├── .gitignore
├── ext4
├── __init__.py
├── metadata.py
├── direntry.py
├── structs.py
└── ext4.py
├── ext4extract.py
├── README.md
├── app.py
└── COPYING
/.gitignore:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | __pycache__/
2 | *.py[cod]
3 | *$py.class
4 | bin
5 | include
6 | lib
7 | lib64
8 | pyvenv.cfg
9 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/ext4/__init__.py:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | """
2 | ext4extract - Ext4 data extracting tool
3 | Copyright (C) 2017, HexEdit (IFProject)
4 |
5 | This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
6 | it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
7 | the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
8 | (at your option) any later version.
9 |
10 | This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
11 | but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
12 | MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
13 | GNU General Public License for more details.
14 |
15 | You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
16 | along with this program. If not, see .
17 | """
18 |
19 | from .ext4 import Ext4
20 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/ext4extract.py:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | #!/usr/bin/env python3
2 |
3 | """
4 | ext4extract - Ext4 data extracting tool
5 | Copyright (C) 2017, HexEdit (IFProject)
6 |
7 | This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
8 | it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9 | the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
10 | (at your option) any later version.
11 |
12 | This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 | but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 | MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
15 | GNU General Public License for more details.
16 |
17 | You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18 | along with this program. If not, see .
19 | """
20 |
21 | import sys
22 | from app import Application
23 |
24 |
25 | def exception_handler(exception_type, exception, traceback):
26 | del traceback
27 | sys.stderr.write("{}: {}\n".format(exception_type.__name__, exception))
28 |
29 |
30 | if __name__ == '__main__':
31 | sys.excepthook = exception_handler
32 | Application().run()
33 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/README.md:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | **Ext4 data extracting tool**
2 |
3 | Currently supports only 32-bit ext4, using extents, extracts only files/directories and symlinks with various options.
4 | *Mapped* file blocks are **not** supported.
5 |
6 | usage
7 | -----
8 |
9 | `ext4extract.py [-h] [-v] [-D DIRECTORY] [-S SYMLINKS] [-M METADATA]
10 | [--save-symlinks | --text-symlinks | --empty-symlinks | --skip-symlinks]
11 | filename`
12 |
13 | **positional arguments:**
14 |
15 | * **filename** - EXT4 device or image
16 |
17 | **optional arguments:**
18 |
19 | * **-h, --help** - show this help message and exit
20 |
21 | * **-v, --verbose** - verbose output
22 |
23 | * **-D DIRECTORY, --directory DIRECTORY** - set output directory
24 |
25 | * **-S SYMLINKS, --dump-symlink-table SYMLINKS** - generate symlink table
26 |
27 | * **-M METADATA, --dump-metadata METADATA** - generate inode metadata table (including extended attributes)
28 |
29 | * **Symlink options (mutually-exclusive)**
30 |
31 | * **--save-symlinks** - save symlinks as is (default)
32 |
33 | * **--text-symlinks** - save symlinks as text file
34 |
35 | * **--empty-symlinks** - save symlinks as empty file
36 |
37 | * **--skip-symlinks** - do not save symlinks
38 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/ext4/metadata.py:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | """
2 | ext4extract - Ext4 data extracting tool
3 | Copyright (C) 2017, HexEdit (IFProject)
4 |
5 | This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
6 | it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
7 | the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
8 | (at your option) any later version.
9 |
10 | This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
11 | but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
12 | MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
13 | GNU General Public License for more details.
14 |
15 | You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
16 | along with this program. If not, see .
17 | """
18 |
19 |
20 | class Metadata:
21 | def __init__(self, inode, itype, size, ctime, mtime, uid=0, gid=0, mode=0, xattr={}):
22 | self._attr = {
23 | 'inode': inode,
24 | 'type': itype,
25 | 'size': size,
26 | 'ctime': ctime,
27 | 'mtime': mtime,
28 | 'uid': uid,
29 | 'gid': gid,
30 | 'mode': mode
31 | }
32 | self._xattr = xattr
33 |
34 | def __str__(self):
35 | attr_s = []
36 | for key, value in self._attr.items():
37 | attr_s.append("{key}=\"{value}\"".format(
38 | key=key,
39 | value=value))
40 | for key, value in self._xattr.items():
41 | attr_s.append(
42 | key if value is None else "{key}=\"{value}\"".format(
43 | key=key,
44 | value=value.decode(
45 | 'unicode_escape').encode(
46 | 'unicode_escape').decode(
47 | 'ascii')))
48 | return " ".join(attr_s)
49 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/ext4/direntry.py:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | """
2 | ext4extract - Ext4 data extracting tool
3 | Copyright (C) 2017, HexEdit (IFProject)
4 |
5 | This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
6 | it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
7 | the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
8 | (at your option) any later version.
9 |
10 | This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
11 | but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
12 | MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
13 | GNU General Public License for more details.
14 |
15 | You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
16 | along with this program. If not, see .
17 | """
18 |
19 |
20 | class DirEntry:
21 | def __init__(self, inode=0, name=None, entry_type=0):
22 | self._inode = inode
23 | self._name = name
24 | self._type = entry_type
25 |
26 | def __str__(self):
27 | entry_type = [
28 | "Unknown",
29 | "Regular file",
30 | "Directory",
31 | "Character device file",
32 | "Block device file",
33 | "FIFO",
34 | "Socket",
35 | "Symbolic link"
36 | ][self._type]
37 | return "{name:24} ({type}, inode {inode})".format(inode=self._inode, name=self._name, type=entry_type)
38 |
39 | @property
40 | def inode(self):
41 | return self._inode
42 |
43 | @property
44 | def name(self):
45 | return self._name
46 |
47 | @property
48 | def type(self):
49 | return self._type
50 |
51 | @inode.setter
52 | def inode(self, x):
53 | self._inode = x
54 |
55 | @name.setter
56 | def name(self, x):
57 | self._name = x
58 |
59 | @type.setter
60 | def type(self, x):
61 | self._type = x
62 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/app.py:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | """
2 | ext4extract - Ext4 data extracting tool
3 | Copyright (C) 2017, HexEdit (IFProject)
4 |
5 | This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
6 | it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
7 | the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
8 | (at your option) any later version.
