├── .gitignore ├── 0x15-api ├── README.md ├── AUTHORS ├── 1-export_to_CSV.py ├── 2-export_to_JSON.py ├── 0-gather_data_from_an_API.py └── 3-dictionary_of_list_of_dictionaries.py ├── 0x13-firewall ├── README.md ├── 0-block_all_incoming_traffic_but └── 100-port_forwarding ├── 0x16-api_advanced ├── README.md ├── 0-subs.py ├── 1-top_ten.py ├── 2-recurse.py └── 100-count.py ├── 0x18-webstack_monitoring └── README.md ├── 0x07-networking_basics ├── 0-OSI_model ├── 2-MAC_and_IP_address ├── 3-UDP_and_TCP ├── 1-types_of_network ├── 4-TCP_and_UDP_ports ├── 5-is_the_host_on_the_network └── README.md ├── 0x17-web_stack_debugging_3 ├── README.md └── 0-strace_is_your_friend.pp ├── 0x00-shell_basics ├── 1-listit ├── 10-back ├── 2-bring_me_home ├── 3-listfiles ├── 101-clean_emacs ├── 4-listmorefiles ├── 103-commas ├── 11-lists ├── 14-copy_html ├── 5-listfilesdigitonly ├── 0-current_working_directory ├── 12-file_type ├── 100-lets_move ├── 102-tree ├── 13-symbolic_link ├── 6-firstdirectory ├── 8-firstdelete ├── 9-firstdirdeletion ├── 7-movethatfile ├── holberton.mgc └── README.md ├── 0x01-shell_permissions ├── 2-groups ├── 0-iam_betty ├── 1-who_am_i ├── 4-empty ├── 5-execute ├── 3-new_owner ├── 7-everybody ├── 8-James_Bond ├── 9-John_Doe ├── 11-directories_permissions ├── 13-change_group ├── 103-Star_Wars ├── 6-multiple_permissions ├── 100-change_owner_and_group ├── 102-if_only ├── 10-mirror_permissions ├── 12-directory_permissions ├── 101-symbolic_link_permissions └── README.md ├── 0x02-shell_redirections ├── 19-AZ ├── 21-reverse ├── 20-hiago ├── 13-unique ├── 2-hellofile ├── 0-hello_world ├── 1-confused_smiley ├── 12-newest_files ├── 3-twofiles ├── 4-lastlines ├── 102-acrostic ├── 14-findthatword ├── 17-hidethisword ├── 5-firstlines ├── 8-cwd_state ├── 100-empty_casks ├── 16-whatsnext ├── 10-no_more_js ├── 11-directories ├── 15-countthatword ├── 6-third_line ├── 9-duplicate_last_line ├── 22-users_and_homes ├── 18-letteronly ├── 7-file ├── 101-gifs ├── 103-the_biggest_fan ├── list └── README.md ├── 0x0C-web_server ├── 2-setup_a_domain_name ├── 0-transfer_file ├── 7-puppet_install_nginx_web_server.pp ├── 1-install_nginx_web_server ├── 3-redirection ├── 4-not_found_page_404 └── README.md ├── 0x1A-application_server ├── README.md ├── 4-reload_gunicorn_no_downtime ├── 2-app_server-nginx_config ├── gunicorn.service ├── 3-app_server-nginx_config ├── 4-app_server-nginx_config ├── 5-app_server-nginx_config └── app-server ├── attack_is_the_best_defense ├── 0-sniffing ├── 1-dictionary_attack ├── user_authenticating_into_server └── README.md ├── command_line_for_the_win └── README.md ├── 0x1B-web_stack_debugging_4 ├── README.md ├── 1-user_limit.pp └── 0-the_sky_is_the_limit_not.pp ├── 0x03-shell_variables_expansions ├── 0-alias ├── 5-local_variables ├── 1-hello_you ├── 4-global_variables ├── 101-rot13 ├── 102-odd ├── 13-print_float ├── 2-path ├── 11-binary_to_decimal ├── 3-paths ├── 6-create_local_variable ├── 9-divide_and_rule ├── 10-love_exponent_breath ├── 100-decimal_to_hexadecimal ├── 7-create_global_variable ├── 8-true_knowledge ├── 12-combinations ├── 103-water_and_stir └── README.md ├── 0x14-mysql ├── README.md ├── 5-mysql_backup ├── install_log ├── replication ├── setup.sql ├── setup_master ├── setup_slave ├── 4-mysql_configuration_replica └── 4-mysql_configuration_primary ├── 0x06-regular_expressions ├── 2-repetition_token_1.rb ├── 3-repetition_token_2.rb ├── 4-repetition_token_3.rb ├── 5-beginning_and_end.rb ├── 6-phone_number.rb ├── 0-simply_match_school.rb ├── 1-repetition_token_0.rb ├── 7-OMG_WHY_ARE_YOU_SHOUTING.rb ├── 100-textme.rb └── README.md ├── 0x0A-configuration_management ├── killmenow ├── 1-install_a_package.pp ├── 2-execute_a_command.pp ├── 0-create_a_file.pp └── README.md ├── 0x05-processes_and_signals ├── 0-what-is-my-pid ├── 3-show_your_bash_pid_made_easy ├── 67-stop_me_if_you_can ├── 6-stop_me_if_you_can ├── 8-beheaded_process ├── 5-dont_stop_me_now ├── 2-show_your_bash_pid ├── 4-to_infinity_and_beyond ├── 1-list_your_processes ├── manage_my_process ├── 7-highlander ├── 100-process_and_pid_file ├── 102-zombie.c ├── 101-manage_my_process └── README.md ├── 0x0B-ssh ├── 1-create_ssh_key_pair ├── 0-use_a_private_key ├── 2-ssh_config ├── 100-puppet_ssh_config.pp └── README.md ├── 0x12-web_stack_debugging_2 ├── 0-iamsomeoneelse ├── 100-fix_in_7_lines_or_less ├── 1-run_nginx_as_nginx └── README.md ├── 0x08-networking_basics_2 ├── 100-port_listening_on_localhost ├── 1-show_attached_IPs ├── 0-change_your_home_IP └── README.md ├── 0x09-web_infrastructure_design ├── 3-scale_up.jpg ├── 3-scale_up.pdf ├── 0-simple_web_stack.jpg ├── 0-simple_web_stack.pdf ├── 1-distributed_web_infrastructure.jpg ├── 1-distributed_web_infrastructure.pdf ├── 2-secured_and_monitored_web_infrastructure.jpg ├── 2-secured_and_monitored_web_infrastructure.pdf └── README.md ├── 0x04-loops_conditions_and_parsing ├── 103-dig_the-data ├── 8-for_ls ├── 102-lets_parse_apache_logs ├── 1-for_best_school ├── 100-read_and_cut ├── 2-while_best_school ├── 3-until_best_school ├── 7-clock ├── 4-if_9_say_hi ├── 10-fizzbuzz ├── 5-4_bad_luck_8_is_your_chance ├── 6-superstitious_numbers ├── 0-RSA_public_key.pub ├── 101-tell_the_story_of_passwd ├── 9-to_file_or_not_to_file └── README.md ├── 0x0D-web_stack_debugging_0 ├── 0-give_me_a_page └── README.md ├── 0x11-what_happens_when_your_type_google_com_in_your_browser_and_press_enter └── 0-blog_post ├── 0x0E-web_stack_debugging_1 ├── 0-nginx_likes_port_80 ├── 1-debugging_made_short └── README.md ├── 0x10-https_ssl ├── 0-world_wide_web ├── commandlog ├── README.md ├── 1-haproxy_ssl_termination └── 100-redirect_http_to_https ├── 0x0F-load_balancer ├── 2-puppet_custom_http_response_header.pp ├── 1-install_load_balancer ├── 0-custom_http_response_header └── README.md └── README.md /.gitignore: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | *~ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x15-api/README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # API -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x13-firewall/README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # Firewall 2 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x16-api_advanced/README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # API ADVANCED -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x18-webstack_monitoring/README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # Datadog -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x07-networking_basics/0-OSI_model: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2 2 | 2 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x17-web_stack_debugging_3/README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # README -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x00-shell_basics/1-listit: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | ls 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x00-shell_basics/10-back: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | cd - 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x00-shell_basics/2-bring_me_home: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | cd ~ 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x00-shell_basics/3-listfiles: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | ls -l 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x01-shell_permissions/2-groups: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | groups 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x02-shell_redirections/19-AZ: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | tr Ac Ze 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x02-shell_redirections/21-reverse: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | rev 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x07-networking_basics/2-MAC_and_IP_address: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2 2 | 1 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x07-networking_basics/3-UDP_and_TCP: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 1 2 | 2 3 | 1 4 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x0C-web_server/2-setup_a_domain_name: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | clickviral.tech 2 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x1A-application_server/README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # APPLICATION SERVER 2 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /attack_is_the_best_defense/0-sniffing: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | mypassword9898! 2 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x00-shell_basics/101-clean_emacs: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | rm *~ 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x00-shell_basics/4-listmorefiles: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | ls -la 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x01-shell_permissions/0-iam_betty: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | su betty 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x01-shell_permissions/1-who_am_i: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | whoami 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x01-shell_permissions/4-empty: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | touch hello 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x02-shell_redirections/20-hiago: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | tr -d cC 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x07-networking_basics/1-types_of_network: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 3 2 | 2 3 | 1 4 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x15-api/AUTHORS: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | Opeoluwa Adeyeri -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /attack_is_the_best_defense/1-dictionary_attack: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | password123 2 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x00-shell_basics/103-commas: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | ls -amp | sort -d 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x00-shell_basics/11-lists: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | ls -la . .. /boot 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x00-shell_basics/14-copy_html: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | cp -un *.html ../ 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x00-shell_basics/5-listfilesdigitonly: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | ls -lan 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x01-shell_permissions/5-execute: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | chmod u+x hello 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x02-shell_redirections/13-unique: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | sort | uniq -u 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x1A-application_server/4-reload_gunicorn_no_downtime: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | Lets see 2 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /command_line_for_the_win/README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # command_line_for_the_win 2 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x00-shell_basics/0-current_working_directory: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | pwd 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x00-shell_basics/12-file_type: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | file /tmp/iamafile 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x01-shell_permissions/3-new_owner: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | chown betty hello 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x01-shell_permissions/7-everybody: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | chmod +x hello 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x01-shell_permissions/8-James_Bond: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | chmod 007 hello 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x01-shell_permissions/9-John_Doe: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | chmod 753 hello 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x02-shell_redirections/2-hellofile: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | cat /etc/passwd 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x1B-web_stack_debugging_4/README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # 0x1B-web_stack_debugging_4 2 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x00-shell_basics/100-lets_move: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | mv [[:upper:]]* /tmp/u/ 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x00-shell_basics/102-tree: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | mkdir -p welcome/to/holberton 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x00-shell_basics/13-symbolic_link: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | ln -s /bin/ls __ls__ 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x00-shell_basics/6-firstdirectory: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | mkdir /tmp/holberton 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x00-shell_basics/8-firstdelete: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | rm /tmp/holberton/betty 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x00-shell_basics/9-firstdirdeletion: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | rmdir /tmp/holberton 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x02-shell_redirections/0-hello_world: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | echo "Hello, World" 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x02-shell_redirections/1-confused_smiley: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | echo "\"(Ôo)'" 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x02-shell_redirections/12-newest_files: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | ls -t | head -n 10 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x02-shell_redirections/3-twofiles: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | cat /etc/{passwd,hosts} 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x02-shell_redirections/4-lastlines: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | tail -n 10 /etc/passwd 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x03-shell_variables_expansions/0-alias: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | alias ls="rm *" 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x03-shell_variables_expansions/5-local_variables: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | declare 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x00-shell_basics/7-movethatfile: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | mv /tmp/betty /tmp/holberton/ 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x01-shell_permissions/11-directories_permissions: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | chmod -R +X . 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x01-shell_permissions/13-change_group: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | chgrp holberton hello 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x02-shell_redirections/102-acrostic: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | cut -c 1 | paste -s -d '' 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x02-shell_redirections/14-findthatword: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | grep root /etc/passwd 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x02-shell_redirections/17-hidethisword: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | grep -v bin /etc/passwd 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x02-shell_redirections/5-firstlines: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | head -n 10 /etc/passwd 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x02-shell_redirections/8-cwd_state: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | ls -la > ls_cwd_content 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x03-shell_variables_expansions/1-hello_you: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | echo "hello $USER" 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x03-shell_variables_expansions/4-global_variables: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | printenv 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x00-shell_basics/holberton.mgc: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 0 string HOLBERTON Holberton data 2 | !:mime Holberton -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x01-shell_permissions/103-Star_Wars: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | telnet towel.blinkenlights.nl 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x01-shell_permissions/6-multiple_permissions: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | chmod ug+x,o+r hello 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x02-shell_redirections/100-empty_casks: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | find . -empty -printf '%f\n' 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x02-shell_redirections/16-whatsnext: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | grep -A 3 'root' /etc/passwd 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x03-shell_variables_expansions/101-rot13: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | tr 'A-Za-z' 'N-ZA-Mn-za-m' 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x03-shell_variables_expansions/102-odd: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | paste -d, - - | cut -d, -f1 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x03-shell_variables_expansions/13-print_float: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | printf "%.2f\n" $NUM 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x03-shell_variables_expansions/2-path: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | export PATH=${PATH}:/action 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x14-mysql/README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # Install MYSQL 2 | 3 | Install Mysql Server on both servers 4 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x01-shell_permissions/100-change_owner_and_group: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | chown betty:holberton * 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x01-shell_permissions/102-if_only: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | chown --from=guillaume betty hello 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x02-shell_redirections/10-no_more_js: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | find . -name '*.js' -type f -delete 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x02-shell_redirections/11-directories: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | find . -mindepth 1 -type d | wc -l 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x02-shell_redirections/15-countthatword: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | grep bin /etc/passwd | wc -l 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x02-shell_redirections/6-third_line: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | cat iacta | head -n 3 | tail -n 1 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x02-shell_redirections/9-duplicate_last_line: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | tail -n 1 iacta >> iacta 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x03-shell_variables_expansions/11-binary_to_decimal: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | echo $((2#$BINARY)) 