├── .gitignore ├── LICENSE ├── README.md ├── ftp_server.py ├── requirements.txt ├── scratch.md └── serial /.gitignore: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | uploads/* 2 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /LICENSE: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE 2 | Version 3, 29 June 2007 3 | 4 | Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 5 | Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies 6 | of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. 7 | 8 | Preamble 9 | 10 | The GNU General Public License is a free, copyleft license for 11 | software and other kinds of works. 12 | 13 | The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed 14 | to take away your freedom to share and change the works. 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It is safest 630 | to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively 631 | state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least 632 | the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found. 633 | 634 | 635 | Copyright (C) 636 | 637 | This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify 638 | it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by 639 | the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or 640 | (at your option) any later version. 641 | 642 | This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 643 | but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 644 | MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 645 | GNU General Public License for more details. 646 | 647 | You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License 648 | along with this program. If not, see . 649 | 650 | Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail. 651 | 652 | If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short 653 | notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode: 654 | 655 | Copyright (C) 656 | This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'. 657 | This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it 658 | under certain conditions; type `show c' for details. 659 | 660 | The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate 661 | parts of the General Public License. Of course, your program's commands 662 | might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an "about box". 663 | 664 | You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school, 665 | if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary. 666 | For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see 667 | . 668 | 669 | The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program 670 | into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you 671 | may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with 672 | the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General 673 | Public License instead of this License. But first, please read 674 | . 675 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # Cisco Cheetsheet 2 | 3 | **Cisco CLI Reference, Howtos, and Tools** 4 | 5 | _Warning, use at your own risk. I created these scripts with an educational mindset while studying for my CCNA_ 6 | 7 | ## Quick Navigtation 8 | 9 | ### Quick Snippets & Scripts 10 | - [Intialize](#intialize) 11 | - [Basic Config](#basic-config) 12 | - [Assign Static IP to Interface](#assign-static-ip-to-interface) 13 | - [Snippet: Enable Router DHCP Server](#snippet-enable-router-dhcp-server) 14 | - [Snippet: Enable Switch DHCP Server](#snippet-enable-switch-dhcp-server) 15 | - [Nuking (ROMMON, Password Recovery, etc)](#nuking-rommon-password-recovery-etc) 16 | - [Howto: File Transfer Over Console (linux / xmodem)](#file-transfer-over-console-linux--xmodem) 17 | - [Access Console over USB on Linux](#access-console-over-usb-on-linux) 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | ### General Sections 22 | * [Basic Networking](#basic-networking) 23 | + [Basic Setup](#setup) 24 | + [Interfaces](#interfaces) 25 | + [DHCP](#dhcp) 26 | * [Intermediate Networking](#intermediate-networking) 27 | + [VLANs](#vlans) 28 | + [Trunks](#trunks) 29 | + [Etherchannel](#etherchannel) 30 | + [Dynamic Trunking Protocol (DTP)](#dtp-dynamic-trunking-protocol) 31 | + [Routing](#routing) 32 | + [Spanning Tree Protocol](#spaning-tree-protocol) 33 | * [Advanced Networking](#advanced-networking) 34 | + [OSPFv2](#ospfv2) 35 | * [How To's](#how-tos) 36 | + [FTP Server Usage](#ftp-server-usage) 37 | + [Access Console over USB on Linux](#access-console-over-usb-on-linux) 38 | * [Tools](#tools) 39 | 40 | ## Full Navigation 41 | 42 | * [Basic Networking](#basic-networking) 43 | + [Setup](#setup) 44 | - [Intialize](#intialize) 45 | - [Basic Switch Config](#basic-switch-config) 46 | - [Basic Router Config](#basic-router-config) 47 | - [Basic Config with Password Security](#basic-config-with-password-security) 48 | - [Basic Security](#basic-security) 49 | - [Configure SSH](#configure-ssh) 50 | - [Set Clock](#set-clock) 51 | - [Basic Hardening (Work Needed)](#basic-hardening-work-needed) 