├── LICENSE
├── README.md
├── docs
├── finance_data
│ └── cot_commitments-of-traders.md
├── finance_forex
│ ├── digital-currencies.md
│ └── forex-concepts.md
├── finance_history.md
├── finance_macroeconomics
│ ├── gdp_gross-domestic-product.md
│ └── world-economic-outlook.md
├── finance_research
│ ├── commodities.md
│ ├── data-companies.md
│ └── software-companies.md
├── finance_technical-analysis
│ ├── autoregressive-integrated-ma.md
│ └── balance-of-power.md
├── index.md
├── quant_python
│ ├── python.md
│ └── python_zen.md
├── research_papers.md
└── terminology.md
├── scripts
├── index.md
└── python
│ └── utils
│ └── print_env_var.py
└── src
└── static
└── img
├── .gitkeep
└── markus-spiske-5gGcn2PRrtc-unsplash.jpg
/LICENSE:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | MIT License
2 |
3 | Copyright (c) 2021 dMLTquant
4 |
5 | Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
6 | of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
7 | in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
8 | to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
9 | copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
10 | furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
11 |
12 | The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
13 | copies or substantial portions of the Software.
14 |
15 | THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
16 | IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
17 | FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
18 | AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
19 | LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
20 | OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
21 | SOFTWARE.
22 |
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2 |
3 | ••• **[home](/README.md)** ••• **[docs](/docs/index.md)** ••• **[scripts](/scripts/index.md)** •••
4 |
5 | [//]: # "END - Navigation between Markdown pages inside of GitHub."
6 |
7 | ---
8 |
9 |
10 |
11 | Photo by Markus Spiske on Unsplash
12 |
13 |
14 | ---
15 |
16 |
17 | ••• dMLTresearch •••
18 | • AWESOME INVESTING •
19 |
20 |
21 |
22 | • investing services and tools • financial data • quantitative analysis • algorithmic trading •
23 | • data science • python • pine script • programing tools • languages and frameworks •
24 |
25 |
26 |
27 |
28 |
29 |
30 |
31 |
32 |
33 |
34 | ---
35 |
36 | • FINANCE •
37 |
38 | essentials
39 |
40 | ---
41 |
42 | • [Bloomberg](https://www.bloomberg.com/) • [TradingEconomics Calendar](https://tradingeconomics.com/calendar) • [MacroTrends](http://www.macrotrends.net/) • [MarketMilk](https://marketmilk.babypips.com) • [TradingView](https://www.tradingview.com/) • [DocoH](https://docoh.com/) • [Tradingster COT Reports](https://www.tradingster.com) • [Investopedia](https://www.investopedia.com/) • [Quantocracy](https://quantocracy.com) •
43 |
44 | ---
45 |
46 |
47 |
48 | alternatives
49 |
50 | ---
51 |
52 | **cryptocurrencies** • [defiprime](https://defiprime.com/) • [cosmos network](https://cosmos.network/) •
53 |
54 | ---
55 |
56 |
57 |
58 | data warehouses
59 |
60 | ---
61 |
62 | **macroeconomics** • [TradingEconomics](https://tradingeconomics.com/) • [IHS Markit](https://ihsmarkit.com/) •
63 |
64 | **macroeconomics** • **central banks** • [US Federal Reserve (FED)](https://www.federalreserve.gov/) • [US Securities and Exchange Commision (SEC)](https://www.sec.gov/) [[ [US SEC EDGAR Search](https://www.sec.gov/edgar/search-and-access) ]] • [European Central Bank (ECB)](https://www.ecb.europa.eu/) [[ [ECB Statistical Data Warehouse (SDW) ](https://sdw.ecb.europa.eu/) • [ECB SDW Search](https://sdw.ecb.europa.eu/intelligentsearch/) ]] • [Bank of England (BoE)](https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/) • [Bank of Japan (BoJ)](https://www.boj.or.jp/en/index.htm/) •
65 |
66 | **macroeconomics** • **world banks** • [World Bank](https://www.worldbank.org/) [[ [World Bank Datacatalog](https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/) ]] • [Bank for International Settlements (BIS)](https://www.bis.org) • [International Monetary Fund (IMF)](https://www.imf.org/) •
67 |
68 | **statistics** • **europe** • [EuroStat](https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/) • [European National Statistical Institutes](https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/links) •
69 |
70 | **statistics** • **uk** • [UK Statistical System](https://www.statisticsauthority.gov.uk/) • [UK GOV Open Data](https://data.gov.uk/) • [London DataStore](https://data.london.gov.uk) •
71 |
72 | **statistics** • **us** • [US Bureau of Economic Analysis](https://www.bea.gov/)
73 |