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x03-shell_variables_expansions/3-paths: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | echo $PATH | tr ":" "\n" | wc -l 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x03-shell_variables_expansions/6-create_local_variable: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | BETTY="Holberton" 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x01-shell_permissions/10-mirror_permissions: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | chmod --reference=olleh hello 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x01-shell_permissions/12-directory_permissions: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | mkdir -m 751 dir_holberton 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x02-shell_redirections/22-users_and_homes: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | cut -d':' -f1,6 /etc/passwd | sort 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x03-shell_variables_expansions/9-divide_and_rule: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | echo $(($POWER / $DIVIDE)) 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x03-shell_variables_expansions/10-love_exponent_breath: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | echo $(($BREATH ** $LOVE)) 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x03-shell_variables_expansions/100-decimal_to_hexadecimal: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | printf "%x\n" $DECIMAL 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x03-shell_variables_expansions/7-create_global_variable: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | export HOLBERTON="Betty" 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x03-shell_variables_expansions/8-true_knowledge: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | echo $(($TRUEKNOWLEDGE + 128)) 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x01-shell_permissions/101-symbolic_link_permissions: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | chown -h betty:holberton _hello 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x06-regular_expressions/2-repetition_token_1.rb: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env ruby 2 | puts ARGV[0].scan(/hb?tn/).join 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x06-regular_expressions/3-repetition_token_2.rb: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env ruby 2 | puts ARGV[0].scan(/hbt+n/).join 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x06-regular_expressions/4-repetition_token_3.rb: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env ruby 2 | puts ARGV[0].scan(/hbt*n/).join 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x06-regular_expressions/5-beginning_and_end.rb: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env ruby 2 | puts ARGV[0].scan(/^h.n$/).join 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x06-regular_expressions/6-phone_number.rb: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env ruby 2 | puts ARGV[0].scan(/^\d{10}$/).join 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x0A-configuration_management/killmenow: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | while [[ true ]] 3 | do 4 | sleep 2 5 | done 6 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x02-shell_redirections/18-letteronly: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | grep '^[[:upper:]]\|^[[:lower:]]' /etc/ssh/sshd_config 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x05-processes_and_signals/0-what-is-my-pid: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | # my pid 3 | 4 | sleep 5 & 5 | echo "$!" 6 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x06-regular_expressions/0-simply_match_school.rb: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env ruby 2 | puts ARGV[0].scan(/School/).join 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x06-regular_expressions/1-repetition_token_0.rb: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env ruby 2 | puts ARGV[0].scan(/hbt{2,5}n/).join 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x03-shell_variables_expansions/12-combinations: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | echo {a..z}{a..z} | tr ' ' '\n' | grep -v 'oo' 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x06-regular_expressions/7-OMG_WHY_ARE_YOU_SHOUTING.rb: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env ruby 2 | puts ARGV[0].scan(/[A-Z]*/).join 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x02-shell_redirections/7-file: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | echo "Holberton School" > "\*\\\'\"Holberton School\"\'\\\*$\?\*\*\*\*\*:)" 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x05-processes_and_signals/3-show_your_bash_pid_made_easy: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | # PID made easy 3 | 4 | pgrep -l bash 5 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x05-processes_and_signals/67-stop_me_if_you_can: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | # Stop me if you can 3 | 4 | pkill -f 7-highlander 5 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x0B-ssh/1-create_ssh_key_pair: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | # Creates an RSA SSH key pair 3 | ssh-keygen -f school -b 4096 -N betty 4 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x05-processes_and_signals/6-stop_me_if_you_can: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | # Stop me if you can 3 | 4 | pkill -f 4-to_infinity_and_beyond 5 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x05-processes_and_signals/8-beheaded_process: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | # Beheaded process 3 | 4 | pgrep -f 7-highlander | xargs kill -9 5 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x07-networking_basics/4-TCP_and_UDP_ports: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | # script that displays TCP and UDP listening ports 3 | 4 | netstat -l 5 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x02-shell_redirections/101-gifs: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | find -type f -name "*.gif" | rev | cut -d "/" -f 1 | cut -d '.' -f 2- | rev | LC_ALL=C sort -f 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x05-processes_and_signals/5-dont_stop_me_now: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | # Don't stop me now 3 | 4 | pgrep -f 4-to_infinity_and_beyond | xargs kill 5 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x0A-configuration_management/1-install_a_package.pp: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # Install flask 2 | package { 'flask': 3 | ensure => '2.1.0', 4 | provider => 'pip3' 5 | } 6 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x12-web_stack_debugging_2/0-iamsomeoneelse: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | # Runs whoami command as the user provided in argument 3 | sudo -u "$1" whoami 4 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x05-processes_and_signals/2-show_your_bash_pid: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | # list all bash processes 3 | # shellcheck disable=SC2009 4 | ps -auxf | grep bash 5 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x08-networking_basics_2/100-port_listening_on_localhost: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | # a script that listens on poer 98 on localhost 3 | 4 | nc -l localhost 98 5 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x09-web_infrastructure_design/3-scale_up.jpg: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/hardope/alx-system_engineering-devops/HEAD/0x09-web_infrastructure_design/3-scale_up.jpg -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x09-web_infrastructure_design/3-scale_up.pdf: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/hardope/alx-system_engineering-devops/HEAD/0x09-web_infrastructure_design/3-scale_up.pdf -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x02-shell_redirections/103-the_biggest_fan: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | tail -n +2 | cut -f -1 | sort -k 1 | uniq -c | sort -rnk 1 | head -n 11 | rev | cut -d ' ' -f -1 | rev 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x04-loops_conditions_and_parsing/103-dig_the-data: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | # Dig the data 3 | 4 | awk '{print $1,$9}' apache-access.log | sort | uniq -c | sort -r 5 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x04-loops_conditions_and_parsing/8-for_ls: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | # ls using for loop 3 | 4 | for file in *; do 5 | echo "$file" | cut -d '-' -f 2; 6 | done 7 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x0D-web_stack_debugging_0/0-give_me_a_page: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | # Start Apache so as to return a 3 | # page conatining Hello Holberton 4 | service apache2 start 5 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x0B-ssh/0-use_a_private_key: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | # Allows us to connect to my server using the private key with user ubuntu 3 | ssh -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa ubuntu@18.235.249.46 4 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x0B-ssh/2-ssh_config: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # SSH Config File 2 | # 3 | Host web-01 4 | Hostname 35.243.128.200 5 | User ubuntu 6 | PasswordAuthentication no 7 | IdentityFile ~/.ssh/school 8 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x04-loops_conditions_and_parsing/102-lets_parse_apache_logs: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | # parse apache logs and show ip and status code 3 | 4 | awk '{print $1,$9}' apache-access.log 5 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x09-web_infrastructure_design/0-simple_web_stack.jpg: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/hardope/alx-system_engineering-devops/HEAD/0x09-web_infrastructure_design/0-simple_web_stack.jpg -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x09-web_infrastructure_design/0-simple_web_stack.pdf: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/hardope/alx-system_engineering-devops/HEAD/0x09-web_infrastructure_design/0-simple_web_stack.pdf -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x05-processes_and_signals/4-to_infinity_and_beyond: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | # To infinity and beyond 3 | 4 | while true; do 5 | echo "To infinity and beyond" 6 | sleep 2 7 | done 8 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x11-what_happens_when_your_type_google_com_in_your_browser_and_press_enter/0-blog_post: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/what-happens-when-you-type-url-browser-press-enter-opeoluwa-adeyeri -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x03-shell_variables_expansions/103-water_and_stir: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/bin/bash 2 | printf "%o\n" $(( $((5#$(echo $WATER | tr water 01234))) + $((5#$(echo $STIR | tr stir. 01234))) )) | tr 01234567 behlnort 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /attack_is_the_best_defense/user_authenticating_into_server: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/hardope/alx-system_engineering-devops/HEAD/attack_is_the_best_defense/user_authenticating_into_server -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x04-loops_conditions_and_parsing/1-for_best_school: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | # prints a string 10 times using for loop 3 | 4 | for ((i = 1; i <= 10; i++)); do 5 | echo "Best School" 6 | done 7 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x05-processes_and_signals/1-list_your_processes: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | # list all my currently running processes 3 | 4 | # source: https://linuxize.com/post/ps-command-in-linux/ 5 | ps -auxf 6 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x09-web_infrastructure_design/1-distributed_web_infrastructure.jpg: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/hardope/alx-system_engineering-devops/HEAD/0x09-web_infrastructure_design/1-distributed_web_infrastructure.jpg -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x09-web_infrastructure_design/1-distributed_web_infrastructure.pdf: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/hardope/alx-system_engineering-devops/HEAD/0x09-web_infrastructure_design/1-distributed_web_infrastructure.pdf -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x04-loops_conditions_and_parsing/100-read_and_cut: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | # read and cat 3 | 4 | file="/etc/passwd" 5 | 6 | while IFS= read -r line; do 7 | echo "$line" | cut -d ':' -f1,3,6 8 | done < "$file" 9 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x05-processes_and_signals/manage_my_process: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | # well well well 3 | 4 | file="/tmp/my_process" 5 | 6 | while true; do 7 | echo "I am alive!" >> "$file" 8 | sleep 2 9 | done 10 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x06-regular_expressions/100-textme.rb: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env ruby 2 | 3 | from = ARGV[0].scan(/from:(.*?)\]/) 4 | to = ARGV[0].scan(/to:(.*?)\]/) 5 | flags = ARGV[0].scan(/flags:(.*?)\]/) 6 | puts [from, to, flags].join(',') 7 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x09-web_infrastructure_design/2-secured_and_monitored_web_infrastructure.jpg: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/hardope/alx-system_engineering-devops/HEAD/0x09-web_infrastructure_design/2-secured_and_monitored_web_infrastructure.jpg -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x09-web_infrastructure_design/2-secured_and_monitored_web_infrastructure.pdf: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/hardope/alx-system_engineering-devops/HEAD/0x09-web_infrastructure_design/2-secured_and_monitored_web_infrastructure.pdf -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x04-loops_conditions_and_parsing/2-while_best_school: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | # prints a string 10 times using while loop 3 | 4 | i=0 5 | 6 | while [ "$i" -lt 10 ]; do 7 | echo "Best School" 8 | ((i++)) 9 | done 10 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x0A-configuration_management/2-execute_a_command.pp: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # execute pkill command to kill bashscript file killmenow 2 | exec { 'pkill': 3 | command => 'pkill -9 -f killmenow', 4 | path => ['/usr/bin', '/usr/sbin', '/bin'] 5 | } 6 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x0E-web_stack_debugging_1/0-nginx_likes_port_80: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | # configures a server to listening on port 80 of all servers active IPv4 IPs 3 | 4 | sudo ln -sf /etc/nginx/sites-available/default /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default 5 | sudo service nginx restart 6 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x0A-configuration_management/0-create_a_file.pp: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # Creates a file 2 | file { '/tmp/school': 3 | ensure => file, 4 | path => '/tmp/school', 5 | mode => '0744', 6 | owner => 'www-data', 7 | group => 'www-data', 8 | content => 'I love Puppet' 9 | } 10 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x05-processes_and_signals/7-highlander: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | # Highlander 3 | 4 | # print I am invincible!!! when receiving a SIGTERM signal 5 | trap "echo I am invincible!!!" SIGTERM 6 | 7 | while true; do 8 | echo "To infinity and beyond" 9 | sleep 2 10 | done; 11 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x17-web_stack_debugging_3/0-strace_is_your_friend.pp: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # Fixes bad `phpp` extensions to `php` in the WordPress file `wp-settings.php`. 2 | 3 | exec { 'fix-wordpress': 4 | command => 'sed -i s/phpp/php/g /var/www/html/wp-settings.php', 5 | path => '/usr/local/bin/:/bin/' 6 | } 7 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x04-loops_conditions_and_parsing/3-until_best_school: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | # print a string 10 times using until loop 3 | 4 | i=0 5 | 6 | until false; do 7 | echo "Best School" 8 | ((i++)) 9 | if [[ $i -lt 10 ]]; then 10 | continue 11 | else 12 | break 13 | fi 14 | done 15 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x0E-web_stack_debugging_1/1-debugging_made_short: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | # configures a server to listening on port 80 of all servers active IPv4 IPs 3 | 4 | sudo sed -i "s/8080/80/" /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default 5 | sudo service nginx restart 6 | echo "" | sudo dd status=none of=/run/nginx.pid 7 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x0C-web_server/0-transfer_file: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | # Transfers a file from our client to a server 3 | # 4 | # variables 5 | if [ $# -lt 4 ] 6 | then 7 | echo "Usage: 0-transfer_file PATH_TO_FILE IP USERNAME PATH_TO_SSH_KEY" 8 | else 9 | scp -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -i "$4" "$1" "$3@$2":~ 10 | fi 11 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x02-shell_redirections/list: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | C# 2 | C 3 | Javascript 4 | Perl 5 | PHP 6 | PHP 7 | ASP 8 | R 9 | Go 10 | C# 11 | C++ 12 | R 13 | Perl 14 | Javascript 15 | Javascript 16 | Python 17 | Javascript 18 | Javascript 19 | Javascript 20 | Java 21 | Java 22 | Python 23 | Javascript 24 | Javascript 25 | Javascript 26 | ASP 27 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x14-mysql/5-mysql_backup: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | # backup and compress my databases 3 | 4 | # variables 5 | day=$(date +"%d") 6 | month=$(date +"%m") 7 | year=$(date +"%Y") 8 | file_name="$day-$month-$year.tar.gz" 9 | 10 | mysqldump --all-databases -u root --password="$1" > backup.sql 11 | tar -czvf "$file_name" backup.sql -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x12-web_stack_debugging_2/100-fix_in_7_lines_or_less: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | # Fixes server bug 3 | chmod 644 /etc/nginx/nginx.conf 4 | sed -Ei 's/\s*#?\s*user .*/user nginx;/' /etc/nginx/nginx.conf 5 | sed -Ei 's/(listen (\[::\]:)?80) /\180 /' /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default 6 | pkill apache2 7 | su nginx -s /bin/bash -c 'service nginx restart' 8 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x1B-web_stack_debugging_4/1-user_limit.pp: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # Change the OS configuration so that it is possible to login with the 2 | # holberton user and open a file without any error message. 3 | 4 | exec {'OS security config': 5 | command => 'sed -i "s/holberton/foo/" /etc/security/limits.conf', 6 | path => '/usr/bin/env/:/bin/:/usr/bin/:/usr/sbin/' 7 | } 8 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x07-networking_basics/5-is_the_host_on_the_network: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | # script that pings an IP address passed as an argument 3 | 4 | # ip variable 5 | IP="${1}" 6 | 7 | # filename variable 8 | fn=$(basename "${BASH_SOURCE[@]}") 9 | 10 | if ! [ "$IP" ]; then 11 | echo "Usage: ${fn} {IP_ADDRESS}" 12 | else 13 | ping -c 5 "${IP}" 14 | fi 15 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x12-web_stack_debugging_2/1-run_nginx_as_nginx: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | # Fixes server bug 3 | chmod 644 /etc/nginx/nginx.conf 4 | sed -Ei 's/\s*#?