├── .gitignore
├── Caldera-license.pdf
├── README.md
├── man0
    ├── aa
    ├── aam
    ├── basinf
    ├── headrc
    ├── index
    ├── intro
    ├── toc
    ├── tocrc
    └── xx
├── man1
    ├── :.1
    ├── ar.1
    ├── as.1
    ├── bas.1
    ├── cat.1
    ├── cc.1
    ├── cdb.1
    ├── chdir.1
    ├── chmod.1
    ├── chown.1
    ├── cmp.1
    ├── cp.1
    ├── cref.1
    ├── crypt.1
    ├── date.1
    ├── db.1
    ├── dc.1
    ├── df.1
    ├── dsw.1
    ├── du.1
    ├── echo.1
    ├── ed.1
    ├── exit.1
    ├── factor.1
    ├── fc.1
    ├── fed.1
    ├── form.1
    ├── forml.1
    ├── goto.1
    ├── hyphen.1
    ├── if.1
    ├── ld.1
    ├── ln.1
    ├── login.1
    ├── ls.1
    ├── m6.1
    ├── mail.1
    ├── man.1
    ├── mesg.1
    ├── mkdir.1
    ├── mt.1
    ├── mv.1
    ├── nm.1
    ├── nroff.1
    ├── od.1
    ├── opr.1
    ├── ov.1
    ├── passwd.1
    ├── pr.1
    ├── proof.1
    ├── reloc.1
    ├── rew.1
    ├── rm.1
    ├── rmdir.1
    ├── roff.1
    ├── sh.1
    ├── size.1
    ├── sno.1
    ├── sort.1
    ├── speak.1
    ├── split.1
    ├── stat.1
    ├── strip.1
    ├── stty.1
    ├── sum.1
    ├── tap.1
    ├── time.1
    ├── tmg.1
    ├── tss.1
    ├── tty.1
    ├── type.1
    ├── typo.1
    ├── un.1
    ├── uniq.1
    ├── vs.1
    ├── wc.1
    ├── who.1
    └── write.1
├── man2
    ├── boot.2
    ├── break.2
    ├── cemt.2
    ├── chdir.2
    ├── chmod.2
    ├── chown.2
    ├── close.2
    ├── creat.2
    ├── csw.2
    ├── dup.2
    ├── exec.2
    ├── exit.2
    ├── fork.2
    ├── fpe.2
    ├── fstat.2
    ├── getuid.2
    ├── gtty.2
    ├── ilgins.2
    ├── intr.2
    ├── kill.2
    ├── link.2
    ├── makdir.2
    ├── mdate.2
    ├── mount.2
    ├── nice.2
    ├── open.2
    ├── pipe.2
    ├── quit.2
    ├── read.2
    ├── rele.2
    ├── seek.2
    ├── setuid.2
    ├── sleep.2
    ├── stat.2
    ├── stime.2
    ├── stty.2
    ├── sync.2
    ├── time.2
    ├── times.2
    ├── umount.2
    ├── unlink.2
    ├── wait.2
    └── write.2
├── man3
    ├── atan.3
    ├── atof.3
    ├── atoi.3
    ├── compar.3
    ├── crypt.3
    ├── ctime.3
    ├── ddsput.3
    ├── ecvt.3
    ├── exp.3
    ├── ftoa.3
    ├── ftoo.3
    ├── gerts.3
    ├── getc.3
    ├── hypot.3
    ├── itoa.3
    ├── log.3
    ├── mesg.3
    ├── nlist.3
    ├── pow.3
    ├── ptime.3
    ├── putc.3
    ├── qsort.3
    ├── rand.3
    ├── salloc.3
    ├── sin.3
    ├── sqrt.3
    ├── switch.3
    └── ttyn.3
├── man4
    ├── dc.4
    ├── dn.4
    ├── dp.4
    ├── kl.4
    ├── mem.4
    ├── pc.4
    ├── rf.4
    ├── rk.4
    ├── tc.4
    ├── tm.4
    └── vt.4
├── man5
    ├── a.out.5
    ├── ar.5
    ├── core.5
    ├── dir.5
    ├── fs.5
    ├── passwd.5
    ├── tap.5
    ├── utmp.5
    └── wtmp.5
├── man6
    ├── bc.6
    ├── bj.6
    ├── ptx.6
    └── yacc.6
├── man7
    ├── ascii.7
    ├── dpd.7
    ├── getty.7
    ├── glob.7
    ├── greek.7
    ├── init.7
    ├── msh.7
    ├── tabs.7
    └── vsp.7
├── man8
    ├── 20boot.8
    ├── acct.8
    ├── bproc.8
    ├── check.8
    ├── chk.8
    ├── clri.8
    ├── dcheck.8
    ├── dli.8
    ├── istat.8
    ├── kill.8
    ├── mount.8
    ├── ps.8
    ├── salv.8
    ├── su.8
    ├── swtmp.8
    ├── tm.8
    └── umount.8
├── manx
    ├── as.1
    ├── asmt.cat
    ├── asmt.x
    ├── basic.6
    ├── cal.6
    ├── chash.1
    ├── das.6
    ├── dds.1
    ├── dpt.6
    ├── fptrap.3
    ├── fstrip.1
    ├── ident.5
    ├── kbd.7
    ├── login.7
    ├── lpr.4
    ├── moo.6
    ├── obproc.7
    ├── rp.4
    ├── speakm.5
    ├── ttt.6
    └── uids.5
├── mkall.sh
├── pdfmarks
├── publish.sh
└── site-index.html


/.gitignore:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | v3man.pdf
2 | web
3 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/Caldera-license.pdf:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/dspinellis/unix-v3man/7ac717b0871aca6d67e6f12c24e9fd4d098bffbd/Caldera-license.pdf


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/README.md:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | # The Third Research Edition Unix Programmer's Manual
 2 | 
 3 | [![DOI](https://zenodo.org/badge/111328229.svg)](https://zenodo.org/badge/latestdoi/111328229)
 4 | 
 5 | This repository maintains the tools for formatting and
 6 | making available the *Unix Programmer's Manual*
 7 | (Third Edition, February 1973).
 8 | The generated formatted manual is made available
 9 | [in PDF form](https://dspinellis.github.io/unix-v3man/v3man.pdf).
10 | 
11 | The manual pages and tools are derived from 1973 material unearthed
12 | by [Dennis Ritchie](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dennis_Ritchie), and
13 | [made available](http://www.tuhs.org/Archive/Distributions/Research/Dennis_v3/)
14 | through the [The Unix Heritage Society](http://www.tuhs.org/).
15 | This is the last edition of the manual that was created
16 | in [nroff (line-printed) form](http://www.tuhs.org/Archive/Distributions/Research/Dennis_v3/Readme.v3man) (rather than typeset with *troff*).
17 | I corrected some minor markup
18 | glitches through commits that are recorded in this repository.
19 | You can find the evolution of the manual pages recorded in the
20 | [Unix history repository](https://github.com/dspinellis/unix-history-repo).
21 | Furthermore, you can find the evolution of the corresponding facilities
22 | on a series of tables available
23 | [here](https://dspinellis.github.io/unix-history-man/index.html).
24 | 
25 | ## All manual editions
26 | 
27 | * [First Edition, November 1971](http://www.tuhs.org/Archive/Distributions/Research/Dennis_v1/UNIX_ProgrammersManual_Nov71.pdf)
28 | * [Second Edition, June 1972](http://www.tuhs.org/Archive/Distributions/Research/Dennis_v2/v2man.pdf)
29 | * [Third Edition, February 1973](https://dspinellis.github.io/unix-v3man/v3man.pdf)
30 | * [Fourth Edition, November 1973](https://dspinellis.github.io/unix-v4man/v4man.pdf)
31 | * [Fifth Edition, June 1974](http://www.tuhs.org/Archive/Distributions/Research/Dennis_v5/v5man.pdf)
32 | * [Sixth Edition, May 1975](https://archive.org/download/v6-manual/v6-manual.pdf)
33 | * [Seventh Edition, January 1979, Volume 1](https://s3.amazonaws.com/plan9-bell-labs/7thEdMan/v7vol1.pdf)
34 | * [Seventh Edition, January 1979, Volume 2a](https://s3.amazonaws.com/plan9-bell-labs/7thEdMan/v7vol2a.pdf)
35 | * [Seventh Edition, January 1979, Volume 2b](https://s3.amazonaws.com/plan9-bell-labs/7thEdMan/v7vol2b.pdf)
36 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man0/aa:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | .na
2 | .hc 
3 | .in 16
4 | .fo ''- % -''
5 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man0/aam:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .na
 2 | .hc 
 3 | .in 16
 4 | .fo ''- % -''
 5 | 
 6 | 
 7 | .
 8 | .\" Header trap to display the header
 9 | .de hD
10 | '  sp .5i
11 | . tl \\*(ht
12 | '  sp .3i
13 | ..
14 | .\" Header macro used within the manual pages; setup and display
15 | .de he
16 | . ds ht \\$*
17 | . tl \\*(ht
18 | '  sp .3i
19 | ..
20 | .
21 | .\" Install header trap
22 | .wh 0 hD
23 | 
24 | .\" Numbered page footer
25 | .de fo                \" Page footer
26 | '  sp 1v
27 | .  tl ''- % -''
28 | '  bp
29 | ..
30 | .
31 | .\" Install footer trap
32 | .wh -1i fo            \" trap one inch from bottom
33 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man0/headrc:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | 2s/.*/&&/
2 | s/'[^']*'//
3 | s/'.he //
4 | s/''/'/p
5 | w
6 | q
7 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man0/tocrc:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | ed toc
 2 | /\.xx/;//s/ 	 /(I): /
 3 | /\.xx/;//s/ 	 /(II): /
 4 | /\.xx/;//s/ 	 /(III): /
 5 | /\.xx/;//s/ 	 /(IV): /
 6 | /\.xx/;//s/ 	 /(V): /
 7 | /\.xx/;//s/ 	 /(VI): /
 8 | /\.xx/;//s/ 	 /(VII): /
 9 | /\.xx/;//s/ 	 /(VIII): /
10 | g/\.xx/.-4,.d
11 | g/^\./d
12 | g/^$/d
13 | $d
14 | w xtoc
15 | q
16 | ptx xtoc index
17 | rm xtoc
18 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man0/xx:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'X'Y'X'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		X
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	X
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	X
11 | .sp
12 | .ti 0
13 | FILES		X
14 | .sp
15 | .ti 0
16 | SEE ALSO	X
17 | .sp
18 | .ti 0
19 | DIAGNOSTICS	X
20 | .sp
21 | .ti 0
22 | BUGS		X
23 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/:.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he ': (I)'3/15/72': (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		:  --  place a label
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	:_ [ label ]
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	:_
11 | does nothing.  Its only function is to place
12 | a label for the goto____ command.  :_ is a command
13 | so the Shell doesn't have to be fixed to ignore lines with
14 | :'s.
15 | .sp
16 | .ti 0
17 | FILES		--
18 | .sp
19 | .ti 0
20 | SEE ALSO	goto(I)
21 | .sp
22 | .ti 0
23 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
24 | .sp
25 | .ti 0
26 | BUGS		--
27 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/ar.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'AR (I)'3/15/72'AR (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		ar -- archive
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	ar__ key afile name918 ...
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	ar__
11 | maintains groups of files
12 | combined into a single archive file.
13 | Its main use
14 | is to create and update library files as used by the loader.
15 | It can be used, though, for any similar purpose.
16 | .sp
17 | key___ is one character from the set drtux_____,
18 | optionally concatenated with v_.
19 | afile_____ is the archive file.
20 | The names_____ are constituent files in the archive file.
21 | The meanings of the key___ characters are:
22 | .sp
23 | d_ means delete the named files from the archive file.
24 | .sp
25 | r_ means replace the named files in the archive file.
26 | If the archive file does not exist, r_ will create it.
27 | If the named files are not in the archive file, they are appended.
28 | .sp
29 | t_ prints a table of contents of the archive file.
30 | If no names are given, all files in the archive are tabled.
31 | If names are given, only those files are tabled.
32 | .sp
33 | u_ is similar to r_ except that only those
34 | files that have been modified are replaced.
35 | If no names are given, all files in the archive that
36 | have been modified will be replaced by the modified version.
37 | .sp
38 | x_ will extract the named files.
39 | If no names are given, all files in the archive are
40 | extracted.
41 | In neither case does x_ alter the archive file.
42 | .sp
43 | v_ means verbose.
44 | Under the verbose option,
45 | ar__ gives a file-by-file
46 | description of the making of a
47 | new archive file from the old archive and the constituent files.
48 | The following abbreviations
49 | are used:
50 | .sp
51 |    c_ copy
52 |    a_ append
53 |    d_ delete
54 |    r_ replace
55 |    x_ extract
56 | .sp
57 | .ti 0
58 | FILES		/tmp/vtm?	 temporary
59 | .sp
60 | .ti 0
61 | SEE ALSO	ld(I), archive(V)
62 | .sp
63 | .ti 0
64 | DIAGNOSTICS	"Bad usage",
65 | "afile -- not in archive format",
66 | "cannot open temp file",
67 | "name -- cannot open",
68 | "name -- phase error",
69 | "name -- cannot create",
70 | "no archive file",
71 | "cannot create archive file",
72 | "name -- not found".
73 | .sp
74 | .ti 0
75 | BUGS		Option
76 | vt__ should be implemented as a table with more information.
77 | .sp
78 | There should be a way to specify the placement
79 | of a new file in an archive.
80 | Currently, it is placed at the end.
81 | 
82 | "ar x" changes the modified-date of the current
83 | directory to a random number.
84 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/as.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'AS (I)'1/15/73'AS (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		as -- assembler
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	as__ [ -_ ] name918 ...
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	as__
11 | assembles the concatenation of name\d1\u, ....
12 | If the optional first argument
13 | -_ is used,
14 | all undefined symbols in the assembly
15 | are treated as global.
16 | 
17 | The output of the assembly is left on the file "a.out".
18 | It is executable if no errors occurred
19 | during the assembly.
20 | 
21 | .ti 0
22 | FILES		/etc/as2	pass 2 of the assembler
23 | .br
24 | /tmp/atm1?	temporary
25 | .br
26 | /tmp/atm2?	temporary
27 | .br
28 | /tmp/atm3?	temporary
29 | .br
30 | a.out		object
31 | .sp
32 | .ti 0
33 | SEE ALSO	ld(I),
34 | nm(I),
35 | un(I),
36 | db(I),
37 | a.out(V),
38 | "UNIX Assembler Manual".
39 | .sp
40 | .ti 0
41 | DIAGNOSTICS	When
42 | an input file cannot be read, its name
43 | followed by a question mark is typed and assembly
44 | ceases.
45 | When syntactic or semantic errors occur, a single-character diagnostic is typed out
46 | together with the line number and the file name in which it
47 | occurred.  Errors in pass 1 cause cancellation of pass 2.
48 | The possible errors are:
49 | .sp
50 | .in +6
51 | .ti -6
52 | )  parentheses error
53 | .ti -6
54 | ]  parentheses error
55 | .ti -6
56 | <  String not terminated properly
57 | .ti -6
58 | *  Indirection ("*_") used illegally
59 | .ti -6
60 | .li
61 | .  Illegal assignment to "."
62 | .ti -6
63 | A  error in A_ddress
64 | .ti -6
65 | B  B_ranch instruction is odd or too remote
66 | .ti -6
67 | E  error in E_xpression
68 | .ti -6
69 | F  error in local ("F_" or "b") type symbol
70 | .ti -6
71 | G  G_arbage (unknown) character
72 | .ti -6
73 | I  End of file inside an If__
74 | .ti -6
75 | M  M_ultiply defined symbol as label
76 | .ti -6
77 | O  O_dd-- word quantity assembled at odd address
78 | .ti -6
79 | P  P_hase error-- "." different in pass 1 and 2
80 | .ti -6
81 | R  R_elocation error
82 | .ti -6
83 | U  U_ndefined symbol
84 | .ti -6
85 | X  syntaX_ error
86 | .in -6
87 | .sp
88 | .ti 0
89 | BUGS		Symbol table overflow is not checked.
90 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/cat.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'CAT (I)'1/15/73'CAT (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		cat -- concatenate and print
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	cat___ file918 ...
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	cat___
11 | reads each file in sequence
12 | and writes it on the standard output.
13 | Thus:
14 | .sp
15 | .ti +3
16 | cat___ file____
17 | .sp
18 | is about the easiest way to print a file.
19 | Also:
20 | .sp
21 | .ti +3
22 | cat___ file1_____ file2_____ >file3______
23 | .sp
24 | is about the easiest way to concatenate
25 | files.
26 | .sp
27 | If no input file is given cat___ reads from the standard
28 | input file.
29 | .sp
30 | If the argument "-" is encountered, cat reads from
31 | the standard input file.
32 | .sp
33 | .ti 0
34 | FILES		--
35 | .sp
36 | .ti 0
37 | SEE ALSO	pr(I), cp(I)
38 | .sp
39 | .ti 0
40 | DIAGNOSTICS	none;
41 | if a file cannot be found it is ignored.
42 | .sp
43 | .ti 0
44 | BUGS		cat x y >x  and  cat x y >y  cause strange results.
45 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/cc.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'CC (I)'3/15/72'CC (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		cc -- C compiler
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	cc__ [ -c__ ] sfile\d1\u.c__ ... ofile\d1\u ...
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	cc__
11 | is the UNIX C compiler.
12 | It accepts three types of arguments:
13 | 
14 | Arguments whose names end with ".c" are assumed to be
15 | C source programs; they are compiled, and
16 | the object program is left on the file sfile\d1\u.o (i.e.
17 | the file whose name is that of the source with ".o" substituted
18 | for ".c").
19 | 
20 | Other arguments (except for "-c") are assumed
21 | to be either loader flag arguments, or C-compatible
22 | object programs, typically produced by an earlier cc__ run,
23 | or perhaps libraries of C-compatible routines.
24 | These programs, together with the results of any
25 | compilations specified, are loaded (in the order
26 | given) to produce an executable program with name
27 | a.out_____.
28 | 
29 | The "-c" argument suppresses the loading phase, as does
30 | any syntax error in any of the routines being compiled.
31 | 
32 | .ti 0
33 | FILES		file.c			input file
34 | .nf
35 | file.o			object file
36 | a.out			loaded output
37 | /tmp/ctm?		temporary
38 | /lib/c[01]		compiler
39 | /lib/crt0.o		runtime startoff
40 | /lib/libc.a		builtin functions, etc.
41 | /lib/liba.a		system library
42 | .fi
43 | .sp
44 | .ti 0
45 | SEE ALSO	C reference manual (in preparation), cdb(I)
46 | .sp
47 | .ti 0
48 | DIAGNOSTICS	Diagnostics
49 | are intended to be self-explanatory.
50 | .sp
51 | .ti 0
52 | BUGS		--
53 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/cdb.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'CDB (I)'1/15/73'CDB (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		cdb -- C debugger
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	cdb___ [ core [ a.out ] ]
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	cdb___
11 | is a debugging program for use with C programs.
12 | It is by no means completed,
13 | and this section is essentially only a placeholder
14 | for the actual description.
15 | 
16 | Cdb resembles db__ in many respects, except that
17 | all integers are decimal.
18 | 
19 | Even the present cdb___ has one useful feature:
20 | the command 
21 | 
22 | 	$
23 | 
24 | will give a stack
25 | trace
26 | of the core image of a terminated C program.
27 | The calls are listed in the order made;
28 | the actual arguments to each routine are given
29 | in octal.
30 | .sp
31 | .ti 0
32 | FILES		--
33 | .sp
34 | .ti 0
35 | SEE ALSO	cc(I), db(I), C Reference Manual
36 | .sp
37 | .ti 0
38 | DIAGNOSTICS	"?"
39 | .sp
40 | .ti 0
41 | BUGS		--
42 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/chdir.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'CHDIR (I)'3/15/72'CHDIR (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		chdir -- change working directory
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	chdir_____ directory
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	directory_________
11 | becomes the new working directory.
12 | .sp
13 | Because a new process is created to execute each command,
14 | chdir_____ would be ineffective if it were written as a
15 | normal command.  It is therefore recognized and executed
16 | by the Shell.
17 | .sp
18 | .ti 0
19 | FILES		--
20 | .sp
21 | .ti 0
22 | SEE ALSO	sh(I)
23 | .sp
24 | .ti 0
25 | DIAGNOSTICS	"Bad directory" if the directory cannot
26 | be changed to.
27 | .sp
28 | .ti 0
29 | BUGS		--
30 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/chmod.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'CHMOD (I)'3/15/72'CHMOD (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		chmod -- change mode
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	chmod_____ octal file918 ...
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	The octal mode
11 | replaces the mode of each of the files.
12 | The mode is constructed from the OR of the
13 | following modes:
14 | .sp
15 | .ti +3
16 | 01 write for non-owner
17 | .ti +3
18 | 02 read for non-owner
19 | .ti +3
20 | 04 write for owner
21 | .ti +3
22 | 10 read for owner
23 | .ti +3
24 | 20 executable
25 | .ti +3
26 | 40 set-UID
27 | .sp
28 | Only the owner of a file may change its mode.
29 | .sp
30 | .ti 0
31 | FILES		--
32 | .sp
33 | .ti 0
34 | SEE ALSO	stat(I), ls(I)
35 | .sp
36 | .ti 0
37 | DIAGNOSTICS	"?"
38 | .sp
39 | .ti 0
40 | BUGS		--
41 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/chown.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'CHOWN (I)'3/15/72'CHOWN (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		chown -- change owner
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	chown_____ owner file918 ...
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	owner_____
11 | becomes the new owner of the files.
12 | The owner may be either a decimal UID or
13 | a login name found in the password file.
14 | .sp
15 | Only the owner of a file is allowed to change the owner.
16 | It is illegal to change the owner of a file with the set-user-ID
17 | mode.
18 | .sp
19 | .ti 0
20 | FILES		/etc/passwd
21 | .sp
22 | .ti 0
23 | SEE ALSO	stat(I)
24 | .sp
25 | .ti 0
26 | DIAGNOSTICS	"Who?" if owner cannot be found,
27 | "file?" if file cannot be found.
28 | .sp
29 | .ti 0
30 | BUGS		--
31 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/cmp.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'CMP (I)'1/15/73'CMP (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		cmp -- compare two files
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	cmp___ file918 file928
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	The two files are
11 | compared for identical contents.
12 | Discrepancies are noted
13 | by giving the offset and the differing words,
14 | all in octal.
15 | .sp
16 | .ti 0
17 | FILES		--
18 | .sp
19 | .ti 0
20 | SEE ALSO	proof(I)
21 | .sp
22 | .ti 0
23 | DIAGNOSTICS	Messages
24 | are given for inability to open either argument, premature
25 | EOF on either argument, and incorrect usage.
26 | .sp
27 | .ti 0
28 | BUGS		If
29 | the shorter of the two files is of odd length,
30 | cmp acts as if a null byte had been appended to it.
31 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/cp.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'CP (I)'1/24/73'CP (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		cp -- copy
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	cp__ file918 file928
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	The
11 | first file is copied onto the second.
12 | The mode and owner of the target file
13 | are preserved if it already
14 | existed; the mode of the source file
15 | is used otherwise.
16 | .sp
17 | If file928 is a directory, then the target 
18 | file is a file in that directory with the file-name
19 | of file918.
20 | .sp
21 | .ti 0
22 | FILES		--
23 | .sp
24 | .ti 0
25 | SEE ALSO	cat(I), pr(I), mv(I)
26 | .sp
27 | .ti 0
28 | DIAGNOSTICS	Error returns are
29 | checked at every system call, and
30 | appropriate diagnostics are produced.
31 | .sp
32 | .ti 0
33 | BUGS		Copying
34 | a file onto itself destroys its contents.
35 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/crypt.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'CRYPT (I)'10/23/71'CRYPT (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		crypt -- encode/decode
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	crypt_____ [ password ]
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	crypt_____
11 | is an exact implementation of Boris Hagelin's
12 | cryptographic machine called the M-209 by the U. S. Army [1].
13 | 
14 | crypt_____ reads from the standard input file and writes
15 | on the standard output.
16 | For a given password, the encryption
17 | process is idempotent;
18 | that is,
19 | 
20 | 	crypt znorkle <clear >cypher
21 | 	crypt znorkle <cypher
22 | 
23 | will print the clear.
24 | 
25 | crypt_____ is suitable
26 | for use as a filter:
27 | 
28 | 	pr <"crypt bandersnatch"<cypher
29 | 
30 | .sp
31 | .ti 0
32 | FILES		--
33 | .sp
34 | .ti 0
35 | SEE ALSO	[1] U. S. Patent 2,089,603.
36 | .sp
37 | .ti 0
38 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
39 | .sp
40 | .ti 0
41 | BUGS		--
42 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/date.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'DATE (I)'3/15/72'DATE (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		date -- print and set the date
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	date____ [ mmddhhmm ]
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	If no argument is given, the current date is printed
11 | to the second.
12 | If an argument is given, the current date is set.
13 | mm__ is the month number;
14 | dd__ is the day number in the month;
15 | hh__ is the hour number (24 hour system);
16 | mm__ is the minute number.
17 | For example:
18 | 
19 |       date 10080045
20 | 
21 | sets the date to Oct 8, 12:45 AM.
22 | .sp
23 | .ti 0
24 | FILES		--
25 | .sp
26 | .ti 0
27 | SEE ALSO	--
28 | .sp
29 | .ti 0
30 | DIAGNOSTICS	"?" if the argument is syntactically incorrect.
31 | .sp
32 | .ti 0
33 | BUGS		--
34 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/df.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'DF (I)'1/20/73'DF (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		df -- disk free
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	df__ [ filesystem ]
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	df__
11 | prints out the number of free blocks
12 | available on a file system.
13 | If the file system is unspecified,
14 | the free space on all of
15 | the normally mounted file systems
16 | is printed.
17 | .sp
18 | .ti 0
19 | FILES		/dev/rf?,
20 | /dev/rk?,
21 | /dev/rp?
22 | .sp
23 | .ti 0
24 | SEE ALSO	check(VIII)
25 | .sp
26 | .ti 0
27 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
28 | .sp
29 | .ti 0
30 | BUGS		--
31 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/dsw.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'DSW (I)'3/15/72'DSW (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		dsw  --  delete interactively
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	dsw___ [ directory ]
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	For
11 | each file in the given directory ("." if not specified)
12 | dsw___ types its name.  If "y" is typed, the file is deleted;
13 | if "x", dsw___ exits; if anything else, the file
14 | is not removed.
15 | .sp
16 | .ti 0
17 | FILES		--
18 | .sp
19 | .ti 0
20 | SEE ALSO	rm(I)
21 | .sp
22 | .ti 0
23 | DIAGNOSTICS	"?"
24 | .sp
25 | .ti 0
26 | BUGS		The name "dsw"
27 | is a carryover from the ancient past.  Its etymology is
28 | amusing but the name is nonetheless ill-advised.
29 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/du.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'DU (I)'1/20/73'DU (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		du  --  summarize disk usage
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	du__  [ -s__ ] [ -a__ ] [ name ... ]
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	du__
11 | gives the number of blocks contained in all files
12 | and (recursively) directories within each specified directory or file name____.
13 | If name____ is missing, ._ is used.
14 | 
15 | The optional argument -s__ causes only the grand total to
16 | be given.
17 | The optional argument -a__ causes an entry to be generated
18 | for each file.
19 | Absence of either causes an entry to be generated for
20 | each directory only.
21 | 
22 | A file which has two links to it is only counted once.
23 | .sp
24 | .ti 0
25 | FILES		.
26 | .sp
27 | .ti 0
28 | SEE ALSO	--
29 | .sp
30 | .ti 0
31 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
32 | .sp
33 | .ti 0
34 | BUGS		Non-directories
35 | given as arguments (not under -a option) are not listed.
36 | .sp
37 | Removable
38 | file systems do not work correctly
39 | since i-numbers may be repeated while the corresponding
40 | files are distinct.
41 | Du should maintain an i-number list per root directory
42 | encountered.
43 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/echo.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'ECHO (I)'3/15/72'ECHO (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		echo -- echo arguments 
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	echo____ [ arg89918 ... ]
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	echo____
11 | writes all its arguments in order as a line on the
12 | standard output file.
13 | It is mainly useful for producing diagnostics in command files.
14 | .sp
15 | .ti 0
16 | FILES		--
17 | .sp
18 | .ti 0
19 | SEE ALSO	--
20 | .sp
21 | .ti 0
22 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
23 | .sp
24 | .ti 0
25 | BUGS		--
26 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/exit.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'EXIT(I)'3/15/72'EXIT(I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		exit  --  terminate command file
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	exit____
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	exit____
11 | performs a seek____ to the end of its standard input file.
12 | Thus, if it is invoked inside
13 | a file of commands, upon return from exit____ the shell will
14 | discover an end-of-file and terminate.
