├── CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md ├── CONTRIBUTING.md ├── LICENSE ├── README.md ├── crowdsourcing ├── AMT_AnnotationInstructions.pdf └── HIT_designs │ ├── annotation_qualification.html │ ├── annotation_task.html │ ├── pairwise_ranking_task.html │ ├── rating_qualification.html │ ├── rating_task_10sents.html │ └── rating_task_5sents.html ├── dataset ├── asset.test.orig ├── asset.test.simp.0 ├── asset.test.simp.1 ├── asset.test.simp.2 ├── asset.test.simp.3 ├── asset.test.simp.4 ├── asset.test.simp.5 ├── asset.test.simp.6 ├── asset.test.simp.7 ├── asset.test.simp.8 ├── asset.test.simp.9 ├── asset.valid.orig ├── asset.valid.simp.0 ├── asset.valid.simp.1 ├── asset.valid.simp.2 ├── asset.valid.simp.3 ├── asset.valid.simp.4 ├── asset.valid.simp.5 ├── asset.valid.simp.6 ├── asset.valid.simp.7 ├── asset.valid.simp.8 └── asset.valid.simp.9 └── human_ratings ├── README.md ├── asset_pairwise_comparisons_with_turkcorpus_and_hsplit.csv └── human_ratings.csv /CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # Code of Conduct 2 | 3 | ## Our Pledge 4 | 5 | In the interest of fostering an open and welcoming environment, we as 6 | contributors and maintainers pledge to make participation in our project and 7 | our community a harassment-free experience for everyone, regardless of age, body 8 | size, disability, ethnicity, sex characteristics, gender identity and expression, 9 | level of experience, education, socio-economic status, nationality, personal 10 | appearance, race, religion, or sexual identity and orientation. 11 | 12 | ## Our Standards 13 | 14 | Examples of behavior that contributes to creating a positive environment 15 | include: 16 | 17 | * Using welcoming and inclusive language 18 | * Being respectful of differing viewpoints and experiences 19 | * Gracefully accepting constructive criticism 20 | * Focusing on what is best for the community 21 | * Showing empathy towards other community members 22 | 23 | Examples of unacceptable behavior by participants include: 24 | 25 | * The use of sexualized language or imagery and unwelcome sexual attention or 26 | advances 27 | * Trolling, insulting/derogatory comments, and personal or political attacks 28 | * Public or private harassment 29 | * Publishing others' private information, such as a physical or electronic 30 | address, without explicit permission 31 | * Other conduct which could reasonably be considered inappropriate in a 32 | professional setting 33 | 34 | ## Our Responsibilities 35 | 36 | Project maintainers are responsible for clarifying the standards of acceptable 37 | behavior and are expected to take appropriate and fair corrective action in 38 | response to any instances of unacceptable behavior. 39 | 40 | Project maintainers have the right and responsibility to remove, edit, or 41 | reject comments, commits, code, wiki edits, issues, and other contributions 42 | that are not aligned to this Code of Conduct, or to ban temporarily or 43 | permanently any contributor for other behaviors that they deem inappropriate, 44 | threatening, offensive, or harmful. 45 | 46 | ## Scope 47 | 48 | This Code of Conduct applies within all project spaces, and it also applies when 49 | an individual is representing the project or its community in public spaces. 50 | Examples of representing a project or community include using an official 51 | project e-mail address, posting via an official social media account, or acting 52 | as an appointed representative at an online or offline event. 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For 396 | the avoidance of doubt, this paragraph does not form part of the 397 | public licenses. 398 | 399 | Creative Commons may be contacted at creativecommons.org. 400 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # ASSET Corpus 2 | 3 | ASSET is a dataset for evaluating Sentence Simplification systems with multiple rewriting transformations, as described in ["ASSET: A Dataset for Tuning and Evaluation of Sentence Simplification Models with Multiple Rewriting Transformations"](https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/2020.acl-main.424/). 4 | 5 | The corpus is composed of 2000 validation and 359 test original sentences `dataset/asset.{valid,test}.orig` that were each simplified 10 times by different annotators `dataset/asset.{valid.test}.simp.{0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}` (one sample per line). 6 | 7 | We recommend that you evaluate your Text Simplification (TS) system using this dataset and traditional TS metrics with the [EASSE](https://github.com/feralvam/easse) package. 8 | 9 | 10 | ## Authors 11 | 12 | If you have any question, please contact the authors: 13 | **Fernando Alva-Manchego** ([f.alva@sheffield.ac.uk](mailto:f.alva@sheffield.ac.uk)) 14 | **Louis Martin** ([louismartincs@gmail.com](mailto:louismartincs@gmail.com)) 15 | 16 | ## Citation 17 | If you use our work, please cite: 18 | 19 | ```bibtex 20 | @inproceedings{alva-manchego-etal-2020-asset, 21 | title = "{ASSET}: {A} Dataset for Tuning and Evaluation of Sentence Simplification Models with Multiple Rewriting Transformations", 22 | author = "Alva-Manchego, Fernando and 23 | Martin, Louis and 24 | Bordes, Antoine and 25 | Scarton, Carolina and 26 | Sagot, Beno{\^\i}t and 27 | Specia, Lucia", 28 | booktitle = "Proceedings of the 58th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics", 29 | month = jul, 30 | year = "2020", 31 | address = "Online", 32 | publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics", 33 | url = "https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/2020.acl-main.424", 34 | pages = "4668--4679", 35 | } 36 | ``` 37 | 38 | ## License 39 | 40 | See the [LICENSE](LICENSE) file for more details. 41 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /crowdsourcing/AMT_AnnotationInstructions.pdf: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/facebookresearch/asset/9d659040d0d8942dbc4cd65cf357563b43fd9ab4/crowdsourcing/AMT_AnnotationInstructions.pdf -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /crowdsourcing/HIT_designs/annotation_qualification.html: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 29 | 30 | 36 | 37 | 104 | 105 | 106 | 290 | 291 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /crowdsourcing/HIT_designs/annotation_task.html: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 28 | 29 | 35 | 36 | 102 | 103 | 104 | 105 | 106 | 107 | 108 | 314 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /crowdsourcing/HIT_designs/pairwise_ranking_task.html: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 17 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 62 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /crowdsourcing/HIT_designs/rating_qualification.html: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 15 | 16 | 31 | 32 | 38 | 39 | 106 | 107 | 108 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /crowdsourcing/HIT_designs/rating_task_10sents.html: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 15 | 16 | 31 | 32 | 38 | 39 | 106 | 107 | 108 | 462 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /crowdsourcing/HIT_designs/rating_task_5sents.html: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 15 | 16 | 31 | 32 | 38 | 39 | 107 | 108 | 109 | 319 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /dataset/asset.test.simp.1: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | One side of the armed conflicts is composed mainly of the Sudanese military and the Janjaweed. The Janjaweed are a Sudanese militia group recruited mostly from the Afro-Arab Abbala tribes of the northern Rizeigat region in Sudan. 2 | Able-bodied Muslims are required to visit Mecca, Islam's holiest city, at least once in their lifetime. 3 | It is likely that Neptune's Great Dark Spot is a hole in the methane cloud deck. 4 | An eventful day in the life of a neurosurgeon is shown in his next work, Saturday. 5 | The tarantula was the trickster character. It spun a black cord. Then it attached the cord to the ball, quickly crawled away and pulled on the ball with all its strength. 6 | He died there six weeks later. The date was January 13, 888. 7 | Their culture is similar to that of the coastal communities of Papua New Guinea. 8 | Since 2000, the winner of the Kate Greenaway Medal also receives the Colin Mears Award. The value of the prize is £5000. 9 | After the drummers are dancers with elaborate movements. They often play a tiny drum called the sogo. 10 | The spacecraft has two parts: NASA's Cassini orbiter, named after the Italian-French astronomer, and the ESA Huygens probe, named after the Dutch astronomer, mathematician and physicist. 11 | Allesandro "Sandro" Mazzola is an Italian former football player. 12 | Originally, it was thought that debris from the collision filled in the smaller craters. 13 | Graham was a student at Wheaton College from 1939 to 1943, and he graduated with a four year degree in anthropology. 14 | The BZÖ is different from the Freedom Party because it is against an EU-WIthdrawal. 15 | A lot of species had disappeared by the end of the nineteenth century because of European settlement. 16 | In 1987 Wexler became a part of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 17 | Pure dextromethorphan is a white powder. 18 | Getting admitted to Tsinghua is difficult. There is a lot of competition. 19 | NRC is an independent, private foundation. 20 | It encloses the city of Stalsund on the coast of the Baltic Sea. 21 | He was named "Sportsman of the Year" by Sports Illustrated in 1982. 22 | Fives is a British Sport thought to have the same origins as many racquet sports. 23 | King Bhumibol was born on Monday. Thailand will be decorated with yellow color on his birthday. 24 | Both names became unusable in 2007 when they were combined into The National Museum of Scotland. 25 | Tagore matched a number of styles, including craftwork from northern Ireland, Haida carvings from British Columbia, and woodcuts by Max Pechstein. 26 | On October 14, 1960, Presidential candidate John F. Kennedy proposed the concept of the Peace Corps. 27 | She performed for President Reagan in 1988's Great Performances at the White House series, which aired on PBS. 28 | Perry Saturn defeated Eddie Guerrero in the WWF European Championship. Saturn pinned Guerrero after a diving elbow drop. 29 | She stayed in the United States until 1927 when she and her husband went back to France. 