\s*user .*/user nginx;/' /etc/nginx/nginx.conf 5 | sed -Ei 's/(listen (\[::\]:)?80) /\180 /' /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default 6 | pkill apache2 7 | # restart 8 | su nginx -s /bin/bash -c 'service nginx restart' 9 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x1B-web_stack_debugging_4/0-the_sky_is_the_limit_not.pp: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # fix nginx to accept and serve more requests 2 | 3 | exec {'modify max open files limit setting': 4 | command => 'sed -i "s/15/10000/" /etc/default/nginx && sudo service nginx restart', 5 | path => '/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games', 6 | } 7 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x04-loops_conditions_and_parsing/7-clock: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | # display time for 12 hours and 59 minutes 3 | 4 | hour=0 5 | 6 | while [ "$hour" -le 12 ]; do 7 | echo "Hour: $hour" 8 | 9 | minute=1 10 | 11 | while [ "$minute" -lt 60 ]; do 12 | echo "$minute" 13 | minute=$((minute + 1)) 14 | done 15 | 16 | hour=$((hour + 1)) 17 | done 18 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x08-networking_basics_2/1-show_attached_IPs: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | # Displays all acive IPv4 addresses on the machine. 3 | 4 | # a different way using ifconfig but now ip is a new command and ifconfig can be missing in some os 5 | #ifconfig | grep -Eo "inet (addr:)?([0-9]*\.){3}[0-9]*" | awk '{print $2}' 6 | 7 | ip -4 -o addr show | awk '{print $4}' | cut -d "/" -f 1 8 | 9 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x04-loops_conditions_and_parsing/4-if_9_say_hi: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | # prints a string 10 times using while loop and on the ninth iteration it prints hi 3 | 4 | i=1 5 | 6 | while [ "$i" -lt 11 ]; do 7 | echo "Best School" 8 | 9 | # if statement to print Hi when i is 9 10 | if [ "$i" -eq 9 ]; then 11 | echo "Hi" 12 | fi 13 | 14 | ((i++)) 15 | done 16 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x08-networking_basics_2/0-change_your_home_IP: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | # changes the following domain resolve ips 3 | # localhost from 127.0.0.1 to 127.0.0.2 4 | # facebook.com from 157.240.11.35 to 8.8.8.8 5 | 6 | cp /etc/hosts ~/hosts.new 7 | echo "127.0.0.2 localhost" > ~/hosts.new 8 | echo "8.8.8.8 facebook.com" >> ~/hosts.new 9 | cp -f ~/hosts.new /etc/hosts 10 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x04-loops_conditions_and_parsing/10-fizzbuzz: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | # Fizzbuzz 3 | 4 | n=1 5 | 6 | while [ "$n" -le 100 ]; do 7 | 8 | 9 | if ! (( n % 3 )) && ! (( n % 5 )); then 10 | echo "FizzBuzz" 11 | elif ! (( n % 3 )); then 12 | echo "Fizz" 13 | elif ! (( n % 5 )); then 14 | echo "Buzz" 15 | else 16 | echo "$n" 17 | fi 18 | 19 | ((n++)) 20 | done 21 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x14-mysql/install_log: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | sudo apt-key add signature.key 2 | sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys B7B3B788A8D3785C 3 | sudo sh -c 'echo "deb http://repo.mysql.com/apt/ubuntu bionic mysql-5.7" >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mysql.list' 4 | sudo apt-get update 5 | sudo apt-cache policy mysql-server 6 | sudo apt install -f -y mysql-client=5.7* mysql-community-server=5.7* mysql-server=5.7* 7 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x04-loops_conditions_and_parsing/5-4_bad_luck_8_is_your_chance: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | # 4 bad luck, 8 is your chance 3 | 4 | i=1 5 | 6 | while [ "$i" -lt 11 ]; do 7 | 8 | # if 4 bad luck elif 8 good luck 9 | if [ "$i" -eq 4 ]; then 10 | echo "bad luck" 11 | elif [ "$i" -eq 8 ]; then 12 | echo "good luck" 13 | else 14 | echo "Best School" 15 | fi 16 | 17 | ((i++)) 18 | done 19 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x14-mysql/replication: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | web01 - CREATE USER slave@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'password'; 2 | web01 - GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO slave@'%'; 3 | web01 - FLUSH PRIVILEGES; 4 | web01 - SHOW MASTER STATUS; 5 | 6 | web02 - CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='10.0.0.156', MASTER_USER='repl', MASTER_PASSWORD='slavepass', MASTER_LOG_FILE='recorded_log_file_name', MASTER_LOG_POS=log_position; 7 | web02 - START SLAVE; 8 | 9 | sudo service mysql restart 10 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x13-firewall/0-block_all_incoming_traffic_but: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | echo -e "Updating\n" 2 | 3 | sudo apt-get update 4 | 5 | echo -e "Installing UFW\n" 6 | 7 | sudo apt-get install -y ufw 8 | 9 | echo -e "configuring UFW...\n" 10 | 11 | # Allow Outgoing and Deny Incoming 12 | sudo ufw default deny incoming 13 | sudo ufw default allow outgoing 14 | 15 | # Allow ports 16 | sudo ufw allow 22 17 | sudo ufw allow 80 18 | sudo ufw allow 443 19 | 20 | # Enable Fire Wall 21 | sudo ufw enable 22 | 23 | echo -e "Process Completed.\n" 24 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x04-loops_conditions_and_parsing/6-superstitious_numbers: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | # cultures with numbers ... 3 | 4 | i=1 5 | 6 | while [ "$i" -lt 21 ]; do 7 | 8 | case "$i" in 9 | 4) 10 | echo "$i" 11 | echo "bad luck from China" 12 | ;; 13 | 9) 14 | echo "$i" 15 | echo "bad luck from Japan" 16 | ;; 17 | 17) 18 | echo "$i" 19 | echo "bad luck from Italy" 20 | ;; 21 | *) 22 | echo "$i" 23 | ;; 24 | esac 25 | 26 | ((i++)) 27 | done 28 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x10-https_ssl/0-world_wide_web: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | # print domains and subdomains 3 | 4 | print_domain_subdomain () { 5 | dig "$1" | grep -A1 'ANSWER SECTION:' | sed -r "s/$1./$2/g" | awk -F" " ' NR==2 { print "The subdomain " $1 " is a " $4 " record and points to " $5 }' 6 | } 7 | 8 | if [ "$#" -eq 2 ] 9 | then 10 | print_domain_subdomain "$2.$1" "$2" 11 | else 12 | print_domain_subdomain "www.$1" "www" 13 | print_domain_subdomain "lb-01.$1" "lb-01" 14 | print_domain_subdomain "web-01.$1" "web-01" 15 | print_domain_subdomain "web-02.$1" "web-02" 16 | fi -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x10-https_ssl/commandlog: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | sudo apt update 2 | sudo apt install snapd 3 | sudo apt-get remove certbot 4 | sudo apt-get install certbot 5 | sudo certbot certonly --standalone --preferred-challenges http --http-01-port 80 -d example.com -d www.example.com 6 | sudo ls /etc/letsencrypt/live/your_domain_name 7 | sudo mkdir -p /etc/haproxy/certs 8 | DOMAIN='example.com' sudo -E bash -c 'cat /etc/letsencrypt/live/$DOMAIN/fullchain.pem /etc/letsencrypt/live/$DOMAIN/privkey.pem > /etc/haproxy/certs/$DOMAIN.pem' 9 | sudo chmod -R go-rwx /etc/haproxy/certs 10 | sudo nano /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg 11 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x04-loops_conditions_and_parsing/0-RSA_public_key.pub: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | ssh-rsa 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 root@36c160f50a12 2 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x05-processes_and_signals/100-process_and_pid_file: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | # Process and PID file 3 | 4 | file="/var/run/myscript.pid" 5 | 6 | if [ ! -e "$file" ]; then 7 | touch "$file" 8 | fi 9 | 10 | sleep 2 & 11 | 12 | echo "$!" > "$file" 13 | 14 | # prints I hate the kill command, deletes the file and exits when receiving a SIGTERM or SIGQUIT signal 15 | trap 'echo "I hate the kill command"; rm "$file"; exit' SIGTERM SIGQUIT 16 | 17 | # prints Y U no love me?! when receiving a SIGINT signal 18 | trap "echo Y U no love me?!" SIGINT 19 | 20 | while true; do 21 | echo "To infinity and beyond" 22 | sleep 2 23 | done 24 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x0C-web_server/7-puppet_install_nginx_web_server.pp: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # Setup New Ubuntu server with nginx 2 | 3 | exec { 'update system': 4 | command => '/usr/bin/apt-get update', 5 | } 6 | 7 | package { 'nginx': 8 | ensure => 'installed', 9 | require => Exec['update system'] 10 | } 11 | 12 | file {'/var/www/html/index.html': 13 | content => 'Hello World!' 14 | } 15 | 16 | exec {'redirect_me': 17 | command => 'sed -i "24i\ rewrite ^/redirect_me https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QH2-TGUlwu4 permanent;" /etc/nginx/sites-available/default', 18 | provider => 'shell' 19 | } 20 | 21 | service {'nginx': 22 | ensure => running, 23 | require => Package['nginx'] 24 | } 25 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x16-api_advanced/0-subs.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/python3 2 | """ 3 | Script that queries subscribers on a given Reddit subreddit. 4 | """ 5 | 6 | import requests 7 | 8 | 9 | def number_of_subscribers(subreddit): 10 | """Return the total number of subscribers on a given subreddit.""" 11 | url = "https://www.reddit.com/r/{}/about.json".format(subreddit) 12 | headers = {"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0"} 13 | response = requests.get(url, headers=headers, allow_redirects=False) 14 | if response.status_code == 200: 15 | data = response.json() 16 | subscribers = data['data']['subscribers'] 17 | return subscribers 18 | else: 19 | return 0 20 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x04-loops_conditions_and_parsing/101-tell_the_story_of_passwd: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | # Tell the story of passwd 3 | 4 | file="/etc/passwd" 5 | 6 | while IFS= read -r line; do 7 | user=$(echo "$line" | cut -d ':' -f1) 8 | gid=$(echo "$line" | cut -d ':' -f4) 9 | dir=$(echo "$line" | cut -d ':' -f6) 10 | shell=$(echo "$line" | cut -d ':' -f7) 11 | uid=$(echo "$line" | cut -d ':' -f3) 12 | pass=$(echo "$line" | cut -d ':' -f2) 13 | info=$(echo "$line" | cut -d ':' -f5) 14 | 15 | echo "The user $user is part of the $gid gang, lives in $dir and rides $shell. $uid's place is protected by the passcode $pass, more info about the user here: $info" 16 | done < "$file" 17 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x14-mysql/setup.sql: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | CREATE USER holberton_user@localhost IDENTIFIED BY "projectcorrection280hbtn"; 2 | GRANT REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'holberton_user'@'localhost'; 3 | CREATE DATABASE tyrell_corp; 4 | USE tyrell_corp; 5 | CREATE TABLE nexus6(id INTEGER, name TEXT); 6 | INSERT INTO nexus6 VALUES (0, "Jarvis"); 7 | GRANT SELECT ON tyrell_corp.nexus6 TO holberton_user@localhost; 8 | CREATE USER replica_user@'%' IDENTIFIED BY "replica_user"; 9 | GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'replica_user'@'%'; 10 | GRANT SELECT ON mysql.user TO holberton_user@localhost; 11 | CREATE USER web02@34.227.101.160 IDENTIFIED BY "web02"; 12 | GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO web02@34.227.101.160; 13 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x16-api_advanced/1-top_ten.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/python3 2 | ''' 3 | this module contains the function top_ten 4 | ''' 5 | import requests 6 | from sys import argv 7 | 8 | 9 | def top_ten(subreddit): 10 | ''' 11 | returns the top ten posts for a given subreddit 12 | ''' 13 | user = {'User-Agent': 'Lizzie'} 14 | url = requests.get('https://www.reddit.com/r/{}/hot/.json?limit=10' 15 | .format(subreddit), headers=user).json() 16 | try: 17 | for post in url.get('data').get('children'): 18 | print(post.get('data').get('title')) 19 | except Exception: 20 | print(None) 21 | 22 | 23 | if __name__ == "__main__": 24 | top_ten(argv[1]) 25 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x04-loops_conditions_and_parsing/9-to_file_or_not_to_file: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | # alx school file checker 3 | 4 | file="school" 5 | 6 | # checks if file exists 7 | if [ -e "$file" ]; then 8 | 9 | echo "school file exists" 10 | 11 | # checks if file is empty 12 | if [ ! -s "$file" ]; then 13 | echo "school file is empty" 14 | 15 | # checks if file is a regular file 16 | if [ -f "$file" ]; then 17 | echo "school is a regular file" 18 | fi 19 | 20 | else 21 | 22 | echo "school file is not empty" 23 | 24 | # checks if file is a regular file 25 | if [ -f "$file" ]; then 26 | echo "school is a regular file" 27 | fi 28 | 29 | fi 30 | 31 | else 32 | 33 | echo "school file does not exist" 34 | 35 | fi 36 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x05-processes_and_signals/102-zombie.c: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #include "stdio.h" 2 | #include "stdlib.h" 3 | #include "unistd.h" 4 | 5 | /** 6 | * infinite_while - a function that runs forever and returns nothing 7 | * Return: 0 in the end 8 | */ 9 | int infinite_while(void) 10 | { 11 | while (1) 12 | { 13 | sleep(1); 14 | } 15 | return (0); 16 | } 17 | 18 | /** 19 | * main - the entry to a program that creats 5 zombie process 20 | * Return: 0 on sucess 21 | */ 22 | int main(void) 23 | { 24 | int children_processes = 0; 25 | pid_t pid; 26 | 27 | while (children_processes < 5) 28 | { 29 | pid = fork(); 30 | if (!pid) 31 | break; 32 | printf("Zombie process created, PID: %i\n", (int)pid); 33 | children_processes++; 34 | } 35 | if (pid != 0) 36 | infinite_while(); 37 | return (0); 38 | } 39 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x1A-application_server/2-app_server-nginx_config: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | server { 2 | listen 80; 3 | listen [::]:80 default_server; 4 | add_header X-Served-By $hostname; 5 | root /etc/nginx/html; 6 | index index.html index.htm; 7 | location /redirect_me { 8 | return 301 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QH2-TGUlwu4; 9 | } 10 | root /var/www/html; 11 | 12 | server_name _; 13 | 14 | location /airbnb-onepage { 15 | proxy_pass http://0.0.0.0:5000/airbnb-onepage; 16 | } 17 | 18 | location /hbnb_static { 19 | alias /data/web_static/current/; 20 | } 21 | 22 | location /{ 23 | # First attempt to serve request as file, then 24 | # as directory, then fall back to displaying a 404. 25 | try_files $uri $uri/ =404; 26 | } 27 | } 28 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x15-api/1-export_to_CSV.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/python3 2 | """ Export api to csv""" 3 | import csv 4 | import requests 5 | import sys 6 | 7 | if __name__ == '__main__': 8 | user = sys.argv[1] 9 | url_user = 'https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/users/' + user 10 | res = requests.get(url_user) 11 | """ANYTHING""" 12 | user_name = res.json().get('username') 13 | task = url_user + '/todos' 14 | res = requests.get(task) 15 | tasks = res.json() 16 | 17 | with open('{}.csv'.format(user), 'w') as csvfile: 18 | for task in tasks: 19 | completed = task.get('completed') 20 | """Complete""" 21 | title_task = task.get('title') 22 | """Done""" 23 | csvfile.write('"{}","{}","{}","{}"\n'.format( 24 | user, user_name, completed, title_task)) 25 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x0F-load_balancer/2-puppet_custom_http_response_header.pp: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # Setup New Ubuntu server with nginx 2 | # and add a custom HTTP header 3 | 4 | exec { 'update system': 5 | command => '/usr/bin/apt-get update', 6 | } 7 | 8 | package { 'nginx': 9 | ensure => 'installed', 10 | require => Exec['update system'] 11 | } 12 | 13 | file {'/var/www/html/index.html': 14 | content => 'Hello World!' 15 | } 16 | 17 | exec {'redirect_me': 18 | command => 'sed -i "24i\ rewrite ^/redirect_me https://th3-gr00t.tk/ permanent;" /etc/nginx/sites-available/default', 19 | provider => 'shell' 20 | } 21 | 22 | exec {'HTTP header': 23 | command => 'sed -i "25i\ add_header X-Served-By \$hostname;" /etc/nginx/sites-available/default', 24 | provider => 'shell' 25 | } 26 | 27 | service {'nginx': 28 | ensure => running, 29 | require => Package['nginx'] 30 | } 31 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x14-mysql/setup_master: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | sudo ufw disable 2 | config_data=\ 3 | " 4 | # The MySQL Server configuration file. 5 | # 6 | # For explanations see 7 | # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/server-system-variables.html 8 | 9 | [mysqld] 10 | binlog_do_db = tyrell_corp 11 | log_bin = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log 12 | server-id = 1 13 | pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid 14 | socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock 15 | datadir = /var/lib/mysql 16 | log-error = /var/log/mysql/error.log 17 | # By default we only accept connections from localhost 18 | bind-address = 0.0.0.0 19 | # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks 20 | symbolic-links=0 21 | " 22 | 23 | echo "$config_data" | sudo dd status=none of=/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf 24 | sudo service mysql restart 25 | 26 | echo "Done!!!" 27 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x05-processes_and_signals/101-manage_my_process: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | # manages manage_my_process by either starting it, stopping it or restarting it. 3 | 4 | command="$1" 5 | 6 | if [ -z "$command" ]; then 7 | echo "Usage: manage_my_process {start|stop|restart}" 8 | exit 9 | fi 10 | 11 | if [ "$command" == "start" ]; then 12 | 13 | bash ./manage_my_process & 14 | echo "$!" > /var/run/my_process.pid 15 | echo "manage_my_process started" 16 | 17 | elif [ "$command" == "stop" ]; then 18 | [ -e "/var/run/my_process.pid" ] && pkill -f './manage_my_process' && rm /var/run/my_process.pid 19 | echo "manage_my_process stopped" 20 | 21 | elif [ "$command" == "restart" ]; then 22 | 23 | "$0" stop >& /dev/null 24 | "$0" start >& /dev/null 25 | echo "manage_my_process restarted" 26 | 27 | else 28 | echo "Usage: manage_my_process {start|stop|restart}" 29 | fi 30 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x1A-application_server/gunicorn.service: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | [Unit] 2 | Description = HBNB 3 | After = network.target 4 | 5 | [Service] 6 | PermissionsStartOnly = true 7 | PIDFile = /run/hbnb/hbnb.pid 8 | User = ubuntu 9 | Group = ubuntu 10 | WorkingDirectory = /home/ubuntu/AirBnB_clone_v4 11 | ExecStartPre = /bin/mkdir /run/hbnb 12 | ExecStartPre = /bin/chown -R ubuntu:ubuntu /run/hbnb 13 | ExecStart = /usr/bin/env HBNB_MYSQL_USER=hbnb_dev HBNB_MYSQL_PWD=hbnb_dev_pwd HBNB_MYSQL_HOST=localhost HBNB_MYSQL_DB=hbnb_dev_db HBNB_TYPE_STORAGE=db gunicorn -w 3 --access-logfile /tmp/airbnb-access.log --error-logfile /tmp/airbnb-error.log --bind 0.0.0.0:5003 web_dynamic.2-hbnb:app --pid /run/hbnb/hbnb.pid 14 | ExecReload = /bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID 15 | ExecStop = /bin/kill -s TERM $MAINPID 16 | ExecStopPost = /bin/rm -rf /run/hbnb 17 | PrivateTmp = false 18 | 19 | [Install] 20 | WantedBy = multi-user.target 21 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x0E-web_stack_debugging_1/README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # 0x0E. Web stack debugging #1 2 | 3 |