15 | .sp
16 | .ti 0
17 | FILES		--
18 | .sp
19 | .ti 0
20 | SEE ALSO	if(I), goto(I), sh(I)
21 | .sp
22 | .ti 0
23 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
24 | .sp
25 | .ti 0
26 | BUGS		--
27 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/factor.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'FACTOR (I)'1/15/73'FACTOR (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		factor -- discover prime factors of a number
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	factor______
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	When factor is invoked, it types
11 | out "Enter:" at you.  If you type in a positive
12 | number less than 2^56 (about 7.2E16), it will repeat the number
13 | back at you and then its prime factors each one printed
14 | the proper number of times.  Then it says "Enter:" again.
15 | To exit, feed it an EOT or a delete.
16 | .sp
17 | Maximum time to factor is proportional to sqrt(n) and occurs
18 | when n is prime.  It takes 1 minute to factor a prime near 10^13.
19 | .sp
20 | .ti 0
21 | FILES		--
22 | .sp
23 | .ti 0
24 | SEE ALSO	--
25 | .sp
26 | .ti 0
27 | DIAGNOSTICS	"Ouch." for input out of range or for garbage input.
28 | .sp
29 | .ti 0
30 | BUGS		--
31 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/forml.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'FORML (I)'10/24/72'FORML (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		forml -- form letter generator processor
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	forml_____ [ name ] ...
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	A streamlined program for typing form letters.
11 | The names pick out
12 | prestored form letters prepared according to the conventions
13 | of
14 | .ul
15 | form
16 | and
17 | .ul
18 | roff.
19 | The program prompts to get each blank
20 | filled in.
21 | When all the forms are completed, it prompts "Set paper."
22 | It waits for a newline before printing each letter.
23 | 
24 | If more than one name is given, the name of 
25 | each letter is announced
26 | before the prompts for it begin.
27 | If no names are given, the program asks "Which letter?" before
28 | each.
29 | Respond with the name and a newline, or newline only when done.
30 | .sp
31 | On a 2741 type terminal, the program assumes the
32 | letter is to be typed with a correspondence ball,
33 | and also prompts "Change ball."
34 | Replace the ball at the end.
35 | .sp
36 | .ti 0
37 | FILES		form.m (memory),
38 | .br
39 | forma, formb, ... temporaries
40 | .sp
41 | .ti 0
42 | SEE ALSO	form(I), fed(I), roff(I)
43 | .br
44 | .sp
45 | .ti 0
46 | DIAGNOSTICS	"Try again"--can't get a process
47 | .br
48 | .sp
49 | .ti 0
50 | BUGS		--
51 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/goto.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'GOTO (I)'3/15/72'GOTO (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		goto  --  command transfer
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	goto____ label
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	goto____
11 | is only allowed when the Shell
12 | is taking commands from a file.
13 | The file is searched (from the beginning)
14 | for a line beginning with ":" followed by one
15 | or more spaces followed by
16 | the label_____.
17 | If such a line is found, the goto____ command returns.
18 | Since the read pointer in the command file points to the
19 | line after the label,
20 | the effect is to cause the Shell to transfer to the
21 | labelled line.
22 | 
23 | ":" is a do-nothing
24 | command that only serves to place a label.
25 | .sp
26 | .ti 0
27 | FILES		--
28 | .sp
29 | .ti 0
30 | SEE ALSO	sh(I), :(I)
31 | .sp
32 | .ti 0
33 | DIAGNOSTICS	"goto error", if
34 | the input file is a typewriter; "label not found".
35 | .sp
36 | .ti 0
37 | BUGS		--
38 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/hyphen.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'HYPHEN (I)'1/15/73'HYPHEN (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		hyphen -- find hyphenated words
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	hyphen______ file\d1\u ...
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	It finds all of the words in a
11 | document which are hyphenated across lines
12 | and prints them back at you in a convenient format.
13 | 
14 | If no arguments are given, the standard output
15 | is used.
16 | Thus hyphen______ may be used as a filter.
17 | .sp
18 | .ti 0
19 | FILES		--
20 | .sp
21 | .ti 0
22 | SEE ALSO	--
23 | .sp
24 | .ti 0
25 | DIAGNOSTICS	yes
26 | .sp
27 | .ti 0
28 | BUGS		yes, it gets confused, but with no ill effects other than
29 | spurious extra output.
30 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/if.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'IF (I)'3/15/72'IF (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		if --  conditional command
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	if__ expr command [ arg918 ... ]
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	if__
11 | evaluates the expression expr____, and if its value is true____,
12 | executes the given command_______ with the given arguments.
13 | 
14 | The following primitives are used to construct
15 | the expr____:
16 | 
17 | .in +9
18 | .ti -4
19 | -r__ file
20 | .br
21 | true if the file exists and is readable.
22 | 
23 | .ti -4
24 | -w__ file
25 | .br
26 | true if the file exists and is writable
27 | 
28 | .ti -4
29 | s1 =_ s2
30 | .br
31 | true if the strings s1__ and s2__ are equal.
32 | 
33 | .ti -4
34 | s1 !=__ s2
35 | .br
36 | true if the strings s1__ and s2__ are not equal.
37 | 
38 | .in -9
39 | These primaries may be combined with the
40 | following operators:
41 | 
42 | .in +5
43 | !_
44 | .ti +4
45 | unary negation operator
46 | 
47 | -a__
48 | .ti +4
49 | binary and___ operator
50 | 
51 | -o__
52 | .ti +4
53 | binary or__ operator
54 | 
55 | (_ expr )_
56 | .ti +4
57 | parentheses for grouping.
58 | 
59 | .in -5
60 | -a__ has higher precedence than -o__.
61 | Notice that all the operators and flags are separate
62 | arguments to if__ and hence must be surrounded by spaces.
63 | .sp
64 | .ti 0
65 | FILES		--
66 | .sp
67 | .ti 0
68 | SEE ALSO	sh(I)
69 | .sp
70 | .ti 0
71 | DIAGNOSTICS	"if error",
72 | if the expression has the wrong syntax;
73 | "command not found."
74 | .sp
75 | .ti 0
76 | BUGS		--
77 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/ln.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'LN (I)'3/15/72'LN (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		ln  --  make a link
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	ln__ name\d1\u [ name\d2\u ] 
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	ln__ creates a link to an existing file name\d1\u.
11 | If name\d2\u is given, the link has that name;
12 | otherwise it is placed in the current directory
13 | and its name is the last component
14 | of name\d1\u.
15 | .sp
16 | It is forbidden to link to a directory
17 | or to link across file systems.
18 | .sp
19 | .ti 0
20 | FILES		--
21 | .sp
22 | .ti 0
23 | SEE ALSO	rm(I)
24 | .sp
25 | .ti 0
26 | DIAGNOSTICS	"?"
27 | .sp
28 | .ti 0
29 | BUGS		There is nothing particularly
30 | wrong with ln__, but links don't work right with respect
31 | to the backup system:  one copy is backed up for each link, and
32 | (more serious) in case of a file system reload
33 | both copies are restored and the information that a link was involved
34 | is lost.
35 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/login.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'LOGIN (I)'3/15/72'LOGIN (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		login  --  sign onto UNIX
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	login_____  [ username [ password ] ]
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	The login_____ command
11 | is used when a user initially
12 | signs onto UNIX, or it may be used at any time to change
13 | from one user to another.
14 | The latter case is the one summarized above and
15 | described here.
16 | See login_____ (VII) for how to dial up initially.
17 | 
18 | If login_____ is invoked without an argument,
19 | it will ask for a user name, and, if
20 | appropriate, a password.
21 | Echoing is turned off (if possible) during the typing of the password,
22 | so it will not appear on the written record of the
23 | session.
24 | .sp
25 | After a successful login,
26 | accounting files are updated and
27 | the user is informed of the
28 | existence of mailbox
29 | and message-of-the-day files.
30 | 
31 | Login is recognized by the Shell
32 | and executed directly (without forking).
33 | .sp
34 | .ti 0
35 | FILES		/tmp/utmp	accounting
36 | .br
37 | /tmp/wtmp	accounting
38 | .br
39 | mailbox		mail
40 | .br
41 | /etc/motd	message-of-the-day
42 | /etc/passwd	password file
43 | .sp
44 | .ti 0
45 | SEE ALSO	login(VII), init(VII), getty(VII), mail(I)
46 | .sp
47 | .ti 0
48 | DIAGNOSTICS	"login incorrect",
49 | if the name or the password is bad.
50 | "No Shell,", "cannot open password file," "no directory:"
51 | consult a UNIX programming councilor.
52 | .sp
53 | .ti 0
54 | BUGS		--
55 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/ls.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'LS (I)'3/15/72'LS (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		ls  --  list contents of directory
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	ls__ [ -_ltasd_____ ] name\d1\u ...
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	ls__
11 | lists the contents of one or more directories under
12 | control of several options:
13 | .sp
14 | .in +5
15 | .ti -3
16 | -l list in l_ong format, giving i-number, mode, owner,
17 | size in bytes, and time of last modification
18 | for each file.
19 | (see stat____ for format of the mode)
20 | 
21 | .ti -3
22 | -t sort by time modified (latest first) instead of
23 | by name, as is normal
24 | 
25 | .ti -3
26 | -a list all entries; usually those beginning with "." are
27 | suppressed
28 | 
29 | .ti -3
30 | -s give size in blocks for each entry
31 | 
32 | .ti -3
33 | -d if argument is a directory, list only its name, not
34 | its contents (mostly used with "-l" to get status
35 | on directory)
36 | .sp
37 | .in -5
38 | If no argument is given, "." is listed.
39 | If an argument is not a directory, its name is given.
40 | .sp
41 | .ti 0
42 | FILES		/etc/passwd to get user ID's for ls -l
43 | .sp
44 | .ti 0
45 | SEE ALSO	stat(I)
46 | .sp
47 | .ti 0
48 | DIAGNOSTICS	"name
49 | nonexistent"; "name unreadable"; "name unstatable."
50 | .sp
51 | .ti 0
52 | BUGS		--
53 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/mail.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'MAIL (I)'10/25/72'MAIL (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		mail  --  send mail to another user
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	mail____ [ -yn___ ]
 8 | .br
 9 | .ul
10 | mail
11 | letter person ...
12 | .br
13 | mail____ person
14 | .sp
15 | .ti 0
16 | DESCRIPTION	mail____
17 | without an argument searches for a file called mailbox_______, prints
18 | it if present, and asks if it should be saved.  If the answer
19 | is "y", the mail is renamed mbox____, otherwise it is deleted.
20 | Mail____ with a -yn___ argument works the same way, except
21 | that the answer to the question is supplied by the argument.
22 | .sp
23 | When followed by the names of a letter
24 | and one or more people,
25 | the letter is appended to
26 | each person's mailbox_______.
27 | When a person______ is specified without a letter______,
28 | the letter is taken from the sender's standard input up to an EOT.
29 | Each letter is preceded by the sender's name and a postmark.
30 | 
31 | A person______ is either
32 | a user name recognized by login_____, in which case the mail
33 | is sent to the default working directory of that user,
34 | or the path name of a directory,
35 | in which case mailbox_______ in that directory is used.
36 | .sp
37 | When a user logs in he is informed of the presence
38 | of mail.
39 | .sp
40 | .ti 0
41 | FILES		/etc/passwd	to identify sender
42 | .br
43 | 		to locate persons
44 | .br
45 | mailbox		input mail
46 | .br
47 | mbox		saved mail
48 | .sp
49 | .ti 0
50 | SEE ALSO	login(I)
51 | .sp
52 | .ti 0
53 | DIAGNOSTICS	"Who are you?"
54 | if the user cannot be identified for some reason (a bug).
55 | "Cannot send to user" if mailbox_______ cannot be opened.
56 | .sp
57 | .ti 0
58 | BUGS		--
59 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/man.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'MAN (I)'3/15/72'MAN (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		man -- run off section of UNIX manual
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	man___ title [ section ]
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	man___
11 | is a shell command file that will locate
12 | and run off a particular section of this manual.
13 | Title is the the desired
14 | part of the manual.
15 | Section is the section number of the manual.
16 | (In Arabic, not Roman numerals.)
17 | If section is missing, 1_ is assumed.
18 | For example,
19 | 
20 | 	man man
21 | 
22 | would reproduce this page.
23 | .sp
24 | .ti 0
25 | FILES		/sys/man/man?/*
26 | .sp
27 | .ti 0
28 | SEE ALSO	sh(I), roff(I)
29 | .sp
30 | .ti 0
31 | DIAGNOSTICS	"File not found", "Usage .."
32 | .sp
33 | .ti 0
34 | BUGS		--
35 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/mesg.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'MESG (I)'3/15/72'MESG (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		mesg  --  permit or deny messages
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	mesg____ [ n_ ][ y_ ]
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	mesg____ n_
11 | forbids messages via write_____ by revoking non-user
12 | write permission on the user's typewriter.
13 | mesg____ y_ reinstates permission.
14 | mesg____ with no argument reverses the current permission.
15 | In all cases the previous state is reported.
16 | .sp
17 | .ti 0
18 | FILES		/dev/tty?
19 | .sp
20 | .ti 0
21 | SEE ALSO	write(I)
22 | .sp
23 | .ti 0
24 | DIAGNOSTICS	"?" if the standard input file is not a typewriter
25 | .sp
26 | .ti 0
27 | BUGS		--
28 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/mkdir.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'MKDIR (I)'3/15/72'MKDIR (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		mkdir  --  make a directory
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	mkdir_____ dirname ...
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	mkdir_____ creates specified directories
11 | in mode 17.
12 | .sp
13 | The standard entries "." and ".." are made automatically.
14 | .sp
15 | .ti 0
16 | FILES		--
17 | .sp
18 | .ti 0
19 | SEE ALSO	rmdir(I)
20 | .sp
21 | .ti 0
22 | DIAGNOSTICS	"dirname ?"
23 | .sp
24 | .ti 0
25 | BUGS		--
26 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/mv.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'MV (I)'2/9/73'MV (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		mv  --  move or rename a file
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	mv__ name\d1\u name\d2\u
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	mv__
11 | changes the name of name\d1\u to
12 | name\d2\u.
13 | If name\d2\u is a directory, name\d1\u is moved to
14 | that directory with its original file-name.
15 | Directories may only be moved within the same parent
16 | directory (just renamed).
17 | .sp
18 | .ti 0
19 | FILES		--
20 | .sp
21 | .ti 0
22 | SEE ALSO	--
23 | .sp
24 | .ti 0
25 | DIAGNOSTICS	yes
26 | .sp
27 | .ti 0
28 | BUGS		--
29 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/nm.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'NM (I)'3/15/72'NM (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		nm  --  print name list
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	nm__ [ name ]
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	nm__
11 | prints the symbol table from the output file of an
12 | assembler or loader run.
13 | Each symbol name is preceded by its value (blanks if undefined)
14 | and one of the letters "U" (undefined) "A" (absolute) "T"
15 | (text segment symbol),
16 | "D" (data segment symbol), or "B"
17 | (bss segment symbol).
18 | Global symbols have their first character underlined.
19 | The output is sorted alphabetically.
20 | .sp
21 | If no file is given, the symbols in a.out_____ are listed.
22 | .sp
23 | .ti 0
24 | FILES		a.out
25 | .sp
26 | .ti 0
27 | SEE ALSO	as(I), ld(I)
28 | .sp
29 | .ti 0
30 | DIAGNOSTICS	"?"
31 | .sp
32 | .ti 0
33 | BUGS		--
34 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/od.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'OD (I)'1/15/73'OD (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		od  --  octal dump
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	od__ [ -abcdho_______ ] [ file ] [ [+_]offset[._][b_] ]
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	od__
11 | dumps
12 | file____
13 | in
14 | one or more formats
15 | as
16 | selected by the first argument.
17 | (If the first argument is missing, -o__ is default.)
18 | The meanings of the format argument characters
19 | are:
20 | 
21 | .in +5
22 | .ti -2
23 | a_ interprets words as PDP-11 instructions and
24 | dis-assembles the operation code.
25 | Unknown operation codes print as ???.
26 | 
27 | .ti -2
28 | b_ interprets bytes in octal.
29 | 
30 | .ti -2
31 | c_ interprets bytes in ascii.
32 | Unknown ascii characters are printed as \\?.
33 | 
34 | .ti -2
35 | d_ interprets words in decimal.
36 | 
37 | .ti -2
38 | h_ interprets words in hex.
39 | 
40 | .ti -2
41 | o_ interprets words in octal.
42 | 
43 | .in -5
44 | The file argument specifies which file is to be dumped.
45 | If no file argument is specified,
46 | the standard input is used.
47 | Thus od can be used as a filter.
48 | 
49 | The offset argument specifies the offset
50 | in the file where dumping is to commence.
51 | This argument is normally interpreted
52 | as octal bytes.
53 | If '.' is appended, the offset is interpreted in
54 | decimal.
55 | If 'b' is appended, the offset is interpreted in blocks.
56 | (A block is 512 bytes.)
57 | If the file argument is omitted,
58 | the offset argument must be preceded by '+'.
59 | 
60 | Dumping continues until an end-of-file
61 | condition or until
62 | halted by sending an interrupt signal.
63 | .sp
64 | .ti 0
65 | FILES		--
66 | .sp
67 | .ti 0
68 | SEE ALSO	db(I)
69 | .sp
70 | .ti 0
71 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
72 | .sp
73 | .ti 0
74 | BUGS		--
75 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/opr.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'OPR (I)'1/15/73'OPR (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		opr -- off line print
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	opr___ [--__] [-_] [+_] [+-__]file918 ...
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	opr___
11 | will arrange to have the
12 | 201 data phone daemon submit a job to the
13 | Honeywell 6070 to print the file arguments.
14 | Normally,
15 | the output appears at the GCOS central site.
16 | If the first argument is --__, the output
17 | is remoted to station R1.
18 | (Station R1 has a 1403 printer.)
19 | 
20 | Normally, each file is printed in the state it is found
21 | when the data phone daemon reads it.
22 | If a particular file argument is preceded by +_,
23 | or a preceding argument of +_ has been encountered,
24 | then opr___ will make a copy for the daemon to print.
25 | If the file argument is preceded by -_,
26 | or a preceding argument of -_ has been encountered,
27 | then opr will unlink (remove) the file.
28 | 
29 | If there are no
30 | arguments except for the optional --__,
31 | then the standard input is read and off-line printed.
32 | Thus opr___ may be used as a filter.
33 | .sp
34 | .ti 0
35 | FILES		/usr/dpd/*	spool area
36 | .br
37 | /etc/passwd	personal ident cards
38 | .br
39 | /etc/dpd	daemon
40 | .sp
41 | .ti 0
42 | SEE ALSO	dpd(I), passwd(V)
43 | .sp
44 | .ti 0
45 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
46 | .sp
47 | .ti 0
48 | BUGS		--
49 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/ov.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'OV (I)'6/12/72'OV (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		ov -- overlay pages
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	ov__ [ file ]
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	ov__
11 | is a postprocessor for producing double column formatted
12 | text when using nroff(I).
13 | ov__
14 | literally overlays successive pairs of 66-line pages.
15 | 
16 | If the file argument is missing,
17 | the standard input is used.
18 | Thus ov__ may be used as a filter.
19 | .sp
20 | .ti 0
21 | FILES		none
22 | .sp
23 | .ti 0
24 | SEE ALSO	nroff(I), pr(I)
25 | .sp
26 | .ti 0
27 | DIAGNOSTICS	none
28 | .sp
29 | .ti 0
30 | BUGS		Other page lengths should be permitted.
31 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/passwd.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'PASSWD (I)'9/1/72'PASSWD (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		passwd -- set login password
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	passwd______ name password
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	The
11 | password is placed on the given login name.
12 | This can only be done by the user ID
13 | corresponding to the login name or by the super-user.
14 | An explicit null argument ("") for the password
15 | argument will remove
16 | any password from the login name.
17 | .sp
18 | .ti 0
19 | FILES		/etc/passwd
20 | .sp
21 | .ti 0
22 | SEE ALSO	login(I), passwd(V), crypt(III)
23 | .sp
24 | .ti 0
25 | DIAGNOSTICS	Diagnostics
26 | are given for a non-match of the login name,
27 | lack of permission and for password file format errors.
28 | .sp
29 | .ti 0
30 | BUGS		--
31 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/pr.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'PR (I)'1/15/73'PR (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		pr  --  print file
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	pr__ [-cm___] [-h__ name] [-_n] [+_n] [file918 ...]
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	pr__
11 | produces a printed listing of one or more files.
12 | The output is separated into pages headed by a date,
13 | the name of the file or a header (if any), and the page number.
14 | If there are no file arguments, pr__ prints the standard
15 | input file, and is thus usable as a filter.
16 | 
17 | Options apply to all following files but may be reset
18 | between files:
19 | 
20 |    -c__ print current date
21 |    -m__ print date file last modified (default)
22 | .sp
23 |    -_n produce n-column output
24 | .sp
25 |    +_n begin printing with page n
26 | .sp
27 |    -h__ treats the next argument as a header
28 | .sp
29 | If there is a header in force, it is printed in place of
30 | the file name.
31 | .sp
32 | Interconsole messages via write_____(I) are
33 | forbidden during a pr__.
34 | .sp
35 | .sp
36 | .ti 0
37 | FILES		/dev/tty?
38 | to suspend messages.
39 | .sp
40 | .ti 0
41 | SEE ALSO	cat(I), cp(I)
42 | .sp
43 | .ti 0
44 | DIAGNOSTICS	none (files not found are ignored)
45 | .sp
46 | .ti 0
47 | BUGS		In multi-column
48 | output, non-printing characters other than new-line
49 | cause misalignment.
50 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/proof.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'PROOF (I)'1/15/73'PROOF (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		proof -- compare two text files
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	proof_____
 8 | oldfile newfile
 9 | .sp
10 | .ti 0
11 | DESCRIPTION	proof_____
12 | lists
13 | those lines of
14 | .ul
15 | newfile
16 | that differ from corresponding lines in
17 | .ul
18 | oldfile.
19 | The line number in
20 | .ul
21 | newfile
22 | is given.
23 | When changes, insertions or deletions have
24 | been made the program attempts to resynchronize
25 | the text in the two files by finding a sequence of
26 | lines in both files that again agree.
27 | .sp
28 | .ti 0
29 | FILES		--
30 | .sp
31 | .ti 0
32 | SEE ALSO	cmp(I)
33 | .sp
34 | .ti 0
35 | DIAGNOSTICS	yes,
36 | but they are undecipherable, e.g. "?1".
37 | .sp
38 | .ti 0
39 | BUGS		proof_____
40 | is still evolving.  Any bugs discovered or suggestions
41 | should be brought to ENP.
42 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/reloc.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'RELOC (I)'2/7/73'RELOC (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		reloc -- relocate object files
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	reloc_____ file [-_]octal [ -_ ]
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	reloc_____
11 | modifies the named object program file so that it will operate correctly
12 | at a different core origin than the one for which
13 | it was assembled or loaded.
14 | 
15 | The new core origin is the old origin
16 | increased by
17 | the given octal_____
18 | number (or decreased if the number has a "-" sign).
19 | 
20 | If the object file was generated by the link-editor ld__,
21 | the "-r" ld__ option must have been given to
22 | preserve the relocation information in the file.
23 | 
24 | If the optional last argument is given, then any
25 | "setd" instruction at the start of the file
26 | will be replaced by a no-op.
27 | 
28 | The purpose of this command is to simplify the
29 | preparation of object programs for systems
30 | which have no relocation hardware.
31 | It is hard to imagine a situation
32 | in which it would be useful to attempt directly to execute
33 | a program treated by reloc_____.
34 | .sp
35 | .ti 0
36 | FILES		--
37 | .sp
38 | .ti 0
39 | SEE ALSO	as(I), ld(I), a.out(V)
40 | .sp
41 | .ti 0
42 | DIAGNOSTICS	As appropriate
43 | .sp
44 | .ti 0
45 | BUGS		--
46 | 


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/man1/rew.1:
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 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'REW (I)'1/15/73'REW (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		rew  --  rewind tape
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	rew ___ [ [m_]digit ]
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	rew___
11 | rewinds DECtape or magtape drives.  The digit is the logical
12 | tape number, and should range from 0 to 7.
13 | If the digit is preceded by 'm',
14 | rew___ applies to magtape rather than DECtape.
15 | A missing digit indicates drive 0.
16 | .sp
17 | .ti 0
18 | FILES		/dev/tap?
19 | .br
20 | /dev/mt?
21 | .sp
22 | .ti 0
23 | SEE ALSO	--
24 | .sp
25 | .ti 0
26 | DIAGNOSTICS	"?" if there is no tape mounted on the indicated
27 | drive or if the file cannot be opened.
28 | .sp
29 | .ti 0
30 | BUGS		--
31 | 


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/man1/rm.1:
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 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'RM (I)'1/20/73'RM (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		rm  -- remove (unlink) files
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	rm__ [ -f__ ] [ -r__ ] name\d1\u ...
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	rm__
11 | removes the entries for one or more files from a directory.
12 | If an entry was the last link to the file, the file
13 | is destroyed.
14 | Removal of a file requires write permission in its directory,
15 | but neither read nor write permission on the file itself.
16 | 
17 | If there is no write permission to a
18 | file designated to be removed,
19 | rm__ will print the file name, its mode and then
20 | read a line from the standard input.
21 | If the line begins with 'y', the file is removed,
22 | otherwise it is not.
23 | The optional argument -f__ prevents the above interaction.
24 | 
25 | If a designated file is a directory,
26 | an error comment is printed unless the optional
27 | argument -r__ has been used.
28 | In that case, rm__ recursively deletes the
29 | entire contents of the specified directory.
30 | To remove directories per se see rmdir(I).
31 | .sp
32 | .ti 0
33 | FILES		/etc/glob to implement -r__ flag
34 | .sp
35 | .ti 0
36 | SEE ALSO	rmdir(I)
37 | .sp
38 | .ti 0
39 | DIAGNOSTICS	"name: non existent"
40 | .br
41 | "name: not removed" if cannot remove
42 | .br
43 | "name: try again" error from fork
44 | .sp
45 | .ti 0
46 | BUGS		When
47 | rm__ removes the contents of a directory under the
48 | -r__ flag, full pathnames are not printed in diagnostics.
49 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/rmdir.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'RMDIR (I)'3/15/72'RMDIR (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		rmdir  --  remove directory
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	rmdir_____ dir\d1\u ...
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	rmdir_____
11 | removes (deletes) directories.
12 | The directory must be empty (except for the standard entries
13 | "." and "..", which rmdir_____ itself removes).
14 | Write permission is required in the
15 | directory in which the directory appears.
16 | .sp
17 | .ti 0
18 | FILES		none
19 | .sp
20 | .ti 0
21 | SEE ALSO	--
22 | .sp
23 | .ti 0
24 | DIAGNOSTICS	"dir?"
25 | is printed if directory dir___ cannot be found, is not a directory, or is not
26 | removable.
27 | .sp
28 | "dir -- directory not empty" is printed if dir___ has entries
29 | other than "." or "..".
30 | .sp
31 | .ti 0
32 | BUGS		--
33 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/roff.1:
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https://raw.githubusercontent.com/dspinellis/unix-v3man/7ac717b0871aca6d67e6f12c24e9fd4d098bffbd/man1/roff.1


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/man1/size.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'SIZE (I)'9/2/72'SIZE (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		size -- size of an object file
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	size____ [ object ... ]
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	The
11 | size, in bytes, of the
12 | object files are printed.
13 | If no file is given, a.out_____ is default.
14 | The size is printed in octal for the
15 | text, data, and bss portions of each file.
16 | The sum of these is also printed in octal
17 | and decimal.
18 | .sp
19 | .ti 0
20 | FILES		a.out	default
21 | .sp
22 | .ti 0
23 | SEE ALSO	--
24 | .sp
25 | .ti 0
26 | DIAGNOSTICS	"object not found" if the input cannot be read.
27 | "bad format: object" if the input file
28 | does not have a valid object header.
29 | .sp
30 | .ti 0
31 | BUGS		--
32 | 


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/man1/sno.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  1 | .pa 1
  2 | .he 'SNO (I)'2/9/73'SNO (I)'
  3 | .ti 0
  4 | NAME		sno -- SNOBOL interpreter
  5 | .sp
  6 | .ti 0
  7 | SYNOPSIS	sno___ [ file ]
  8 | .sp
  9 | .ti 0
 10 | DESCRIPTION	sno___
 11 | is a SNOBOL III (with slight differences)
 12 | compiler and interpreter.
 13 | sno___ obtains input from the
 14 | concatenation of file____ and the standard input.
 15 | All input through a statement
 16 | containing the label 'end' is
 17 | considered program and is compiled.
 18 | The rest is available to 'syspit'.
 19 | 
 20 | The following is a list of differences
 21 | between sno___ and SNOBOL III:
 22 | 
 23 | .in +3
 24 | There are no unanchored searches.
 25 | To get the same effect:
 26 | 
 27 | .ti +3
 28 | a ** b		unanchored search for b
 29 | .ti +3
 30 | a *x* b = x c	unanchored assignment
 31 | 
 32 | No back referencing
 33 | 
 34 | .ti +3
 35 | x = "abc"
 36 | .ti +3
 37 | a *x* x		unanchored search for "abc"
 38 | 
 39 | Different function declaration.
