪个提议获得的承诺最多。这样，在Commit阶段，他们可能通过改变提议来使系统尽快达到一致性。
 93 |                     self.proposer.notifyProposer(self, msg)
 94 | 
 95 |                 return True
 96 |             if msg.cmd == Message.MSG_ACCEPTOR_REJECT:  #被拒绝
 97 |                 self.rejectCount += 1
 98 |                 if self.rejectCount > self.proposer.getQuorumCount():  #决策者拒绝数超过半数
 99 |                 self.state = PaxoProposerProtocol.STATE_REJECTED
100 |                 self.proposer.notifyProposer(self, msg)
101 | 
102 |             return True
103 | 
104 | 
105 |         if self.state == PaxoProposerProtocol.STATE_AGREED:  #同意状态
106 |             #[start---2.4_1]ProposerProtocol收到一个Acceptor的最终确认消息(MSG_ACCEPTOR_ACCEPT),此时表示新增一个Acceptor最终接受了我的提议。但此时的协议状态仍然是STATE_AGREED状态，因为一个提议最终被系统接受必须先被超半数的Acceptor节点确认接受。
107 |             if msg.cmd == Message.MSG_ACCEPTOR_ACCEPT:  #确认接受协议
108 |                 #确认接受当前协议的Acceptor计数器
109 |                 self.acceptCount += 1
110 |                 if self.acceptCount > self.proposer.getQuorumCount():  #提议被超半数Acceptor最终确认接受
111 | 
112 |                     #[start---2.4_2] STATE_AGREED条件下的代码会不断执行，直到最终接受提议的Acceptor超过半数。这时，协议状态由STATE_AGREED状态更新为最终被系统确认状态(STATE_ACCEPTED)。
113 |                     self.state = PaxoProposerProtocol.STATE_ACCEPTED  #接受
114 |                     #最后，最后，当前Proposerg更新自己的InstanceRecord记录
115 |                     self.proposer.notifyProposer(self, msg)
116 | 
117 |             #当然，这里也有一种可能是被超过半数节点不接受，那么同样其他Proposer节点必有一个节点提议被接受。
118 |             #该Proposer的提议最终不被Acceptor确认接受
119 |             if msg.cmd == Message.MSG_ACCEPTOR_UNACCEPT: #不同意协议
120 |                 self.unacceptCount += 1
121 |                 if self.unacceptCount > self.proposer.getQuorumCount():
122 |                     self.state = PaxoProposerProtocol.STATE_UNACCEPTED
123 |                     self.proposer.notifyProposer(self, msg)
124 | 
125 |         pass
126 | 
127 | 
128 | 
129 | 
130 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/MyPaxos_py/paox_testMain.py:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | """
 2 |     @author: chaors
 3 | 
 4 |     @file: paxo_testMain.py
 5 | 
 6 |     @time: 2018/04/14 17:50
 7 | 
 8 |     @desc: Paxos算法测试用例
 9 | """
10 | 
11 | import threading, socket, pickle, queue,random
12 | import time
13 | 
14 | from MessagePump import MessagePump
15 | from Message import Message
16 | from InstanceRecord import InstanceRecord
17 | from PaxoProposer import PaxoProposer
18 | from PaxoProposerProtocol import PaxoProposerProtocol
19 | from PaxoAcceptorProtocol import PaxoAcceptorProtocol
20 | from PaxoAcceptor import PaxoAcceptor
21 | 
22 | if __name__ == '__main__':
23 |     #Acceptor数量
24 |     numclients = 5
25 |     #实例化决策者数组，决策者节点端口号为65520-65525
26 |     acceptors = [PaxoAcceptor(port, [56321, 56322]) for port in range(65520, 65520 + numclients)]
27 | 
28 |     #实例化提议者，端口号分别56321，56322  对应的决策者为acceptors
29 |     proposer1 = PaxoProposer(56321, [56321, 56322], [acceptor.port for acceptor in acceptors])
30 |     proposer2 = PaxoProposer(56322, [56321, 56322], [acceptor.port for acceptor in acceptors])
31 | 
32 |     #启动提议者提议程序
33 |     proposer1.start()
34 |     proposer1.setPrimary(True)
35 |     proposer2.setPrimary(True)
36 |     proposer2.start()
37 | 
38 |     #启动决策者决策程序
39 |     for acceptor in acceptors:
40 |         acceptor.start()
41 | 
42 |     #模拟网络中两个节点宕机
43 |     acceptors[0].fail()
44 |     acceptors[1].fail()
45 | 
46 |     #利用Socket机制发送提议给决策者
47 |     s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
48 |     start = time.time()