4 | 5 |

6 | 7 | ## Resource 8 | 9 | - [Resources from Web stack debugging #0](https://github.com/iAmG-r00t/alx-system_engineering-devops/tree/main/0x0D-web_stack_debugging_0#resource) 10 | 11 | 12 | ## Tasks 13 | 14 |
15 | 0. Nginx likes port 80
16 | image 17 |
18 | 19 |
20 | 1. Make it sweet and short
21 | image 22 |
23 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x0C-web_server/1-install_nginx_web_server: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | # Configures a new ubuntu machine by installing 3 | # Nginx where it should be listening on port 80 4 | # Serve a page that would return a Hello World string 5 | # 6 | 7 | echo -e "Updating and installing Nginx.\n" 8 | sudo apt-get update -y -qq && \ 9 | sudo apt-get install nginx -y 10 | 11 | echo -e "\nSetting up some minor stuff.\n" 12 | 13 | # starting nginx service 14 | sudo service nginx start 15 | 16 | # allowing nginx on firewall 17 | sudo ufw allow 'Nginx HTTP' 18 | 19 | # Give the user ownership to website files for easy editing 20 | sudo chown -R "$USER":"$USER" /var/www/html 21 | sudo chmod -R 755 /var/www 22 | 23 | # Backup default index 24 | cp /var/www/html/index.nginx-debian.html /var/www/html/index.nginx-debian.html.bckp 25 | 26 | # Creating new index 27 | echo -e "Hello World!" | dd status=none of=/var/www/html/index.nginx-debian.html 28 | 29 | # Restarting nginx 30 | sudo service nginx restart 31 | 32 | echo -e "\nCompleted. ✅\n" 33 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x14-mysql/setup_slave: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | sudo ufw disable 2 | config_data=\ 3 | " 4 | # The MySQL Server configuration file. 5 | # 6 | # For explanations see 7 | # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/server-system-variables.html 8 | 9 | # The MySQL Server configuration file. 10 | # 11 | # For explanations see 12 | # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/server-system-variables.html 13 | 14 | [mysqld] 15 | binlog_do_db = tyrell_corp 16 | relay-log = /var/log/mysql/mysql-relay-bin.log 17 | log_bin = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log 18 | server-id = 2 19 | pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid 20 | socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock 21 | datadir = /var/lib/mysql 22 | log-error = /var/log/mysql/error.log 23 | # By default we only accept connections from localhost 24 | bind-address = 127.0.0.1 25 | # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks 26 | symbolic-links=0 27 | " 28 | echo "$config_data" | sudo dd status=none of=/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf 29 | 30 | sudo service mysql restart 31 | echo "Done!!" 32 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x16-api_advanced/2-recurse.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/python3 2 | """Contains recurse function""" 3 | import requests 4 | 5 | 6 | def recurse(subreddit, hot_list=[], after="", count=0): 7 | """Returns a list of titles of all hot posts on a given subreddit.""" 8 | url = "https://www.reddit.com/r/{}/hot/.json".format(subreddit) 9 | headers = { 10 | "User-Agent": "0x16-api_advanced:project:\ 11 | v1.0.0 (by /u/firdaus_cartoon_jr)" 12 | } 13 | params = { 14 | "after": after, 15 | "count": count, 16 | "limit": 100 17 | } 18 | response = requests.get(url, headers=headers, params=params, 19 | allow_redirects=False) 20 | if response.status_code == 404: 21 | return None 22 | 23 | results = response.json().get("data") 24 | after = results.get("after") 25 | count += results.get("dist") 26 | for c in results.get("children"): 27 | hot_list.append(c.get("data").get("title")) 28 | 29 | if after is not None: 30 | return recurse(subreddit, hot_list, after, count) 31 | return hot_list 32 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x12-web_stack_debugging_2/README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # 0x12. Web stack debugging #2 2 | 3 |