 40 | The function declaration is
 41 | done at compile time by the use of the label 'define'.
 42 | Thus there is no ability to define functions at run time
 43 | and the use of the name 'define' is preempted.
 44 | There is also no provision for 'automatic' variables
 45 | other than the parameters.
 46 | 
 47 | .ti +3
 48 | define	f()
 49 | .ti +3
 50 | 	or
 51 | .ti +3
 52 | define f(a,b,c)
 53 | 
 54 | All labels except 'define' (even 'end')
 55 | must have a non-empty statement.
 56 | 
 57 | If 'start' is a label in the program,
 58 | program execution will start there.
 59 | If not, execution begins with the first
 60 | executable statement.
 61 | ('define' is not an executable statement)
 62 | 
 63 | There are no builtin functions
 64 | 
 65 | Variable length patterns
 66 | at the end of a pattern match are not treated
 67 | specially.
 68 | They still match the shortest rather than
 69 | longest text.
 70 | 
 71 | Parentheses for arithmetic are not needed.
 72 | Normal (eg FORTRAN) precedence applies.
 73 | Because of this, the arithmetic
 74 | operators '/' and '*'
 75 | must be set off by space.
 76 | 
 77 | The right side of assignments
 78 | must be non-empty.
 79 | 
 80 | Either ' or " may be used for literal quotes.
 81 | 
 82 | The pseudo-variable 'sysppt' is not available.
 83 | .in -3
 84 | .sp
 85 | .ti 0
 86 | FILES		--
 87 | .sp
 88 | .ti 0
 89 | SEE ALSO	SNOBOL III manual.
 90 | (JACM____; Vol. 11 No. 1; Jan 1964; pp 21)
 91 | .sp
 92 | .ti 0
 93 | DIAGNOSTICS	As appropriate
 94 | .sp
 95 | .ti 0
 96 | BUGS		Runtime
 97 | diagnostics give the
 98 | last program line number
 99 | rather than the executing statement line number.
100 | 


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/man1/sort.1:
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 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'SORT (I)'9/2/72'SORT (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		sort -- sort a file
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	sort____ [ -_ ] [ input [ output ] ]
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	sort____
11 | will sort the input file and write the
12 | sorted file on the output file.
13 | If the output file is not given,
14 | the input file is rewritten.
15 | If the input file is missing,
16 | sort uses the standard input as
17 | input and the standard output for output.
18 | Thus sort____ may be used as a filter.
19 | 
20 | The sort is line-by-line in increasing ASCII collating sequence,
21 | except that upper-case letters are considered
22 | the same as the lower-case letters.
23 | 
24 | The optional argument -_ will cause a reverse sort.
25 | 
26 | sort____ is implemented in such a way that
27 | 
28 | 	sort /dev/mt0
29 | 
30 | works correctly provided the tape is not too big.
31 | .sp
32 | .ti 0
33 | FILES		/tmp/stm?
34 | .sp
35 | .ti 0
36 | SEE ALSO	--
37 | .sp
38 | .ti 0
39 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
40 | .sp
41 | .ti 0
42 | BUGS		The
43 | largest file that can be
44 | sorted is about 128K bytes.
45 | 


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/man1/speak.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'SPEAK (I)'2/1/73'SPEAK (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		speak -- word to voice translator
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	speak_____ [ -_ ] [ vocabulary ]
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	speak_____
11 | turns a stream of ascii words
12 | into utterances and outputs them to a voice synthesizer.
13 | It has facilities for maintaining a vocabulary.
14 | It receives, from the standard input 
15 | 
16 | .in +2
17 | .ti -2
18 | - working lines - text of words separated by blanks
19 | .ti -2
20 | - phonetic lines - strings of phonemes for one word preceded
21 | and separated by commas.
22 | The phonetic code is given in vsp___(VII).
23 | .ti -2
24 | - empty lines
25 | .ti -2
26 | - command lines - beginning with !_.  The following forms
27 | are recognized:
28 | .in +1
29 | .in +8
30 | 
31 | .ti -8
32 | !_r_ file	replace coded vocabulary from file
33 | .ti -8
34 | !_w_ file	write coded vocabulary on file
35 | .ti -8
36 | !_p_	print phonetics for working word
37 | .ti -8
38 | !_l_	list vocabulary on standard output with phonetics
39 | .ti -8
40 | !c__ word	copy phonetics from working word to
41 | specified word
42 | .ti -8
43 | !s__ file	(save) append working word and phonetics to file
44 | in style of !l__
45 | .in -8
46 | 
47 | .in -3
48 | Each working line replaces its predecessor.
49 | Its first word is the "working word".
50 | Each phonetic line replaces the phonetics stored for the
51 | working word.
52 | Each working line, phonetic line or empty line
53 | causes the working line to be uttered.
54 | The process terminates at the end of input.
55 | 
56 | Unknown words are spelled
57 | as strings of one-letter words.
58 | Unknown one-letter words burp.
59 | 
60 | A phonetic line of comma only will delete the
61 | entry for the working word.
62 | 
63 | speak_____ is initialized with a coded vocabulary stored in file
64 | .ul
65 | /etc/speak.m.
66 | The vocabulary option substitutes a different file for speak.m_______.
67 | .sp
68 | The -_ option suppresses all utterances.
69 | .sp
70 | .ti 0
71 | FILES		/etc/speak.m
72 | .sp
73 | .ti 0
74 | SEE ALSO	vsp(VII), speakm(V), vt(IV)
75 | .sp
76 | .ti 0
77 | BUGS		Vocabulary overflow is unchecked.
78 | Excessively long words cause dumps.
79 | Space is not reclaimed from deleted entries.
80 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/split.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'SPLIT (I)'1/15/73'SPLIT (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		split -- split a file into pieces
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	split [ [ file1 ] file2 ]
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	Split reads file1 and writes
11 | it in 1000-line pieces, as many as are necessary, onto
12 | a set of output files.  The name of the first output
13 | file is file2 with an "a" appended, and so on
14 | through the alphabet and beyond.  If no output name is given,
15 | "x" is default.
16 | .sp
17 | If no input file is given, or the first argument is "-",
18 | then the standard input file is used.
19 | .sp
20 | .ti 0
21 | FILES		-
22 | .sp
23 | .ti 0
24 | SEE ALSO	--
25 | .sp
26 | .ti 0
27 | DIAGNOSTICS	yes
28 | .sp
29 | .ti 0
30 | BUGS		Watch out for 8-character file names.
31 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/stat.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'STAT (I)'3/15/72'STAT (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		stat  --  get file status
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	stat____ name\d1\u ...
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	stat____
11 | gives several kinds of information about one or more
12 | files:
13 | .sp
14 |    i-number
15 |    access mode
16 |    number of links
17 |    owner
18 |    size in bytes
19 |    date and time of last modification
20 |    name (useful when several files are named)
21 | .sp
22 | All information is self-explanatory except the mode.
23 | The mode is a six-character string whose characters mean the
24 | following:
25 | .sp
26 | .in +5
27 | .ti -2
28 | 1 s: file is small (smaller than 4096 bytes)
29 | .br
30 | l: file is large
31 | 
32 | .ti -2
33 | 2 d: file is a directory
34 | .br
35 | x: file is executable
36 | .br
37 | u: set user ID on execution
38 | .br
39 | -: none of the above
40 | .ti -2
41 | 
42 | 3 r: owner can read
43 | .br
44 | -: owner cannot read
45 | 
46 | .ti -2
47 | 4 w: owner can write
48 | .br
49 | -: owner cannot write
50 | 
51 | .ti -2
52 | 5 r: non-owner can read
53 | .br
54 | -: non-owner cannot read
55 | .ti -2
56 | 
57 | 6 w: non-owner can write
58 | .br
59 | -: non-owner cannot write
60 | .in -5
61 | .sp
62 | The owner is almost always given in symbolic form;  however
63 | if he cannot be found in "/etc/passwd" a number is given.
64 | .sp
65 | If the number of arguments to stat____ is not exactly 1
66 | a header is generated identifying the fields of the status information.
67 | .sp
68 | .ti 0
69 | FILES		/etc/passwd
70 | .sp
71 | .ti 0
72 | SEE ALSO	istat(I), ls(I) (-l option)
73 | .sp
74 | .ti 0
75 | DIAGNOSTICS	"name?"
76 | for any error.
77 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/strip.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'STRIP (I)'3/15/72'STRIP (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		strip  --  remove symbols and relocation bits
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	strip_____ name\d1\u ...
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	strip_____ removes the symbol
11 | table and relocation bits ordinarily attached to the output
12 | of the assembler and loader.
13 | This is useful to save space after a program has been
14 | debugged.
15 | 
16 | The effect of strip_____ is the same as use of the -s__ option
17 | of ld__.
18 | .sp
19 | .ti 0
20 | FILES		/tmp/stm?	temporary file
21 | .sp
22 | .ti 0
23 | SEE ALSO	ld(I), as(I)
24 | .sp
25 | .ti 0
26 | DIAGNOSTICS	Diagnostics are given for:
27 | non-existent argument;
28 | .br
29 | inability to create temporary file;
30 | .br
31 | improper format (not an object file);
32 | .br
33 | inability to re-read temporary file.
34 | .sp
35 | .ti 0
36 | BUGS		--
37 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/stty.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'STTY (I)'6/12/72'STTY (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		stty -- set teletype options
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	stty____ option918 ...
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	Stty____
11 | will set certain I/O options on the current output teletype.
12 | The option strings are
13 | selected from the following set:
14 | 
15 | .in +3
16 | .nf
17 | even____	allow even parity.
18 | -even_____	disallow even parity.
19 | odd___	allow odd parity
20 | -odd____	disallow odd parity
21 | raw___	raw mode input
22 | 	(no erase/kill/interrupt/quit/EOT)
23 | -raw____	negate raw mode
24 | -nl___	allow cr for lf (and echo lf cr)
25 | nl__	allow nl only
26 | echo____	echo back every character typed.
27 | -echo_____	do not echo characters.
28 | lcase_____	map upper case to lower case
29 | -lcase______	do not map case
30 | -tabs_____	replace tabs by spaces
31 | tabs____	preserve tabs
32 | delay_____	calculate cr and tab delays.
33 | -delay______	no cr/tab delays
34 | ebcdic______	ebcdic ball conversion (2741 only)
35 | corres______	correspondence ball conversion (2741 only)
36 | .in -3
37 | .sp
38 | .fi
39 | .ti 0
40 | FILES		standard output.
41 | .sp
42 | .ti 0
43 | SEE ALSO	stty(II)
44 | .sp
45 | .ti 0
46 | DIAGNOSTICS	"Bad options"
47 | .sp
48 | .ti 0
49 | BUGS		--
50 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/sum.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'SUM (I)'3/15/72'SUM (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		sum  --  sum file
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	sum___ name\d1\u ...
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	sum___
11 | sums the contents of the bytes (mod 2^16) of
12 | one or more files and prints the answer in octal.
13 | A separate sum is printed for each file specified,
14 | along with the number of whole or partial
15 | 512-byte blocks read.
16 | 
17 | In practice, sum___ is often used to verify that
18 | all of a special file can be read without error.
19 | .sp
20 | .ti 0
21 | FILES		none
22 | .sp
23 | .ti 0
24 | SEE ALSO	--
25 | .sp
26 | .ti 0
27 | DIAGNOSTICS	"oprd" if the file cannot be
28 | opened; "?" if an error is discovered during the read.
29 | .sp
30 | .ti 0
31 | BUGS		none
32 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/time.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'TIME (I)'10/26/72'TIME (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		time -- time a command
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	time____ command 
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	The 
11 | given command is timed; after it is complete,
12 | time____
13 | prints the time spent in the system, waiting for disk, and in execution
14 | of the command.
15 | 
16 | The disk I/O time can be variable depending
17 | on other activity in the system.
18 | .sp
19 | .ti 0
20 | FILES		--
21 | .sp
22 | .ti 0
23 | SEE ALSO	tm (VIII)
24 | .sp
25 | .ti 0
26 | DIAGNOSTICS	"?"
27 | .br
28 | "command terminated abnormally"
29 | .br
30 | "Command not found."
31 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/tmg.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'TMG (I)'10/21/72'TMG (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		tmg -- compiler compiler
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	tmg___ name
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	tmg___
11 | produces a translator for the language whose parsing
12 | and translation rules are described in file name.t__.
13 | The new translator appears
14 | in a.out and may be used thus:
15 | .ce
16 | .sp
17 | a.out_____ input [ output ]
18 | .sp
19 | Except in rare cases input must be a randomly
20 | addressable file.
21 | If no output file is specified, the standard output file
22 | is assumed.
23 | .sp
24 | .ti 0
25 | FILES		/sys/tmg/tmgl.o -- the compiler-compiler
26 | .br
27 | /sys/tmg[abc] -- libraries
28 | .br
29 | alloc.d -- table storage
30 | .sp
31 | .ti 0
32 | SEE ALSO	A Manual for the Tmg Compiler-writing Language,
33 | MM-72-1271-8.
34 | .sp
35 | .ti 0
36 | DIAGNOSTICS	Syntactic errors result in "???" followed by the
37 | offending line.
38 | .br
39 | Situations such as space overflow
40 | with which the Tmg processor or a Tmg-produced
41 | processor can not cope result in a descriptive comment and 
42 | a dump.
43 | .sp
44 | .ti 0
45 | BUGS		9.2 footnote 1 is not enforced, causing trouble.
46 | .br
47 | Restrictions (7.) against mixing bundling primitives
48 | should be lifted.
49 | .br
50 | Certain hidden reserved words exist: gpar, classtab, trans.
51 | .br
52 | Octal digits include 8=10 and 9=11.
53 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/tss.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'TSS (I)'3/15/72'TSS (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		tss -- interface to Honeywell TSS
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	tss___
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	tss___
11 | will call the Honeywell 6070 on
12 | the 201 data phone.
13 | It will then go into direct access with
14 | TSS.
15 | Output generated by TSS is typed on the standard output and
16 | input requested by TSS is read from the standard input
17 | with UNIX typing conventions.
18 | 
19 | An interrupt signal (ASCII DEL)
20 | is transmitted
21 | as a "break" to TSS.
22 | 
23 | Input lines beginning with !_ are interpreted as UNIX
24 | commands.
25 | Input lines beginning with ~_ are interpreted as commands
26 | to the interface routine.
27 | .sp
28 | ~<file	insert input from named UNIX file
29 | .sp
30 | ~>file	deliver tss output to named UNIX file
31 | .sp
32 | ~p	pop the output file
33 | .sp
34 | ~q	disconnect from tss (quit)
35 | .sp
36 | ~r file	receive from HIS routine CSR/DACCOPY
37 | .sp
38 | ~s file	send file to HIS routine CSR/DACCOPY
39 | .sp
40 | Ascii files may be most efficiently transmitted using
41 | the HIS routine CSR/DACCOPY
42 | in this fashion.
43 | Underlined text comes from TSS.
44 | AFTname is the 6070 file to be dealt with.
45 | .sp
46 | 	SYSTEM______?_ CSR/DACCOPY (s) AFTname
47 | 	Send Encoded File_________________ ~s file
48 | 
49 | 	SYSTEM______? CSR/DACCOPY (r) AFTname
50 | 	Receive Encoded File____________________ ~r file
51 | .sp
52 | .ti 0
53 | FILES		/dev/dn0,
54 | /dev/dp0
55 | .sp
56 | .ti 0
57 | SEE ALSO	--
58 | .sp
59 | .ti 0
60 | DIAGNOSTICS	DONE when communication is broken.
61 | .sp
62 | .ti 0
63 | BUGS		When
64 | diagnostic problems occur,
65 | tss___ exits rather abruptly.
66 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/tty.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'TTY (I)'3/15/72'TTY (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		tty  --  get tty name
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	tty___
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	tty___ gives the name of the user's typewriter
11 | in the form "ttyn" for n_ a digit.  The actual path
12 | name is then "/dev/ttyn".
13 | .sp
14 | .ti 0
15 | FILES		--
16 | .sp
17 | .ti 0
18 | SEE ALSO	--
19 | .sp
20 | .ti 0
21 | DIAGNOSTICS	"not a tty" if the standard input file is not a typewriter.
22 | .sp
23 | .ti 0
24 | BUGS		--
25 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/type.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'TYPE (I)'6/12/72'TYPE (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		type  --  type on single sheet paper
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	type____ file918 ...
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	type____
11 | copies its input files to the standard output.
12 | Before each new page (66 lines) and before each new file,
13 | type stops and reads the standard input
14 | for a new line character before continuing.
15 | This allows time for insertion of single
16 | sheet paper.
17 | .sp
18 | .ti 0
19 | FILES		--
20 | .sp
21 | .ti 0
22 | SEE ALSO	--
23 | .sp
24 | .ti 0
25 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
26 | .sp
27 | .ti 0
28 | BUGS		--
29 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/typo.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'TYPO (I)'1/15/73'TYPO (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		typo -- find possible typo's
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	typo____ [ -_ ] file\d1\u ...
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	typo hunts through a document for unusual
11 | words, typographic errors, and hapax legomena and prints
12 | them on the standard output.
13 | .sp
14 | All words used in the document are printed
15 | out in decreasing order of peculiarity along
16 | with an index of peculiarity.  An index of 10
17 | or more is considered peculiar.  Printing of
18 | certain very common English words is suppressed.
19 | .sp
20 | The statistics for judging words are taken from
21 | the document itself; with some help from known
22 | statistics of English.  The "-" option suppresses
23 | the help from English and should be used if the
24 | document is written in, for example, Urdu.
25 | .sp
26 | Roff and Nroff control lines are ignored.
27 | Upper case is mapped into lower case.
28 | Quote marks, vertical bars, hyphens, and ampersands are stripped from
29 | within words.
30 | Words hyphenated across lines are put back together.
31 | .sp
32 | .ti 0
33 | FILES		/tmp/ttmp??, /etc/salt, /etc/w2006
34 | .sp
35 | .ti 0
36 | SEE ALSO	--
37 | .sp
38 | .ti 0
39 | DIAGNOSTICS	yes, lots
40 | .sp
41 | .ti 0
42 | BUGS		Because
43 | of the mapping into lower case and the stripping
44 | of special characters, words
45 | may be hard to locate in the original text.
46 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/un.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'UN (I)'3/15/72'UN (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		un  --  undefined symbols
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	un__ [ name ]
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	un__
11 | prints a list of undefined symbols from an assembly
12 | or loader run.
13 | If the file argument is not specified, a.out_____ is the default.
14 | Names are listed alphabetically except that non-global
15 | symbols come first.  Undefined global
16 | symbols (unresolved external references) have their
17 | first character underlined.
18 | .sp
19 | .ti 0
20 | FILES		a.out
21 | .sp
22 | .ti 0
23 | SEE ALSO	as(I), ld(I)
24 | .sp
25 | .ti 0
26 | DIAGNOSTICS	"?" if the file cannot be found.
27 | .sp
28 | .ti 0
29 | BUGS		--
30 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/uniq.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'UNIQ (I)'12/1/72'UNIQ (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		uniq -- report repeated lines in a file
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	uniq____ [ -ud___ ]  [ input [ output ] ]
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	uniq____
11 | reads the input
12 | file comparing adjacent lines.
13 | In the normal case, the second and succeeding copies
14 | of repeated lines are
15 | removed; the remainder is written on the output file.
16 | Note that repeated lines must be adjacent
17 | in order to be found.
18 | (See sort(I))
19 | If the -u__ flag is used,
20 | just the lines that are not repeated
21 | in the original file are output.
22 | The -d__ option specifies that
23 | one copy of just the repeated lines is to
24 | be written.
25 | Note that the normal mode output is the union of the
26 | -u__ and -d__ mode outputs.
27 | .sp
28 | The following example will print one copy of all
29 | lines in the file a_ that do not occur in b_:
30 | .sp
31 | 	sort a x
32 | 	uniq x a1
33 | 	sort b x
34 | 	uniq x b1
35 | 	cat a1 b1 >x
36 | 	sort x
37 | 	uniq -u x >>a1
38 | 	sort a1
39 | 	uniq -d a1
40 | .sp
41 | .ti 0
42 | FILES		--
43 | .sp
44 | .ti 0
45 | SEE ALSO	sort(I)
46 | .sp
47 | .ti 0
48 | DIAGNOSTICS	"cannot open input", "cannot create output"
49 | .sp
50 | .ti 0
51 | BUGS		--
52 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/vs.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .he 'VS (I)'2/13/73'VS(I)'
 2 | .ti 0
 3 | NAME		vs -- phoneme list to voice synthesizer
 4 | .sp
 5 | .ti 0
 6 | SYNOPSIS	vs__
 7 | .sp
 8 | .ti 0
 9 | DESCRIPTION	vs__
10 | accepts phoneme descriptor lists and translates them into
11 | byte strings suitable for the Federal Screw Works Voice
12 | Synthesizer.
13 | Phoneme descritors should be separated by commas and
14 | have the general form "%NIxx"
15 | where "xx" is a one or two character phoneme name,
16 | "I" is an optional inflection parameter,
17 | and "%N" is an optional count of the number of times
18 | the phoneme is to be repeated (maximum 9).
19 | "I" can have the values 0, 1, 2, 3 representing decreasing
20 | strength (default is 2).
21 | A description of the phonemes and their names can be
22 | found in the file vsp___(VII).
23 | For example,
24 | .in +5
25 | .sp
26 | a0,o1,t,r,1ai,1ay,d,j,ih,u1,%2s
27 | .sp
28 | .in -5
29 | will generate the word "outrageous".
30 | The output is buffered;
31 | a newline will cause the buffered output to be
32 | sent to the Voice Synthesizer.
33 | .sp
34 | .ti 0
35 | FILES		-
36 | .sp
37 | .ti 0
38 | SEE ALSO	vsp(VII), speak(I)
39 | .sp
40 | .ti 0
41 | DIAGONOSTICS	-
42 | .sp
43 | .ti 0
44 | BUGS		-
45 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/wc.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'WC (I)'3/15/72'WC (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		wc -- get (English) word count
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	wc__ name918 ...
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	wc__
11 | provides a count of the words, text lines, and control lines for
12 | each argument file.
13 | 
14 | A text line is a sequence of characters not beginning with ".",
15 | "!" or "'"
16 | and ended by a new-line.
17 | A control line is a line beginning with ".",
18 | "!" or "'".
19 | A word is a sequence of characters bounded by the beginning
20 | of a line, by the end of a line, or by a blank or a tab.
21 | 
22 | When
23 | there is more than one input file,
24 | a grand total is also printed.
25 | .sp
26 | .ti 0
27 | FILES		--
28 | .sp
29 | .ti 0
30 | SEE ALSO	roff(I)
31 | .sp
32 | .ti 0
33 | DIAGNOSTICS	none; arguments not found are ignored.
34 | .sp
35 | .ti 0
36 | BUGS		--
37 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/who.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'WHO (I)'3/15/72'WHO (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		who  --  who is on the system
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	who___ [ who-file ]
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	who___, without an argument,
11 | lists the name, typewriter channel, and login time
12 | for each current UNIX user.
13 | 
14 | Without an argument,
15 | who___ examines the /tmp/utmp_________
16 | file to obtain its information.
17 | If a file is given, that file is examined.
18 | Typically the given file will be /tmp/wtmp_________,
19 | which contains a record of all the logins since it
20 | was created.
21 | Then who___ will list
22 | logins, logouts, and crashes since the creation of
23 | the wtmp file.
24 | 
25 | Each login is listed with user name, last character
26 | of input device name (with /dev/tty________ suppressed),
27 | date and time.
28 | Certain logouts produce a similar line without a user name.
29 | Reboots produce a line with "x" in the place of the device name,
30 | and a fossil time indicative of when the system went down.
31 | .sp
32 | .ti 0
33 | FILES		/tmp/utmp
34 | .sp
35 | .ti 0
36 | SEE ALSO	login(I), init(VII)
37 | .sp
38 | .ti 0
39 | DIAGNOSTICS	"?" if a named file cannot be read.
40 | .sp
41 | .ti 0
42 | BUGS		--
43 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man1/write.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'WRITE (I)'3/15/72'WRITE (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		write  --  write to another user
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	write_____ user
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	write_____ copies lines from your typewriter to that of
11 | another user.  When first called, write_____ sends the message
12 | .sp
13 |      message from yourname...
14 | .sp
15 | The recipient of the message should write back at this point.
16 | Communication continues until an end of file is
17 | read from the typewriter or an interrupt is sent.
18 | At that point write_____ writes "EOT" on the other terminal.
19 | .sp
20 | Permission to write may be denied or granted by use of the mesg____
21 | command.
22 | At the outset writing is allowed.
23 | Certain commands, in particular roff____ and pr__, disallow
24 | messages in order to prevent messy output.
25 | 
26 | If the character "!" is found at the beginning of a line,
27 | write_____ calls the mini-shell msh___ to execute the rest of the
28 | line as a command.
29 | 
30 | The following protocol is suggested for using write_____:
31 | When you first write to another user, wait for him to
32 | write back before starting to send.
33 | Each party should end each message with a distinctive
34 | signal ("(o)" for "over" is conventional) that the other may reply.
35 | "(oo)" (for "over and out") is suggested when conversation
36 | is about to be terminated.
37 | 
38 | .ti 0
39 | FILES		/tmp/utmp	to find user
40 | .br
41 | /etc/msh	to execute !
42 | .sp
43 | .ti 0
44 | SEE ALSO	mesg(I), msh(VII)
45 | .sp
46 | .ti 0
47 | DIAGNOSTICS	"user not logged in"; "permission denied".
48 | .sp
49 | .ti 0
50 | BUGS		write_____
51 | should check the mode of the other user's typewriter
52 | and refuse to proceed unless non-user
53 | write permission is given.
54 | Currently it is possible to write to another
55 | person with the same user-ID even though
56 | he has forbidden messages.
57 | 
58 | write_____ should also allow specification of
59 | the typewriter name of a user who
60 | is logged in several times instead
61 | of picking out the instance with the
62 | lowest name.
63 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man2/boot.2:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'BOOT (II)'7/29/72'BOOT (II)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		boot -- reboot UNIX
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	sys boot	/ boot = 39. not in assembler
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	UNIX
11 | will clean up outstanding I\/O, and then execute
12 | the reboot read-only program.
13 | This call is restricted to the super-user.
14 | All users will be logged out.
15 | .sp
16 | .ti 0
17 | SEE ALSO	boot procedures (VII)
18 | .sp
19 | .ti 0
20 | DIAGNOSTICS	the c-bit is set if you are
21 | not the super-user
22 | .sp
23 | .ti 0
24 | BUGS		It
25 | often doesn't work (for unknown reasons).
26 | .br
27 | It depends on switch settings.
28 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man2/break.2:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'BREAK (II)'3/15/72'BREAK (II)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		break  --  set program break
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	sys break; addr  / break = 17.
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	break_____
11 | sets the system's idea of the highest location used by the program
12 | to addr____.  Locations greater than addr____ and below the stack pointer
13 | are not swapped and are thus liable to unexpected modification.
14 | .sp
15 | An argument of 0 is taken to mean 16K bytes.
16 | If the argument is higher than the stack pointer the
17 | entire user core area is swapped.
18 | .sp
19 | When a program begins execution via exec____
20 | the break is set at the
21 | highest location defined by the program
22 | and data storage areas.
23 | Ordinarily, therefore, only programs with growing
24 | data areas need to use break_____.
25 | .sp
26 | .ti 0
27 | SEE ALSO	exec(II)
28 | .sp
29 | .ti 0
30 | DIAGNOSTICS	none; strange addresses cause the break to be
31 | set at 16K bytes.
32 | .sp
33 | .ti 0
34 | BUGS		--
35 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man2/cemt.2:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'CEMT (II)'9/4/72'CEMT (II)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		cemt  --  catch emt traps
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | .nf
 8 | SYNOPSIS	sys cemt; arg  / cemt = 29.
 9 | .fi
10 | .sp
11 | .ti 0
12 | DESCRIPTION	This call
13 | allows one to catch traps resulting from
14 | the emt___ instruction.
15 | Arg___ is a location within the program; emt___ traps
16 | are sent to that location.
17 | The normal effect of emt___ traps may be restored by giving
18 | an arg___ equal to 0.
19 | .sp
20 | To return after catching the emt___
21 | trap, execute the rti___ instruction.
22 | .sp
23 | .ti 0
24 | SEE ALSO	--
25 | .sp
26 | .ti 0
27 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
28 | .sp
29 | .ti 0
30 | BUGS		--
31 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man2/chdir.2:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'CHDIR (II)'3/15/72'CHDIR (II)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		chdir  --  change working directory
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	sys chdir; dirname  / chdir = 12.
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	dirname_______
11 | is the address of the pathname of a directory, terminated by a 0 byte.
12 | chdir_____ causes this directory
13 | to become the current working directory.