49 | 
50 |     #将1-1000作为每次提议的值
51 |     for i in range(1000):
52 |         m = Message(Message.MSG_EXT_PROPOSE)
53 |         m.value = 0 + i
54 |         m.to = 56322
55 |         bytes = pickle.dumps(m)
56 |         s.sendto(bytes, ("localhost", m.to))
57 | 
58 |         # if i == 2 or i == 30:
59 |         #     print(leader2.getInstanceValue(1))
60 | 
61 |     #当提议被999个决策者接受时结束整个提议程序
62 |     while proposer1.getNumAccepted() < 999:
63 |         print(u"休眠1秒--被接受: %d" % proposer1.getNumAccepted())
64 |         time.sleep(1)
65 |     end = time.time()
66 | 
67 |     print(u"休眠10秒")
68 |     time.sleep(10)
69 |     print(u"结束领导者")
70 |     proposer1.stop()
71 |     proposer2.stop()
72 |     print(u"结束客户端")
73 |     for acceptor in acceptors:
74 |         acceptor.stop()
75 | 
76 |     print(u"领导者1 历史记录:  %s" % proposer1.getHistory())
77 |     print(u"领导者 2 历史记录: %s " % proposer2.getHistory())
78 |     print(u"一共用了%d 秒" % (end - start))
79 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/MyPaxos_py/test.py:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | """
 2 |     @author: chaors
 3 | 
 4 |     @file: Message.py
 5 | 
 6 |     @time: 2018/04/14 09:31
 7 | 
 8 |     @desc: 消息传递类
 9 | """
10 | 
11 | class Message:
12 |     #常量
13 |     MSG_ACCEPTOR_AGREE = 0  #Acceptor对提议请求的承诺
14 |     MSG_ACCEPTOR_ACCEPT = 1  #Acceptor对Accept请求的接受
15 |     MSG_ACCEPTOR_REJECT = 2  #Acceptor对提议请求的拒绝
16 |     MSG_ACCEPTOR_UNACCEPT = 3  #Acceptor对Accept请求的不接受
17 |     MSG_ACCEPT = 4  #Proposer发出的Accept请求
18 |     MSG_PROPOSE = 5  #Proposer发出的提议请求
19 |     MSG_EXT_PROPOSE = 6  #外部(Client)发给Proposer的提议
20 |     MSG_HEARTBEAT = 7  #定时的心跳信息，用来同步提议
21 | 
22 |     def __init__(self, cmd=None):  #消息初始化有个状态
23 |         pass
24 | 
25 |     #对某个消息的回复消息
26 |     def copyAsReply(self, msg):
27 |         pass
28 | 
29 | 
30 | 
31 | 
32 | 
33 | 
34 | 
35 | 
36 | 
37 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/README.md:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  1 | # PaxosDemo_py
  2 | # 基于Python的区块链共识算法Paxos实战
  3 | 
  4 | # 0.前言
  5 | 
  6 | 本文记录笔者学习和理解区块链共识算法Paxos的点滴，文章比较长，需要耐心来细细琢磨，笔者也是苦战了一个周末才对此有那么一点初步了解，有问题的地方请不吝斧正！
  7 | 
  8 | 1.初始是阅读本文后续内容的基础，概念性的东西叙述不多，干货干货干货在后面的代码实战。但有提供我认为优秀的帖子以供参考理解。前面这些Paxos基本的理解是2.代码设计和3.实战流程的基础！
  9 | 
 10 | # 1.初识
 11 | 
 12 | ### 相关概念
 13 | 
 14 |   Paxos 问题是指分布式的系统中存在故障（fault），但不存在恶意（corrupt）节点场景（即 可能消息丢失或重复，但无错误消息）下的共识达成（Consensus）问题。
 15 |   
 16 |    Paxos最早是 Leslie Lamport 用 Paxon 岛的故事模型来进行描述而命名。故事背景是古希腊 Paxon 岛上的多个法官在一个大厅内对一个议案进行表决，如何达成统一 的结果。他们之间通过服务人员来传递纸条，但法官可能离开或进入大厅，服务人员可能偷 懒去睡觉。
 17 | 
 18 | Paxos 是第一个被证明的共识算法，其原理基于两阶段提交并进行扩展。 作为现在共识算法设计的鼻祖，以最初论文的难懂（算法本身并不复杂）出名。算法中将节点分为三种类型：
 19 | 
 20 |  - proposer：提出一个提案，等待大家批准为结案。往往是客户端担任该角色；
 21 | 
 22 | - acceptor：负责对提案进行投票。往往是服务端担任该角色；一般需要至少3个且节点个数为奇数，因为Paxos算法最终要产生一个大多数决策者都同意的提议。
 23 | 
 24 | - learner：被告知结案结果，并与之统一，不参与投票过程。可能为客户端或服务端。
 25 | 
 26 | ### paxos算法的两阶段 
 27 | - prepare 阶段： 
 28 |   1. Proposer 选择一个提案编号 n，然后向acceptor的某个超过半数的子成员发送编号为n的 prepare 请求； 
 29 |   2. Acceptor 收到 prepare 消息后，如果提案的编号n大于该acceptor已经回复的所有 prepare 请求的编号，则 Acceptor 将自己上次已经批准的最大编号提案回复给 Proposer，并承诺不再回复小于 n 的提案；
 30 | 
 31 | - commit阶段： 
 32 |   1. 当一个 Proposer 收到了半数以上的 Acceptors 对 prepare 的回复后，就进入批准阶段。它要向回复 prepare 请求的 Acceptors 发送 accept 请求，包括编号 n 和根据 prepare阶段 决定的 value。这里的value是所有响应中编号最大的提案的value（如果根据 prepare 没有已经接受的 value，那么它可以自由决定 value）。 
 33 |   2. 在不违背自己向其他 Proposer 的承诺的前提下，Acceptor 收到 accept 请求后即接受这个请求。即如果acceptor收到这个针对n提案的accept请求，只要该acceptor尚未对编号大于n的prepare请求做出过响应，它就可以通过这个提案。
 34 | 
 35 | ### 他山之石
 36 | 