9 |
10 | This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
11 | but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
12 | MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
13 | GNU General Public License for more details.
14 |
15 | You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
16 | along with this program. If not, see .
17 | """
18 |
19 | import sys
20 | import argparse
21 | import os
22 | from ext4 import Ext4
23 |
24 |
25 | class Application(object):
26 | def __init__(self):
27 | self._args = None
28 | self._ext4 = None
29 | self._symltbl = None
30 | self._metatbl = None
31 |
32 | def _parse_args(self):
33 | parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
34 |
35 | parser.add_argument("-v", "--verbose", dest='verbose', help="verbose output",
36 | action='store_true')
37 | parser.add_argument("-D", "--directory", dest='directory', type=str, help="set output directory", default=".")
38 | parser.add_argument("-S", "--dump-symlink-table", dest='symlinks', type=str, help="Generate symlink table")
39 | parser.add_argument("-M", "--dump-metadata", dest='metadata', type=str, help="Generate inode metadata table")
40 | parser.add_argument("filename", type=str, help="EXT4 device or image")
41 |
42 | group = parser.add_mutually_exclusive_group()
43 | group.add_argument("--save-symlinks", help="save symlinks as is (default)", action='store_true')
44 | group.add_argument("--text-symlinks", help="save symlinks as text file", action='store_true')
45 | group.add_argument("--empty-symlinks", help="save symlinks as empty file", action='store_true')
46 | group.add_argument("--skip-symlinks", help="do not save symlinks", action='store_true')
47 |
48 | try:
49 | self._args = parser.parse_args()
50 | except SystemExit:
51 | sys.exit(2)
52 |
53 | def _extract_dir(self, dir_data, path, rpath='', name=None):
54 | assert self._ext4 is not None
55 | if name is not None:
56 | path = os.path.join(path, name)
57 | rpath = rpath + '/' + name
58 | try:
59 | os.mkdir(path)
60 | except FileExistsError:
61 | pass
62 |
63 | for de in dir_data:
64 | if de.name == '.' or de.name == '..':
65 | continue
66 | processed = False
67 | if self._metatbl is not None:
68 | self._write_meta(de, rpath)
69 | if de.type == 1: # regular file
70 | data, atime, mtime = self._ext4.read_file(de.inode)
71 | file = open(os.path.join(path, de.name), 'w+b')
72 | file.write(data)
73 | file.close()
74 | os.utime(file.name, (atime, mtime))
75 | processed = True
76 | elif de.type == 2: # directory
77 | self._extract_dir(self._ext4.read_dir(de.inode), path, rpath, de.name)
78 | elif de.type == 7: # symlink
79 | link = os.path.join(path, de.name)
80 | link_to = self._ext4.read_link(de.inode)
81 | if self._symltbl is not None:
82 | self._write_symlink(rpath + '/' + de.name, link_to)
83 | if self._args.skip_symlinks:
84 | continue
85 | if self._args.text_symlinks:
86 | link = open(link, "w+b")
87 | link.write(link_to.encode('utf-8'))
88 | link.close()
89 | elif self._args.empty_symlinks:
90 | open(link, "w+").close()
91 | else:
92 | os.symlink(link_to, link + ".tmp")
93 | os.rename(link + ".tmp", link)
94 | processed = True
95 | if processed and self._args.verbose:
96 | print(rpath + '/' + de.name)
97 |
98 | def _write_symlink(self, link, link_to):
99 | self._symltbl.write(
100 | "path=\"{link}\" target=\"{target}\"".format(
101 | link=link,
102 | target=link_to
103 | ) + os.linesep)
104 |
105 | def _write_meta(self, direntry, path):
106 | meta = self._ext4.read_meta(direntry.inode)
107 | self._metatbl.write(
108 | "path=\"{path}\" {meta}".format(
109 | meta=meta,
110 | path=os.path.join(path, direntry.name)
111 | ) + os.linesep)
112 |
113 | def _do_extract(self):
114 | self._ext4 = Ext4(self._args.filename)
115 | self._extract_dir(self._ext4.root, self._args.directory)
116 |
117 | def run(self):
118 | self._parse_args()
119 |
120 | if self._args.symlinks is not None:
121 | self._symltbl = open(self._args.symlinks, "w+")
122 | if self._args.metadata is not None:
123 | self._metatbl = open(self._args.metadata, "w+")
124 |
125 | self._do_extract()
126 |
127 | if self._symltbl is not None:
128 | self._symltbl.close()
129 | if self._metatbl is not None:
130 | self._metatbl.close()
131 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/ext4/structs.py:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | """
2 | ext4extract - Ext4 data extracting tool
3 | Copyright (C) 2017, HexEdit (IFProject)
4 |
5 | This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
6 | it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
7 | the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
8 | (at your option) any later version.
9 |
10 | This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
11 | but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
12 | MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
13 | GNU General Public License for more details.
14 |
15 | You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
16 | along with this program. If not, see .
17 | """
18 |
19 | from collections import namedtuple
20 | from struct import unpack
21 |
22 |
23 | __SUPERBLOCK_PACK__ = ".