30 | Despina was found in late July, 1989 from photos taken by the Voyager 2 probe. 31 | The first Italian Grand Prix motor racing championship took place 4 September 1921 at Brescia. 32 | He also completed wrote short story collections called The Ribbajack & Other Curious Yarns and Seven Strange and Ghostly Tales. 33 | In the images of Voyager 2, Ophelia looks like a long object with its main axis pointed towards Uranus. 34 | The British decided to get rid of him, and take the land by force. 35 | Some towns on the Eyre Highway do not follow official Western Australia time. 36 | In architectural decoration, small pieces of colored shell have been used to make mosaics and inlays. These have been used to decorate walls, furniture, and boxes. 37 | Other cities on the Palos Verdes Peninsula include Rancho Palos Verdes, Rolling Hills Estates, and Rolling Hills. 38 | In an effort to stop Drek from destroying the galaxy, Clank asks Rachet to help him find Captain Qwark. 39 | It is not a real louse. 40 | He recommends applying a user-centered design process and also works towards popularizing interaction design. 41 | It's theoretically possible that the other editors who reported you, and the administrator who blocked you, are part of a conspiracy against someone half a world away they've never met in person. 42 | Working Group I: Assesses the climate system and climate change. 43 | The island chain is part of the Hebrides, separated from the Scottish mainland and from the Inner Hebrides by the Minch, the Little Minch and the Sea of the Hebrides. 44 | Orton and his wife welcomed Alanna Marie Orton July 12, 2008. 45 | Formal minor planet names are combinations of numbers and a name overseen by the Minor Planet Center. 46 | By September 30, wind shear began to increase and weakening began. 47 | Each entry has a copy of data in a backing store. 48 | While many mosques will not enforce violations, everyone at a mosque must follow these guidelines. 49 | Mariel of Redwall is a 1991 fantasy book by Brian Jacques. 50 | Ryan Prosser is a ruby union player for Bristol Rugby. 51 | It is made of four reports, with three from its working groups, like previous assessment reports. 52 | Their granddaughter Hélène Langevin-Joliot is a professor of nuclear physics at the University of Paris. Their grandson Pierre Joliot is a noted biochemist. 53 | For the remainder of Victoria's reign, this continued to be the standard stamp, and vast quantities were printed. 54 | The world's first MMA (American mixed martial arts) promotion was The International Fight League. 55 | Giardiasisi scaused by giardia lamblia (synonymous with Lamblia intestinalis and Giardia duodenalis). It is a flagellated protozoan parasite that colonises and reproduces in the small intestine. 56 | Cameron has often worked in Christian-themed productions, among them are Left Behind: The Movie, Left Behind II: Tribulation Force, and Left Behind: World at War, in which he plays Cameron "Buck" Williams. 57 | The area was east of the beginning of the Vistula River. Later on, some people called it "Prussia proper." 58 | After graduation, he came back to Yerevan to teach at the local Conservatory. He later became artistic director of the Armenian Philarmonic Orchestra. 59 | The Christmas story is based on the biblical versions of the story. The biblical versions come from the Gospels of Matthew and Luke. 60 | Weelkes got in trouble with the Chichester Cathedral authorities because he drank a lot and behaved poorly. 61 | So far the 'celebrity' episodes have included Vic Reeves, Nancy Sorrell, Gaby Roslin, Scott Mills, Mark Chapman, Simon Gregson, Sue Cleaver, Carol Thatcher, Paul O'Grady and Lee Ryan. 62 | Stephen P. Synnott noticed it in pictures from the Voyager 1 space probe. 63 | Gomaespuma was a Spanish radio show, hosted by Juan Luis Cano and Guillermo Fesser. 64 | The album, The Resistance was announced on the website in 2009. 65 | He belonged to the Jungiery boyband 183 Club. 66 | Religious leader Hippolytus made the Apostolic Tradition which says to sing Hallel poems with Alleluia as in early Christian agape feasts. 67 | Rollo swore loyalty to Charles becoming a Christian and defended France against the Viking groups. 68 | It comes from Voice of America (VoA) Special English. 69 | Disney got a full-size Oscar statuette and seven miniature ones, presented by 10-year-old actress Shirley Temple. 70 | It was the first asteroid discovered by a spacecraft. 71 | Hinterrhein is a district in the canton of Graubünden, Switzerland. 72 | It continues as Bohemian Switzerland in the Czech Republic. 73 | This made people not understand when 220 (1,048,576) bytes is referenced as 1 MB (megabyte) instead of 1 MiB. 74 | What happened was in ethics reports in schooling subject. 75 | The animal is made less wild and gain weight by castrating him. 76 | Seventh sons have magic skills and seventh sons or seventh sons are really rare and strong. 77 | PassMark praises the 2009 version's install time, scan time, and memory. 78 | Volterra is a Tuscan town in Italy. 79 | People used to think that itch and pain were completely related, but now we know that is not true. 80 | The tongue has a mucous substance on it, which helps it to move in and out of the snout as well as to catch insects. 81 | The tram had come off the tracks in 2006 as well. 82 | There are statues of Sir Alf Ramsey and Sir Bobby Robson. 83 | Take the square root of the variance. 84 | Volunteers gave supplies and a live concert for people at the stadium. 85 | Vouvray-sur-Huisne is a large group of people that share a way of life in the Sarthe department. This can be found in Pays-de-la-Loire in northwestern France. 86 | Without Land-Use Controls, building are built along a bypass that may have as much traffic as local streets. 87 | People that want to explore Cooktown, Cape York Peninsula, and the Atherton Tableland can start at that point. 88 | Bruises are not dangerous but they can cause pain. 89 | Only you are responsible for the way you use the data found on Wikipedia and the links you find here. No one else is responsible. 90 | George Frideric Handel was the music master for the Elector of Hanover. The Elector became the first King George of Great Britain. 91 | Their eyes are small and they can't see very well. 92 | They are as tough as insect skeletons. 93 | Oregano is a necessary ingredient in Greek cuisine. 94 | Tickets can be sold for National Rail services, the Docklands Light Railway, and on the Oyster card. 95 | He produced and published these works himself, but his larger woodcuts were mostly commissioned work. 96 | The historical method is made of the techniques and guidelines by which historians use main sources and other evidence to research and write history. 97 | The icecap sitting on top of Lake Vostok is believed to be the cause of the high oxygen concentration. 98 | The population was 89,148 in year 2000. 99 | Aliteracy(sometimes spelled alliteracy) is the state of uninterested in reading. 100 | Mifepristone is a steroid compound used as a pharmaceutical. 101 | It digests its food in the water. It waits for prey in the water. 102 | Children might not report crimes when they know, trust, or care about the person. 103 | Landis' father supports his son now. He's one of Floyd's biggest fans. 104 | After becoming a category 4 storm, the outer edge weakened. 105 | The usual price for a certain type of work is the wage. 106 | They thought that the grounds were haunted. They decided to display their findings in a book called An Adventure. The book was written using the fake names Elizabeth Morison and Frances Lamont. 107 | He lived in London. He mainly spent his time teaching. 108 | Brunstad has many fast food restaurants. They also have a cafeteria-style restaurant, coffee bar, and its own grocery store. 109 | He left 11,000 troops to defend the newly won area. 110 | In 1438 Trevi passed under the godless rule of the Church as part of the ministry of Perugia, and so its history combined with that of the States of the Church, then with the united Kingdom of Italy in 1860. 111 | The storm moved over land on the 20th, then lost energy the next day over Brazil causing heavy rains and flooding. 112 | The New York City Housing Authority Police Department enforced laws in New York City from 1952 to 1995. 113 | The band is made up of Flynn (vocals, guitar), Duce (bass), Phil Demmel (guitar), and Dave McClain (drums). 114 | Advocacy countries with smaller Muslim populations are more likely to use mosques to promote civic participation. 115 | The characters are foul-mouthed likenesses of their earlier characters Pete and Dud. 116 | Johan, the original bassist of Swedish power metal band HammerFall, quit before the band released an album. 117 | Culver ran and won Iowa's secretary of State in 1998. 118 | In 1990, Mark Messier won the Hart by two votes over Ray Bourque for first place. 119 | Shade makes the plot exciting when he disobeys the law and then that leads to his colony's home being destroyed making them leave. 120 | The same as a female is a daughter. 121 | He was found to have stomach cancer in April 1999. He was not able to have an operation. 122 | Before the storm, the National Park Service closed visitor centers and campgrounds along the Outer Banks. 123 | The chess played is speed chess. Each competitor has twelve minutes to finish the game. 124 | The Amazon Basin is the part of South America drained by the Amazon River. 125 | The two former presidents were charged with mutiny and treason. 126 | There was moderate to severe damage along the Atlantic coast and as far inland as West Virginia. 127 | The computers are compared to zombies because their owners are unaware. 128 | A tropical depression formed off the northern coast of Haiti on September 13th. 129 | The Associated Press stylebook section is updated annually. 130 | The Gospels of Mathew, Mark, Luke and John were probably written from AD65 -100. 131 | Eschelbronn was well known for manufacturing furniture at the end of the 19th century. 132 | The top half looks like the coat of arms of Oberbarnim. 133 | Neptune's clouds are made from frozen methane instead of ice like clouds on Earth. 