14 | .sp
15 | .ti 0
16 | SEE ALSO	chdir(I)
17 | .sp
18 | .ti 0
19 | DIAGNOSTICS	The error bit (c-bit)
20 | is set if the given name is not that of a directory
21 | or is not readable.
22 | .sp
23 | .ti 0
24 | BUGS		--
25 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man2/chmod.2:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'CHMOD (II)'3/15/72'CHMOD (II)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		chmod  --  change mode of file
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	sys chmod; name; mode  / chmod = 15.
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	The file whose name
11 | is given as the null-terminated string pointed to by name____
12 | has its mode changed to mode____.
13 | Modes are constructed by or__ing together some
14 | combination of the following:
15 | .sp
16 | .in +3
17 |  01 write, non-owner
18 |  02 read, non-owner
19 |  04 write, owner
20 |  10 read, owner
21 |  20 executable
22 |  40 set user ID on execution
23 | .in -3
24 | .sp
25 | Only the owner of a file (or the super-user) may change the mode.
26 | .sp
27 | .ti 0
28 | SEE ALSO	chmod(I)
29 | .sp
30 | .ti 0
31 | DIAGNOSTICS	Error bit
32 | (c-bit) set if name____ cannot be found or if current user
33 | is neither the owner of the file nor the super-user.
34 | .sp
35 | .ti 0
36 | BUGS		--
37 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man2/chown.2:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'CHOWN (II)'3/15/72'CHOWN (II)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		chown  --  change owner of file
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	sys chown; name; owner  / chown = 16.
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	The file
11 | whose name is given by the null-terminated string pointed
12 | to by name____ has its owner changed to owner_____.
13 | Only the present owner of a file (or the super-user) may
14 | donate the file to another user.  Also, one may not
15 | change the owner of a file with the set-user-ID bit
16 | on, otherwise one could create Trojan Horses.
17 | .sp
18 | .ti 0
19 | SEE ALSO	chown(I), uids(V)
20 | .sp
21 | .ti 0
22 | DIAGNOSTICS	The error bit (c-bit) is set
23 | on illegal owner changes.
24 | .sp
25 | .ti 0
26 | BUGS		--
27 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man2/close.2:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'CLOSE (II)'3/15/72'CLOSE (II)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		close  --  close a file
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	(file descriptor in r0)
 8 | .br
 9 | sys close  / close = 6.
10 | .sp
11 | .ti 0
12 | DESCRIPTION	Given
13 | a file descriptor such as returned from an open or creat call,
14 | close_____ closes the associated file.
15 | A close of all files is automatic on exit, but since
16 | processes are limited to 10 simultaneously open files,
17 | close_____ is necessary for programs which deal with many files.
18 | .sp
19 | .ti 0
20 | SEE ALSO	creat(II), open(II)
21 | .sp
22 | .ti 0
23 | DIAGNOSTICS	The error bit
24 | (c-bit) is set for an unknown file descriptor.
25 | .sp
26 | .ti 0
27 | BUGS		--
28 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man2/creat.2:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'CREAT (II)'3/15/72'CREAT (II)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		creat  --  create a new file
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	sys	creat; name; mode	/ creat = 8.
 8 | .br
 9 | (file descriptor in r0)
10 | .sp
11 | .ti 0
12 | DESCRIPTION	creat_____
13 | creates a new file or prepares to rewrite an existing
14 | file called name____;
15 | name____ is the address of a null-terminated string.
16 | If the file did not exist, it is given mode mode____;
17 | if it did exist, its mode and owner remain unchanged
18 | but it is truncated to 0 length.
19 | .sp
20 | The file is also opened for writing, and its file descriptor
21 | is returned in r0.
22 | .sp
23 | The mode____ given is arbitrary; it need not allow
24 | writing.
25 | This feature is used by programs which deal with temporary
26 | files of fixed names.  The creation is done with
27 | a mode that forbids writing.  Then if a second
28 | instance of the program attempts a creat_____, an error is
29 | returned and the program knows that the name is unusable
30 | for the moment.
31 | .sp
32 | .ti 0
33 | SEE ALSO	write(II), close(II)
34 | .sp
35 | .ti 0
36 | DIAGNOSTICS	The error bit
37 | (c-bit) may be set if: a needed directory is not readable;
38 | the file does not exist and the directory
39 | in which it is to be created is not writable; the file
40 | does exist and is unwritable;
41 | the file is a directory;
42 | there are already 10 files open.
43 | .sp
44 | .ti 0
45 | BUGS		--
46 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man2/csw.2:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'CSW (II)'7/29/72'CSW (II)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		csw -- read console switches
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	sys csw	/ csw = 38. not in assembler
 8 | .br
 9 | (value of csw in r0)
10 | .br
11 | (value of buttons in r1)
12 | .sp
13 | .ti 0
14 | DESCRIPTION	The setting of
15 | the console switches is returned in r0.
16 | The setting of the
17 | external buttons is returned in r1.
18 | .a
19 | The return is synced to
20 | a 30 CPS clock for graphical applications.
21 | .sp
22 | .ti 0
23 | SEE ALSO	--
24 | .sp
25 | .ti 0
26 | DIAGNOSTICS	none
27 | .sp
28 | .ti 0
29 | BUGS		Currently the buttons are unavailable.
30 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man2/dup.2:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'DUP (II)'1/15/73'DUP (II)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		dup -- duplicate an open file descriptor
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	(file descriptor in r0)
 8 | .br
 9 | sys dup	/ dup = 41.; not in assembler
10 | .br
11 | (file descriptor in r0)
12 | .sp
13 | .ti 0
14 | DESCRIPTION	Given
15 | a file descriptor returned from
16 | an open or creat call,
17 | dup___
18 | will allocate another file descriptor
19 | synonymous
20 | with
21 | the original.
22 | The new file descriptor is returned in r0.
23 | .sp
24 | Dup___
25 | is used more to manipulate the value
26 | of file descriptors
27 | than to genuinely
28 | duplicate a file descriptor.
29 | Since the algorithm to allocate
30 | file descriptors
31 | is known to use the
32 | lowest available
33 | value between 0 and 9,
34 | combinations of dup___
35 | and close_____ can be
36 | used to
37 | manipulate file descriptors
38 | in a general way.
39 | This is handy for
40 | manipulating standard input and/or
41 | standard output.
42 | .sp
43 | .ti 0
44 | SEE ALSO	creat(II), open(II), close(II)
45 | .sp
46 | .ti 0
47 | DIAGNOSTICS	The
48 | error bit (c-bit)
49 | is set if:
50 | the given file descriptor is invalid;
51 | there are already 10 open files.
52 | .sp
53 | .ti 0
54 | BUGS		--
55 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man2/exec.2:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'EXEC (II)'3/15/72'EXEC (II)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		exec  --  execute a file
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	sys exec; name; args  / exec = 11.
 8 | .br
 9 | .li
10 | ...
11 | .ti -6
12 | name: <...\\0>
13 | .br
14 | .li
15 | ...
16 | .ti -6
17 | args: arg1; arg2; ...; 0
18 | .ti -6
19 | arg1: <...\\0>
20 | .br
21 | .li
22 | ...
23 | .sp
24 | .ti 0
25 | DESCRIPTION	exec____
26 | overlays the calling process with the named file, then
27 | transfers to the
28 | beginning of the core image of the file.
29 | The first argument to exec____ is a pointer to the name of the file
30 | to be executed.
31 | The second is the address of a list of pointers to
32 | arguments to be passed to the file.
33 | Conventionally, the first argument is the name of the
34 | file.
35 | Each pointer addresses a string terminated by a null byte.
36 | .sp
37 | There can be no return from the file; the calling core image
38 | is lost.
39 | 
40 | The program break is set from the executed file; see the format
41 | of a.out.
42 | 
43 | Once the called file starts execution, the arguments are available
44 | as follows.
45 | The stack pointer points to a word containing the number of arguments.  Just above
46 | this number is a list of pointers to the argument strings.
47 | 
48 |   sp->	nargs
49 | 	arg1
50 | 	...
51 | 	argn
52 | 
53 |  arg1:	<arg1\\0>
54 | 	...
55 |  argn:	<argn\\0>
56 | 
57 | The arguments are placed as high as possible in core:
58 | just below 57000(8).
59 | 
60 | Files remain open across
61 | exec____ calls.  However, the illegal instruction, emt___, quit, and interrupt trap
62 | specifications are reset to the standard values.
63 | (See ilgins______, cemt____, quit____, intr____.)
64 | 
65 | Each user has a real____ user ID and an effective_________ user ID
66 | (The real ID identifies the person using the system;
67 | the effective ID determines his access privileges.)
68 | exec____ changes the effective user ID to
69 | the owner of the executed file if the file has the "set-user-ID"
70 | mode.  The real user ID is not affected.
71 | .sp
72 | .ti 0
73 | SEE ALSO	fork(II)
74 | .sp
75 | .ti 0
76 | DIAGNOSTICS	If
77 | the file cannot be read or if it is not executable, a return
78 | from exec____ constitutes the diagnostic.
79 | The error bit (c-bit) is set.
80 | .sp
81 | .ti 0
82 | BUGS		Very high core and
83 | very low core are used by exec____
84 | to construct the argument list
85 | for the new core image.
86 | If the original copies of the
87 | arguments reside in these places,
88 | problems can result.
89 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man2/exit.2:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'EXIT (II)'3/15/72'EXIT (II)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		exit  --  terminate process
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	(status in r0)
 8 | .br
 9 | sys exit  / exit = 1
10 | .sp
11 | .ti 0
12 | DESCRIPTION	exit____
13 | is the normal means of terminating a process.
14 | Exit closes all the process' files and notifies the parent process
15 | if it is executing a wait____.
16 | The low byte of r0
17 | is available as status to the parent process.
18 | .sp
19 | This call can never return.
20 | .sp
21 | .ti 0
22 | SEE ALSO	wait(II)
23 | .sp
24 | .ti 0
25 | DIAGNOSTICS	-
26 | .sp
27 | .ti 0
28 | BUGS		--
29 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man2/fork.2:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'FORK (II)'3/15/72'FORK (II)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		fork  --  spawn new process
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	sys fork  / fork = 2.
 8 | .br
 9 | (new process return)
10 | .br
11 | (old process return)
12 | .sp
13 | .ti 0
14 | DESCRIPTION	fork____
15 | is the only way new processes are created.
16 | The new process's core image is a copy of
17 | that of the caller of fork____; the only distinction
18 | is the return location and the fact
19 | that r0 in the old process contains the process ID
20 | of the new process.
21 | This process ID is used by wait____.
22 | .sp
23 | .ti 0
24 | SEE ALSO	wait(II), exec(II)
25 | .sp
26 | .ti 0
27 | DIAGNOSTICS	The error bit
28 | (c-bit) is set in the old process if a new process
29 | could not be created because of lack of process space.
30 | .sp
31 | .ti 0
32 | BUGS		See wait(II) for a subtile bug in process destruction.
33 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man2/fpe.2:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'FPE (II)'9/2/72'FPE (II)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		fpe -- set floating exception handling
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	sys fpe; arg / fpe = 40. not in assembler
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	This call
11 | allows one to catch traps resulting from
12 | floating point exceptions.
13 | Arg___ is a location within the program; floating exception traps
14 | are sent to that location.
15 | The normal effect of floating exception traps may be restored by giving
16 | an arg___ equal to 0.
17 | .sp
18 | To return after catching the
19 | fpe___
20 | trap, execute the rti___ instruction.
21 | .sp
22 | .ti 0
23 | SEE ALSO	--
24 | .sp
25 | .ti 0
26 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
27 | .sp
28 | .ti 0
29 | BUGS		The
30 | floating point exception (FEC) register
31 | is not saved per process.
32 | Examining this register for possible
33 | remedial action after a floating point
34 | exception trap is not guaranteed to work.
35 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man2/fstat.2:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'FSTAT (II)'3/15/72'FSTAT (II)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		fstat  --  get status of open file
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	(file descriptor in r0)
 8 | .br
 9 | sys fstat; buf  / fstat = 28.
10 | .sp
11 | .ti 0
12 | DESCRIPTION	This
13 | call is identical to stat____, except that it operates
14 | on open files instead of files given by name.
15 | It is most often used to get the status
16 | of the standard input and output files, whose names
17 | are unknown.
18 | .sp
19 | .ti 0
20 | SEE ALSO	stat(II)
21 | .sp
22 | .ti 0
23 | DIAGNOSTICS	The error bit
24 | (c-bit) is set if the file descriptor is unknown.
25 | .sp
26 | .ti 0
27 | BUGS		--
28 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man2/getuid.2:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'GETUID (II)'3/15/72'GETUID (II)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		getuid  --  get user identification
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	sys getuid  / getuid = 24.
 8 | .br
 9 | (user ID in r0)
10 | .sp
11 | .ti 0
12 | DESCRIPTION	getuid______ returns
13 | the real user ID of
14 | the current process.
15 | The real user ID identifies the person who is logged in,
16 | in contradistinction to the effective user ID, which
17 | determines his access permission at each moment.
18 | It is thus useful to programs which operate using
19 | the "set user ID" mode, to find out who invoked them.
20 | .sp
21 | .ti 0
22 | .ti 0
23 | SEE ALSO	setuid(II)
24 | .sp
25 | .ti 0
26 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
27 | .sp
28 | .ti 0
29 | BUGS		--
30 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man2/gtty.2:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'GTTY (II)'3/15/72'GTTY (II)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		gtty  --  get typewriter status
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	(file descriptor in r0)
 8 | .br
 9 | sys gtty; arg  / gtty = 32.
10 | .br
11 | .li
12 | ...
13 | .ti -5
14 | arg: .=.+6
15 | .sp
16 | .ti 0
17 | DESCRIPTION	gtty____
18 | stores in the three words addressed by arg___ the status
19 | of the typewriter whose file descriptor is given in r0.
20 | The format is the same as that passed by stty____.
21 | .sp
22 | .ti 0
23 | SEE ALSO	stty(II)
24 | .sp
25 | .ti 0
26 | DIAGNOSTICS	Error bit
27 | (c-bit) is set if the file descriptor does not refer
28 | to a typewriter.
29 | .sp
30 | .ti 0
31 | BUGS		--
32 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man2/ilgins.2:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'ILGINS (II)'3/15/72'ILGINS (II)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		ilgins  --  catch illegal instruction trap
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	sys ilgins; arg  / ilgins = 33.
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	ilgins______
11 | allows a program to catch illegal instruction traps.
12 | If arg___
13 | is zero, the normal instruction trap handling is done:
14 | the process is terminated and a core image is produced.
15 | If arg___
16 | is a location within the program, control
17 | is passed to arg___ when the trap occurs.
18 | .sp
19 | This call is used to implement the floating point simulator,
20 | which catches and interprets 11/45 floating point
21 | instructions.
22 | .sp
23 | To return after catching the
24 | ilgins______
25 | trap, execute the rti___ instruction.
26 | .sp
27 | .ti 0
28 | SEE ALSO	PDP-11 manual
29 | .sp
30 | .ti 0
31 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
32 | .sp
33 | .ti 0
34 | BUGS		--
35 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man2/intr.2:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'INTR (II)'3/15/72'INTR (II)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		intr  --  set interrupt handling
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	sys intr; arg  / intr = 27.
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	When arg___ is 0,
11 | interrupts (ASCII DELETE) are ignored.
12 | When arg___ is 1,
13 | interrupts cause their normal result, that is, force an exit____.
14 | When arg___ is a location within the program, control is
15 | transferred to that location when an interrupt occurs.
16 | .sp
17 | After an interrupt is caught, it is possible to resume
18 | execution by means of an rti___ instruction; however, great
19 | care must be exercised, since
20 | all I/O is terminated abruptly upon an interrupt.
21 | In particular, reads of the typewriter tend to return
22 | with 0 characters read, thus simulating an end of file.
23 | .sp
24 | .ti 0
25 | SEE ALSO	quit(II)
26 | .sp
27 | .ti 0
28 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
29 | .sp
30 | .ti 0
31 | BUGS		--
32 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man2/kill.2:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'KILL (II)'6/12/72'KILL (II)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		kill -- destroy process
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	(process number in r0)
 8 | .br
 9 | sys kill  / kill = 37.; not in assembler
10 | .sp
11 | .ti 0
12 | DESCRIPTION	kill____
13 | destroys a process, given its process number.
14 | The process leaves a core image.
15 | 
16 | This call is restricted to the super-user,
17 | and is intended only to kill an otherwise
18 | unstoppable process.
19 | .sp
20 | .ti 0
21 | SEE ALSO	--
22 | .sp
23 | .ti 0
24 | DIAGNOSTICS	c-bit set
25 | if user is not the super-user, or if process does not exist.
26 | .sp
27 | .ti 0
28 | BUGS		Under
29 | strange circumstances, kill____ is ineffective.
30 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man2/link.2:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'LINK (II)'3/15/72'LINK (II)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		link -- link to a file
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	sys link; name\d1\u; name\d2\u  / link = 9.
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	A link
11 | to name____\d1\u is created; the link has name name____\d2\u.
12 | Either name may be an arbitrary path name.
13 | .sp
14 | .ti 0
15 | SEE ALSO	link(I), unlink(II)
16 | .sp
17 | .ti 0
18 | DIAGNOSTICS	The error bit
19 | (c-bit) is set when name____\d1\u
20 | cannot be found; when name____\d2\u
21 | already exists; when the directory of name____\d2\u
22 | cannot be written; when
23 | an attempt is made to link to a directory by a user other than the super-user.
24 | .sp
25 | .ti 0
26 | BUGS		--
27 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man2/makdir.2:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'MAKDIR (II)'3/15/72'MAKDIR (II)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		makdir  --  make a directory
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	sys  makdir; name; mode  / makdir = 14.
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	makdir______ creates an empty directory
11 | whose name is the null-terminated string pointed
12 | to by name____.
13 | The mode of the directory is mode____.
14 | The special entries "." and ".." are not present.
15 | .sp
16 | makdir______ may be invoked only by the super-user.
17 | .sp
18 | .ti 0
19 | SEE ALSO	mkdir(I)
20 | .sp
21 | .ti 0
22 | DIAGNOSTICS	Error bit (c-bit)
23 | is set if the directory already exists
24 | or if the user is not the super-user.
25 | .sp
26 | .ti 0
27 | BUGS		--
28 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man2/mdate.2:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'MDATE (II)'3/15/72'MDATE (II)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		mdate  --  set modified date on file
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	(time to r0-r1)
 8 | .br
 9 | .nf
10 | sys mdate; file  / mdate = 30.
11 | .fi
12 | .sp
13 | .ti 0
14 | DESCRIPTION	File____
15 | is the address of a null-terminated string giving the
16 | name of a file.
17 | The modified time of the file is set to the time given in
18 | the r0-r1 registers.
19 | .sp
20 | This call is allowed only to the super-user
21 | or to the owner of the file.
22 | .sp
23 | .ti 0
24 | SEE ALSO	--
25 | .sp
26 | .ti 0
27 | DIAGNOSTICS	Error bit
28 | is set if the user is neither the owner nor the super-user or if the file cannot be found.
29 | .sp
30 | .ti 0
31 | BUGS		--
32 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man2/mount.2:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'MOUNT (II)'3/15/72'MOUNT (II)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		mount  --  mount file system
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | .nf
 8 | SYNOPSIS	sys  mount; special; name  / mount = 21.
 9 | .fi
10 | .sp
11 | .ti 0
12 | DESCRIPTION	mount_____
13 | announces to the system that a removable file system has
14 | been mounted on special file special_______;
15 | from now on, references to file name____ will refer to
16 | the root file on the newly mounted file system.
17 | Special_______ and name____ are pointers to null-terminated strings
18 | containing the appropriate path names.
19 | 
20 | Name____ must exist already.  If it had contents,
21 | they are inaccessible while the file system
22 | is mounted.
23 | .sp
24 | .ti 0
25 | SEE ALSO	mount(I), umount(II)
26 | .sp
27 | .ti 0
28 | DIAGNOSTICS	Error bit
29 | (c-bit) set if: special_______ is inaccessible; name____
30 | does not exist;
31 | special_______ is already mounted;
32 | name____ is not on the RF;
33 | there are already four special files mounted.
34 | .sp
35 | .ti 0
36 | BUGS		At most
37 | four removable devices can be mounted at a time.
38 | This call should be restricted to the super-used.
39 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man2/nice.2:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'NICE (II)'3/15/72'NICE (II)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		nice -- set program in low priority
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	sys nice  / nice = 34.
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	The
11 | currently executing process is set into
12 | the lowest priority execution queue.
13 | Background jobs that execute a very long
14 | time should do this.
15 | Once done,
16 | there is no way to restore
17 | a process to normal
18 | priority.
19 | .sp
20 | .ti 0
21 | SEE ALSO	formerly known as "hog"
22 | .sp
23 | .ti 0
24 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
25 | .sp
26 | .ti 0
27 | BUGS		--
28 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man2/open.2:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'OPEN (II)'3/15/72'OPEN (II)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		open  --  open for reading or writing
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	sys open; name; mode  / open = 5.
 8 | .br
 9 | (descriptor in r0)
10 | .sp
11 | .ti 0
12 | DESCRIPTION	open____ opens the file name____ for reading
13 | (if mode____ is 0) or writing (if mode____ is non-zero).
14 | name____ is the address of a string of ASCII characters representing
15 | a path name, terminated by a null character.
16 | .sp
17 | The file descriptor should be saved for subsequent calls
18 | to read (or write) and close.
19 | .sp
20 | In both the read and write case the file pointer
21 | is set to the beginning of the file.
22 | .sp
23 | .ti 0
24 | SEE ALSO	creat(II), read(II), write(II), close(II)
25 | .sp
26 | .ti 0
27 | DIAGNOSTICS	The error bit
28 | (c-bit) is set if the file does not exist,
29 | if one of the necessary directories
30 | does not exist or is unreadable, if the file is not
31 | readable (resp. writable), or if 10 files are open.
32 | .sp
33 | .ti 0
34 | BUGS		--
35 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man2/pipe.2:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'PIPE (II)'1/15/73'PIPE (II)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		pipe -- create a pipe
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	sys pipe	/ pipe = 42.; not in assembler
 8 | .br
 9 | (file descriptor in r0)
10 | .sp
11 | .ti 0
12 | DESCRIPTION	The
13 | pipe____
14 | system call
15 | creates an I/O mechanism called a pipe.
16 | The file descriptor returned can
17 | be used in both read and write operations.
18 | When the pipe is written,
19 | the data is buffered up to 504 bytes
20 | at which time the writing process is suspended.
21 | A read on the pipe will pick up the buffered data.
22 | .sp
23 | It is assumed that after the
24 | pipe____ has been set up,
25 | two (or more)
26 | cooperating processes
27 | (created by subsequent fork____ calls)
28 | will pass data through the
29 | pipe with read____ and write_____ calls.
30 | 
31 | The shell has a syntax
32 | to set up a linear array of processes
33 | connected by pipes.
34 | .sp
35 | Read calls on an empty
36 | pipe (no buffered data) with only one end
37 | (no synonymous file
38 | descriptors resulting from fork____ or dup___)
39 | return an end-of-file.
40 | Write calls under similar conditions are ignored.
41 | 
42 | .ti 0
43 | SEE ALSO	sh(I), read(II), write(II), fork(II)
44 | .sp
45 | .ti 0
46 | DIAGNOSTICS	The error
47 | bit (c-bit) is set if
48 | 10 files are already open.
49 | .sp
50 | .ti 0
51 | BUGS		--
52 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man2/quit.2:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'QUIT (II)'3/15/72'QUIT (II)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		quit  --  turn off quit signal
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	sys quit; flag  / quit = 26.
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	When flag____ is 0, this call disables
11 | quit signals from the typewriter (ASCII FS).
12 | When flag____ is non-zero, quits are re-enabled,
13 | and cause execution to cease and a core image to be produced.
14 | .sp
15 | Quits should be turned off only with due consideration.
16 | .sp
17 | .ti 0
18 | SEE ALSO	intr(II)
19 | .sp
20 | .ti 0
21 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
22 | .sp
23 | .ti 0
24 | BUGS		--
25 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man2/read.2:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'READ (II)'3/15/72'READ (II)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		read  --  read from file
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	(file descriptor in r0)
 8 | .br
 9 | sys read; buffer; nbytes  / read = 3.
10 | .br
11 | (nread in r0)
12 | .sp
13 | .ti 0
14 | DESCRIPTION	A file descriptor is a word
15 | returned from a successful open____ or creat_____ call.
16 | .sp
17 | Buffer______ is the location of nbytes______ contiguous
18 | bytes into which the input will be placed.  It is not guaranteed
19 | that all nbytes______ bytes will be read; for example
20 | if the file refers to a typewriter at most one line
21 | will be returned.
22 | In any event the number of characters read is returned
23 | in r0.
24 | .sp
25 | If r0 returns with value 0, then
26 | end-of-file has been reached.
27 | .sp
28 | .ti 0
29 | SEE ALSO	open(II), creat(II)
30 | .sp
31 | .ti 0
32 | DIAGNOSTICS	As mentioned,
33 | r0 is 0 on return when the end of the file has been reached.
34 | If the read was otherwise unsuccessful
35 | the error bit (c-bit) is set.  Many conditions,
36 | can generate an error:
37 | physical I/O errors, bad buffer address,
38 | preposterous nbytes______, file descriptor not that of
39 | an input file.
40 | .sp
41 | .ti 0
42 | BUGS		--
43 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man2/rele.2:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'RELE (II)'3/15/72'RELE (II)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		rele  --  release processor
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	sys rele  / rele = 0;  not in assembler
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	This call
11 | causes the process to be swapped out immediately if
12 | another process wants to run.
13 | Its main reason for being is internal
14 | to the system, namely to implement timer-runout swaps.
15 | However, it can be used beneficially by programs
16 | which wish to loop for some reason without
17 | consuming more processor time than necessary.
18 | .sp
19 | .ti 0
20 | SEE ALSO	--
21 | .sp
22 | .ti 0
23 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
24 | .sp
25 | .ti 0
26 | BUGS		--
27 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man2/seek.2:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'SEEK (II)'3/15/72'SEEK (II)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		seek  --  move read/write pointer
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	(file descriptor in r0)
 8 | .br
 9 | sys seek; offset; ptrname  / seek = 19.
10 | .a
11 | .sp
12 | .ti 0
13 | DESCRIPTION	The file
14 | descriptor refers to a file open for reading or writing.
15 | The read (resp. write) pointer for the file is set as follows:
16 | .in +3
17 | .sp
18 | if ptrname_______ is 0, the pointer is set to offset______.
19 | .sp
20 | if ptrname_______
21 | is 1, the pointer is set to its current location plus offset______.
22 | .sp
23 | if ptrname_______ is 2, the pointer is set to the size of the
24 | file plus offset______.
25 | .sp
26 | .in -3
27 | .sp
28 | .ti 0
29 | SEE ALSO	--
30 | .sp
31 | .ti 0
32 | DIAGNOSTICS	The error bit
33 | (c-bit) is set for an undefined file descriptor.
34 | .sp
35 | .ti 0
36 | BUGS		A file
37 | can conceptually be as large
38 | as 2**20 bytes.
39 | Clearly only 2**16 bytes can be addressed by
40 | seek____.
41 | The problem is most acute on the
42 | large special files.
43 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man2/setuid.2:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'SETUID (II)'3/15/72'SETUID (II)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		setuid  --  set process ID
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	(process ID in r0)
 8 | .br
 9 | sys setuid  / setuid = 23.
10 | .sp
11 | .ti 0
12 | DESCRIPTION	The user ID of the current process is set to
13 | the argument in r0.
14 | Both the effective and the real user ID are set.
15 | This call is only permitted to the super-user
16 | or if r0 is the real user ID.
17 | .sp
18 | .ti 0
19 | SEE ALSO	getuid(II)
20 | .sp
21 | .ti 0
22 | DIAGNOSTICS	Error bit
23 | (c-bit) is set as indicated.
24 | .sp
25 | .ti 0
26 | BUGS		--
27 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man2/sleep.2:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'SLEEP (II)'9/4/72'SLEEP (II)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		sleep -- stop execution for interval
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	(seconds in r0)
 8 | .br
 9 | sys sleep  / sleep = 35.; not in assembler
10 | .sp
11 | .ti 0
12 | DESCRIPTION	The
13 | current process is suspended from execution
14 | for the number of seconds specified
15 | by the contents of register 0.
16 | .sp
17 | .ti 0
18 | SEE ALSO	--
19 | .sp
20 | .ti 0
21 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
22 | .sp
23 | .ti 0
24 | BUGS		Due to the
25 | implementation,
26 | the sleep interval is only
27 | accurate to 256 60ths of a
28 | second (4.26 sec).
29 | Even then, the process is placed
30 | on a low priority queue and must be
31 | scheduled.
32 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man2/stat.2:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'STAT (II)'3/15/72'STAT (II)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		stat  --  get file status
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	sys stat; name; buf  / stat = 18.
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	name____ points to a null-terminated string naming
11 | a file; buf___ is the address of a 34(10) byte buffer
12 | into which information is placed concerning the file.