 37 | Paxos算法初次接触听上去确实有点晦涩难懂，这里有一篇贴子我觉得不错。贴出来可以参考:
 38 | 
 39 | - [通过现实世界描述Paxos算法](http://www.cnblogs.com/endsock/p/3480093.html)
 40 | - [通过实例来理解paxos算法](https://blog.csdn.net/xiaqunfeng123/article/details/51712983)
 41 | - [Paxos算法原理与推导](http://www.cnblogs.com/linbingdong/p/6253479.html)
 42 | 
 43 | 另外，wiki对[Paxos](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paxos_(computer_science))的描述也是比较不错和权威的参考资料。
 44 | 
 45 | 有了以上对Paxos算法的理解，我们才能进行下一步：自己编程实现Paxos算法。
 46 | 
 47 | # 2.代码实战
 48 | 
 49 | ### 流程理解
 50 | 
 51 | Paxos算法核心的两个角色便是Proposer(提议者)和Acceptor(决策者)，因此也必须围绕这两个对象进行算法架构的设计。
 52 | 
 53 | ![Paxos算法流程](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/830585-531976b2e68c1b2d.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
 54 | 
 55 | ###### Proposer行为分析
 56 | - 1.0  向所有Acceptor发出一个提议(proposal)；
 57 | 
 58 | - 2.0  如果收到一个拒绝信息(reject),尝试重新发送被拒绝的提议；
 59 | 
 60 | - 2.1 如果收到一个Acceptor的承诺回应(agree),用一个标志(agreeCount)来计数给了自己承诺的Acceptor个数。当agreeCount超过Acceptor总数的一半时，表示有大多数Acceptor承诺将接受这个提议，需要将自己的提议状态置为承诺接受状态(agreed)。同时，还要通知其他Proposer我这个提议已经得到大多数Acceptor承诺会接受。
 61 | 
 62 | - 3.0 提议为承诺接受状态(agreed)时，Proposer需要再向Acceptor集合发送一个接受提议的确认请求，我们称该请求为Accept请求。
 63 | 
 64 | - 3.1 发出Accept请求后会收到Acceptor的回复，如果收到接受信息(Accept),用一个标志(acceptCount)来计数接受自己提议的Acceptor个数。同样当acceptCount超过半数时，表示大多数Acceptor接受了这个提议，需要将提议状态由承诺接受状态(agreed)置为接受状态(acceptd)。
 65 | 同时，还要通知其他Proposer我这个提议已经得到大多数Acceptor接受。
 66 | 
 67 | - 以上1，2属于Paxos算法的Prepare阶段，3属于Accept阶段。
 68 | 
 69 | ###### Acceptor行为分析
 70 | 
 71 | - 1.0 当Acceptor收到一个提议后，判断提议版本号是否大于自身保存的提议版本。
 72 | 
 73 | - 1.0 如果小于自身表示曾经已经给过别的Proposer承诺，发送一个拒绝消息(reject),表示自己拒绝给当前Proposer任何承诺。
 74 | 
 75 | - 1.1 反之，则替换自身保存的提议版本号并给当前Proposer发送一个承诺回应(agree),表示将承诺接受他的提议。同时，将自身状态置为已经给了某个Proposer承诺(agree)。
 76 | 
 77 | - 2.0 Acceptor收到一个Proposer的编号为N的Accept请求，只要该Acceptor之前不曾承诺编号M(M>N)的其他Proposer提议，那么他就接受该提案。同时，将自身状态置为已接受某个Proposer提议，并通知所有Proposer这个消息。
 78 | 
 79 | - 以上1属于Paxos算法的Prepare阶段，2属于Accept阶段。
 80 | 
 81 | ___以上行为分析针对本次Paxos算法编程实战！！！___
 82 | 
 83 | ### 类的设计
 84 | 
 85 | Paxos算法解决的是分布式系统一致性的问题，我们通过端口号在一台计算机上模拟多个节点。
 86 | 
 87 | 毋庸置疑，我们分别需要一个Proposer类和Acceptor类。
 88 | 
 89 | ###### PaxoProposer 提议者类
 90 | 
 91 | - Proposer的作用是提出一个提议并发送给Acceptor，所以他本身必须知道所有的Acceptor，同时有些时候要跟其他Proposer通讯，所以也需要知道所有的Proposer(见init方法)。
 92 | 
 93 | - 基本的开始结束接口(start, stop)
 94 | 
 95 |  - 在判断提议是否被大多数Acceptor承诺接受或最终接受，我们需要设定一个判定条件(getQuorumCount)
 96 | 
 97 |  - 当提议被承诺接受或最终接受时需要通知其他Proposer(notifyProposer)
 98 | 
 99 | - 发送消息(提议或Accept请求)给Acceptor(sendMsg);接收来自Acceptor的消息(recvMsg)
100 | 
101 | - 为了方便调试，我们可能需要知道整个过程请求提议的历史记录(getHistory)
102 | 
103 | - 自己的提议最终被Acceptor接受的个数(getNumAccepted)
104 | 
105 | - 清楚Paxos算法流程后，我们发现假设有两个Proposer依次提出编号递增的提议，最终会陷入死循环使得Paxos算法无法保证活性。所以，一般的做法是选取一个主Proposer作为领导，只有领导才能提出提议(setPrimary)。
106 | 
107 | - Proposer类的一个难点在于提议发出后的各种状态转变与对应数据的处理。从提议发出到提议被接受整个过程，提议的状态是在不断地变化，但最终总会到达一个终止态。对于这种情况的处理，__状态机__注定是一个不错的选择。由于这里有点复杂我们将提议功能单独拿出来抽象为一个Proposer的协议类__PaxoProposerProtocol__。
108 | 
109 | -由于各个节点收发消息是并行的，这里对消息的检测需要用到线程。这里HeartbeatListener来监听消息，HeartbeatSender用来发送消息。
110 | 
111 | 
112 | ```
113 | """
114 |     @author: chaors
115 | 
116 |     @file: PaxoProposer.py
117 | 
118 |     @time: 2018/04/14 10:50
119 | 
120 |     @desc: 提议者
121 | """
122 | 
123 | class PaxoProposer:
124 | 
125 |     #心跳监听类
126 |     class HeartbeatListener(threading.Thread):
127 |         pass
128 |     #定时发送类
129 |     class HeartbeatSender(threading.Thread):
130 |         pass
131 |         
132 | 
133 |     #初始化
134 |     def __init__(self, port, proposers=None, acceptors=None):
135 |         pass
136 |     #开始