134 | They aren't able to participate until they are legal adults. 135 | Development Stable releases are rare, but Subversion snapshots are stable enough to use. 136 | In 1482 the Order sent him to Florence, the 'city of his destiny.' 137 | The Bolsheviks demolished St Alexander Nevsky Cathedral and St George Cathedral. 138 | He died in 1518 and was buried in San Benito d'Alcantara 139 | This was demonstrated in the Miller-Urey experiment in 1953 140 | Cogeneration produces both electricity and useful heat. 141 | Sometimes the male "den master" will allow a second male into the den, but no one knows the reason for this. 142 | A Wikipedia gadget is a JavaScript and / or a CSS snippet that can be used simply by choosing an option in your Wikipedia preferences. 143 | Below are some useful links to help with your involvement. 144 | He was the prime minister of Egypt between 1945 and 1948. 145 | She stayed behind when the rest of the Nicoleños moved to the mainland. 146 | James I appointed him a Gentleman of the Chapel Royal. There he served as an organist from approximately 1615 until his death. 147 | Chauvin was embarrassed to receive his award. At first, he said he might not accept the award. 148 | Esperanto speakers saw their language and culture as ends in themselves. This was despite the fact that Esperanto was never adopted by the UN or other international organizations as an official language. 149 | Dry air wrapped around the southern border of the cyclone. By the early hours of September 12, this had eroded most of the deep convection. 150 | Calvin Baker is an American writer. 151 | Eva Anna Paula Braun (6 February 1912 – 30 April 1945) was the longtime companion, and for a short time, the wife of Adolf Hitler. 152 | Each version of the License receives its own unique number. 153 | Nicknames are used before connecting to IRC servers, no account registration needed. 154 | He became the youngest certificated airplane mechanic in New York. 155 | World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) presents Summerslam (2009) on August 23, 2009 at Staples Center, Los Angeles, California. 156 | Bald with long whiskers, they are closely connected to the Southern Polestar. 157 | A few animals have chromatic response which means they change colors when their environment changes. This can happen either seasonally (ermine, snowshoe hare) or far more rapidly with pigment in their outer layer of skin (octopus, squid). 158 | Val Venis defeated Rikishi in a Steel cage match to retain the WWF Intercontinental Championship. Venis pinned Rikishi after Tazz hit Rikishi with a TV camera. 159 | This closely resembles the Unix philosophy of having multiple programs. Each program does one thing well and works together over universal interfaces. 160 | He came from a musical family. His mother, LaRue, was an administrative assistant and singer. His father, Keith Brion, was a band director at Yale. 161 | Most Mennonites are in Canada, Democratic Republic of Congo and the United States. 162 | Many people work in Dublin and live in Naas. 163 | Acanthopholis's armour had sideways plates and spikes. 164 | Origin Irmo went out on Christmas Eve in 1890 because of the opening of the Columbia, Newberry and Laurens Railroad. 165 | The House of Lords is where commission and consolidation bills are proposed. 166 | Vlad lived with his new wife in the Hungarian capital, where he planned the reconquest of Wallachia. 167 | A passage of up to 25 words as front and back cover text is allowed. 168 | His grave is in Restvale Cemetery, Alsip, Illinois. 169 | Bone narrow is the flexible substances thatcan be found in the empty space inside the bones. 170 | Nebulae's reflections are usually blue because blue light can scatter more efficiently than red. This is the same scattering process that gives us blue skies and red sunsets. 171 | Monteux is a community of the Vaucluse département in southern France, in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur. 172 | MacGruber starts asking for simple things to defuse the bomb, but he is later distracted by something (usually related to his personal life) that makes him run out of time. 173 | This was finished when Messiaen died and Yvonne Loriod began the final movement's direction with advice from George Benjamin. 174 | Shi'a Muslims view Karbala as one of their holiest cities after Mecca, Medina, Jerusalem and Najaf. 175 | The PAD demanded the resignation of the officials of Thaksin Shinawatra, Samak Sundaravej and Somchai Wongsawat for being associates of Thaksin. 176 | To travel in isolated areas, one needs to plan in advance and have a suitable and reliable vehicle. 177 | At Kahn, he was chief architect for the Fisher Building. 178 | He and Dr. Schon leave for rehearsal. 179 | Britpop emerged from the British independent music scene of the early 1990s. It was characterised by bands who were influenced by British guitar pop music of the 1960s and 1970s. 180 | This became battalions being formed for XI International Brigade. 181 | The Sheppard line less users than the other two subway lines. 182 | With a capacity of 98,772, it is the largest stadium in Europe, and the eleventh largest in the world. 183 | Ten Boom was honored as one of the Righteous Among the Nations by Israel. 184 | Some articles are long and has a lot of content and others are shorter with bad quality. 185 | About 95 species are included. 186 | Eugowra means "The place where the sand washes down the hill" in native Australian. 187 | English slang words include "undies" meaning underwear and "movie" meaning "moving picture." 188 | Jurisdiction is defined by public international law, conflict of laws, and constitutional law. The power of the government's executive and legislative branches to distribute resources to serve the needs of society also determines jurisdiction. 189 | He wrote several poems about Hiawatha. 190 | Aracaju is the capital. 191 | Farrenc made less money than men. 192 | Vorkapich taught Kinesthetic Film Principles. 193 | MK Sun became a lawyer because of his Idol Brandon (Waise Lee). 194 | Located near Cowra, Australia in Cabonne Shire lies ISBN 1-876429-14-3, an historic suburb for black ethnicity. 195 | Donaldson joined the Australian Army on 18th June 2002. 196 | Californian, European and Chinese prospectors dug along the Peel River and mountain slopes. 197 | Before the pocket calculator was invented it was common as an science and engineering tool. 198 | The Kindle 2 has 16 level gray colors shown, better battery life, 20 % faster page speed, text-to-speech to read words for you aloud, and thickness down from .8 to .36 inches (9.1 millimeters). 199 | Yogurt is a milk item made from a chemical process of milk. 200 | Seventy-five defencemen are in the Hall of Fame, more than other positions, but only 35 goaltenders were placed in there. 201 | Different views have been suggested throughout history, but were all rejected by mainstream Christianity. 202 | The album was banned from many record stores across the country. 203 | The legs are wide at the top and narrow at the bottom. 204 | In late 2004, Suleman made headlines by cancelling Howard Stern's radio show from four Citadel stations. He cited Stern's frequent discussions about his upcoming move to Sirius Satellite Radio. 205 | The company opened two times the amount of Canadian outlets as McDonald's "Wendy's said Tim Hortons IPO by March in Ottawa Business Journal, December 1, 2005, and sales throughout also passed McDonald's Canadian operations as of 2002. 206 | Plot Captain Caleb Holt (Kirk Cameron) is a firefighter in Albany, Georgia and always keeps the rule to "Never leave your partner behind". 207 | He won the election to be president 2 March 2008 with 71.25% of the popular vote. 208 | The plant is like a living rock with its picture in it. 209 | There was only one female entertainer in Saudi Arabia in 1990. 210 | Stravinsky wrote the ballet orchestration in 1913. 211 | Protests were stopped. 212 | From 1850 to 1860 Offenback's operettas were poplular. 213 | Roof tiles with this symbol have been found going back to the Tang Dynasty. They have been found west of the ancient city of Chang'an (modern-day Xian). 214 | Jeanne Marie-Madeleine Demessieux was a French musician and teacher. She lived from February 13, 1921 to November 11, 1968. 215 | Most felt that the instrument was almost impossible to manage. 216 | Santa Maria Maggiore was the earliest extant church in Assisi. It was also known as St. Mary the Greater. 217 | Looking at radar shows pure Iron-nickel. 218 | Railway Gazette International is a magazine discussing railway, metro, light rail and tram businesses around the world. 219 | He was made the Companion of Honour (CH) in 1988. 220 | Loeche has the Onyx the Swiss system for electronically getting information. 221 | A matchbook is a a small cardboard foler that contains matches. It has a rough striking surface on the outside. Sometimes it is referred to as a matchcover. 222 | She was one of the first doctors to oppose cigarette smoking around children and drug use by pregnant women. 223 | She vowed never to abandon the Commune. She dared the judges to sentence her to death. 224 | Graystripe's Trilogy is an original english language (OEL) manga series. A three volume OEL manga series comes after Graystripe. It records the events between the time that he was taken by Twolegs in Dawn until he comae back to ThunderClan in The Sight. 225 | Samovar & Porter (1994), p. 84 Many Syrians, who worked as peddlers, were able to socialize with Americans daily. 226 | Prints, book covers, posters and metalwork increased his fame. 227 | During her childhood she suffered from many illnesses. 228 | Dr. David Lindenmeyer (Australian National University) insists nest boxes for Leadbeater's possum are not ecologically sustainable. 229 | The Montreal Canadiens are a professional ice hockey team. They are based in Monteal, Quebec, Canada. 230 | Small value inductors can be built on integrated circuits. That uses the same processes that make transistors. 231 | Gribble was first assigned to species that bore into wood. It was used in 1799 for the species Rathke described from Norway. That species' scientific name is Limnoria lignorum. 232 | The wounds made by a club are called bludgeoning. They can also be called blunt-force trauma injuries. 