├── .gitignore
├── .vscode
    ├── launch.json
    └── settings.json
├── LICENSE
├── README.md
├── conftest.py
├── makefile
├── pytest.ini
├── requirements-dev.txt
├── requirements-prod.txt
├── src
    ├── index.py
    ├── model
    │   ├── News.py
    │   └── Price.py
    ├── scripts
    │   ├── bitcoin_news.py
    │   └── bitcoin_price.py
    └── services
    │   ├── fetch.py
    │   ├── s3.py
    │   └── time.py
├── template.json
└── tests
    ├── fixtures
        ├── documents
        │   ├── bitcoin_news.json
        │   └── bitcoin_price.json
        ├── news
        │   ├── bbc.txt
        │   ├── coindesk.txt
        │   ├── ft.txt
        │   ├── wsj.txt
        │   └── yahoo.txt
        ├── prices
        │   ├── blockchain.json
        │   ├── coingecko.json
        │   └── gemini.json
        └── utils.py
    └── integration
        └── test_main.py


/.gitignore:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | venv
2 | .vscode/.ropeproject
3 | *.pyc
4 | .pytest_cache
5 | dist
6 | dist.zip


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/.vscode/launch.json:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | {
 2 |     // Use IntelliSense to learn about possible attributes.
 3 |     // Hover to view descriptions of existing attributes.
 4 |     // For more information, visit: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=830387
 5 |     "version": "0.2.0",
 6 |     "configurations": [
 7 |         {
 8 |             "name": "Python: Module",
 9 |             "type": "python",
10 |             "request": "launch",
11 |             "module": "pytest"
12 |         }
13 |     ]
14 | }


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/.vscode/settings.json:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | {
2 |   "python.pythonPath": "venv/bin/python3",
3 |   "files.exclude": {
4 |     "**/__pycache__": true,
5 |     ".pytest_cache": true
6 |   }
7 | }
8 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/LICENSE:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | MIT License
 2 | 
 3 | Copyright (c) George Bennett <github@geeogi>
 4 | 
 5 | Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
 6 | of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
 7 | in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
 8 | to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
 9 | copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
10 | furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
11 | 
12 | The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
13 | copies or substantial portions of the Software.
14 | 
15 | THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
16 | IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
17 | FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
18 | AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
19 | LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
20 | OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
21 | SOFTWARE.


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/README.md:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  1 | # High-performance AWS lambda with async Python 
  2 | 
  3 | _A template for building a Python function in AWS lambda using asyncio, aiohttp and aiobotocore. A good fit for a data processing pipeline._ 
  4 | 
  5 | ## Features
  6 | 
  7 | - Asynchronous Python with fast and cheap execution time
  8 | - Runs in AWS lambda serverless environment λ 
  9 | - Integration tests with HTTP and AWS mocks
 10 | - CloudFormation template for AWS infrastructure deployment 
 11 | - Step-by-step guide to setup, install, test and deploy 
 12 | 
 13 | ## Overview
 14 | 
 15 | This template demonstrates how to build and test a lambda function which runs HTTP requests and AWS actions concurrently to achieve fast and cheap execution. The [src/](./src) directory contains two example scripts which scrape bitcoin news from online sources and publish aggregated documents to S3. The output of the scripts is simple but they demonstrate a pattern for concurrent Python using [asyncio](https://docs.python.org/3/library/asyncio.html), [aiohttp](https://docs.aiohttp.org/en/stable/) and [aiobotocore](https://github.com/aio-libs/aiobotocore). You can see an example of the documents produced by this lambda in the test [fixtures](./tests/fixtures/documents).
 16 | 
 17 | ## Should I use this template?
 18 | 
 19 | This template is a good fit for a service that makes many HTTP requests or performs many AWS actions (e.g. S3, DynamoDB) such as a data scraping service or an aggregating service that needs to fetch or update many documents at a time. This template offers a quick-start with production ready and tested code. [Learn more](#qa).
 20 | 
 21 | ## Setup
 22 | 
 23 | Clone this repository and install [Python 3.8+](https://www.python.org/downloads/). Then, create an isolated Python environment at the root of the project using virtualenv:
 24 | 
 25 | ```
 26 | python3 -m venv venv
 27 | ```
 28 | 
 29 | Activate the virtual environment:
 30 | 
 31 | ```
 32 | source venv/bin/activate
 33 | ```
 34 | 
 35 | You'll also need to configure your IDE to use the virtual environment (this should be auto configured in VS Code by the [.vscode/settings.json](.vscode/settings.json) file).
 36 | 
 37 | ## Install
 38 | 
 39 | Install the Python modules required for development:
 40 | 
 41 | ```
 42 | pip -r install requirements-dev.txt
 43 | pip -r install requirements-prod.txt
 44 | ```
 45 | 
 46 | The Python modules will be installed inside a local `site-packages` directory maintained by the virtual environment. This will help to keep the project isolated from other Python projects on your machine.
 47 | 
 48 | ## Develop
 49 | 
 50 | Keep the existing scripts, update them or add additional scripts – it's up to you.
 51 | 
 52 | ## Run the tests
 53 | 
 54 | This project uses `pytest` to run a suite of integration tests which are designed to run as much application code as possible while mocking the external HTTP and AWS calls. The tests use [aioresponses](https://github.com/pnuckowski/aioresponses) to mock async HTTP requests and [unittest.mock](https://docs.python.org/3/library/unittest.mock.html) to patch the aiobotocore module. Run the tests:
 55 | 
 56 | ```
 57 | pytest
 58 | ```
 59 | 
 60 | You can run the debugger in VS Code by setting a breakpoint and running the `Python: Module` launch configuration.
 61 | 
 62 | ## Infrastructure
 63 | 
 64 | To provision the lambda and S3 infrastructure on AWS you'll need to visit the CloudFormation service in the AWS console and upload the stack template declared in [template.json](template.json). This will create a lambda component and S3 bucket with appropriate IAM policies.
 65 | 
 66 | > The lambda will be configured to run Python 3.7 since it's not yet possible to deploy Python 3.8+ via CloudFormation using the ZipFile property. If you need Python 3.8+ you can update your lambda through the AWS console after it's been created or reconfigure the lambda's Runtime and Code properties in the CloudFormation template. 
 67 | 
 68 | ## Build and deploy
 69 | 
 70 | To deploy the source code to the lambda component you'll need to zip the contents of the `src/` directory and include any 3rd party Python modules required in production. Run:
 71 | 
 72 | ```
 73 | make package
 74 | ```
 75 | 
 76 | This will make a fresh install of the production requirements into a `dist/` directory and will copy in the contents of the `src/` directory. The `dist/` directory is zipped to produce `dist.zip` which can be deployed to the lambda component via upload in the AWS console.
 77 | 
 78 | > For a smaller deployment package you could configure a [lambda layer with aiobotocore installed](https://github.com/keithrozario/Klayers/blob/master/deployments/python3.8/arns/eu-west-1.csv). The aiobotocore and aiohttp dependencies can then be removed from `requirements-prod.txt`.
 79 | 
 80 | ## Error handling 
 81 | 
 82 | The main lambda handler in [src/index.py](src/index.py) demonstrates how to run any number of scripts concurrently while handling exceptions. If an exception occurs within an individual script then a global exception will be raised only after all other scripts have completed and a detailed traceback is logged for debugging purposes.
 83 | 
 84 | ## Invoke the lambda
 85 | 
 86 | The simplest way to invoke a lambda function is by creating and [firing a test event using the AWS console](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/lambda/latest/dg/getting-started-create-function.html#get-started-invoke-manually). You can also, for example, configure [CloudWatch Events](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonCloudWatch/latest/events/RunLambdaSchedule.html) to trigger your lambda on a schedule (e.g. every 5 mins) or configure [API Gateway](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/lambda/latest/dg/services-apigateway.html) to trigger it by HTTP request. 
 87 | 
 88 | ## Q&A
 89 | 
 90 | #### Why use Asyncio? 
 91 | 
 92 | Asyncio can speed up the execution time of a script by performing I/O concurrently. While a synchronous Python script will perform I/O tasks (e.g. network requests) one by one, a Python script written with asyncio can handle multiple I/O tasks at a time which can have a significant benefit when many I/O tasks are performed. We could use multithreading to achieve a similar effect. Instead, this template uses asyncio with explicit async/await syntax. 
 93 | 
 94 | If your service doesn't perform many I/O tasks then there likely won't be any benefit from using asyncio. 
 95 | 
 96 | #### Why use AWS lambda?
 97 | 
 98 | AWS lambda is a software environment that lets you run code without having to provision or manage your own server. To develop a lambda you only need to implement a function (the handler) to be called when the lambda is invoked. Lambdas are connected to the AWS ecosystem and can be configured to run on a schedule or be triggered by HTTP request or by another AWS event such as SNS message or S3 upload. Lambda comes with an interface for monitoring performance and editing the function code on the fly. With AWS lambda you only pay for the execution time you consume so if your code is fast and efficient then it can be cheaper to run than a traditional server instance. 
 99 | 
100 | AWS lambda components can suffer from cold start times (~300ms with Python) so if your service needs very fast response times then you may require a dedicated server instance instead.
101 | 
102 | ## Credit
103 | 
104 | This template is based on production services built for [covidlive.co.uk](https://www.covidlive.co.uk) by [@lfalcomerdawson](https://twitter.com/lfalcomerdawson) and [@geeogi](https://twitter.com/geeogi).
105 | 
106 | ## Questions / Contributing / Bugs
107 | 
108 | Issues welcome. Thanks. 
109 | 
110 | ## License
111 | 
112 | MIT


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/conftest.py:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | import os
 2 | import sys
 3 | 
 4 | """
 5 | The src directory is included in PATH when the Python interpreter is invoked by src/handler.py
 6 | However it's not included when the interpreter is invoked by PyTest, so we append it manually
 7 | """
 8 | sys.path.append(f"{sys.path[0]}/src")
 9 | 
10 | """
11 | Mock AWS credentials during tests
12 | """
13 | os.environ["AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID"] = "MOCK_ID"
14 | os.environ["AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY"] = "MOCK_KEY"
15 | os.environ["AWS_DEFAULT_REGION"] = "eu-west-1"
16 | os.environ["BUCKET_NAME"] = "mock-bucket-name"
17 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/makefile:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | clean:
 2 | 	find . -type f -name '*.py[co]' -delete -o -type d -name __pycache__ -delete
 3 | 	rm -rf dist
 4 | 	rm dist.zip
 5 | 
 6 | verify:
 7 | 	pytest	
 8 | 
 9 | package:
10 | 	cp -r src/ dist/
11 | 	pip install -r requirements-prod.txt -t dist
12 | 	(cd dist && zip -r ../dist.zip .)
13 | 
14 | all:
15 | 	make clean verify package	


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/pytest.ini:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | [pytest]
2 | filterwarnings =
3 |     ignore::DeprecationWarning


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/requirements-dev.txt:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | aioresponses
2 | autopep8
3 | pytest


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/requirements-prod.txt:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | aiobotocore
2 | aiohttp


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/src/index.py:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | import asyncio
 2 | import traceback
 3 | 
 4 | import aiobotocore
 5 | import aiohttp
 6 | 
 7 | from scripts.bitcoin_news import bitcoin_news
 8 | from scripts.bitcoin_price import bitcoin_price
 9 | 
10 | 
11 | async def main():
12 |     async with aiobotocore.get_session().create_client('s3', region_name='eu-west-2') as s3_client:
13 |         async with aiohttp.ClientSession() as session:
14 |             coroutines = [
15 |                 bitcoin_price(session, s3_client),
16 |                 bitcoin_news(session, s3_client),
17 |             ]
18 |             results = await asyncio.gather(*coroutines, return_exceptions=True)
19 | 
20 |     err = None
21 |     for result, coro in zip(results, coroutines):
22 |         if isinstance(result, Exception):
23 |             err = result
24 |             print(f"{coro.__name__} failed:")
25 |             traceback.print_exception(type(err), err, err.__traceback__)
26 | 
27 |     if err:
28 |         raise RuntimeError("One or more scripts failed.")
29 | 
30 | 
31 | def handler(event, context):
32 |     asyncio.run(main())
33 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/src/model/News.py:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | from dataclasses import dataclass
2 | 
3 | @dataclass(frozen=True)
4 | class News:
5 |     source: str
6 |     is_featured: bool


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/src/model/Price.py:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | from dataclasses import dataclass
2 | 
3 | @dataclass(frozen=True)
4 | class Price:
5 |     source: str
6 |     price: int


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/src/scripts/bitcoin_news.py:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | import asyncio
 2 | from dataclasses import asdict
 3 | 
 4 | from model.News import News
 5 | from services.fetch import fetch_text
 6 | from services.s3 import write_to_s3
 7 | from services.time import current_time
 8 | 
 9 | 
10 | async def bitcoin_news(session, s3_client):
11 |     bbc, wsj, ft, yahoo, coindesk = await asyncio.gather(
12 |         fetch_text(session, "https://www.bbc.co.uk/news"),
13 |         fetch_text(session, "https://www.wsj.com/"),
14 |         fetch_text(session, "https://www.ft.com/"),
15 |         fetch_text(session, "https://uk.finance.yahoo.com/"),
16 |         fetch_text(session, "https://www.coindesk.com/")
17 |     )
18 | 
19 |     news_sources = [
20 |         News(
21 |             source="bbc",
22 |             is_featured='bitcoin' in bbc
23 |         ),
24 |         News(
25 |             source="wsj",
26 |             is_featured='bitcoin' in wsj
27 |         ),
28 |         News(
29 |             source="ft",
30 |             is_featured='bitcoin' in ft
31 |         ),
32 |         News(
33 |             source="yahoo",
34 |             is_featured='bitcoin' in yahoo
35 |         ),
36 |         News(
37 |             source="coindesk",
38 |             is_featured='bitcoin' in coindesk
39 |         )
40 |     ]
41 | 
42 |     news_document = {
43 |         'last_updated': current_time(),
44 |         'news': [asdict(news_source) for news_source in news_sources]
45 |     }
46 | 
47 |     await write_to_s3(news_document, 'bitcoin_news', client=s3_client)
48 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/src/scripts/bitcoin_price.py:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | import asyncio
 2 | from dataclasses import asdict
 3 | 
 4 | from model.Price import Price
 5 | from services.fetch import fetch_json
 6 | from services.s3 import write_to_s3
 7 | from services.time import current_time
 8 | 
 9 | 
10 | async def bitcoin_price(session, s3_client):
11 |     coingecko, gemini,  blockchain = await asyncio.gather(
12 |         fetch_json(session, "https://api.coingecko.com/api/v3/exchange_rates"),
13 |         fetch_json(session, "https://api.gemini.com/v1/pubticker/btcusd"),
14 |         fetch_json(session, "https://api.blockchain.info/stats")
15 |     )
16 | 
17 |     prices = [
18 |         Price(
19 |             source="coingecko",
20 |             price=coingecko["rates"]["usd"]["value"]
21 |         ),
22 |         Price(
23 |             source="gemini",
24 |             price=float(gemini["last"])
25 |         ),
26 |         Price(
27 |             source="blockchain",
28 |             price=blockchain["market_price_usd"]
29 |         )
30 |     ]
31 | 
32 |     prices_document = {
33 |         'last_updated': current_time(),
34 |         'prices': [asdict(price) for price in prices]
35 |     }
36 | 
37 |     await write_to_s3(prices_document, 'bitcoin_price', client=s3_client)
38 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/src/services/fetch.py:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | async def fetch_json(session, url):
2 |     async with session.get(url) as response:
3 |         return await response.json()
4 | 
5 | async def fetch_text(session, url):
6 |     async with session.get(url) as response:
7 |         return await response.text()
8 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/src/services/s3.py:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | import json
 2 | import os
 3 | 
 4 | S3_BUCKET = os.environ["BUCKET_NAME"]
 5 | 
 6 | 
 7 | async def write_to_s3(new_file: dict, file_name: str, client) -> None:
 8 |     key = f"{file_name}.json"
 9 | 
10 |     await client.put_object(
11 |         Bucket=S3_BUCKET,
12 |         Key=key,
13 |         Body=json.dumps(new_file),
14 |         ContentType="application/json",
15 |         ContentDisposition="inline"
16 |     )
17 | 
18 |     print(f"{file_name} written.")
19 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/src/services/time.py:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | import datetime
2 | 
3 | def current_time():
4 |     return datetime.datetime.now().isoformat()