74 | **trading data** • [Nasdaq](https://www.nasdaq.com/) [[ *features* • [Data Link (Quandl)](https://data.nasdaq.com/) • [Trading Halts](http://www.nasdaqtrader.com/Trader.aspx?id=TradeHalts) ]] • [NYSE](https://www.nyse.com/) [[ *features* • [Trading Halts](https://www.nyse.com/trade-halt-current) ]] • [ICE](https://www.ice.com/) • [CME Group](https://www.cmegroup.com/) [[ [CME Group Block Trades](https://www.cmegroup.com/clearing/operations-and-deliveries/accepted-trade-types/block-data.html) ]] • [MacroTrends](http://www.macrotrends.net/) • [Yahoo Finance](https://finance.yahoo.com/) • [Google Finance](https://www.google.com/docs/) • [Tradingster COT Reports](https://www.tradingster.com) •
75 |
76 | **trading data** • **dashboards** • [Bloomberg Professional](https://www.bloomberg.com/professional/) • [Money Net](https://www.money.net/) • [Tiingo](https://www.tiingo.com/) • [KoyFin](https://www.koyfin.com/) • [DarQube](https://darqube.io/) •
77 |
78 | **trading data** • **research** • [DocoH](https://docoh.com/) • [Morningstar Professional](https://www.morningstar.com/products) • [SimplyWall.st](https://simplywall.st/) • [Wallmine](https://wallmine.com/) • [FinViz](https://finviz.com) • [StockRover](https://www.stockrover.com/) • [Atom Finance](https://atom.finance/) • [TipRanks](https://www.tipranks.com/) • [Yewmo Edge](https://edge.yewno.com/) • [Sentieo](https://sentieo.com/) • [TIKR Terminal](https://tikr.com) • [EZ Stock Screener](https://www.ezstockscreener.com) • [Insider Finance](https://insiderfinance.io/) • [Quiver Quant](https://www.quiverquant.com) • [BusinessQuant](https://businessquant.com/) •
79 |
80 | ---
81 |
82 |
83 |
84 | insights
85 |
86 | ---
87 |
88 | **calendar** • [TradingEconomics](https://tradingeconomics.com/calendar) • [BabyPips](https://www.babypips.com/economic-calendar) • [Forex Factory](https://www.forexfactory.com/calendar) • [MetaTrader Calendar](https://www.mql5.com/en/economic-calendar) •
89 |
90 | **communities** • [seekingalpha](https://seekingalpha.com/) • [stocktwits](https://stocktwits.com/) •
91 |
92 | **education** • [Investopedia](https://www.investopedia.com/) • [Quantocracy](https://quantocracy.com) •
93 |
94 | **indices** • [Bloomberg Currency Indices](https://www.bloomberg.com/professional/product/indices/bloomberg-currency-indices/) • [ICE U.S. Dollar Index (USDX)](https://www.theice.com/forex/usdx) •
95 |
96 | **forex** • [MarketMilk](https://marketmilk.babypips.com) • [BabyPips](https://www.babypips.com/) •
97 |
98 | **intelligence** • [World Economic Forum](https://www.weforum.org/) • [CME Group Insights](https://www.cmegroup.com/insights.html)
99 |
100 | **news** • [Bloomberg](https://www.bloomberg.com/) • [Wall Street Journal](https://www.wsj.com/) • [Barrons](https://www.barrons.com/) • [Financial Times](https://www.ft.com) • [Reuters](https://www.reuters.com/) • [MarketWatch](https://www.marketwatch.com/) • [Tiingo](https://www.tiingo.com/) • [Benzinga](https://pro.benzinga.com/) • [IMF Finance and Development](https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/index.htm) • [TechCrunch](https://techcrunch.com/) •
101 |
102 | **sentiment** • [CME Group Market Sentiment Meter](https://www.cmegroup.com/tools-information/market-sentiment-meter.html) • [IG Client Sentiment](https://www.dailyfx.com/sentiment) • [IG Client Sentiment Report](https://www.dailyfx.com/sentiment-report)
103 |
104 | ---
105 |
106 |
107 |
108 | tools and services
109 |
110 | ---
111 |
112 | **brokers** • [Alpaca](https://alpaca.markets/) • [OandA](https://www.oanda.com/) • [WealthSimple](https://www.wealthsimple.com/) • [Nutmeg](https://www.nutmeg.com) • [Interactive Brokers](https://www.interactivebrokers.com/) • [Trading212](https://www.trading212.com/) • [FreeTrade](https://freetrade.io/) • [Interactive Investor](https://www.ii.co.uk/) •
113 |
114 | **brokers** • **Proprietary Trading Firms** • [FTMO](https://ftmo.com/en/) • [Darwinex](https://www.darwinex.com) •
115 |
116 | **charts** • [TrendSpider](https://trendspider.com) • [AutoChartist](https://www.autochartist.com/) • [yCharts](https://ycharts.com) •
117 |
118 | **charts** • **TradingView** • [TradingView](https://www.tradingview.com/) [[ *docs* • [PineScript V4](https://www.tradingview.com/pine-script-docs/en/v4/Introduction.html) • *features* • [Spark](https://www.tradingview.com/sparks/) • [Formula Charts](https://www.tradingview.com/chart/AAPL/ZtMqr022-Create-Your-Own-Formula-and-Chart-It/) • [Heatmaps](https://www.tradingview.com/heatmap/stock/?color=change&dataset=SPX500&group=sector&size=market_cap_basic) • *education* • [Kodify](https://kodify.net/tradingview-programming-articles/) • [TradingCode](https://www.tradingcode.net/tradingview-pine-script-course/) • *status* • [Status](https://status.tradingview.com) ]] •
119 |
120 | **charts** • **MetaTrader** • [MetaTrader 5](https://www.metatrader5.com) [[ *docs* [MetaQuotes (MQL5)](https://www.metatrader5.com/en/automated-trading/mql5) ]] •
121 |
122 | **open source** • [agora](https://github.com/HP4k1h5/agora/) • [ghostfolio](https://github.com/ghostfolio/ghostfolio/) •