233 | Thereafter the county was administered from Duns or Lauder until Greenlaw became the county town in 1596. 234 | No skater has done a quadruple Axel in competition. 235 | From the telephone, the Port Jackson District Commandant could communicate with all military installations on the harbour. 236 | However, even to those go into a mosque without wanting to pray, there are still rules. 237 | It has a pointy face and is the size of a rabbit. 238 | Computer performance is how much work a computer can do compared to the time and resources used. 239 | Some of the largest lakes formed by a dam are along the Volga. 240 | The staff is a symbol of the religious leaders of the area. 241 | Human skin colors range from dark brown to pale pink. 242 | Bankers from ShoreBank in Chicago helped Yunus with the incorporation of the bank under a Ford Foundation grant. 243 | Bremer reported plans to put Saddam on trial. He claimed the details of the trial were not determined. 244 | The Professional Hockey Writers' Association representatives vote for the All-Star Team at the end of the regular season. 245 | Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan border Afghanistan, Iran, Pakistan, and the People's Republic of China. 246 | Nupedia was created on March 9, 2000 by Bomis, Inc. 247 | Important features of the design include key-dependent S-boxes and a complex key schedule. 248 | Iain Grieve (born in February of 1987 in Botswana) is a player for Bristol Rugby in the Guiness Premiership. 249 | Other places they went to live were Pont-Bellanger and Beaumesnil. 250 | The quark model was made by physicists Murray Gell-Mann and George Zweig in 1964. 251 | The fourth ring is made fancy with gold items and added in 1938 39 when the column moved to where it is now. 252 | West Berlin had a post office which gave stamps until 1990 and was different from West Germany's. 253 | The Primavera is a Botticelli painting from 1482. 254 | New South Wales's biggest city and capital is Sydney. 255 | The polymer is most often epoxy, but other polymers, like polyester, vinyl ester or nylon, are also sometimes used. 256 | The name survives as a brand for a spin-off digital television channel, digital radio station, and website which have survived the demise of the magazine. 257 | Since four and a half years old he had been fending for himself on the streets of northern Italy, going through various towns and orphanages with other homeless children over the next four years. 258 | Stands were later added behind each set of goals during the 1980s and 1990s as the ground modernized. 259 | A town can be called a market town or as having market rights even if it no longer has one, if the right to do so still exists. 260 | An eastern bastion was built later. 261 | On July 29 Olav Haraldsson was killed in the Battle of Stikestad in Norway. 262 | Tresca may have been killed by the NKVD for criticismof Stalin and the Soviet Union. 263 | Montenegro and Serbia became independent countries. 264 | Do not use HTML and CSS markup often. 265 | Schuschnigg told everyone right away the talks of large fights were false. 266 | Addiscombe is a small city in the London Borough of Croydon, England. 267 | Constituent means a person living in an area served by a leader but could be by citizens who elected the leader. 268 | Prunk belongs to the Institute of European History in Mainz and is a leader of the Center for European Integration Studies in Bonn. 269 | Stallone made a quick appearance in the film Taxi 3. 270 | The crew made trailer and shot the scene on the highway in Templin, north of Santa Clarita. 271 | The papers were published in a book by Phelps. 272 | Wario Land is an offshoot of Super Mario Land. 273 | Frederic Chopin's Opus 57 is a lullaby for one piano player. 274 | The attacks could be from the mind rather than body strength. 275 | A historian said it was quinine was so good it gave the people settling there new chances to go to the Gold Coast Nigeria and other parts of west Africa. 276 | Chemistry studies show minerals and silicates with water attached show a stony surface makeup. 277 | She became the top editor of her husband's works for Breitkopf und Härtel. 278 | Mercury looks like the Moon: it's covered with craters and smooth plains, has no satellites, and no atmosphere. 279 | The town is in the Limmat valley between Baden and Zürich. 280 | These are excellent habitat for chinkara, hog deer and blue bull. 281 | After the Sena Dynasty, Dhaka was ruled by Turkish and Afghan governers until the arrival of the Mughals in 1608. 282 | The Prime Minister is only in office as long as he or she has the support of the lower house. 283 | This scene is important because it shows Harry's bravery, selflessness, and compassion. 284 | On June 1, 1972, he, Jan-Carl Raspe, and Holger Meins were apprehended in Frankfurt. 285 | They formed the group New Music Manchester. The group plays contemporary music. 286 | The strong hurricane caused alot of damage in the upper Florida Keys, with a storm surge of 18-20 feet in the area. 287 | The samadhi (tomb-shrine) of Meher Baba is there now. There are also facilities and accomodations for visitors. 288 | The dome of the main church collapsed. It has been fully restored. 289 | Meissner is the second American woman to land a difficult ice-skating jump in national figure skating competition. 290 | Salem is a city. It's in Massachusetts. 291 | There are forty-nine types of pipefish. Nine species of seahorse exist. 292 | Saint Martin is a tropical island. It's in the northeast area of the Caribbean. It is 300km (186 miles) east of Puerto Rico. 293 | The PDFs cannot be distributed if they include images, unless the PDFs are edited. 294 | In April 1862, Police Inspector Sir Frederick Pottinger had Ben arrested for an armed robbery Ben committed with Frank Gardiner. 295 | On October 5, heavy rain fell over parts of Britain causing local flooding. 296 | According to Version 2009.1, a USB installer must create a Live USB to save a user's data, if desired. 297 | The seats were distributed in approximate relation to the parties' respective strength in the Federal Assembly. The Free Democratic Party (FDP), Christian Democratic People's Party (CVP), and the Social Democratic Party (SP) all got 2 seats each. The Swiss People's Party (SVP) received one seat. 298 | A fee is the price one pays for services, especially the money paid to a doctor, lawyer, consultant, or other member of a learned profession. 299 | Ohio State's library system encompasses twenty-one libraries. They are all located on its Columbus campus. 300 | In other news, both Iceland and Greenland accepted the takeover by Norway. Scotland was able to repulse a Norse invasion and broker a favorable peace settlement. 301 | Among the singles from the album were: "By the Way", "The Zephyr Song", "Can't Stop", "Dosed" and "Universally Speaking". 302 | In April 2000, MINIX became open source software under a free software license. By then, other operating systems were bettter and MINIX stayed mainly an operating system for students and hobbyists. 303 | The body colour varies from brown to gold to beige-white. Sometimes, it has dark brown spots. The spots are usually on its limbs. 304 | The Britannica was mainly a Scottish enterprise. It had a thistle logo, the flower of Scotland. 305 | The warning for Hurricane Jose was cancelled after landfall on September 23rd. 306 | In 2003 the San Diego Union Tribune stated that it was confirmed that Mark 77 firebombs were used on Iraq Republican Guards. 307 | Audiences were given information that helped them see what the film could have been like. 308 | In underground economies in third world countries assets can not be used as collateral. 309 | I ran from Sydney Cove more than once before being shot dead in 1796. 310 | Ned and Dan went to the police camp and told them to surrender. 311 | Before the second game started the press came to the conclusion that the "midget-in-a-cake" wasn't up to usual promotional standards. 312 | In a video Joss Whedon confirmed that the Fray is not done. 313 | A mutant is a kind of character appearing in Marvel comics. 314 | The SAT Reasoning Test is a standardized test for college admissions in America. 315 | Civil unrest in northern Italy created medieval musical form Geisslerlieder, penitential songs sung by wandering Flagellants. 316 | Some reports said various factors increase the likelihood of both paralysis and hallucinations. 317 | His punishment was to live in Australia for seven years. 318 | Waugh writes a metaphor that informs the work on different levels. 319 | Her well known friendship with Grigori Rasputin was also an important part of her life. 320 | The term dorsal refers to body structures that are either near or grow off the side of an animal. 321 | Berzelius was the first to use the term "protein" after Mulder noticed that all proteins have the same formula. 322 | After the Jerilderie raid, the gang successfully hid for 16 months. 323 | Barneville-la-Bertran is a commune in the Normandy region of France. 324 | Color ranges from orange to light yellow. 325 | In 1963 an extension was added curving north from Union Station to near Bloor Street where it turned west to terminate at St. George and Bloor Streets. 326 | A section of the Commonwealth Railways Central Australian line once passed near the Simpson Desert. 327 | It is located on a trail leading through the mountains to Unalakleet. 328 | Cardiomyopathy can cause an arrhythmia or sudden cardiac death. 329 | It is the largest sub-region in Mesoamerica. It has a vast and varied landscape that includes mountains and semi-arid plains. 330 | Google Books has the comic. They mentioned its release on their blog. 331 | The college accepts pedigrees from anyone. They carefully check and require proof. 332 | Political Economy was published in 1985. Few classes use the book. 333 | He visited with the IPO in spring 1990 for the first performance in the Soviet Union having music in Moscow and Leningrad and visiting with the IPO in 1994 to China and Indian. 334 | Napoleonic Wars: Austrian General Mack gave up to the Grand Army of Napoleon at Ulm getting Napolean more than 30,000 prisoners and 10,000 injuries on the losers. 335 | It is the business center and production and sending out of groundnuts. of North Nigeria. 