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/template.json:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | {
 2 |   "AWSTemplateFormatVersion": "2010-09-09",
 3 |   "Resources": {
 4 |     "DocumentBucket": {
 5 |       "Type": "AWS::S3::Bucket",
 6 |       "DeletionPolicy": "Delete"
 7 |     },
 8 |     "DataScraperRole": {
 9 |       "Type": "AWS::IAM::Role",
10 |       "Properties": {
11 |         "AssumeRolePolicyDocument": {
12 |           "Statement": [
13 |             {
14 |               "Effect": "Allow",
15 |               "Principal": {
16 |                 "Service": ["lambda.amazonaws.com"]
17 |               },
18 |               "Action": ["sts:AssumeRole"]
19 |             }
20 |           ]
21 |         },
22 |         "Policies": [
23 |           {
24 |             "PolicyName": "DataScraperRolePolicy",
25 |             "PolicyDocument": {
26 |               "Statement": [
27 |                 {
28 |                   "Effect": "Allow",
29 |                   "Action": "s3:*",
30 |                   "Resource": {
31 |                     "Fn::Join": ["", ["arn:aws:s3:::", { "Ref": "DocumentBucket" }, "/*"]]
32 |                   }
33 |                 },
34 |                 {
35 |                   "Effect": "Allow",
36 |                   "Action": ["logs:CreateLogGroup", "logs:CreateLogStream", "logs:PutLogEvents"],
37 |                   "Resource": "*"
38 |                 }
39 |               ]
40 |             }
41 |           }
42 |         ]
43 |       }
44 |     },
45 |     "DataScraper": {
46 |       "Type": "AWS::Lambda::Function",
47 |       "Properties": {
48 |         "Handler": "index.handler",
49 |         "Code": {
50 |           "ZipFile": { "Fn::Join": ["\n", ["def handler(event, context):", "pass"]] }
51 |         },
52 |         "Environment": {
53 |           "Variables": { "BUCKET_NAME": { "Ref": "DocumentBucket" } }
54 |         },
55 |         "Runtime": "python3.7",
56 |         "Timeout": 5,
57 |         "MemorySize": 512,
58 |         "Role": {
59 |           "Fn::GetAtt": ["DataScraperRole", "Arn"]
60 |         }
61 |       }
62 |     }
63 |   }
64 | }
65 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/tests/fixtures/documents/bitcoin_news.json:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | {
 2 |   "last_updated": "2020-01-01T00:00:00.000",
 3 |   "news": [
 4 |     {
 5 |       "source": "bbc",
 6 |       "is_featured": false
 7 |     },
 8 |     {
 9 |       "source": "wsj",
10 |       "is_featured": false
11 |     },
12 |     {
13 |       "source": "ft",
14 |       "is_featured": false
15 |     },
16 |     {
17 |       "source": "yahoo",
18 |       "is_featured": true
19 |     },
20 |     {
21 |       "source": "coindesk",
22 |       "is_featured": true
23 |     }
24 |   ]
25 | }
26 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/tests/fixtures/documents/bitcoin_price.json:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | {
 2 |   "last_updated": "2020-01-01T00:00:00.000",
 3 |   "prices": [
 4 |     {
 5 |       "source": "coingecko",
 6 |       "price": 9592.789
 7 |     },
 8 |     {
 9 |       "source": "gemini",
10 |       "price": 9588.67
11 |     },
12 |     {
13 |       "source": "blockchain",
14 |       "price": 9481.0
15 |     }
16 |   ]
17 | }
18 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/tests/fixtures/news/ft.txt:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  1 | <!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-GB" class="no-js core o-typography--loading-sans o-typography--loading-sans-bold o-typography--loading-display o-typography--loading-display-bold" data-o-component="o-typography" style="overflow-x:hidden;background-color:#fff1e5;color:#33302e"><head><meta charSet="utf-8"/><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"/><title>Financial Times</title><meta name="description" content="News, analysis and comment from the Financial Times, the world&#x27;s leading global business publication"/><meta name="robots" content="index,follow,max-snippet:200,max-image-preview:large"/><meta name="google-site-verification" content="4-t8sFaPvpO5FH_Gnw1dkM28CQepjzo8UjjAkdDflTw"/><script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"WebSite","name":"Financial Times","alternateName":"FT.com","url":"http://www.ft.com"}</script><meta property="fb:pages" content="8860325749"/><meta property="twitter:site" content="@FinancialTimes"/><link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="https://www.ft.com/__origami/service/image/v2/images/raw/ftlogo-v1%3Abrand-ft-logo-square-coloured?source=update-logos&amp;width=32&amp;height=32&amp;format=png" sizes="32x32"/><link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="https://www.ft.com/__origami/service/image/v2/images/raw/ftlogo-v1%3Abrand-ft-logo-square-coloured?source=update-logos&amp;width=194&amp;height=194&amp;format=png" sizes="194x194"/><link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://www.ft.com/__origami/service/image/v2/images/raw/ftlogo-v1%3Abrand-ft-logo-square-coloured?source=update-logos&amp;width=180&amp;height=180&amp;format=png" sizes="180x180"/><link rel="manifest" href="https://www.ft.com/__assets/creatives/manifest/manifest-v6.json"/><link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" href="https://www.ft.com/?format=rss"/><link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" 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197 | 		</div>
198 | 		<div class="o-teaser-collection__item--stretched" data-o-grid-colspan="12 S6">
199 | 					<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--hero o-teaser--centre o-teaser--stretched o-teaser--has-image js-teaser" data-id="42022bf3-2912-4bf2-900a-25dcfda776c3"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><span class="o-teaser__tag-prefix">Analysis</span><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/brexit" aria-label="Category: Brexit">Brexit</a></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/42022bf3-2912-4bf2-900a-25dcfda776c3" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">Brexit: Why hopes are rising that EU and UK could find compromise</a></div></div><div class="o-teaser__image-container js-teaser-image-container"><div class="o-teaser__image-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:56.2500%;"><a href="/content/42022bf3-2912-4bf2-900a-25dcfda776c3" data-trackable="image-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"><img class="o-teaser__image" src="https://www.ft.com/__origami/service/image/v2/images/raw/https%3A%2F%2Fd1e00ek4ebabms.cloudfront.net%2Fproduction%2F2df35afe-23ee-4f4e-9f73-e7a54540f5db.jpg?source=next&amp;fit=scale-down&amp;compression=best&amp;width=340" alt=""/></a></div></div></div>
200 | 		</div>
201 | 	</div>
202 | </section>
203 | 				<div class="o-grid-row o-teaser-collection top-stories__freeform-row js-track-scroll-event" data-trackable="freeform-row">
204 | 
205 | 	<div data-o-grid-colspan="12 M3">
206 | 				<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--small o-teaser--stacked o-teaser--has-image o-teaser--live js-teaser" data-id="a761b829-377f-3225-9773-754065843a3d"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/coronavirus" aria-label="Category: Coronavirus pandemic">Coronavirus pandemic</a></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/a761b829-377f-3225-9773-754065843a3d" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">Coronavirus latest: Gilead to trial inhaler version of Covid treatment</a></div><div class="o-teaser__timestamp o-teaser__timestamp--live"><span class="o-teaser__timestamp-prefix">Live</span></div></div><div class="o-teaser__image-container js-teaser-image-container"><div class="o-teaser__image-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:56.2500%;"><a href="/content/a761b829-377f-3225-9773-754065843a3d" data-trackable="image-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"><img class="o-teaser__image" src="https://www.ft.com/__origami/service/image/v2/images/raw/http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.ft.com%2Fthe-world%2Ffiles%2F2020%2F06%2Fredesivir-lab_2048x1152.jpg?source=next&amp;fit=scale-down&amp;compression=best&amp;width=240" alt=""/></a></div></div></div>
207 | 	</div>
208 | 	<div data-o-grid-colspan="12 M3">
209 | 				<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--small o-teaser--stacked o-teaser--has-image js-teaser" data-id="2581fda5-8c89-46b5-9acf-ba8a88d74d88"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><span class="o-teaser__tag-prefix">FT Investigations</span><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/content/bb22e179-cf1b-42d8-8d55-969bb177013c" aria-label="Category: Inside Wirecard">Inside Wirecard</a></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/2581fda5-8c89-46b5-9acf-ba8a88d74d88" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">Wirecard fights for survival as it admits scale of fraud</a></div><p class="o-teaser__standfirst"><a href="/content/2581fda5-8c89-46b5-9acf-ba8a88d74d88" data-trackable="standfirst-link" tabindex="-1" class="js-teaser-standfirst-link">Police open probe and regulator says affair is ‘a shame’ for Germany as payments group withdraws previous results </a></p><div class="o-teaser__timestamp o-teaser__timestamp--"><time class="o-teaser__timestamp-date o-date" data-o-component="o-date" data-o-date-format="time-ago-limit-4-hours" datetime="2020-06-22T17:11:28+0000">3 hours ago</time></div></div><div class="o-teaser__image-container js-teaser-image-container"><div class="o-teaser__image-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:56.2500%;"><a href="/content/2581fda5-8c89-46b5-9acf-ba8a88d74d88" data-trackable="image-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"><img class="o-teaser__image" src="https://www.ft.com/__origami/service/image/v2/images/raw/https%3A%2F%2Fd1e00ek4ebabms.cloudfront.net%2Fproduction%2F348946ba-d246-426e-8cc4-9728a240d9d7.jpg?source=next&amp;fit=scale-down&amp;compression=best&amp;width=240" alt=""/></a></div></div></div>
210 | 	</div>
211 | 	<div data-o-grid-colspan="12 M3">
212 | 				<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--small o-teaser--stacked o-teaser--has-image js-teaser" data-id="46ecc003-758c-45ab-9b2e-2f7b89e0df62"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/stream/8446d595-51fd-49ed-85a8-60fd77e1130c" aria-label="Category: US immigration">US immigration</a></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/46ecc003-758c-45ab-9b2e-2f7b89e0df62" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">Trump extends and expands US immigration restrictions</a></div><p class="o-teaser__standfirst"><a href="/content/46ecc003-758c-45ab-9b2e-2f7b89e0df62" data-trackable="standfirst-link" tabindex="-1" class="js-teaser-standfirst-link">President says move to curtail visas for foreign workers will help protect American jobs</a></p><div class="o-teaser__timestamp o-teaser__timestamp--new"><span class="o-teaser__timestamp-prefix">new  </span><time class="o-teaser__timestamp-date o-date" data-o-component="o-date" data-o-date-format="time-ago-limit-4-hours" datetime="2020-06-22T19:57:37+0000"></time></div></div><div class="o-teaser__image-container js-teaser-image-container"><div class="o-teaser__image-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:56.2500%;"><a href="/content/46ecc003-758c-45ab-9b2e-2f7b89e0df62" data-trackable="image-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"><img class="o-teaser__image" src="https://www.ft.com/__origami/service/image/v2/images/raw/https%3A%2F%2Fd1e00ek4ebabms.cloudfront.net%2Fproduction%2F65e166f1-66a2-4d1a-8741-3b7c9dd1d0ac.jpg?source=next&amp;fit=scale-down&amp;compression=best&amp;width=240" alt=""/></a></div></div></div>
213 | 	</div>
214 | 	<div data-o-grid-colspan="12 M3">
215 | 				<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--small o-teaser--stacked o-teaser--has-image js-teaser" data-id="9bab57e0-eb4e-4171-8d08-efe8ba4f2da6"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/stream/9e69a8e6-c42b-4374-8e32-12f1052ae5ef" aria-label="Category: Financial Conduct Authority UK">Financial Conduct Authority UK</a></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/9bab57e0-eb4e-4171-8d08-efe8ba4f2da6" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">LSE’s Nikhil Rathi to become FCA’s new chief</a></div><p class="o-teaser__standfirst"><a href="/content/9bab57e0-eb4e-4171-8d08-efe8ba4f2da6" data-trackable="standfirst-link" tabindex="-1" class="js-teaser-standfirst-link">Former civil servant beats frontrunner Woolard to top job at UK’s financial regulator</a></p></div><div class="o-teaser__image-container js-teaser-image-container"><div class="o-teaser__image-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:56.2500%;"><a href="/content/9bab57e0-eb4e-4171-8d08-efe8ba4f2da6" data-trackable="image-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"><img class="o-teaser__image" src="https://www.ft.com/__origami/service/image/v2/images/raw/https%3A%2F%2Fd1e00ek4ebabms.cloudfront.net%2Fproduction%2Fd65fea5d-68cb-4ba6-9b1a-9d3afcc7ed5e.jpg?source=next&amp;fit=scale-down&amp;compression=best&amp;width=240" alt=""/></a></div></div></div>
216 | 	</div>
217 | 
218 | </div>
219 | 
220 | <div class="o-ads o-ads--center top-stories-advert" tabindex="-1" role="presentation" data-o-ads-name="o-ads-slot-4261" data-o-ads-targeting="pos=top;" data-o-ads-center="true" data-o-ads-formats-default="Responsive,MediumRectangle" data-o-ads-formats-small="Responsive,MediumRectangle" data-o-ads-formats-medium="false" data-o-ads-formats-large="false" data-o-ads-formats-extra="false" data-sticky-ad="true" aria-hidden="true"></div>
221 | 
222 | <div class="o-teaser-collection o-teaser-collection--mid-slice top-stories__hero-slice-2 js-track-scroll-event" data-trackable="hero-slice-2">
223 | 	<div class="o-grid-row">
224 | 
225 | 		<div data-o-grid-colspan="12 L6" class="o-teaser-collection__item--stretched">
226 | 				<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--hero o-teaser--centre o-teaser--stretched o-teaser--has-image o-teaser--opinion js-teaser" data-id="e09c6f83-d591-4c65-a02c-d3863034fdb3"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/robert-shrimsley" aria-label="Category: Robert Shrimsley">Robert Shrimsley</a></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/e09c6f83-d591-4c65-a02c-d3863034fdb3" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">Boris Johnson cannot hide incompetence with culture wars  </a></div><div class="o-teaser__timestamp o-teaser__timestamp--"><time class="o-teaser__timestamp-date o-date" data-o-component="o-date" data-o-date-format="time-ago-limit-4-hours" datetime="2020-06-22T17:02:40+0000">3 hours ago</time></div></div><div class="o-teaser__image-container js-teaser-image-container"><div class="o-teaser__image-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:56.2094%;"><a href="/content/e09c6f83-d591-4c65-a02c-d3863034fdb3" data-trackable="image-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"><img class="o-teaser__image" src="https://www.ft.com/__origami/service/image/v2/images/raw/https%3A%2F%2Fd1e00ek4ebabms.cloudfront.net%2Fproduction%2F8c57806a-db67-45ec-9d3d-391922c894a9.jpg?source=next&amp;fit=scale-down&amp;compression=best&amp;width=340" alt=""/></a></div></div></div>
227 | 		</div>
228 | 
229 | 			<div data-o-grid-colspan="12 M6 L3" class="o-teaser-collection__item--stretched">
230 | 					<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--hero o-teaser--stretched js-teaser" data-id="efbab8c2-13be-4f61-8d3c-8b0dd67c3790"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/stream/9e69a8e6-c42b-4374-8e32-12f1052ae5ef" aria-label="Category: Financial Conduct Authority UK">Financial Conduct Authority UK</a></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/efbab8c2-13be-4f61-8d3c-8b0dd67c3790" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">Four challenges facing new FCA boss Nikhil Rathi</a></div><p class="o-teaser__standfirst"><a href="/content/efbab8c2-13be-4f61-8d3c-8b0dd67c3790" data-trackable="standfirst-link" tabindex="-1" class="js-teaser-standfirst-link">As well as impact of Covid-19, issues around Brexit, financial technology and consumer protection are filling in-tray </a></p><div class="o-teaser__timestamp o-teaser__timestamp--"><time class="o-teaser__timestamp-date o-date" data-o-component="o-date" data-o-date-format="time-ago-limit-4-hours" datetime="2020-06-22T18:09:31+0000">2 hours ago</time></div></div></div>
231 | 			</div>
232 | 			<div data-o-grid-colspan="12 M6 L3" class="o-teaser-collection__item--stretched">