13 | It is unnecessary to have any
14 | permissions at all with respect to the file, but all directories
15 | leading to the file must be readable.
16 | .sp
17 | After stat____, buf___ has the following format:
18 | .sp
19 | .nf
20 | buf, +1		i-number
21 | .br
22 | +2,+3		flags (see below)
23 | .br
24 | +4		number of links
25 | .br
26 | +5		user ID of owner
27 | .br
28 | +6,+7		size in bytes
29 | .br
30 | +8,+9		first indirect block or contents block
31 | .br
32 | .li
33 | ...
34 | .br
35 | +22,+23		eighth indirect block or contents block
36 | .br
37 | +24,+25,+26,+27	creation time
38 | .br
39 | +28,+29,+30,+31	modification time
40 | .br
41 | +32,+33		unused
42 | .fi
43 | .sp
44 | The flags are as follows:
45 | .sp
46 | .in +3
47 | .nf
48 | 100000	used (always on)
49 | 040000	directory
50 | .nf
51 | 020000	file has been modified (always on)
52 | .fi
53 | 010000	large file
54 | .br
55 | 000040	set user ID
56 | .br
57 | 000020	executable
58 | .br
59 | 000010	read, owner
60 | .br
61 | 000004	write, owner
62 | .br
63 | 000002	read, non-owner
64 | .br
65 | 000001	write, non-owner
66 | .sp
67 | .in -3
68 | .fi
69 | .ti 0
70 | SEE ALSO	stat(I), fstat(II)
71 | .sp
72 | .ti 0
73 | DIAGNOSTICS	Error bit (c-bit)
74 | is set if the file cannot be found.
75 | .sp
76 | .ti 0
77 | BUGS		--
78 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man2/stime.2:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'STIME (II)'3/15/72'STIME (II)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		stime  --  set time
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	(time in r0-r1)
 8 | .br
 9 | sys stime    / stime = 25.
10 | .sp
11 | .ti 0
12 | DESCRIPTION	stime_____
13 | sets the system's idea of the time and date.
14 | Only the super-user may use this call.
15 | .sp
16 | .ti 0
17 | SEE ALSO	date(I), time(II)
18 | .sp
19 | .ti 0
20 | DIAGNOSTICS	Error bit (c-bit)
21 | set if user is not the super-user.
22 | .sp
23 | .ti 0
24 | BUGS		--
25 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man2/sync.2:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'SYNC (II)'6/12/72'SYNC (II)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		sync -- update super-block
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	sys sync  / sync = 36.; not in assembler
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	sync____
11 | causes the super block for all file systems to be written out.
12 | It is only necessary on systems in which
13 | this writing may be delayed
14 | for a long time, i.e., those which
15 | incorporate hardware protection facilities.
16 | 
17 | It should be used by programs which examine a file system,
18 | for example check, df, tm, etc.
19 | .sp
20 | .ti 0
21 | SEE ALSO	--
22 | .sp
23 | .ti 0
24 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
25 | .sp
26 | .ti 0
27 | BUGS		--
28 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man2/time.2:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'TIME (II)'3/15/72'TIME (II)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		time  --  get time of year
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	sys time  / time = 13.
 8 | .br
 9 | (time r0-r1)
10 | .sp
11 | .ti 0
12 | DESCRIPTION	time____
13 | returns the time since 00:00:00, Jan. 1, 1972, measured
14 | in sixtieths of a second.
15 | The high order word is in the r0 register and the low order
16 | is in the r1.
17 | .sp
18 | .ti 0
19 | SEE ALSO	date(I), mdate(II)
20 | .sp
21 | .ti 0
22 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
23 | .sp
24 | .ti 0
25 | BUGS		The time
26 | is stored in 32 bits.
27 | This guarantees a crisis every
28 | 2.26 years.
29 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man2/times.2:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'TIMES(II)'2/10/73'TIMES(II)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		times -- get process times
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | .nf
 8 | SYNOPSIS	sys  times; buffer  / times = 43.; not in assembler
 9 | .br
10 | .fi
11 | .li
12 | ...
13 | .ti -8
14 | buffer:	.=.+[24.*3]
15 | .sp
16 | .ti 0
17 | DESCRIPTION	times_____
18 | returns time-accounting information
19 | for the system as a whole, for the current process,
20 | and for the terminated child processes
21 | of the current process.
22 | All the times are 2-word (32-bit) numbers, and the
23 | unit of measurement is 1/60 second.
24 | 
25 | After the call, the buffer will appear as follows:
26 | 
27 | buffer:
28 | .br
29 | system:
30 | 	.=.+4		/ absolute time
31 | 	.=.+4		/ total system time
32 | 	.=.+4		/ total swap time
33 | 	.=.+4		/ other I/O wait time
34 | 	.=.+4		/ idle time
35 | 	.=.+4		/ total user time
36 | 
37 | process:
38 | 	.=.+4		/ (ignore)
39 | 	.=.+4		/ time in system
40 | 	.=.+4		/ (ignore)
41 | 	.=.+4		/ I/O wait time
42 | 	.=.+4		/ (ignore)
43 | 	.=.+4		/ processor time
44 | 
45 | child:
46 | 	.=.+24.
47 | 
48 | The format of the "child" times is the same as
49 | that for the process times; the numbers are
50 | the sum of the times for all terminated direct
51 | or indirect descendants of the current process.
52 | 
53 | The "absolute" time returned is the same as that
54 | given by time(II).
55 | The "total system times" are times since the last cold
56 | boot.
57 | .sp
58 | .ti 0
59 | FILES		--
60 | .sp
61 | .ti 0
62 | SEE ALSO	time(II), time(I)
63 | .sp
64 | .ti 0
65 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
66 | .sp
67 | .ti 0
68 | BUGS		--
69 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man2/umount.2:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'UMOUNT (II)'3/15/72'UMOUNT (II)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		umount  -- dismount file system
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | .nf
 8 | SYNOPSIS	sys umount; special  / umount = 22.
 9 | .fi
10 | .sp
11 | .ti 0
12 | DESCRIPTION	umount______
13 | announces to the system that special
14 | file special_______ is no longer to contain
15 | a removable file system.
16 | The file associated with the special
17 | file reverts to its ordinary interpretation (see mount_____).
18 | 
19 | The user must take
20 | care that all activity on the file system has ceased.
21 | .sp
22 | .ti 0
23 | SEE ALSO	umount(I), mount(II)
24 | .sp
25 | .ti 0
26 | DIAGNOSTICS	Error bit
27 | (c-bit) set if
28 | no
29 | file system was mounted on the special file.
30 | .sp
31 | .ti 0
32 | BUGS		Use
33 | of this call should
34 | be restricted to the super-user.
35 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man2/unlink.2:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'UNLINK (II)'3/15/72'UNLINK (II)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		unlink  --  remove directory entry
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	sys unlink; name  / unlink = 10.
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	Name____
11 | points to a null-terminated string.
12 | Unlink______
13 | removes the entry for the file pointed to by name____
14 | from its directory.
15 | If this entry was the last link to the file,
16 | the contents of the file are freed and the file is destroyed.
17 | If, however, the file was open in any process, the actual
18 | destruction is delayed until it is closed, even though
19 | the directory entry has disappeared.
20 | .sp
21 | .ti 0
22 | SEE ALSO	rm(I), rmdir(I), link(II)
23 | .sp
24 | .ti 0
25 | DIAGNOSTICS	The error bit
26 | (c-bit) is set to indicate that the file does not
27 | exist or that its directory cannot be written.
28 | Write permission is not required on the file itself.
29 | It is also illegal to unlink a directory
30 | (except for the super-user).
31 | .sp
32 | .ti 0
33 | BUGS		--
34 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man2/wait.2:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'WAIT (II)'9/4/72'WAIT (II)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		wait  --  wait for process to die
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	sys wait  / wait = 7.
 8 | .br
 9 | (process ID in r0)
10 | .br
11 | (termination status/user status in r1)
12 | .sp
13 | .ti 0
14 | DESCRIPTION	wait____
15 | causes its caller to delay until one of its child
16 | processes terminates.
17 | If any child has died since the last wait____, return is immediate;
18 | if there are no children, return is immediate with
19 | the error bit set.
20 | In the case of several children several wait____s are needed
21 | to learn of all the deaths.
22 | .sp
23 | If the error bit is not set on return,
24 | the r1 high byte contains the low byte of the
25 | child process r0 when it terminated.
26 | The r1 low byte contains the termination status
27 | of the process from the following list:
28 | .sp
29 |    0	exit
30 |    1	bus error
31 |    2	illegal instruction
32 |    3	trace trap
33 |    4	IOT trap
34 |    5	power fail trap
35 |    6	EMT trap
36 |    7	bad system call
37 |    8	PIR interrupt
38 |    9	floating point exception
39 |   10	memory violation
40 |   11	quit
41 |   12	interrupt
42 |   13 	kill (see kill(II))
43 |   14	User I/O (not currently possible)
44 |  +16	core image produced
45 | .sp
46 | .ti 0
47 | SEE ALSO	exit(II), fork(II)
48 | .sp
49 | .ti 0
50 | DIAGNOSTICS	error bit
51 | (c-bit) on if no children not previously waited for.
52 | .sp
53 | .ti 0
54 | BUGS		A child
55 | which dies, but is never
56 | waited for consumes
57 | a slot in the process table.
58 | When this table is full,
59 | the system is effectively hung.
60 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man2/write.2:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'WRITE (II)'3/15/72'WRITE (II)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		write  --  write on file
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	(file descriptor in r0)
 8 | .br
 9 | sys write; buffer; nbytes  / write = 4.
10 | .br
11 | (number written in r0)
12 | .sp
13 | .ti 0
14 | DESCRIPTION	A file descriptor is a word returned from a
15 | successful open____ or creat_____ call.
16 | .sp
17 | buffer______ is the address of nbytes______ contiguous
18 | bytes which are written on the output file.
19 | The number of characters actually written is returned in r0.
20 | It should be regarded as an error
21 | if this is not the same as requested.
22 | .sp
23 | Writes which are multiples
24 | of 512 characters long and begin on a 512-byte boundary
25 | are more efficient than any others.
26 | .sp
27 | .ti 0
28 | SEE ALSO	creat(II), open(II)
29 | .sp
30 | .ti 0
31 | DIAGNOSTICS	The error bit
32 | (c-bit) is set on an error: bad descriptor, buffer address, or
33 | count; physical I/O errors.
34 | .sp
35 | .ti 0
36 | BUGS		--
37 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man3/atan.3:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'ATAN, ATAN2 (III)'1/15/73'ATAN, ATAN2 (III)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		atan -- arc tangent function
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	jsr	r5,atan[2]
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	The
11 | atan entry returns the arc tangent
12 | of fr0 in fr0.
13 | The range is -J/2 to J/2.
14 | .sp
15 | The atan2 entry returns the arc tangent
16 | of fr0/fr1 in fr0.
17 | The range is -J to J.
18 | .sp
19 | .ti 0
20 | FILES		kept in /lib/liba.a
21 | .sp
22 | .ti 0
23 | SEE ALSO	--
24 | .sp
25 | .ti 0
26 | DIAGNOSTICS	there is no error return
27 | .sp
28 | .ti 0
29 | BUGS		--
30 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man3/atof.3:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'ATOF (III)'1/15/73'ATOF (III)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		atof -- ascii to floating
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	jsr	r5,atof; subr
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	atof____
11 | will convert an ascii stream to a floating
12 | number returned in fr0.
13 | 
14 | The subroutine subr____
15 | (supplied by the caller)
16 | is called on r5 for each character of the
17 | ascii stream.
18 | subr____ should return the character in r0.
19 | The first character not used in the conversion
20 | is left in r0.
21 | .sp
22 | The only numbers recognized are:  an optional minus
23 | sign followed by a string of digits optionally containing
24 | one decimal point, then followed optionally by the
25 | letter "e" followed by a signed integer.
26 | .sp
27 | The subroutine subr____ must not disturb any registers.
28 | .sp
29 | .ti 0
30 | FILES		kept in /lib/liba.a
31 | .sp
32 | .ti 0
33 | SEE ALSO	Calls atoi (III)
34 | .sp
35 | .ti 0
36 | DIAGNOSTICS	There are none; overflow results in a very large
37 | number and garbage characters terminate the scan.
38 | .sp
39 | .ti 0
40 | BUGS		The
41 | routine should accept initial "+", initial blanks, and "E" for "e".
42 | 
43 | Overflow should be signalled with the carry bit.
44 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man3/atoi.3:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'ATOI (III)'1/15/73'ATOI (III)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		atoi -- ascii to integer
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	jsr	r5,atoi; subr
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	atoi____
11 | will convert an ascii stream to a binary
12 | number returned in r1.
13 | 
14 | The subroutine subr____
15 | (supplied by the caller)
16 | is called on r5 for each character of the
17 | ascii stream.
18 | subr____ should return the character in r0.
19 | The first character not used in the conversion
20 | is left in r0.
21 | .sp
22 | The numbers recognized are:  an optional minus sign
23 | followed by a string of digits.
24 | .sp
25 | The subroutine subr____ must not disturb any registers.
26 | .sp
27 | .ti 0
28 | FILES		kept in /lib/liba.a
29 | .sp
30 | .ti 0
31 | SEE ALSO	--
32 | .sp
33 | .ti 0
34 | DIAGNOSTICS	There are none;
35 | the routine charges on regardless of consequences; see BUGS.
36 | .sp
37 | .ti 0
38 | BUGS		It
39 | pays no attention to overflow - you get whatever the machine
40 | instructions mul and div happen to leave in the low order half
41 | - in fact, the carry bit should be set and isn't.
42 | .sp
43 | The routine should accept initial "+" and initial blanks.
44 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man3/compar.3:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'COMPAR (III)'1/15/73'COMPAR (III)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		compar -- default comparison routine for qsort
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	jsr pc,compar
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	Compar is the default comparison routine
11 | called by qsort and is separated out so that the user can
12 | supply his own comparison.
13 | .sp
14 | The routine is called with the width (in bytes) of
15 | an element in r3 and it compares byte-by-byte the element
16 | pointed to by r0 with the element pointed to by r4.
17 | .sp
18 | Return is via the condition codes,
19 | which are tested by the instructions "blt" and "bgt".
20 | .a
21 | That is, in the absence of overflow, then the 
22 | condition (r0) < (r4) should leave the Z-bit off and N-bit
23 | on while (r0) > (r4) should leave Z and N off.
24 | Still another way of putting it is that  for elements
25 | of length 1 the instruction
26 | 
27 | 	cmpb	(r0),(r4)
28 | 
29 | suffices.
30 | .sp
31 | Only r0 is changed by the call.
32 | .sp
33 | .ti 0
34 | FILES		kept in /lib/liba.a
35 | .sp
36 | .ti 0
37 | SEE ALSO	qsort (III)
38 | .sp
39 | .ti 0
40 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
41 | .sp
42 | .ti 0
43 | BUGS		It could be recoded to run faster.
44 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man3/crypt.3:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'CRYPT (III)'1/15/73'CRYPT (III)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		crypt -- password encoding
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	mov $key,r0
 8 | .br
 9 | jsr pc,crypt
10 | .sp
11 | .ti 0
12 | DESCRIPTION	On entry, r0 should point to a string of
13 | characters terminated by an ASCII NULL.  The routine
14 | performs an operation on the key which is difficult to invert
15 | (i.e. encrypts it) and leaves the resulting eight bytes
16 | of ASCII alphanumerics in a global cell called "word".
17 | .sp
18 | Login uses this result as a password.
19 | .sp
20 | .ti 0
21 | FILES		kept in /lib/liba.a
22 | .sp
23 | .ti 0
24 | SEE ALSO	passwd(I),passwd(V), login(I)
25 | .sp
26 | .ti 0
27 | DIAGNOSTICS	there are none; garbage is accepted.
28 | .sp
29 | .ti 0
30 | BUGS		--
31 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man3/ctime.3:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'CTIME (III)'1/15/73'CTIME (III)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		ctime  --  convert date and time to ASCII
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	sys	time
 8 | .br
 9 | mov	$buffer,r2
10 | .br
11 | jsr	pc,ctime
12 | .br
13 | .sp
14 | .ti 0
15 | DESCRIPTION	The output buffer
16 | is 16 characters long and
17 | the time has the format
18 | .sp
19 |      Oct  9 17:32:24\\0
20 | .sp
21 | The input time must be in the r0 and r1 registers in the form
22 | returned by sys___ time____.
23 | .sp
24 | .ti 0
25 | FILES		kept in /lib/liba.a
26 | .sp
27 | .ti 0
28 | SEE ALSO	ptime(III), time(II)
29 | .sp
30 | .ti 0
31 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
32 | .sp
33 | .ti 0
34 | BUGS		The routine must be reassembled for leap year.
35 | .br
36 | Dec 31 is followed by Dec 32 and so on.
37 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man3/ddsput.3:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'DDSPUT, DDSINIT (III)'1/15/73'DDSPUT, DDSINIT (III)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		ddsput -- put a character on display data set
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	(file descriptor in r0)
 8 | .br
 9 | jsr	pc,ddsinit
10 | 
11 | .br
12 | (character in r0)
13 | .br
14 | jsr	pc,ddsput
15 | .sp
16 | .ti 0
17 | DESCRIPTION	These routines
18 | provide an interface to the Display Data Set, a peculiar
19 | device which can be called by Picturephone sets and which
20 | will display some of the ASCII character set and certain
21 | other graphics on the Picturephone screen.
22 | 
23 | If the DC11 or other interface hardware is not already
24 | set up to talk to the Display Data Set, the ddsinit_______
25 | entry should be called with the appropriate file descriptor in r0.
26 | On the only known DDS attached to UNIX, the associated special file
27 | is called "/dev/ttyc".
28 | ddsinit_______ also clears the display.
29 | 
30 | Thereafter, characters may be displayed
31 | by calling ddsput______.
32 | To the extent possible, ddsput______ simulates an ordinary terminal.
33 | Characters falling to the right of the 22X22 screen
34 | area are ignored; the 23rd line on the screen causes
35 | the screen to be erased and that line to be put at the top
36 | of the new display.
37 | Certain ASCII characters are interpreted specially as follows:
38 | 
39 | .in +5
40 | .ti -5
41 | FF   clear screen, go to top left
42 | .ti -5
43 | HT   expand to right number of spaces
44 | .ti -5
45 | DC1  treat as reverse line feed (move N)
46 | .ti -5
47 | DC2  move cursor 1 place right (move E)
48 | .ti -5
49 | DC3  forward line feed (move S)
50 | .ti -5
51 | DC4  backspace 1 position (move W)
52 | .ti -5
53 | SO   enter graph mode
54 | .ti -5
55 | SI   leave graph mode
56 | .ti -5
57 | CR   put cursor at start of current line
58 | 
59 | .in -5
60 | Graph mode allows display of the non-ASCII characters and
61 | will be described when hell freezes over.
62 | 
63 | Lower-case ASCII alphabetics are mapped into upper case.
64 | Several ASCII non-alphabetic graphics
65 | are unavailable as well.  Also the lower right circle of
66 | the "%" character is missing.
67 | Also one of the circuit cards in the DDS has a crack in it and
68 | sometimes it doesn't work.
69 | All in all,
70 | it is best to avoid this device.
71 | .sp
72 | .ti 0
73 | FILES		kept in /lib/liba.a
74 | .sp
75 | .ti 0
76 | SEE ALSO	AT&T writeup on DDS
77 | .sp
78 | .ti 0
79 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
80 | .sp
81 | .ti 0
82 | BUGS		yes
83 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man3/ecvt.3:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'ECVT, FCVT (III)'1/15/73'ECVT, FCVT (III)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		ecvt, fcvt -- output conversion
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	jsr pc,ecvt
 8 | .sp
 9 | or
10 | .sp
11 | jsr pc,fcvt
12 | .sp
13 | .ti 0
14 | DESCRIPTION	Ecvt
15 | is called with a floating point number in fr0.
16 | .sp
17 | On exit, the number has been converted into a
18 | string of ascii digits in a buffer pointed to by r0.
19 | The number of digits produced is controlled
20 | by a global variable "_ndigits".
21 | 
22 | Moreover, the position of the decimal point is
23 | contained in r2: r2=0 means the d.p. is at the
24 | left hand end of the string of digits;
25 | r2>0 means the d.p. is within or to the right
26 | of the string.
27 | 
28 | The sign of the number is indicated by r1 (0 for +; 1 for -).
29 | 
30 | The low order digit has suffered decimal rounding
31 | (i. e. may have been carried into).
32 | .sp
33 | Fcvt is identical to ecvt, except that the correct digit
34 | has had decimal rounding for F-style output of the number
35 | of digits specified by "_ndigits".
36 | .sp
37 | .ti 0
38 | FILES		kept in /lib/liba.a
39 | .sp
40 | .ti 0
41 | SEE ALSO	ftoa(III)
42 | .sp
43 | .ti 0
44 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
45 | .sp
46 | .ti 0
47 | BUGS		--
48 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man3/exp.3:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'EXP (III)'1/15/73'EXP (III)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		exp -- exponential function
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	jsr	r5,exp
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	The
11 | exponential of fr0 is returned in fr0.
12 | .sp
13 | .ti 0
14 | FILES		kept in /lib/liba.a
15 | .sp
16 | .ti 0
17 | SEE ALSO	--
18 | .sp
19 | .ti 0
20 | DIAGNOSTICS	If
21 | the result is not representable, the
22 | c-bit is set
23 | and the largest positive number is returned.
24 | .sp
25 | Zero is returned if the result would underflow.
26 | .sp
27 | .ti 0
28 | BUGS		---
29 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man3/ftoa.3:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'FTOA (III)'1/15/73'FTOA (III)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		ftoa -- floating to ascii conversion
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	jsr	r5,ftoa; subr
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	ftoa____
11 | will convert the floating point number in fr0
12 | into ascii in the form
13 | 
14 |    [-]ddddd.dd*
15 | 
16 | if possible, otherwise in the form
17 | 
18 |    [-]d.dddddddde_[-]dd*.
19 | .sp
20 | For each character generated by ftoa,
21 | the subroutine subr____ (supplied by the caller) is called on
22 | register r5 with the character in r0.
23 | .sp
24 | The number of digits can be changed by changing the value
25 | of "_ndigits" in ecvt (default is 10.).
26 | .sp
27 | The subroutine subr____ must not disturb any registers.
28 | .sp
29 | .ti 0
30 | FILES		kept in /lib/liba.a
31 | .sp
32 | .ti 0
33 | SEE ALSO	ecvt(III), itoa(III)
34 | .sp
35 | .ti 0
36 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
37 | .sp
38 | .ti 0
39 | BUGS		--
40 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man3/ftoo.3:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'FTOO (III)'1/15/73'FTOO (III)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		ftoo -- floating to octal conversion
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	jsr	r5,ftoo; subr
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	ftoo wil convert the floating point number
11 | in fr0 into ascii in the conventional octal form
12 | 
13 |    000000;000000;000000;000000
14 | .sp
15 | For each character generated by ftoo, the subroutine
16 | subr____
17 | (supplied by the caller) is called on register r5
18 | with the character in r0.
19 | .sp
20 | The subroutine subr____ must not disturb any registers.
21 | .sp
22 | .ti 0
23 | FILES		kept in /lib/liba.a
24 | .sp
25 | .ti 0
26 | SEE ALSO	--
27 | .sp
28 | .ti 0
29 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
30 | .sp
31 | .ti 0
32 | BUGS		--
33 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man3/gerts.3:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'CONNECT, GERTS (III)'3/15/72'CONNECT, GERTS (III)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		connect, gerts -- Gerts communication over 201
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	jsr	r5,connect
 8 | .br
 9 | (error return)
10 | .a
11 | .br
12 | .li
13 | ...
14 | 
15 | jsr	r5,gerts; fc; oc; ibuf; obuf
16 | .br
17 | (error return)
18 | .br
19 | .li
20 | ...
21 | .sp
22 | other entry points:  gcset, gout
23 | .sp
24 | .ti 0
25 | DESCRIPTION	The
26 | GCOS GERTS interface is so bad that
27 | a description here is inappropriate.
28 | Anyone needing to use this interface should
29 | seek divine guidance.
30 | .sp
31 | .ti 0
32 | FILES		/dev/dn0, /dev/dp0
33 | .br
34 | kept in /lib/liba.a
35 | .sp
36 | .ti 0
37 | SEE ALSO	dn(IV), dp(IV), HIS documentation
38 | .sp
39 | .ti 0
40 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
41 | .sp
42 | .ti 0
43 | BUGS		--
44 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man3/getc.3:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'GETC, GETW, FOPEN (III)'3/15/72'GETC, GETW, FOPEN (III)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		getw, getc, fopen  --  buffered input
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	mov	$filename,r0
 8 | .br
 9 | jsr	r5,fopen; iobuf
10 | 
11 | jsr	r5,getc; iobuf
12 | .br
13 | (character in r0)
14 | 
15 | jsr	r5,getw; iobuf
16 | .br
17 | (word in r0)
18 | .sp
19 | .ti 0
20 | DESCRIPTION	These routines are used to provide a buffered input
21 | facility.
22 | iobuf_____ is the address of a 518(10) byte buffer area whose
23 | contents are maintained by these routines.  Its format is:
24 | .sp
25 | .nf
26 | ioptr:	.=.+2		/ file descriptor
27 | 	.=.+2		/ characters left in buffer
28 | 	.=.+2		/ ptr to next character
29 | 	.=.+512.	/ the buffer
30 | .sp
31 | .fi
32 | fopen_____ may be called initially to open the file.  On return,
33 | the error bit (c-bit) is set if the open failed.
34 | If fopen_____ is never called, get___ will read from the standard
35 | input file.
36 | .sp
37 | getc____ returns the next byte from the file in r0.  The
38 | error bit is set on end of file or a read error.
39 | .sp
40 | getw____ returns the next word in r0.  getc____ and getw____
41 | may be used alternately; there are no odd/even
42 | problems.
43 | .sp
44 | iobuf_____ must be provided by the user; it must be on a word boundary.
45 | 
46 | To reuse the same buffer for another file, it is sufficient
47 | to close the original file and call fopen_____ again.
48 | .sp
49 | .ti 0
50 | FILES		kept in /lib/liba.a
51 | .sp
52 | .ti 0
53 | SEE ALSO	open(II), read(II), putc(III)
54 | .sp
55 | .ti 0
56 | DIAGNOSTICS	c-bit set on EOF or error
57 | .sp
58 | .ti 0
59 | BUGS		--
60 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man3/hypot.3:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'HYPOT (III)'6/12/72'HYPOT (III)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		hypot -- calculate hypotenuse
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	movf	a,fr0
 8 | .br
 9 | movf	b,fr1
10 | .br
11 | jsr	r5,hypot
12 | .br
13 | movf	fr0,...
14 | .sp
15 | .ti 0
16 | DESCRIPTION	The
17 | square root of fr0*fr0 + fr1*fr1
18 | is returned in fr0.
19 | The calculation is done in such a way
20 | that overflow will not occur unless
21 | the answer is not representable in floating point.
22 | .sp
23 | .ti 0
24 | FILES		kept in /lib/liba.a
25 | .sp
26 | .ti 0
27 | SEE ALSO	sqrt(III)
28 | .sp
29 | .ti 0
30 | DIAGNOSTICS	The
31 | c-bit is set if the result cannot
32 | be represented.
33 | .sp
34 | .ti 0
35 | BUGS		--
36 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man3/itoa.3:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'ITOA (III)'3/15/72'ITOA (III)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		itoa -- integer to ascii conversion
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	jsr	r5,itoa; subr
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	itoa____
11 | will convert the number in r0
12 | into ascii decimal preceded
13 | by a - sign if appropriate.
14 | For each character generated by itoa,
15 | the subroutine subr____ (supplied by the caller) is called on
16 | register r5 with the character in r0.
17 | .sp
18 | The subroutine subr____ must not disturb any registers.
19 | .sp
20 | .ti 0
21 | FILES		kept in /lib/liba.a
22 | .sp
23 | .ti 0
24 | SEE ALSO	--
25 | .sp
26 | .ti 0
27 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
28 | .sp
29 | .ti 0
30 | BUGS		--
31 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man3/log.3:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'LOG (III)'3/15/72'LOG (III)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		log -- logarithm (base e)
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	jsr	r5,log
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	The
11 | logarithm (base e) of fr0 is returned in fr0.
12 | .sp
13 | .ti 0
14 | FILES		kept in /lib/liba.a
15 | .sp
16 | .ti 0
17 | SEE ALSO	--
18 | .sp
19 | .ti 0
20 | DIAGNOSTICS	The error bit (c-bit)
21 | is set if the input argument is less than or
22 | equal to zero and the result is set to the largest
23 | negative number.
24 | .sp
25 | .ti 0
26 | BUGS		--
27 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man3/mesg.3:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'MESG (III)'3/15/72'MESG (III)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		mesg  --  write message on typewriter
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	jsr 	r5,mesg; <Now is the time\\0>; .even
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	mesg____
11 | writes the string immediately following its call onto
12 | the standard output file.