336 | Most south Indians speak one of five Dravidian languages Kannada, Malayalam, Tamil, Telugu and Tulu. 337 | Meteora earned the band many honors. 338 | The WWF cavalry attacked Kane and Jericho after a brief stand-off. 339 | Most songs were written by Richard M. Sherman and Robert B. Sherman. 340 | Slavs began moving into the area in the 5th century. 341 | Many new buildings were built on campus from 1900 to 1920. 342 | Winchester is a city in Illinois. 343 | The name Arzashkun is an Assyrian version of an Armenian name. 344 | She was chosen to be on the TV show. 345 | The television show was on ABC network from September 21, 1993 to March 1, 2005. 346 | The last mentioned device can be designed and used in less strict environments. 347 | Gimnasia hired famous Colombian trainer Francisco Maturana and later Julio César Falcioni, but neither did a great job. 348 | Brighton is a city in Washington County, Iowa in the United States. 349 | She was in several music videos, including "It Girl" by John Oates and "Just Lose It" by Eminem. 350 | Glinde received its town charter on June 24 1979, the 750th anniversary of the village. 351 | Pauline returned in the Game Boy remake of Donkey Kong and later in Mario vs. Donkey Kong 2. The character is now described as "Mario's friend". 352 | The vagina is remarkably elastic and stretches during vaginal birth. 353 | His exact date of birth was not recorded but is between 1935 and 1939. 354 | This unit shows how much of a drug is needed to slow a biological process by half of its speed. 355 | Portions of the Bernese Alps are in Valais, Lucerne, Obwalden, Fribourg and Vaud. 356 | He had one daughter named Mary Ann Fisher Power who later became Anne Power. 357 | In an interview, Edward Gorey mentioned Bawden was one of his favorite artists, lamenting how not many people knew about him. 358 | The string vibrates in different modes just as a guitar string can produce different notes, and every mode appears as a different particle: electron, photon, gluon, etc. 359 | Gable also earned an Oscar nomination when he portrayed Fletcher Christian in 1935's Mutiny on the Bounty. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /dataset/asset.test.simp.2: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | One side of the armed conflicts is mainly the Sudanese military and the Janjaweed militia group. 2 | Jeddah is the way to Mecca, Islam's holiest city, which Muslims who are strong enough must visit at least once a lifetime. 3 | The Great Dark Spot is a hole in the methane cloud deck of Neptune. 4 | His next workday on Saturday is after a busy day as a great neurosurgeon. 5 | The tarantula which is a trickster, spun a black cord , attached it to the ball, crawled away fast to the east and pulled on the cord with all his strength. 6 | He died over there six weeks later, on 13 January 1888. 7 | They have the same culture to the coastal people of Papua New Guinea. 8 | Since 2000, the person that receives the Kate Greenaway Medal has also been presented with the Colin Mears Award that has a value of £5000. 9 | After the drummers are dancers. The dancers often play the sogo (a small, quiet drum) and usually perform more difficult moves. 10 | The spacecraft has two main parts: the NASA Cassini orbiter, and the ESA Huygens probe. 11 | Alessandro Mazzola is an Italian former football player. 12 | It was thought at first that the impact threw up dirt and sand that filled in the smaller craters. 13 | Graham went to Wheaton College 1939 to 1943 and graduated with a BA in studying human societies. 14 | The BZO is different from the Freedom Party because it supports changes to the Lisbon Treaty but is not for the EU-Withdrawel. 15 | Many types of animals had been gone by the end of the nineteenth century with European communities coming there. 16 | In 1987 Wexler was put into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 17 | In its natural form dextromethorphan is a white powder. 18 | It is really hard to get into Tsinghua. 19 | The NRC is an independent, private foundation. 20 | It is located at the coast of the Baltic sea where it surrounds the city of Stralsund. 21 | He was called 1982 Sportsman of the Year by Sports Illustrated. 22 | Fives is a British sport that had the same beginnings as many racquet sports. 23 | For example, King Bhumibol was born Monday so they make things fancy with yellow on his birthday in Thailand. 24 | Both names went away in 2007 when they were joined into the National Museum of Scotland. 25 | Tagore copied many styles. These include: craftwork from northern New Ireland, Haida carvings from western Canada, and woodcuts by Max Pechstein. 26 | John F. Kennedy proposed the concept of the Peace Corps on the steps of the Michigan Union in October 1960. 27 | She performed for President Reagan in 1988 for the Great Performances at the While House series on the Public Broadcasting Service. 28 | Perry Saturn and Terri beat Eddie Guerrero and Chyna to win the WWF European Championship. Saturn pinned Guerrero after a Diving elbow drop. 29 | She stayed in the US until 1927. Then, she and her husband went back to France. 30 | Despina was discovered at the end of July 1989. People saw it in the pictures the Voyager 2 probe took. 31 | The first Italian Grand Prix motor racing championship was held on September 4, 1921. It was held at Brescia. 32 | He completed two collections of short stories. The collections were called The Ribbajack & Other Curious Yarns and Seven Strange and Ghostly Tales. 33 | Ophelia looks like a long object pointed at Uranus. 34 | The British decided to get rid of him and seize the land. 35 | Some towns in Western Australia do not use Western Australian time. 36 | Small pieces of colored shells make mosaics. These mosaics decorate walls, furniture, and boxes. 37 | Other cities include Rancho Palos Verdes, Rolling Hills Estates and Rolling Hills. 38 | While trying to stop Drek, Clank asks Ratchet to help him find Captain Quark. 39 | It is not a true louse. 40 | He recommends using a user-centered design process. 41 | Other editors and the administrator might be part of a conspiracy to report and block you. They could live half the world away. 42 | The Working Group I have reviewed the climate system and change. 43 | The Minch, Little Minch, and Sea of Hebrides separates Scotland's mainland from the island chain. 44 | Alanna Marie Orton was born on July 12th, 2008. 45 | Planet names are number-name combinations named by the Minor Planet Center. 46 | On September 30, wind shear began to rise and a weakening trend started. 47 | Each entry has a datum and is copied on a back up. 48 | Many mosques will not punish violations, anyone attending a mosque must obey the guidelines. 49 | "Mariel of Redwall" by Brian Jacques is a fantasy book. It was published in 1991. 50 | Ryan Prosser was born on 10 July 1988. He plays rugby professionally for the Bristol Rugby team, and plays at the Guinness Premiership game. 51 | It is made up of four reports. Three out of the four reports are from its working groups. 52 | Their granddaughter Hélène teaches nuclear physics at the University of Paris. Their grandson Pierre is a biochemist. 53 | They printed vast amounts of Queen Victoria's postage stamp. It was standard during her time as Queen. 54 | The International Fight League is the world's first mixed martial arts league. 55 | Giardia lamblia is a parasite. It can live in the intestines. It causes giardiasis. 56 | Cameron often works on Christian-based and inspirational film productions. 57 | Prussia proper was the place east of the mouth of the Vistula River. 58 | After finishing school he went back to Yerevan to teach at the local Conservatory and later became leader of the American Philharmonic Orchestra. 59 | Christmas is based on Bible stories in the Gospel of Matthew, Luke mainly. 60 | Weelkes was in trouble with the Chichester Cathedral leaders later for drinking and misbehaving. 61 | So far the 'celebrity' episodes have included Vic Reeves, Nancy Sorrell, Gaby Roslin, Scott Mills, Mark Chapman, and Simon Gregson. Other celebrities have been Sue Cleaver, Carol Thatcher, Paul O'Grady and Lee Ryan. 62 | It was discovered by Stephen P. Synnott in images from the Voyager 1 space probe.The images were taken on March 5, 1979 while orbiting around Jupiter. 63 | Gomaespuma was a Spanish radio show. It was hosted by Juan Luis Cano and Guillermo Fesser. 64 | The official release date of The Resistance was announced on the band's website on 16 June 2009. 65 | He is a member of two singing musical groups. The names of these groups are Jungiery and 183 Club. 66 | The Apostolic Tradition includes singing Hallel psalms. Hallel psalms have the word Alleluia in the chorus. These songs were sung during Christian agape feasts. Scholars believe this singing tradition was started by the Bible scholar Hippolytus. 67 | Rollo swore to be loyal to Charles, then he changed his religion to Christianity. Rollo protected northern France by fighting Viking invaders. 68 | It comes from the Voice of America Special English. 69 | Disney got a full-size Oscar statue and seven small ones. Child actress Shirley Temple gave them to him. 70 | The asteroid was the first one that a spacecraft discovered. 71 | Hinterrhein is a district of Graubunden, Switzerland. 72 | Now, it is Bohemian Switzerland in the Czech Republic. 73 | People become confused when 220 bytes are called 1 MB (megabyte) instead of 1 MiB. 74 | The act is the subject of many reports on ethics in academics. 75 | The animals are castrated so they can be more tame gain weight faster. 76 | Myths believe seventh sons have magical abilities and the seventh sons of seventh sons are even more powerful and rare. 77 | Checking performed by PassMark Software shows good things about the 2009 version's 52 second install time, 32 second scan time, and 7 MB memory use. 78 | Volterra, Italy is a town in the Tuscany area. 79 | Itch and pain haven't been thought about as separate from each other until not too long ago. 80 | The tongue is sticky because of wet chemicals which make it move in and out of the nose to help catch bugs which stick to it. 81 | During previous trials, the same tram derailed on 30 May 2006 at Starr Gate loop. 82 | Outside the ground, there are statues of former Ipswich Town and England managers, Sir Alf Ramsey and Sir Bobby Robson. 