233 | 					<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--hero o-teaser--stretched js-teaser" data-id="58a44783-8db3-4d88-9a5f-03693c1761ba"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><span class="o-teaser__tag-prefix">Analysis</span><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/coronavirus-economic-impact" aria-label="Category: Coronavirus economic impact">Coronavirus economic impact</a></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/58a44783-8db3-4d88-9a5f-03693c1761ba" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">Summer brings hope and fear to Britain’s beaches and seaside towns</a></div><p class="o-teaser__standfirst"><a href="/content/58a44783-8db3-4d88-9a5f-03693c1761ba" data-trackable="standfirst-link" tabindex="-1" class="js-teaser-standfirst-link">Resorts torn between need to reopen to save businesses and fear of coronavirus outbreaks</a></p></div></div>
234 | 			</div>
235 | 	</div>
236 | </div>
237 | 
238 | <div class="o-ads mid-page-advert advert o-ads--transition o-ads--center" tabindex="-1" role="presentation" data-o-ads-name="mid" data-o-ads-targeting="pos=mid;" data-o-ads-center="true" data-o-ads-formats-default="Responsive,MediumRectangle" data-o-ads-formats-small="Responsive,MediumRectangle" data-o-ads-formats-medium="Leaderboard,Responsive" data-o-ads-formats-large="SuperLeaderboard,Leaderboard,Billboard,Responsive" data-o-ads-formats-extra="SuperLeaderboard,Leaderboard,Billboard,Responsive" data-sticky-ad="true" aria-hidden="true"></div>
239 | 
240 | <div class="top-stories__freeform-twocolumns o-teaser-collection o-grid-row js-track-scroll-event" data-trackable="freeform-twocolumns">
241 | 	<div data-o-grid-colspan="12 M6">
242 | 				<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--small o-teaser--has-image js-teaser" data-id="0dd65fa5-231a-4baf-b0a6-a8f679606492"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/uk-terrorism" aria-label="Category: Terrorism in UK">Terrorism in UK</a></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/0dd65fa5-231a-4baf-b0a6-a8f679606492" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">Priti Patel says threat from ‘lone actors’ is growing</a></div><p class="o-teaser__standfirst"><a href="/content/0dd65fa5-231a-4baf-b0a6-a8f679606492" data-trackable="standfirst-link" tabindex="-1" class="js-teaser-standfirst-link">Home secretary’s comments come after three were killed in Saturday’s terror attack in Reading </a></p><div class="o-teaser__timestamp o-teaser__timestamp--"><time class="o-teaser__timestamp-date o-date" data-o-component="o-date" data-o-date-format="time-ago-limit-4-hours" datetime="2020-06-22T18:08:28+0000">2 hours ago</time></div></div><div class="o-teaser__image-container js-teaser-image-container"><div class="o-teaser__image-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:56.2722%;"><a href="/content/0dd65fa5-231a-4baf-b0a6-a8f679606492" data-trackable="image-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"><img class="o-teaser__image" src="https://www.ft.com/__origami/service/image/v2/images/raw/https%3A%2F%2Fd1e00ek4ebabms.cloudfront.net%2Fproduction%2Fdd52e572-69f3-4847-af89-04cfcb6ea9ca.jpg?source=next&amp;fit=scale-down&amp;compression=best&amp;width=240" alt=""/></a></div></div></div>
243 | 				<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--small o-teaser--has-image js-teaser" data-id="5f000a25-3d54-4610-8579-cab9b21759ee"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/stream/3152dab4-adeb-472e-b307-b0a2187f0701" aria-label="Category: German economy">German economy</a></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/5f000a25-3d54-4610-8579-cab9b21759ee" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">Berlin and ECB signal end to legal impasse over bond-buying</a></div><p class="o-teaser__standfirst"><a href="/content/5f000a25-3d54-4610-8579-cab9b21759ee" data-trackable="standfirst-link" tabindex="-1" class="js-teaser-standfirst-link">German finance minister seeks to reassure constitutional court on flagship policy</a></p></div><div class="o-teaser__image-container js-teaser-image-container"><div class="o-teaser__image-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:56.2178%;"><a href="/content/5f000a25-3d54-4610-8579-cab9b21759ee" data-trackable="image-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"><img class="o-teaser__image" src="https://www.ft.com/__origami/service/image/v2/images/raw/https%3A%2F%2Fd1e00ek4ebabms.cloudfront.net%2Fproduction%2Fd4f4209f-33ba-449a-aff0-428a9da9df49.jpg?source=next&amp;fit=scale-down&amp;compression=best&amp;width=240" alt=""/></a></div></div></div>
244 | 				<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--small o-teaser--has-image js-teaser" data-id="26915836-14aa-41c6-88ed-ee20daf50a29"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/stream/8f70c08b-6b0a-4376-8675-901b82895210" aria-label="Category: White collar crime">White collar crime</a></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/26915836-14aa-41c6-88ed-ee20daf50a29" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">Ex-HSBC currencies chief turns to US Supreme Court to appeal conviction</a></div><p class="o-teaser__standfirst"><a href="/content/26915836-14aa-41c6-88ed-ee20daf50a29" data-trackable="standfirst-link" tabindex="-1" class="js-teaser-standfirst-link">Mark Johnson was found guilty in 2017 after deal for Cairn Energy </a></p></div><div class="o-teaser__image-container js-teaser-image-container"><div class="o-teaser__image-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:56.2500%;"><a href="/content/26915836-14aa-41c6-88ed-ee20daf50a29" data-trackable="image-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"><img class="o-teaser__image" src="https://www.ft.com/__origami/service/image/v2/images/raw/https%3A%2F%2Fd1e00ek4ebabms.cloudfront.net%2Fproduction%2Fe359cdc4-ca85-4c51-b07a-a626ee3b543d.jpg?source=next&amp;fit=scale-down&amp;compression=best&amp;width=240" alt=""/></a></div></div></div>
245 | 	</div>
246 | 
247 | 	<div data-o-grid-colspan="12 M6">
248 | 				<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--small o-teaser--has-image js-teaser" data-id="61c09070-6701-4ff5-9a88-f677874f40f7"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/stream/b20deec4-2484-4caa-bd05-ee783883ac9e" aria-label="Category: UKFast.Net Ltd">UKFast.Net Ltd</a></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/61c09070-6701-4ff5-9a88-f677874f40f7" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">UKFast taps Booking.com executive as new chief</a></div><p class="o-teaser__standfirst"><a href="/content/61c09070-6701-4ff5-9a88-f677874f40f7" data-trackable="standfirst-link" tabindex="-1" class="js-teaser-standfirst-link">Tech group announces new boss following sexual assault allegations against former CEO</a></p><div class="o-teaser__timestamp o-teaser__timestamp--"><time class="o-teaser__timestamp-date o-date" data-o-component="o-date" data-o-date-format="time-ago-limit-4-hours" datetime="2020-06-22T16:36:32+0000">3 hours ago</time></div></div><div class="o-teaser__image-container js-teaser-image-container"><div class="o-teaser__image-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:56.2635%;"><a href="/content/61c09070-6701-4ff5-9a88-f677874f40f7" data-trackable="image-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"><img class="o-teaser__image" src="https://www.ft.com/__origami/service/image/v2/images/raw/https%3A%2F%2Fd1e00ek4ebabms.cloudfront.net%2Fproduction%2F6796e851-96c2-45b1-afa9-0b045cea9cc4.jpg?source=next&amp;fit=scale-down&amp;compression=best&amp;width=240" alt=""/></a></div></div></div>
249 | 				<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--small o-teaser--has-image js-teaser" data-id="1d52d243-c5f1-4725-9ea5-8ddda14a5fe8"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><span class="o-teaser__tag-prefix">FT Series</span><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/content/d298bf34-9644-4b49-be09-c775256639ba" aria-label="Category: Companies prospering in the pandemic">Companies prospering in the pandemic</a></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/1d52d243-c5f1-4725-9ea5-8ddda14a5fe8" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">Prospering in the pandemic: the corporate losers</a></div><p class="o-teaser__standfirst"><a href="/content/1d52d243-c5f1-4725-9ea5-8ddda14a5fe8" data-trackable="standfirst-link" tabindex="-1" class="js-teaser-standfirst-link">The second in a series on how companies fared in year of human and economic devastation</a></p></div><div class="o-teaser__image-container js-teaser-image-container"><div class="o-teaser__image-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:56.2500%;"><a href="/content/1d52d243-c5f1-4725-9ea5-8ddda14a5fe8" data-trackable="image-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"><img class="o-teaser__image" src="https://www.ft.com/__origami/service/image/v2/images/raw/https%3A%2F%2Fd1e00ek4ebabms.cloudfront.net%2Fproduction%2F9d865540-0180-46ad-9571-fe1caadbc0f5.jpg?source=next&amp;fit=scale-down&amp;compression=best&amp;width=240" alt=""/></a></div></div></div>
250 | 
251 | 		<div class="native-ad-container"></div>
252 | 	</div>
253 | </div>
254 | 			</section>
255 | 
256 | 			<section class="o-teaser-collection o-teaser-collection--special js-track-scroll-event" data-trackable="special-event">
257 | 	<div class="o-teaser-collection__heading-container">
258 | 				<h2 class="o-teaser-collection__heading">
259 | 					<span class="section-heading__text">
260 | 							<a href="/coronavirus" data-trackable="section-title">Coronavirus Pandemic</a>
261 | 					</span>
262 | 				</h2>
263 | 				<form
264 | 					class="n-myft-ui n-myft-ui--follow "
265 | 					method="GET"
266 | 					data-myft-ui="follow"
267 | 					data-concept-id="87e110e6-2170-408b-b267-d3b6bdbfeaa3"
268 | 					
269 | 							action="/myft/add/87e110e6-2170-408b-b267-d3b6bdbfeaa3"
270 | 							data-js-action="/__myft/api/core/followed/concept/87e110e6-2170-408b-b267-d3b6bdbfeaa3?method=put"
271 | 					>
272 | 					<input
273 | 						data-myft-csrf-token
274 | 						value=""
275 | 						type="hidden"
276 | 						name="token">
277 | 					<div
278 | 						class="n-myft-ui__announcement o-normalise-visually-hidden"
279 | 						aria-live="assertive"
280 | 						data-pressed-text="Now following Coronavirus pandemic."
281 | 						data-unpressed-text="No longer following Coronavirus pandemic."
282 | 					></div>
283 | 					<button
284 | 							aria-pressed="false"
285 | 							aria-label="Add Coronavirus pandemic to myFT"
286 | 							title="Add Coronavirus pandemic to myFT"
287 | 							data-alternate-label="Remove Coronavirus pandemic from myFT"
288 | 									data-alternate-text="Added"
289 | 						class="
290 | 							n-myft-follow-button"
291 | 						data-concept-id="87e110e6-2170-408b-b267-d3b6bdbfeaa3" 
292 | 						data-trackable="follow"
293 | 						type="submit">Add to myFT</button>
294 | 				</form>
295 | 	</div>
296 | 	<div class="o-grid-row">
297 | 		<div data-o-grid-colspan="12 L4">
298 | 					<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--large o-teaser--has-image js-teaser" data-id="aaa2c3cd-eea6-4cfa-a918-9eb7d1c230f4"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><span class="o-teaser__tag-prefix">Analysis</span><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/stream/bd89df59-1c96-4bb4-856c-823bd4dcb4b1" aria-label="Category: UK Inequality">UK Inequality</a></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/aaa2c3cd-eea6-4cfa-a918-9eb7d1c230f4" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">How Somalis in east London were hit by the pandemic</a></div><p class="o-teaser__standfirst"><a href="/content/aaa2c3cd-eea6-4cfa-a918-9eb7d1c230f4" data-trackable="standfirst-link" tabindex="-1" class="js-teaser-standfirst-link">Community’s experience fits the pattern of Bame groups suffering disproportionately</a></p></div><div class="o-teaser__image-container js-teaser-image-container"><div class="o-teaser__image-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:56.2500%;"><a href="/content/aaa2c3cd-eea6-4cfa-a918-9eb7d1c230f4" data-trackable="image-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"><img class="o-teaser__image" src="https://www.ft.com/__origami/service/image/v2/images/raw/https%3A%2F%2Fd1e00ek4ebabms.cloudfront.net%2Fproduction%2Fc0e4f9e2-3ffa-49aa-9760-c7c4354efe2b.jpg?source=next&amp;fit=scale-down&amp;compression=best&amp;width=340" alt=""/></a></div></div></div>
299 | 		</div>
300 | 
301 | 		<div data-o-grid-colspan="12 M6 L4">
302 | 					<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--small js-teaser" data-id="a26fbf7e-48f8-11ea-aeb3-955839e06441"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/content/844ed71e-6d06-11ea-89df-41bea055720b" aria-label="Category: Coronavirus: free to read">Coronavirus: free to read</a></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/a26fbf7e-48f8-11ea-aeb3-955839e06441" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">Coronavirus tracked: the latest figures as countries fight to contain the pandemic</a></div><p class="o-teaser__standfirst"><a href="/content/a26fbf7e-48f8-11ea-aeb3-955839e06441" data-trackable="standfirst-link" tabindex="-1" class="js-teaser-standfirst-link">The FT analyses the scale of outbreaks and the number of deaths around the world</a></p><div class="o-teaser__timestamp o-teaser__timestamp--"><time class="o-teaser__timestamp-date o-date" data-o-component="o-date" data-o-date-format="time-ago-limit-4-hours" datetime="2020-06-22T17:54:50+0000">2 hours ago</time></div></div></div>
303 | 					<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--small js-teaser" data-id="7ecd5ded-9b90-4052-b849-0e153f701e1f"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/content/844ed71e-6d06-11ea-89df-41bea055720b" aria-label="Category: Coronavirus: free to read">Coronavirus: free to read</a></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/7ecd5ded-9b90-4052-b849-0e153f701e1f" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">Coronavirus: Sweden starts to debate its public health experiment</a></div><p class="o-teaser__standfirst"><a href="/content/7ecd5ded-9b90-4052-b849-0e153f701e1f" data-trackable="standfirst-link" tabindex="-1" class="js-teaser-standfirst-link">The Nordic country has tried to stay as open as possible but with rising deaths its policy faces growing scrutiny</a></p></div></div>
304 | 		</div>
305 | 
306 | 		<div data-o-grid-colspan="12 M6 L4">
307 | 					<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--small js-teaser" data-id="7498eb28-231d-4aaf-b85a-c38502a476d2"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/7498eb28-231d-4aaf-b85a-c38502a476d2" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">Kudlow dismisses ‘second wave’ fears as US cases jump</a></div></div></div>
308 | 					<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--small js-teaser" data-id="31094120-22ba-4a9a-8122-2851aebf7549"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/31094120-22ba-4a9a-8122-2851aebf7549" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">France shows Europe can keep Covid-19 in check after reopening</a></div></div></div>
309 | 					<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--small js-teaser" data-id="057e861b-ef35-418d-9d16-81d2a0219212"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/057e861b-ef35-418d-9d16-81d2a0219212" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">Abattoir coronavirus outbreak triggers infections surge in Germany</a></div></div></div>
310 | 		</div>
311 | 	</div>
312 | </section>
313 | 
314 | 				<div id="myft-high" data-section-container="myft-high"></div>
315 | 
316 | 			<div class="o-grid-row">
317 | 				<div data-o-grid-colspan="12 L8" data-section-container="regional-news">
318 | 					<section class="o-teaser-collection js-track-scroll-event" data-trackable="regional-top-stories">
319 | 			<h2 class="o-teaser-collection__heading o-teaser-collection__heading--half-width">
320 | 				<span class="section-heading__text">
321 | 						<a href="/world/uk" data-trackable="section-title">UK News</a>
322 | 				</span>
323 | 			</h2>
324 | 	<div class="o-grid-row">
325 | 		<div data-o-grid-colspan="12 L6">
