├── images
└── crosshair.jpg
├── README.asciidoc
├── package.xml
├── scripts
├── wheel_scaler.py
├── twist_to_motors.py
├── wheel_loopback.py
├── virtual_joystick.py
├── pid_velocity.py
└── diff_tf.py
├── CMakeLists.txt
└── LICENSE
/images/crosshair.jpg:
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https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jfstepha/differential-drive/HEAD/images/crosshair.jpg
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/README.asciidoc:
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1 | = differential-drive
2 |
3 | This is the `differential_drive` ROS package written by Jon Stephan.
4 | The originally published version of the package was released on
5 | Google Code. When Google Code was archived, a copy was pulled into
6 | GitHub.
7 |
8 | The original package was written for ROS Groovy. In 2015 Mark Rose
9 | made minor source changes to update the package for ROS Hydro and above,
10 | moving to catkin, removing code warnings,
11 | and changing the package layout to match current ROS guidelines.
12 |
13 | ROS package page::
14 | http://wiki.ros.org/differential_drive
15 |
16 | Jon Stephan’s repository location::
17 | https://github.com/jfstepha/differential-drive
18 |
19 | Original, archived code repository::
20 | https://code.google.com/p/differential-drive/
21 |
22 | == API Docs
23 |
24 | Please refer to the ROS Wiki page for this package for API information:
25 | http://wiki.ros.org/differential_drive.
26 |
27 | == License
28 |
29 | The code is licensed under the terms of the Gnu General Public
30 | License, Version 3. See the file `LICENSE` for details.
31 |
32 |
33 |
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/package.xml:
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1 |
2 |
3 | differential_drive
4 | 0.1.0
5 |
6 | The differential_drive packageProvides some basic tools for interfacing a differential-drive
7 | robot with the ROS navigation stack. The intent is to make this
8 | independent of specific robot implementation.
9 |
10 |
11 | Jon Stephan
12 |
13 | GPLv3
14 |
15 | https://github.com/jstepha/differential_drive
16 | https://code.google.com/p/differential-drive/
17 |
18 | Jon Stephan
19 | Mark Rose
20 |
21 | catkin
22 | rospy
23 | std_msgs
24 | tf
25 | rospy
26 | std_msgs
27 | tf
28 |
29 |
30 |
31 |
32 |
33 |
34 |
35 |
36 |
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/scripts/wheel_scaler.py:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | #!/usr/bin/env python
2 |
3 | """
4 | wheel_scaler
5 | scales the wheel readings (and inverts the sign)
6 |
7 | Copyright (C) 2012 Jon Stephan.
8 |
9 | This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
10 | it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
11 | the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
12 | (at your option) any later version.
13 |
14 | This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
15 | but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
16 | MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
17 | GNU General Public License for more details.
18 |
19 | You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
20 | along with this program. If not, see .
21 |
22 | """
23 |
24 | import rospy
25 | import roslib
26 |
27 | from std_msgs.msg import Int16
28 |
29 | def scaleWheel():
30 | rospy.init_node("wheel_scaler")
31 | rospy.loginfo("wheel_scaler started")
32 |
33 | scale = rospy.get_param('distance_scale', 1)
34 | rospy.loginfo("wheel_scaler scale: %0.2f", scale)
35 |
36 | rospy.Subscriber("lwheel", Int16, lwheelCallback)
37 | rospy.Subscriber("rwheel", Int16, rwheelCallback)
38 |
39 | lscaled_pub = rospy.Publisher("lwheel_scaled", Int16, queue_size=10)
40 | rscaled_pub = rospy.Publisher("rwheel_scaled", Int16, queue_size=10)
41 |
42 | ### testing sleep CPU usage
43 | r = rospy.Rate(50)
44 | while not rospy.is_shutdown:
45 | r.sleep()
46 |
47 | rospy.spin()
48 |
49 | def lwheelCallback(msg):
50 | lscaled_pub.publish( msg.data * -1 * scale)
51 |
52 | def rwheelCallback(msg):
53 | rscaled_pub.publish( msg.data * -1 * scale)
54 |
55 |
56 | if __name__ == '__main__':
57 | """main"""
58 | try:
59 | scaleWheel()
60 | except rospy.ROSInterruptException:
61 | pass
62 |
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/scripts/twist_to_motors.py:
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1 | #!/usr/bin/env python
2 | """
3 | twist_to_motors - converts a twist message to motor commands. Needed for navigation stack
4 |
5 |
6 | Copyright (C) 2012 Jon Stephan.
7 |
8 | This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
9 | it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
10 | the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
11 | (at your option) any later version.
12 |
13 | This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
14 | but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
15 | MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
16 | GNU General Public License for more details.
17 |
18 | You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
19 | along with this program. If not, see .