52 | - [Backup config over FTP](#backup-config-over-ftp) 53 | - [Backup config over console](#backup-config-over-console) 54 | - [Restore Config](#restore-config) 55 | - [Nuking (ROMMON, Password Recovery, etc)](#nuking-rommon-password-recovery-etc) 56 | + [Interfaces](#interfaces) 57 | - [Interface Selection](#interface-selection) 58 | - [Assign Static IP to Interface](#assign-static-ip-to-interface) 59 | - [Interface Ranges](#interface-ranges) 60 | + [Interface Verification](#interface-verification) 61 | - [Remove IP Addresses](#remove-ip-addresses) 62 | + [Console Port](#console-port) 63 | - [Change Console Baudrate](#change-console-baudrate) 64 | + [DHCP](#dhcp) 65 | - [Snippet: Enable Router DHCP Server](#snippet-enable-router-dhcp-server) 66 | - [Snippet: Enable Switch DHCP Server](#snippet-enable-switch-dhcp-server) 67 | - [Create DHCP Pool](#create-dhcp-pool) 68 | - [DHCP Verification](#dhcp-verification) 69 | - [Disable DHCP](#disable-dhcp) 70 | - [Re-enabled DHCP](#re-enabled-dhcp) 71 | - [Create VLAN DHCP](#create-vlan-dhcp) 72 | - [Verify DHCP Pool](#verify-dhcp-pool) 73 | - [Delete DHCP Pool](#delete-dhcp-pool) 74 | * [Intermediate Networking](#intermediate-networking) 75 | + [VLANs](#vlans) 76 | - [VLAN Creation](#vlan-creation) 77 | - [Port Assignment](#port-assignment) 78 | - [IP Assignemnt](#ip-assignemnt) 79 | - [Verification](#verification) 80 | - [Voice and Data VLAN](#voice-and-data-vlan) 81 | - [Management VLAN](#management-vlan) 82 | - [Delete VLANS on file](#delete-vlans-on-file) 83 | - [Delete VLANS in memory](#delete-vlans-in-memory) 84 | - [Inter-VLAN Routing](#inter-vlan-routing) 85 | + [Trunks](#trunks) 86 | - [Create multi-switch vlan trunk](#create-multi-switch-vlan-trunk) 87 | - [Trunk Verification](#trunk-verification) 88 | + [EtherChannel](#etherchannel) 89 | - [Configure EtherChannel](#configure-etherchannel) 90 | - [Verify EtherChannel](#verify-etherchannel) 91 | + [DTP (Dynamic Trunking Protocol)](#dtp-dynamic-trunking-protocol) 92 | - [Configure DTP](#configure-dtp) 93 | - [Disable DTP](#disable-dtp) 94 | - [Verify DTP](#verify-dtp) 95 | * [Advanced Networking](#advanced-networking) 96 | + [OSPFv2](#ospfv2) 97 | - [OSPF Router IDs](#ospf-router-ids) 98 | * [All Commands](#all-commands) 99 | * [Enable router OSPF process](#enable-router-ospf-process) 100 | * [Configure Loopback](#configure-loopback) 101 | * [Configure OSPF Router ID](#configure-ospf-router-id) 102 | * [Modify OSPF router ID](#modify-ospf-router-id) 103 | - [OSPF - Point-to-Point Networks](#ospf---point-to-point-networks) 104 | * [Network Command Syntax](#network-command-syntax) 105 | * [Configure OSPF With Network Command](#configure-ospf-with-network-command) 106 | * [Use Entire Gigabit Interfaces](#use-entire-gigabit-interfaces) 107 | * [Configure OSPF with `ip ospf`](#configure-ospf-with-ip-ospf) 108 | * [OSPF Passive Interfaces](#ospf-passive-interfaces) 109 | * [Find Designated Router and Backup](#find-designated-router-and-backup) 110 | * [Change OSPF from Broadcast to Point-to-Point](#change-ospf-from-broadcast-to-point-to-point) 111 | * [Loopback and P2P Networks](#loopback-and-p2p-networks) 112 | - [Multiaccess OSPF Networks](#multiaccess-ospf-networks) 113 | * [Configure OSPF Priority](#configure-ospf-priority) 114 | - [Modifying Single Area OSPF](#modifying-single-area-ospf) 115 | * [Adjusting Reference Bandwidth](#adjusting-reference-bandwidth) 116 | * [Manually Set OSPF Link Cost](#manually-set-ospf-link-cost) 117 | * [Show OSPF Hello Packet Intervals](#show-ospf-hello-packet-intervals) 118 | * [Set OSPF Hello Packet Intervals](#set-ospf-hello-packet-intervals) 119 | * [Set OSPF Dead Interval](#set-ospf-dead-interval) 120 | - [OSPF Default Routes](#ospf-default-routes) 121 | * [Propogate Default Route](#propogate-default-route) 122 | * [Verify Propogated Default Route](#verify-propogated-default-route) 123 | - [Verify Single-Area OSPF](#verify-single-area-ospf) 124 | * [Verify OSPF Neighbors](#verify-ospf-neighbors) 125 | * [Verify OSPF Protocols](#verify-ospf-protocols) 126 | * [Verify OSPF Process Info](#verify-ospf-process-info) 127 | * [Verify OSPF Interface Setting](#verify-ospf-interface-setting) 128 | * [How To's](#how-tos) 129 | + [FTP Server Usage](#ftp-server-usage) 130 | + [Install Packet Tracer on Fedora Workstation](#install-packet-tracer-on-fedora-workstation) 131 | + [Console Access with `minicom` on Linux](#console-access-with-minicom-on-linux) 132 | + [Configure Serial Port with `stty` on Linux](#configure-serial-port-with-stty-on-linux) 133 | * [Tools](#tools) 134 | + [Subnetting/Calcuation](#subnettingcalcuation) 135 | - [ipcalc (*nix)](#ipcalc-nix) 136 | - [sipcalc (*nix)](#sipcalc-nix) 137 | - [whatmask (*nix)](#whatmask-nix) 138 | 139 | ## Basic Networking 140 | 141 | ### Setup 142 | --- 143 | 144 | #### Intialize 145 | 146 | These commands wipe all config and reboot the device 147 | 148 | ``` 149 | erase startup-config 150 | delete vlan.dat 151 | reload 152 | ``` 153 | 154 | **Note:** Remeber to say "no" to saving running config on reload. If you say yes, running config will be saved and you wont be working with fresh config on reload. 