137 |     def start(self):
138 |         pass
139 | 
140 |     #停止
141 |     def stop(self):
142 |         pass
143 | 
144 |     #设置是否为领导者
145 |     def setPrimary(self, isPrimary):
146 |         pass
147 | 
148 |     #获取支持所有提议者的决策者
149 |     def getGroup(self):
150 |         pass
151 | 
152 |     #获取所有提议者
153 |     def getProposers(self):
154 |         pass
155 | 
156 |     #获取所有决策者
157 |     def getAcceptors(self):
158 |         pass
159 | 
160 |     #提议被承诺接受或最终接受的条件必须满足:获得1/2以上的Acceptor支持
161 |     def getQuorumCount(self):
162 |         pass
163 | 
164 |     #获取本地记录数据
165 |     def getInstanceValue(self, instanceID):
166 |         pass
167 | 
168 |     #获取历史记录
169 |     def getHistory(self):
170 |         pass
171 | 
172 |     #获取提议同意的数量
173 |     def getNumAccepted(self):
174 |         pass
175 | 
176 | 
177 |     #通知其他提议者
178 |     def notifyProposer(self, protocol, msg):
179 |         pass
180 | 
181 | 
182 |     #新的提议
183 |     def newProposal(self, value, instance=None):
184 |         pass
185 | 
186 |     # 发送消息
187 |     def sendMsg(self, msg):
188 |         pass
189 | 
190 |     # 接收消息
191 |     def recvMsg(self, msg):
192 |         pass
193 | ```
194 | 
195 | ##### PaxoProposerProtocol类
196 | 
197 | 用来提交一个提议，并用于提交提议后各种状态的处理。
198 | 
199 | - 定义一些状态来表示当前Proposoer提议的各种状态
200 | 
201 | - 发起提议(propose)
202 | 
203 | - 状态机处理(doTranition)
204 | 
205 | ```
206 | """
207 |     @author: chaors
208 | 
209 |     @file: PaxoProposerProtocol.py
210 | 
211 |     @time: 2018/04/14 10:50
212 | 
213 |     @desc: 提议者协议
214 | """
215 | 
216 | class PaxoProposerProtocol:
217 |     #常量
218 |     STATE_UNDEFIND = -1  #提议协议未定义
219 |     STATE_PROPOSED = 0  #提议类型
220 |     STATE_REJECTED = 1  #拒绝状态  提议被拒绝
221 |     STATE_AGREED = 2    #提议被承诺接受 Prepare阶段获取大多数Acceptor承诺后的协议状态
222 |     STATE_ACCEPTED = 3  #提议被接受
223 |     STATE_UNACCEPTED = 4  #提议未被拒绝
224 | 
225 |     def __init__(self, proposer):
226 |         pass
227 | 
228 |     #发起提议
229 |     def propose(self, value, pID, instanceID):
230 |         pass
231 | 
232 |     #状态过渡 根据状态机运行
233 |     def doTranition(self, msg):
234 |         pass
235 | ``` 
236 | 
237 | ##### PaxoAcceptor类
238 | 
239 | 决策者，对Proposer提出的提议和Accept请求做出回应。
240 | 
241 | - 和Proposer类似的接口不再赘述。
242 | 
243 | - 需要对比Proposer发来的提议版本(getHighestProposal)
244 | 
245 | ```
246 | """
247 |     @author: chaors
248 | 
249 |     @file: PaxoAcceptor.py
250 | 
251 |     @time: 2018/04/14 10:50
252 | 
253 |     @desc: 决策者
254 | """
255 | 
256 | class PaxoAcceptor:
257 |     def __init__(self, port, proposers):
258 |         pass
259 | 
260 |     #开始
261 |     def start(self):
262 |         pass
263 | 
264 |     #停止
265 |     def stop(self):
266 |         pass
267 | 
268 |     #失败
269 |     def fail(self):
270 |         pass
271 | 
272 |     #恢复
273 |     def recover(self):
274 |         pass
275 | 
276 |     #发送消息
277 |     def sendMsg(self, msg):
278 |         pass
279 | 
280 |     #接收消息
281 |     def recvMsg(self, msg):
282 |         pass
283 | 
284 | 
285 |     #通知客户端
286 |     def notifyClient(self, protocol, msg):
287 |         pass
288 | 
289 | 
290 |     #获取本地记录数据
291 |     def getInstanceValue(self, instanceID):
292 |         pass
293 | 
294 |     #获取最高同意建议
295 |     def getHighestProposal(self, instanceID):
296 |         pass
297 | ```
298 | 
299 | ##### PaxoAcceptorProtocol类
300 | 
301 | 决策者协议，用来处理Proposer提出的提议，并同样使用状态机来处理自身各种状态。
302 | 
303 | ```
304 | """
305 |     @author: chaors
306 | 
307 |     @file: PaxoAcceptorProtocol.py
308 | 
309 |     @time: 2018/04/14 10:50
310 | 
311 |     @desc: 决策者协议