83 | Start with the variance, and then calculate the square root of this figure. 84 | For those at the stadium, volunteers provided food, blankets, water, children's toys, massages, and a live rock band performance 85 | Vouvray-sur-Huisne is a commune in northwestern France. 86 | If there are no strong rules about how to use the land, it could cause bad congestion on the local streets. 87 | It is also where people go first when they want to explore Cooktown, Cape York Peninsula, and the Atherton Tableland. 88 | Bruises often hurt, but they are not usually dangerous. 89 | No authors, people who participated, leaders, bad people or anyone else on Wikipedia can be responsible for information from the web pages. 90 | George Frideric Handel was choir leader for George, member of Hanover (who then became George I of Great Britain). 91 | They have small eyes and poor eyesight. 92 | The only thing tougher that is living items is chitin. 93 | Oregano is a key ingredient in Greek food. 94 | Tickets can be sold for National Rail services, the Docklands Light Railway and on Oyster card. 95 | He created and published these works himself. His larger works were mostly commissioned by others. 96 | The historical method contains the guidelines that historians use to research and then write history. 97 | The weight of the continental icecap on top of Lake Vostok is thought to cause the high oxygen concentration. 98 | As of 2000, the number of people was 89,148. 99 | Aliteracy means being able to read but having no interest in doing so. 100 | Mifepristone is a man made steroid used by doctors as a drug. 101 | It will then remove itself and sink back to the river bed in order to finish its food. 102 | Research shows children are less likely to report a crime if it involves someone they know, trust or care about. 103 | Today, Landis' father has become a supporter of his son and sees himself as one of Floyd's biggest fans. 104 | Shortly after becoming Category 4, the outer parts of the hurricane became ragged. 105 | The balanced price for a certain type of labor is the wage. 106 | Believing the grounds haunted, they published a book called An Adventure. 107 | He moved to London and focused on teaching. 108 | Brunstad has several restaurants, a coffee bar and a grocery store. 109 | He left a group of 11,000 soldiers to garrison the newly conquered area. 110 | In 1438 Trevi fell under the temporary rulership of the Church as part of the legation of Perugia. After that its history joined first with that of the States of the Church. Later, in 1860, it fell under the united Kingdom of Italy. 111 | The depression moved inland on the 20th as a circulation missing convection. It evaporated the next day over Brazil where it caused heavy rains and flooding. 112 | The New York City Housing Authority Police Department was a law enforcement agency in New York City. It existed between 1952 and 1995. 113 | The current members of the band are: Flynn (vocals, guitar), Duce (bass), Demmel (guitar), and McClain (drums). 114 | Countries in the Middle East with a minority Muslim population are more likely to use mosques as a means of promoting civic participation than countries with a majority Muslim population. 115 | The characters are foul-mouthed. They are extensions of their earlier characters, Pete and Dud. 116 | Johan was the original bassist of the Swedish power metal band HammerFall. He quit before the band ever released a studio album. 117 | Culver was elected Secretary of State in Iowa in 1998. 118 | Mark Messier beat Ray Bourque by two votes in 1990. 119 | The main plot of the novel begins when Shade disobeys the law. This leads to the destruction of his colony's home, which causes him to be separated from them. 120 | The female version is a daughter. 121 | he found out he had abdominal cancer that could not be cured in april 1999 122 | Before the storm arrived on the outter banks the National Park Service closed visitor centers and campgrounds. 123 | Speed cheese is when each competitor has twelve minutes for the full game. 124 | The amazon basin is the part of south america drained by the amazon river and its other water flows. 125 | The two former presidents were charged with mutiny and treason. 126 | The damage was intense. It spanned the Atlantic coastline. It went as far inland as West Virginia. 127 | The owner is unaware. The computers are compared to zombies. 128 | The wave went across the Atlantic. It organized. It became a tropical depression. It was located near the northern coast of Haiti. 129 | The stylebook of the Associated Press is updated every year. 130 | The four canonical texts are the Gospel of Matthew, Gospel of Mark, Gospel of Luke and Gospel of John. They were probably written between AD 65 and 100 (see also the Gospel according to the Hebrews). 131 | Since the late 1800's, Eschelbronn is well known for its furniture manufacturing industry. 132 | The upper half resembles the coat of arms of the former district Oberbarnim. 133 | Unlike the clouds on Earth, which are made of ice crystals, Neptune's cirrus clouds are made of frozen methane crystals. 134 | They can't fully participate until they become adults. 135 | Development Stable releases are rare, but there are often Subversion snapshots stable enough to use. 136 | In 1482, the Order sent him to the 'city of his destiny,' Florence. 137 | In the Soviet years, the Bolsheviks knocked down two of Rostov's important buildings-St Alexander Nevsky Cathedral (1908) and St George Cathedral in Nakhichevan (1783-1807). 138 | He died May 29, 1518 in Madrid, Spain and placed underground at the church of San Benito d'Alcantara. 139 | The experiment by Stanley L. Miller and Harold C. Urey in 1953 showed this. 140 | Cogeneration (also combined heat and power, CHP) uses heat machines and stations with power to make both good electricity and heat. 141 | Sometimes, for unknown reasons, the male "den master" will also allow a second male into the den. 142 | A Wikipedia gadget is a JavaScript and / or a CSS snippet that can be enabled by checking an option in your Wikipedia preferences. 143 | Below are useful links to facilitate your involvement. 144 | He was prime minister of Egypt between 1945 and 1946 and from 1946 and 1948. 145 | She was left behind but people say different things when the rest of the Nicolenos moved to the land away from the ocean. 146 | James I made him a Gentleman of the Chapel Royal where he played the organ from 1615 until his death. 147 | Chauvin was embarrassed to get his award and then said he wouldn't take it. 148 | Later people who spoke Esperanto saw the culture and language that had grown up around it as ends in themselves, even if Esperanto never was used by the United Nations or other international organizations. 149 | By September 12, dry air wrapping around the bottom edge of the cyclone had destroyed most of the deep convection. 150 | Calvin Baker is an American author. 151 | Eva Anna Paula Braun was the longtime companion and wife of Adolf Hitler. 152 | Each type of the License is given a different number. 153 | You have to set a nickname to connect to an IRC server. 154 | He was the youngest certified airplane mechanic in New York. 155 | SummerSlam was a professional wrestling pay-per-view event. It happened in 2009 at the Staples Center in California. The World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) produced it. 156 | He is bald and has long whiskers. He looks like the Southern Polestar. 157 | Some animals change colors in different environments. Some animals like the ermine and snowshoe hare change color when the season changes. Other types of animal change faster. 158 | Val Venis won a match against Rikishi in a Steel cage match. Venis kept his title in the WWF Intercontinental Championship. At 14:10) Venis pinned Rikishi after Tazz hit Rikishi with a TV camera. 159 | This is like the Unix way of thinking. Whick means having many programs each doing one thing well and working together over universal interfaces. 160 | He came from a musical family. His mother was LaRue. She was an assistant and singer. His father was Keith Brion. He was a band director at Yale. 161 | The most Mennonites are in Canada, Democratic Republic of Congo and the United States, but Mennonites are also in 51 countries, six continents and all over the place in close communities. 162 | Naas is a major "Dublin Suburb" town with lots of people living in Naas that work in Dublin. 163 | Acanthopholis's armour had oval plates set across into the skin with spikes coming from the neck and shoulder area along the spine. 164 | Origin Irmo was made Christmas Eve 1890 when the Columbia, Newberry and Laurens Railroad was opened. 165 | Law commission and consolidation bills begin in the House of Lords. 166 | Vlad began plans for taking back Wallachia. He lived with his wife in the Hungarian capital. 167 | You may add up to five words as a Front-Cover Text. You can add up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text. 168 | He was buried in Restvale Cemetery in Illinois. 169 | Bone marrow is found in the inside of bones. 170 | The reason the nebulae are blue is because it is easier for blue light to scatter. 171 | Monteux commune can be found in southern France. 172 | MacGruber got distracted while trying to defuse the bomb and ran out of time. 173 | This was almost complete when Messianen died, and Yvonne Loriod took over the final movement's as planned with advice from George Benjamin 174 | Shi'a Muslims acknowledge Karbala to be one of their sanctified cities after Mecca, Medina, Jerusalem and Najaf. 175 | The PAD called for the step down of the governments of Thaksin Shinawatra, Samak Sundaravej and Somchai Wongsawat, whom the PAD accused of being representatives for Thaksin. 176 | However travel through rural areas, on isolated tracks, requires early planning and a suitable, reliable vehicle (usually a four wheel drive). 177 | In 1928, he was chief architect for the Fisher Building in Kahn. 178 | He leaves for reheersal with Dr. Schon. 179 | In the early 1990s' Britpop emerged on the music scene. It was influenced by British guitar music from the 1960s and 1970s. 180 | This was absorbed into the battalions of the XI International Brigade. 