155 | 156 | #### Basic Switch Config 157 | 158 | ``` 159 | configure terminal 160 | no ip domain-lookup 161 | hostname S1 162 | line console 0 163 | logging synchronous 164 | exit 165 | banner motd $ Authorized Access Only! And Godzilla will beat Kong any day $ 166 | exit 167 | copy running-config startup-config 168 | ``` 169 | 170 | #### Basic Router Config 171 | 172 | ``` 173 | configure terminal 174 | no ip domain-lookup 175 | hostname R1 176 | line console 0 177 | logging synchronous 178 | exit 179 | banner motd $ Authorized Access Only! And Godzilla will beat Kong any day $ 180 | exit 181 | copy running-config startup-config 182 | ``` 183 | 184 | #### Basic Config with Password Security 185 | 186 | _pastable_ 187 | 188 | ``` 189 | configure terminal 190 | no ip domain-lookup 191 | hostname R1 192 | line console 0 193 | logging synchronous 194 | exit 195 | banner motd $ Authorized Access Only! And Godzilla will beat Kong any day $ 196 | exit 197 | copy running-config startup-config 198 | conf t 199 | enable secret class 200 | line console 0 201 | password cisco 202 | login 203 | exit 204 | line vty 0 4 205 | password cisco 206 | login 207 | exit 208 | service password-encryption 209 | end 210 | copy running-config startup-config 211 | ``` 212 | 213 | #### Basic Security 214 | 215 | ``` 216 | conf t 217 | enable secret class 218 | line console 0 219 | password cisco 220 | login 221 | exit 222 | line vty 0 4 223 | password cisco 224 | login 225 | exit 226 | service password-encryption 227 | end 228 | ``` 229 | 230 | #### Configure SSH 231 | 232 | ``` 233 | show ip ssh 234 | conf t 235 | ip domain-name cisco.com 236 | crypto key generate rsa 237 | 238 | username admin secret ccna 239 | line vty 0 15 240 | transport input ssh 241 | login local 242 | exit 243 | ip ssh version 2 244 | exit 245 | ``` 246 | 247 | #### Set Clock 248 | 249 | *Show Clock* 250 | 251 | ``` 252 | show clock 253 | ``` 254 | 255 | *Sets clock to eastern US time* 256 | 257 | ``` 258 | clock timezone EST -5 259 | ``` 260 | 261 | *Revert to Default Timezone* 262 | 263 | ``` 264 | no clock timezone 265 | ``` 266 | 267 | #### Basic Hardening (Work Needed) 268 | 269 | ``` 270 | conf t 271 | ! Logout timer 272 | ! 273 | line con 0 274 | exec-timeout 5 275 | line vty 0 4 276 | exec-timeout 5 277 | 278 | exit 279 | 280 | ip ssh time-out 60 281 | ip ssh authentication-retries 3 282 | end 283 | ``` 284 | 285 | #### Backup config over FTP 286 | 287 | *Using included [FTP server](#ftp-server-usage)* 288 | 289 | ``` 290 | copy running-config startup-config 291 | copy startup-config ftp://192.168.1.10/config.txt 292 | ``` 293 | 294 | #### Backup config over console 295 | 296 | _coming soon_ 297 | 298 | #### Restore Config 299 | ``` 300 | copy ftp://192.168.1.10/config.txt running-config 301 | ``` 302 | 303 | #### Nuking (ROMMON, Password Recovery, etc) 304 | 305 | *Perform a Boot Interupt to Recover a lost or unknown password* 306 | 307 | **WARNING**: This operation will delete all current config on the device 308 | 309 | 1. Ensure Console Cable is connected at 9600 Baudrate 310 | 2. Backup config if you need 311 | 3. Unplug Power 312 | 4. Wait for a few seconds 313 | 5. Re-insert the power cord to the switch 314 | 6. Within 15 seconds, hold the `Mode` button until the green flashing light flashes amber and then returns to flashing green. Release the `Mode` button. 315 | 7. Something like the following should display: 316 | 317 | ``` 318 | initialize the flash file system, and finish loading the operating system software# 319 | 320 | flash_init 321 | load_helper 322 | boot 323 | ``` 324 | 8. Run `flash_init` 325 | 9. Run `copy flash:config.text flash:config.text.old` 326 | 10. Run `boot` 327 | 328 | The device should now boot with no config and grant you access to it. 329 | 330 | 331 | ### Interfaces 332 | --- 333 | 334 | 335 | #### Interface Selection 336 | 337 | *Assign and IP address to a port* 338 | ``` 339 | conf t 340 | int f0/1 341 | ip addr 192.168.10.11 255.255.255.0 342 | end 343 | ``` 344 | 345 | #### Assign Static IP to Interface 346 | 347 | ``` 348 | conf t 349 | int g0/0 350 | ip addr 10.0.0.10 255.255.255.0 351 | ``` 352 | 353 | #### Interface Ranges 354 | 355 | *Assign and IP address to a port* 356 | ``` 357 | conf t 358 | int f0/1 359 | ip addr 192.168.10.11 255.255.255.0 360 | end 361 | ``` 362 | 363 | *Select Single Range and Assign to a VLAN* 364 | ``` 365 | conf t 366 | int range f0/1-12 367 | switchport mode access 368 | switch access vlan 10 369 | end 370 | ``` 371 | 372 | ``` 373 | conf t 374 | int range f0/13-24 375 | switchport mode access 376 | switchport access vlan 20 377 | end 378 | ``` 379 | 380 | *Select Multiple Interface Ranges and Move to a VLAN* 381 | ``` 382 | conf t 383 | int range f0/1-4,g0/1,f0/16-20 384 | switchport mode access 385 | switchport access vlan 10 386 | end 387 | ``` 388 | 389 | ### Interface Verification 390 | 391 | ``` 