312 | """
313 | 
314 | from Message import Message  #协议依赖消息
315 | 
316 | class PaxoAcceptorProtocol:
317 |     #常量
318 |     STATE_UNDEFIND = -1  #协议未定义
319 |     STATE_PROPOSAL_RECEIVED = 0  #收到消息
320 |     STATE_PROPOSAL_REJECTED = 1  #拒绝链接，网络不通可能
321 |     STATE_PROPOSAL_AGREED = 2  #承诺将接受该提议  针对Proposer的PROPOSED请求
322 |     STATE_PROPOSAL_ACCEPTED = 3  #接受该协议  针对Proposer的Accept请求
323 |     STATE_PROPOSAL_UNACCEPTED = 4  #拒绝请求
324 | 
325 |     def __init__(self, client):
326 |         pass
327 | 
328 |     #收到提议
329 |     def recvProposal(self, msg):
330 |         pass
331 | 
332 | 
333 |     #过渡
334 |     def doTranition(self, msg):
335 |         pass
336 | 
337 |     #通知客户端
338 |     def notifyClient(self, msg):
339 |         pass
340 | ```
341 | 
342 | ##### Message类
343 | 
344 | Proposer和Acceptor的角色都有了，还差一个他们之间传递的消息类。这个消息有以下几种：
345 | 
346 | - Proposer发出的提议请求
347 | - Proposer发出的Accept请求
348 | - Acceptor对提议请求的拒绝
349 | - Acceptor对提议请求的承诺
350 | - Acceptor对Accept请求的接受
351 | - Acceptor对Accept请求的不接受
352 | - 外部(Client)发给Proposer的提议
353 | - 作为对消息的回复消息
354 | - 定时的心跳信息，用来同步提议
355 | 
356 | ```
357 | """
358 |     @author: chaors
359 | 
360 |     @file: Message.py
361 | 
362 |     @time: 2018/04/14 09:31
363 | 
364 |     @desc: 消息传递类
365 | """
366 | 
367 | class Message:
368 |     #常量
369 |     MSG_ACCEPTOR_AGREE = 0  #Acceptor对提议请求的承诺
370 |     MSG_ACCEPTOR_ACCEPT = 1  #Acceptor对Accept请求的接受
371 |     MSG_ACCEPTOR_REJECT = 2  #Acceptor对提议请求的拒绝
372 |     MSG_ACCEPTOR_UNACCEPT = 3  #Acceptor对Accept请求的不接受
373 |     MSG_ACCEPT = 4  #Proposer发出的Accept请求
374 |     MSG_PROPOSE = 5  #Proposer发出的提议请求
375 |     MSG_EXT_PROPOSE = 6  #外部(Client)发给Proposer的提议
376 |     MSG_HEARTBEAT = 7  #定时的心跳信息，用来同步提议
377 | 
378 |     def __init__(self, cmd=None):  #消息初始化有个状态
379 |         pass
380 |     
381 |     #对某个消息的回复消息
382 |     def copyAsReply(self, msg):
383 |         pass
384 | ```
385 | 
386 | ##### InstanceRecord类
387 | 
388 | 提议被抽象在协议里，在系统达到一致性之前，Proposer可能尝试提交多次协议信息(包含提议)。在Proposer和Acceptor之间都需要保存所有的提议记录，所以两者都有一个InstanceRecord实例数组。
389 | 
390 | 对于Proposer，InstanceRecord实例数组保存的是提交过的所有提议记录，并且会随着提议状态的改变更新记录状态(包括协议和记录的值)的值。
391 | 
392 | 对于Acceptor，InstanceRecord实例数组保存的是Acceptor接收的Proposer提议请求，并随着提议版本的改变而更新。Acceptor给出承诺(agree)的条件是提议版本大于当前InstanceRecord里的协议版本；Acceptor接受提议(accept)的条件是当前Accept请求版本号比之前给出承诺的的提议版本号大。
393 | 
394 | - 协议，包含了每次请求的协议信息(protocols)
395 | - 最高版本，当前所有提交的请求的最高版本(highestID)
396 | - 记录值，该次请求的值
397 | 
398 | ```
399 | """
400 |     @author: chaors
401 | 
402 |     @file: InstanceRecord.py
403 | 
404 |     @time: 2018/04/14 10:31
405 | 
406 |     @desc: 本地记录类,记录决策者，提议者之间协议
407 | """
408 | 
409 | import threading, socket, pickle, queue,random
410 | #  InstanceRecord本地记录类，决策者，提议者之间协议
411 | from PaxoProposerProtocol import PaxoProposerProtocol
412 | 
413 | class InstanceRecord():
414 |     def __init__(self):
415 |         self.protocols = {}  #协议字典
416 |         self.highestID = (-1, -1)  #最高版本(提议版本，端口号)
417 |         self.value = None  #提议值
418 | 
419 |     #增加协议
420 |     def addProtocol(self, protocol):
421 |         self.protocols[protocol.proposalID] = protocol
422 |         #取得版本最高的协议  假设端口较大的Proposer为领导，优先承诺 端口相同时取版本号较大的
423 |         if protocol.proposalID[1] > self.highestID[1] or \
424 |                 (protocol.proposalID[1] == self.highestID[1] \
425 |                  and protocol.proposalID[0] > self.highestID[0]):
426 |             self.highestID = protocol.proposalID
427 | 
428 |     #抓取协议
429 |     def getProtocol(self, protocolID):
430 | 
431 |         return self.protocols[protocolID]