123 |
124 | **portfolio** • **analysis** • [Portfolio Performance](https://www.portfolio-performance.info/en/) •
125 |
126 | **portfolio** • **risk management** • [Ziggma](https://ziggma.com/) • [Risk-O](http://www.risk-o.com/) •
127 |
128 | **portfolio** • **trading journals** • [EdgeWonk](https://edgewonk.com) • [TradesViz](https://www.tradesviz.com) • [TraderVue](https://www.tradervue.com) •
129 |
130 | ---
131 |
132 |
133 |
134 | • QUANT •
135 |
136 | essentials
137 |
138 | ---
139 |
140 | • [GitHub](https://github.com/) • [DataCamp](https://www.datacamp.com) • [Kaggle](https://www.kaggle.com) • [Tradologics](https://tradologics.com/) •
141 |
142 | ---
143 |
144 |
145 |
146 | algorithmic trading
147 |
148 | ---
149 |
150 | **backtest** • [QuantRocket](https://www.quantrocket.com) • [Blueshift](https://blueshift.quantinsti.com) • [TradingView](https://www.tradingview.com/) • [Tradewell](https://www.tradewell.app/)
151 |
152 | **backtest** • **Backtrader** • [Backtrader](https://backtrader.com) • [Data Feeds](https://www.backtrader.com/docu/datafeed/) •
153 |
154 | **backtest** • **QuantConnect** • [QuantConnect](https://www.quantconnect.com) [[ *features* • [LEAN Trading Engine](https://www.lean.io) • [LEAN CLI](https://www.lean.io/cli/) ]] •
155 |
156 | **backtest** • **TradingView PineScript** • [PineScript Libraries](https://www.tradingview.com/pine-script-docs/en/v5/concepts/Libraries.html) •
157 |
158 | **education** • **TradingView PineScript** • [PineCoders](https://www.pinecoders.com/) • [PineScript V4 Docs](https://www.tradingview.com/pine-script-docs/en/v4/Introduction.html) •
159 |
160 | **strategy automation** • [Tradologics](https://tradologics.com/) • [Bots.io](https://www.bots.io) • [BreakingEquity](https://www.breakingequity.com) •
161 |
162 | ---
163 |
164 |
165 |
166 | python
167 |
168 | ---
169 |
170 | **environment** • [Repl.it](https://replit.com/) • [PythonAnywhere](https://www.pythonanywhere.com/) • [Anaconda](https://www.anaconda.com/) • [DataLore](https://datalore.jetbrains.com/) • [Deepnote](https://deepnote.com/) •
171 |
172 | **environment** • **IDEs** • [Python in VS Code](https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/python/python-tutorial) • [Spyder](https://www.spyder-ide.org/) • [DataSpell](https://www.jetbrains.com/dataspell/) •
173 |
174 | **package managers** • [Python Package Index](https://pypi.org/) • [pip](https://pypi.org/project/pip/) • [pipenv](https://pypi.org/project/pipenv/) • [conda](https://docs.conda.io/en/latest/) • [poetry](https://python-poetry.org/) •
175 |
176 | **packages** • **data retrieval** • [yfinance](https://pypi.org/project/yfinance/) • [tiingo](https://pypi.org/project/tiingo/) • [tradingview-ta](https://pypi.org/project/tradingview-ta/) •
177 |
178 | **packages** • **data storage** • [PyStore](https://pypi.org/project/PyStore/) •
179 |
180 | **packages** • **data visualization** • [bqplot](https://pypi.org/project/bqplot/) •
181 |
182 | **resources** • [Python Org](https://www.python.org/) •
183 |
184 |
185 |
186 | postgre sql
187 |
188 | ---
189 |
190 | **environment** • [Supabase](https://supabase.com/) •
191 |
192 | **resources** • [PostgreSQL Org](https://www.postgresql.org/) •
193 |
194 |
195 |
196 | tools
197 |
198 | ---
199 |
200 | **environment** • [GitHub Codespaces](https://github.com/features/codespaces) • [CodeSandbox](https://codesandbox.io) •
201 |
202 | **environment** • **vs code** • [Visual Studio Code](https://code.visualstudio.com) • [Getting started](https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/introvideos/basics) •
203 |
204 | **tunnel** • [Ngrox](https://ngrok.com) •
205 |
206 | **version control** • [GitHub](https://github.com/) • [GitHub Docs](https://docs.github.com/) • [Awesome READMEs](https://awesomegithubprofile.tech) •
207 |
208 | ---
209 |
210 |
211 |
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4 |
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6 |
7 | ---
8 |
9 | # Commitment of Traders (COT) report
10 |
11 | resources
12 |
13 | ---
14 |
15 | - [CFTC | The Commodity Futures Trading Commission](https://www.cftc.gov/MarketReports/CommitmentsofTraders/index.htm)
16 | - [investopedia | COT Reports](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/cot.asp)
17 | - [cotreports.org | COT Reports](https://www.cotreports.org/)
18 | - [tradingster.com | COT Reports](https://www.tradingster.com)
19 |
20 | ---
21 |
22 |
23 |
24 | The Commodity Futures Trading Commission (Commission or CFTC) publishes the Commitments of Traders (COT) reports to help the public understand market dynamics. Specifically, the COT reports provide a breakdown of each Tuesday’s open interest for futures and options on futures markets in which 20 or more traders hold positions equal to or above the reporting levels established by the CFTC.