13 | The string must be terminated by an ASCII NULL byte.
14 | .sp
15 | .ti 0
16 | FILES		kept in /lib/liba.a
17 | .sp
18 | .ti 0
19 | SEE ALSO	--
20 | .sp
21 | .ti 0
22 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
23 | .sp
24 | .ti 0
25 | BUGS		--
26 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man3/nlist.3:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'NLIST (III)'6/12/72'NLIST (III)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		nlist -- get entries from name list
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	jsr r5,nlist; file; list
 8 | .br
 9 | .li
10 | ...
11 | .br
12 | .ti -6
13 | file: <file name\\0>; .even
14 | .br
15 | .ti -6
16 | list:
17 | .br
18 | <name1xxx>; type1; value1
19 | .br
20 | <name2xxx>; type2; value2
21 | .br
22 | .li
23 | ...
24 | .br
25 | 0
26 | .sp
27 | .ti 0
28 | DESCRIPTION	nlist_____
29 | will examine the name list in
30 | the given assembler output file
31 | and selectively extract a
32 | list of values.
33 | The name list consists of
34 | a list of 8-character names (null padded)
35 | each followed by two words.
36 | The list is terminated with a zero.
37 | Each name is looked up in the name list of
38 | the file.
39 | If the name is found, the type and value of the
40 | name are placed in the two words following
41 | the name.
42 | If the name is not found, the type entry is set to -1.
43 | .sp
44 | This subroutine is useful for
45 | examining the system name list kept in
46 | the file /sys/sys/unix.
47 | In this way programs can obtain system 'magic'
48 | numbers that are up to date.
49 | .sp
50 | .ti 0
51 | FILES		kept in /lib/liba.a
52 | .sp
53 | .ti 0
54 | SEE ALSO	a.out(V)
55 | .sp
56 | .ti 0
57 | DIAGNOSTICS	All
58 | type entries are set to -1 if the file cannot be found
59 | or if it is not a valid namelist.
60 | .sp
61 | .ti 0
62 | BUGS		--
63 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man3/pow.3:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'POW (III)'1/15/73'POW (III)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		pow -- floating exponentiation x^y
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	movf	x,fr0
 8 | .br
 9 | movf	y,fr1
10 | .br
11 | jsr	pc,pow
12 | .br
13 | movf	fr0,...
14 | .sp
15 | .ti 0
16 | DESCRIPTION	The
17 | value of x^y (i.e. x\uy\d) is returned in fr0.
18 | 
19 | 0^x returns zero for all x.
20 | 
21 | (-x)^y returns a result only if y is an integer.
22 | 
23 | .ti 0
24 | FILES		kept in /lib/liba.a
25 | .sp
26 | .ti 0
27 | SEE ALSO	exp(III), log(III)
28 | .sp
29 | .ti 0
30 | DIAGNOSTICS	The
31 | carry bit is set on return in case of overflow or in case of
32 | 0^0 or
33 | (-x)^y for y non-integer.
34 | .sp
35 | .ti 0
36 | BUGS		--
37 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man3/ptime.3:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'PTIME (III)'3/15/72'PTIME (III)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		ptime  --  print date and time
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	sys	time
 8 | .br
 9 | mov	file,r2
10 | .br
11 | jsr	pc,ptime
12 | .sp
13 | .ti 0
14 | DESCRIPTION	ptime_____ prints the date and time in the form
15 | .sp
16 |      Oct  9 17:20:33\
17 | .sp
18 | on the file whose file descriptor is in r2.
19 | The string is 15 characters long.
20 | The time to be printed
21 | must be placed in the r0 and r1 registers
22 | in the form returned by sys___ time____.
23 | .sp
24 | .ti 0
25 | FILES		kept in /lib/liba.a
26 | .sp
27 | .ti 0
28 | SEE ALSO	time(II), ctime(III) (used to do the conversion)
29 | .sp
30 | .ti 0
31 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
32 | .sp
33 | .ti 0
34 | BUGS		see ctime
35 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man3/putc.3:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'PUTC,PUTW,FCREAT,FLUSH (III)'6/12/72'PUTC,PUTW,FCREAT,FLUSH (III)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		putc, putw, fcreat, flush  --  buffered output
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	mov	$filename,r0
 8 | .br
 9 | jsr	r5,fcreat; iobuf
10 | 
11 | (get byte in r0)
12 | .br
13 | jsr	r5,putc; iobuf
14 | 
15 | (get word in r0)
16 | .br
17 | jsr	r5,putw; iobuf
18 | .sp
19 | jsr	r5,flush; iobuf
20 | .sp
21 | .ti 0
22 | DESCRIPTION	fcreat______ creates
23 | the given file (mode 17) and sets up the buffer iobuf_____ (size 518(10) bytes);
24 | putc____ and putw____ write a byte or word respectively
25 | onto the file;
26 | flush_____ forces the contents of the buffer to be written, but
27 | does not close the file.
28 | The format of the buffer is:
29 | .sp
30 | .nf
31 | iobuf:	.=.+2		/ file descriptor
32 | 	.=.+2		/ characters unused in buffer
33 | 	.=.+2		/ ptr to next free character
34 | 	.=.+512.	/ buffer
35 | .sp
36 | .fi
37 | fcreat______ sets the error bit (c-bit) if the 
38 | file creation failed; none of the other routines
39 | return error information.
40 | .sp
41 | Before terminating, a program should call
42 | flush_____ to force out the last of the output.
43 | .sp
44 | The user must supply iobuf_____, which should begin on a word boundary.
45 | 
46 | To write a new file using the same buffer, it
47 | suffices to call flush_____, close the file,
48 | and call fcreat______ again.
49 | .sp
50 | .ti 0
51 | FILES		kept in /lib/liba.a
52 | .sp
53 | .ti 0
54 | SEE ALSO	creat(II), write(II), getc(III)
55 | .sp
56 | .ti 0
57 | DIAGNOSTICS	error bit possible on fcreat______ call
58 | .sp
59 | .ti 0
60 | BUGS		--
61 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man3/qsort.3:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'QSORT (III)'6/12/72'QSORT (III)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		qsort -- quicker sort
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	(base of data in r1)
 8 | .br
 9 | (end+1 of data in r2)
10 | .br
11 | (element width in r3)
12 | .br
13 | jsr pc,qsort
14 | .sp
15 | .ti 0
16 | DESCRIPTION	qsort_____
17 | is an implementation
18 | of the quicker sort algorithm.
19 | It is designed to sort equal length
20 | elements.
21 | Registers r1 and r2 delimit the region of
22 | core containing the array of byte strings to be sorted:
23 | r1 points to the start of the first string, r2 to the first
24 | location above the last string.
25 | Register r3 contains the length of each string.
26 | r2-r1 should be a multiple of r3.
27 | On return, r0, r1, r2, r3, r4 are destroyed.
28 | .sp
29 | The routine compar (q.v.) is called to compare elements
30 | and may be replaced by the user.
31 | .sp
32 | .ti 0
33 | FILES		kept in /lib/liba.a
34 | .sp
35 | .ti 0
36 | SEE ALSO	compar(III)
37 | .sp
38 | .ti 0
39 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
40 | .sp
41 | .ti 0
42 | BUGS		It scribbles on r4.
43 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man3/rand.3:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'RAND (III)'1/15/73'RAND (III)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		rand -- random number generator
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	jsr pc,srand	/to initialize
 8 | .br
 9 | jsr pc,rand	/to get a random number
10 | .sp
11 | .ti 0
12 | DESCRIPTION	The routine uses a multiplicative congruential
13 | random number generator to return successive pseudo-random
14 | numbers in r0 in the range from 1 to 2^15-1.
15 | .sp
16 | The generator is reinitialized by calling srand with 1 in r0.
17 | .sp
18 | It can be set to a random starting point by calling
19 | srand with whatever you like in r0,
20 | for example the result left in r1 from sys___ time____.
21 | .sp
22 | .ti 0
23 | FILES		kept in /lib/liba.a
24 | .sp
25 | .ti 0
26 | SEE ALSO	--
27 | .sp
28 | .ti 0
29 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
30 | .sp
31 | .ti 0
32 | BUGS		--
33 | .sp
34 | .ti 0
35 | WARNING		The author of this routine has been writing
36 | random-number generators for many years and has never been
37 | known to write one that worked.
38 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man3/sin.3:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'SIN, COS (III)'3/15/72'SIN, COS (III)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		sin, cos -- sine cosine
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	jsr	r5,sin (cos)
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	The
11 | sine (cosine) of fr0 in radians
12 | is returned in fr0.
13 | .sp
14 | The magnitude of the argument should be checked
15 | by the caller to make sure the result is meaningful.
16 | .sp
17 | .ti 0
18 | FILES		kept in /lib/liba.a
19 | .sp
20 | .ti 0
21 | SEE ALSO	--
22 | .sp
23 | .ti 0
24 | DIAGNOSTICS	there are none
25 | .sp
26 | .ti 0
27 | BUGS		--
28 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man3/sqrt.3:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'SQRT (III)'3/15/72'SQRT (III)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		sqrt -- square root function
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	jsr	r5,sqrt
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	The
11 | square root of fr0 is returned in fr0.
12 | .sp
13 | .ti 0
14 | FILES		kept in /lib/liba.a
15 | .sp
16 | .ti 0
17 | SEE ALSO	--
18 | .sp
19 | .ti 0
20 | DIAGNOSTICS	The c-bit is
21 | set on negative arguments and 0 is returned.
22 | .sp
23 | .ti 0
24 | BUGS		--
25 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man3/switch.3:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'SWITCH (III)'3/15/72'SWITCH (III)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		switch  --  switch on value
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	(switch value in r0)
 8 | .br
 9 | jsr	r5,switch; swtab
10 | .br
11 | (not-found return)
12 | .br
13 | .li
14 | ...
15 | .ti -7
16 | swtab: val1; lab1;
17 | .br
18 | .li
19 | ...
20 | .br
21 | valn; labn
22 | .br
23 | .li
24 | ..;  0
25 | .sp
26 | .ti 0
27 | DESCRIPTION	switch______
28 | compares the value of r0 against each of the val\di\u; if
29 | a match is found, control is transferred to the corresponding
30 | lab\di\u (after popping the stack once).
31 | If no match has been found by the time a null lab\di\u
32 | occurs, switch______ returns.
33 | .sp
34 | .ti 0
35 | FILES		kept in /lib/liba.a
36 | .sp
37 | .ti 0
38 | SEE ALSO	--
39 | .sp
40 | .ti 0
41 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
42 | .sp
43 | .ti 0
44 | BUGS		--
45 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man3/ttyn.3:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'TTYN (III)'1/15/73'TTYN (III)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		ttyn -- return name of current tty
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	jsr pc,ttyn
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	The routine hunts up the name of the
11 | input tty attached to the process (one byte from the set
12 | {012345678abc} at present) and returns it in r0.
13 | .sp
14 | "x" is returned if no genuine input tty is attached to the process.
15 | .sp
16 | .ti 0
17 | FILES		kept in /lib/liba.a
18 | .sp
19 | .ti 0
20 | SEE ALSO	fstat(II)
21 | .sp
22 | .ti 0
23 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
24 | .sp
25 | .ti 0
26 | BUGS		--
27 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man4/dn.4:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'DN (IV)'3/15/72'DN (IV)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		dn -- dn-11 ACU interface
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | DESCRIPTION	dn?___
 8 | is a write-only file.
 9 | Bytes written on dn?___ must be
10 | ASCII as follows:
11 | 
12 |    0-9	dial 0-9
13 |     :	dial *
14 |     ;	dial #
15 |     =	end-of-number
16 | 
17 | The entire telephone number must be
18 | presented in a single write_____ system call.
19 | 
20 | It is recommended that an end-of-number
21 | code be given even though only one of the
22 | ACU's (113C) actually requires it.
23 | .sp
24 | .ti 0
25 | FILES		/dev/dn0	connected to 801 with dp0
26 | .br
27 | /dev/dn1	connected to 113C with ttyd
28 | .br
29 | /dev/dn2	not currently connected
30 | .sp
31 | .ti 0
32 | SEE ALSO	dp(IV), dc(IV), write(II)
33 | .sp
34 | .ti 0
35 | BUGS		--
36 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man4/dp.4:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'DP (IV)'3/15/72'DP (IV)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		dp -- dp-11 201 data-phone interface
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | DESCRIPTION	dp?___
 8 | is a 201 data-phone interface file.
 9 | read____ and write_____ calls to dp?___
10 | are limited to a maximum of 400 bytes.
11 | Each write call is sent as a single record.
12 | Seven bits from each byte
13 | are written along with an eighth odd parity
14 | bit.
15 | The sync must be user supplied.
16 | Each read call returns characters received from a
17 | single record.
18 | Seven bits are returned unaltered; the eighth bit
19 | is set if the byte was not received in odd parity.
20 | A 20 second time out is set and a zero byte
21 | record is returned if nothing is received in that time.
22 | .sp
23 | .ti 0
24 | FILES		/dev/dp0	201 dataphone used to call GCOS
25 | .sp
26 | .ti 0
27 | SEE ALSO	dn(IV), gerts(III)
28 | .sp
29 | .ti 0
30 | BUGS		The dp__ file is
31 | GCOS oriented.
32 | It should be more flexible.
33 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man4/kl.4:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'KL (IV)'3/15/72'KL (IV)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		kl -- KL-11/TTY-33 console typewriter
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | DESCRIPTION	tty___
 8 | (as distinct from tty?____)
 9 | refers to the console
10 | typewriter hard-wired to the PDP-11 via a KL-11 interface.
11 | 
12 | Generally, the disciplines involved in dealing with tty___
13 | are similar to those for tty?____ and section
14 | dc(IV) should be consulted.
15 | The following differences are salient:
16 | 
17 | The system calls stty____ and gtty____ do not apply to this
18 | device.
19 | It cannot be placed in raw mode; on input, upper case letters
20 | are always mapped into lower case letters;
21 | a carriage return is echoed when a line-feed is typed.
22 | 
23 | The quit character is not FS (as with tty?____) but
24 | is generated by the key labelled "alt mode."
25 | 
26 | By appropriate
27 | console switch settings, it is possible to cause
28 | UNIX to
29 | come up as a single-user system
30 | with I/O on this device.
31 | .sp
32 | .ti 0
33 | FILES		/dev/tty
34 | .br
35 | /dev/tty8	synonym for /dev/tty
36 | .sp
37 | .ti 0
38 | SEE ALSO	dc(IV), init(VII)
39 | .sp
40 | .ti 0
41 | BUGS		--
42 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man4/mem.4:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'MEM (IV)'3/15/72'MEM (IV)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		mem  --  core memory
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | DESCRIPTION	mem___
 8 | is a special file that is an image of the core memory
 9 | of the computer.
10 | It may be used, for example, to examine,
11 | and even to patch the system using the debugger.
12 | 
13 | Mem___ is a byte-oriented file; its bytes are numbered
14 | 0 to 65,535.
15 | 
16 | If a non-existent memory location is
17 | referenced, the user
18 | suffers the resultant bus error.
19 | 
20 | Memory referenced through
21 | the file is treated with movb____ instructions.
22 | Certain device registers do not implement
23 | DATOB cycles to odd addresses.
24 | Other registers react strangely to this
25 | addressing.
26 | .sp
27 | .ti 0
28 | FILES		/dev/mem
29 | .sp
30 | .ti 0
31 | SEE ALSO	--
32 | .sp
33 | .ti 0
34 | BUGS		--
35 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man4/pc.4:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'PC (IV)'3/15/72'PC (IV)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		pc  --  PC-11 paper tape reader/punch
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | DESCRIPTION	ppt___
 8 | refers to the PC-11 paper tape reader or punch,
 9 | depending on whether it is read or written.
10 | 
11 | When ppt___ is opened for writing, a 100-character leader
12 | is punched.
13 | Thereafter each byte written is punched on
14 | the tape.  No editing of the characters
15 | is performed.
16 | When the file is closed, a 100-character trailer is punched.
17 | 
18 | When ppt___ is opened for reading, the process
19 | waits until tape is placed in the reader and the reader
20 | is on-line.
21 | Then requests to read cause the characters read
22 | to be passed back to the program, again without
23 | any editing.
24 | This means that several null leader characters
25 | will usually appear at the beginning of the file.
26 | Likewise several nulls are likely to appear at the end.
27 | End-of-file is generated when the tape runs out.
28 | 
29 | Seek calls for this file are meaningless.
30 | .sp
31 | .ti 0
32 | FILES		/dev/ppt
33 | .sp
34 | .ti 0
35 | SEE ALSO	--
36 | .sp
37 | .ti 0
38 | BUGS		--
39 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man4/rf.4:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'RF (IV)'3/15/72'RF (IV)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		rf  --  RF11-RS11 fixed-head disk file
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | DESCRIPTION	This file refers to the
 8 | concatenation of both RS-11 disks.
 9 | It may be either read or written, although writing is inherently
10 | very dangerous, since
11 | a file system resides there.
12 | 
13 | The disk contains 2048 256-word blocks,
14 | numbered 0 to 2047.
15 | Like the other block-structured devices (TC, RK)
16 | this file is addressed in blocks, not bytes.
17 | This has two consequences:
18 | seek____ calls refer to block numbers, not byte numbers;
19 | and sequential reading or writing always advance the read
20 | or write pointer by at least one block.
21 | Thus successive reads of 10 characters from this file
22 | actually read the first 10 characters from successive
23 | blocks.
24 | .sp
25 | .ti 0
26 | FILES		/dev/rf0
27 | .sp
28 | .ti 0
29 | SEE ALSO	tc(IV), rk(IV)
30 | .sp
31 | .ti 0
32 | BUGS		The fact that this device
33 | is addressed in terms of blocks, not bytes, is extremely
34 | unfortunate.  It is due entirely to the fact that
35 | read and write pointers (and consequently the arguments
36 | to seek____) are single-precision
37 | numbers.
38 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man4/rk.4:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'RK (IV)'3/15/72'RK (IV)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		rk  --  RK-11/RK03 (or RK05) disk
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | DESCRIPTION	rk?___
 8 | refers to an entire RK03 disk as a single sequentially-addressed
 9 | file.
10 | Its 256-word blocks are numbered 0 to 4871.
11 | Like the RF disk and the tape files, its
12 | addressing is block-oriented.
13 | Consult the rf(IV) section.
14 | .sp
15 | .ti 0
16 | FILES		/dev/rk0	user available drive
17 | .br
18 | /dev/rk1	/usr file system
19 | .br
20 | /dev/rk2	/sys file system
21 | .br
22 | /dev/rk3	/crp file system
23 | .sp
24 | .ti 0
25 | SEE ALSO	rf(IV), tc(IV)
26 | .sp
27 | .ti 0
28 | BUGS		See rf(IV)
29 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man4/tc.4:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'TC (IV)'3/15/72'TC (IV)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		tc -- TC-11/TU56 DECtape
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | DESCRIPTION	The
 8 | files tap0 ... tap7 refer to the
 9 | TC-11/TU56 DECtape drives 0 to 7.
10 | Since the logical drive number can be manually set,
11 | all eight files exist even though at present there are fewer
12 | physical drives.
13 | 
14 | The 256-word blocks on a standard DECtape are numbered 0 to 577.
15 | However, the system makes no assumption about this number;
16 | a block can be read or written if it exists on the
17 | tape and not otherwise.
18 | An error is returned if a transaction
19 | is attempted for a block which does not exist.
20 | 
21 | Addressing on the tape files, like that on the
22 | RK and RF disks, is block-oriented.
23 | .sp
24 | .ti 0
25 | FILES		/dev/tap?
26 | .sp
27 | .ti 0
28 | SEE ALSO	rf(IV), tap(I)
29 | .sp
30 | .ti 0
31 | BUGS		see rf(IV)
32 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man4/tm.4:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'TM (IV)'6/12/72'TM (IV)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		tm -- TM-11/TU-10 magtape interface
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | DESCRIPTION	mt?___
 8 | is the DEC TU10/TM11 magtape.
 9 | When opened for reading or writing,
10 | the magtape is rewound.
11 | A tape consists of a
12 | series of 512 byte records terminated by an
13 | end-of-file.
14 | Reading less than 512 bytes
15 | causes the rest of a record to be ignored.
16 | Writing less than a record causes
17 | null padding to 512 bytes.
18 | When the magtape is closed
19 | after writing,
20 | an end-of-file is written.
21 | .sp
22 | Seek has no effect on the magtape.
23 | The magtape can only be opened once at
24 | any instant.
25 | .sp
26 | .ti 0
27 | FILES		/dev/mt0	selected drive 0
28 | .sp
29 | .ti 0
30 | SEE ALSO	mt(I)
31 | .sp
32 | .ti 0
33 | BUGS		Seek
34 | should work on the magtape.
35 | Also, a provision of having the tape open for
36 | reading and writing should exist.
37 | A multi-file and multi-reel facility should
38 | be incorporated.
39 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man5/ar.5:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'ARCHIVE (V)'3/15/72'ARCHIVE (V)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		archive (library) file format
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | DESCRIPTION	The
 8 | archive command ar__ is used to combine several files into
 9 | one.
10 | Archives are used mainly as libraries to be searched
11 | by the link-editor ld__.
12 | 
13 | A file produced by ar__
14 | has a "magic number" at the start,
15 | followed by the constituent files, each preceded by a file header.
16 | The magic number is
17 | 177555(8)
18 | (it was chosen to be unlikely to occur anywhere else).
19 | The header of each file is 16 bytes long:
20 | 
21 | .in +5
22 | .ti -3
23 | 0-7
24 | .br
25 | file name, null padded on the right
26 | 
27 | .ti -3
28 | 8-11
29 | .br
30 | Modification time of the file
31 | 
32 | .ti -3
33 | 12
34 | .br
35 | User ID of file owner
36 | 
37 | .ti -3
38 | 13
39 | .br
40 | file mode
41 | 
42 | .ti -3
43 | 14-15
44 | .br
45 | file size
46 | 
47 | .in -5
48 | If the file is an odd number of bytes long, it is padded
49 | with a null byte, but the size in the header is correct.
50 | 
51 | Notice there is no provision for empty areas in an archive
52 | file.
53 | .sp
54 | .ti 0
55 | SEE ALSO	ar__, ld__
56 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man5/core.5:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'CORE (V)'2/7/73'CORE (V)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		format of core image
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | DESCRIPTION	UNIX
 8 | writes out a core image of a terminated
 9 | process when any of various errors occur.
10 | See wait____(II) for the list of reasons;
11 | the most common are memory violations, illegal
12 | instructions, bus errors, and user-generated
13 | quit signals.
14 | 
15 | The core image is called "core" and is written in the process's
16 | working directory (provided it can be; normal
17 | access controls apply).
18 | 
19 | The size and structure of the core image file
20 | depend to some extent on which system is involved.
21 | In general there is a 512-byte area
22 | at the end which contains the system's per-process
23 | data for that process.
24 | (64 bytes in older systems).  The
25 | remainder represents the actual contents of
26 | the user's core area when the core image
27 | was written.
28 | In the current system,
29 | this area is variable in size in that only the locations
30 | from user 0 to the program break, plus the stack, are
31 | dumped.
32 | 
33 | When any fatal trap occurs,
34 | all the useful registers are stored on the stack.
35 | In the current system, which has relocation and protection
36 | hardware, the stack used is the system
37 | stack, which is kept in the per-process area;
38 | in older systems,
39 | there is only one stack, and it is located in the
40 | user's core area.
41 | 
42 | The actual format of the information is complicated
43 | because it depends on what hardware is present (EAE,
44 | floating-point option),
45 | whether single- or double-precision
46 | floating mode is in effect,
47 | and also involves relocating addresses in the
48 | system's address space.
49 | A guru will have to be consulted
50 | if enlightenment is required.
51 | 
52 | In general the debugger
53 | db(I) should
54 | be used to deal with core images.
55 | 
56 | .ti 0
57 | SEE ALSO	db(I), wait(II)
58 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man5/dir.5:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'DIRECTORY (V)'3/15/72'DIRECTORY (V)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		format of directories
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | DESCRIPTION	A directory
 8 | behaves exactly like an ordinary file, save that no
 9 | user may write into a directory.
10 | The fact that a file is a directory is indicated by
11 | a bit in the flag word of its i-node entry.
12 | 
13 | Directory entries are 10 bytes long.
14 | The first word is the i-number of the file represented
15 | by the entry, if non-zero; if zero, the entry is empty.
16 | 
17 | Bytes 2-9 represent the (8-character)
18 | file name, null padded on the right.
19 | These bytes are not cleared for empty slots.
20 | 
21 | By convention, the first two entries in each directory
22 | are for "." and "..".  The first is an entry for the
23 | directory itself.  The second is for the parent
24 | directory.
25 | The meaning of ".." is modified for the root directory
26 | of the master file system and for the root directories of removable
27 | file systems.
28 | In the first case, there is no parent, and in the second,
29 | the system does not permit off-device references.
30 | Therefore in both cases ".." has the
31 | same meaning as ".".
32 | .sp
33 | .ti 0
34 | SEE ALSO	file system (V)
35 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man5/passwd.5:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'PASSWD (V)'12/11/72'PASSWD (V)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		passwd  --  password file
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | DESCRIPTION	passwd______
 8 | contains for each user the
 9 | following information:
10 | 
11 |    name (login name, contains no upper case)
12 |    encrypted password
13 |    numerical user ID
14 |    GCOS job number and box number
15 |    initial working directory
16 |    program to use as Shell
17 | 
18 | This is an ASCII file.  Each field within each user's entry
19 | is separated from the next by a colon.
20 | The job and box numbers are separated by a comma.
21 | Each user is separated from the next by a new-line.
22 | If the password field is null, no password is demanded;
23 | if the Shell field is null, the Shell itself
24 | is used.
25 | 
26 | This file resides in directory /etc.
27 | Because of the encrypted
28 | passwords, it can and does have general read
29 | permission and can be used, for example,
30 | to map numerical user ID's to names.
31 | .sp
32 | .ti 0
33 | SEE ALSO	login(I), crypt(III), passwd(I)
34 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man5/tap.5:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'TAP (V)'6/12/72'TAP (V)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		tap -- DEC/mag tape formats
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | DESCRIPTION	The
 8 | DECtape command tap___ and
 9 | the magtape command mt__
10 | dump and extract files to and
11 | from their respective tape media.
12 | The formats of these tapes are the same except
13 | that magtapes have larger directories.
14 | .sp
15 | Block zero of the tape is not used.
16 | It is available to contain a boot program to be
17 | used in a stand-alone environment.
18 | This has proved valuable for DEC diagnostic programs.
19 | .sp
20 | Blocks 1 through 24
21 | for DECtape (1 through 146 for magtape)
22 | contain a directory of the tape.
23 | There are 192 (resp. 1168) entries in the directory;
24 | 8 entries per block;
25 | 64 bytes per entry.
26 | Each entry has the following format:
27 | .sp
28 | .in +3
29 | path name	32 bytes
30 | .br
31 | mode		1 byte
32 | .br
33 | uid		1 byte
34 | .br
35 | size		2 bytes
36 | .br
37 | time modified	4 bytes
38 | .br
39 | tape address	2 bytes
40 | .br
41 | unused		20 bytes
42 | .br
43 | check sum	2 bytes
44 | .sp
45 | .in -3
46 | The path name entry is the path name of the
47 | file when put on the tape.
48 | If the pathname starts with a zero word,
49 | the entry is empty.
50 | It is at most 32 bytes long and ends in a null byte.
51 | Mode, uid, size and time modified
52 | are the same as described under i-nodes (see file system (V))
53 | The tape address is the tape block number of the start of
54 | the contents of the file.
55 | Every file
56 | starts on a block boundary.
57 | The file occupies (size+511)/512 blocks
58 | of continuous tape.
59 | The checksum entry has a value such that
60 | the sum of the 32 words of the directory entry is zero.
61 | .sp
62 | Blocks 25 (resp. 147) on are available for file storage.
63 | .sp
64 | A fake entry (see mt(I), tap(I))
65 | has a size of zero.
66 | .sp
67 | .ti 0
68 | SEE ALSO	filesystem(V), mt(I), tap(I)
69 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man5/utmp.5:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'UTMP (V)'3/15/72'UTMP (V)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		/tmp/utmp  -- user information
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | DESCRIPTION	This
 8 | file allows one to discover information about who is currently
 9 | using UNIX.
10 | The file is binary; each entry is 16(10) bytes long.
11 | The first eight bytes contain a user's login name or
12 | are null if the table slot is unused.
13 | The low order byte of the next word contains the last
14 | character of a typewriter name.
15 | The next two words contain the user's login time.
16 | The last word is unused.
17 | 
18 | This file resides in directory /tmp.
19 | .sp
20 | .ti 0
21 | SEE ALSO	/etc/init, which maintains the file;
22 | .br
23 | who(I), which interprets it.
24 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man5/wtmp.5:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'WTMP (V)'3/15/72'WTMP (V)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		/tmp/wtmp  -- user login history
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | DESCRIPTION	This
 8 | file records all logins and logouts.