432 | 
433 |     #清理协议
434 |     def cleanProtocols(self):
435 |         keys = self.protocols.keys()  #取得所有可以
436 |         #遍历删除协议
437 |         for key in keys:
438 |             protocol = self.protocols[key]
439 |             if protocol.state == PaxoProposerProtocol.STATE_ACCEPTED:
440 |                 print("Deleting protocol")
441 |                 del self.protocols[key] #删除协议
442 | ```
443 | 
444 | ##### MessagePump类
445 | 
446 | 消息的结构是有了，但是它是怎么在节点(Proposer和Acceptor)之间传递的呢。这里我们封装一个基于Socket传递消息的网络类。这里接收消息需要借助一个线程，我们在构造一个接收消息的辅助类。
447 | 
448 | 这里的只是不属于Paxos算法重点，就不赘述了。直接上代码。
449 | 
450 | ```
451 | """
452 |     @author: chaors
453 | 
454 |     @file: MessagePump.py
455 | 
456 |     @time: 2018/04/14 09:46
457 | 
458 |     @desc: 基于Socket传递消息，封装网络类传递消息
459 | """
460 | 
461 | import threading  #线程
462 | import pickle  #对象序列化
463 | import socket  #网络信息传输
464 | import queue  #队列
465 | 
466 | class MessagePump(threading.Thread):
467 |     # 传递消息的辅助类
468 |     class MPHelper(threading.Thread):
469 |         def __init__(self, owner):
470 |             self.owner = owner  #传递消息的对象的所有者
471 | 
472 |             threading.Thread.__init__(self)  # 父类初始化
473 | 
474 |         def run(self):  #运行
475 |             while not self.owner.abort:  #只要所有者线程未结束
476 |                 try:
477 |                     #返回二进制数据，地址
478 |                     (bytes, addr) = self.owner.socket.recvfrom(2048)  #收取消息
479 |                     msg = pickle.loads(bytes)  #读取二进制转化为消息
480 |                     msg.source = addr[1]  #取出返回的地址
481 |                     self.owner.queue.put(msg)  #消息存入队列
482 | 
483 |                 except Exception as e:  #异常
484 |                     print(e)
485 | 
486 |     def __init__(self, owner, port, timeout=2):
487 |         #基本参数初始化
488 |         self.owner = owner  #所有者
489 |         self.timeout = 2  #超时时间
490 |         self.port = port  #网络接口
491 | 
492 |         #网络通信初始化
493 |         self.socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)  #UDP通信
494 |         self.socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_RCVBUF, 200000)  #通信参数
495 |         self.socket.bind(("localhost", port))  #socket绑定
496 |         self.socket.settimeout(timeout)  #设置超时
497 | 
498 |         self.queue = queue.Queue()  #队列
499 |         self.helper = MessagePump.MPHelper(self)  #接收消息的工具类
500 | 
501 |         threading.Thread.__init__(self)  #父类初始化
502 |         self.abort = False  #默认不终止状态
503 | 
504 |     #运行主线程
505 |     def run(self):
506 |         self.helper.start()  #开启收消息的线程
507 |         while not self.abort:  #只要不是终止状态
508 |             msg = self.waitForMsg()  #阻塞等待消息
509 |             self.owner.recvMsg(msg)  #收取消息
510 | 
511 |     #等待消息
512 |     def waitForMsg(self):
513 |         try:
514 |             msg = self.queue.get(True, 3)  #从队列中取消息，最多等3s
515 | 
516 |             return msg
517 |         except Exception as e:
518 |             print(e)
519 | 
520 |             return None
521 | 
522 |     #发送消息
523 |     def sendMsg(self, msg):
524 |         bytes = pickle.dumps(msg)  #把消息转成二进制
525 |         addr = ("localhost", msg.to)
526 |         self.socket.sendto(bytes, addr)  #发送消息到地址
527 | 
528 |         return True
529 | 
530 |     #设置状态为放弃
531 |     def doAbort(self):
532 |         self.abort = True
533 | ```
534 | 
535 | ##### Paxos_MainTest Paxos算法测试
536 | 
537 | ```
538 | """
539 |     @author: chaors
540 | 
541 |     @file: paxo_testMain.py
542 | 
543 |     @time: 2018/04/14 17:50
544 | 
545 |     @desc: Paxos算法测试用例
546 | """
547 | 