326 | 					<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--large o-teaser--has-image js-teaser" data-id="08056a4f-e180-478b-8226-421cb46e71bb"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/stream/e15f3def-fd86-45dd-8103-36a36132645f" aria-label="Category: HSBC Holdings PLC">HSBC Holdings PLC</a></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/08056a4f-e180-478b-8226-421cb46e71bb" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">HSBC faces £1.3bn lawsuit over film scheme</a></div><p class="o-teaser__standfirst"><a href="/content/08056a4f-e180-478b-8226-421cb46e71bb" data-trackable="standfirst-link" tabindex="-1" class="js-teaser-standfirst-link">371 investors make allegations against UK lender’s private bank after suffering losses</a></p></div><div class="o-teaser__image-container js-teaser-image-container"><div class="o-teaser__image-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:56.2500%;"><a href="/content/08056a4f-e180-478b-8226-421cb46e71bb" data-trackable="image-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"><img class="o-teaser__image" src="https://www.ft.com/__origami/service/image/v2/images/raw/https%3A%2F%2Fd1e00ek4ebabms.cloudfront.net%2Fproduction%2Fc0f9bb2b-65ee-414b-b00f-e9475e472fc7.jpg?source=next&amp;fit=scale-down&amp;compression=best&amp;width=340" alt=""/></a></div></div></div>
327 | 		</div>
328 | 	
329 | 		<div data-o-grid-colspan="12 L6">
330 | 					<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--small js-teaser" data-id="1945b708-a1d0-4960-9cb2-7238a3c8cd89"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/stream/0ee3486f-0669-4774-b8f6-0c67e3b6b18f" aria-label="Category: Bank of England">Bank of England</a></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/1945b708-a1d0-4960-9cb2-7238a3c8cd89" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">UK government almost ran out of money, says BoE governor </a></div><p class="o-teaser__standfirst"><a href="/content/1945b708-a1d0-4960-9cb2-7238a3c8cd89" data-trackable="standfirst-link" tabindex="-1" class="js-teaser-standfirst-link">But Andrew Bailey insists monetary stimulus should not be a permanent feature of UK economy</a></p><div class="o-teaser__timestamp o-teaser__timestamp--"><time class="o-teaser__timestamp-date o-date" data-o-component="o-date" data-o-date-format="time-ago-limit-4-hours" datetime="2020-06-22T18:22:56+0000">2 hours ago</time></div></div></div>
331 | 					<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--small js-teaser" data-id="c90cc60e-9bd3-4d9c-8a0c-0fcedfe8426c"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/companies/automobiles" aria-label="Category: Automobiles">Automobiles</a></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/c90cc60e-9bd3-4d9c-8a0c-0fcedfe8426c" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">Rocky start for Land Rover’s new Defender</a></div><p class="o-teaser__standfirst"><a href="/content/c90cc60e-9bd3-4d9c-8a0c-0fcedfe8426c" data-trackable="standfirst-link" tabindex="-1" class="js-teaser-standfirst-link">Hitches in rollout of revived classic offer opening to rival 4x4 from Ineos</a></p></div></div>
332 | 					<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--small js-teaser" data-id="62e6603e-4f5f-47b4-a12d-ce3c76a8358b"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/stream/f240e6ff-98f8-4376-a2bf-fd9b8da0c2a8" aria-label="Category: Amigo Holdings PLC">Amigo Holdings PLC</a></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/62e6603e-4f5f-47b4-a12d-ce3c76a8358b" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">Amigo Loans hit by surge in customer complaints</a></div><p class="o-teaser__standfirst"><a href="/content/62e6603e-4f5f-47b4-a12d-ce3c76a8358b" data-trackable="standfirst-link" tabindex="-1" class="js-teaser-standfirst-link">Subprime lender’s shares tumble 25 per cent as it is forced to delay full-year results </a></p></div></div>
333 | 		</div>
334 | 	</div>
335 | </section>
336 | 				</div>
337 | 
338 | 				<div data-o-grid-colspan="12 L4">
339 | 					<section class="o-teaser-collection o-teaser-collection--numbered js-track-scroll-event" data-trackable="most-popular">
340 | 			<div class="o-teaser-collection__heading o-teaser-collection__heading--full-width">
341 | 				<span class="section-heading__text">
342 | 						Most Read
343 | 				</span>
344 | 			</div>
345 | 	<ol class="o-teaser-collection__items">
346 | 		<li class="o-teaser-collection__item">
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348 | 		</li>
349 | 		<li class="o-teaser-collection__item">
350 | 				<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--small js-teaser" data-id="b6cc50e8-a865-48d0-b21e-a825ec865b69"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/b6cc50e8-a865-48d0-b21e-a825ec865b69" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">Sunak set to follow VAT stimulus with autumn tax rises</a></div></div></div>
351 | 		</li>
352 | 		<li class="o-teaser-collection__item">
353 | 				<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--small js-teaser" data-id="2581fda5-8c89-46b5-9acf-ba8a88d74d88"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/2581fda5-8c89-46b5-9acf-ba8a88d74d88" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">Wirecard fights for survival as it admits scale of fraud</a></div><div class="o-teaser__timestamp o-teaser__timestamp--"><time class="o-teaser__timestamp-date o-date" data-o-component="o-date" data-o-date-format="time-ago-limit-4-hours" datetime="2020-06-22T17:11:28+0000">3 hours ago</time></div></div></div>
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357 | 		</li>
358 | 		<li class="o-teaser-collection__item">
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360 | 		</li>
361 | 	</ol>
362 | </section>
363 | 				</div>
364 | 			</div>
365 | 
366 | 			<div class="o-ads bottom-page-advert advert o-ads--transition o-ads--center" tabindex="-1" role="presentation" data-o-ads-name="bottom-below-my-ft" data-o-ads-targeting="pos=mid1;" data-o-ads-center="true" data-o-ads-formats-default="MediumRectangle,Responsive" data-o-ads-formats-small="MediumRectangle,Responsive" data-o-ads-formats-medium="Leaderboard,Responsive" data-o-ads-formats-large="SuperLeaderboard,Leaderboard,Billboard,Responsive" data-o-ads-formats-extra="SuperLeaderboard,Leaderboard,Billboard,Responsive" data-sticky-ad="true" aria-hidden="true"></div>
367 | 
368 | 			<section class="o-teaser-collection js-track-scroll-event" data-trackable="opinion">
369 | 			<h2 class="o-teaser-collection__heading">
370 | 				<span class="section-heading__text">
371 | 						<a href="/comment" data-trackable="section-title">Opinion</a>
372 | 				</span>
373 | 			</h2>
374 | 	<div class="o-grid-row">
375 | 		<div data-o-grid-colspan="12 L4">
376 | 					<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--large o-teaser--opinion-background o-teaser--has-image o-teaser--opinion js-teaser" data-id="27872df6-b496-11ea-8ecb-0994e384dffe"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><span class="o-teaser__tag-prefix">The FT View</span><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/ft-view" aria-label="Category: The editorial board">The editorial board</a></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/27872df6-b496-11ea-8ecb-0994e384dffe" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">Lessons from a financial technology scandal</a></div><p class="o-teaser__standfirst"><a href="/content/27872df6-b496-11ea-8ecb-0994e384dffe" data-trackable="standfirst-link" tabindex="-1" class="js-teaser-standfirst-link">The Wirecard affair has exposed defective oversight in Germany and elsewhere</a></p><div class="o-teaser__timestamp o-teaser__timestamp--"><time class="o-teaser__timestamp-date o-date" data-o-component="o-date" data-o-date-format="time-ago-limit-4-hours" datetime="2020-06-22T18:24:59+0000">2 hours ago</time></div></div><div class="o-teaser__image-container js-teaser-image-container"><div class="o-teaser__image-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:56.2500%;"><a href="/content/27872df6-b496-11ea-8ecb-0994e384dffe" data-trackable="image-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"><img class="o-teaser__image o-lazy-load" data-src="https://www.ft.com/__origami/service/image/v2/images/raw/http%3A%2F%2Fprod-upp-image-read.ft.com%2F4003062e-b49c-11ea-8ecb-0994e384dffe?source=next&amp;fit=scale-down&amp;compression=best&amp;width=340" alt=""/></a></div></div></div>
377 | 		</div>
378 | 	
379 | 		<div data-o-grid-colspan="12 L4">
380 | 					<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--small o-teaser--has-headshot o-teaser--opinion js-teaser" data-id="d74d9bda-6822-4f85-9d48-a285a9effe07"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/gideon-rachman" aria-label="Category: Gideon Rachman">Gideon Rachman</a></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/d74d9bda-6822-4f85-9d48-a285a9effe07" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">India picks a side in the new cold war</a></div><img class="o-teaser__headshot" width="75" height="75" alt="" aria-hidden="true" src="https://www.ft.com/__origami/service/image/v2/images/raw/fthead-v1%3Agideon-rachman?source=next&amp;fit=scale-down&amp;compression=best&amp;width=75&amp;tint=054593,d6d5d3&amp;dpr=2"/></div></div>
381 | 					<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--small o-teaser--opinion js-teaser" data-id="64471318-b226-11ea-a4b6-31f1eedf762e"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><span class="o-teaser__tag-prefix">The FT View</span><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/ft-view" aria-label="Category: The editorial board">The editorial board</a></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/64471318-b226-11ea-a4b6-31f1eedf762e" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">Facing up to corporate sins of the past</a></div></div></div>
382 | 					<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--small o-teaser--has-headshot o-teaser--opinion js-teaser" data-id="e3da4af1-7d90-4728-ae9e-6d89dd91179d"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/john-thornhill" aria-label="Category: John Thornhill">John Thornhill</a></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/e3da4af1-7d90-4728-ae9e-6d89dd91179d" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">The young innovators who choose social purpose over wealth</a></div><img class="o-teaser__headshot" width="75" height="75" alt="" aria-hidden="true" src="https://www.ft.com/__origami/service/image/v2/images/raw/fthead-v1%3Ajohn-thornhill?source=next&amp;fit=scale-down&amp;compression=best&amp;width=75&amp;tint=054593,d6d5d3&amp;dpr=2"/></div></div>
383 | 					<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--small o-teaser--opinion js-teaser" data-id="5a04e425-9ba0-4a52-83ad-1c7d81b414f3"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/stream/4dd4096d-0c78-4970-ad60-95013f983f3a" aria-label="Category: Jacqueline Bhabha">Jacqueline Bhabha</a></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/5a04e425-9ba0-4a52-83ad-1c7d81b414f3" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">Supreme Court’s ‘Dreamers’ decision just a first step</a></div></div></div>
384 | 		</div>
385 | 	
386 | 		<div data-o-grid-colspan="12 L4">
387 | 					<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--small o-teaser--opinion js-teaser" data-id="f04793df-43a2-4d69-a39f-e04dac36ce8e"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/stream/c9c89d92-43a8-4a00-84ab-fb7e09a5f9cc" aria-label="Category: Bernd Ziesemer">Bernd Ziesemer</a></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/f04793df-43a2-4d69-a39f-e04dac36ce8e" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">Why was Frankfurt so blind for so long about Wirecard?</a></div></div></div>
388 | 					<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--small o-teaser--has-headshot o-teaser--opinion js-teaser" data-id="319728bc-df60-4a84-9340-f8f48f8cd48e"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/patti-waldmeir" aria-label="Category: Patti Waldmeir">Patti Waldmeir</a></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/319728bc-df60-4a84-9340-f8f48f8cd48e" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">Why my alma mater’s record on race has got worse   </a></div><img class="o-teaser__headshot" width="75" height="75" alt="" aria-hidden="true" src="https://www.ft.com/__origami/service/image/v2/images/raw/fthead-v1%3Apatti-waldmeir?source=next&amp;fit=scale-down&amp;compression=best&amp;width=75&amp;tint=054593,d6d5d3&amp;dpr=2"/></div></div>
389 | 					<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--small o-teaser--has-headshot o-teaser--opinion js-teaser" data-id="eef9dbe2-f0bf-46b3-9b37-b90148cfafe1"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><span class="o-teaser__tag-prefix">Lombard</span><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/kate-burgess" aria-label="Category: Kate Burgess">Kate Burgess</a></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/eef9dbe2-f0bf-46b3-9b37-b90148cfafe1" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">FCA’s new top dog has to prove he is more than a Treasury mandarin</a></div><img class="o-teaser__headshot" width="75" height="75" alt="" aria-hidden="true" src="https://www.ft.com/__origami/service/image/v2/images/raw/ftcms%3A0ff378e2-5d49-11ea-b0ab-339c2307bcd4?source=next&amp;fit=scale-down&amp;compression=best&amp;width=75&amp;tint=054593,d6d5d3&amp;dpr=2"/></div></div>
390 | 					<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--small o-teaser--opinion js-teaser" data-id="4c29a01d-d5a6-42f2-b9eb-4b7ae4a193b9"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><span class="o-teaser__tag-prefix">Lex</span><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/world/uk/politics" aria-label="Category: UK politics &amp; policy">UK politics &amp; policy</a></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/4c29a01d-d5a6-42f2-b9eb-4b7ae4a193b9" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">UK takeover rules: not for sale</a><span> <span class="o-labels o-labels--premium o-labels--content-premium" aria-label="Premium content">Premium</span></span></div></div></div>
391 | 		</div>
392 | 	</div>
393 | </section>
394 | 
395 | 				<div id="myft-low" data-section-container="myft-low"></div>
396 | 
397 | 			<section class="o-teaser-collection js-track-scroll-event o-teaser-collection--life-arts" data-trackable="life-and-arts">
398 | 			<h2 class="o-teaser-collection__heading">
399 | 				<span class="section-heading__text">
400 | 						<a href="/life-arts" data-trackable="section-title">Life & Arts</a>
401 | 				</span>
402 | 			</h2>
403 | 	<div class="o-grid-row">
404 | 		<div data-o-grid-colspan="12 M6">
405 | 					<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--small o-teaser--stacked o-teaser--has-image js-teaser" data-id="b6e9640c-b471-11ea-b5d9-84704a744f61"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><span class="o-teaser__tag-prefix">Review</span><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/music" aria-label="Category: Music">Music</a></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/b6e9640c-b471-11ea-b5d9-84704a744f61" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">OperaVision’s summer gala gives hints of a return to normality</a></div></div><div class="o-teaser__image-container js-teaser-image-container"><div class="o-teaser__image-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:56.2500%;"><a href="/content/b6e9640c-b471-11ea-b5d9-84704a744f61" data-trackable="image-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"><img class="o-teaser__image o-lazy-load" data-src="https://www.ft.com/__origami/service/image/v2/images/raw/http%3A%2F%2Fprod-upp-image-read.ft.com%2Fd4357e38-b485-11ea-8ecb-0994e384dffe?source=next&amp;fit=scale-down&amp;compression=best&amp;width=420" alt=""/></a></div></div></div>
406 | 		</div>
407 | 		<div data-o-grid-colspan="12 M6">
408 | 					<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--small o-teaser--stacked o-teaser--has-image js-teaser" data-id="ed52c7a2-b158-11ea-a4b6-31f1eedf762e"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><span class="o-teaser__tag-prefix">Review</span><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/non-fiction" aria-label="Category: Non-Fiction">Non-Fiction</a></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/ed52c7a2-b158-11ea-a4b6-31f1eedf762e" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">Summer books of 2020: Food and drink</a></div><div class="o-teaser__timestamp o-teaser__timestamp--"><time class="o-teaser__timestamp-date o-date" data-o-component="o-date" data-o-date-format="time-ago-limit-4-hours" datetime="2020-06-22T16:43:53+0000">3 hours ago</time></div></div><div class="o-teaser__image-container js-teaser-image-container"><div class="o-teaser__image-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:56.2500%;"><a href="/content/ed52c7a2-b158-11ea-a4b6-31f1eedf762e" data-trackable="image-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"><img class="o-teaser__image o-lazy-load" data-src="https://www.ft.com/__origami/service/image/v2/images/raw/http%3A%2F%2Fprod-upp-image-read.ft.com%2Fea723012-b433-11ea-8ecb-0994e384dffe?source=next&amp;fit=scale-down&amp;compression=best&amp;width=420" alt=""/></a></div></div></div>