17 | """
18 |
19 | from struct import unpack
20 |
21 | from .structs import *
22 | from .direntry import DirEntry
23 | from .metadata import Metadata
24 |
25 |
26 | class Ext4(object):
27 | def __init__(self, filename=None):
28 | self._ext4 = None
29 | self._superblock = None
30 | self._block_size = 1024
31 | self._backup_bgs = []
32 |
33 | if filename is not None:
34 | self.load(filename)
35 |
36 | def __str__(self):
37 | if self._superblock is None:
38 | return "Not loaded"
39 | else:
40 | volume_name = self._superblock.s_volume_name.decode('utf-8').rstrip('\0')
41 | mounted_at = self._superblock.s_last_mounted.decode('utf-8').rstrip('\0')
42 | if not mounted_at:
43 | mounted_at = "not mounted"
44 | return "Volume name: {}, last mounted at: {}".format(volume_name, mounted_at)
45 |
46 | @property
47 | def _has_sparse_super(self):
48 | return bool(self._superblock.s_feature_ro_compat & 0x1)
49 |
50 | @property
51 | def _has_sparse_super2(self):
52 | return bool(self._superblock.s_feature_compat & 0x200)
53 |
54 | def _read_group_descriptor(self, bg_num):
55 | gd_offset = (self._superblock.s_first_data_block + 1) * self._block_size \
56 | + (bg_num * self._superblock.s_desc_size)
57 | self._ext4.seek(gd_offset)
58 | return make_group_descriptor(self._ext4.read(32))
59 |
60 | @staticmethod
61 | def _test_root(a, b):
62 | while True:
63 | if a < b:
64 | return False
65 | if a == b:
66 | return True
67 | if a % b != 0:
68 | return False
69 | a /= b
70 |
71 | def _bg_has_super(self, bg_num):
72 | if bg_num == 0:
73 | return True
74 | if self._has_sparse_super2:
75 | if bg_num in self._backup_bgs:
76 | return True
77 | return False
78 | if bg_num <= 1:
79 | return True
80 | if not self._has_sparse_super:
81 | return True
82 | if not bg_num & 1:
83 | return False
84 | if self._test_root(bg_num, 3):
85 | return True
86 | if self._test_root(bg_num, 5):
87 | return True
88 | if self._test_root(bg_num, 7):
89 | return True
90 | return False
91 |
92 | def _read_inode(self, inode_num):
93 | inode_bg_num = (inode_num - 1) // self._superblock.s_inodes_per_group
94 | bg_inode_idx = (inode_num - 1) % self._superblock.s_inodes_per_group
95 | group_desc = self._read_group_descriptor(inode_bg_num)
96 | table_start = (inode_bg_num * self._superblock.s_blocks_per_group) \
97 | + group_desc.bg_inode_table_lo
98 | if not self._bg_has_super(inode_bg_num):
99 | table_start -= 2
100 | inode_offset = (table_start * self._block_size) \
101 | + (bg_inode_idx * self._superblock.s_inode_size)
102 | self._ext4.seek(inode_offset)
103 | return make_inode(self._ext4.read(128))
104 |
105 | def _read_inode_extra(self, inode_num):
106 | inode = self._read_inode(inode_num)
107 | extra = self._ext4.read(self._superblock.s_inode_size - 128)
108 | return inode, extra
109 |
110 | def _read_extent(self, data, extent_block):
111 | hdr = make_extent_header(extent_block[:12])
112 | if hdr.eh_magic != 0xf30a:
113 | raise RuntimeError("Bad extent magic")
114 |
115 | for eex in range(0, hdr.eh_entries):
116 | raw_offset = 12 + (eex * 12)
117 | entry_raw = extent_block[raw_offset:raw_offset + 12]
118 | if hdr.eh_depth == 0:
119 | entry = make_extent_entry(entry_raw)
120 | _start = entry.ee_block * self._block_size
121 | _size = entry.ee_len * self._block_size
122 | self._ext4.seek(entry.ee_start_lo * self._block_size)
123 | data[_start:_start + _size] = self._ext4.read(_size)
124 | else:
125 | index = make_extent_index(entry_raw)
126 | self._ext4.seek(index.ei_leaf_lo * self._block_size)
127 | lower_block = self._ext4.read(self._block_size)
128 | self._read_extent(data, lower_block)
129 |
130 | def _read_data(self, inode):
131 | data = b''
132 |
133 | if inode.i_size_lo == 0:
134 | pass
135 | elif inode.i_flags & 0x10000000 or (inode.i_mode & 0xf000 == 0xa000 and inode.i_size_lo <= 60):
136 | data = inode.i_block
137 | elif inode.i_flags & 0x80000:
138 | data = bytearray(inode.i_size_lo)
139 | self._read_extent(data, inode.i_block)
140 | else:
141 | raise RuntimeError("Mapped Inodes are not supported")
142 |
143 | return data
144 |
145 | def load(self, filename):
146 | self._ext4 = open(filename, "rb")
147 | self._ext4.seek(1024)
148 | self._superblock = make_superblock(self._ext4.read(256))
149 | if self._superblock.s_magic != 0xef53:
150 | raise RuntimeError("Bad superblock magic")
151 | incompat = self._superblock.s_feature_incompat
152 | for f_id in [0x1, 0x4, 0x10, 0x80, 0x200, 0x1000, 0x4000, 0x10000]:
153 | if incompat & f_id:
154 | raise RuntimeError("Unsupported feature ({:#x})".format(f_id))
155 | self._block_size = 2 ** (10 + self._superblock.s_log_block_size)
156 | if self._has_sparse_super2:
157 | self._ext4.seek(0x64c)
158 | self._backup_bgs = list(unpack('<2I', self._ext4.read(8)))
159 | else:
160 | self._backup_bgs = []
161 |
162 | def read_dir(self, inode_num):
163 | inode = self._read_inode(inode_num)
164 | dir_raw = self._read_data(inode)
165 | dir_data = list()
166 | offset = 0
167 | while offset < len(dir_raw):
168 | entry_raw = dir_raw[offset:offset + 8]
169 | entry = DirEntry()
170 | if self._superblock.s_feature_incompat & 0x2:
171 | dir_entry = make_dir_entry_v2(entry_raw)
172 | if dir_entry.inode == 0:
173 | break
174 | entry.type = dir_entry.file_type
175 | else:
176 | dir_entry = make_dir_entry(entry_raw)
177 | if dir_entry.inode == 0:
178 | break
179 | entry_inode = self._read_inode(dir_entry.inode)
180 | inode_type = entry_inode.i_mode & 0xf000
181 | if inode_type == 0x1000:
182 | entry.type = 5
183 | elif inode_type == 0x2000:
184 | entry.type = 3
185 | elif inode_type == 0x4000:
186 | entry.type = 2
187 | elif inode_type == 0x6000:
188 | entry.type = 4
189 | elif inode_type == 0x8000:
190 | entry.type = 1
191 | elif inode_type == 0xA000:
192 | entry.type = 7
193 | elif inode_type == 0xC000:
194 | entry.type = 6
195 | entry.inode = dir_entry.inode
196 | entry.name = dir_raw[offset + 8:offset + 8 + dir_entry.name_len].decode('utf-8')