4 | 5 |

6 | 7 | ## Tasks 8 | 9 |
10 | 0. Run software as another user
11 | power 12 | image 13 |
14 | 15 |
16 | 1. Run Nginx as Nginx
17 | image 18 |
19 | 20 |
21 | 2. 7 lines or less
22 | image 23 |
24 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x15-api/2-export_to_JSON.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/python3 2 | """ Python to get data from an API and convert to Json""" 3 | import csv 4 | import json 5 | import requests 6 | import sys 7 | 8 | 9 | if __name__ == '__main__': 10 | USER_ID = sys.argv[1] 11 | url_to_user = 'https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/users/' + USER_ID 12 | res = requests.get(url_to_user) 13 | """Documentation""" 14 | USERNAME = res.json().get('username') 15 | """Documentation""" 16 | url_to_task = url_to_user + '/todos' 17 | res = requests.get(url_to_task) 18 | tasks = res.json() 19 | 20 | dict_data = {USER_ID: []} 21 | for task in tasks: 22 | TASK_COMPLETED_STATUS = task.get('completed') 23 | TASK_TITLE = task.get('title') 24 | dict_data[USER_ID].append({ 25 | "task": TASK_TITLE, 26 | "completed": TASK_COMPLETED_STATUS, 27 | "username": USERNAME}) 28 | """print(dict_data)""" 29 | with open('{}.json'.format(USER_ID), 'w') as f: 30 | json.dump(dict_data, f) 31 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x15-api/0-gather_data_from_an_API.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/python3 2 | ''' 3 | gather employee data from API 4 | ''' 5 | 6 | import re 7 | import requests 8 | import sys 9 | 10 | REST_API = "https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com" 11 | 12 | if __name__ == '__main__': 13 | if len(sys.argv) > 1: 14 | if re.fullmatch(r'\d+', sys.argv[1]): 15 | id = int(sys.argv[1]) 16 | req = requests.get('{}/users/{}'.format(REST_API, id)).json() 17 | task_req = requests.get('{}/todos'.format(REST_API)).json() 18 | emp_name = req.get('name') 19 | tasks = list(filter(lambda x: x.get('userId') == id, task_req)) 20 | completed_tasks = list(filter(lambda x: x.get('completed'), tasks)) 21 | print( 22 | 'Employee {} is done with tasks({}/{}):'.format( 23 | emp_name, 24 | len(completed_tasks), 25 | len(tasks) 26 | ) 27 | ) 28 | if len(completed_tasks) > 0: 29 | for task in completed_tasks: 30 | print('\t {}'.format(task.get('title'))) 31 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x1A-application_server/3-app_server-nginx_config: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | server { 2 | listen 80 default_server; 3 | location /hbnb_static { alias /data/web_static/current/;} 4 | listen [::]:80 default_server; 5 | root /var/www/html; 6 | index index.html index.htm index.nginx-debian.html 7 | server_name_; 8 | add_header X-Served-By $hostname; 9 | location / { 10 | try_files $uri $uri/ =404; 11 | } 12 | location /airbnb-onepage { 13 | proxy_pass http://0.0.0.0:5000/airbnb-onepage; 14 | } 15 | location ~ ^/airbnb-dynamic/number_odd_or_even/([0-9]+)$ { 16 | proxy_pass http://0.0.0.0:5001/number_odd_or_even/$1; 17 | } 18 | if ($request_filename ~ redirect_me){ 19 | rewrite ^ https://th3-gr00t.tk/ permanent; 20 | } 21 | error_page 404 /error_404.html; 22 | location = /error_404.html { 23 | internal; 24 | } 25 | } 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x0C-web_server/3-redirection: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | # Configures a new ubuntu machine by installing 3 | # Nginx where it should be listening on port 80 4 | # Serve a page that would return a Hello World string 5 | # 6 | 7 | 8 | echo -e "Updating and installing Nginx.\n" 9 | sudo apt-get update -y -qq && \ 10 | sudo apt-get install nginx -y 11 | 12 | echo -e "\nSetting up some minor stuff.\n" 13 | 14 | # starting nginx service 15 | sudo service nginx start 16 | 17 | # allowing nginx on firewall 18 | sudo ufw allow 'Nginx HTTP' 19 | 20 | # Give the user ownership to website files for easy editing 21 | sudo chown -R "$USER":"$USER" /var/www/html 22 | sudo chmod -R 755 /var/www 23 | 24 | # Backup default index 25 | cp /var/www/html/index.nginx-debian.html /var/www/html/index.nginx-debian.html.bckp 26 | 27 | # Creating new index 28 | echo -e "Hello World!" > /var/www/html/index.nginx-debian.html 29 | 30 | # Setting up /redirect_me to a youtube video 31 | sudo sed -i '24i\ rewrite ^/redirect_me https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QH2-TGUlwu4 permanent;' /etc/nginx/sites-available/default 32 | 33 | # Restarting nginx 34 | sudo service nginx restart 35 | 36 | echo -e "\nCompleted.\n" 37 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x15-api/3-dictionary_of_list_of_dictionaries.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/python3 2 | """python script to fetch Rest API for todo lists of employees""" 3 | 4 | import json 5 | import requests 6 | import sys 7 | 8 | 9 | if __name__ == '__main__': 10 | url = "https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/users" 11 | 12 | resp = requests.get(url) 13 | Users = resp.json() 14 | 15 | users_dict = {} 16 | for user in Users: 17 | USER_ID = user.get('id') 18 | USERNAME = user.get('username') 19 | url = 'https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/users/{}'.format(USER_ID) 20 | url = url + '/todos/' 21 | resp = requests.get(url) 22 | 23 | tasks = resp.json() 24 | users_dict[USER_ID] = [] 25 | for task in tasks: 26 | TASK_COMPLETED_STATUS = task.get('completed') 27 | TASK_TITLE = task.get('title') 28 | users_dict[USER_ID].append({ 29 | "task": TASK_TITLE, 30 | "completed": TASK_COMPLETED_STATUS, 31 | "username": USERNAME 32 | }) 33 | """A little Something""" 34 | with open('todo_all_employees.json', 'w') as f: 35 | json.dump(users_dict, f) 36 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x1A-application_server/4-app_server-nginx_config: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | server { 2 | listen 80 default_server; 3 | location /hbnb_static { alias /data/web_static/current/;} 4 | listen [::]:80 default_server; 5 | root /var/www/html; 6 | index index.html index.htm index.nginx-debian.html 7 | server_name_; 8 | add_header X-Served-By $hostname; 9 | location / { 10 | try_files $uri $uri/ =404; 11 | } 12 | location /airbnb-onepage { 13 | proxy_pass http://0.0.0.0:5000/airbnb-onepage; 14 | } 15 | location ~ ^/airbnb-dynamic/number_odd_or_even/([0-9]+)$ { 16 | proxy_pass http://0.0.0.0:5001/number_odd_or_even/$1; 17 | } 18 | location /api/ { 19 | proxy_pass http://0.0.0.0:5002; 20 | } 21 | if ($request_filename ~ redirect_me){ 22 | rewrite ^ https://th3-gr00t.tk/ permanent; 23 | } 24 | error_page 404 /error_404.html; 25 | location = /error_404.html { 26 | internal; 27 | } 28 | } 29 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x0C-web_server/4-not_found_page_404: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | # Configures a new ubuntu machine by installing 3 | # Nginx where it should be listening on port 80 4 | # Serve a page that would return a Hello World string 5 | # 6 | 7 | echo -e "Updating and installing Nginx.\n" 8 | sudo apt-get update -y -qq && \ 9 | sudo apt-get install nginx -y 10 | 11 | echo -e "\nSetting up some minor stuff.\n" 12 | 13 | # starting nginx service 14 | sudo service nginx start 15 | 16 | # allowing nginx on firewall 17 | sudo ufw allow 'Nginx HTTP' 18 | 19 | # Give the user ownership to website files for easy editing 20 | sudo chown -R "$USER":"$USER" /var/www/html 21 | sudo chmod -R 755 /var/www 22 | 23 | # Backup default index 24 | cp /var/www/html/index.nginx-debian.html /var/www/html/index.nginx-debian.html.bckp 25 | 26 | # Creating new index 27 | echo -e "Hello World!" > /var/www/html/index.nginx-debian.html 28 | 29 | # Setting up /redirect_me to a youtube video 30 | sudo sed -i '24i\ rewrite ^/redirect_me https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QH2-TGUlwu4 permanent;' /etc/nginx/sites-available/default 31 | 32 | # Set up a 404 page 33 | echo "Ceci n'est pas une page" >> /var/www/html/error_404.html 34 | sudo sed -i '25i\ error_page 404 /error_404.html;' /etc/nginx/sites-available/default 35 | 36 | # Restarting nginx 37 | sudo service nginx restart 38 | 39 | echo -e "\nCompleted.\n" 40 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x08-networking_basics_2/README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # 0x08. Networking basics #1 2 | 3 | ## Resource 4 | 5 | - [What is localhost](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Localhost) 6 | - [What is 0.0.0.0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/0.0.0.0) 7 | - [What is the hosts file](https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/modify-manage-hosts-file-linux/) 8 | - [Netcat examples](https://www.thegeekstuff.com/2012/04/nc-command-examples/) 9 | 10 | ## Tasks 11 | 12 |
13 | 0. Change your home IP
14 | image 15 | 22 |
23 | 24 |
25 | 1. Show attached IPs
26 | image 27 |
28 | 29 |
30 | 2. Port listening on localhost
31 | image 32 |
33 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x0B-ssh/100-puppet_ssh_config.pp: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # using puppet to make changes to the default ssh config file 2 | # so that one can connect to a server without typing a password. 3 | 4 | include stdlib 5 | 6 | file_line { 'SSH Private Key': 7 | path => '/etc/ssh/ssh_config', 8 | line => ' IdentityFile ~/.ssh/school', 9 | match => '^[#]+[\s]*(?i)IdentityFile[\s]+~/.ssh/id_rsa$', 10 | replace => true, 11 | append_on_no_match => true 12 | } 13 | 14 | # Regex match explanation 15 | # 16 | # ^ beginning of the line 17 | # [#]* atleast one hash character 18 | # [\s]* zero or more white space characters 19 | # (?i)IdentityFile case insensitive "IdentityFile" 20 | # [\s]+ at least one whitespace character 21 | # ~/.ssh/id_rsa The ssh private key file path we want to replace 22 | # $ end of the line 23 | 24 | file_line { 'Deny Password Auth': 25 | path => '/etc/ssh/ssh_config', 26 | line => ' PasswordAuthentication no', 27 | match => '^[#]+[\s]*(?i)PasswordAuthentication[\s]+(yes|no)$', 28 | replace => true, 29 | append_on_no_match => true 30 | } 31 | 32 | # Regex match explanation 33 | # 34 | # ^ beginning of the line 35 | # [#]* atleast one hash character 36 | # [\s]* zero or more white space characters 37 | # (?i)PasswordAuthentication case insensitive "PasswordAuthentication" 38 | # [\s]+ at least one whitespace character 39 | # (yes|no) with the value "yes" or the value "no" 40 | # $ end of the line 41 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x1A-application_server/5-app_server-nginx_config: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | server { 2 | listen 80 default_server; 3 | location /hbnb_static { alias /data/web_static/current/;} 4 | listen [::]:80 default_server; 5 | root /var/www/html; 6 | index index.html index.htm index.nginx-debian.html 7 | server_name_; 8 | add_header X-Served-By $hostname; 9 | location /static/ { 10 | # rewrite ^(/static/[^?]*)\?.*$ $1 last; 11 | alias /home/ubuntu/AirBnB_clone_v4/web_dynamic/static/; 12 | try_files $uri $uri/ =404; 13 | } 14 | location / { 15 | try_files $uri $uri/ =404; 16 | } 17 | location /airbnb-onepage { 18 | proxy_pass http://0.0.0.0:5000/airbnb-onepage; 19 | } 20 | location ~ ^/airbnb-dynamic/number_odd_or_even/([0-9]+)$ { 21 | proxy_pass http://0.0.0.0:5001/number_odd_or_even/$1; 22 | } 23 | location /api/ { 24 | proxy_pass http://0.0.0.0:5002; 25 | } 26 | if ($request_filename ~ redirect_me){ 27 | rewrite ^ https://th3-gr00t.tk/ permanent; 28 | } 29 | error_page 404 /error_404.html; 30 | location = /error_404.html { 31 | internal; 32 | } 33 | } 34 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # ALX System Engineering & DevOps 2 | 3 | * Bash 4 | * Shell Scripting 5 | * Linux 6 | * Ubuntu servers 7 | 8 | --- 9 | 10 | - [0x00](./0x00-shell_basics) : Writing basic bash scripts that perform basic stuff. 11 | - [0x01](./0x01-shell_permissions) : Linux permissions. 12 | - [0x02](./0x02-shell_redirections) : Shell, I/O Redirections and filters. 13 | - [0x03](./0x03-shell_variables_expansions) : Shell, init files, variables and expansions. 14 | - [0x04](./0x04-loops_conditions_and_parsing) : Loops, conditions and parsing. 15 | - [0x05](./0x05-processes_and_signals) : Processes and signals. 16 | - [0x06](./0x06-regular_expressions) : Regular expression. 17 | - [0x07](./0x07-networking_basics) : Networking basics #0. 18 | - [0x08](./0x08-networking_basics_2) : Networking basics #1. 19 | - [0x09](./0x09-web_infrastructure_design) : Web infrastructure design. 20 | - [0x0A](./0x0A-configuration_management) : Configuration management. 21 | - [0x0B](./0x0B-ssh) : SSH. 22 | - [0x0C](./0x0C-web_server) : Web server. 23 | - [0x0D](./0x0D-web_stack_debugging_0) : Web stack debugging #0. 24 | - [0x0E](./0x0E-web_stack_debugging_1) : Web stack debugging #1. 25 | - [0x0F](./0x0F-load_balancer) : Load balancer. 26 | - [0x10](./0x10-https_ssl) : HTTPS SSL. 27 | - [0x11](./0x11-what_happens_when_your_type_google_com_in_your_browser_and_press_enter) : What happens when you type holbertonschool.com in your browser and press Enter. 28 | - [0x12](./0x12-web_stack_debugging_2) : Web stack debugging #2. 29 | - [0x13](./0x13-firewall) : Firewall. 30 | - [0x14](./0x14-mysql) : MySQL. 31 | - [0x15](./0x15-api) : API. 32 | 33 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x0F-load_balancer/1-install_load_balancer: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | # install load balancer 3 | 4 | 5 | echo -e "Updating and doing some minor checks...\n" 6 | 7 | function install() { 8 | command -v "$1" &> /dev/null 9 | 10 | #shellcheck disable=SC2181 11 | if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then 12 | echo -e " Installing: $1\n" 13 | sudo apt-get update -y -qq && \ 14 | sudo apt-get install -y "$1" -qq 15 | echo -e "\n" 16 | else 17 | echo -e " ${1} is already installed.\n" 18 | fi 19 | } 20 | 21 | install haproxy #install haproxy 22 | 23 | echo -e "\nSetting up some minor stuff.\n" 24 | 25 | # backup default server config file 26 | sudo cp /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg haproxy_default.backup 27 | 28 | server_config=\ 29 | " 30 | defaults 31 | mode http 32 | timeout client 15s 33 | timeout connect 10s 34 | timeout server 15s 35 | timeout http-request 10s 36 | 37 | frontend clickviral-tech-frontend 38 | bind *:80 39 | default_backend clickviral-tech-backend 40 | 41 | backend clickviral-tech-backend 42 | balance roundrobin 43 | server 151666-web-01 100.25.190.21:80 check 44 | server 151666-web-02 54.160.77.90:80 check 45 | " 46 | 47 | # shellcheck disable=SC2154 48 | echo "$server_config" | sudo dd status=none of=/etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg 49 | 50 | # enable haproxy to be started by init script 51 | echo "ENABLED=1" | sudo dd status=none of=/etc/default/haproxy 52 | 53 | echo "configured - Roundrobin On web-01 & web-02" 54 | 55 | if [ "$(pgrep -c haproxy)" -le 0 ]; then 56 | sudo service haproxy start 57 | else 58 | sudo service haproxy restart 59 | fi 60 | 61 | echo -e "web-01 web-02" 62 | echo "web-01" 63 | echo "web-02" 64 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x10-https_ssl/README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # 0x10. HTTPS SSL 2 | 3 |