409 | 		</div>
410 | 		<div data-o-grid-colspan="12 M6 L4">
411 | 					<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--small o-teaser--stacked o-teaser--has-image js-teaser" data-id="16d0f9fc-b17a-11ea-a4b6-31f1eedf762e"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><span class="o-teaser__tag-prefix">Interview</span><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/film" aria-label="Category: Film">Film</a></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/16d0f9fc-b17a-11ea-a4b6-31f1eedf762e" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">Naomi Kawase: the film-maker ready to shoot the Olympics</a></div></div><div class="o-teaser__image-container js-teaser-image-container"><div class="o-teaser__image-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:56.2500%;"><a href="/content/16d0f9fc-b17a-11ea-a4b6-31f1eedf762e" data-trackable="image-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"><img class="o-teaser__image o-lazy-load" data-src="https://www.ft.com/__origami/service/image/v2/images/raw/http%3A%2F%2Fprod-upp-image-read.ft.com%2Fe6190cb4-b237-11ea-94fc-9a676a727e5a?source=next&amp;fit=scale-down&amp;compression=best&amp;width=340" alt=""/></a></div></div></div>
412 | 		</div>
413 | 		<div data-o-grid-colspan="12 M6 L4">
414 | 					<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--placeholder o-teaser--small o-teaser--stacked o-teaser--has-image js-teaser" data-id="b2fe2a2e-a3f7-11ea-a27c-b8aa85e36b7e"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/life-arts/life-of-a-song" aria-label="Category: Life of a Song">Life of a Song</a></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="https://ig.ft.com/life-of-a-song/white-rabbit.html" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">White Rabbit — Jefferson Airplane’s track was inspired by Miles Davis, Lewis Carroll — and LSD</a></div></div><div class="o-teaser__image-container js-teaser-image-container"><div class="o-teaser__image-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:56.2500%;"><a href="https://ig.ft.com/life-of-a-song/white-rabbit.html" data-trackable="image-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"><img class="o-teaser__image o-lazy-load" data-src="https://www.ft.com/__origami/service/image/v2/images/raw/http%3A%2F%2Fprod-upp-image-read.ft.com%2F68259b18-a98d-11ea-abfc-5d8dc4dd86f9?source=next&amp;fit=scale-down&amp;compression=best&amp;width=340" alt=""/></a></div></div></div>
415 | 		</div>
416 | 		<div data-o-grid-colspan="12 M6 L4">
417 | 					<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--package o-teaser--small o-teaser--stacked o-teaser--has-image js-teaser" data-id="1ee21424-e3fe-11e7-8b99-0191e45377ec"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><span class="o-teaser__tag-prefix">Review</span><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/television" aria-label="Category: Television">Television</a></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/1ee21424-e3fe-11e7-8b99-0191e45377ec" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">The best of TV and streaming this week</a></div></div><div class="o-teaser__image-container js-teaser-image-container"><div class="o-teaser__image-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:56.2500%;"><a href="/content/1ee21424-e3fe-11e7-8b99-0191e45377ec" data-trackable="image-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"><img class="o-teaser__image o-lazy-load" data-src="https://www.ft.com/__origami/service/image/v2/images/raw/http%3A%2F%2Fprod-upp-image-read.ft.com%2Fe952d260-b242-11ea-94fc-9a676a727e5a?source=next&amp;fit=scale-down&amp;compression=best&amp;width=340" alt=""/></a></div></div></div>
418 | 		</div>
419 | 	</div>
420 | </section>
421 | 
422 | 			<section class="section section--podcasts podcast-section o-teaser-collection o-teaser-collection--mid-slice" data-trackable="podcast-slice">
423 | 	<div class="o-grid-row">
424 | 		<div data-o-grid-colspan="12">
425 | 			<h2 class="o-teaser-collection__heading podcast-section__heading">
426 | 				<a href="/podcasts" data-trackable="section-title" aria-label="Latest in Podcasts">Podcasts</a>
427 | 			</h2>
428 | 		</div>
429 | 
430 | 			<div data-o-grid-colspan="12 S6" class="o-teaser-collection__item--stretched podcast-section__item" data-trackable="teaser-0">
431 | 					<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--audio o-teaser--hero o-teaser--stretched js-teaser" data-id="d60ddbf7-9da4-44ec-aa9f-9205bfcc25f5"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/newsbriefing" aria-label="Category: FT News Briefing podcast">FT News Briefing podcast</a><span class="o-teaser__tag-suffix">9 min listen</span></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/d60ddbf7-9da4-44ec-aa9f-9205bfcc25f5" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link" aria-label="Listen to podcast Brexit talks, Senegal oil, US black unemployment">Brexit talks, Senegal oil, US black unemployment</a></div><p class="o-teaser__standfirst"><a href="/content/d60ddbf7-9da4-44ec-aa9f-9205bfcc25f5" data-trackable="standfirst-link" tabindex="-1" class="js-teaser-standfirst-link">Diplomats note a shift in mood ahead of talks on Britain’s future relationship with the EU</a></p><div class="o-teaser__action"><span>9 min listen</span></div></div></div>
432 | 
433 | 				<a href="/content/d60ddbf7-9da4-44ec-aa9f-9205bfcc25f5" class="podcast-section__item-image-container" data-trackable="image" aria-hidden="true">
434 | 					<img src="https://www.ft.com/__origami/service/image/v2/images/raw/http://prod-upp-image-read.ft.com/a0eef75d-494e-4eb8-9e1d-7f990a664813?source=ft-next-front-page&width=250&height=250&quality=highest&dpr=2" alt="Brexit talks, Senegal oil, US black unemployment" class="podcast-section__item-image">
435 | 				</a>
436 | 
437 | 				<!-- tabindex is set to -1 here because some screenreaders will ignore aria-hidden on interactive elements. the link to this content is the same as is on the title, which is accessible -->
438 | 				<a href="/content/d60ddbf7-9da4-44ec-aa9f-9205bfcc25f5" class="podcast-section__item-icon-container" data-trackable="icon" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1">
439 | 					<span class="podcast-section__item-icon"></span>
440 | 				</a>
441 | 			</div>
442 | 			<div data-o-grid-colspan="12 S6" class="o-teaser-collection__item--stretched podcast-section__item" data-trackable="teaser-1">
443 | 					<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--audio o-teaser--hero o-teaser--stretched js-teaser" data-id="7aa99f88-7639-4693-ba81-e171b02a2e83"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/uk-politics-podcast" aria-label="Category: FT UK Politics podcast">FT UK Politics podcast</a><span class="o-teaser__tag-suffix">32 min listen</span></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/7aa99f88-7639-4693-ba81-e171b02a2e83" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link" aria-label="Listen to podcast U-turns on free school meals and tracking app">U-turns on free school meals and tracking app</a></div><p class="o-teaser__standfirst"><a href="/content/7aa99f88-7639-4693-ba81-e171b02a2e83" data-trackable="standfirst-link" tabindex="-1" class="js-teaser-standfirst-link">Boris Johnson caved into Marcus Rashford’s campaign on free school meals, but why did it take so long?</a></p><div class="o-teaser__action"><span>32 min listen</span></div></div></div>
444 | 
445 | 				<a href="/content/7aa99f88-7639-4693-ba81-e171b02a2e83" class="podcast-section__item-image-container" data-trackable="image" aria-hidden="true">
446 | 					<img src="https://www.ft.com/__origami/service/image/v2/images/raw/http://prod-upp-image-read.ft.com/52d89bcb-2453-49e4-8e2b-9fe49cc9b6e1?source=ft-next-front-page&width=250&height=250&quality=highest&dpr=2" alt="U-turns on free school meals and tracking app" class="podcast-section__item-image">
447 | 				</a>
448 | 
449 | 				<!-- tabindex is set to -1 here because some screenreaders will ignore aria-hidden on interactive elements. the link to this content is the same as is on the title, which is accessible -->
450 | 				<a href="/content/7aa99f88-7639-4693-ba81-e171b02a2e83" class="podcast-section__item-icon-container" data-trackable="icon" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1">
451 | 					<span class="podcast-section__item-icon"></span>
452 | 				</a>
453 | 			</div>
454 | 	</div>
455 | </section>
456 | 
457 | 			<section class="section section--video">
458 | 	<div class="section__column video-section">
459 | 
460 | 		<div class="o-grid-container">
461 | 			<div class="o-grid-row">
462 | 				<div data-o-grid-colspan="12 XL10 XLoffset1">
463 | 
464 | 					<!-- back in happy grid land -->
465 | 					<div class="o-grid-row">
466 | 						<div data-o-grid-colspan="12">
467 | 							<h2 class="o-teaser-collection__heading video-section__heading">
468 | 								<a href="/video" data-trackable="section-title">Video</a>
469 | 							</h2>
470 | 						</div>
471 | 
472 | 						<div class="video-section__column--player" data-o-grid-colspan="12 M6 L7">
473 | 								<div class="o-video video-section__player"
474 | 										data-o-component="o-video"
475 | 										data-o-video-id="43b41481-daab-4d59-a682-19bed9e268af"
476 | 										data-o-video-optimumwidth="640"
477 | 										data-o-video-optimumvideowidth="640"
478 | 										data-o-video-placeholder-hint="Play video"
479 | 										data-o-video-show-guidance="false"
480 | 										data-o-video-systemcode="next-front-page"
481 | 										data-o-video-data="{&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Lockdown lunches: how to make a bagel a Jewish mother would be proud of&quot;,&quot;standfirst&quot;:&quot;In the final part of our home-cooking series, Tim Hayward shows the FT&#x27;s Daniel Garrahan how to bake a bagel&quot;,&quot;renditions&quot;:[{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://next-media-api.ft.com/renditions/15924855093160/640x360.mp4&quot;,&quot;duration&quot;:407637,&quot;mediaType&quot;:&quot;video/mp4&quot;,&quot;codec&quot;:&quot;h264&quot;,&quot;pixelWidth&quot;:640,&quot;pixelHeight&quot;:360},{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://next-media-api.ft.com/renditions/15924855093160/1280x720.mp4&quot;,&quot;duration&quot;:407637,&quot;mediaType&quot;:&quot;video/mp4&quot;,&quot;codec&quot;:&quot;h264&quot;,&quot;pixelWidth&quot;:1280,&quot;pixelHeight&quot;:720},{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://next-media-api.ft.com/renditions/15924855093160/1920x1080.mp4&quot;,&quot;duration&quot;:407637,&quot;mediaType&quot;:&quot;video/mp4&quot;,&quot;codec&quot;:&quot;h264&quot;,&quot;pixelWidth&quot;:1920,&quot;pixelHeight&quot;:1080}],&quot;mainImageUrl&quot;:&quot;http://prod-upp-image-read.ft.com/15c3026e-b5dd-4294-9fc6-3eaad0a3d456&quot;}">
482 | 										<div class="js-video-up-next"></div>
483 | 								</div>
484 | 							
485 | 									<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--video o-teaser--small o-teaser--now-playing js-teaser" data-id="43b41481-daab-4d59-a682-19bed9e268af"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/content/23d75d1b-6dec-4f75-9b74-a88d4e9a4566" aria-label="Category: Lockdown lunches">Lockdown lunches</a><span class="o-teaser__tag-suffix">7 min</span></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/video/43b41481-daab-4d59-a682-19bed9e268af" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link" aria-label="Watch video Lockdown lunches: how to make a bagel a Jewish mother would be proud of">Lockdown lunches: how to make a bagel a Jewish mother would be proud of</a></div></div></div>
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527 | 												<a class="o-share__icon o-share__icon--facebook" target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fvideo%2F43b41481-daab-4d59-a682-19bed9e268af&amp;t=Lockdown%20lunches%3A%20how%20to%20make%20a%20bagel%20a%20Jewish%20mother%20would%20be%20proud%20of" data-trackable="facebook"><span class="o-share__text">Share <em>Lockdown lunches: how to make a bagel a Jewish mother would be proud of</em> on Facebook (link opens in a new browser window)</span></a>
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529 | 											<li class="o-share__action o-share__action--linkedin">
530 | 												<a class="o-share__icon o-share__icon--linkedin" target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fvideo%2F43b41481-daab-4d59-a682-19bed9e268af&amp;title=Lockdown%20lunches%3A%20how%20to%20make%20a%20bagel%20a%20Jewish%20mother%20would%20be%20proud%20of&amp;source=Financial+Times" data-trackable="linkedin"><span class="o-share__text">Share <em>Lockdown lunches: how to make a bagel a Jewish mother would be proud of</em> on LinkedIn (link opens in a new browser window)</span></a>
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533 | 												<a class="o-share__icon o-share__icon--whatsapp" target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="whatsapp://send?text=Lockdown%20lunches%3A%20how%20to%20make%20a%20bagel%20a%20Jewish%20mother%20would%20be%20proud%20of%20-%20https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fvideo%2F43b41481-daab-4d59-a682-19bed9e268af" data-trackable="whatsapp"><span class="o-share__text">Share <em>Lockdown lunches: how to make a bagel a Jewish mother would be proud of</em> on WhatsApp (link opens in a new browser window)</span></a>
534 | 											</li>
535 | 											<li class="o-share__action o-share__action--link">
536 | 												<a href="https://www.ft.com/video/43b41481-daab-4d59-a682-19bed9e268af" class="o-share__icon o-share__icon--link" title="View Lockdown lunches: how to make a bagel a Jewish mother would be proud of on video page"><span class="o-share__text">View <em>Lockdown lunches: how to make a bagel a Jewish mother would be proud of</em> on video page</span></a>
537 | 											</li>
538 | 										</ul>
539 | 									</div>
540 | 								</div>
541 | 							
542 | 						</div>
543 | 
544 | 						<div class="video-section__column--playlist" data-o-grid-colspan="12 M6 L5">
545 | 								<div class="video-section__item">
546 | 										<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--video o-teaser--small o-teaser--playlist-item o-teaser--has-image js-teaser" data-id="43b41481-daab-4d59-a682-19bed9e268af"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/content/23d75d1b-6dec-4f75-9b74-a88d4e9a4566" aria-label="Category: Lockdown lunches">Lockdown lunches</a><span class="o-teaser__tag-suffix">7 min</span></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/video/43b41481-daab-4d59-a682-19bed9e268af" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link" aria-label="Watch video Lockdown lunches: how to make a bagel a Jewish mother would be proud of">Lockdown lunches: how to make a bagel a Jewish mother would be proud of</a></div></div><div class="o-teaser__image-container js-teaser-image-container"><div class="o-teaser__image-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:56.2500%;"><a href="/video/43b41481-daab-4d59-a682-19bed9e268af" data-trackable="image-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"><img class="o-teaser__image o-lazy-load" data-src="https://www.ft.com/__origami/service/image/v2/images/raw/http%3A%2F%2Fprod-upp-image-read.ft.com%2F15c3026e-b5dd-4294-9fc6-3eaad0a3d456?source=next&amp;fit=scale-down&amp;compression=best&amp;width=240" alt=""/></a></div></div></div>
547 | 								</div>
548 | 								<div class="video-section__item">
549 | 										<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--video o-teaser--small o-teaser--playlist-item o-teaser--has-image js-teaser" data-id="8aa052ee-cbb9-467b-81c8-8a1e154eeae9"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><span class="o-teaser__tag-prefix">Analysis</span><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/reports/ft-general-counsel" aria-label="Category: Law">Law</a><span class="o-teaser__tag-suffix">9 min</span></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/video/8aa052ee-cbb9-467b-81c8-8a1e154eeae9" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link" aria-label="Watch video Opinion: David Allen Green&#39;s guided tour of UK stop and search law">Opinion: David Allen Green&#39;s guided tour of UK stop and search law</a></div></div><div class="o-teaser__image-container js-teaser-image-container"><div class="o-teaser__image-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:56.2500%;"><a href="/video/8aa052ee-cbb9-467b-81c8-8a1e154eeae9" data-trackable="image-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"><img class="o-teaser__image o-lazy-load" data-src="https://www.ft.com/__origami/service/image/v2/images/raw/http%3A%2F%2Fprod-upp-image-read.ft.com%2F02a2650d-0855-4dca-aa64-b8daeeb95d47?source=next&amp;fit=scale-down&amp;compression=best&amp;width=240" alt=""/></a></div></div></div>