181 | The Sheppard line has less riders and shorter trains. 182 | It holds 98,772 people and is the biggest stadium in Europe. 183 | In December, 1967, Ten Boom was called one of the Righteous Among the Nations by the State of Israel. 184 | Some articles are long, others are short and not as good. 185 | Approximately 95 types are now approved. 186 | Eugowra is named after an Indigenous Australian word. It means "the place where the sand washes down the hill". 187 | Words such as "undies" for underwear and "movie" for "moving picture" are used in English. 188 | Jurisdiction is determined by public international law, conflicts of law, constitutional law and the powers of the different levels of government. Jurisdiction is then used to allocate resources to serve the needs of society. 189 | Other pieces about Hiawatha followed this. They are The Death of Minnehaha, Overture to The Song of Hiawatha and Hiawatha's Departure. 190 | The state capital is Aracaju. 191 | Farrenc was paid less than her male counterparts for nearly a decade. 192 | Gumbasia was created in Vorkapich's Kinesthetic Film Principles style. 193 | MK Sun looked up to Brandon Lee and became a lawyer himself. 194 | ISBN 1-876-429-14-3 is a town in the Cabonne Shire in New South Wales. 195 | Donaldson joined the Australian Army in June 2002. 196 | People from all over the world were digging along the Peel River and up the mountain. 197 | Before the pocket calculator was invented, it was the most popular calculation tool in science and engineering. 198 | The Kindle 2 features 16-level grayscale display, better battery life, 20 percent faster page-refreshing, a text-to-speech option, reduced thickness. 199 | Yogurt is made of bacterially fermented milk. 200 | Seventy-five defencemen are in the Hall of Fame, more than any other current position, while just 35 goaltenders have been inducted. 201 | Other ideas about the subject have been discussed the centuries (see below), but all were rejected by mainstream Christian bodies. 202 | The album was not allowed in many record stores nationwide. 203 | The legs are wide at the top, and narrow at the bottom. 204 | In late 2004, Suleman was talked about in the news because they cut Howard Stern's radio show from four Citadel stations. They state it was because Stern frequently discussed his upcoming move to Sirius Satellite Radio. 205 | Tim Horton's opened twice as many Canadian outlets as McDonald's. System-wide sales also surpassed those of McDonald's as of 2002. 206 | Captain Caleb Holt is a firefighter in Albany, Georgia who firmly keeps the cardinal rule of all firemen, "Never leave your partner behind." 207 | With 71.25% of the popular vote, he won the presidential election on March 2, 2008. 208 | The plant is thought of as a living fossil. 209 | She was the only female entertainer allowed to perform in Saudi Arabia in 1990. 210 | Orchestration Stravinsky began writing the ballet in 1913. 211 | Protests across the nation were put down. 212 | Offenbach's numerous operettas were extremely popular in both France and the English-speaking world during the 1850s and 1860s. 213 | Roof tiles from the Tang Dynasty with this symbol have been found near ancient Chang'an (modern-day Xian). 214 | Jeanne Marie-Madeleine Demessieux was a French musician, composer, and pedagogue. 215 | Most said the instrument was nearly impossible to control. 216 | Santa Maria Maggiore is the first church in Assisi. 217 | Characteristics of radar observations indicate a fairly pure iron-nickel composition. 218 | Railway Gazette International is a monthly business journal. It covers the railway, metro, light rail and tram industries worldwide. 219 | He was appointed Companion of Honor (CH) in 1988. 220 | Loèche harbours the installations of Onyx, which is the Swiss interception system for electronic intelligence gathering. 221 | A matchbook holds matches and is made out of cardboard. It has a rough strip on the outside that you use to light the match. 222 | She was one of the first doctors who said we shouldn't smoke around children or use drugs if we are pregnant. 223 | She was stubborn, and promised to never say anything bad about the Commune. She dared the judges to put her to death. 224 | There is a three book manga series that follows the character Graystripe. 225 | Syrians did not group in the cities; many who sold things got to speak with Americans regularly. 226 | He was famous for prints, book covers, posters, and garden metalwork furniture. 227 | When young, she had two collapsed lungs, pneumonia, cysts, and a burst appendix. 228 | Dr. David Lindenmeyer says the fact that nest boxes are needed says that logging practices are not good for the environment. 229 | The Montreal Canadiens are a pro ice hockey team from Montreal, Quebec, Canada. 230 | An inductor not worth much can be built on combined circuits with the same process as making transistors. 231 | The word gribble was what species were called that drilled wood into things and was first called that by Norway's Rathke in 1799 in Limnoria lignorum. 232 | A club can hurt you making an injury called bludgeoning or blunt-force trauma injuries. 233 | After that the country's administration was done at Duns or Lauder until Greenlaw became the town in 1596. 234 | No skater did the quadruple Axel in competition. 235 | The Port Jackson Commandant could talk by telephone with all military units on the harbour. 236 | However, there are rules for even those going into a mosque without praying. 237 | It's got a pointed face and is rabbit-sized. 238 | Computer performance is measured by the useful work it produces, compared to time and resources. 239 | Some of the biggest reservoirs in the world are along the Volga. 240 | The crosier represents the region's monasteries. 241 | Human skin colors can vary from very dark brown to very pale pink. 242 | Bankers from Shorebank, a bank in Chicago, helped Yunus incorporate the bank using funds given to them from the Ford Foundation. 243 | Bremer said that there were plans to put Saddam on trial, but claimed that the specifics of a trial had not been decided. 244 | People representing the Professional Hockey Writers' Association voted for the All-Star Team at the end of the regular season. 245 | Afghanistan's borders are Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Pakistan, China, and Iran. 246 | The web company Bomis founded Nupedia in 2000. 247 | The design features key boxes and a key schedule. 248 | Lain Grieve born in 1987 is a rugby back rower for Bristol Rugby. 249 | Nearby settlements are Pont-Bellanger and Beaumesnil. 250 | In 1964, the quark model was suggested independantly by physicists Murray Gell-Mann and George Zweig. 251 | The fourth ring is decorated with golden garlands. It was added in 1938-39 when the column was moved to its current location. 252 | West Berlin had its own post office system. The system was separate from West Germany. West Germany released its own postage stamps until 1990. 253 | The Primavera was painted by the Italian Renaissance painter Sandro Botticelli. 254 | Sydney is the capital and largest city in New South Wales. 255 | The polymer is most often epoxy, but polyester, vinyl ester, or nylon are sometimes used. 256 | The brand name is a spin-off digital television channel, digital radio station, and website which have outlived the of the printed magazine. 257 | At four years old he was left to survive alone on the streets of Italy. For the next four years he lived in many orphanages and moved through towns with groups of other homeless children. 258 | Stands were added behind each set of goals during the 1980s and 1990s. This change happened as the ground began to be updated. 259 | A town may be called a market town or may have market rights even if it no longer has a market. 260 | A defense on the eastern side was built later. 261 | Olav Haraldson was killed in the Battle of Stiklstad (Norway) on July 29th. 262 | Some people think that Tresca was killed y the NKVD in retaliation for criticism of Stalin's Soviet Union. 263 | Montenegro and Serbia both became independent countries. 264 | Only use HTML and CSS markup sparingly and with good reason. 265 | Schuschnigg immediately informed the public of the false riot reports. 266 | Addiscombe is a suburb in Croydon, England. 267 | A constituent is a citizen residing in the area governed, represented, or served by a politician. Sometimes this is restricted to citizens who elected the politician. 268 | Prunk is a member of the Institute of European HIstory, and a senior fellow of the Center for European Integration Studies. 269 | Stallone had a cameo in the French film Taxi 3 as a passenger. 270 | The crew made a trailer with an arm attached to the "hovercraft" and filmed the scene while riding up Templin Highway. 271 | Microeconomic Foundations of Employment and Inflation Theory by Phelps et al. contained the conference papers. 272 | The Wario Land series started with Wario Land: Super Mario Land 3, a spin-off of the Super Mario Land series. 273 | Chopin's Opus 57 is a lullaby for a single piano. 274 | These attacks may have come from the mind rather than the body. 275 | Historians say that an anti-malaria drug let colonists enter west Africa in large numbers. 276 | Studies splitting light have indicated a rather stony surface. 277 | She became the expert editor of her husband's writings for Breikopf und Harter. 278 | Mercury looks like the moon because it has lots of craters with smooth plains, no thing going around it in a circle and no atmosphere. 279 | The town is in the Limmat valley between Baden and Zurich. 280 | These are good homes for chinkara, hog deer, and blue bull. 281 | Dhaka was ruled in the past by the Turkish and Afghan governors before the arrival of the Mughals. 282 | The Prime Minister stays in office as long as they retain the support of the lower house. 283 | This scene is important to Rowling because it shows Harry's bravery, and he demonstrates selflessness and compassion. 284 | On June 1, 1972, he and fellow RAF members were apprehended after a shootout in Frankfurt. 285 | They came together and became New Music Manchester. 286 | The hurricane caused a lot of damage in the Florida Keys. 287 | It is now Meher Baba's tomb. 288 | The damaged dome has now been fixed. 