392 | show ip interface brief 393 | ``` 394 | 395 | *or* 396 | 397 | ``` 398 | show ip int br 399 | ``` 400 | 401 | #### Remove IP Addresses 402 | 403 | ``` 404 | conf t 405 | int f0/1 406 | no ip addr 407 | end 408 | ``` 409 | 410 | ### Console Port 411 | 412 | #### Change Console Baudrate 413 | 414 | ``` 415 | conf t 416 | line con 0 417 | speed 115200 418 | end 419 | ``` 420 | 421 | ``` 422 | conf t 423 | line con 0 424 | speed 9600 425 | end 426 | ``` 427 | 428 | ### DHCP 429 | --- 430 | 431 | #### Snippet: Enable Router DHCP Server 432 | 433 | This snippet configures a DHCP Server on R1 and will hand out 434 | IPs on the `10.0.0.1/24` network. Great for using an [FTP Server](#ftp-server-usage) with. 435 | 436 | ``` 437 | conf t 438 | ip domain name cisco.com 439 | ip dhcp excluded-address 10.0.0.1 440 | ip dhcp pool test 441 | network 10.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 442 | default-router 10.0.0.1 443 | end 444 | ``` 445 | 446 | #### Snippet: Enable Switch DHCP Server 447 | 448 | ``` 449 | ip dhcp pool test 450 | network 10.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 451 | domain-name cisco.com 452 | default-router 10.0.0.1 453 | dns-server 10.0.0.1 454 | lease 4 455 | ip dhcp snooping 456 | ip dhcp-server 10.0.0.3 457 | interface vlan 1 458 | ip address 10.0.0.3 459 | ``` 460 | 461 | #### Create DHCP Pool 462 | 463 | *Workaround for CCNA labs at Liberty University since we can't change the LAB IP addresses* 464 | 465 | ``` 466 | conf t 467 | ip domain name cisco.com 468 | ip dhcp excluded-address 10.0.0.1 469 | ip dhcp pool managementpool 470 | network 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0 471 | default-router 10.0.0.1 472 | end 473 | ``` 474 | 475 | ``` 476 | conf t 477 | ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.10.1 478 | ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.10.254 479 | ip dhcp pool office-pool-1 480 | network 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 481 | default-router 192.168.10.1 482 | dns-server 192.168.5.5 483 | domain-name linux.org 484 | end 485 | ``` 486 | 487 | #### DHCP Verification 488 | 489 | ``` 490 | show running-config | section dhcp 491 | show ip dhcp binding 492 | show ip dhcp server statistics 493 | ``` 494 | 495 | #### Disable DHCP 496 | 497 | ``` 498 | conf t 499 | no service dhcp 500 | end 501 | ``` 502 | 503 | #### Re-enabled DHCP 504 | 505 | ``` 506 | conf t 507 | service dhcp 508 | end 509 | ``` 510 | 511 | #### Create VLAN DHCP 512 | 513 | *Creates a Seperate DHCP Pool for each VLAN* 514 | 515 | *Create VLANS* 516 | ``` 517 | conf t 518 | vlan 10 519 | name Management 520 | vlan 20 521 | name Sales 522 | vlan 30 523 | name Operations 524 | end 525 | ``` 526 | 527 | *Configure SVI's and IP Address* 528 | 529 | | VLAN | IP Address | Gateway 530 | |------|------------|--------| 531 | | 10 | 192.168.10.254 | 192.168.10.1 532 | | 20 | 192.168.20.254 | 192.168.20.1| 533 | | 30 | 192.168.30.254 | 192.168.30.1| 534 | 535 | ``` 536 | conf t 537 | int vlan 10 538 | ip address 192.168.10.254 255.255.255.0 539 | ip default-gateway 192.168.10.1 540 | no shut 541 | 542 | int vlan 20 543 | ip address 192.168.20.254 255.255.255.0 544 | ip default-gateway 192.168.20.1 545 | no shut 546 | 547 | int vlan 30 548 | ip address 192.168.30.254 255.255.255.0 549 | ip default-gateway 192.168.30.1 550 | no shut 551 | end 552 | ``` 553 | 554 | *Add interfaces to VLANS, 8 ports per vlan* 555 | 556 | ``` 557 | conf t 558 | int range f0/1-7 559 | switchport mode access 560 | switchport access vlan 10 561 | 562 | int range f0/8-15 563 | switchport mode access 564 | switchport access vlan 20 565 | 566 | int range f0/16-24 567 | switchport mode access 568 | switchport access vlan 30 569 | end 570 | ``` 571 | 572 | *Create DHCP Pools for each vlan* 573 | 574 | ``` 575 | conf t 576 | ip domain name cisco.com 577 | ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.10.1 578 | ip dhcp pool vlan10pool 579 | network 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 580 | default-router 192.168.10.1 581 | import all 582 | 583 | 584 | ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.20.1 585 | ip dhcp pool vlan20pool 586 | network 192.168.20.0 255.255.255.0 587 | default-router 192.168.20.1 588 | import all 589 | 590 | ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.30.1 591 | ip dhcp pool vlan30pool 592 | network 192.168.30.0 255.255.255.0 593 | default-router 192.168.30.1 594 | import all 595 | end 596 | ``` 597 | 598 | Now when a device plugs into a port `f0/4` for instance and performs a DHCP request, it should get an IP like `192.168.10.3` because it is plugged into the ports assigned to VLAN 10 599 | 600 | #### Verify DHCP Pool 601 | 602 | ``` 603 | show ip dhcp pool 604 | ``` 605 | 606 | #### Delete DHCP Pool 607 | 608 | ``` 609 | conf t 610 | no ip dhcp pool managementpool 611 | end 612 | ``` 613 | 614 | ## Intermediate Networking 615 | 616 | ### VLANs 617 | --- 618 | 619 | #### VLAN Creation 620 | 621 | ``` 622 | conf t 623 | vlan 10 624 | name