197 | dir_data.append(entry)
198 | offset += dir_entry.rec_len
199 | return dir_data
200 |
201 | def read_file(self, inode_num):
202 | inode = self._read_inode(inode_num)
203 | return self._read_data(inode)[:inode.i_size_lo], inode.i_atime, inode.i_mtime
204 |
205 | def read_link(self, inode_num):
206 | inode = self._read_inode(inode_num)
207 | return self._read_data(inode)[:inode.i_size_lo].decode('utf-8')
208 |
209 | def read_xattr(self, inode, extra=None):
210 | xattr = {}
211 |
212 | if extra:
213 | extra_isize, = unpack('> 12 & 0xf,
270 | size=inode.i_size_lo,
271 | ctime=inode.i_ctime,
272 | mtime=inode.i_mtime,
273 | uid=inode.i_uid,
274 | gid=inode.i_gid,
275 | mode=inode.i_mode & 0xfff,
276 | xattr=self.read_xattr(inode, extra))
277 |
278 | @property
279 | def root(self):
280 | return self.read_dir(2)
281 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/COPYING:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
2 | Version 3, 29 June 2007
3 |
4 | Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
5 | Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
6 | of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
7 |
8 | Preamble
9 |
10 | The GNU General Public License is a free, copyleft license for
11 | software and other kinds of works.
12 |
13 | The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed
14 | to take away your freedom to share and change the works. By contrast,
15 | the GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to
16 | share and change all versions of a program--to make sure it remains free
17 | software for all its users. We, the Free Software Foundation, use the
18 | GNU General Public License for most of our software; it applies also to
19 | any other work released this way by its authors. You can apply it to
20 | your programs, too.
21 |
22 | When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
23 | price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
24 | have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
25 | them if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it if you
26 | want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it in new
27 | free programs, and that you know you can do these things.
28 |
29 | To protect your rights, we need to prevent others from denying you
30 | these rights or asking you to surrender the rights. Therefore, you have
31 | certain responsibilities if you distribute copies of the software, or if
32 | you modify it: responsibilities to respect the freedom of others.
33 |
34 | For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether
35 | gratis or for a fee, you must pass on to the recipients the same
36 | freedoms that you received. You must make sure that they, too, receive
37 | or can get the source code. And you must show them these terms so they
38 | know their rights.
39 |
40 | Developers that use the GNU GPL protect your rights with two steps:
41 | (1) assert copyright on the software, and (2) offer you this License
42 | giving you legal permission to copy, distribute and/or modify it.
43 |
44 | For the developers' and authors' protection, the GPL clearly explains
45 | that there is no warranty for this free software. For both users' and
46 | authors' sake, the GPL requires that modified versions be marked as
47 | changed, so that their problems will not be attributed erroneously to
48 | authors of previous versions.
49 |
50 | Some devices are designed to deny users access to install or run
51 | modified versions of the software inside them, although the manufacturer
52 | can do so. This is fundamentally incompatible with the aim of
53 | protecting users' freedom to change the software. The systematic
54 | pattern of such abuse occurs in the area of products for individuals to
55 | use, which is precisely where it is most unacceptable. Therefore, we
56 | have designed this version of the GPL to prohibit the practice for those
57 | products. If such problems arise substantially in other domains, we
58 | stand ready to extend this provision to those domains in future versions
59 | of the GPL, as needed to protect the freedom of users.
60 |
61 | Finally, every program is threatened constantly by software patents.
62 | States should not allow patents to restrict development and use of
63 | software on general-purpose computers, but in those that do, we wish to
64 | avoid the special danger that patents applied to a free program could
65 | make it effectively proprietary. To prevent this, the GPL assures that
66 | patents cannot be used to render the program non-free.
67 |
68 | The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
69 | modification follow.
70 |
71 | TERMS AND CONDITIONS
72 |
73 | 0. Definitions.
74 |
75 | "This License" refers to version 3 of the GNU General Public License.
76 |
77 | "Copyright" also means copyright-like laws that apply to other kinds of
78 | works, such as semiconductor masks.
79 |
80 | "The Program" refers to any copyrightable work licensed under this
81 | License. Each licensee is addressed as "you". "Licensees" and
82 | "recipients" may be individuals or organizations.
83 |
84 | To "modify" a work means to copy from or adapt all or part of the work
85 | in a fashion requiring copyright permission, other than the making of an
86 | exact copy. The resulting work is called a "modified version" of the
87 | earlier work or a work "based on" the earlier work.
88 |
89 | A "covered work" means either the unmodified Program or a work based
90 | on the Program.
91 |
92 | To "propagate" a work means to do anything with it that, without
93 | permission, would make you directly or secondarily liable for
94 | infringement under applicable copyright law, except executing it on a
95 | computer or modifying a private copy. Propagation includes copying,
96 | distribution (with or without modification), making available to the
97 | public, and in some countries other activities as well.