550 | 								</div>
551 | 								<div class="video-section__item">
552 | 										<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--video o-teaser--small o-teaser--playlist-item o-teaser--has-image js-teaser" data-id="e59a0da9-287f-48fc-8a01-fa2f0dc03273"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/world" aria-label="Category: World">World</a><span class="o-teaser__tag-suffix">3 min</span></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/video/e59a0da9-287f-48fc-8a01-fa2f0dc03273" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link" aria-label="Watch video Has Sweden&#39;s coronavirus strategy failed?">Has Sweden&#39;s coronavirus strategy failed?</a></div></div><div class="o-teaser__image-container js-teaser-image-container"><div class="o-teaser__image-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:56.2500%;"><a href="/video/e59a0da9-287f-48fc-8a01-fa2f0dc03273" data-trackable="image-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"><img class="o-teaser__image o-lazy-load" data-src="https://www.ft.com/__origami/service/image/v2/images/raw/http%3A%2F%2Fprod-upp-image-read.ft.com%2F6218ce8f-a315-4965-b7de-2120f374d3d2?source=next&amp;fit=scale-down&amp;compression=best&amp;width=240" alt=""/></a></div></div></div>
553 | 								</div>
554 | 								<div class="video-section__item">
555 | 										<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--video o-teaser--small o-teaser--playlist-item o-teaser--has-image js-teaser" data-id="4a7e38ee-0ca3-47b9-aabf-9afd6a185d19"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><span class="o-teaser__tag-prefix">Explainer</span><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/trade-secrets" aria-label="Category: Trade Secrets">Trade Secrets</a><span class="o-teaser__tag-suffix">5 min</span></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/video/4a7e38ee-0ca3-47b9-aabf-9afd6a185d19" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link" aria-label="Watch video How coronavirus is changing global shipping routes">How coronavirus is changing global shipping routes</a></div></div><div class="o-teaser__image-container js-teaser-image-container"><div class="o-teaser__image-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:56.2500%;"><a href="/video/4a7e38ee-0ca3-47b9-aabf-9afd6a185d19" data-trackable="image-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"><img class="o-teaser__image o-lazy-load" data-src="https://www.ft.com/__origami/service/image/v2/images/raw/http%3A%2F%2Fprod-upp-image-read.ft.com%2Fb5e408bb-442f-4b88-a01b-da857bca1286?source=next&amp;fit=scale-down&amp;compression=best&amp;width=240" alt=""/></a></div></div></div>
556 | 								</div>
557 | 						</div>
558 | 					</div>
559 | 				</div>
560 | 			</div>
561 | 		</div>
562 | 
563 | 	</div>
564 | </section>
565 | 
566 | 			<section class="o-teaser-collection js-track-scroll-event" data-trackable="editors-picks">
567 | 			<h2 class="o-teaser-collection__heading">
568 | 				<span class="section-heading__text">
569 | 						Highlights
570 | 				</span>
571 | 			</h2>
572 | 	<div class="o-grid-row">
573 | 		<div data-o-grid-colspan="12 L4">
574 | 					<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--large o-teaser--has-image js-teaser" data-id="b70592ce-b1c6-11ea-8aea-0082f86ce467"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><span class="o-teaser__tag-prefix">The Art of Fashion</span><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/content/74eaf160-b23c-11ea-a4b6-31f1eedf762e" aria-label="Category: Art of Fashion: jewellery">Art of Fashion: jewellery</a></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/b70592ce-b1c6-11ea-8aea-0082f86ce467" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">Bulgari’s dynamic duo: Jean-Christophe Babin and Lucia Silvestri</a></div><p class="o-teaser__standfirst"><a href="/content/b70592ce-b1c6-11ea-8aea-0082f86ce467" data-trackable="standfirst-link" tabindex="-1" class="js-teaser-standfirst-link">The CEO and creative director reflect on design, Covid-19 and nine years of growth under LVMH</a></p></div><div class="o-teaser__image-container js-teaser-image-container"><div class="o-teaser__image-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:56.2500%;"><a href="/content/b70592ce-b1c6-11ea-8aea-0082f86ce467" data-trackable="image-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"><img class="o-teaser__image o-lazy-load" data-src="https://www.ft.com/__origami/service/image/v2/images/raw/http%3A%2F%2Fprod-upp-image-read.ft.com%2Fbce81712-b1de-11ea-a4b6-31f1eedf762e?source=next&amp;fit=scale-down&amp;compression=best&amp;width=340" alt=""/></a></div></div></div>
575 | 		</div>
576 | 	
577 | 		<div data-o-grid-colspan="12 L4">
578 | 					<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--small js-teaser" data-id="c9f69605-6daa-4ea5-a965-460dc223dedb"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><span class="o-teaser__tag-prefix">Interview</span><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/how-to-lead" aria-label="Category: How to Lead">How to Lead</a></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/c9f69605-6daa-4ea5-a965-460dc223dedb" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">Michael Johnson: Understanding what it takes to succeed</a></div><p class="o-teaser__standfirst"><a href="/content/c9f69605-6daa-4ea5-a965-460dc223dedb" data-trackable="standfirst-link" tabindex="-1" class="js-teaser-standfirst-link">The ex-Olympic champion’s experience in athletics is helping to develop new elite sportspeople and motivate others</a></p></div></div>
579 | 					<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--small js-teaser" data-id="fda8c04a-7737-4b17-bc80-d0ed5fa57c6c"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><span class="o-teaser__tag-prefix">Analysis</span><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/the-big-read" aria-label="Category: The Big Read">The Big Read</a></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/fda8c04a-7737-4b17-bc80-d0ed5fa57c6c" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">‘Everybody has their eyes on America’: Black Lives Matter goes global</a></div><p class="o-teaser__standfirst"><a href="/content/fda8c04a-7737-4b17-bc80-d0ed5fa57c6c" data-trackable="standfirst-link" tabindex="-1" class="js-teaser-standfirst-link">Calls for racial justice demonstrate how the US is still a moral and political touchstone</a></p></div></div>
580 | 		</div>
581 | 	
582 | 		<div data-o-grid-colspan="12 L4">
583 | 					<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--small js-teaser" data-id="34dc292d-280d-43a2-9f7d-99648a6e0ba5"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/work-tribes" aria-label="Category: Work Tribes">Work Tribes</a></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/34dc292d-280d-43a2-9f7d-99648a6e0ba5" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">‘This week I will be lip-syncing Jay Powell’s predictions on the US economy, yay!’</a></div></div></div>
584 | 					<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--small o-teaser--opinion js-teaser" data-id="6faa5771-19ae-40f4-8c7c-7f4bc2e4f675"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/pilita-clark" aria-label="Category: Pilita Clark">Pilita Clark</a></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/6faa5771-19ae-40f4-8c7c-7f4bc2e4f675" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">Five ways to get ahead in the office even if you’re still at home</a></div></div></div>
585 | 					<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--small js-teaser" data-id="d6c17188-b143-11ea-a4b6-31f1eedf762e"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><span class="o-teaser__tag-prefix">Review</span><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/business-books" aria-label="Category: Business books">Business books</a></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/d6c17188-b143-11ea-a4b6-31f1eedf762e" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">Summer books of 2020: Business</a></div></div></div>
586 | 		</div>
587 | 	</div>
588 | </section>
589 | 
590 | 
591 | 			<section class="o-teaser-collection js-track-scroll-event" data-trackable="markets">
592 | 			<h2 class="o-teaser-collection__heading">
593 | 				<span class="section-heading__text">
594 | 						<a href="/markets" data-trackable="section-title">Markets News</a>
595 | 				</span>
596 | 			</h2>
597 | 	<div class="o-grid-row">
598 | 		<div data-o-grid-colspan="12 L4">
599 | 					<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--large o-teaser--has-image js-teaser" data-id="10656eb0-e682-4da9-8e54-e44808ba1c7c"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/markets-briefing" aria-label="Category: Markets Briefing">Markets Briefing</a></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/10656eb0-e682-4da9-8e54-e44808ba1c7c" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">Wall Street pulls back as US coronavirus cases rise</a></div><p class="o-teaser__standfirst"><a href="/content/10656eb0-e682-4da9-8e54-e44808ba1c7c" data-trackable="standfirst-link" tabindex="-1" class="js-teaser-standfirst-link">Investor sentiment tested by surge in infections in Asia, Europe and Americas</a></p><div class="o-teaser__timestamp o-teaser__timestamp--"><time class="o-teaser__timestamp-date o-date" data-o-component="o-date" data-o-date-format="time-ago-limit-4-hours" datetime="2020-06-22T17:28:38+0000">3 hours ago</time></div></div><div class="o-teaser__image-container js-teaser-image-container"><div class="o-teaser__image-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:56.2526%;"><a href="/content/10656eb0-e682-4da9-8e54-e44808ba1c7c" data-trackable="image-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"><img class="o-teaser__image o-lazy-load" data-src="https://www.ft.com/__origami/service/image/v2/images/raw/https%3A%2F%2Fd1e00ek4ebabms.cloudfront.net%2Fproduction%2Fe8f21c59-129c-4120-b7e7-85e382bc159f.jpg?source=next&amp;fit=scale-down&amp;compression=best&amp;width=340" alt=""/></a></div></div></div>
600 | 		</div>
601 | 	
602 | 		<div data-o-grid-colspan="12 L4">
603 | 					<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--small js-teaser" data-id="4a439398-88ab-442a-9927-e743a3ff609b"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><span class="o-teaser__tag-prefix">Analysis</span><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/us-equities" aria-label="Category: US equities">US equities</a></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/4a439398-88ab-442a-9927-e743a3ff609b" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">Zero-fee trading helps Citadel Securities cash in on retail boom</a></div><p class="o-teaser__standfirst"><a href="/content/4a439398-88ab-442a-9927-e743a3ff609b" data-trackable="standfirst-link" tabindex="-1" class="js-teaser-standfirst-link">Higher volumes and wider spreads have driven outsized returns for market makers</a></p></div></div>
604 | 					<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--small js-teaser" data-id="56402251-f437-48b5-b354-730bf6b61c68"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><span class="o-teaser__tag-prefix">Analysis</span><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/ft-trading-room" aria-label="Category: FT Trading Room">FT Trading Room</a></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/56402251-f437-48b5-b354-730bf6b61c68" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">London lands $1.8bn listing of Chinese insurer via Shanghai link </a></div><p class="o-teaser__standfirst"><a href="/content/56402251-f437-48b5-b354-730bf6b61c68" data-trackable="standfirst-link" tabindex="-1" class="js-teaser-standfirst-link">Much-heralded connection between the two exchanges held up by stormy markets and low liquidity</a></p></div></div>
605 | 		</div>
606 | 	
607 | 		<div data-o-grid-colspan="12 L4">
608 | 					<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--small js-teaser" data-id="b50383cb-7d4e-4a1c-8ae7-bba3153d0bbd"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/stream/214c6ab8-1eea-48ad-99d2-ac55b0235e05" aria-label="Category: London Stock Exchange Group PLC">London Stock Exchange Group PLC</a></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/b50383cb-7d4e-4a1c-8ae7-bba3153d0bbd" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">Brussels refers LSE-Refinitiv deal for full antitrust investigation</a></div><div class="o-teaser__timestamp o-teaser__timestamp--"><time class="o-teaser__timestamp-date o-date" data-o-component="o-date" data-o-date-format="time-ago-limit-4-hours" datetime="2020-06-22T17:02:14+0000">3 hours ago</time></div></div></div>
609 | 					<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--small js-teaser" data-id="4d3ef7f2-5465-4c1b-923a-a8f9b394cb9a"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><span class="o-teaser__tag-prefix">Explainer</span><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/stream/f0a29340-05dc-4ab0-9f3b-4628b2024c77" aria-label="Category: Charts that Matter">Charts that Matter</a></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/4d3ef7f2-5465-4c1b-923a-a8f9b394cb9a" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">Small US companies squeezed hardest by Covid-19 effects</a></div></div></div>
610 | 					<div class="o-teaser o-teaser--article o-teaser--small js-teaser" data-id="10ace1d9-9d36-4332-8cdc-63de4b7d6a0e"><div class="o-teaser__content"><div class="o-teaser__meta"><a class="o-teaser__tag" data-trackable="teaser-tag" href="/stream/46bafd4e-5ff5-48ee-b737-1052a5b1279a" aria-label="Category: IPOs">IPOs</a></div><div class="o-teaser__heading"><a href="/content/10ace1d9-9d36-4332-8cdc-63de4b7d6a0e" data-trackable="heading-link" class="js-teaser-heading-link">Thai rubber gloves maker set to raise $484m to speed expansion</a></div></div></div>
611 | 		</div>
612 | 	</div>
613 | </section>
614 | 
615 | 			<section class="o-teaser-collection js-track-scroll-event" data-trackable="technology">
616 | 			<h2 class="o-teaser-collection__heading">
617 | 				<span class="section-heading__text">
618 | 						<a href="/technology" data-trackable="section-title">Technology</a>
619 | 				</span>
620 | 			</h2>
621 | 	<div class="o-grid-row">
622 | 		<div data-o-grid-colspan="12 L4">