548 | import threading, socket, pickle, queue,random
549 | import time
550 | 
551 | from MessagePump import MessagePump
552 | from Message import Message
553 | from InstanceRecord import InstanceRecord
554 | from PaxoProposer import PaxoProposer
555 | from PaxoProposerProtocol import PaxoProposerProtocol
556 | from PaxoAcceptorProtocol import PaxoAcceptorProtocol
557 | from PaxoAcceptor import PaxoAcceptor
558 | 
559 | if __name__ == '__main__':
560 |     #Acceptor数量
561 |     numclients = 5
562 |     #实例化决策者数组，决策者节点端口号为65520-65525
563 |     acceptors = [PaxoAcceptor(port, [56321, 56322]) for port in range(65520, 65520 + numclients)]
564 | 
565 |     #实例化提议者，端口号分别56321，56322  对应的决策者为acceptors
566 |     proposer1 = PaxoProposer(56321, [56321, 56322], [acceptor.port for acceptor in acceptors])
567 |     proposer2 = PaxoProposer(56322, [56321, 56322], [acceptor.port for acceptor in acceptors])
568 | 
569 |     #启动提议者提议程序
570 |     proposer1.start()
571 |     proposer1.setPrimary(True)
572 |     proposer2.setPrimary(True)
573 |     proposer2.start()
574 | 
575 |     #启动决策者决策程序
576 |     for acceptor in acceptors:
577 |         acceptor.start()
578 | 
579 |     #模拟网络中两个节点宕机
580 |     acceptors[0].fail()
581 |     acceptors[1].fail()
582 | 
583 |     #利用Socket机制发送提议给决策者
584 |     s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
585 |     start = time.time()
586 |     for i in range(1000):
587 |         m = Message(Message.MSG_EXT_PROPOSE)
588 |         m.value = 0 + i
589 |         m.to = 56322  
590 |         bytes = pickle.dumps(m)
591 |         s.sendto(bytes, ("localhost", m.to))
592 | 
593 |         # if i == 2 or i == 30:
594 |         #     print(leader2.getInstanceValue(1))
595 | 
596 |     #当提议被999个决策者接受时结束整个提议程序
597 |     while proposer1.getNumAccepted() < 999:
598 |         print(u"休眠1秒--被接受: %d" % proposer1.getNumAccepted())
599 |         time.sleep(1)
600 |     end = time.time()
601 | 
602 |     print(u"休眠10秒")
603 |     time.sleep(10)
604 |     print(u"结束领导者")
605 |     proposer1.stop()
606 |     proposer2.stop()
607 |     print(u"结束客户端")
608 |     for acceptor in acceptors:
609 |         acceptor.stop()
610 | 
611 |     print(u"领导者1 历史记录:  %s" % proposer1.getHistory())
612 |     print(u"领导者 2 历史记录: %s " % proposer2.getHistory())
613 |     print(u"一共用了%d 秒" % (end - start))
614 | ```
615 | 
616 | # 3.通过代码进一步了解Paox算法处理逻辑
617 | 
618 | 上面已经完成了基本代码的架构，详细源码稍后我会上传到github。
619 | 接下来，我们通过一个简单的测试用例来再一次更深入地从代码层面理解Paxos算法的处理逻辑。
620 | 
621 | 我们运行paxo_testMain代码，事先我在关键步骤处都打了断点。这样就可以完整地从代码角度看一次Paxos算法两个阶段的运行，也能直观地观察到各个步骤的代码处理逻辑。
622 | 
623 | ## __!!!阅读说明:__
624 | 
625 |   ##### 1.x 对应Paxos算法Prepare阶段
626 |   ##### 2.x 对应Paxos算法Commit阶段
627 | 
628 | ### 废话少说上代码
629 | 
630 | - ##### 1.0 [start---1.0]Proposer收到一个消息，消息类型为一个提议。首先判断自身是否为领导者，如果是创建协议
631 | 
632 | ![start---1.0](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/830585-fbae9b0c3d42392e.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
633 | 
634 | - ##### 1.1 [start---1.1]Proposer借助自身的PaxoProposerProtocol实例发起一个提议请求
635 | 
636 | ![start---1.1_1](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/830585-62473a5898e9963c.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
637 | 
638 | ![start---1.1_2有于消息是并发执行的，这里协议的状态改变需要等到提议请求发送发送给所有的Acceptor后才会执行到这，所以start---1.1_1断点之后可能不会是这个断点](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/830585-3034359883a64c86.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
639 | 
640 | - ##### 1.2 [start---1.2]Acceptor收到一个消息，消息类型为提议。然后借助AcceptorProtocol实例处理提议。
641 | 