25 |
26 | The COT reports are based on position data supplied by reporting firms (FCMs, clearing members, foreign brokers and exchanges). While the position data is supplied by reporting firms, the actual trader category or classification is based on the predominant business purpose self-reported by traders on the CFTC Form 401 and is subject to review by CFTC staff for reasonableness.2 CFTC staff does not know specific reasons for traders’ positions and hence this information does not factor in determining trader classifications. In practice this means, for example, that the position data for a trader classified in the "producer/merchant/processor/user" category for a particular commodity will include all of its positions in that commodity, regardless of whether the position is for hedging or speculation. Note that traders are able to report business purpose by commodity and, therefore, can have different classifications in the COT reports for different commodities. For one of the reports, Traders in Financial Futures, traders are classified in the same category for all commodities.
27 |
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6 |
7 | ---
8 | # Digital currencies
9 |
10 | ## Central bank digital currencies (CBDCs)
11 |
12 | resources
13 |
14 | ---
15 |
16 | - [BIS | Digital currencies and the future of the monetary system](https://www.bis.org/speeches/sp210127.htm)
17 | - [BIS | CBDCs beyond borders: results from a survey of central banks](https://www.bis.org/publ/bppdf/bispap116.htm)
18 | - [BIS | Central bank digital currencies](https://www.bis.org/cpmi/publ/d174.htm)
19 | - [BIS | Central bank digital currencies: foundational principles and core features(https://www.bis.org/publ/othp33.htm)
20 | - [BIS | Fintech and payments: regulating digital payment services and e-money](https://www.bis.org/fsi/publ/insights33.htm)
21 |
22 | ---
23 |
24 |
25 |
26 | Extract from: [NASDAQ | Central bank digital currencies get full BIS backing](https://www.nasdaq.com/articles/central-bank-digital-currencies-get-full-bis-backing-2021-06-23)
27 |
28 | > The Bank for International Settlements (BIS) has given its full backing to the development of central bank digital currencies (CBDCs), saying they are needed to modernize finance and ensure 'Big Tech' does not take control of money.
29 | >
30 | > Dubbed the central bank to the world's central banks, the BIS, which is coordinating many of their discussions on digital currencies, set out recommendations, in June 2021, on how a CBDC such as a digital dollar, euro, yen or yuan should look.
31 |
32 | Extract from: [Central banks and the BIS explore what a retail CBDC might look like](https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/news/2021/september/bis-press-release)
33 |
34 | > Seven central banks and the BIS take forward their work on retail central bank digital currencies and analyse policy options and practical implementation issues
35 | >
36 | > New set of reports explores how CBDCs could best meet users’ future needs through developing interoperable systems that support private innovation while preserving public trust
37 | >
38 | > Extensive cooperation and dialogue will be required to develop and run a CBDC, preserving the centrality of central bank money for future systems that anchor public trust and support public welfare
39 | >
40 | > Building on an initial report outlining foundational principles for CBDCs [published in 2020](https://www.bis.org/press/p201009.htm) Opens in a new window, the group formed by Bank of Canada, Bank of England, Bank of Japan, European Central Bank, Federal Reserve, Sveriges Riksbank, Swiss National Bank and BIS has now turned to practical policy and implementation issues. While none of these central banks has yet decided to proceed with a retail CBDC, they believe continuing to work on the topic is key, due to its wide-ranging implications.
41 |
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6 |
7 | ---
8 | # Forex & Currencies Trading
9 |
10 | resources
11 |
12 | ---
13 |
14 | - [Investopedia | Forex & Currencies Trading](https://www.investopedia.com/forex-and-currencies-trading-4689676)
15 | - [Investopedia | Cross Currency](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/crosscurrency.asp)
16 | - [Investopedia | Cross Currency Triangulation](https://www.investopedia.com/articles/forex/09/currency-cross-triangulation.asp)
17 | - [BabyPips | Safe Haven Currencies](https://www.babypips.com/forexpedia/safe-haven-currencies)
18 |
19 | ---
20 |
21 |
22 |
23 | **Foreign exchange (forex) and currency trading** refers to simultaneously buying one currency and selling another, or vice versa, in the hope that one currency will strengthen against the other.
24 |
25 | ## Cross Currency Triangulation
26 |
27 | A **cross currency** refers to a **forex transaction** that does not involve the **U.S. dollar** as a contract settlement currency. Common cross currency pairs involve the **Euro** and the **Japanese yen**.
28 |
29 | **The basic cross exchange rate formula**
30 |
31 | ```
32 | A/B x B/C = C/B
33 | ```
34 |
35 | **Examples**
36 |
37 | - EUR/GBP = EUR/USD divided by GBP/US
38 | - GBP/CHF = GBP/USD x USD/CHF
39 | - AUD/NZD bid = AUD/USD bid divided by NZD/USD offer = a certain rate
40 | - AUD/NZD offer = AUD/USD offer divided by NZD/USD bid = a rate
41 |
42 | ## Safe Haven Currencies
43 |
44 | Safe haven currencies are currencies that are expected to retain or increase in value during periods geopolitical macroeconomic stress.