Faculty 625 | exit 626 | ``` 627 | 628 | ``` 629 | conf t 630 | vlan 20 631 | name Students 632 | exit 633 | ``` 634 | 635 | #### Port Assignment 636 | 637 | ``` 638 | conf t 639 | interface range Fa0/1-12 640 | switchport mode access 641 | switchport access vlan 10 642 | end 643 | ``` 644 | 645 | ``` 646 | conf t interface range Fa0/13-24 647 | switchport mode access 648 | switchport access vlan 20 649 | end 650 | ``` 651 | 652 | ``` 653 | conf t 654 | interface Gi0/1 655 | switchport mode access 656 | switchport access vlan 99 657 | end 658 | ``` 659 | 660 | #### IP Assignemnt 661 | 662 | ``` 663 | conf t 664 | int vlan 99 665 | ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0 666 | end 667 | ``` 668 | 669 | #### Verification 670 | 671 | ``` 672 | show vlan brief 673 | ``` 674 | 675 | #### Voice and Data VLAN 676 | 677 | *Assuming Data on VLAN 10, Voice on VLAN 20* 678 | 679 | ``` 680 | conf t 681 | int Fa0/4 682 | switchport mode access 683 | switchport access vlan 10 684 | switchport voice vlan 20 685 | end 686 | ``` 687 | 688 | #### Management VLAN 689 | 690 | ``` 691 | conf t 692 | vlan 99 693 | name Management 694 | exit 695 | interface Fa0/24 696 | switchport mode access 697 | switchport access vlan 99 698 | exit 699 | int vlan 99 700 | ip addr 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0 701 | end 702 | ``` 703 | 704 | #### Delete VLANS on file 705 | 706 | ``` 707 | delete vlan.dat 708 | ``` 709 | 710 | #### Delete VLANS in memory 711 | *Warning: Make sure you move ports to another vlan or the will be unsable* 712 | 713 | ``` 714 | conf t 715 | no vlan 10 716 | no vlan 20 717 | end 718 | ``` 719 | 720 | #### Inter-VLAN Routing 721 | 722 | *Creates multiple sub-interfaces on a router port to enable inter-vlan routing.* 723 | 724 | *Note: `encapsulation dot1q` must be called on a sub interface before an IP can be assigned to it.* 725 | 726 | ``` 727 | conf t 728 | interface G0/0/1.10 729 | description Default Gateway for VLAN 10 730 | encapsulation dot1Q 10 731 | ip add 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0 732 | exit 733 | 734 | interface G0/0/1.20 735 | description Default Gateway for VLAN 20 736 | encapsulation dot1Q 20 737 | ip addr 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0 738 | exit 739 | 740 | interface G0/0/1.99 741 | description Default Gateway for VLAN 99 742 | encapsulation dot1Q 99 743 | ip addr 192.168.99.1 255.255.255.0 744 | exit 745 | 746 | interface G0/0/1 747 | description Trunk link to S1 748 | no shut 749 | end 750 | ``` 751 | 752 | ### Trunks 753 | --- 754 | 755 | #### Create multi-switch vlan trunk 756 | 757 | *S1* 758 | 759 | ``` 760 | conf t 761 | interface Gi0/1 762 | description Trunk Line to S2 Gi0/1 763 | switchport mode trunk 764 | switchport trunk native vlan 99 765 | switchport trunk allowed vlan 99 766 | end 767 | ``` 768 | 769 | *Note: Remember to set the native vlan (to 99 for instance) on each switch in the trunk so you don't get a native vlan mismatch warning* 770 | 771 | #### Trunk Verification 772 | 773 | ``` 774 | show interface trunk 775 | show interface g0/1 switchport 776 | ``` 777 | 778 | ### EtherChannel 779 | --- 780 | 781 | Etherchannel protocols LACP and PAgP configure multiple physical interfaces and links to act as one logical one. You can configure up to 8 ports to act as a single link. This increases bandwidth and improves redundancy. 782 | 783 | 784 | *Note: `mode active` sets the etherchannel group to use the LACP protocol* 785 | 786 | #### Configure EtherChannel 787 | 788 | *Configure etherchannel between two switches connected with two ethernet cables.* 789 | ``` 790 | conf t 791 | int range f0/1-2 792 | channel-group 1 mode active 793 | exit 794 | int port-channel 1 795 | switchport mode trunk 796 | switchport trunk allowed vlan 1,2,20 797 | ``` 798 | 799 | 800 | #### Verify EtherChannel 801 | 802 | ``` 803 | show interfaces trunk 804 | show etherchannel summary 805 | ``` 806 | 807 | ### DTP (Dynamic Trunking Protocol) 808 | --- 809 | 810 | #### Configure DTP 811 | 812 | ``` 813 | conf t 814 | int gi0/1 815 | switchport mode dynamic auto 816 | end 817 | ``` 818 | 819 | **or** 820 | 821 | ``` 822 | conf t 823 | int gi0/1 824 | switchport mode dynamic desirable 825 | end 826 | ``` 827 | 828 | 829 | #### Disable DTP 830 | 831 | *Usefull for connecting to devices that don't support Cisco propietary DTP or creating a static trunk* 832 | 833 | ``` 834 | conf t 835 | int gi0/1 836 | switchport mode trunk 837 | switchport nonegotiate 838 | end 839 | ``` 840 | 841 | #### Verify DTP 842 | 843 | ``` 844 | show dtp interface gi0/1 845 | ``` 846 | 847 | ## Advanced Networking 848 | 849 | ### OSPFv2 850 | 851 | #### OSPF Router IDs 852 | 853 | ##### All Commands 854 | 855 | ``` 856 | show ip ospf neighbor 857 | show ip ospf database 858 | ``` 859 | 860 | ##### Enable router OSPF process 861 | 862 | Starting Mode: Global, Non-enabled 863 | 864 | ``` 865 | enable 866 | conf t 867 | router ospf 10 868 | ``` 869 | 870 | ##### Configure Loopback 871 | 872 | ``` 