4 | 5 |

6 | 7 | ## Resource 8 | 9 | - [What is HTTPS?](https://www.instantssl.com/http-vs-https) 10 | - [What are the 2 main elements that SSL is providing](https://www.sslshopper.com/why-ssl-the-purpose-of-using-ssl-certificates.html) 11 | - [HAProxy SSL termination on Ubuntu16.04](https://devops.ionos.com/tutorials/install-and-configure-haproxy-load-balancer-on-ubuntu-1604/) 12 | - [SSL termination](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TLS_termination_proxy) 13 | - [Bash function](https://tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/complexfunct.html) 14 | - [How to Secure HAProxy with Let's Encrypt on Ubuntu 14.04](https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-secure-haproxy-with-let-s-encrypt-on-ubuntu-14-04) 15 | - [HAProxy SSL Termination](https://www.haproxy.com/blog/haproxy-ssl-termination/) 16 | 17 | ## Tasks 18 | 19 |
20 | 0. World wide web
21 | image 22 |
23 | 24 |
25 | 1. HAproxy SSL termination
26 | image 27 |
28 | 29 |
30 | 2. No loophole in your website traffic
31 | image 32 |
33 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x16-api_advanced/100-count.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/python3 2 | """ Module for a function that queries the Reddit API recursively.""" 3 | 4 | 5 | import requests 6 | 7 | 8 | def count_words(subreddit, word_list, after='', word_dict={}): 9 | """ A function that queries the Reddit API parses the title of 10 | all hot articles, and prints a sorted count of given keywords 11 | (case-insensitive, delimited by spaces. 12 | Javascript should count as javascript, but java should not). 13 | If no posts match or the subreddit is invalid, it prints nothing. 14 | """ 15 | 16 | if not word_dict: 17 | for word in word_list: 18 | if word.lower() not in word_dict: 19 | word_dict[word.lower()] = 0 20 | 21 | if after is None: 22 | wordict = sorted(word_dict.items(), key=lambda x: (-x[1], x[0])) 23 | for word in wordict: 24 | if word[1]: 25 | print('{}: {}'.format(word[0], word[1])) 26 | return None 27 | 28 | url = 'https://www.reddit.com/r/{}/hot/.json'.format(subreddit) 29 | header = {'user-agent': 'redquery'} 30 | parameters = {'limit': 100, 'after': after} 31 | response = requests.get(url, headers=header, params=parameters, 32 | allow_redirects=False) 33 | 34 | if response.status_code != 200: 35 | return None 36 | 37 | try: 38 | hot = response.json()['data']['children'] 39 | aft = response.json()['data']['after'] 40 | for post in hot: 41 | title = post['data']['title'] 42 | lower = [word.lower() for word in title.split(' ')] 43 | 44 | for word in word_dict.keys(): 45 | word_dict[word] += lower.count(word) 46 | 47 | except Exception: 48 | return None 49 | 50 | count_words(subreddit, word_list, aft, word_dict) 51 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x14-mysql/4-mysql_configuration_replica: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify 2 | # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License, version 2.0, 3 | # as published by the Free Software Foundation. 4 | # 5 | # This program is also distributed with certain software (including 6 | # but not limited to OpenSSL) that is licensed under separate terms, 7 | # as designated in a particular file or component or in included license 8 | # documentation. The authors of MySQL hereby grant you an additional 9 | # permission to link the program and your derivative works with the 10 | # separately licensed software that they have included with MySQL. 11 | # 12 | # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 13 | # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 14 | # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 15 | # GNU General Public License, version 2.0, for more details. 16 | # 17 | # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License 18 | # along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software 19 | # Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA 20 | 21 | # 22 | # The MySQL Server configuration file. 23 | # 24 | # For explanations see 25 | # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/server-system-variables.html 26 | 27 | [mysqld] 28 | binlog_do_db = tyrell_corp 29 | relay-log = /var/log/mysql/mysql-relay-bin.log 30 | log_bin = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log 31 | server-id = 2 32 | pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid 33 | socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock 34 | datadir = /var/lib/mysql 35 | log-error = /var/log/mysql/error.log 36 | # By default we only accept connections from localhost 37 | bind-address = 127.0.0.1 38 | # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks 39 | symbolic-links=0 40 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x14-mysql/4-mysql_configuration_primary: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # Copyright (c) 2014, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. 2 | # 3 | # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify 4 | # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License, version 2.0, 5 | # as published by the Free Software Foundation. 6 | # 7 | # This program is also distributed with certain software (including 8 | # but not limited to OpenSSL) that is licensed under separate terms, 9 | # as designated in a particular file or component or in included license 10 | # documentation. The authors of MySQL hereby grant you an additional 11 | # permission to link the program and your derivative works with the 12 | # separately licensed software that they have included with MySQL. 13 | # 14 | # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 15 | # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 16 | # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 17 | # GNU General Public License, version 2.0, for more details. 18 | # 19 | # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License 20 | # along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software 21 | # Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA 22 | 23 | # 24 | # The MySQL Server configuration file. 25 | # 26 | # For explanations see 27 | # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/server-system-variables.html 28 | 29 | [mysqld] 30 | binlog_do_db = tyrell_corp 31 | log_bin = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log 32 | server-id = 1 33 | pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid 34 | socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock 35 | datadir = /var/lib/mysql 36 | log-error = /var/log/mysql/error.log 37 | # By default we only accept connections from localhost 38 | bind-address = 127.0.0.1 39 | # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks 40 | symbolic-links=0 41 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x0A-configuration_management/README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # 0x0A. Configuration management 2 | 3 | ## Resource 4 | 5 | - [Intro to Configuration Management](https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/an-introduction-to-configuration-management) 6 | - [Puppet resource type: file](https://puppet.com/docs/puppet/5.5/types/file.html) (*Check "Resource types" for all manifest types in the left menu*) 7 | - [Puppet’s Declarative Language: Modeling Instead of Scripting](https://puppet.com/blog/puppets-declarative-language-modeling-instead-of-scripting/) 8 | - [Puppet lint](http://puppet-lint.com/) 9 | - [Puppet emacs mode](https://github.com/voxpupuli/puppet-mode) 10 | - [Puppet CookBook](https://www.puppetcookbook.com/) 11 | 12 | ## Installing `puppet` and `puppet-lint` 13 | 14 | ```sh 15 | # installing puppet and puppet-lint 16 | wget https://apt.puppet.com/puppet7-release-focal.deb && \ 17 | dpkg -i puppet7-release-focal.deb && \ 18 | apt-get update && \ 19 | apt-get install puppet-agent puppet-lint -y 20 | 21 | # confirming installation 22 | puppet -V 23 | puppet-lint -v 24 | 25 | # If you get an error saying puppet command not found, source the path 26 | source /etc/profile.d/puppet-agent.sh 27 | ``` 28 | 29 | ## Tasks 30 | 31 |
32 | 0. Create a file
33 | image 34 |
35 | 36 |
37 | 1. Install a package
38 | image 39 |
40 | 41 |
42 | 2. Execute a command
43 | image 44 |
45 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x10-https_ssl/1-haproxy_ssl_termination: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | global 2 | log /dev/log local0 3 | log /dev/log local1 notice 4 | chroot /var/lib/haproxy 5 | stats socket /run/haproxy/admin.sock mode 660 level admin expose-fd listeners 6 | stats timeout 30s 7 | user haproxy 8 | group haproxy 9 | daemon 10 | 11 | # Default SSL material locations 12 | ca-base /etc/ssl/certs 13 | crt-base /etc/ssl/private 14 | 15 | # See: https://ssl-config.mozilla.org/#server=haproxy&server-version=2.0.3&config=intermediate 16 | ssl-default-bind-ciphers ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-S> 17 | ssl-default-bind-ciphersuites TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256:TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384:TLS_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256 18 | ssl-default-bind-options ssl-min-ver TLSv1.2 no-tls-tickets 19 | 20 | defaults 21 | log global 22 | mode http 23 | option httplog 24 | option dontlognull 25 | timeout connect 5000 26 | timeout client 50000 27 | timeout server 50000 28 | errorfile 400 /etc/haproxy/errors/400.http 29 | errorfile 403 /etc/haproxy/errors/403.http 30 | errorfile 408 /etc/haproxy/errors/408.http 31 | errorfile 500 /etc/haproxy/errors/500.http 32 | errorfile 502 /etc/haproxy/errors/502.http 33 | errorfile 503 /etc/haproxy/errors/503.http 34 | errorfile 504 /etc/haproxy/errors/504.http 35 | 36 | frontend clickviral-frontend 37 | bind *:80 38 | mode http 39 | http-request redirect scheme https code 301 unless { ssl_fc } 40 | http-request set-header X_Forwarded-Proto http 41 | default_backend clickviral-backend 42 | 43 | frontend clickviral-frontend-https 44 | bind *:443 ssl crt /etc/haproxy/certs/clickviral.tech.pem 45 | http-request set-header X-Forwarded-Proto https 46 | default_backend clickviral-backend 47 | 48 | backend clickviral-backend 49 | balance roundrobin 50 | server 151666-web-01 100.25.190.21:80 check 51 | server 151666-web-02 54.160.77.90:80 check 52 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x10-https_ssl/100-redirect_http_to_https: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | global 2 | log /dev/log local0 3 | log /dev/log local1 notice 4 | chroot /var/lib/haproxy 5 | stats socket /run/haproxy/admin.sock mode 660 level admin expose-fd listeners 6 | stats timeout 30s 7 | user haproxy 8 | group haproxy 9 | daemon 10 | 11 | # Default SSL material locations 12 | ca-base /etc/ssl/certs 13 | crt-base /etc/ssl/private 14 | 15 | # See: https://ssl-config.mozilla.org/#server=haproxy&server-version=2.0.3&config=intermediate 16 | ssl-default-bind-ciphers ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-S> 17 | ssl-default-bind-ciphersuites TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256:TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384:TLS_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256 18 | ssl-default-bind-options ssl-min-ver TLSv1.2 no-tls-tickets 19 | 20 | defaults 21 | log global 22 | mode http 23 | option httplog 24 | option dontlognull 25 | timeout connect 5000 26 | timeout client 50000 27 | timeout server 50000 28 | errorfile 400 /etc/haproxy/errors/400.http 29 | errorfile 403 /etc/haproxy/errors/403.http 30 | errorfile 408 /etc/haproxy/errors/408.http 31 | errorfile 500 /etc/haproxy/errors/500.http 32 | errorfile 502 /etc/haproxy/errors/502.http 33 | errorfile 503 /etc/haproxy/errors/503.http 34 | errorfile 504 /etc/haproxy/errors/504.http 35 | 36 | frontend clickviral-frontend 37 | bind *:80 38 | mode http 39 | http-request redirect scheme https code 301 unless { ssl_fc } 40 | http-request set-header X_Forwarded-Proto http 41 | default_backend clickviral-backend 42 | 43 | frontend clickviral-frontend-https 44 | bind *:443 ssl crt /etc/haproxy/certs/clickviral.tech.pem 45 | http-request set-header X-Forwarded-Proto https 46 | default_backend clickviral-backend 47 | 48 | backend clickviral-backend 49 | balance roundrobin 50 | server 151666-web-01 100.25.190.21:80 check 51 | server 151666-web-02 54.160.77.90:80 check 52 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x0F-load_balancer/0-custom_http_response_header: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash 2 | # duplicate web-01 to web-02 3 | # these scripts are an upgrade from the web-server scripts... 4 | 5 | # uncomment to see the script run in action 6 | #set -x 7 | 8 | echo -e "Updating and doing some minor checks...\n" 9 | 10 | function install() { 11 | command -v "$1" &> /dev/null 12 | 13 | #shellcheck disable=SC2181 14 | if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then 15 | echo -e " Installing: $1$\n" 16 | sudo apt-get update -y -qq && \ 17 | sudo apt-get install -y "$1" -qq 18 | echo -e "\n" 19 | else 20 | echo -e " ${1} is already installed.\n" 21 | fi 22 | } 23 | 24 | install nginx #install nginx 25 | 26 | echo -e "\nSetting up some minor stuff.\n" 27 | 28 | # allowing nginx on firewall 29 | sudo ufw allow 'Nginx HTTP' 30 | 31 | # Give the user ownership to website files for easy editing 32 | if [ -d "/var/www" ]; then 33 | sudo chown -R "$USER":"$USER" /var/www 34 | sudo chmod -R 755 /var/www 35 | else 36 | sudo mkdir -p /var/www 37 | sudo chown -R "$USER":"$USER" /var/www 38 | sudo chmod -R 755 /var/www 39 | fi 40 | 41 | # create directories if not present 42 | for dir in /var/www/{html,error}; do 43 | if ! [ -d "$dir" ]; then 44 | mkdir -p "$dir" 45 | fi 46 | done 47 | 48 | # creating new index 49 | echo "Hello World!" > /var/www/html/index.html 50 | 51 | # create new error page 52 | echo "Ceci n'est pas une page" > /var/www/html/error_404.html 53 | 54 | # backup default server config file 55 | sudo cp /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default nginx-sites-enabled_default.backup 56 | 57 | server_config=\ 58 | "server { 59 | listen 80 default_server; 60 | listen [::]:80 default_server; 61 | root /var/www/html; 62 | index index.html index.htm index.nginx-debian.html 63 | server_name_; 64 | add_header X-Served-By \$hostname; 65 | location / { 66 | try_files \$uri \$uri/ =404; 67 | } 68 | if (\$request_filename ~ redirect_me){ 69 | rewrite ^ https://th3-gr00t.tk/ permanent; 70 | } 71 | error_page 404 /error_404.html; 72 | location = /error_404.html { 73 | internal; 74 | } 75 | }" 76 | 77 | #shellcheck disable=SC2154 78 | echo "$server_config" | sudo dd status=none of=/etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default 79 | 80 | if [ "$(pgrep -c nginx)" -le 0 ]; then 81 | sudo service nginx start 82 | else 83 | sudo service nginx restart 84 | fi 85 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x1A-application_server/app-server: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | echo "Updating Packages and Installing Requirements" 2 | 3 | # Update Package Manager 4 | sudo apt-get update 5 | sudo apt-get install -y nginx 6 | # Install pip 7 | sudo apt-get install -y python3-pip 8 | # Install Flask, flask_cors, sqlalchemy Using PIP 9 | pip install flask 10 | pip install flask_cors 11 | pip install sqlalchemy 12 | # Install net-tools 13 | sudo apt install -y net-tools 14 | # Install GUNICORN 15 | sudo apt-get install -y gunicorn 16 | # Remove any current AIRBNB Repositoty 17 | rm -rf AirBnB_clone_v* 18 | # Clone My Repository 19 | git clone https://github.com/hardope/AirBnB_clone_v2 20 | git clone https://github.com/hardope/AirBnB_clone_v3 21 | git clone https://github.com/hardope/AirBnB_clone_v4 22 | # Change Directory 23 | cd AirBnB_clone_v2 24 | # Switch Branches 25 | git checkout app-server 26 | 27 | # Define the path to the Nginx configuration file to be overwritten 28 | NGINX_CONFIG="/etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default" 29 | 30 | # Overwrite the Nginx configuration file with the provided configuration 31 | sudo tee "$NGINX_CONFIG" > /dev/null < 23 | 0. OSI model
24 | image 25 | 26 | 27 |
28 | 1. Types of network
29 | image 30 |
31 | 32 |
33 | 2. MAC and IP address
34 | image 35 |
36 | 37 |
38 | 3. UDP and TCP
39 | image 40 |
41 | 42 |
43 | 4. TCP and UDP ports
44 | image 45 |
46 | 47 |
48 | 5. Is the host on the network
49 | image 50 |
51 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x0B-ssh/README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # 0x0B. SSH 2 | 3 | ## Resource 4 | 5 | - [What is a (physical) server - text](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_%28computing%29#Hardware_requirement) 6 | - [What is a (physical) server - video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B1ANfsDyjeA) 7 | - [SSH essentials](https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/ssh-essentials-working-with-ssh-servers-clients-and-keys) 8 | - [SSH Config File](https://www.ssh.com/academy/ssh/config) 9 | - [Public Key Authentication for SSH](https://www.ssh.com/academy/ssh/public-key-authentication) 10 | - [How Secure Shell Works](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ORcvSkgdA58) 11 | - [SSH Crash Course](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hQWRp-FdTpc) (*(Long, but highly informative. Watch this if configuring SSH is still confusing. It may be helpful to watch at x1.25 speed or above.*) 12 | 13 | ### For reference: 14 | 15 | - [Understanding the SSH Encryption and Connection Process](https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/understanding-the-ssh-encryption-and-connection-process) 16 | - [Secure Shell Wiki](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_Shell) 17 | - [IETF RFC 4251 (Description of the SSH Protocol)](https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4251.txt) 18 | - [Internet Engineering Task Force](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Engineering_Task_Force) 19 | - [Request for Comments (RFCs)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Request_for_Comments) 20 | 21 | ## Tasks 22 | 23 |
24 | 0. Use a private key
25 | image 26 |
27 | 28 |
29 | 1. Create an SSH key pair
30 | image 31 |
32 | 33 |
34 | 2. Client configuration file
35 | image 36 |
37 | 38 |
39 | 3. Let me in!
40 | image 41 |
42 | 43 |
44 | 4. Client configuration file (w/ Puppet)
45 | image
46 |
  • Install puppet stdlib module;
47 | 
sudo puppet module install puppetlabs-stdlib
48 |
49 | 50 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x09-web_infrastructure_design/README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # 0x09. Web infrastructure design 2 | 3 | ## Resource 4 | 5 | - [Web Infrastructure](https://youtu.be/lQNEW76KdYg) 6 | - [What is a database](https://searchdatamanagement.techtarget.com/definition/database) 7 | - [What’s the difference between a web server and an app server?](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S97eKyv2b9M) 8 | - [DNS record types](https://pressable.com/?s=DNS&post_type=knowledgebase) 9 | - [Single point of failure](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_point_of_failure) 10 | - [How to avoid downtime when deploying new code](https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/35063/how-do-you-update-your-production-codebase-database-schema-without-causing-downt#answers-header) 11 | - [High availability cluster (active-active/active-passive)](https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E17904_01/core.1111/e10106/intro.htm#ASHIA712) 12 | - [What is HTTPS](https://www.instantssl.com/http-vs-https) 13 | - [What is a firewall](https://www.webopedia.com/definitions/firewall/) 14 | - [Load Balancing Algorithms and Techniques](https://kemptechnologies.com/load-balancer/load-balancing-algorithms-techniques/) 15 | - [Active/Passive vs. Active/Active](https://kemptechnologies.com/fr/white-papers/unfog-confusion-active-passive-activeactive-load-balancing/) 16 | 17 | ## Tasks 18 | 19 |
20 | 0. Simple web stack
21 | image 22 |
    23 |
  • Links from screenshot 24 | 27 |
    • 28 |
29 |
30 | 31 |
32 | 1. Distributed web infrastructure
33 | image 34 |
35 | 36 |
37 | 2. Secured and monitored web infrastructure
38 | image 39 |
40 | 41 |
42 | 3. Scale up
43 | image 44 | 51 |
52 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /attack_is_the_best_defense/README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # Attack is the best defense 2 | 3 | ## Resource 4 | 5 | - [Network sniffing](https://www.lifewire.com/definition-of-sniffer-817996) 6 | - [ARP spoofing](https://www.veracode.com/security/arp-spoofing) 7 | - [Connect to SendGrid’s SMTP relay using telnet](https://docs.sendgrid.com/ui/account-and-settings/troubleshooting-delays-and-latency) 8 | - [What is Docker and why is it popular?](https://www.zdnet.com/article/what-is-docker-and-why-is-it-so-darn-popular/) 9 | - [Dictionary attack](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dictionary_attack) 10 | 11 | ## Tasks 12 | 13 |
14 | 0. ARP spoofing and sniffing unencrypted traffic
15 | 16 | image 17 | 18 | ```sh 19 | sylvain@ubuntu$ telnet smtp.sendgrid.net 587 20 | Trying 167.89.121.145... 21 | Connected to smtp.sendgrid.net. 22 | Escape character is '^]'. 23 | 220 SG ESMTP service ready at ismtpd0013p1las1.sendgrid.net 24 | EHLO ismtpd0013p1las1.sendgrid.net 25 | 250-smtp.sendgrid.net 26 | 250-8BITMIME 27 | 250-PIPELINING 28 | 250-SIZE 31457280 29 | 250-STARTTLS 30 | 250-AUTH PLAIN LOGIN 31 | 250 AUTH=PLAIN LOGIN 32 | auth login 33 | 334 VXNlcm5hbWU6 34 | VGhpcyBpcyBteSBsb2dpbg== 35 | 334 UGFzc3dvcmQ6 36 | WW91IHJlYWxseSB0aG91Z2h0IEkgd291bGQgbGV0IG15IHBhc3N3b3JkIGhlcmU/ISA6RA== 37 | 235 Authentication successful 38 | mail from: sylvain@kalache.fr 39 | 250 Sender address accepted 40 | rcpt to: julien@google.com 41 | 250 Recipient address accepted 42 | data 43 | 354 Continue 44 | To: Julien 45 | From: Sylvain 46 | Subject: Hello from the insecure world 47 | 48 | I am sending you this email from a Terminal. 49 | . 50 | 250 Ok: queued as Aq1zhMM3QYeEprixUiFYNg 51 | quit 52 | 221 See you later 53 | Connection closed by foreign host. 54 | sylvain@ubuntu$ 55 | ``` 56 | 57 | image 58 | 59 | ```sh 60 | # Run this when there is no other process running, 61 | # ...tried to find a way to specifically filter the specif process but 62 | # ...the best option was to run it in a virtual enviroment 63 | # ...also base64 should be your best friend 64 | sudo tcpdump -A -l 65 | ``` 66 | 67 | - [user\_authenticating\_into\_server](./user_authenticating_into_server) binary script file. 68 | 69 |
70 | 71 |
72 | 1. Dictionary attack
73 | 74 | image 75 | 76 | - [Wordlist](https://github.com/brannondorsey/naive-hashcat/releases/download/data/rockyou.txt) **Rockyou.txt** 77 | 78 | ```sh 79 | # command 80 | hydra -V -s 2222 -l sylvain -P rockyou.txt 127.0.0.1 ssh -t 64 81 | ``` 82 | 83 |
84 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x13-firewall/100-port_forwarding: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # 2 | # rules.before 3 | # 4 | # Rules that should be run before the ufw command line added rules. Custom 5 | # rules should be added to one of these chains: 6 | # ufw-before-input 7 | # ufw-before-output 8 | # ufw-before-forward 9 | # 10 | 11 | *nat 12 | :PREROUTING ACCEPT [0:0] 13 | -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 8080 -j REDIRECT --to-port 80 14 | COMMIT 15 | 16 | # Don't delete these required lines, otherwise there will be errors 17 | *filter 18 | :ufw-before-input - [0:0] 19 | :ufw-before-output - [0:0] 20 | :ufw-before-forward - [0:0] 21 | :ufw-not-local - [0:0] 22 | # End required lines 23 | 24 | 25 | # allow all on loopback 26 | -A ufw-before-input -i lo -j ACCEPT 27 | -A ufw-before-output -o lo -j ACCEPT 28 | 29 | # quickly process packets for which we already have a connection 30 | -A ufw-before-input -m conntrack --ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT 31 | -A ufw-before-output -m conntrack --ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT 32 | -A ufw-before-forward -m conntrack --ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT 33 | 34 | # drop INVALID packets (logs these in loglevel medium and higher) 35 | -A ufw-before-input -m conntrack --ctstate INVALID -j ufw-logging-deny 36 | -A ufw-before-input -m conntrack --ctstate INVALID -j DROP 37 | 38 | # ok icmp codes for INPUT 39 | -A ufw-before-input -p icmp --icmp-type destination-unreachable -j ACCEPT 40 | -A ufw-before-input -p icmp --icmp-type time-exceeded -j ACCEPT 41 | -A ufw-before-input -p icmp --icmp-type parameter-problem -j ACCEPT 42 | -A ufw-before-input -p icmp --icmp-type echo-request -j ACCEPT 43 | 44 | # ok icmp code for FORWARD 45 | -A ufw-before-forward -p icmp --icmp-type destination-unreachable -j ACCEPT 46 | -A ufw-before-forward -p icmp --icmp-type time-exceeded -j ACCEPT 47 | -A ufw-before-forward -p icmp --icmp-type parameter-problem -j ACCEPT 48 | -A ufw-before-forward -p icmp --icmp-type echo-request -j ACCEPT 49 | 50 | # allow dhcp client to work 51 | -A ufw-before-input -p udp --sport 67 --dport 68 -j ACCEPT 52 | 53 | # 54 | # ufw-not-local 55 | # 56 | -A ufw-before-input -j ufw-not-local 57 | 58 | # if LOCAL, RETURN 59 | -A ufw-not-local -m addrtype --dst-type LOCAL -j RETURN 60 | 61 | # if MULTICAST, RETURN 62 | -A ufw-not-local -m addrtype --dst-type MULTICAST -j RETURN 63 | 64 | # if BROADCAST, RETURN 65 | -A ufw-not-local -m addrtype --dst-type BROADCAST -j RETURN 66 | 67 | # all other non-local packets are dropped 68 | -A ufw-not-local -m limit --limit 3/min --limit-burst 10 -j ufw-logging-deny 69 | -A ufw-not-local -j DROP 70 | 71 | # allow MULTICAST mDNS for service discovery (be sure the MULTICAST line above 72 | # is uncommented) 73 | -A ufw-before-input -p udp -d 224.0.0.251 --dport 5353 -j ACCEPT 74 | 75 | # allow MULTICAST UPnP for service discovery (be sure the MULTICAST line above 76 | # is uncommented) 77 | -A ufw-before-input -p udp -d 239.255.255.250 --dport 1900 -j ACCEPT 78 | 79 | # don't delete the 'COMMIT' line or these rules won't be processed 80 | COMMIT 81 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x0C-web_server/README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # 0x0C. Web server 2 | 3 |