45 |
46 | The **U.S. dollar (USD)**, along with the **Japanese yen (JPY)** and **Swiss franc (CHF)** are considered safe-haven currencies.
47 |
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6 |
7 | ---
8 |
9 | # Financial Markets History
10 |
11 | ---
12 |
13 | | **1820s** | description |
14 | | -------------- | -------------------------------- |
15 | | 1825 | December 14, 1825, first modern economic crisis took place in England, U.K. **The Panic of 1825** was triggered when The crisis came to a head on Dec. 14, 1825, when London bank Pole & Co. failed, triggering a wave of 40 other bank failures. The resulting panic sent the London stock market tumbling 80%. This nearly brought down the Bank of England and economists believe the it was the first example of an economic crisis that wasn't triggered by an external event, such as a war or other geopolitical development |
16 | ---
17 |
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6 |
7 | ---
8 | # Gross domestic product (GDP)
9 |
10 | resources
11 |
12 | ---
13 |
14 | - [WorldBank | Gross domestic product ranking table](https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/gdp-ranking)
15 | - [WorldBank | Gross domestic product ranking table based on purchasing power parity (PPP)](https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/gdp-ranking-ppp-based)
16 | - [ECB | EU GDP, output and demand](https://www.ecb.europa.eu/stats/macroeconomic_and_sectoral/gdp_output_demand/html/index.en.html)
17 | - [BEA | US GDP](https://www.bea.gov/data/gdp/gross-domestic-product)
18 | - [TradingEconomics | Countries by GDP](https://tradingeconomics.com/country-list/gdp)
19 | - [Investopedia | Countries by GDP: The Top 25 Economies in the World](https://www.investopedia.com/insights/worlds-top-economies/)
20 |
21 | ---
22 |
23 |
24 |
25 | Gross domestic product (GDP) is the total monetary or market value of all the finished goods and services produced within a country’s borders in a specific time period. As a broad measure of overall domestic production, it functions as a comprehensive scorecard of a given country’s economic health.
26 |
27 | ## GDP flavors
28 |
29 | Several popular ways to measure GDP, all of which are drawn from the World Bank database:
30 |
31 | - Nominal GDP in Current U.S. Dollars: This is the most basic and common way of measuring and comparing GDP among countries, using local prices and currencies converted into U.S. dollars using currency market exchange rates. This is the number that was used to determine the countries' rankings in the top 25 list.
32 | - Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) Adjusted GDP in Current International Dollars: This is an alternative way of comparing nominal GDP among countries, adjusting currencies based on what basket of goods they could buy in those countries rather than currency exchange rates. This is a way to adjust for the difference in the cost of living between different countries.
33 | - GDP Growth: This is the annual percent growth rate of nominal GDP in local prices and currencies, which estimates how fast a country’s economy is growing.
34 | - GDP Per Capita, in Current U.S. Dollars: This is nominal GDP divided by the number of people in a country. GDP per capita measures how much a country’s economy produces per person, rather than in total. This can also act as a very rough measure of income or standard of living for individuals living in a country.
35 |
36 | Richest countries in the world by GDP in 2021
37 |
38 | 1. United States
39 | 2. China
40 | 3. Japan
41 | 4. Germany
42 | 5. India
43 | 6. United Kingdom
44 | 7. France
45 | 8. Italy
46 | 9. Brazil
47 | 10. Canada
48 | 11. Russia
49 | 12. South Korea
50 | 13. Australia
51 | 14. Spain
52 | 15. Mexico
53 | 16. Indonesia
54 | 17. Netherlands
55 | 18. Saudi Arabia
56 | 19. Turkey
57 | 20. Switzerland
58 | 21. Poland
59 | 22. Thailand
60 | 23. Sweden
61 | 24. Belgium
62 | 25. Nigeria
63 |
64 |
65 |
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/docs/finance_macroeconomics/world-economic-outlook.md:
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4 |
5 | [//]: # "END - Navigation between Markdown pages inside of GitHub."
6 |
7 | ---
8 |
9 | # World Economic Outlook
10 |
11 | The [International Monetary Fund (IMF)](https://www.imf.org/) Survey on [**World Economic Outlook**](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/weo) presents IMF staff economists' analyses of global economic developments during the near and medium term. Chapters give an overview as well as more detailed analysis of the world economy; consider issues affecting industrial countries, developing countries, and economies in transition to market; and address topics of pressing current interest. Annexes, boxes, charts, and an extensive statistical appendix augment the text.
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/docs/finance_research/commodities.md:
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4 |
5 | [//]: # “END - Navigation between Markdown pages inside of GitHub.”
6 |
7 | —
8 |
9 | # Software Companies
10 |
11 |
12 | | company | mission statement |
13 | | -————————————— | ———————————————————————————————————— |
14 | | [Cloudflare](https://www.cloudflare.com/) | Cloudflare is a global network designed to make everything you connect to the Internet secure, private, fast, and reliable. Product: [CDN](https://www.cloudflare.com/cdn/), [JS CDN](https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/), [SASE](https://www.cloudflare.com/cloudflare-one/), [API Shield](https://www.cloudflare.com/apishield/) |
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/docs/finance_research/data-companies.md:
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4 |
5 | [//]: # "END - Navigation between Markdown pages inside of GitHub."