 9 | Its format is exactly like utmp(V) except that
10 | a null user name indicates a logout on the associated
11 | typewriter, and the typewriter name 'x' indicates
12 | that UNIX was rebooted at that point.
13 | 
14 | Wtmp is maintained by login(I) and init(VII).
15 | Neither of these programs creates the file,
16 | so if it is removed record-keeping is turned off.
17 | 
18 | This file resides in directory /tmp.
19 | .sp
20 | .ti 0
21 | SEE ALSO	init(VII), login(I), acct(VIII), swtmp(VIII)
22 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man6/bc.6:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'BC (VI)'6/12/72'BC (VI)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		bc -- B interpreter
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	bc__ [ -c__ ] sfile\d1\u.b__ ... ofile\d1\u ...
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	bc__
11 | is the UNIX B interpreter.
12 | It accepts three types of arguments:
13 | 
14 | Arguments whose names end with ".b" are assumed to be
15 | B source programs; they are compiled, and
16 | the object program is left on the file sfile\d1\u.o (i.e.
17 | the file whose name is that of the source with ".o" substituted
18 | for ".b").
19 | 
20 | Other arguments (except for "-c") are assumed
21 | to be either loader flag arguments, or B-compatible
22 | object programs, typically produced by an earlier bc__ run,
23 | or perhaps libraries of B-compatible routines.
24 | These programs, together with the results of any
25 | compilations specified, are loaded (in the order
26 | given) to produce an executable program with name
27 | a.out_____.
28 | 
29 | The "-c" argument suppresses the loading phase, as does
30 | any syntax error in any of the routines being compiled.
31 | .sp
32 | The language itself is described in [1].
33 | .sp
34 | The future of B is uncertain.
35 | The language has been totally eclipsed by the
36 | newer, more powerful, more compact, and faster
37 | language C.
38 | .sp
39 | .ti 0
40 | FILES		file.b			input file
41 | .nf
42 | a.out			loaded output
43 | b.tmp1			temporary (deleted)
44 | b.tmp2			temporary (deleted)
45 | /usr/lang/bdir/b[ca]	translator
46 | /usr/lang/bdir/brt[12]	runtime initialization
47 | /usr/lib/libb.a		builtin functions, etc.
48 | /usr/lang/bdir/bilib.a	interpreter library
49 | .fi
50 | .sp
51 | .ti 0
52 | SEE ALSO	[1] K. Thompson; MM-72-1271-1; Users' Reference to B.
53 | .br
54 | cc(I)
55 | .sp
56 | .ti 0
57 | DIAGNOSTICS	see [1].
58 | .sp
59 | .ti 0
60 | BUGS		Certain
61 | external initializations are illegal.
62 | (In particular: strings and addresses of externals.)
63 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man6/bj.6:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'BJ (VI)'3/15/72'BJ (VI)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		bj -- the game of black jack
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	/usr/games/bj
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION
11 | .br
12 | .in 8
13 | bj__
14 | is a serious attempt at
15 | simulating the dealer
16 | in the game of black jack (or twenty-one)
17 | as might be found in Reno.
18 | The following rules apply:
19 | .sp
20 | .in +3
21 | The bet is $2 every hand.
22 | .sp
23 | A player 'natural' (black jack) pays $3.
24 | A dealer natural loses $2.
25 | Both dealer and player naturals
26 | is a 'push' (no money exchange).
27 | .sp
28 | If the dealer has an ace up,
29 | the player is allowed to make an 'insurance'
30 | bet against the chance of a dealer natural.
31 | If this bet is not taken, play resumes as normal.
32 | If the bet is taken, it is a side bet
33 | where the player wins $2 if the dealer has
34 | a natural and loses $1 if the dealer does not.
35 | .sp
36 | If the player is dealt two cards
37 | of the same value, he is allowed to 'double'.
38 | He is allowed to play two
39 | hands, each with one of these cards.
40 | (The bet is doubled also; $2 on each hand.)
41 | .sp
42 | If a dealt hand
43 | has a total of ten or eleven,
44 | the player may 'double down'.
45 | He may double the bet ($2 to $4)
46 | and receive exactly one more card on that hand.
47 | .sp
48 | Under normal play,
49 | the player may 'hit' (draw a card)
50 | as long as his total is not over twenty-one.
51 | If the player 'busts' (goes over twenty-one),
52 | the dealer wins the bet.
53 | .sp
54 | When the player 'stands' (decides not to hit),
55 | the dealer hits until he attains
56 | a total of seventeen or more.
57 | If the dealer busts, the player wins the bet.
58 | .sp
59 | If both player and dealer stand,
60 | the one with the largest total wins.
61 | A tie is a push.
62 | .sp
63 | .in -3
64 | The machine deals and keeps score.
65 | The following questions will be asked at
66 | appropriate times.
67 | Each question is
68 | answered by y_ followed by a new line for 'yes',
69 | or just new line for 'no'.
70 | .sp
71 | ?		(means, "do you want a hit?")
72 | .br
73 | Insurance?
74 | .br
75 | Double down?
76 | .sp
77 | Every time the deck is shuffled,
78 | the dealer so states and the 'action' (total bet)
79 | and 'standing' (total won or loss)
80 | is printed.
81 | To exit, hit the interrupt key (DEL)
82 | and the action and standing will be printed.
83 | .in 16
84 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man6/ptx.6:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'PTX (VI)'3/15/72'PTX (VI)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		ptx --  permuted index
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	ptx___ input output
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	ptx___
11 | generates a permuted index from file input_____ on file output______.
12 | It has three phases: the first does the permutation, generating
13 | one line for each keyword in an input line.  The
14 | keyword is rotated to the front.
15 | The permuted file is then
16 | sorted.
17 | Finally the sorted lines are rotated so the keyword
18 | comes at the middle of the page.
19 | 
20 | input_____ should be edited to remove useless lines.
21 | The following words are suppressed:  "a", "and", "as",
22 | "is", "for", "of", "on", "or", "the", "to", "up".
23 | 
24 | The index for this manual was generated using ptx___.
25 | .sp
26 | .ti 0
27 | FILES		--
28 | .sp
29 | .ti 0
30 | SEE ALSO	sort(I)
31 | .sp
32 | .ti 0
33 | DIAGNOSTICS	some
34 | .sp
35 | .ti 0
36 | BUGS		--
37 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man6/yacc.6:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'YACC (VI)'1/20/73'YACC (VI)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		yacc -- yet another compiler compiler
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	_____________/crp/scj/yacc  [ <grammar ]
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	Yacc converts a context-free grammar into a set of
11 | tables for a simple automaton which executes an LR(1) parsing
12 | algorithm.
13 | The tables are provided in readable form on the standard output
14 | and in b-compiler format on file actn.b; the program
15 | /crp/scj/bpar.b will parse strings using the actn.b file.
16 | .sp
17 | If your grammar is too big for yacc, you may
18 | try /crp/scj/bigyacc,
19 | some of whose size limits are
20 | larger, and others smaller.
21 | .sp
22 | .ti 0
23 | FILES		actn.b  	output tables
24 | .br
25 | actn.tmp	temporary storage
26 | .br
27 | Note that these files are created in the invoker's
28 | directory.
29 | The file actn.tmp is only created by /crp/scj/bigyacc
30 | (see above).
31 | .sp
32 | .ti 0
33 | SEE ALSO	Yacc manual, by scj (available from ek);
34 | "LR Parsing", by A. V. Aho and S. C. Johnson, to be published.
35 | .sp
36 | .ti 0
37 | DIAGNOSTICS	There are various diagnostics, but only
38 | one can be obtained in each run.
39 | .sp
40 | .ti 0
41 | BUGS		The maximum number of terminal and non-terminal symbols
42 | is 50 each, and this is not checked.  There are
43 | undoubtedly other bugs too.
44 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man7/ascii.7:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'ASCII (VII)'6/12/72'ASCII (VII)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		ascii  --  map of ASCII character set
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	cat___ /usr/pub/ascii______________
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	ascii_____
11 | is a map of the ASCII character set, to be printed as needed.
12 | It contains:
13 | .in -16
14 | .nf
15 | 
16 | |000 nul|001 soh|002 stx|003 etx|004 eot|005 enq|006 ack|007 bel|
17 | |010 bs |011 ht |012 nl |013 vt |014 np |015 cr |016 so |017 si |
18 | |020 dle|021 dc1|022 dc2|023 dc3|024 dc4|025 nak|026 syn|027 etb|
19 | |030 can|031 em |032 sub|033 esc|034 fs |035 gs |036 rs |037 us |
20 | |040 sp |041  ! |042  " |043  # |044  $ |045  % |046  & |047  ' |
21 | |050  ( |051  ) |052  * |053  + |054  , |055  - |056  . |057  / |
22 | |060  0 |061  1 |062  2 |063  3 |064  4 |065  5 |066  6 |067  7 |
23 | |070  8 |071  9 |072  : |073  ; |074  < |075  = |076  > |077  ? |
24 | |100  @ |101  A |102  B |103  C |104  D |105  E |106  F |107  G |
25 | |110  H |111  I |112  J |113  K |114  L |115  M |116  N |117  O |
26 | |120  P |121  Q |122  R |123  S |124  T |125  U |126  V |127  W |
27 | |130  X |131  Y |132  Z |133  [ |134  \\ |135  ] |136  ^ |137  _ |
28 | |140  ` |141  a |142  b |143  c |144  d |145  e |146  f |147  g |
29 | |150  h |151  i |152  j |153  k |154  l |155  m |156  n |157  o |
30 | |160  p |161  q |162  r |163  s |164  t |165  u |166  v |167  w |
31 | |170  x |171  y |172  z |173  { |174  | |175  } |176  ~ |177 del|
32 | 
33 | .fi
34 | .in +16
35 | .sp
36 | .ti 0
37 | FILES		found in /usr/pub
38 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man7/dpd.7:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'DPD (VII)'3/15/72'DPD (VII)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		dpd -- spawn data phone daemon
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	/etc/dpd________
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	dpd___
11 | is the 201 data phone daemon.
12 | It is designed to submit jobs to
13 | the Honeywell 6070 computer via the gerts
14 | interface.
15 | .sp
16 | dpd___ uses the directory /usr/dpd________.
17 | The file lock____ in that directory is used
18 | to prevent two daemons from becoming active.
19 | After the daemon has successfully set the lock,
20 | it forks and the main path exits, thus
21 | spawning the daemon.
22 | /usr/dpd________ is scanned for any file
23 | beginning with df__.
24 | Each such file is submitted as a job.
25 | Each line of a job file must begin with a key
26 | character to specify what to do with the remainder
27 | of the line
28 | .sp
29 | .in +3
30 | S_ directs dpd to generate a unique snumb card.
31 | This card is generated by incrementing the first
32 | word of the file /usr/dpd/snumb______________
33 | and converting that to decimal concatenated with
34 | the station ID.
35 | .sp
36 | L_ specifies that the remainder of the line is to
37 | be sent as a literal.
38 | .sp
39 | B_ specifies that the rest of the line
40 | is a file name. That file is to
41 | be sent as binary cards.
42 | .sp
43 | F_ is the same as B_ except a form feed is prepended to the file.
44 | .sp
45 | U_ specifies that the rest of the line
46 | is a file name.
47 | After the job has been transmitted,
48 | the file is unlinked.
49 | .sp
50 | .in -3
51 | Any error encountered will cause the daemon to
52 | drop the call, wait up to 20 minutes and start over.
53 | This means that an improperly constructed
54 | df__ file may cause the same job to be submitted
55 | every 20 minutes.
56 | .sp
57 | While waiting, the
58 | daemon checks to
59 | see that the lock____ file still exists.
60 | If the lock____ is gone, the
61 | daemon will exit.
62 | .sp
63 | .ti 0
64 | FILES		/dev/dn0,
65 | /dev/dp0,
66 | /usr/dpd/*
67 | .sp
68 | .ti 0
69 | SEE ALSO	opr(I)
70 | .sp
71 | .ti 0
72 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
73 | .sp
74 | .ti 0
75 | BUGS		--
76 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man7/getty.7:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he '12/11/72''GETTY (VII)'
 3 | .tr |
 4 | .ti 0
 5 | .nf
 6 | NAME		getty  -- set typewriter mode and get user's name
 7 | .fi
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | SYNOPSIS	/etc/getty
11 | .sp
12 | .ti 0
13 | DESCRIPTION
14 | .br
15 | .in 8
16 | getty_____
17 | is invoked
18 | by init (VII)
19 | immediately after a typewriter is opened
20 | following a dial-in.
21 | The user's login name is read and the login(I) command
22 | is called with this name as an argument.
23 | While reading this name getty_____
24 | attempts to adapt the system to the speed and type of terminal
25 | being used.
26 | .sp
27 | getty_____ initially sets the speed of the interface to 150 baud,
28 | specifies that raw mode is to be used (break on every character),
29 | that echo is to be suppressed, and either parity
30 | allowed.
31 | It types the "login:" message
32 | (which includes the characters which put the 37 Teletype
33 | terminal into full-duplex and unlock its keyboard).
34 | Then the user's name is read, a character at a time.
35 | If a null character is received, it is assumed to be the result
36 | of the user pushing the "break" ("interrupt") key.
37 | The speed is then
38 | changed to 300 baud and the "login:" is typed again,
39 | this time with the appropriate
40 | sequence which puts a GE TermiNet 300 into full-duplex.
41 | This sequence is acceptable to other 300 baud terminals also.
42 | If a subsequent null character is received,
43 | the speed is changed again.
44 | The general approach is to cycle through a set of speeds in
45 | response to null characters caused by breaks.
46 | The sequence at this installation is 150, 300, and 134.5 baud.
47 | .sp
48 | Detection of IBM|2741s is accomplished while the speed is
49 | set to 150 baud.
50 | The user sends a 2741 style "eot"
51 | character by pushing the attention key or by typing return;
52 | at 150 baud, this character looks like the ascii "~" (174988).
53 | Upon receipt of the "eot", the system is set to operate 2741s
54 | and a "login: " message is typed.
55 | 
56 | The user's name is terminated by a new-line or
57 | carriage-return character.
58 | The latter results in the system being set to
59 | to treat carriage returns appropriately (see stty(II)).
60 | 
61 | The user's name is scanned to see if
62 | it contains any lower-case alphabetic characters; if not,
63 | and if the name is nonempty, the
64 | system is told to map any future upper-case characters
65 | into the corresponding lower-case characters.
66 | Thus UNIX is usable from upper-case-only terminals.
67 | 
68 | Finally, login is called with the user's name as argument.
69 | .sp
70 | .in 16
71 | .ti 0
72 | FILES		--
73 | .sp
74 | .ti 0
75 | SEE ALSO	init(VII), login(I), stty(II)
76 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man7/glob.7:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'GLOB (VII)'6/15/72'GLOB (VII)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		glob  --  generate command arguments
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	/etc/glob
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	glob____
11 | is used to expand arguments to the shell containing "*", '[', or
12 | "?".  It is passed the argument list
13 | containing the metacharacters; glob____
14 | expands the list and calls the command itself.
15 | The actions of glob____ are detailed in
16 | the Shell writeup.
17 | .sp
18 | .ti 0
19 | FILES		found in /etc/glob
20 | .sp
21 | .ti 0
22 | SEE ALSO	sh(I)
23 | .sp
24 | .ti 0
25 | DIAGNOSTICS	"No match", "No command", "No directory"
26 | .sp
27 | .ti 0
28 | BUGS		If any of
29 | '*', '[', or '?' occurs both quoted and unquoted in the
30 | original command line,
31 | even the quoted metacharacters are expanded.
32 | 
33 | glob____ gives the "No match" diagnostic only if
34 | no arguments at all result.
35 | This is never the case if there is any
36 | argument without a metacharacter.
37 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man7/greek.7:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'GREEK (VII)'10/31/72'GREEK (VII)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		greek -- graphics for extended ascii type box
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	cat___ /usr/pub/greek______________
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	greek_____
11 | gives the mapping
12 | from ascii
13 | to the "shift out" graphics in effect between SO and SI 
14 | on model 37 teletypes
15 | with a 128-character type box.
16 | It contains:
17 | 
18 | .nf
19 | alpha     A  A  |  beta     B  B  |  gamma    \\  \\
20 | GAMMA     G  G  |  delta    D  D  |  DELTA    W  W
21 | epsilon   S  S  |  zeta     Q  Q  |  eta      N  N
22 | theta     T  T  |  THETA    O  O  |  lambda   L  L
23 | LAMBDA    E  E  |  mu       M  M  |  nu       @  @
24 | xi        X  X  |  pi       J  J  |  PI       P  P
25 | rho       K  K  |  sigma    Y  Y  |  SIGMA    R  R
26 | tau       I  I  |  phi      U  U  |  PHI      F  F
27 | psi       V  V  |  PSI      H  H  |  omega    C  C
28 | OMEGA     Z  Z  |  nabla    [  [  |  not      _  _
29 | partial   ]  ]  |  integral ^  ^  |
30 | .fi
31 | .sp
32 | .ti 0
33 | FILES		--
34 | .sp
35 | .ti 0
36 | SEE ALSO	ascii (VII)
37 | .sp
38 | .ti 0
39 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
40 | .sp
41 | .ti 0
42 | BUGS		--
43 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man7/msh.7:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'MSH (VII)'6/15/72'MSH (VII)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		msh  --  mini-shell
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	/etc/msh
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	msh___
11 | is a heavily simplified version of the Shell.
12 | It reads one line from the standard
13 | input file, interprets it as a command, and calls the command.
14 | 
15 | The mini-shell supports few of the advanced features
16 | of the Shell; none of the following characters is special:
17 | 
18 |    > < $ \\ ; &
19 | 
20 | However, "*", "[", and "?" are recognized and glob____ is called.
21 | The main use of msh___ is to provide a command-executing
22 | facility for various interactive sub-systems.
23 | .sp
24 | .ti 0
25 | FILES		--
26 | .sp
27 | .ti 0
28 | SEE ALSO	sh(I), glob(VII)
29 | .sp
30 | .ti 0
31 | DIAGNOSTICS	"?"
32 | .sp
33 | .ti 0
34 | BUGS		--
35 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man7/tabs.7:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'TABS (VII)'6/15/72'TABS (VII)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		tabs  --  set tab stops
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	cat /usr/pub/tabs
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	When
11 | printed on a suitable terminal, this file
12 | will set tab stops every 8 columns.
13 | Suitable terminals include the Teletype model 37 and
14 | the GE TermiNet 300.
15 | .sp
16 | These tab stop settings are
17 | desirable because UNIX assumes them
18 | in calculating delays.
19 | .sp
20 | .ti 0
21 | FILES		--
22 | .sp
23 | .ti 0
24 | SEE ALSO	--
25 | .sp
26 | .ti 0
27 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
28 | .sp
29 | .ti 0
30 | BUGS		--
31 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man7/vsp.7:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'VSP (VII)'2/2/73'VSP (VII)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		vsp -- voice synthesizer code
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	cat /usr/pub/vsp
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	vsp___
11 | contains a list of phonemes understood by the voice
12 | synthesizer on device vt__.
13 | Phonemes are usually written in the form
14 | 
15 | .ce
16 | comma inflection phoneme
17 | .sp
18 | The inflection and the phoneme codes are or-ed together.
19 | The phoneme codes are as follows (numbers in octal).
20 | 
21 | .nf
22 | .in 6
23 | 0  = 300  strong inflection	p  = 32   p_enny p_ound
24 | 1  = 200  			a0 = 33   co_ntact ca_r
25 | 2  = 100			a1 = 52   co_nnect
26 | 3  = 000  weak inflection	ai = 37   na_me ca_me
27 | 				aj = 71   na_mely
28 | aw = 02   aw__ful law__		s  = 40   s_even s_ix
29 | ie = 03   zer__o			d  = 41   d_o d_iet
30 | e0 = 04   e_nter me_t		f  = 42   f_our f_ive
31 | e1 = 76   se_ven			g  = 43   g_et g_rand
32 | e2 = 77   seve_n			h  = 44   h_ello h_ow
33 | er = 05   weather__		j  = 45   j_udge edg_e
34 | th = 06   th__ree th__ick		k  = 46   c_ame lock_
35 | dh = 07   th__is th__en		l  = 47   hell__o l_ight
36 | yu = 27   u_se you_		oo = 50   loo__k boo__k
37 | iu = 10   u_nite			ou = 51   goo__d shou__d
38 | ju = 11   ne_w yo_u		ng = 53   ring__ ang__le
39 | o0 = 31   o_nly no_		z  = 55   z_ero haz_y
40 | o1 = 12   hello_			sh = 56   sh__ow sh__ip
41 | o2 = 13   no_tice		ch = 57   ch__air ch__ime
42 | u0 = 14   bu_t mu_st		v  = 60   sev_en ev_en
43 | u1 = 15   u_ncle			b  = 61   b_all b_ed
44 | u2 = 16   stirru_p		n  = 62   n_in_e seven_
45 | u3 = 34   app_le ab_le		m  = 63   m_ile m_en
46 | ae = 21   ca_t sa_t		iy = 66   lie__
47 | ea = 20   a_ntenna		zh = 70   az_ure pleas_ure
48 | w  = 22   w_on w_ish		ih = 72   statio__n conditio__n
49 | ee = 23   three__			ay = 36   may_ lay_
50 | r  = 24   r_adio r_adar_
51 | t  = 25   t_wo t_ime		-0 = 35   long space
52 | ey = 26   sixty_ eighty_		-1 = 17
53 | i0 = 30   si_x mi_x		-2 = 01
54 | i1 = 64   i_nept i_nside		-3 = 74   short delay
55 | i2 = 65   crypti_c stati_c
56 | .in 16
57 | .fi
58 | 
59 | .sp
60 | .ti 0
61 | SEE ALSO	speak(I), vt(IV)
62 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man8/20boot.8:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he '20BOOT (VIII)'1/25/73'20BOOT (VIII)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		20boot -- install new 11/20 system
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	20boot______ [ x_ ]
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	This
11 | shell command file copies the current version
12 | of the 11/20 program used to run the VT01 display
13 | onto the /dev/vt0 file.
14 | 
15 | If no argument is given, the 11/20 program should be executing
16 | but idle; the 11/20 program is sent preceded by a
17 | "reboot" command.
18 | If an argument is given, the 11/20 should
19 | have been restarted at its ROM location
20 | 777300.
21 | .sp
22 | .ti 0
23 | FILES		/dev/vt0;
24 | .br
25 | /sys/mdec/20.o (11/20 program)
26 | .sp
27 | .ti 0
28 | SEE ALSO	vt0 (IV)
29 | .sp
30 | .ti 0
31 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
32 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man8/acct.8:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'ACCT (VIII)'1/20/73'ACCT (VIII)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		acct -- login accounting
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	acct____ [ -w__ wtmp ] [ -p__ ] [ -d__ ] people
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	acct____
11 | produces a printout giving
12 | connect time
13 | for each user who has logged in
14 | during the life of the current wtmp____ file.
15 | A total is also produced.
16 | -w__ is used to specify an alternate wtmp file.
17 | -p__ prints individual totals; without this option,
18 | only totals are printed.
19 | -d__ causes a printout for each midnight to midnight
20 | period.
21 | The people______ argument will limit the
22 | printout to only the specified login names.
23 | If no wtmp file is given,
24 | /usr/adm/wtmp_____________
25 | is used.
26 | .sp
27 | .ti 0
28 | FILES		/usr/adm/wtmp
29 | .sp
30 | .ti 0
31 | SEE ALSO	init(VII), login(I), wtmp(V).
32 | .sp
33 | .ti 0
34 | DIAGNOSTICS	"Cannot open 'wtmp'" if argument is unreadable.
35 | .sp
36 | .ti 0
37 | BUGS		--
38 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man8/check.8:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'CHECK (VIII)'1/20/73'CHECK (VIII)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		check -- file system consistency check
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	check_____ [ filesystem [ blockno918 ... ] ]
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	check_____
11 | will examine a file system,
12 | build a bit map of used blocks,
13 | and compare this bit map against
14 | the bit map maintained on the file system.
15 | If the file system is not specified,
16 | a check of all
17 | of the normally mounted file systems
18 | is performed.
19 | Output includes the number of files on the file system,
20 | the number of these that are 'large', the number
21 | of indirect blocks,
22 | the number
23 | of used blocks, and the number of free blocks.
24 | .sp
25 | check_____ works by examining the i-nodes
26 | on the file system and is entirely
27 | independent of its directory hierarchy.
28 | The file system may be,
29 | but need not be, mounted.
30 | 
31 | .ti 0
32 | FILES		/dev/rf?,
33 | /dev/rk?,
34 | /dev/rp?
35 | .sp
36 | .ti 0
37 | SEE ALSO	find(I), ds(I)
38 | .sp
39 | .ti 0
40 | DIAGNOSTICS	Diagnostics are produced for
41 | blocks missing, duplicated, and bad block addresses.
42 | Diagnostics are also produced for block numbers passed as parameters.
43 | In each case, the block number, i-number, and
44 | block class (i_ = inode, x_ indirect, f_ free) is printed.
45 | .sp
46 | .ti 0
47 | BUGS		The
48 | checking process is two pass in nature.
49 | If checking is done on an active file system,
50 | extraneous diagnostics may occur.
51 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man8/chk.8:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'CHK (VIII)'1/20/73'CHK (VIII)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		chk -- check + dcheck
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	chk
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	This
11 | command file does a check_____ and a dcheck______ of all of the normally mounted
12 | file systems.
13 | .sp
14 | .ti 0
15 | FILES		/dev/[fkp]*
16 | .sp
17 | .ti 0
18 | SEE ALSO	check (VIII), dcheck (VIII)
19 | .sp
20 | .ti 0
21 | DIAGNOSTICS	see "SEE ALSO"
22 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man8/clri.8:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'CLRI (VIII)'1/20/73'CLRI (VIII)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		clri -- clear i-node
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	clri i-number [ file system ]
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	clri____
11 | writes zeros on the 32 bytes occupied by the i-node
12 | numbered
13 | .ul
14 | i-number.
15 | If the
16 | .ul
17 | file system
18 | argument is given, the i-node resides on
19 | the given device, otherwise on a
20 | default file system.
21 | The file system argument
22 | must be a special file
23 | name referring to a device
24 | containing a file system.
25 | 
26 | After clri____, any blocks
27 | in the affected file
28 | will show up as "missing" in a check_____ of
29 | the file system.
30 | 
31 | Read and write permission is required on the specified
32 | file system device.
33 | The i-node becomes allocatable.
34 | 
35 | The primary purpose of this routine
36 | is to remove a file which
37 | for some reason appears in no
38 | directory.
39 | .sp
40 | .ti 0
41 | DIAGNOSTICS	"error"
42 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man8/dcheck.8:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'DCHECK (VIII)'1/20/73'DCHECK (VIII)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		dcheck -- directory consistency check
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	dcheck______ [ -l__ ] [ device ]
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	dcheck______
11 | builds an image of the directory hierarchy
12 | of the specified device
13 | by reading all its directories (using physical I/O
14 | guided by the i-nodes on the device).
15 | A list entry is made for
16 | each file encountered.
17 | A second pass reads the i-nodes and for
18 | each file compares the number of links
19 | specified in its i-node
20 | with the number of entries actually seen.
21 | All discrepancies are noted.
22 | .sp
23 | If no device is specified,
24 | a default device is assumed.
25 | .sp
26 | The argument -l__ causes a complete
27 | listing of the file names on the device
28 | in i-node order.
29 | .sp
30 | .ti 0
31 | FILES		/dev/rk?
32 | .sp
33 | .ti 0
34 | SEE ALSO	check(VIII)
35 | .sp
36 | .ti 0
37 | DIAGNOSTICS	inconsistent i-numbers,
38 | unnamed files,
39 | unreachable files,
40 | loops in directory "hierarchy".
41 | .sp
42 | .ti 0
43 | BUGS		Unreachable files and loops are
44 | discovered only under the "-l" option.
45 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man8/dli.8:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'DLI (VIII)'3/15/72'DLI (VIII)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		dli -- load DEC binary paper tapes
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	dli output [input]
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	dli___
11 | will load a DEC binary paper tape
12 | into the output file.
13 | The binary format paper tape
14 | is read from the input file
15 | (/dev/ppt is default.)
16 | .sp
17 | .ti 0
18 | FILES		/dev/ppt
19 | .sp
20 | .ti 0
21 | SEE ALSO	--
22 | .sp
23 | .ti 0
24 | DIAGNOSTICS	"checksum"
25 | .sp
26 | .ti 0
27 | BUGS		--
28 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man8/istat.8:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'ISTAT (VIII)'1/20/73'ISTAT (VIII)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		istat  --  get inode status
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	istat_____ [ filesystem ] inumber\d1\u ...
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	istat_____
11 | gives information about one or more i-nodes
12 | on the given file system or on /dev/rk0 if no file system
13 | is given.
14 | .sp
15 | The information is in exactly the same form
16 | as that for stat(I),
17 | except that mode letter "a" is
18 | used to indicate that the i-node is allocated,
19 | "u" that it is unallocated.