4 | 5 |

6 | 7 | ## Resource 8 | 9 |
10 | Child Process
11 | image 12 |
13 | 14 | - [Background contenxt](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AZg4uJkEa-4) 15 | - [How the web works](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/Getting_started_with_the_web/How_the_Web_works) 16 | - [Nginx](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nginx) 17 | - [How to Configure Nginx](https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-set-up-nginx-server-blocks-virtual-hosts-on-ubuntu-16-04) 18 | - [Root and sub domain](https://landingi.com/help/domains-vs-subdomains/) 19 | - [HTTP requests](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/http/http_methods.htm) 20 | - [HTTP redirection](https://moz.com/learn/seo/redirection) 21 | - [Not found HTTP response code](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTP_404) 22 | - [Logs files on Linux](https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/ubuntu-linux-gnome-system-log-viewer/) 23 | - [RFC 7231 (HTTP/1.1)](https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7231) 24 | - [RFC 7540 (HTTP/2)](https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7540) 25 | 26 | ## Tasks 27 | 28 |
29 | 0. Transfer a file to your server
30 | image 31 |
32 | 33 |
34 | 1. Install nginx web server
35 | image 36 | image 37 |
38 | 39 |
40 | 2. Setup a domain name
41 | image 42 |
43 | 44 |
45 | 3. Redirection
46 | image 47 |
48 | 49 |
50 | 4. Not found page 404
51 | image 52 |
53 | 54 |
55 | 5. Install Nginx web server (w/ Puppet)
56 | image 57 |
58 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x00-shell_basics/README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # 0x00 Shell Basics 2 | 3 | ## Resources 4 | 5 | - LinuxCommand.org [What is "the Shell"?](http://linuxcommand.org/lc3_lts0010.php). 6 | - [Read the Manual](http://linuxcommand.org/lc3_man_pages/man1.html). 7 | - [Keyboard Shortcuts for Bash](https://www.howtogeek.com/howto/ubuntu/keyboard-shortcuts-for-bash-command-shell-for-ubuntu-debian-suse-redhat-linux-etc/). 8 | 9 | ## Tasks 10 | 11 | 0. [Where am I?](./0-current_working_directory) : A script that prints the absolute path of the current working directory. 12 | 1. [What's in there?](./1-listit) : A script that displays the contents of your current directory. 13 | 2. [There is no place like home](./2-bring_me_home) : A script that changes the working directory to the user's home directory. 14 | 3. [The long format](./3-listfiles) : A script that displays the current directory contents in a long format. 15 | 4. [Hidden files](./4-listmorefiles) : A script that displays the current directory contents including hidden files. 16 | 5. [I loce numbers](./5-listfilesdigitonly) : A script that displays the current directory contents, using long format, while displaying group IDs in numeral and show hidden files. 17 | 6. [Welcome holberton](./6-firstdirectory) : A script that will create a directory named `holberton` in the `/tmp/` directory. 18 | 7. [Betty in Holberton](./7-movethatfile) : A scipt that will move a file called `betty` from home to the new directory created above. 19 | 8. [Bye bye Betty](./8-firstdelete) : A script that will delete file `betty` from the new location. 20 | 9. [Bye bye Holberton](./9-firstdirdeletion) : A script that will delete the directory `holberton` that is in the `/tmp/` directory path. 21 | 10. [Back to the future](./10-back) Change working directory to the previous one. 22 | 11. [Lists](./11-lists) List all files (*even ones with names beginning with a period character, which are normally hidden*) in the current directory and the parent of the working directory and the /boot directory (in this order), in long format. 23 | 12. [File type](./12-file_type) A script that prints the type of the named file `iamafile`. The `iamafile` will be in the `/tmp/` directory when we will run your script. 24 | 13. [We are symbols, and inhabit symbols](./13-symbolic_link) Create a symbolic link to `/bin/ls`, named `__ls__`. The symbolic link should be created in the current working directory. 25 | 14. [Copy HTML files](./14-copy_html) Create a script that copies all `html` files from the current working directory to the parent working directory while only copying files that did not exist. 26 | 15. [Let's move](./100-lets_move) A script that moves all files beginning with an uppercase letter to the directory `/tmp/u`. 27 | 16. [Clean Emacs](./101-clean_emacs) A script that deletes all files in the current directory that end with the character `~`. 28 | 17. [Tree](./102-tree) A script that creates the directory `welcome/`, `welcome/to/` and `welcome/to/holberton`. 29 | 18. [Life is a series of commas, not periods](./103-commas) A script that lists all the files and directories of the current directory separated by commas `,`. 30 | 19. [File type: Holberton](./holberton.mgc) Create a magic file `holberton.mgc` that can be used with the command `file` to detect `Holberton` data files always contain the string `HOLBERTON` at offset 0. 31 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x06-regular_expressions/README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # 0x06. Regular expression 2 | 3 | ## Resource 4 | 5 |
6 | Regular Expression
7 | image 8 | 18 |
19 | 20 | - [Regular expressions - basics](https://www.slideshare.net/neha_jain/introducing-regular-expressions) 21 | - [Regular expressions - advanced](https://www.slideshare.net/neha_jain/advanced-regular-expressions-80296518) 22 | - [Rubular is your best friend](https://rubular.com/) 23 | - [Use a regular expression against a problem: now you have 2 problems](https://blog.codinghorror.com/regular-expressions-now-you-have-two-problems/) 24 | - [Learn Regular Expressions with simple, interactive exercises](https://regexone.com/) 25 | 26 | ## Tasks 27 | 28 |
29 | 0. Simply matching School
30 | image 31 |
32 | 33 |
34 | 1. Repetition Token #0
35 | image 36 |
37 | 38 |
39 | 2. Repetition Token #1
40 | image 41 |
42 | 43 |
44 | 3. Repetition Token #2
45 | image 46 |
47 | 48 |
49 | 4. Repetition Token #3
50 | image 51 |
52 | 53 |
54 | 5. Not quite HBTN yet
55 | image 56 |
57 | 58 |
59 | 6. Call me maybe
60 | image 61 |
62 | 63 |
64 | 7. OMG WHY ARE YOU SHOUTING?
65 | image 66 |
67 | 68 |
69 | 8. Textme
70 | image 71 | 78 |
79 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x05-processes_and_signals/README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # 0x05. Processes and signals 2 | 3 | ## Resource 4 | 5 | - [Linux PID](http://www.linfo.org/pid.html) 6 | - [Linux process](https://www.thegeekstuff.com/2012/03/linux-processes-environment/) 7 | - [Linux signal](https://www.thegeekstuff.com/2012/03/linux-signals-fundamentals/) 8 | 9 | ## Tasks 10 | 11 |
12 | 0. What is my PID
13 | image 14 |
15 | 16 |
17 | 1. List your processes
18 | image 19 |
20 | 21 |
22 | 2. Show your Bash PID
23 | image 24 |
25 | 26 |
27 | 3. Show your Bash PID made easy
28 | image 29 |
30 | 31 |
32 | 4. To infinity and beyond
33 | image 34 |
35 | 36 |
37 | 5. Don't stop me now!
38 | image 39 |
40 | 41 |
42 | 6. Stop me if you can
43 | image 44 |
45 | 46 |
47 | 7. Highlander
48 | image 49 |
50 | 51 |
52 | 8. Beheaded process
53 | image 54 |
55 | 56 |
57 | 9. Beheaded process
58 | image 59 |
60 | 61 |
62 | 10. Process and PID file
63 | image 64 |
65 | 66 |
67 | 11. Manage my process
68 | image 69 | 80 |
81 | 82 |
83 | 12. Zombie
84 | image 85 | 92 |
93 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x03-shell_variables_expansions/README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # 0x03 Shell, init files, variables and expansions 2 | 3 | ## Resources 4 | 5 | - Shell [Expansion](http://linuxcommand.org/lc3_lts0080.php). 6 | - Shell [Arithmetic](https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/html_node/Shell-Arithmetic.html). 7 | - Bash [Variable](https://tldp.org/LDP/Bash-Beginners-Guide/html/sect_03_02.html). 8 | - Bash [Shell initialization files](https://tldp.org/LDP/Bash-Beginners-Guide/html/sect_03_01.html). 9 | - [The alias Command](http://www.linfo.org/alias.html). 10 | 11 | ## Tasks 12 | 13 | 0. [\](./0-alias) : A script that creates an alias. 14 | - Name of alias: `ls` 15 | - Value: `rm *` 16 | 1. [Hello you](./1-hello_you) : A script that prints `hello user`, where user is the current Linux user. 17 | 2. [The path to success is to take massive, determined action](./2-path) : A script that adds `/action` to the `PATH`. `/action` should be the last directory the shell looks into when looking for a program. 18 | 3. [If the path be beautiful, let us not ask where it leads](./3-paths) : A script that counts the number of directories in the `PATH`. 19 | 4. [Global variables](./4-global_variables) : A script that prints all the enviroment variables. 20 | 5. [Local variables ](./5-local_variables) : A script that lists all local variables and enviroment variables, and functions. 21 | - Name of variable : `HOLBERTON` 22 | - Value : `Betty` 23 | 6. [Local variable](./6-create_local_variable) : A script that creates a new local variable. 24 | 7. [Global variable](./7-create_global_variable) : A script that creates a new global variable. 25 | - Name of variable : `HOLBERTON` 26 | - Value : `Betty` 27 | 8. [Every addition to true knowledge is an addition to human power](./8-true_knowledge) : A script that prints the results of the addition of 128 with the value stored in the enviroment variable `TRUEKNOWLEDGE`, followed by a new line. 28 | - Remember to export variable TRUEKNOWLEDGE : `export TRUEKNOWLEDGE=1209` 29 | - Run command this way: `./8-true_knowledge | cat -e` 30 | 9. [Divide and rule](./9-divide_and_rule) : A script that prints the result of `POWER` divide by `DIVIDE`, followed by a new line. 31 | - `POWER` and `DIVIDE` are environment variables. 32 | - Variables values; 33 | - export POWER=42784 34 | - export DIVIDE=32 35 | - Run command this way: `./9-divide_and_rule | cat -e` 36 | 10. [Love is anterior to life, posterior to death, initial of creation, and the exponent of breath](./10-love_exponent_breath) : A script that displays the result of `BREATH` to the power of `LOVE`. 37 | - `BREATH` and `LOVE` are enviroment variables. 38 | - The script should display the result, followed by a new line. 39 | 11. [There are 10 types of people in the world -- Those who understand binary, and those who don't](./11-binary_to_decimal) : A script that converts a number from base 2 to base 10. 40 | - The number in base 2 is stored in the enviroment variable `BINARY`. 41 | - The script should display the number in base 10, followed by a new line. 42 | 12. [Combination](./12-combinations) : A script that prints all possible combinations of two letters, except `oo`. 43 | - Letters are lower cases, from `a` to `z`. 44 | - One combination per line. 45 | - The output should be alpha ordered, starting with `aa`. 46 | - Do not print `oo`. 47 | - Your script file should contain maximum 64 characters. 48 | 13. [Floats](./13-print_float) : A script that prints a number with two decimal places, followed by a new line. 49 | - The number will be stored in the enviroment variable `NUM`. 50 | 14. [Decimal to Hexadecimal](./100-decimal_to_hexadecimal) : A script that converts a number from base 10 to base 16. 51 | - The number is base 10 is stored in the enviroment variable `DECIMAL`. 52 | - The script should display the number in base 16, followed by a new line. 53 | 15. [Everyone is a proponent of strong encryption](./101-rot13) : A script that encodes and decodes text using the rot13 encryption. Assume ASCII. 54 | 16. [The eggs of the brood need to be an odd number](./102-odd) : A script that prints every other line from the input, starting with the first line. 55 | 17. [I'm an instant star. Just add water and stir.](./103-water_and_stir) : A script that adds the two numbers stored in the enviroment variables `WATER` and `STIR` and prints the results. 56 | - `WATER` is in base `water`. 57 | - `STIR` is in base `stir`. 58 | - The result should be in base `behlnort`. 59 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x0F-load_balancer/README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # 0x0F. Load balancer 2 | 3 |