98 |
99 | To "convey" a work means any kind of propagation that enables other
100 | parties to make or receive copies. Mere interaction with a user through
101 | a computer network, with no transfer of a copy, is not conveying.
102 |
103 | An interactive user interface displays "Appropriate Legal Notices"
104 | to the extent that it includes a convenient and prominently visible
105 | feature that (1) displays an appropriate copyright notice, and (2)
106 | tells the user that there is no warranty for the work (except to the
107 | extent that warranties are provided), that licensees may convey the
108 | work under this License, and how to view a copy of this License. If
109 | the interface presents a list of user commands or options, such as a
110 | menu, a prominent item in the list meets this criterion.
111 |
112 | 1. Source Code.
113 |
114 | The "source code" for a work means the preferred form of the work
115 | for making modifications to it. "Object code" means any non-source
116 | form of a work.
117 |
118 | A "Standard Interface" means an interface that either is an official
119 | standard defined by a recognized standards body, or, in the case of
120 | interfaces specified for a particular programming language, one that
121 | is widely used among developers working in that language.
122 |
123 | The "System Libraries" of an executable work include anything, other
124 | than the work as a whole, that (a) is included in the normal form of
125 | packaging a Major Component, but which is not part of that Major
126 | Component, and (b) serves only to enable use of the work with that
127 | Major Component, or to implement a Standard Interface for which an
128 | implementation is available to the public in source code form. A
129 | "Major Component", in this context, means a major essential component
130 | (kernel, window system, and so on) of the specific operating system
131 | (if any) on which the executable work runs, or a compiler used to
132 | produce the work, or an object code interpreter used to run it.
133 |
134 | The "Corresponding Source" for a work in object code form means all
135 | the source code needed to generate, install, and (for an executable
136 | work) run the object code and to modify the work, including scripts to
137 | control those activities. However, it does not include the work's
138 | System Libraries, or general-purpose tools or generally available free
139 | programs which are used unmodified in performing those activities but
140 | which are not part of the work. For example, Corresponding Source
141 | includes interface definition files associated with source files for
142 | the work, and the source code for shared libraries and dynamically
143 | linked subprograms that the work is specifically designed to require,
144 | such as by intimate data communication or control flow between those
145 | subprograms and other parts of the work.
146 |
147 | The Corresponding Source need not include anything that users
148 | can regenerate automatically from other parts of the Corresponding
149 | Source.
150 |
151 | The Corresponding Source for a work in source code form is that
152 | same work.
153 |
154 | 2. Basic Permissions.
155 |
156 | All rights granted under this License are granted for the term of
157 | copyright on the Program, and are irrevocable provided the stated
158 | conditions are met. This License explicitly affirms your unlimited
159 | permission to run the unmodified Program. The output from running a
160 | covered work is covered by this License only if the output, given its
161 | content, constitutes a covered work. This License acknowledges your
162 | rights of fair use or other equivalent, as provided by copyright law.
163 |
164 | You may make, run and propagate covered works that you do not
165 | convey, without conditions so long as your license otherwise remains
166 | in force. You may convey covered works to others for the sole purpose
167 | of having them make modifications exclusively for you, or provide you
168 | with facilities for running those works, provided that you comply with
169 | the terms of this License in conveying all material for which you do
170 | not control copyright. Those thus making or running the covered works
171 | for you must do so exclusively on your behalf, under your direction
172 | and control, on terms that prohibit them from making any copies of
173 | your copyrighted material outside their relationship with you.
174 |
175 | Conveying under any other circumstances is permitted solely under
176 | the conditions stated below. Sublicensing is not allowed; section 10
177 | makes it unnecessary.
178 |
179 | 3. Protecting Users' Legal Rights From Anti-Circumvention Law.
180 |
181 | No covered work shall be deemed part of an effective technological
182 | measure under any applicable law fulfilling obligations under article
183 | 11 of the WIPO copyright treaty adopted on 20 December 1996, or
184 | similar laws prohibiting or restricting circumvention of such
185 | measures.
186 |
187 | When you convey a covered work, you waive any legal power to forbid
188 | circumvention of technological measures to the extent such circumvention
189 | is effected by exercising rights under this License with respect to
190 | the covered work, and you disclaim any intention to limit operation or
191 | modification of the work as a means of enforcing, against the work's
192 | users, your or third parties' legal rights to forbid circumvention of
193 | technological measures.
194 |
195 | 4. Conveying Verbatim Copies.
196 |
197 | You may convey verbatim copies of the Program's source code as you
198 | receive it, in any medium, provided that you conspicuously and
199 | appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate copyright notice;
200 | keep intact all notices stating that this License and any
201 | non-permissive terms added in accord with section 7 apply to the code;
202 | keep intact all notices of the absence of any warranty; and give all
203 | recipients a copy of this License along with the Program.
204 |
205 | You may charge any price or no price for each copy that you convey,
206 | and you may offer support or warranty protection for a fee.
207 |
208 | 5. Conveying Modified Source Versions.
209 |
210 | You may convey a work based on the Program, or the modifications to
211 | produce it from the Program, in the form of source code under the
212 | terms of section 4, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:
213 |
214 | a) The work must carry prominent notices stating that you modified
215 | it, and giving a relevant date.
216 |
217 | b) The work must carry prominent notices stating that it is
218 | released under this License and any conditions added under section
219 | 7. This requirement modifies the requirement in section 4 to
220 | "keep intact all notices".
221 |
222 | c) You must license the entire work, as a whole, under this
223 | License to anyone who comes into possession of a copy. This
224 | License will therefore apply, along with any applicable section 7
225 | additional terms, to the whole of the work, and all its parts,
226 | regardless of how they are packaged. This License gives no
227 | permission to license the work in any other way, but it does not
228 | invalidate such permission if you have separately received it.