6 |
7 | ---
8 |
9 | # Data, ML and AI Companies
10 |
11 | resources
12 |
13 | ---
14 |
15 | - [Investopedia | Big Data](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/b/big-data.asp)
16 |
17 | ---
18 |
19 |
20 |
21 | Big data refers to the large, diverse sets of information that grow at ever-increasing rates. It encompasses the volume of information, the velocity or speed at which it is created and collected, and the variety or scope of the data points being covered (known as the "three v's" of big data).
22 |
23 | | company | mission statement |
24 | | ---------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
25 | | [C3.AI](https://c3.ai) | Solving the previously unsolvable |
26 | | [DataBricks](https://databricks.com/) | Unify your data, analytics, and AIon one common platform for all data use cases |
27 | | [GoDataDriven](https://godatadriven.com) | Driving Your Success With Data and AI |
28 | | [Palantir](https://www.palantir.com) | We build software that empowers organizations to effectively integrate their data, decisions, and operations |
29 |
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/docs/finance_research/software-companies.md:
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4 |
5 | [//]: # "END - Navigation between Markdown pages inside of GitHub."
6 |
7 | ---
8 |
9 | # Software Companies
10 |
11 |
12 | | company | mission statement |
13 | | ---------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
14 | | [Cloudflare](https://www.cloudflare.com/) | Cloudflare is a global network designed to make everything you connect to the Internet secure, private, fast, and reliable. Product: [CDN](https://www.cloudflare.com/cdn/), [JS CDN](https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/), [SASE](https://www.cloudflare.com/cloudflare-one/), [API Shield](https://www.cloudflare.com/apishield/) |
15 | | [Microsoft](https://www.microsoft.com/) | Empower every person and every organisation on the planet to achieve more. Product: [Viva](https://www.microsoft.com/en-gb/microsoft-viva/insights), [GitHub](https://github.com/), [VS Code](https://code.visualstudio.com/), [Microsoft 365](https://www.microsoft.com/en-gb/microsoft-365), XBox, Windows, Office Suite |
16 |
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/docs/finance_technical-analysis/autoregressive-integrated-ma.md:
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5 | [//]: # "END - Navigation between Markdown pages inside of GitHub."
6 |
7 | ---
8 |
9 | # Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA)
10 |
11 | resources
12 |
13 | ---
14 |
15 | - [Investopedia | Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/a/autoregressive-integrated-moving-average-arima.asp)
16 |
17 | ---
18 |
19 |
20 |
21 | An autoregressive integrated moving average, or ARIMA, is a statistical analysis model that uses time series data to either better understand the data set or to predict future trends.
22 |
23 | A statistical model is autoregressive if it predicts future values based on past values. For example, an ARIMA model might seek to predict a stock's future prices based on its past performance or forecast a company's earnings based on past periods.
24 |
25 | ### An ARIMA model components
26 |
27 | - `Autoregression (AR)`
28 | - refers to a model that shows a changing variable that regresses on its own lagged, or prior, values.
29 | - `Integrated (I)`
30 | - represents the differencing of raw observations to allow for the time series to become stationary
31 | - i.e., data values are replaced by the difference between the data values and the previous values.
32 | - `Moving average (MA)`
33 | - incorporates the dependency between an observation and a residual error from a moving average model applied to lagged observations.
34 |
35 | ### ARIMA Parameters
36 |
37 | Each component in ARIMA functions as a parameter with a standard notation. For ARIMA models, a standard notation would be ARIMA with p, d, and q, where integer values substitute for the parameters to indicate the type of ARIMA model used. The parameters can be defined as:
38 |
39 | - `p` : the number of lag observations in the model; also known as the lag order.
40 | - `d` : the number of times that the raw observations are differenced; also known as the degree of differencing.
41 | - `q` : the size of the moving average window; also known as the order of the moving average.
42 |
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/docs/finance_technical-analysis/balance-of-power.md:
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5 | [//]: # "END - Navigation between Markdown pages inside of GitHub."
6 |
7 | ---
8 |
9 | # Balance of Power (BoP)
10 |
11 | resources
12 |
13 | ---
14 |
15 | - [TheForexGeek | Balance of Power (BoP)](https://theforexgeek.com/balance-of-power/)
16 | - [MarketVolume | Balance of Power (BoP)](https://www.marketvolume.com/technicalanalysis/balanceofpower.asp)
17 |
18 | ---
19 |
20 |
21 |
22 | The Balance of Power indicator developed by Igor Livshen is a typical oscillator that indicates trend continuation and reversal.
23 |
24 | ### Formula
25 |
26 | ```
27 | BOP = SMA of [ (Close - Open) / (High - Low) ]
28 | ```
29 |
30 | ### Strategy
31 |
32 | A simple trading system based on the Balance of Power indicator would suggest to
33 |
34 | - `buy` when **BOP becomes positive** as it crosses above `zero line`
35 | - `sell` when **BOP becomes negative** as it crosses below `zero line`
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/docs/index.md:
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2 |
3 | ••• **[home](/README.md)** ••• **[docs](/docs/index.md)** ••• **[scripts](/scripts/index.md)** •••
4 |
5 | [//]: # "END - Navigation between Markdown pages inside of GitHub."