4 | 5 |

6 | 7 | ## Resource 8 | 9 |
10 | Load balancer
11 |
    12 |
  • Ever wonder how Facebook, Linkedin, Twitter and other web giants are handling such huge amounts of traffic? They don’t have just one server, but tens of thousands of them. In order to achieve this, web traffic needs to be distributed to these servers, and that is the role of a load-balancer. 13 | 14 |

    15 | 16 |

    17 | 21 |
    • 22 |
23 |
24 | 25 |
26 | Web stack debugging
27 |
    28 |
  • Intro 29 |
      Debugging usually takes a big chunk of a software engineer’s time. The art of debugging is tough and it takes years, even decades to master, and that is why seasoned software engineers are the best at it… experience. They have seen lots of broken code, buggy systems, weird edge cases and race conditions.
    30 | 31 |

    32 | 33 |

    34 |
    • 35 |
36 | 37 |
38 | Test and verify your assumptions
39 | image 40 |
41 | 42 |
    43 |
  • Debugging is fun 44 |
      Debugging can be frustrating, but it will definitely be part of your job, it requires experience and methodology to become good at it. The good news is that bugs are never going away, and the more experienced you become, trickier bugs will be assigned to you! Good luck 😃
    45 | 46 |

    47 | 48 |

    49 |
    • 50 |
51 | 52 |
53 | 54 | - [Introduction to load-balancing and HAproxy](https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/an-introduction-to-haproxy-and-load-balancing-concepts) 55 | - [HAProxy Configuration Basics: Load Balance Your Servers](https://www.haproxy.com/blog/haproxy-configuration-basics-load-balance-your-servers/) 56 | - [The Four Essential Sections of an HAProxy Configuration](https://www.haproxy.com/blog/the-four-essential-sections-of-an-haproxy-configuration/) 57 | - [HTTP Header](https://www.techopedia.com/definition/27178/http-header) 58 | - [Debian/Ubuntu HAProxy packages](https://haproxy.debian.net/) 59 | 60 | ## Tasks 61 | 62 |
63 | 0. Double the number of webservers
64 | image 65 |
66 | 67 |
68 | 1. Install your load balancer
69 | image 70 |
71 | 72 |
73 | 2. Add a custom HTTP header with Puppet
74 | image 75 |
76 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x0D-web_stack_debugging_0/README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # 0x0D. Web stack debugging #0 2 | 3 |

4 | 5 |

6 | 7 | ## Resource 8 | 9 | ### Concepts 10 | 11 |
12 | Network basics
13 | 21 |
22 | 23 |
24 | Docker
25 | 30 | 31 |
32 | Let's first pull a Docker image and run a container:
33 | image 34 |
35 | 36 | Note that `docker` command will pull the Ubuntu docker container image from the Internet and run it. I let you look at the meaning of the flags using the command `docker run --help`, the main idea is that it keeps the container up and running. 37 | 38 |
39 | To execute a command on the Docker container, use *docker exec*:
40 | image 41 |
42 | 43 |
44 | If you want to connect to your Docker container and use Bash, you need to use *docker exec -ti*:
45 | image 46 |
47 | 48 |
49 | If you want to stop a container, use *docker stop*:
50 | image 51 |
52 | 53 |
54 | 55 |
56 | Web stack debugging
57 |
    58 |
  • Intro 59 |
      Debugging usually takes a big chunk of a software engineer’s time. The art of debugging is tough and it takes years, even decades to master, and that is why seasoned software engineers are the best at it… experience. They have seen lots of broken code, buggy systems, weird edge cases and race conditions.
    60 | 61 |

    62 | 63 |

    64 |
    • 65 |
66 | 67 |
68 | Test and verify your assumptions
69 | image 70 |
71 | 72 |
    73 |
  • Debugging is fun 74 |
      Debugging can be frustrating, but it will definitely be part of your job, it requires experience and methodology to become good at it. The good news is that bugs are never going away, and the more experienced you become, trickier bugs will be assigned to you! Good luck 😃
    75 | 76 |

    77 | 78 |

    79 |
    • 80 |
81 | 82 |
83 | 84 | ## Tasks 85 | 86 |
87 | 0. Give me a page!
88 | image 89 |
90 |
    91 |
  • Advice; install docker on your local machine then pull the docker image debug the issue then proceed.
    • 92 |
      93 | AVOID installing docker in ubuntu 14.04 94 |
95 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x04-loops_conditions_and_parsing/README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # 0x04. Loops, conditions and parsing 2 | 3 | ## Resource 4 | 5 | - [Loops sample](https://tldp.org/LDP/Bash-Beginners-Guide/html/sect_09_01.html) 6 | - [Variable assignment and arithmetic](https://tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/ops.html) 7 | - [Comparison operators](https://tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/comparison-ops.html) 8 | - [File test operators](https://tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/fto.html) 9 | - [Make your scripts portable](https://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/finding-bash-perl-python-portably-using-env.html) 10 | 11 | ## Tasks 12 | 13 |
14 | 0. Create a SSH RSA key pair
15 | image
16 | 25 |
26 | 27 |
28 | 1. For Best School loop
29 | image 30 |
31 | 32 |
33 | 2. While Best School loop
34 | image 35 |
36 | 37 |
38 | 3. Until Best School loop
39 | image 40 |
41 | 42 |
43 | 4. If 9, say Hi!
44 | image 45 |
46 | 47 |
48 | 5. 4 bad luck, 8 is your chance
49 | image
50 | 58 |
59 | 60 |
61 | 6. Superstitious numbers
62 | image 63 |
64 | 65 |
66 | 7. Clock
67 | image 68 |
69 | 70 |
71 | 8. For ls
72 | image 73 |
74 | 75 |
76 | 9. To file, or not to file
77 | image 78 |
79 | 80 |
81 | 10. FizzBuzz
82 | image 83 |
84 | 85 |
86 | 11. Read and cut
87 | image 88 |
89 | 90 |
91 | 12. Tell the story of passwd
92 | image 93 | 101 |
102 | 103 |
104 | 13. Let's parse Apache logs
105 | image 106 | 115 |
116 | 117 |
118 | 14. Dig the data
119 | image 120 |
121 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /0x02-shell_redirections/README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # 0x002 Shell, I/O Redirections and Filters 2 | 3 | ## Resources 4 | 5 | - LinuxCommand.Org [I/O Redirection](http://linuxcommand.org/lc3_lts0070.php). 6 | - BashGuide [SpecialCharacters](http://mywiki.wooledge.org/BashGuide/SpecialCharacters). 7 | 8 | ## Tasks 9 | 10 | 0. [Hello World](./0-hello_world) : A script that prints `Hello, World`, followed by a new line to the standard output. 11 | 1. [Confused smiley](./1-confused_smiley) : A script that displays a confused smiley: `"(Ôo)'`. 12 | 2. [Let's display a file](./2-hellofile) : A script that displays the content of the `/etc/passwd` file. 13 | 3. [What about 2?](./3-twofiles) : A scipt that displays content of `/etc/passwd` and `/etc/hosts`. 14 | 4. [Last lines of a file](./4-lastlines) : A script that displays the last 10 lines of `/etc/passwd`. 15 | 5. [I'd prefer the first ones actually](./5-firstlines) : A scipt that displays the first 10 lines of `etc/passwd`. 16 | 6. [Line #2](./6-third_line) : A script that displays the third line of the file `iacta`. 17 | - The file `iacta` will be in the working directory and you are not allowed to use `sed`. 18 | 7. [It is a good file that cuts iron without making a noise](./7-file) : A script that creates a file named exactly `\*\\'"Holberton School"\'\\*$\?\*\*\*\*\*:)` containing the text `Holberton School` ending by a new line. 19 | - For this challenge, remember to use a single backslash `\` to escape special characters and double backslash `\\` to escape the backslash itself. 20 | 8. [Save current state of directory](./8-cwd_state) : A script that writes into the file `ls_cwd_content` the result of the command `ls -la`. If the file `ls_cwd_content` already exists, it should be overwritten. If the file `ls_cwd_content`does not exist, create it. 21 | 9. [Duplicate last line](./9-duplicate_last_line) : A script that duplicates the last line of the file `iacta`. 22 | 10. [No more javascript](./10-no_more_js) : A script that deletes all the regular files (not the directories) with a `.js` extension that are present in the current directory and all its subfolders. 23 | 11. [Don't just count your directories, make your directories count](./11-directories) : A script that counts the number of directories and sub-directories in the current directory. 24 | - The current and present directories should not be taken into account. 25 | - Hidden directories should be counted. 26 | - **Solution:** `mindepth 1` ; To exclude root directory 27 | - **Others:** `maxdepth 1` ; To avoid parsing sub directories. (*you may need this in future.*) 28 | 12. [Whats12's new](./12-newest_files) : A script that prints the 10 newest files in the current directory. 29 | - The output should be; one file per line and sorted from the newest to the oldest. 30 | 13. [Being unique is better than being perfect](./13-unique) : A script that takes a list of words as input and prints only words that appear exactly once. 31 | - Input and Output format is; `One word per line`. 32 | - Words should be sorted. (use this [list](./list) as your input to see if the challenge will work. 😊) `cat list | ./13-unique` 33 | 14. [It must be in that file](./14-findthatword) : A script that prints lines containing the pattern `"root"` from the file `/etc/passwd`. 34 | 15. [Count that word](./15-countthatword) : A script that displays the number of lines that contain the pattern `"bin"` in the file `/etc/passwd`. 35 | 16. [What's next?](./16-whatsnext) : A script that containing the pattern `"root"` and 3 lines after them in the file `/etc/passwd`. 36 | - `B` : This shows the lines before your pattern match. 37 | - `A` : This shows the lines after your pattern match. 38 | 17. [I hate bins](./17-hidethisword) : A script that displays all the lines in the file `/etc/passwd` that do not contain the pattern `"bin"`. 39 | 18. [Letters only please](./18-letteronly) : A script that displays all lines of the file `/ect/ssh/sshd_config` starting with a letter, including capital letters as well. 40 | - This also works : `grep ^[[:alpha:]] /etc/ssh/sshd_config` 41 | 19. [A to Z](./19-AZ) : A script that replaces all characters `A` and `C` from input to `Z` and `E` respectively. 42 | 20. [Without C, you would live in hiago](./20-hiago) : A script that removes all letters `c` and `C` from input. 43 | 21. [esreveR](./21-reverse) : A script that reverse its input. 44 | 22. [DJ Cut Killer](./22-users_and_homes) : A scipt that displays all users and their home directories, sorted by users, based on the `/etc/passwd` file. 45 | 23. [Empty casks make the most noise](./100-empty_casks) : A script that finds all empty files and directories in the current directory and all sub-directories. 46 | - Only names of the files and directories should be displayed (not the entire path.) 47 | - Hidden files should be listed also, one file name per line and the listing should end with a new line. 48 | - You are not allowed to use `basename`, `grep`, `egrep`, `fgrep` or `rgrep`. 49 | 24. [A gif is worth ten thousand words](./101-gifs) : A script that lists all the files with a `.gif` extension in the current directory and all its sub-directories. 50 | - Hidden files should be listed. 51 | - Only regular files (not directories) should be listed. 52 | - The names of the files should be displayed without their extensions. 53 | - The files should be sorted by byte values, but case-insensitive (file `aaa` should be listed before file `bbb`, file `.b` should be listed before file `a`, and file `Rona` should be listed after file `jay`) 54 | - One file name per line. 55 | - The listing should end with a new line. 56 | - You are not allowed to use `basename`, `grep`, `egrep`, `fgrep` or `rgrep`. 57 | 25. [Acrostic](./102-acrostic) : A script that decodes acrostics that use the first letter of each line. 58 | - What to decode: `An acrostic is a poem (or other form of writing) in which the first letter (or syllable, or word) of each line (or paragraph, or other recurring feature in the text) spells out a word, message or the alphabet. The word comes from the French acrostiche from post-classical Latin acrostichis). As a form of constrained writing, an acrostic can be used as a mnemonic device to aid memory retrieval.` [Read more here](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acrostic) 59 | - The **‘decoded’** message has to end with a new line. 60 | - You are not allowed to use `grep`, `egrep`, `fgrep` or `rgrep`. 61 | 26. [The biggest fan](./103-the_biggest_fan) : A script that parses web servers logs in TSV format as input and displays the 11 hosts or IP addresses which did the most requests. 62 | - Download this file: `wget http://indeedeng.github.io/imhotep/files/nasa_19950801.tsv` 63 | - Run command this way: `./103-the_biggest_fan < nasa_19950801.tsv`. 64 | - Order by number of requests, most active host or IP at the top. 65 | - You are not allowed to use `grep`, `egrep`, `fgrep` or `rgrep`. 66 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------