229 |
230 | d) If the work has interactive user interfaces, each must display
231 | Appropriate Legal Notices; however, if the Program has interactive
232 | interfaces that do not display Appropriate Legal Notices, your
233 | work need not make them do so.
234 |
235 | A compilation of a covered work with other separate and independent
236 | works, which are not by their nature extensions of the covered work,
237 | and which are not combined with it such as to form a larger program,
238 | in or on a volume of a storage or distribution medium, is called an
239 | "aggregate" if the compilation and its resulting copyright are not
240 | used to limit the access or legal rights of the compilation's users
241 | beyond what the individual works permit. Inclusion of a covered work
242 | in an aggregate does not cause this License to apply to the other
243 | parts of the aggregate.
244 |
245 | 6. Conveying Non-Source Forms.
246 |
247 | You may convey a covered work in object code form under the terms
248 | of sections 4 and 5, provided that you also convey the
249 | machine-readable Corresponding Source under the terms of this License,
250 | in one of these ways:
251 |
252 | a) Convey the object code in, or embodied in, a physical product
253 | (including a physical distribution medium), accompanied by the
254 | Corresponding Source fixed on a durable physical medium
255 | customarily used for software interchange.
256 |
257 | b) Convey the object code in, or embodied in, a physical product
258 | (including a physical distribution medium), accompanied by a
259 | written offer, valid for at least three years and valid for as
260 | long as you offer spare parts or customer support for that product
261 | model, to give anyone who possesses the object code either (1) a
262 | copy of the Corresponding Source for all the software in the
263 | product that is covered by this License, on a durable physical
264 | medium customarily used for software interchange, for a price no
265 | more than your reasonable cost of physically performing this
266 | conveying of source, or (2) access to copy the
267 | Corresponding Source from a network server at no charge.
268 |
269 | c) Convey individual copies of the object code with a copy of the
270 | written offer to provide the Corresponding Source. This
271 | alternative is allowed only occasionally and noncommercially, and
272 | only if you received the object code with such an offer, in accord
273 | with subsection 6b.
274 |
275 | d) Convey the object code by offering access from a designated
276 | place (gratis or for a charge), and offer equivalent access to the
277 | Corresponding Source in the same way through the same place at no
278 | further charge. You need not require recipients to copy the
279 | Corresponding Source along with the object code. If the place to
280 | copy the object code is a network server, the Corresponding Source
281 | may be on a different server (operated by you or a third party)
282 | that supports equivalent copying facilities, provided you maintain
283 | clear directions next to the object code saying where to find the
284 | Corresponding Source. Regardless of what server hosts the
285 | Corresponding Source, you remain obligated to ensure that it is
286 | available for as long as needed to satisfy these requirements.
287 |
288 | e) Convey the object code using peer-to-peer transmission, provided
289 | you inform other peers where the object code and Corresponding
290 | Source of the work are being offered to the general public at no
291 | charge under subsection 6d.
292 |
293 | A separable portion of the object code, whose source code is excluded
294 | from the Corresponding Source as a System Library, need not be
295 | included in conveying the object code work.
296 |
297 | A "User Product" is either (1) a "consumer product", which means any
298 | tangible personal property which is normally used for personal, family,
299 | or household purposes, or (2) anything designed or sold for incorporation
300 | into a dwelling. In determining whether a product is a consumer product,
301 | doubtful cases shall be resolved in favor of coverage. For a particular
302 | product received by a particular user, "normally used" refers to a
303 | typical or common use of that class of product, regardless of the status
304 | of the particular user or of the way in which the particular user
305 | actually uses, or expects or is expected to use, the product. A product
306 | is a consumer product regardless of whether the product has substantial
307 | commercial, industrial or non-consumer uses, unless such uses represent
308 | the only significant mode of use of the product.
309 |
310 | "Installation Information" for a User Product means any methods,
311 | procedures, authorization keys, or other information required to install
312 | and execute modified versions of a covered work in that User Product from
313 | a modified version of its Corresponding Source. The information must
314 | suffice to ensure that the continued functioning of the modified object
315 | code is in no case prevented or interfered with solely because
316 | modification has been made.
317 |
318 | If you convey an object code work under this section in, or with, or
319 | specifically for use in, a User Product, and the conveying occurs as
320 | part of a transaction in which the right of possession and use of the
321 | User Product is transferred to the recipient in perpetuity or for a
322 | fixed term (regardless of how the transaction is characterized), the
323 | Corresponding Source conveyed under this section must be accompanied
324 | by the Installation Information. But this requirement does not apply
325 | if neither you nor any third party retains the ability to install
326 | modified object code on the User Product (for example, the work has
327 | been installed in ROM).
328 |
329 | The requirement to provide Installation Information does not include a
330 | requirement to continue to provide support service, warranty, or updates
331 | for a work that has been modified or installed by the recipient, or for
332 | the User Product in which it has been modified or installed. Access to a
333 | network may be denied when the modification itself materially and
334 | adversely affects the operation of the network or violates the rules and
335 | protocols for communication across the network.
336 |
337 | Corresponding Source conveyed, and Installation Information provided,
338 | in accord with this section must be in a format that is publicly
339 | documented (and with an implementation available to the public in
340 | source code form), and must require no special password or key for
341 | unpacking, reading or copying.
342 |
343 | 7. Additional Terms.
344 |
345 | "Additional permissions" are terms that supplement the terms of this
346 | License by making exceptions from one or more of its conditions.
347 | Additional permissions that are applicable to the entire Program shall
348 | be treated as though they were included in this License, to the extent
349 | that they are valid under applicable law. If additional permissions
350 | apply only to part of the Program, that part may be used separately
351 | under those permissions, but the entire Program remains governed by
352 | this License without regard to the additional permissions.
353 |
354 | When you convey a copy of a covered work, you may at your option
355 | remove any additional permissions from that copy, or from any part of
356 | it. (Additional permissions may be written to require their own
357 | removal in certain cases when you modify the work.) You may place
358 | additional permissions on material, added by you to a covered work,
359 | for which you have or can give appropriate copyright permission.