873 | enable 874 | conf t 875 | interface Loopback 1 876 | ip addr 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255 877 | end 878 | ``` 879 | 880 | ##### Configure OSPF Router ID 881 | 882 | _replace `1.1.1.1` with desired id_ 883 | ``` 884 | conf t 885 | router ospf 10 886 | router-id 1.1.1.1 887 | end 888 | ``` 889 | 890 | ##### Modify OSPF router ID 891 | 892 | _Prompt confirmation with 'y' needed_ 893 | 894 | ``` 895 | conf t 896 | router ospf 10 897 | router-id 1.1.1.2 898 | end 899 | clear ip ospf process 900 | ``` 901 | 902 | _Verify_ 903 | 904 | ``` 905 | show ip proto | include Router ID 906 | ``` 907 | #### OSPF - Point-to-Point Networks 908 | 909 | ##### Network Command Syntax 910 | 911 | `Router(config-router)# network network-address wildcard-mask area area-id` 912 | 913 | ##### Configure OSPF With Network Command 914 | 915 | The following configures a trianngle of 3 routers connected to 916 | each other as an OSPF point to point network. 917 | 918 | ``` 919 | conf t 920 | router ospf 10 921 | network 10.10.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 922 | network 10.10.1.4 0.0.0.3 area 0 923 | network 10.10.1.12 0.0.0.3 area 0 924 | end 925 | ``` 926 | 927 | ##### Use Entire Gigabit Interfaces 928 | 929 | ``` 930 | conf t 931 | router ospf 10 932 | network 10.10.1.1 0.0.0.0 area 0 933 | network 10.10.1.5 0.0.0.0 area 0 934 | network 10.10.1.14 0.0.0.0 area 0 935 | end 936 | ``` 937 | 938 | ##### Configure OSPF with `ip ospf` 939 | 940 | Configure OSPF directly on the interfaces rather with with the network 941 | command. 942 | 943 | Syntax: `Router(config-if)# ip ospf area ` 944 | 945 | ``` 946 | R1(config)# router ospf 10 947 | R1(config-router)# no network 10.10.1.1 0.0.0.0 area 0 948 | R1(config-router)# no network 10.1.1.5 0.0.0.0 area 0 949 | R1(config-router)# no network 10.1.1.14 0.0.0.0 area 0 950 | R1(config-router)# interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 951 | R1(config-if)# ip ospf 10 area 0 952 | R1(config-if)# interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 953 | R1(config-if)# ip ospf 10 area 0 954 | R1(config-if)# interface Loopback 0 955 | R1(config-if)# ip ospf 10 area 0 956 | R1(config-if)# 957 | ``` 958 | 959 | ##### OSPF Passive Interfaces 960 | 961 | ``` 962 | conf t 963 | router ospf 10 964 | passive-interface loopback 0 965 | end 966 | ``` 967 | 968 | ``` 969 | conf t 970 | router ospf 10 971 | passive-interface Gi0/0/0 972 | end 973 | ``` 974 | 975 | ##### Find Designated Router and Backup 976 | 977 | ``` 978 | show ip ospf interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 979 | ``` 980 | 981 | ##### Change OSPF from Broadcast to Point-to-Point 982 | 983 | ``` 984 | conf t 985 | interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 986 | ip ospf network point-to-point 987 | ``` 988 | 989 | ##### Loopback and P2P Networks 990 | 991 | Loobacks can be used to simulate real LAN networks 992 | 993 | ``` 994 | conf t 995 | interface Loopback 0 996 | ip ospf network point-to-point 997 | ``` 998 | 999 | ``` 1000 | show ip route | include 10.10.1 1001 | ``` 1002 | 1003 | #### Multiaccess OSPF Networks 1004 | 1005 | ##### Configure OSPF Priority 1006 | 1007 | ``` 1008 | conf t 1009 | int g0/0/1 1010 | ip ospf priority 255 1011 | end 1012 | ``` 1013 | 1014 | Where `255` can be values from `0` to `255` with higher numbers making the router to be elected `DR`. 1015 | 1016 | #### Modifying Single Area OSPF 1017 | 1018 | ##### Adjusting Reference Bandwidth 1019 | 1020 | ``` 1021 | Router# router ospf 10 1022 | Router(config-router) auto-cost reference bandwidth 1000 1023 | ``` 1024 | 1025 | _Where 1000 is the speed of the link in Mpbs_ 1026 | Common Values: 10, 100, 1000 1027 | 1028 | ##### Manually Set OSPF Link Cost 1029 | 1030 | ``` 1031 | conf t 1032 | int g0/0/1 1033 | ip ospf cost 25 1034 | interface l0 1035 | ip ospf cost 15 1036 | end 1037 | ``` 1038 | 1039 | ##### Show OSPF Hello Packet Intervals 1040 | 1041 | ``` 1042 | show ip ospf int g0/0/1 1043 | ``` 1044 | 1045 | ##### Set OSPF Hello Packet Intervals 1046 | 1047 | ``` 1048 | Router(config-if)# ip ospf hello-interval 1049 | ``` 1050 | 1051 | ``` 1052 | conf t 1053 | int g0/0/1 1054 | ip ospf hello-interval 30 1055 | end 1056 | ``` 1057 | 1058 | Note: dead-interval automatically gets set as `hello-interval * 4` 1059 | 1060 | 1061 | ##### Set OSPF Dead Interval 1062 | 1063 | #### OSPF Default Routes 1064 | 1065 | ##### Propogate Default Route 1066 | 1067 | ``` 1068 | conf t 1069 | ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 loopback 1 1070 | router ospf 10 1071 | default-information originate 1072 | ``` 1073 | 1074 | ##### Verify Propogated Default Route 1075 | 1076 | ``` 1077 | show ip route | begin Gateway 1078 | ``` 1079 | 1080 | #### Verify Single-Area OSPF 1081 | 1082 | ##### Verify OSPF Neighbors 1083 | 1084 | ``` 1085 | show ip ospf neighbor 1086 | ``` 1087 | 1088 | ##### Verify OSPF Protocols 1089 | 1090 | ``` 1091 | show ip protocols 1092 | ``` 1093 | 1094 | ##### Verify OSPF Process Info 