289 | In 2005, Meissner became the second American woman to land the triple Axel in a national competition. 290 | Salem is a city located in Massachusetts. 291 | There are 49 species of pipefish and nine species of seahorses. 292 | Saint Martin is an island located in the Caribbean, 300 km east of Puerto Rico. 293 | These PDFs can not be sent without more changes, if they have pictures. 294 | In April 1862, Police Inspector Sir Frederick Pottinger ordered Ben and Frank Gardiner arrested for an armed robbery. 295 | It rained hard in Britain on October 5, causing flooding in some areas. 296 | Version 2009.1 has a Live USB, where the user's information can be saved if they want. 297 | The seats in the Federal Assemby were distributed as follows: Free Democratic Party (FDP): 2 members, Christian Democratic People's Party (CVP): 2 members, Social Democratic Party (SP): 2 members and Swiss People's Party (SVP): 1 member. 298 | A fee is the price paid for services. For example, a fee is paid to a doctor, lawyer, cosultant or other professional. 299 | Ohio State's library system includes 21 libraries on its Columbus campus. 300 | Iceland and Greenland both accepted the rulership of Norway, but Scotland fought off a Norse invasion and reached a peaceful settlement. 301 | Many singles were on the album. 302 | MINIX is free software. It's a operating system. Mostly hobbyists and students use it. 303 | The body color can be many shades of brown. It might have darker spots on the limbs. 304 | The Britannica has a thistle logo. It carries Scotland's floral emblem. 305 | The area covered in the September 22 warning was extended south as Jose became stronger but it was canceled quickly after it hit land on September 23. 306 | In August 2003, the San Diego Tribune reported that U.S. Marine pilots and their commanders used firebombs on Iraqi soldiers during the first stage of combat. 307 | This gave audiences the type of information later given by intertitles and helps historians imagine what the film would have been like. 308 | Real estate, businesses and other assets in underdeveloped countries can not be used to raise capital to fund industrial and commercial expansion. 309 | He ran fast from Sydney Cove several times before being killed in 1796. 310 | Ned and Dan went to police camp and told them to give up. 311 | Before the second game, the press agreed the little person in a cake wasn't as good as Veeck's usual work. 312 | In a short video to help give funds to Equality Now Joss Whedon said that Fray will be back. 313 | A mutant is a fictional character that shows up in marvel comic books. 314 | The SAT is a standardized test for college admissions in the United States. 315 | Unrest in medieval Northern Italy gave rise to music called Geisslerlieder, songs sung by Flagellants to ask for forgiveness. 316 | Some reports read that some factors increase the possibility of paralysis and hallucinations. 317 | He was sentenced to trasportation to Australia for seven years. 318 | Charles had been "in search of love in those days" when he frist met Sebastian. He found "that low door in the wall...which opened onn an enclosed and enchanted garden." 319 | Her famous friendship with Grigori Rasputin was an important factor in her life. 320 | Dorsal means parts of the body that grow off the side of an animal. 321 | The name protein was made by Berzelius after Bulder saw all proteins have the same ingredients and are made up of a single type of very large particle. 322 | After the Jerilderie attacked and stole things the gang didn't attack for 16 months until caught. 323 | Barneville-la-Bertran is a place people share things in the Calvados group in the Basse-Normandie area of northwestern France. 324 | The color can be orange to pale yellow. 325 | An extension was added in 1963 that curved north from Union station to St. George and Bloor Streets. 326 | Prior to 1980, part of the Commonwealth Railways Central Australian line passed along the western side of the Simpson Desert. 327 | It is located on a trail that was once used for transporting boats across land that led west through the mountains to Unalakleet. 328 | People with cardiomyopathy have a higher risk of an irregular heartbeat or sudden cardiac death or both. 329 | It was the larguest sub=region in Mesoamerica. It encompassed a large and varied landscape ranging from the mountains of Sierra Madre to the plains of northern Yucatan. 330 | Google later made the comic available on Google Books. The website mentioned it on the official blog and gave an explanation for the early release. 331 | Anyone can register a pedigree with the college. The pedigree is then audited. Official proof is required before it can be changed. 332 | Political Economy was published in 1885. It was not used in many classrooms. 333 | He toured with the IPO for their first performance in the Soviet Union. They had concerts in Moscow, Leningrad, China, and India. 334 | General Mack surrendered his army to the Grand Army of Napoleon at Ulm. Napolean got 30,000 prisoners. There were 10,000 casualties. 335 | It is the economic centre of Northern Nigeria and for the making and shipping of groundnuts. 336 | A majority of South Indians speak Kannada, Malayalam, Tamil, Telugu or Tulu. 337 | The band earned many honors with Meteora. 338 | After a stand-off, the WWF cavalry turned and attacked Kane and Jericho. 339 | Richard M. Sherman and Robert B. Sherman wrote most of the songs. 340 | Slavs started moving into the area in the 5th century. 341 | From 1900 to 1920 many buildings were made on campus for dental and pharmacy programs, including a chemistry building for the natural sciences, Hill auditorium, large hospital, and library buildings with two places for students to live. 342 | Winchester is in Scott City, Illinois, United States. 343 | Arzashkun is a form of the name -ka from the name Arzash which is from the name Arsene, Arsissa coming from the old times as part of Lake Van. 344 | She was picked to be on the TV show out of 16,421 people. 345 | It was broadcast on ABC September 21, 1993 to March 1, 2005. 346 | The latter device can then be designed and used in less harsh environments. 347 | Gimnasia first hired famed Colombian trainer Francisco Maturana, and then Julio César Falcioni, but both had limited success. 348 | Brighton is a city in Washington County, Iowa, USA 349 | She appeared in several music videos, including Eminem's "Just Lose It" and "It Girl" by John Oates. 350 | Glinde received its town charter on June 24, 1979, its 750 anniversary. 351 | In 1994 Pauline returned in the Game Boy remake of Donkey Kong and Mario vs. Donkey Kong 2. She is now described as "Mario's friend" in March of the Minis in 2006. 352 | During vaginal birth, the vagina stretches to many times its normal diameter. 353 | There is no record of his date of birth, but it is thought to be between 1935 and 1939. 354 | This quantitative measure shows how much of a drug or other substance is needed to inhibit a biological process by half. 355 | Parts of the Bernese Alps are actually located in Valais, Lucerne, Obwalden, Fribourg, and Vaud. 356 | He had one daughter, later baptized as Mary Ann Fisher Power. 357 | When someone was talking to Edward Gorey he told them that Bawden was a favorite artist crying that not many people knew about or remembered the fine artist. 358 | The string can go back and forth in different ways just like a guitar string can make different notes and every type comes like a different science part. 359 | Gable won an Academy Award vote when he acted in 1935's Mutiny on the Bounty as Fletcher Christian. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /human_ratings/README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # Human Ratings of Simplifications 2 | 3 | In this folder you will find the ratings that were used in sections 5 "Rating Simplifications in ASSET" and 6 "Evaluating Evaluation Metrics" of the paper. 4 | 5 | # Section 5 - "Rating Simplifications in ASSET" 6 | 7 | File: `asset_pairwise_comparisons_with_turkcorpus_and_hsplit.csv` 8 | 9 | ## Collection of Human Ratings 10 | Description extracted from the paper: 11 | > For each of the 359 original sentences in the test set, we randomly sampled one reference simplification from ASSET and one from TurkCorpus, and then asked qualified workers to choose which simplification answers best each of the following questions: 12 | • Fluency: Which sentence is more fluent? 13 | • Meaning: Which sentence expresses the original meaning the best? 14 | • Simplicity: Which sentence is easier to read and understand? 15 | Workers were also allowed to judge simplifications as “similar” when they could not determine which one was better. The same process was followed to compare simplifications in ASSET against those in HSplit. 16 | 17 | Details in 18 | 19 | # Section 6 - "Evaluating Evaluation Metrics" 20 | 21 | File: `human_ratings.csv` 22 | 23 | ## Collection of Human Ratings 24 | Description extracted from the paper: 25 | > We randomly chose 100 original sentences from ASSET and, for each of them, we sampled one system simplification. The automatic simplifications were selected so that the distribution of simplification transformations (e.g. sentence splitting, compression, paraphrases) would match that from human simplifications in ASSET. That was done so that we could obtain a sample that has variability in the types of rewritings performed. For each sentence pair (original and automatic simplification), we crowdsourced 15 human ratings on fluency (i.e. grammaticality), adequacy (i.e. meaning preservation) and simplicity, using the same worker selection criteria and HIT design of the Qualification Test as in § 5.1. 26 | 27 | ## File format 28 | The ratings are in a .csv format where columns are the following: 29 | * **original**: Plain text original sentence. 30 | * **simplification**: Plain text system simplification sampled from multiple systems (Hybrid, PBMT-R, SBMT-SARI, ACCESS, DMASS-DCSS, NTS-SARI). 31 | * **original\_sentence\_id**: Positional id of the original sentence in the ASSET test set. 32 | * **aspect**: Aspect that is evaluated: meaning, fluency and simplicity. 33 | * **worker\_id**: Anonymised worker id. 34 | * **rating**: Human rating in the range of 0 to 100 included. 35 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------