642 | ![start---1.2](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/830585-497771c473781c3c.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
643 | 
644 | - ##### 1.3[start---1.3] AcceptorProtocol收到一个提议，判断提议版本回复Proposer承诺接受消息或拒绝消息
645 | 
646 | ![start---1.3](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/830585-8c1e7862a03bedfd.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
647 | 
648 | - ##### 1.4[start---1.4]Proposer收到一个消息，类型为Acceptor的承诺(MSG_ACCEPTOR_AGREE)。既然不是Proposer最终要的接受提议的结果，转给ProposerPropotocal(当前消息的记录ID(instanceID)对应的协议)状态机处理。
649 | 
650 | ![start---1.4](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/830585-86d312bac72a269b.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
651 | 
652 | - ##### [start---1.5]  and [start---2.0]
653 | ###### --[start---1.5] ProposerPropotocal状态机函数收到一个MSG_ACCEPTOR_AGREE消息，此时表示新增加一个Acceptor承诺会接受我的请求。
654 | 
655 |   ###### -- [start---2.0_1]该条件下的代码会不断执行，直到许诺Proposer的数量超过半数，表示Prepare阶段基本结束。此时协议状态更新为协议被承诺接受(STATE_AGREED)。此时的Proposer向Acceptor集合发送Accept请求，请求Acceptor确认他们的许诺。
656 | 
657 |  ###### -- [start---2.0_2]同时，向其他Proposer广播该消息，使得其他Proposer知道Prepare阶段哪个提议获得的承诺最多。这样，在Commit阶段，他们可能通过改变提议来使系统尽快达到一致性。
658 | 
659 | ![start---1.5 & 2.0](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/830585-2d19b7f6b930887b.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
660 | 
661 | - ##### 2.1[start---2.1]Acceptor收到一个消息，类型为来自Proposer的Accept请求。借助AcceptorPropotal处理该消息。
662 | 
663 | ![start---2.1](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/830585-7fd1a4627c2516fc.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
664 | 
665 | - ##### 2.2[start---2.2] 
666 |   ###### -- [start---2.2_1] AcceptorPropotal收到Proposer发出的Accept请求。按Paxos算法思想，这里需要判断请求版本号，当且仅当Acceptor之前承诺过的提议版本号最大值小于Accept请求版本号才会接受该Proposer提议。这里我们借助“先入为主”的思想简化问题，只要这时候协议状态为STATE_PROPOSAL_AGREED，就给所有Proposer广播消息表示自己确认接受该Proposer提议。
667 | 
668 |   ###### -- [start---2.2_2] AcceptorPropotal通知Acceptor更新InstanceRecord的值，到此时已有一个提议被一个Acceptor最终接受。
669 | 
670 | ![start---2.2](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/830585-6e6a38ed68e93c5a.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
671 | 
672 | - ##### 2.3[start---2.3]Proposer收到一个消息，类型为Acceptor确认接受提议(MSG_ACCEPTOR_ACCEPT),根据该消息更新Proposer的InstanceRecord(新建record，追加协议等)。并将消息交给ProposerProtocol状态机处理。
673 | 
674 | ![start---2.3](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/830585-73c867f7445a7224.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
675 | 
676 | - ##### 2.4[start---2.4] 
677 |   ###### [start---2.4_1] -- ProposerProtocol收到一个Acceptor的最终确认消息(MSG_ACCEPTOR_ACCEPT),此时表示新增一个Acceptor最终接受了我的提议。但此时的协议状态仍然是STATE_AGREED状态，因为一个提议最终被系统接受必须先被超半数的Acceptor节点确认接受。
678 | 
679 |   ###### [start---2.4_2] STATE_AGREED条件下的代码会不断执行，直到最终接受提议的Acceptor超过半数。这时，协议状态由STATE_AGREED状态更新为最终被系统确认状态(STATE_ACCEPTED)。最后，当前Proposer更新自己的InstanceRecord记录。当然，这里也有一种可能是被超过半数节点不接受，那么同样其他Proposer节点必有一个节点提议被接受。
680 | 
681 | ![start---2.4](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/830585-f65732b2969d2c66.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
682 | 
683 | - ##### 2.5[start---2.5] Proposer更新InstanceRecord记录，如果协议最终被大多数Acceptor拒绝则尝试重新提议(步骤回到1.1)。
684 | 
685 | ![start---2.5](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/830585-3479d538cf584eff.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
686 | 
687 | # 总结
688 | 以上，我们就从代码层面对PAxos算法有一个更深入的了解，我想根据代码再反过来理解PAxos算法，势必会有一个更深刻的印象。
689 | 
690 | 刚开始听说Paxos也是好几脸懵逼，也是鏖战一个周末才有这么点体悟。还在学习区块链的小小白起步中，写这篇帖子也是记录下自己学习的过程。勉之。
691 | 
692 | 
693 | 
694 | 


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