1095 | 1096 | ``` 1097 | show ip ospf 1098 | ``` 1099 | 1100 | ##### Verify OSPF Interface Setting 1101 | 1102 | ``` 1103 | show ip ospf int g0/0/1 1104 | show ip ospf int brief 1105 | ``` 1106 | 1107 | Where `g0/0/1` is the interface you was to see OSPF information on. 1108 | 1109 | ``` 1110 | conf t 1111 | int g0/0/1 1112 | ip ospf dead-interval 100 1113 | end 1114 | ``` 1115 | 1116 | ## How To's 1117 | 1118 | ### FTP Server Usage 1119 | 1120 | 1. Clone the repo: 1121 | 1122 | ``` 1123 | git clone https://github.com/grplyler/cisco-utils 1124 | ``` 1125 | 1126 | 2. Install python requirements (for ftp server): 1127 | 1128 | ``` 1129 | pip install -r requirements.txt 1130 | ``` 1131 | 1132 | 3. Run python ftp_server.py 1133 | 1134 | ``` 1135 | python3 ftp_server.py 1136 | ``` 1137 | 1138 | 4. Pull a script onto a network device (WARNING: Backup to avoid any losses) 1139 | 1140 | ``` 1141 | Switch#> copy ftp://192.168.1.10/sw_base.txt running-config 1142 | ``` 1143 | 1144 | *Replace 192.168.1.10 with the IP of the computer connected to the switch or router.* 1145 | 1146 | ### Install Packet Tracer on Fedora Workstation 1147 | 1148 | (Credit for this howto goes to `philpinch` from the [Fedora Forums](https://ask.fedoraproject.org/t/how-to-install-new-cisco-packet-tracer-7-3-on-fedora-31-workstation/6047)) 1149 | 1150 | **1. Log into the Fedora GNOME Desktop** 1151 | 1152 | Remove old version of PacketTracer (if necessary): 1153 | ``` 1154 | rm -rf /opt/pt 1155 | rm -rf /usr/share/applications/cisco-pt7.desktop 1156 | rm -rf /usr/share/applications/cisco-ptsa7.desktop 1157 | rm -rf /usr/share/icons/hicolor/48x48/apps/pt7.png 1158 | ``` 1159 | 1160 | **2. Download from the netacad web site the PacketTracer_730_amd64.deb package.** 1161 | 1162 | Open a terminal : 1163 | 1164 | ``` 1165 | mkdir -p tmp/pt730 1166 | ``` 1167 | 1168 | copy the PacketTracer_730_amd64.deb package to tmp/pt730 1169 | 1170 | 1171 | **4. We’re going to extract the deb file in this folder:** 1172 | ``` 1173 | cd tmp/pt730 1174 | ar -xv PacketTracer_730_amd64.deb 1175 | mkdir control 1176 | tar -C control -Jxf control.tar.xz 1177 | mkdir data 1178 | tar -C data -Jxf data.tar.xz 1179 | ``` 1180 | 1181 | **5. Copy PacketTracer files to install it:** 1182 | ``` 1183 | cd data 1184 | cp -r usr / 1185 | cp -r opt / 1186 | ``` 1187 | 1188 | **6. Configure Gnome Environment:** 1189 | ``` 1190 | sudo xdg-desktop-menu install /usr/share/applications/cisco-pt7.desktop 1191 | sudo xdg-desktop-menu install /usr/share/applications/cisco-ptsa7.desktop 1192 | sudo update-mime-database /usr/share/mime 1193 | sudo gtk-update-icon-cache --force --ignore-theme-index /usr/share/icons/gnome 1194 | sudo xdg-mime default cisco-ptsa7.desktop x-scheme-handler/pttp 1195 | ln -sf /opt/pt/packettracer /usr/local/bin/packettracer 1196 | ``` 1197 | 1198 | ### Console Access with `minicom` on Linux 1199 | 1200 | _under construction_ 1201 | 1202 | ### Configure Serial Port with `stty` on Linux 1203 | 1204 | Set the default configuration with stty to cisco console default, 9600 bps, 8N1, no flow control: 1205 | 1206 | ``` 1207 | stty -F /dev/ttyUSB0 9600 litout -crtscts 1208 | ``` 1209 | 1210 | or: 1211 | 1212 | ``` 1213 | stty -F /dev/ttyUSB0 cs8 -parenb -cstopb -echo raw speed 9600 1214 | 1215 | # What the arguments mean: 1216 | # cs8: 8 data bits 1217 | # -parenb: No parity (because of the '-') 1218 | # -cstopb: 1 stop bit (because of the '-') 1219 | # -echo: Without this option, Linux will sometimes automatically send back 1220 | # any received characters, even if you are just reading from the serial 1221 | # port with a command like 'cat'. Some terminals will print codes 1222 | # like "^B" when receiving back a character like ASCII ETX (hex 03). 1223 | ``` 1224 | 1225 | 1226 | 1227 | 1228 | ### Console Access with Screen on Linux 1229 | 1230 | For this you will need a USB console cable. These can be picked up 1231 | on amazon for about $9-$12. 1232 | 1233 | 1. Connect your the USB console cable from the computers usb port to the cisco RJ-45 console port. 1234 | 1235 | 2. Install the `screen` program if you dont already have it. 1236 | 1237 | ``` 1238 | apt install screen 1239 | ``` 1240 | 1241 | 3. Find the USB device. 1242 | 1243 | If its the first USB serial device you plugged in, it should be `/dev/ttyUSB0`. The second one should be `/dev/ttyUSB1`, etc. 1244 | 1245 | You can verify with with `ls /dev | grep USB` 1246 | 1247 | 4. Run `screen` 1248 | 1249 | You will need root access. 1250 | 1251 | ``` 1252 | screen /dev/ttyUSB0 1253 | ``` 1254 | 1255 | Running with a specific baudrate. 