360 |
361 | Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, for material you
362 | add to a covered work, you may (if authorized by the copyright holders of
363 | that material) supplement the terms of this License with terms:
364 |
365 | a) Disclaiming warranty or limiting liability differently from the
366 | terms of sections 15 and 16 of this License; or
367 |
368 | b) Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
369 | author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
370 | Notices displayed by works containing it; or
371 |
372 | c) Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material, or
373 | requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
374 | reasonable ways as different from the original version; or
375 |
376 | d) Limiting the use for publicity purposes of names of licensors or
377 | authors of the material; or
378 |
379 | e) Declining to grant rights under trademark law for use of some
380 | trade names, trademarks, or service marks; or
381 |
382 | f) Requiring indemnification of licensors and authors of that
383 | material by anyone who conveys the material (or modified versions of
384 | it) with contractual assumptions of liability to the recipient, for
385 | any liability that these contractual assumptions directly impose on
386 | those licensors and authors.
387 |
388 | All other non-permissive additional terms are considered "further
389 | restrictions" within the meaning of section 10. If the Program as you
390 | received it, or any part of it, contains a notice stating that it is
391 | governed by this License along with a term that is a further
392 | restriction, you may remove that term. If a license document contains
393 | a further restriction but permits relicensing or conveying under this
394 | License, you may add to a covered work material governed by the terms
395 | of that license document, provided that the further restriction does
396 | not survive such relicensing or conveying.
397 |
398 | If you add terms to a covered work in accord with this section, you
399 | must place, in the relevant source files, a statement of the
400 | additional terms that apply to those files, or a notice indicating
401 | where to find the applicable terms.
402 |
403 | Additional terms, permissive or non-permissive, may be stated in the
404 | form of a separately written license, or stated as exceptions;
405 | the above requirements apply either way.
406 |
407 | 8. Termination.
408 |
409 | You may not propagate or modify a covered work except as expressly
410 | provided under this License. Any attempt otherwise to propagate or
411 | modify it is void, and will automatically terminate your rights under
412 | this License (including any patent licenses granted under the third
413 | paragraph of section 11).
414 |
415 | However, if you cease all violation of this License, then your
416 | license from a particular copyright holder is reinstated (a)
417 | provisionally, unless and until the copyright holder explicitly and
418 | finally terminates your license, and (b) permanently, if the copyright
419 | holder fails to notify you of the violation by some reasonable means
420 | prior to 60 days after the cessation.
421 |
422 | Moreover, your license from a particular copyright holder is
423 | reinstated permanently if the copyright holder notifies you of the
424 | violation by some reasonable means, this is the first time you have
425 | received notice of violation of this License (for any work) from that
426 | copyright holder, and you cure the violation prior to 30 days after
427 | your receipt of the notice.
428 |
429 | Termination of your rights under this section does not terminate the
430 | licenses of parties who have received copies or rights from you under
431 | this License. If your rights have been terminated and not permanently
432 | reinstated, you do not qualify to receive new licenses for the same
433 | material under section 10.
434 |
435 | 9. Acceptance Not Required for Having Copies.
436 |
437 | You are not required to accept this License in order to receive or
438 | run a copy of the Program. Ancillary propagation of a covered work
439 | occurring solely as a consequence of using peer-to-peer transmission
440 | to receive a copy likewise does not require acceptance. However,
441 | nothing other than this License grants you permission to propagate or
442 | modify any covered work. These actions infringe copyright if you do
443 | not accept this License. Therefore, by modifying or propagating a
444 | covered work, you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so.
445 |
446 | 10. Automatic Licensing of Downstream Recipients.
447 |
448 | Each time you convey a covered work, the recipient automatically
449 | receives a license from the original licensors, to run, modify and
450 | propagate that work, subject to this License. You are not responsible
451 | for enforcing compliance by third parties with this License.
452 |
453 | An "entity transaction" is a transaction transferring control of an
454 | organization, or substantially all assets of one, or subdividing an
455 | organization, or merging organizations. If propagation of a covered
456 | work results from an entity transaction, each party to that
457 | transaction who receives a copy of the work also receives whatever
458 | licenses to the work the party's predecessor in interest had or could
459 | give under the previous paragraph, plus a right to possession of the
460 | Corresponding Source of the work from the predecessor in interest, if
461 | the predecessor has it or can get it with reasonable efforts.
462 |
463 | You may not impose any further restrictions on the exercise of the
464 | rights granted or affirmed under this License. For example, you may
465 | not impose a license fee, royalty, or other charge for exercise of
466 | rights granted under this License, and you may not initiate litigation
467 | (including a cross-claim or counterclaim in a lawsuit) alleging that
468 | any patent claim is infringed by making, using, selling, offering for
469 | sale, or importing the Program or any portion of it.
470 |
471 | 11. Patents.
472 |
473 | A "contributor" is a copyright holder who authorizes use under this
474 | License of the Program or a work on which the Program is based. The
475 | work thus licensed is called the contributor's "contributor version".
476 |
477 | A contributor's "essential patent claims" are all patent claims
478 | owned or controlled by the contributor, whether already acquired or
479 | hereafter acquired, that would be infringed by some manner, permitted
480 | by this License, of making, using, or selling its contributor version,
481 | but do not include claims that would be infringed only as a
482 | consequence of further modification of the contributor version. For
483 | purposes of this definition, "control" includes the right to grant
484 | patent sublicenses in a manner consistent with the requirements of
485 | this License.
486 |
487 | Each contributor grants you a non-exclusive, worldwide, royalty-free
488 | patent license under the contributor's essential patent claims, to
489 | make, use, sell, offer for sale, import and otherwise run, modify and
490 | propagate the contents of its contributor version.