6 |
7 | ---
8 |
9 | # Index
10 |
11 | - [Financial Markets History](/docs/finance_history.md)
12 | - [Research Papers](/docs/research_papers.md)
13 | - [Terminology](/docs/terminology.md)
14 |
15 | ## Finance
16 |
17 | ### Data
18 |
19 | - [Commitment of Traders (COT)](/docs/finance_data/cot_commitments-of-traders.md)
20 |
21 | ### Forex
22 |
23 | - [Digital currencies](/docs/finance_forex/digital-currencies.md)
24 | - [Forex concepts](/docs/finance_forex/forex-concepts.md)
25 |
26 | ### Macroeconomics
27 |
28 | - [Gross Domestic Product (GDP)](/docs/finance_macroeconomics/gdp_gross-domestic-product.md)
29 | - [World Economic Outlook](/docs/finance_macroeconomics/world-economic-outlook.md)
30 |
31 | ### Research
32 |
33 | - [Data companies](/docs/finance_research/data-companies.md)
34 | - [Software companies](/docs/finance_research/software-companies.md)
35 |
36 | ### Technical analysis
37 |
38 | - [Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA)](/docs/finance_technical-analysis/autoregressive-integrated-ma.md)
39 | - [Balance of Power (BoP)](/docs/finance_technical-analysis/balance-of-power.md)
40 |
41 | ## Quant
42 |
43 | ### Python
44 |
45 | - [Python](/docs/quant_python/python.md)
46 | - [Zen of Python](/docs/quant_python/python_zen.md)
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/docs/quant_python/python.md:
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2 |
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4 |
5 | [//]: # "END - Navigation between Markdown pages inside of GitHub."
6 |
7 | ---
8 |
9 | # Python
10 |
11 | resources
12 |
13 | ---
14 |
15 | - [Python.org](https://www.python.org)
16 |
17 | ---
18 |
19 |
20 |
21 | ## Basic commands
22 |
23 | ### Environment variables
24 |
25 | ``` python
26 | """ lists environment variables, and splits elements in path variable """
27 | import os
28 |
29 | for k, v in sorted(os.environ.items()):
30 | print(k+':', v)
31 | print('\n')
32 | # list elements in path environment variable
33 | [print(item) for item in os.environ['PATH'].split(';')]
34 | ```
35 |
36 | This script has been saved in [print_env_var.py](/scripts/python/utils/print_env_var.py) and can be run directly from GitHub using
37 |
38 | ```bash
39 | curl -sSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/dMLTquant/dMLTresearch/main/scripts/python/utils/print_env_var.py | python3 -
40 | ```
41 |
42 | ### Help
43 |
44 | ```bash
45 | python -h
46 | ```
47 |
48 | ### List Python Packages
49 |
50 | #### List globally installed packages and their version
51 |
52 | ```bash
53 | pip list
54 | ```
55 |
56 | #### List locally installed packages
57 |
58 | By default pip installs packages globally. In order to list packages that have been installed locally with the `–user` option can also be listed using the same `–user` option
59 |
60 | ```bash
61 | pip list --user
62 | ```
63 |
64 | ### Poetry
65 |
66 | #### Install
67 |
68 | ```bash
69 | curl -sSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/python-poetry/poetry/master/get-poetry.py | python -
70 | ```
71 |
72 | #### Uninstall
73 |
74 | ```bash
75 | curl -sSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/sdispater/poetry/master/get-poetry.py | python - --uninstall
76 | ```
77 |
78 | ### Run module `-m`
79 |
80 | Python can import a module or package when you use the `-m` [command-line flag](https://docs.python.org/2/using/cmdline.html#cmdoption-m)
81 |
82 | ```bash
83 | python -m pip list
84 | ```
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/docs/quant_python/python_zen.md:
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2 |
3 | ••• **[home](/README.md)** ••• **[docs](/docs/index.md)** ••• **[scripts](/scripts/index.md)** •••
4 |
5 | [//]: # "END - Navigation between Markdown pages inside of GitHub."
6 |
7 | ---
8 |
9 | # Zen of Python
10 |
11 | resources
12 |
13 | ---
14 |
15 | - [PEP 20 -- The Zen of Python](https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0020/)
16 |
17 | ---
18 |
19 |
20 |
21 | ## Abstract
22 |
23 | Long time Pythoneer Tim Peters succinctly channels the BDFL's guiding principles for Python's design into 20 aphorisms, only 19 of which have been written down.
24 |
25 | - Beautiful is better than ugly.
26 | - Explicit is better than implicit.
27 | - Simple is better than complex.
28 | - Complex is better than complicated.
29 | - Flat is better than nested.
30 | - Sparse is better than dense.
31 | - Readability counts.
32 | - Special cases aren't special enough to break the rules.
33 | - Although practicality beats purity.
34 | - Errors should never pass silently.
35 | - Unless explicitly silenced.
36 | - In the face of ambiguity, refuse the temptation to guess.
37 | - There should be one-- and preferably only one --obvious way to do it.
38 | - Although that way may not be obvious at first unless you're Dutch.
39 | - Now is better than never.
40 | - Although never is often better than *right* now.
41 | - If the implementation is hard to explain, it's a bad idea.
42 | - If the implementation is easy to explain, it may be a good idea.
43 | - **[Namespaces](https://www.programiz.com/python-programming/namespace) are one honking great idea -- let's do more of those!**
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2 |
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4 |
5 | [//]: # "END - Navigation between Markdown pages inside of GitHub."