20 | .sp
21 | .ti 0
22 | FILES		/etc/uids,
23 | /dev/rk0
24 | .sp
25 | .ti 0
26 | SEE ALSO	stat(I), ls(I) (-l option)
27 | .sp
28 | .ti 0
29 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
30 | .sp
31 | .ti 0
32 | BUGS		istat_____
33 | ignores any read error
34 | and pretends to give status even if the file system
35 | is not physically present.
36 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man8/kill.8:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'KILL (VIII)'1/20/73'KILL (VIII)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		kill -- terminate process with extreme prejudice
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	/usr/adm/kill_____________ processnumber
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	After ps__
11 | (q.v.) has given you the unique ID of a process, you can terminate
12 | it by this command.
13 | A core image is produced in the process's working directory.
14 | 
15 | Only the super-user can exercise this privilege.
16 | .sp
17 | .ti 0
18 | FILES		--
19 | .sp
20 | .ti 0
21 | SEE ALSO	ps (VIII)
22 | .sp
23 | .ti 0
24 | DIAGNOSTICS	yes
25 | .sp
26 | .ti 0
27 | BUGS		If the process
28 | has executed sys nice (II)
29 | and there is another process which has not, but
30 | which loops,
31 | the first process cannot be done in properly,
32 | since it has to be swapped in so as cooperate
33 | in its own murder.
34 | 
35 | It would also be nice if ordinary people could
36 | kill their own processes.
37 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man8/mount.8:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'MOUNT (VIII)'1/20/73'MOUNT (VIII)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		mount  --  mount file system
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	/etc/mount__________ special file
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	mount_____
11 | announces to the system that a removable file system
12 | is present on the device corresponding to special
13 | file special_______ (which must refer to a disk or possibly DECtape).
14 | The file____ must exist already; it
15 | becomes the name of the root of the newly mounted
16 | file system.
17 | .sp
18 | .ti 0
19 | FILES		--
20 | .sp
21 | .ti 0
22 | SEE ALSO	umount(VIII)
23 | .sp
24 | .ti 0
25 | DIAGNOSTICS	"?",
26 | if the special file is already in use, cannot be read,
27 | or if file____ does not exist.
28 | .sp
29 | .ti 0
30 | BUGS		Should be usable only by the super-user.
31 | Mounting file systems full of garbage can crash the system.
32 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man8/ps.8:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'PS (VIII)'1/20/73'PS (VIII)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		ps -- process status
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	/usr/adm/ps [ -xlt____ ]
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION
11 | .br
12 | .in 8
13 | ps__
14 | prints certain facts about active
15 | processes.
16 | The information is columnar and consists of:
17 | 
18 | .in +3
19 | The (numerical) ID of the user associated
20 | with the process;
21 | 
22 | The last character of the control typewriter of the process
23 | or "x" if there is no control typewriter;
24 | "x" lines are suppressed unless the "x" option
25 | is given.
26 | 
27 | The number of 512-byte disk blocks holding the core
28 | image of the process;
29 | 
30 | The process's unique ID (only with "l" option)
31 | 
32 | The number of hours (mod 100) and minutes of system, disk, and
33 | user-process time accumulated by the process and
34 | all its terminated descendants (only with "t" option)
35 | 
36 | An educated guess as to the command line which caused the
37 | process to be created.
38 | 
39 | .in -3
40 | Some caveats:
41 | 
42 | The guess as to the command name and arguments is obtained by examining
43 | the process's stack.
44 | The process is entitled to destroy this information.
45 | Also, only processes whose core images are on disk have
46 | visible names.
47 | The ps__ command in particular
48 | does not, nor does any other process which happens to
49 | be in core at the same time.
50 | ps__ tries to overcome this limitation by spawning
51 | a subprocess designed to take up the other core
52 | slot, and is usually successful.
53 | Because ps__ examines a dynamically changing data structure,
54 | it can produce incorrect results, for example if
55 | a process's core image moves between the time
56 | ps__ gets its disk address and reads its stack.
57 | 
58 | Besides its utility for simple spying,
59 | ps__ is the only plausible
60 | way to find the process number of someone you are trying
61 | to kill (VIII).
62 | .sp
63 | .in 16
64 | .ti 0
65 | FILES		/dev/rf0,
66 | /sys/sys/unix (to get magic numbers).
67 | .sp
68 | .ti 0
69 | SEE ALSO	kill (VIII)
70 | .sp
71 | .ti 0
72 | DIAGNOSTICS	"Bad RF", if
73 | a bad swap address turns up;
74 | various missing-file diagnostics.
75 | .sp
76 | .ti 0
77 | BUGS		As described.
78 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man8/salv.8:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'SALV (VIII)'1/20/73'SALV (VIII)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		salv -- file system salvage
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	/etc/salv_________ filesystem [ -akfs_____ ]
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION
11 | .br
12 | .in 8
13 | salv____
14 | will place a given file system
15 | in a consistent state with
16 | almost no loss of information.
17 | This is the first step in putting things
18 | together after a bad crash.
19 | Salv performs the following functions:
20 | .sp
21 | .in +3
22 | A valid free list is constructed.
23 | 
24 | .in -3
25 | The previous step is always performed; the following steps
26 | are performed only if the "a" option is given.
27 | If the file system's only defect is missing blocks,
28 | "a" should not be specified.
29 | .in +3
30 | .sp
31 | All bad pointers in the file system are zeroed.
32 | .sp
33 | All duplicate pointers to the same block
34 | are resolved by changing one of the pointers
35 | to point at a new block containing a copy of the data.
36 | .sp
37 | Inodes (not directory entries) for special files
38 | are generated (mode 16).
39 | 
40 | Files whose size is too large for the number of
41 | blocks they contain (after bad pointers are zeroed)
42 | have their size revised downward.
43 | 
44 | .in -3
45 | The file system should be unmounted while it is
46 | being salvaged.
47 | In cases of extreme need the permanently mounted
48 | file system may be salvaged; in such a case
49 | the system must be rebooted before it
50 | has a chance to write out the old, bad super-block.
51 | 
52 | The "k", "f", and "s" options
53 | tell salv what magic numbers to use to generate
54 | the size of the free list and the i-node map.
55 | "k" is default (RK disk); "f" is RF; "s" is RK with
56 | swap space on it.
57 | If salv is to be used away
58 | from the mother system its code should be cheked
59 | to verify the numbers.
60 | .sp
61 | After a salv, files may be safely created
62 | and removed without causing
63 | more trouble.
64 | If the "a" option had to be used,
65 | a dcheck (VIII) should be done to find the degree
66 | of the damage to the hierarchy.
67 | .sp
68 | .in 16
69 | .ti 0
70 | FILES		/dev/rk0
71 | .sp
72 | .ti 0
73 | SEE ALSO	check(I), ds(I)
74 | .sp
75 | .ti 0
76 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
77 | .sp
78 | .ti 0
79 | BUGS		In
80 | only one (known) way does salv____ destroy information:
81 | if some random block appears to be an indirect block
82 | for a file,
83 | all "bad pointers" (for example, ASCII text) in it
84 | will be zeroed.  If
85 | the block also appears in another file, it may be
86 | scribbled on before it is copied.
87 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man8/su.8:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'SU (VIII)'1/20/73'SU (VIII)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		su  --  become privileged user
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	su__
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	su
11 | allows one to become the super-user, who has
12 | all sorts of marvelous (and correspondingly dangerous) powers.
13 | In order for su to do its magic, the user must
14 | supply a password.
15 | If the password is correct, su
16 | will execute the shell with the UID set to
17 | that of the super-user.
18 | To restore normal UID privileges,
19 | type an end-of-file to the super-user shell.
20 | 
21 | To remind the super-user of his responsibilities,
22 | the shell substitutes "#" for its usual prompt "%".
23 | .sp
24 | .ti 0
25 | FILES		--
26 | .sp
27 | .ti 0
28 | SEE ALSO	sh(I)
29 | .sp
30 | .ti 0
31 | DIAGNOSTICS	"Sorry" if password is wrong
32 | .sp
33 | .ti 0
34 | BUGS		--
35 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man8/swtmp.8:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'SWTMP (VIII)'2/11/73'SWTMP (VIII)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		swtmp -- update accounting file
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	swtmp_____
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	This
11 | shell sequence concatenates /tmp/wtmp onto /usr/adm/wtmp
12 | and truncates /tmp/wtmp.
13 | It should be used before
14 | using acct(VIII)
15 | and every so often in any case if accounting
16 | is to be maintained.
17 | .sp
18 | .ti 0
19 | FILES		/tmp/wtmp,
20 | /usr/adm/wtmp
21 | .sp
22 | .ti 0
23 | SEE ALSO	acct(VIII),
24 | wtmp(V)
25 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man8/tm.8:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'TM (VIII)'3/15/72'TM (VIII)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		tm  --  provide time information
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	tm__
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	tm__
11 | is used to provide timing information.
12 | Output like the following
13 | is given:
14 | .sp
15 | .in +5
16 |    tim 371:51:09     2:00.8
17 |    ovh  20:00:33       17.0
18 |    swp  13:43:20        4.6
19 |    dsk  27:14:35        4.5
20 |    idl 533:08:03     1:33.3
21 |    usr  24:53:50        1.2
22 |    der    0,  54     0,   0
23 | .sp
24 | .in -5
25 | The first column of numbers gives totals in the named categories
26 | since the last time the system was cold-booted;  the second
27 | column gives the changes since the last time tm__ was invoked.
28 | The top left number is badly truncated and should be ignored.
29 | ovh___ is time spent
30 | executing in the system;
31 | swp___ is time waiting for swap I/O;
32 | dsk___ is time spent waiting for
33 | file system disk I/O; idl___ is idle time; usr___ is user execution
34 | time; der___ is RF disk error count (left number) and RK disk error
35 | count (right number).
36 | 
37 | .ti 0
38 | FILES		/dev/rf0 (for absolute times);
39 | /tmp/ttmp for differential timing history.
40 | .sp
41 | .ti 0
42 | SEE ALSO	time(I), file system(V)
43 | .sp
44 | .ti 0
45 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
46 | .sp
47 | .ti 0
48 | BUGS		--
49 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/man8/umount.8:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'UMOUNT (VIII)'1/20/73'UMOUNT (VIII)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		umount  --  dismount file system
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	/etc/umount___________ special
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	umount______
11 | announces to the system that the removable file system previously
12 | mounted on special file special_______ is to be removed.
13 | 
14 | The user must take care not
15 | only that all I/O activity on the file system has ceased,
16 | but that no one has his current directory on it.
17 | 
18 | Only the super-user may issue this command.
19 | .sp
20 | .ti 0
21 | FILES		--
22 | .sp
23 | .ti 0
24 | SEE ALSO	mount(VIII)
25 | .sp
26 | .ti 0
27 | DIAGNOSTICS	"?"
28 | .sp
29 | .ti 0
30 | BUGS		This
31 | command is not, in fact, restricted to the super-user.
32 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/manx/basic.6:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he '3/15/72''BASIC (VI)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		basic -- DEC supplied BASIC
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	basic [file]
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	Basic
11 | is the standard BASIC V000 distributed
12 | as a stand alone program.
13 | The optional file argument is read before the console.
14 | See DEC-11-AJPB-D manual.
15 | .sp
16 | Since bas___ is smaller and faster,
17 | basic_____ is not maintained on line.
18 | .sp
19 | .ti 0
20 | FILES		--
21 | .sp
22 | .ti 0
23 | SEE ALSO	bas
24 | .sp
25 | .ti 0
26 | DIAGNOSTICS	See manual
27 | .sp
28 | .ti 0
29 | BUGS		GOK
30 | .sp
31 | .ti 0
32 | OWNER		dmr
33 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/manx/cal.6:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he '3/15/72''CAL (VI)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		cal -- print calendar
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	/usr/ken/cal year
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	Cal
11 | will print a calendar for the given year.
12 | The year can be between 0 (really 1 BC)
13 | and 9999.
14 | For years when
15 | several calendars were in vogue in
16 | different countries,
17 | the calendar of England (and therefore her colonies)
18 | is printed.
19 | .sp
20 | P.S. try cal of 1752.
21 | .sp
22 | .ti 0
23 | FILES		--
24 | .sp
25 | .ti 0
26 | SEE ALSO	--
27 | .sp
28 | .ti 0
29 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
30 | .sp
31 | .ti 0
32 | BUGS		--
33 | .sp
34 | .ti 0
35 | OWNER		ken
36 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/manx/chash.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he '6/13/1972''CHASH (I)'
 3 | .fi
 4 | .in16
 5 | .ti 0
 6 | NAME		chash  --  precompile a hash table for cref____
 7 | .sp
 8 | .fi
 9 | .in16
10 | .ti 0
11 | SYNOPSIS	chash_____ file1 file2
12 | .sp
13 | .fi
14 | .in16
15 | .ti 0
16 | DESCRIPTION	CHASH
17 | takes symbols (character sequences; one per line) from
18 | file1_____ and compiles a hash table for the use of cref____.
19 | The table is written on file2_____.
20 | .sp
21 | A subroutine suitable for searching such a hash table
22 | is available from the author.
23 | .sp
24 | .fi
25 | .in16
26 | .ti 0
27 | FILES		---
28 | .sp
29 | .fi
30 | .in16
31 | .ti 0
32 | SEE ALSO	cref(I)
33 | .sp
34 | .fi
35 | .in16
36 | .ti 0
37 | DIAGNOSTICS	---
38 | .sp
39 | .fi
40 | .in16
41 | .ti 0
42 | BUGS		There
43 | can only be 199 symbols; they may total
44 | only 600 characters of text.
45 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/manx/das.6:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he '3/15/72''DAS (VI)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		das -- disassembler
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	--
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	A PDP-11
11 | disassembler exists.
12 | Contact the owner for more information.
13 | .sp
14 | .ti 0
15 | FILES		--
16 | .sp
17 | .ti 0
18 | SEE ALSO	--
19 | .sp
20 | .ti 0
21 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
22 | .sp
23 | .ti 0
24 | BUGS		--
25 | .sp
26 | .ti 0
27 | OWNER		ken
28 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/manx/dds.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he 'Y''X'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		X
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	X
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	X
11 | .sp
12 | .ti 0
13 | FILES		X
14 | .sp
15 | .ti 0
16 | SEE ALSO	X
17 | .sp
18 | .ti 0
19 | DIAGNOSTICS	X
20 | .sp
21 | .ti 0
22 | BUGS		X
23 | .sp
24 | .ti 0
25 | OWNER		X
26 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/manx/dpt.6:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he '3/15/72''DPT (VI)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		dpt -- read DEC ASCII paper tape
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	dpt output [input]
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	dpt___
11 | reads the input file (/dev/ppt default)
12 | assuming the format is a DEC generated
13 | ASCII paper tape of an assembly language program.
14 | The output is a UNIX ASCII assembly program.
15 | .sp
16 | .ti 0
17 | FILES		/dev/ppt
18 | .sp
19 | .ti 0
20 | SEE ALSO	--
21 | .sp
22 | .ti 0
23 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
24 | .sp
25 | .ti 0
26 | BUGS		Almost
27 | always a hand pass is required to get
28 | a correct output.
29 | .sp
30 | .ti 0
31 | OWNER		ken, dmr
32 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/manx/fstrip.1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he '10/24/72''FSTRIP (I)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		fstrip -- remove Fortran internal symbols
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	fstrip______ name\d1\u ...
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	Fortran output
11 | files occasionally refer to so
12 | many symbols that the debugger db__ (I) balks.
13 | .ul
14 | fstrip
15 | massages a Fortran output file to remove the symbols
16 | which are internal to Fortran.
17 | 
18 | From the symbol tables contained in the files
19 | given as arguments,
20 | fstrip______ removes the symbols of the form "l#",
21 | where "l" is one of "t", "c", or "d", and "#" is
22 | a decimal number.
23 | 
24 | The output of fstrip______ is unacceptable to the loader
25 | under any circumstances.
26 | .sp
27 | .ti 0
28 | FILES		--
29 | .sp
30 | .ti 0
31 | SEE ALSO	fc(I)
32 | .sp
33 | .ti 0
34 | DIAGNOSTICS	yes, hopefully self-explanatory
35 | .sp
36 | .ti 0
37 | BUGS		--
38 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/manx/ident.5:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he '6/12/72''IDENT (V)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		ident -- IDENT card file
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	--
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	ident_____
11 | is a file used to generate GECOS $IDENT
12 | cards by the off-line print program opr(I).
13 | There is one entry per line in the following
14 | style:
15 | 
16 | 	05:m1234,m789,name
17 | 
18 | which causes the following $IDENT card to be generated:
19 | 
20 | 	$	IDENT	m1234,m789,name
21 | 
22 | .sp
23 | .ti 0
24 | FILES		kept
25 | in /etc/ident.
26 | .sp
27 | .ti 0
28 | SEE ALSO	opr(I)
29 | .sp
30 | .ti 0
31 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
32 | .sp
33 | .ti 0
34 | BUGS		--
35 | .sp
36 | .ti 0
37 | OWNER		ken, dmr
38 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/manx/kbd.7:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he '6/15/72''KBD (VII)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		kbd  --  keyboard map
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	cat /usr/pub/kbd
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	kbd___
11 | contains a map to the keyboard for model 37 Teletype
12 | terminals with the extended character set feature.
13 | If kbd___
14 | is printed on such a terminal, the following will appear:
15 | 
16 | .nf
17 | .in -2
18 | <[1234567890-_]^\\ >qwertyuiop@ asdfghjkl;: zxcvbnm,./
19 | 
20 | <[1234567890-_]^\\ >          @          ;:        ,./
21 | 
22 | 
23 | <{!"#$%&'() =_}~| >QWERTYUIOP` ASDFGHJKL+* ZXCVBNM,.?
24 | 
25 | <{ !"#$%&'() =_} ~ |  >QWERTYUIOP`  ASDFGHJKL+* ZXCVBNM,.?
26 | 
27 | 
28 | .fi
29 | .sp
30 | .in +2
31 | .ti 0
32 | FILES		--
33 | .sp
34 | .ti 0
35 | SEE ALSO	--
36 | .sp
37 | .ti 0
38 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
39 | .sp
40 | .ti 0
41 | BUGS		--
42 | .sp
43 | .ti 0
44 | OWNER		jfo
45 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/manx/lpr.4:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he '6/12/72''LPR (IV)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		/dev/lpr -- line printer
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	--
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	The
11 | line printer special file is
12 | the UNIX interface to a DEC LP-11 line printer.
13 | This file may only be opened (or creat'ed) for writing.
14 | Anything written on this file is printed on the line printer.
15 | The following special cases for the
16 | printer are handled:
17 | .sp
18 | .in +3
19 | On opening and on closing, the paper is
20 | slewed to the top of the next page.
21 | .sp
22 | For the 64 character printer (LP11-FA),
23 | all lower case letters are
24 | converted to upper case.
25 | .sp
26 | Tabs are converted to align on every eighth column.
27 | .sp
28 | New lines and form feeds are ignored when the
29 | printer is at the top of a page.
30 | This is done so that pr__ and roff____ output may
31 | be directed to the printer and sync on
32 | page boundaries even with automatic page slew.
33 | .sp
34 | Carriage return and back space
35 | can cause multiple printing on a single line
36 | to allow for overstruck graphics.
37 | .sp
38 | .in -3
39 | .ti 0
40 | FILES		found in /dev
41 | .sp
42 | .ti 0
43 | SEE ALSO	--
44 | .sp
45 | .ti 0
46 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
47 | .sp
48 | .ti 0
49 | BUGS		--
50 | .sp
51 | .ti 0
52 | OWNER		ken, dmr
53 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/manx/moo.6:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he '3/15/72''MOO (VI)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		moo -- a game
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	/usr/games/moo
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	moo___
11 | is a guessing game imported from England.
12 | .sp
13 | .ti 0
14 | FILES		--
15 | .sp
16 | .ti 0
17 | SEE ALSO	--
18 | .sp
19 | .ti 0
20 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
21 | .sp
22 | .ti 0
23 | BUGS		--
24 | .sp
25 | .ti 0
26 | OWNER		ken
27 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/manx/rp.4:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he '6/12/72''RP0 (IV)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		rp0  --  RP11/RP02 disk
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	--
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	rp0___
11 | refers to the entire RP02 disk as a single sequentially-addressed
12 | file.
13 | Its 256-word blocks are numbered 0 to 40599.
14 | Like the RF disk and the tape files, its
15 | addressing is block-oriented.
16 | Consult the rf0(IV) section.
17 | .sp
18 | .ti 0
19 | FILES		found in /dev
20 | .sp
21 | .ti 0
22 | SEE ALSO	rf0(IV), tap0(IV)
23 | .sp
24 | .ti 0
25 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
26 | .sp
27 | .ti 0
28 | BUGS		See rf0(IV)
29 | .br
30 | Due to a hardware bug,
31 | block 40599 on the RP cannot be accessed.
32 | .sp
33 | .ti 0
34 | OWNER		ken, dmr
35 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/manx/speakm.5:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he '2/5/73''SPEAK.M (V)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		/etc/speak.m -- voice synthesizer vocabulary
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | DESCRIPTION	The memory file for
 8 | .ul
 9 | speak.
10 | It contains:
11 | .sp
12 | - a word containing n, the number of entries
13 | .br
14 | - n 4-word entries, counted 0,1...n-1
15 | .br
16 | - a word containing m, the number of bytes of strings
17 | .br
18 | - m bytes of strings, counted 0,1...m-1, each null-terminated
19 | .sp
20 | The entries are arranged in a tree.
21 | Each consists of four pointers.
22 | Zero pointers point nowhere.
23 | The pointers are:
24 | .sp
25 | - the number (in string storage) of the first byte of the
26 | word for this entry
27 | .br
28 | - the number of the first byte of the phonetic line
29 | for the word.  The line is coded according to vsp___ (VII).
30 | .br
31 | - the number of an entry that precedes the present word
32 | in ascii lexicographic order
33 | .br
34 | - the number of an entry that follows the present
35 | word in lexicographic order
36 | .br
37 | .sp
38 | Entry zero points to no word.
39 | Byte zero of string storage is null.
40 | .sp
41 | .ti 0
42 | SEE ALSO	speak(I), vsp(VII)
43 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/manx/ttt.6:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he '3/15/72''TTT (VI)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		ttt -- tic-tac-toe
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	/usr/games/ttt
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	ttt___
11 | is the X's and O's game
12 | popular in 1st grade.
13 | This is a learning program that never
14 | makes the same mistake twice.
15 | .sp
16 | .ti 0
17 | FILES		ttt.k -- old mistakes
18 | .sp
19 | .ti 0
20 | SEE ALSO	--
21 | .sp
22 | .ti 0
23 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
24 | .sp
25 | .ti 0
26 | BUGS		--
27 | .sp
28 | .ti 0
29 | OWNER		ken
30 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/manx/uids.5:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | .pa 1
 2 | .he '3/15/72''UIDS (V)'
 3 | .ti 0
 4 | NAME		/etc/uids  --  map user names to user IDs
 5 | .sp
 6 | .ti 0
 7 | SYNOPSIS	--
 8 | .sp
 9 | .ti 0
10 | DESCRIPTION	This file
11 | allows programs to map user names into user numbers and vice versa.
12 | Anyone can read it.
13 | It resides in directory /etc, and should be updated
14 | along with the password file when a user is added or deleted.
15 | 
16 | The format is an ASCII name,
17 | followed by a colon, followed by a decimal ASCII
18 | user ID number.
19 | .sp
20 | .ti 0
21 | FILES		--
22 | .sp
23 | .ti 0
24 | SEE ALSO	--
25 | .sp
26 | .ti 0
27 | DIAGNOSTICS	--
28 | .sp
29 | .ti 0
30 | BUGS		--
31 | .sp
32 | .ti 0
33 | OWNER		dmr, ken
34 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/mkall.sh:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | #!/bin/sh
 2 | #
 3 | # Typeset the complete Unix Programmer's Manual
 4 | #
 5 | # Diomidis Spinellis, November 2017
 6 | #
 7 | 
 8 | 
 9 | # Nroff to Postscript via enscript(1)
10 | psnroff()
11 | {
12 |   nroff -Tascii "$@" -P-c | enscript --margins=75 -l -p-
13 | }
14 | 
15 | {
16 |   # Typeset the front matter
17 |   # No attempt is made to recreate the table of contents and index
18 |   (cd man0 && psnroff -me aa intro basinf toc)
19 | 
20 |   # Typeset the individual manual pages
21 |   for s in man[1-8] ; do
22 |     for f in $s/* ; do
23 |       psnroff man0/aam $f
24 |     done
25 |   done
26 | } |
27 | # Convert all the Postscript output into PDF
28 | gs -sDEVICE=pdfwrite -dNOPAUSE -dBATCH -dSAFER -sOutputFile=v3man.pdf - pdfmarks
29 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/pdfmarks:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | [ /Title (UNIX Programmer's Manual: Third Edition)
 2 |   /Author (K. Thompson and D. M. Ritchie)
 3 |   /Subject (UNIX)
 4 |   /Keywords (Unix, operating system)
 5 |   /ModDate (D:19730201000000)
 6 |   /CreationDate (D:20180111140500)
 7 |   /Creator (nroff)
 8 |   /Producer (mkall.sh: enscript | Ghostscript)
 9 |   /DOCINFO pdfmark
10 | 
11 | [ /Page 2 /Title (Preface to the Third Edition) /View [/XYZ null null 0] /OUT pdfmark
12 | [ /Page 3 /Title (Introduction to this manual) /View [/XYZ null null 0] /OUT pdfmark
13 | [ /Page 7 /Title (How to get started) /View [/XYZ null null 0] /OUT pdfmark
14 | [ /Page 13 /Title (Table of contents) /View [/XYZ null null 0] /OUT pdfmark
15 | [ /Page 18 /Title (Index) /View [/XYZ null null 0] /OUT pdfmark
16 | [ /Page 33 /Title (I. Commands) /View [/XYZ null null 0] /OUT pdfmark
17 | [ /Page 151 /Title (II. System calls) /View [/XYZ null null 0] /OUT pdfmark
18 | [ /Page 196 /Title (III. Subroutines) /View [/XYZ null null 0] /OUT pdfmark
19 | [ /Page 227 /Title (IV. Special files) /View [/XYZ null null 0] /OUT pdfmark
20 | [ /Page 242 /Title (V. File formats) /View [/XYZ null null 0] /OUT pdfmark
21 | [ /Page 255 /Title (VI. User-maintained programs) /View [/XYZ null null 0] /OUT pdfmark
22 | [ /Page 260 /Title (VII. Miscellaneous) /View [/XYZ null null 0] /OUT pdfmark
23 | [ /Page 272 /Title (VIII. Maintenance) /View [/XYZ null null 0] /OUT pdfmark
24 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/publish.sh:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | #!/bin/sh
 2 | # Publish the site from docs to GitHub
 3 | 
 4 | set -e
 5 | 
 6 | SOURCE_BRANCH="master"
 7 | TARGET_BRANCH="gh-pages"
 8 | REPO=$(git config remote.origin.url)
 9 | SHA=`git rev-parse --verify HEAD`
10 | 
11 | # Clone the existing gh-pages for this repo into a second working repository
12 | # in the web/ directory.
13 | # Create a new empty branch if gh-pages doesn't exist yet
14 | # (should only happen on first deploy)
15 | rm -rf web
16 | git clone $REPO web
17 | cd web
18 | git checkout $TARGET_BRANCH || git checkout --orphan $TARGET_BRANCH
19 | 
20 | # Clean web existing contents
21 | rm -rf *
22 | 
23 | # Build and bring in current content
24 | (cd .. && ./mkall.sh )
25 | cp ../v3man.pdf .
26 | cp ../site-index.html index.html
27 | 
28 | if git diff --quiet ; then
29 |   echo "No changes to the output on this push; exiting."
30 |   exit 0
31 | fi
32 | 
33 | git add --all .
34 | git commit -m "Deploy to GitHub Pages: ${SHA}"
35 | git push
36 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/site-index.html:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | <!DOCTYPE html>
 2 | <html lang="en">
 3 |   <head>
 4 |     <meta charset="utf-8">
 5 |     <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
 6 |     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
 7 |     <!-- The above 3 meta tags *must* come first in the head; any other head content must come *after* these tags -->
 8 | 
 9 |     <!-- Bootstrap -->
10 |     <!-- Latest compiled and minified CSS -->
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24 | 
25 |     <title>The Third Research Edition Unix Programmer's Manual</title>
26 |   </head>
27 |   <body>
28 |     <h1>The Third Research Edition Unix Programmer's Manual</h1>
29 |     <p>
30 |     Through <a href="v3man.pdf">this link</a> you can view or download
31 |     the complete
32 |     <em>Unix Programmer's Manual</em> (Third Edition, February 1973).
33 |     </p>
34 |     <p>
35 |     The source code for typesetting the manual from the original <em>troff</em>
36 |     files and for creating this site is available in
37 |       <a href="https://github.com/dspinellis/unix-v3man">https://github.com/dspinellis/unix-v3man</a>.
38 |     </p>
39 |   </body>
40 | </html>
41 | 


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