491 |
492 | In the following three paragraphs, a "patent license" is any express
493 | agreement or commitment, however denominated, not to enforce a patent
494 | (such as an express permission to practice a patent or covenant not to
495 | sue for patent infringement). To "grant" such a patent license to a
496 | party means to make such an agreement or commitment not to enforce a
497 | patent against the party.
498 |
499 | If you convey a covered work, knowingly relying on a patent license,
500 | and the Corresponding Source of the work is not available for anyone
501 | to copy, free of charge and under the terms of this License, through a
502 | publicly available network server or other readily accessible means,
503 | then you must either (1) cause the Corresponding Source to be so
504 | available, or (2) arrange to deprive yourself of the benefit of the
505 | patent license for this particular work, or (3) arrange, in a manner
506 | consistent with the requirements of this License, to extend the patent
507 | license to downstream recipients. "Knowingly relying" means you have
508 | actual knowledge that, but for the patent license, your conveying the
509 | covered work in a country, or your recipient's use of the covered work
510 | in a country, would infringe one or more identifiable patents in that
511 | country that you have reason to believe are valid.
512 |
513 | If, pursuant to or in connection with a single transaction or
514 | arrangement, you convey, or propagate by procuring conveyance of, a
515 | covered work, and grant a patent license to some of the parties
516 | receiving the covered work authorizing them to use, propagate, modify
517 | or convey a specific copy of the covered work, then the patent license
518 | you grant is automatically extended to all recipients of the covered
519 | work and works based on it.
520 |
521 | A patent license is "discriminatory" if it does not include within
522 | the scope of its coverage, prohibits the exercise of, or is
523 | conditioned on the non-exercise of one or more of the rights that are
524 | specifically granted under this License. You may not convey a covered
525 | work if you are a party to an arrangement with a third party that is
526 | in the business of distributing software, under which you make payment
527 | to the third party based on the extent of your activity of conveying
528 | the work, and under which the third party grants, to any of the
529 | parties who would receive the covered work from you, a discriminatory
530 | patent license (a) in connection with copies of the covered work
531 | conveyed by you (or copies made from those copies), or (b) primarily
532 | for and in connection with specific products or compilations that
533 | contain the covered work, unless you entered into that arrangement,
534 | or that patent license was granted, prior to 28 March 2007.
535 |
536 | Nothing in this License shall be construed as excluding or limiting
537 | any implied license or other defenses to infringement that may
538 | otherwise be available to you under applicable patent law.
539 |
540 | 12. No Surrender of Others' Freedom.
541 |
542 | If conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
543 | otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
544 | excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot convey a
545 | covered work so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this
546 | License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you may
547 | not convey it at all. For example, if you agree to terms that obligate you
548 | to collect a royalty for further conveying from those to whom you convey
549 | the Program, the only way you could satisfy both those terms and this
550 | License would be to refrain entirely from conveying the Program.
551 |
552 | 13. Use with the GNU Affero General Public License.
553 |
554 | Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, you have
555 | permission to link or combine any covered work with a work licensed
556 | under version 3 of the GNU Affero General Public License into a single
557 | combined work, and to convey the resulting work. The terms of this
558 | License will continue to apply to the part which is the covered work,
559 | but the special requirements of the GNU Affero General Public License,
560 | section 13, concerning interaction through a network will apply to the
561 | combination as such.
562 |
563 | 14. Revised Versions of this License.
564 |
565 | The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of
566 | the GNU General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will
567 | be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
568 | address new problems or concerns.
569 |
570 | Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the
571 | Program specifies that a certain numbered version of the GNU General
572 | Public License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the
573 | option of following the terms and conditions either of that numbered
574 | version or of any later version published by the Free Software
575 | Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of the
576 | GNU General Public License, you may choose any version ever published
577 | by the Free Software Foundation.
578 |
579 | If the Program specifies that a proxy can decide which future
580 | versions of the GNU General Public License can be used, that proxy's
581 | public statement of acceptance of a version permanently authorizes you
582 | to choose that version for the Program.
583 |
584 | Later license versions may give you additional or different
585 | permissions. However, no additional obligations are imposed on any
586 | author or copyright holder as a result of your choosing to follow a
587 | later version.
588 |
589 | 15. Disclaimer of Warranty.
590 |
591 | THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY
592 | APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT
593 | HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY
594 | OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
595 | THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
596 | PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM
597 | IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF
598 | ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
599 |
600 | 16. Limitation of Liability.
601 |
602 | IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
603 | WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES AND/OR CONVEYS
604 | THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY
605 | GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE
606 | USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF
607 | DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD
608 | PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS),
609 | EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
610 | SUCH DAMAGES.
611 |
612 | 17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16.
613 |
614 | If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided
615 | above cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms,
616 | reviewing courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates
617 | an absolute waiver of all civil liability in connection with the
618 | Program, unless a warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a
619 | copy of the Program in return for a fee.
620 |
621 | END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
622 |
623 | How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
624 |
625 | If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
626 | possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
627 | free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
628 |
629 | To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest
630 | to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
631 | state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
632 | the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
633 |
634 |
635 | Copyright (C)
636 |
637 | This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
638 | it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
639 | the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
640 | (at your option) any later version.
641 |
642 | This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
643 | but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
644 | MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
645 | GNU General Public License for more details.
646 |
647 | You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
648 | along with this program. If not, see .
649 |
650 | Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
651 |
652 | If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short
653 | notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:
654 |
655 | Copyright (C)
656 | This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
657 | This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
658 | under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
659 |
660 | The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
661 | parts of the General Public License. Of course, your program's commands
662 | might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an "about box".
663 |
664 | You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school,
665 | if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary.
666 | For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see
667 | .
668 |
669 | The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program
670 | into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you
671 | may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with
672 | the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General
673 | Public License instead of this License. But first, please read
674 | .
675 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------