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o-header__drawer-menu-link--parent" href="/markets" data-trackable="Markets">Markets</a><button class="o-header__drawer-menu-toggle o-header__drawer-menu-toggle--unselected" aria-controls="o-header-drawer-child-5" data-trackable="sub-level-toggle | Markets">Show more Markets</button></div><ul class="o-header__drawer-menu-list o-header__drawer-menu-list--child" id="o-header-drawer-child-5" data-trackable="sub-level"><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected o-header__drawer-menu-link--child" href="https://ftalphaville.ft.com" data-trackable="Alphaville">Alphaville</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected o-header__drawer-menu-link--child" href="https://markets.ft.com/data" data-trackable="Markets Data">Markets Data</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected o-header__drawer-menu-link--child" href="/capital-markets" data-trackable="Capital Markets">Capital Markets</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected o-header__drawer-menu-link--child" href="/commodities" data-trackable="Commodities">Commodities</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected o-header__drawer-menu-link--child" href="/currencies" data-trackable="Currencies">Currencies</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected o-header__drawer-menu-link--child" href="/equities" data-trackable="Equities">Equities</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected o-header__drawer-menu-link--child" href="/fund-management" data-trackable="Fund Management">Fund Management</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected o-header__drawer-menu-link--child" href="/ft-trading-room" data-trackable="Trading">Trading</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected o-header__drawer-menu-link--child" href="/moral-money" data-trackable="Moral Money">Moral Money</a></li></ul></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected" href="/graphics" data-trackable="Graphics">Graphics</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><div class="o-header__drawer-menu-toggle-wrapper"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected o-header__drawer-menu-link--parent" href="/opinion" data-trackable="Opinion">Opinion</a><button class="o-header__drawer-menu-toggle o-header__drawer-menu-toggle--unselected" aria-controls="o-header-drawer-child-7" data-trackable="sub-level-toggle | Opinion">Show more Opinion</button></div><ul class="o-header__drawer-menu-list o-header__drawer-menu-list--child" id="o-header-drawer-child-7" data-trackable="sub-level"><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected o-header__drawer-menu-link--child" href="/columnists" data-trackable="Columnists">Columnists</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected o-header__drawer-menu-link--child" href="/ft-view" data-trackable="The FT View">The FT View</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected o-header__drawer-menu-link--child" href="/the-big-read" data-trackable="The Big Read">The Big Read</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected o-header__drawer-menu-link--child" href="/instant-insight" data-trackable="Instant Insight">Instant Insight</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected o-header__drawer-menu-link--child" href="/lex" data-trackable="Lex">Lex</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected o-header__drawer-menu-link--child" href="https://ftalphaville.ft.com" data-trackable="Alphaville">Alphaville</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected o-header__drawer-menu-link--child" href="/obituaries" data-trackable="Obituaries">Obituaries</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected o-header__drawer-menu-link--child" href="/letters" data-trackable="Letters">Letters</a></li></ul></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><div class="o-header__drawer-menu-toggle-wrapper"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected o-header__drawer-menu-link--parent" href="/work-careers" data-trackable="Work &amp; Careers">Work &amp; Careers</a><button class="o-header__drawer-menu-toggle o-header__drawer-menu-toggle--unselected" aria-controls="o-header-drawer-child-8" data-trackable="sub-level-toggle | Work &amp; Careers">Show more Work &amp; Careers</button></div><ul class="o-header__drawer-menu-list o-header__drawer-menu-list--child" id="o-header-drawer-child-8" data-trackable="sub-level"><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected o-header__drawer-menu-link--child" href="http://rankings.ft.com/businessschoolrankings/rankings" data-trackable="Business School Rankings">Business School Rankings</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected o-header__drawer-menu-link--child" href="/business-education" data-trackable="Business Education">Business Education</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected o-header__drawer-menu-link--child" href="/entrepreneurship" data-trackable="Entrepreneurship">Entrepreneurship</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected o-header__drawer-menu-link--child" href="/recruitment" data-trackable="Recruitment">Recruitment</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected o-header__drawer-menu-link--child" href="/business-books" data-trackable="Business Books">Business Books</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected o-header__drawer-menu-link--child" href="/business-travel" data-trackable="Business Travel">Business Travel</a></li></ul></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><div class="o-header__drawer-menu-toggle-wrapper"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected o-header__drawer-menu-link--parent" href="/life-arts" data-trackable="Life &amp; Arts">Life &amp; Arts</a><button class="o-header__drawer-menu-toggle o-header__drawer-menu-toggle--unselected" aria-controls="o-header-drawer-child-9" data-trackable="sub-level-toggle | Life &amp; Arts">Show more Life &amp; Arts</button></div><ul class="o-header__drawer-menu-list o-header__drawer-menu-list--child" id="o-header-drawer-child-9" data-trackable="sub-level"><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected o-header__drawer-menu-link--child" href="/arts" data-trackable="Arts">Arts</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected o-header__drawer-menu-link--child" href="/books" data-trackable="Books">Books</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected o-header__drawer-menu-link--child" href="/food-drink" data-trackable="Food &amp; Drink">Food &amp; Drink</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected o-header__drawer-menu-link--child" href="/magazine" data-trackable="FT Magazine">FT Magazine</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected o-header__drawer-menu-link--child" href="/house-home" data-trackable="House &amp; Home">House &amp; Home</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected o-header__drawer-menu-link--child" href="/style" data-trackable="Style">Style</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected o-header__drawer-menu-link--child" href="/travel" data-trackable="Travel">Travel</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected o-header__drawer-menu-link--child" href="/globetrotter" data-trackable="FT Globetrotter">FT Globetrotter</a></li></ul></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><div class="o-header__drawer-menu-toggle-wrapper"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected o-header__drawer-menu-link--parent" href="/personal-finance" data-trackable="Personal Finance">Personal Finance</a><button class="o-header__drawer-menu-toggle o-header__drawer-menu-toggle--unselected" aria-controls="o-header-drawer-child-10" data-trackable="sub-level-toggle | Personal Finance">Show more Personal Finance</button></div><ul class="o-header__drawer-menu-list o-header__drawer-menu-list--child" id="o-header-drawer-child-10" data-trackable="sub-level"><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected o-header__drawer-menu-link--child" href="/personal-finance/mortgages" data-trackable="Property &amp; Mortgages">Property &amp; Mortgages</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected o-header__drawer-menu-link--child" href="/personal-finance/investments" data-trackable="Investments">Investments</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected o-header__drawer-menu-link--child" href="/personal-finance/pensions" data-trackable="Pensions">Pensions</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected o-header__drawer-menu-link--child" href="/personal-finance/tax" data-trackable="Tax">Tax</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected o-header__drawer-menu-link--child" href="/personal-finance/banking-savings" data-trackable="Banking &amp; Savings">Banking &amp; Savings</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected o-header__drawer-menu-link--child" href="/personal-finance/advice-commment" data-trackable="Advice &amp; Comment">Advice &amp; Comment</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected o-header__drawer-menu-link--child" href="/next-act" data-trackable="Next Act">Next Act</a></li></ul></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected" href="https://howtospendit.ft.com/" data-trackable="How to Spend It">How to Spend It</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected" href="/special-reports" data-trackable="Special Reports">Special Reports</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item o-header__drawer-menu-item--heading">FT recommends</li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected" href="/lex" data-trackable="Lex">Lex</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected" href="https://ftalphaville.ft.com" data-trackable="Alphaville">Alphaville</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected" href="/lunch-with-the-ft" data-trackable="Lunch with the FT">Lunch with the FT</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected" href="/globetrotter" data-trackable="FT Globetrotter">FT Globetrotter</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected" href="https://www.ft.com/tech-scroll-asia" data-trackable="Tech Scroll Asia">Tech Scroll Asia</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected" href="/moral-money" data-trackable="Moral Money">Moral Money</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected" href="/ftfm" data-trackable="FTfm">FTfm</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected" href="/newsletters" data-trackable="Newsletters">Newsletters</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected" href="/video" data-trackable="Video">Video</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected" href="https://www.ft.com/podcasts" data-trackable="Podcasts">Podcasts</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected" href="/news-feed" data-trackable="News feed">News feed</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item o-header__drawer-menu-item--divide"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected o-header__drawer-menu-link--secondary" href="/myft" data-trackable="myFT">myFT</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item "><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected o-header__drawer-menu-link--secondary" href="https://markets.ft.com/data/portfolio/dashboard" data-trackable="Portfolio">Portfolio</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item "><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected o-header__drawer-menu-link--secondary" href="https://www.ft.com/todaysnewspaper" data-trackable="Today&#x27;s Newspaper (ePaper)">Today&#x27;s Newspaper (ePaper)</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item "><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected o-header__drawer-menu-link--secondary" href="https://www.ft.com/crossword" data-trackable="Crossword">Crossword</a></li><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item "><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link o-header__drawer-menu-link--unselected o-header__drawer-menu-link--secondary" href="https://www.ft.com/tour/apps" data-trackable="Our Apps">Our Apps</a></li></ul></nav><nav class="o-header__drawer-menu o-header__drawer-menu--user" data-trackable="user-nav"><ul class="o-header__drawer-menu-list"><li class="o-header__drawer-menu-item"><a class="o-header__drawer-menu-link" href="http://help.ft.com" data-trackable="Help Centre">Help Centre</a></li><li 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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/tests/fixtures/prices/blockchain.json:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | {
 2 |   "timestamp": 1.592846815e12,
 3 |   "market_price_usd": 9481.0,
 4 |   "hash_rate": 1.1769958431900337e11,
 5 |   "total_fees_btc": 3190058958,
 6 |   "n_btc_mined": 93750000000,
 7 |   "n_tx": 285056,
 8 |   "n_blocks_mined": 150,
 9 |   "minutes_between_blocks": 8.9799,
10 |   "totalbc": 1841172500000000,
11 |   "n_blocks_total": 635876,
12 |   "estimated_transaction_volume_usd": 1.1197522969237747e9,
13 |   "blocks_size": 159740202,
14 |   "miners_revenue_usd": 9190886.989807978,
15 |   "nextretarget": 637055,
16 |   "difficulty": 15784744305477,
17 |   "estimated_btc_sent": 11810487257924,
18 |   "miners_revenue_btc": 969,
19 |   "total_btc_sent": 73226203602396,
20 |   "trade_volume_btc": 7810.62,
21 |   "trade_volume_usd": 7.405248822e7
22 | }
23 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/tests/fixtures/prices/coingecko.json:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | {
 2 |   "rates": {
 3 |     "btc": { "name": "Bitcoin", "unit": "BTC", "value": 1.0, "type": "crypto" },
 4 |     "eth": { "name": "Ether", "unit": "ETH", "value": 39.244, "type": "crypto" },
 5 |     "ltc": { "name": "Litecoin", "unit": "LTC", "value": 216.209, "type": "crypto" },
 6 |     "bch": { "name": "Bitcoin Cash", "unit": "BCH", "value": 39.903, "type": "crypto" },
 7 |     "bnb": { "name": "Binance Coin", "unit": "BNB", "value": 584.954, "type": "crypto" },
 8 |     "eos": { "name": "EOS", "unit": "EOS", "value": 3711.637, "type": "crypto" },
 9 |     "xrp": { "name": "XRP", "unit": "XRP", "value": 50654.76, "type": "crypto" },
10 |     "xlm": { "name": "Lumens", "unit": "XLM", "value": 134332.162, "type": "crypto" },
11 |     "usd": { "name": "US Dollar", "unit": "$", "value": 9592.789, "type": "fiat" },
12 |     "aed": { "name": "United Arab Emirates Dirham", "unit": "DH", "value": 35234.315, "type": "fiat" },
13 |     "ars": { "name": "Argentine Peso", "unit": "$", "value": 671255.435, "type": "fiat" },
14 |     "aud": { "name": "Australian Dollar", "unit": "A$", "value": 13869.964, "type": "fiat" },
15 |     "bdt": { "name": "Bangladeshi Taka", "unit": "৳", "value": 814419.557, "type": "fiat" },
16 |     "bhd": { "name": "Bahraini Dinar", "unit": "BD", "value": 3618.026, "type": "fiat" },
17 |     "bmd": { "name": "Bermudian Dollar", "unit": "$", "value": 9592.789, "type": "fiat" },
18 |     "brl": { "name": "Brazil Real", "unit": "R$", "value": 50329.528, "type": "fiat" },
19 |     "cad": { "name": "Canadian Dollar", "unit": "CA$", "value": 12986.593, "type": "fiat" },
20 |     "chf": { "name": "Swiss Franc", "unit": "Fr.", "value": 9089.426, "type": "fiat" },
21 |     "clp": { "name": "Chilean Peso", "unit": "CLP$", "value": 7842105.299, "type": "fiat" },
22 |     "cny": { "name": "Chinese Yuan", "unit": "¥", "value": 67805.672, "type": "fiat" },
23 |     "czk": { "name": "Czech Koruna", "unit": "Kč", "value": 227151.486, "type": "fiat" },
24 |     "dkk": { "name": "Danish Krone", "unit": "kr.", "value": 63520.918, "type": "fiat" },
25 |     "eur": { "name": "Euro", "unit": "€", "value": 8520.641, "type": "fiat" },
26 |     "gbp": { "name": "British Pound Sterling", "unit": "£", "value": 7697.532, "type": "fiat" },
27 |     "hkd": { "name": "Hong Kong Dollar", "unit": "HK$", "value": 74347.474, "type": "fiat" },
28 |     "huf": { "name": "Hungarian Forint", "unit": "Ft", "value": 2957948.877, "type": "fiat" },
29 |     "idr": { "name": "Indonesian Rupiah", "unit": "Rp", "value": 136491003.376, "type": "fiat" },
30 |     "ils": { "name": "Israeli New Shekel", "unit": "₪", "value": 32974.158, "type": "fiat" },
31 |     "inr": { "name": "Indian Rupee", "unit": "₹", "value": 726448.018, "type": "fiat" },
32 |     "jpy": { "name": "Japanese Yen", "unit": "¥", "value": 1025685.979, "type": "fiat" },
33 |     "krw": { "name": "South Korean Won", "unit": "₩", "value": 11604349.322, "type": "fiat" },
34 |     "kwd": { "name": "Kuwaiti Dinar", "unit": "KD", "value": 2952.785, "type": "fiat" },
35 |     "lkr": { "name": "Sri Lankan Rupee", "unit": "Rs", "value": 1791061.556, "type": "fiat" },
36 |     "mmk": { "name": "Burmese Kyat", "unit": "K", "value": 13368204.001, "type": "fiat" },
37 |     "mxn": { "name": "Mexican Peso", "unit": "MX$", "value": 215210.938, "type": "fiat" },
38 |     "myr": { "name": "Malaysian Ringgit", "unit": "RM", "value": 41033.156, "type": "fiat" },
39 |     "nok": { "name": "Norwegian Krone", "unit": "kr", "value": 91985.986, "type": "fiat" },
40 |     "nzd": { "name": "New Zealand Dollar", "unit": "NZ$", "value": 14783.044, "type": "fiat" },
41 |     "php": { "name": "Philippine Peso", "unit": "₱", "value": 480815.304, "type": "fiat" },
42 |     "pkr": { "name": "Pakistani Rupee", "unit": "₨", "value": 1598878.166, "type": "fiat" },
43 |     "pln": { "name": "Polish Zloty", "unit": "zł", "value": 37848.935, "type": "fiat" },
44 |     "rub": { "name": "Russian Ruble", "unit": "₽", "value": 661936.999, "type": "fiat" },
45 |     "sar": { "name": "Saudi Riyal", "unit": "SR", "value": 35993.421, "type": "fiat" },
46 |     "sek": { "name": "Swedish Krona", "unit": "kr", "value": 89889.203, "type": "fiat" },
47 |     "sgd": { "name": "Singapore Dollar", "unit": "S$", "value": 13356.549, "type": "fiat" },
48 |     "thb": { "name": "Thai Baht", "unit": "฿", "value": 296800.902, "type": "fiat" },
49 |     "try": { "name": "Turkish Lira", "unit": "₺", "value": 65661.3, "type": "fiat" },
50 |     "twd": { "name": "New Taiwan Dollar", "unit": "NT$", "value": 283865.016, "type": "fiat" },
51 |     "uah": { "name": "Ukrainian hryvnia", "unit": "₴", "value": 255875.003, "type": "fiat" },
52 |     "vef": { "name": "Venezuelan bolívar fuerte", "unit": "Bs.F", "value": 2383689610.009, "type": "fiat" },
53 |     "vnd": { "name": "Vietnamese đồng", "unit": "₫", "value": 221808163.553, "type": "fiat" },
54 |     "zar": { "name": "South African Rand", "unit": "R", "value": 165951.658, "type": "fiat" },
55 |     "xdr": { "name": "IMF Special Drawing Rights", "unit": "XDR", "value": 6956.115, "type": "fiat" },
56 |     "xag": { "name": "Silver - Troy Ounce", "unit": "XAG", "value": 538.74, "type": "commodity" },
57 |     "xau": { "name": "Gold - Troy Ounce", "unit": "XAU", "value": 5.462, "type": "commodity" }
58 |   }
59 | }
60 | 