1256 | 1257 | ``` 1258 | screen /dev/ttyUSB0 9600 1259 | screen /dev/ttyUSB0 115200 1260 | ``` 1261 | 1262 | To exit screen, hit `Ctrl-a`, `Ctrl-d` 1263 | 1264 | If you have trouble with the connection, e.g. it lags or is funky, cisco serial connections require the following settings by default: 1265 | 1266 | - `9600` baud 1267 | - `8` data bits 1268 | - `no` parity 1269 | - `1` stop bit 1270 | - `no` flow control 1271 | 1272 | To do that exactly with screen: 1273 | 1274 | ``` 1275 | screen /dev/ttyS0 9600,cs8,-parenb,-cstopb,-hupcl 1276 | screen /dev/ttyS0 19200,cs8,-parenb,-cstopb,-hupcl 1277 | screen /dev/ttyS0 115200,cs8,-parenb,-cstopb,-hupcl 1278 | ``` 1279 | 1280 | With `odd` parity: 1281 | 1282 | ``` 1283 | screen /dev/ttyS0 9600,cs8,parenb,parodd,-cstopb,-hupcl 1284 | ``` 1285 | 1286 | With `even` parity: 1287 | 1288 | ``` 1289 | screen /dev/ttyS0 9600,cs8,parenb,-parodd,-cstopb,-hupcl 1290 | ``` 1291 | 1292 | See more details at [http://www.noah.org/wiki/Screen_notes](http://www.noah.org/wiki/Screen_notes) 1293 | 1294 | ### Linux File Transfer Over Console (minicom / xmodem) 1295 | 1296 | _Howto comming soon!_ 1297 | 1298 | ### Windows File Transfer Over Console ( HyperTerminal / xmodem) 1299 | 1300 | _Howto comming soon!_ 1301 | 1302 | ## Tools 1303 | 1304 | ### Subnetting/Calcuation 1305 | 1306 | #### ipcalc (*nix) 1307 | 1308 | Debian/Ubuntu 1309 | 1310 | ``` 1311 | apt install ipcalc 1312 | ``` 1313 | 1314 | Fedora 1315 | 1316 | ``` 1317 | dnf install ipcalc 1318 | ``` 1319 | 1320 | ``` 1321 | yum install ipcalc 1322 | ``` 1323 | 1324 | #### sipcalc (*nix) 1325 | 1326 | Debian/Ubuntu 1327 | 1328 | ``` 1329 | apt install sipcalc 1330 | ``` 1331 | 1332 | _or replace `apt` with your package manager_ 1333 | 1334 | #### whatmask (*nix) 1335 | 1336 | **Example Usage** 1337 | 1338 | ``` 1339 | $ whatmask 10.0.1.12/30 1340 | 1341 | ------------------------------------------------ 1342 | TCP/IP NETWORK INFORMATION 1343 | ------------------------------------------------ 1344 | IP Entered = ..................: 10.0.1.12 1345 | CIDR = ........................: /30 1346 | Netmask = .....................: 255.255.255.252 1347 | Netmask (hex) = ...............: 0xfffffffc 1348 | Wildcard Bits = ...............: 0.0.0.3 1349 | ------------------------------------------------ 1350 | Network Address = .............: 10.0.1.12 1351 | Broadcast Address = ...........: 10.0.1.15 1352 | Usable IP Addresses = .........: 2 1353 | First Usable IP Address = .....: 10.0.1.13 1354 | Last Usable IP Address = ......: 10.0.1.14 1355 | ``` 1356 | 1357 | **Install** 1358 | 1359 | Debian/Ubuntu 1360 | 1361 | ``` 1362 | apt install whatmask 1363 | ``` 1364 | 1365 | _or replace `apt` with your package manager_ 1366 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /ftp_server.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env python3 2 | 3 | import os 4 | 5 | from pyftpdlib.authorizers import DummyAuthorizer 6 | from pyftpdlib.handlers import FTPHandler 7 | from pyftpdlib.servers import FTPServer 8 | 9 | def main(): 10 | # Instantiate a dummy authorizer for managing 'virtual' users 11 | authorizer = DummyAuthorizer() 12 | 13 | # anonymous use (WARNING, this will give an anonymous user write access for convienience.) 14 | # Use at your own risk. 15 | authorizer.add_anonymous(os.path.join(os.getcwd(), './uploads'), perm='elradfmwMT') 16 | 17 | # Instantiate FTP handler class 18 | handler = FTPHandler 19 | handler.authorizer = authorizer 20 | 21 | # Define a customized banner (string returned when client connects) 22 | handler.banner = "pyftpdlib based ftpd ready." 23 | 24 | # Specify a masquerade address and the range of ports to use for 25 | # passive connections. Decomment in case you're behind a NAT. 26 | #handler.masquerade_address = '151.25.42.11' 27 | #handler.passive_ports = range(60000, 65535) 28 | 29 | # Instantiate FTP server class and listen on 0.0.0.0:2121 30 | address = ('', 21) 31 | server = FTPServer(address, handler) 32 | 33 | # set a limit for connections 34 | server.max_cons = 256 35 | server.max_cons_per_ip = 5 36 | 37 | # start ftp server 38 | print("Serving {} with anonymous read/write access".format(os.getcwd())) 39 | server.serve_forever() 40 | 41 | if __name__ == '__main__': 42 | main() 43 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /requirements.txt: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | pyftpdlib 2 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /scratch.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # Show Access-List 2 | 3 | ``` 4 | show access-list 5 | ``` 6 | 7 | # Remove ACL From Interface 8 | _Removes outgoing access group 11 (ACL 11 from the Serial0/0/0) Interface_ 9 | ``` 10 | conf t 11 | int s0/0/0 12 | no ip access-group 11 out 13 | end 14 | ``` 15 | 16 | # Remove ACL 17 | _Removes ACL number 10_ 18 | ``` 19 | no access-list 10 20 | ``` 21 | 22 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /serial: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | 3 | # helper script to configure screen 4 | # for smoother access to the serial port 5 | # over a USB connection 6 | 7 | # Usage: 8 | # serial 9 | # 10 | # Arguments: 11 | # The number in /dev/ttyUSB[X] 12 | 13 | echo "Attaching to /dev/ttyUSB$1" 14 | 15 | # Configure Serial Port 16 | # stty -F /dev/ttyUSB$1 9600 litout -crtscts 17 | 18 | sleep 1 19 | 20 | # Connect with screen 21 | screen /dev/ttyUSB$1 $2 22 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------