6 |
7 | ---
8 |
9 | # Research Papers
10 |
11 | ---
12 |
13 | - [SSRN | Are Carry, Momentum and Value Still There in Currencies?](https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4024296)
14 | - [SSRN | Attention Induced Trading and Returns: Evidence from Robinhood Users](https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3715077)
15 | - [SSRN | Hot Off the Press: News-implied Sovereign Default Risk](https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3955052)
16 | - [SSRN | How to Lose Money in Derivatives: Examples from Hedge Funds and Bank Trading Departments](https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2433506)
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2 |
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4 |
5 | [//]: # "END - Navigation between Markdown pages inside of GitHub."
6 |
7 | ---
8 |
9 | # Terminology
10 |
11 | ---
12 |
13 | | **A** | description |
14 | | --------------| --------------------------------|
15 | | Alternative Trading System (ATS) | [SEC.gov](https://www.sec.gov/foia/docs/atslist.htm): An ATS is a trading system that meets the definition of *exchange* under federal securities laws but is not required to register as a national securities exchange |
16 | ---
17 |
18 | | **B** | description |
19 | | --------------| --------------------------------|
20 | | Black Swan | An event that is unforeseen but with huge, possibly catastrophic, impact |
21 | | Block trade | [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Block_trade): A block trade is a high-volume transaction in a security that is privately negotiated and executed outside of the open market for that security |
22 |
23 | ---
24 |
25 | | **D** | description |
26 | | --------------| --------------------------------|
27 | | Dark Pool | [Bloomberg](https://www.bloomberg.com/quicktake/dark-pools?sref=Z5qqhyAL): Private stock markets housed inside some of Wall Street’s biggest banks |
28 |
29 | ---
30 |
31 | | **G** | description |
32 | | --------------| --------------------------------|
33 | | Gray Rhino | Highly probable events, also with significant impact, yet seemingly ignored or neglected until it’s too late. _Gray Rhinos are usually surrounded by other Gray Rhinos and aptly enough, the zoological term for a group of rhinos is a “crash”! The important difference between the Black Swan and the Gray Rhino is that, with the latter, you have a choice. As Wucker says “Either you get trampled or you get out of the way, or you can hop on the back of the rhino and use the crisis as opportunity.”_ Source: [arete.ateneo.edu: Of Black Swans and Gray Rhinos](https://arete.ateneo.edu/connect/of-black-swans-and-gray-rhinos) |
34 |
35 | ---
36 |
37 | | **Q** | description |
38 | | --------------| --------------------------------|
39 | | Quantitative easing | [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantitative_easing): Quantitative easing (QE) is a monetary policy whereby a central bank purchases predetermined amounts of government bonds or other financial assets (e.g., municipal bonds, corporate bonds, stocks, etc.) in order to inject money into the economy to expand economic activity. The aim is to reduce the cost of borrowing across the entire economy. |
40 |
41 | ---
42 |
43 | | **R** | description |
44 | | --------------| --------------------------------|
45 | | ROI | Return On Investment |
46 |
47 | ---
48 |
49 | | **S** | description |
50 | | --------------| --------------------------------|
51 | | Santa Claus Rally | The term was first introduced in 1972, when author and analyst Yale Hirsch, first referenced the Santa Claus rally in "The Stock Trader's Almanac". [Investopedia](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/santaclauseffect.asp): A Santa Claus rally describes a sustained increase in the stock market that occurs in the last week of December through the first two trading days in January. |
52 | | Systematic trading | [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systematic_trading): Systematic trading (also known as mechanical trading) is a way of defining trade goals, risk controls and rules that can make investment and trading decisions in a methodical way |
53 |
54 | ---
55 |
56 | | **T** | description |
57 | | --------------| --------------------------------|
58 | | Tick size | [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tick_size): In financial markets, the tick size is the smallest price increment in which the prices are quoted. The meaning of the term varies depending on whether stocks, bonds, or futures are being quoted |
59 | | Treasury Yield | [Investopedia](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/t/treasury-yield.asp): Treasury Yield is the return on investment, expressed as a percentage, on the U.S. government's debt obligations. |
60 |
61 | ---
62 |
63 | | **Y** | description |
64 | | --------------| --------------------------------|
65 | | Yield | [Investopedia](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/y/yield.asp): Yield refers to the earnings generated and realized on an investment over a particular period of time. |
66 |
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/scripts/index.md:
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2 |
3 | ••• **[home](/README.md)** ••• **[docs](/docs/index.md)** ••• **[scripts](/scripts/index.md)** •••
4 |
5 | [//]: # "END - Navigation between Markdown pages inside of GitHub."
6 |
7 | ---
8 |
9 | # Index
10 |
11 | ## Python
12 |
13 | You can run scripts directly using `curl`
14 |
15 | ```bash
16 | curl -sSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/dMLTquant/dMLTresearch/main/scripts/python/utils/[SCRIPT_NAME].py | python3 -
17 | ```
18 |
19 | ### Utils
20 |
21 | - [print_env_var.py](/scripts/python/utils/print_env_var.py)
22 |
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/scripts/python/utils/print_env_var.py:
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1 | """ lists environment variables, and splits elements in path variable """
2 | import os
3 |
4 | for k, v in sorted(os.environ.items()):
5 | print(k + ':', v)
6 | print('\n')
7 | # list elements in path environment variable
8 | [print(item) for item in os.environ['PATH'].split(';')]
9 |
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1 |
2 |
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