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/tests/fixtures/prices/gemini.json:
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 1 | {
 2 |   "bid": "9588.69",
 3 |   "ask": "9590.77",
 4 |   "volume": {
 5 |     "BTC": "1214.8978731205",
 6 |     "USD": "11497726.88979201853",
 7 |     "timestamp": 1592847300000
 8 |   },
 9 |   "last": "9588.67"
10 | }
11 | 


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/tests/fixtures/utils.py:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | import json
 2 | 
 3 | 
 4 | def json_fixture(path):
 5 |     json_string = open(f"./tests/fixtures/{path}").read()
 6 |     json_dict = json.loads(json_string)
 7 |     json_string_with_formatting_removed = json.dumps(json_dict)
 8 |     return json_string_with_formatting_removed
 9 | 
10 | def string_fixture(path):
11 |     return open(f"./tests/fixtures/{path}").read()
12 | 


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/tests/integration/test_main.py:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  1 | from unittest.mock import call, patch
  2 | 
  3 | import pytest
  4 | from aioresponses import aioresponses
  5 | from yarl import URL
  6 | 
  7 | from index import handler
  8 | from tests.fixtures.utils import json_fixture, string_fixture
  9 | 
 10 | 
 11 | @patch("index.aiobotocore")
 12 | @patch("scripts.bitcoin_news.current_time", return_value="2020-01-01T00:00:00.000")
 13 | @patch("scripts.bitcoin_price.current_time", return_value="2020-01-01T00:00:00.000")
 14 | def test_handler_fetches_from_http_and_writes_to_s3(_, __, mock_aiobotocore, capsys):
 15 |     with aioresponses() as mock_aioresponses:
 16 |         """
 17 |         Given the news endpoints return fixture data
 18 |         """
 19 |         mock_aioresponses.get(
 20 |             "https://www.bbc.co.uk/news",
 21 |             body=string_fixture("news/bbc.txt"),
 22 |             status=200
 23 |         ),
 24 |         mock_aioresponses.get(
 25 |             "https://www.wsj.com/",
 26 |             body=string_fixture("news/wsj.txt"),
 27 |             status=200
 28 |         ),
 29 |         mock_aioresponses.get(
 30 |             "https://www.ft.com/",
 31 |             body=string_fixture("news/ft.txt"),
 32 |             status=200
 33 |         ),
 34 |         mock_aioresponses.get(
 35 |             "https://uk.finance.yahoo.com/",
 36 |             body=string_fixture("news/yahoo.txt"),
 37 |             status=200
 38 |         ),
 39 |         mock_aioresponses.get(
 40 |             "https://www.coindesk.com/",
 41 |             body=string_fixture("news/coindesk.txt"),
 42 |             status=200
 43 |         )
 44 | 
 45 |         """
 46 |         And given the prices endpoints return fixture data
 47 |         """
 48 |         mock_aioresponses.get(
 49 |             "https://api.coingecko.com/api/v3/exchange_rates",
 50 |             body=string_fixture("prices/coingecko.json"),
 51 |             status=200
 52 |         ),
 53 |         mock_aioresponses.get(
 54 |             "https://api.gemini.com/v1/pubticker/btcusd",
 55 |             body=string_fixture("prices/gemini.json"),
 56 |             status=200
 57 |         ),
 58 |         mock_aioresponses.get(
 59 |             "https://api.blockchain.info/stats",
 60 |             body=string_fixture("prices/blockchain.json"),
 61 |             status=200
 62 |         )
 63 | 
 64 |         """
 65 |         When the lambda handler is called
 66 |         """
 67 |         handler(None, None)
 68 | 
 69 |         """
 70 |         Then HTTP calls have been made
 71 |         """
 72 |         expected_urls = ["https://www.bbc.co.uk/news",
 73 |                          "https://www.wsj.com/",
 74 |                          "https://www.ft.com/",
 75 |                          "https://uk.finance.yahoo.com/",
 76 |                          "https://www.coindesk.com/",
 77 |                          "https://api.coingecko.com/api/v3/exchange_rates",
 78 |                          "https://api.gemini.com/v1/pubticker/btcusd",
 79 |                          "https://api.blockchain.info/stats"]
 80 | 
 81 |         for url in expected_urls:
 82 |             assert ('GET', URL(url)) in mock_aioresponses.requests
 83 | 
 84 |         """
 85 |         And S3 put_object has been called with documents matching fixtures
 86 |         """
 87 |         mock_session = mock_aiobotocore.get_session.return_value
 88 |         mock_context_manager = mock_session.create_client.return_value
 89 |         mock_client = mock_context_manager.__aenter__.return_value
 90 |         mock_put_object = mock_client.put_object
 91 | 
 92 |         assert call(
 93 |             Body=json_fixture("documents/bitcoin_price.json"),
 94 |             Bucket='mock-bucket-name',
 95 |             ContentDisposition='inline',
 96 |             ContentType='application/json',
 97 |             Key='bitcoin_price.json',
 98 |         ) in mock_put_object.mock_calls
 99 | 
100 |         assert call(
101 |             Body=json_fixture("documents/bitcoin_news.json"),
102 |             Bucket='mock-bucket-name',
103 |             ContentDisposition='inline',
104 |             ContentType='application/json',
105 |             Key='bitcoin_news.json',
106 |         ) in mock_put_object.mock_calls
107 | 
108 |         """
109 |         And logs have been written
110 |         """
111 |         log = capsys.readouterr().out
112 |         assert "bitcoin_price written." in log
113 |         assert "bitcoin_news written." in log
114 | 
115 | 
116 | @patch("index.aiobotocore")
117 | @patch("scripts.bitcoin_news.current_time", return_value="2020-01-01T00:00:00.000")
118 | @patch("scripts.bitcoin_price.current_time", return_value="2020-01-01T00:00:00.000")
119 | def test_handler_raises_global_exception_for_bad_request_after_all_scripts_completed(_, __, mock_aiobotocore, capsys):
120 |     with aioresponses() as mock_aioresponses:
121 |         """
122 |         Given some news endpoints return 500
123 |         """
124 |         mock_aioresponses.get("https://www.bbc.co.uk/news", status=500),
125 |         mock_aioresponses.get("https://www.wsj.com/", status=500),
126 |         mock_aioresponses.get("https://www.ft.com/", status=200),
127 |         mock_aioresponses.get("https://uk.finance.yahoo.com/", status=200),
128 |         mock_aioresponses.get("https://www.coindesk.com/", status=200)
129 | 
130 |         """
131 |         And given a price endpoint returns 400
132 |         """
133 |         mock_aioresponses.get(
134 |             "https://api.coingecko.com/api/v3/exchange_rates", status=400
135 |         ),
136 |         mock_aioresponses.get(
137 |             "https://api.gemini.com/v1/pubticker/btcusd", status=200
138 |         ),
139 |         mock_aioresponses.get(
140 |             "https://api.blockchain.info/stats", status=200
141 |         )
142 | 
143 |         """
144 |         When the lambda handler is called then an exception is raised
145 |         """
146 |         with pytest.raises(RuntimeError) as err:
147 |             handler(None, None)
148 | 
149 |             """
150 |             And the stdout explains that both scripts failed
151 |             """
152 |             captured = capsys.readouterr()
153 |             assert "bitcoin_price failed" in captured.out
154 |             assert "bitcoin_news failed" in captured.out
155 | 
156 |             """
157 |             And the stderr details both HTTP exceptions, one from each script
158 |             """
159 |             assert "ClientResponseError: 400, message='Bad Request'" in captured.err
160 |             assert "ClientResponseError: 500, message='Internal Server Error'" in captured.err
161 | 


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