20 | """
21 |
22 | import rospy
23 | import roslib
24 | from std_msgs.msg import Float32
25 | from geometry_msgs.msg import Twist
26 |
27 | #############################################################
28 | #############################################################
29 | class TwistToMotors():
30 | #############################################################
31 | #############################################################
32 |
33 | #############################################################
34 | def __init__(self):
35 | #############################################################
36 | rospy.init_node("twist_to_motors")
37 | nodename = rospy.get_name()
38 | rospy.loginfo("%s started" % nodename)
39 |
40 | self.w = rospy.get_param("~base_width", 0.2)
41 |
42 | self.pub_lmotor = rospy.Publisher('lwheel_vtarget', Float32, queue_size=10)
43 | self.pub_rmotor = rospy.Publisher('rwheel_vtarget', Float32, queue_size=10)
44 | rospy.Subscriber('twist', Twist, self.twistCallback)
45 |
46 |
47 | self.rate = rospy.get_param("~rate", 50)
48 | self.timeout_ticks = rospy.get_param("~timeout_ticks", 2)
49 | self.left = 0
50 | self.right = 0
51 |
52 | #############################################################
53 | def spin(self):
54 | #############################################################
55 |
56 | r = rospy.Rate(self.rate)
57 | idle = rospy.Rate(10)
58 | then = rospy.Time.now()
59 | self.ticks_since_target = self.timeout_ticks
60 |
61 | ###### main loop ######
62 | while not rospy.is_shutdown():
63 |
64 | while not rospy.is_shutdown() and self.ticks_since_target < self.timeout_ticks:
65 | self.spinOnce()
66 | r.sleep()
67 | idle.sleep()
68 |
69 | #############################################################
70 | def spinOnce(self):
71 | #############################################################
72 |
73 | # dx = (l + r) / 2
74 | # dr = (r - l) / w
75 |
76 | self.right = 1.0 * self.dx + self.dr * self.w / 2
77 | self.left = 1.0 * self.dx - self.dr * self.w / 2
78 | # rospy.loginfo("publishing: (%d, %d)", left, right)
79 |
80 | self.pub_lmotor.publish(self.left)
81 | self.pub_rmotor.publish(self.right)
82 |
83 | self.ticks_since_target += 1
84 |
85 | #############################################################
86 | def twistCallback(self,msg):
87 | #############################################################
88 | # rospy.loginfo("-D- twistCallback: %s" % str(msg))
89 | self.ticks_since_target = 0
90 | self.dx = msg.linear.x
91 | self.dr = msg.angular.z
92 | self.dy = msg.linear.y
93 |
94 | #############################################################
95 | #############################################################
96 | if __name__ == '__main__':
97 | """ main """
98 | try:
99 | twistToMotors = TwistToMotors()
100 | twistToMotors.spin()
101 | except rospy.ROSInterruptException:
102 | pass
103 |
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/scripts/wheel_loopback.py:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | #!/usr/bin/env python
2 | """
3 | wheel_loopback - simulates a wheel - just for testing
4 |
5 | """
6 |
7 | #!/usr/bin/env python
8 | # Copyright 2012 Jon Stephan
9 | # jfstepha@gmail.com
10 | #
11 | # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
12 | # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
13 | # the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
14 | # (at your option) any later version.
15 | #
16 | # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
17 | # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
18 | # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
19 | # GNU General Public License for more details.
20 | #
21 | # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
22 | # along with this program. If not, see .
23 |
24 | import rospy
25 | import roslib
26 | from std_msgs.msg import Float32
27 | from std_msgs.msg import Int16
28 |
29 | ################################################
30 | ################################################
31 | class WheelLoopback():
32 | ################################################
33 | ################################################
34 |
35 | ###############################################
36 | def __init__(self):
37 | ###############################################
38 | rospy.init_node("wheel_loopback");
39 | self.nodename = rospy.get_name()
40 | rospy.loginfo("%s started" % self.nodename)
41 |
42 | self.rate = rospy.get_param("~rate", 200)
43 | self.timeout_secs = rospy.get_param("~timeout_secs", 0.5)
44 | self.ticks_meter = float(rospy.get_param('~ticks_meter', 50))
45 | self.velocity_scale = float(rospy.get_param('~velocity_scale', 255))
46 | self.latest_motor = 0
47 |
48 | self.wheel = 0
49 |
50 | rospy.Subscriber('motor', Int16, self.motor_callback)
51 |
52 | self.pub_wheel = rospy.Publisher('wheel', Int16, queue_size=10)
53 |
54 | ###############################################
55 | def spin(self):
56 | ###############################################
57 | r = rospy.Rate
58 | self.secs_since_target = self.timeout_secs
59 | self.then = rospy.Time.now()
60 | self.latest_msg_time = rospy.Time.now()
61 | rospy.loginfo("-D- spinning")
62 |
63 | ###### main loop #########
64 | while not rospy.is_shutdown():
65 | while not rospy.is_shutdown() and self.secs_since_target < self.timeout_secs:
66 | self.spinOnce()
67 | r.sleep
68 | self.secs_since_target = rospy.Time.now() - self.latest_msg_time
69 | self.secs_since_target = self.secs_since_target.to_sec()
70 | #rospy.loginfo(" inside: secs_since_target: %0.3f" % self.secs_since_target)
71 |
72 | # it's been more than timeout_ticks since we recieved a message
73 | self.secs_since_target = rospy.Time.now() - self.latest_msg_time
74 | self.secs_since_target = self.secs_since_target.to_sec()
75 | # rospy.loginfo(" outside: secs_since_target: %0.3f" % self.secs_since_target)
76 | self.velocity = 0
77 | r.sleep
78 |
79 | ###############################################
80 | def spinOnce(self):
81 | ###############################################
82 | self.velocity = self.latest_motor / self.velocity_scale
83 | if abs(self.velocity) > 0:
84 | self.seconds_per_tick = abs( 1 / (self.velocity * self.ticks_meter))
85 | elapsed = rospy.Time.now() - self.then
86 | elapsed = elapsed.to_sec()
87 | rospy.loginfo("spinOnce: vel=%0.3f sec/tick=%0.3f elapsed:%0.3f" % (self.velocity, self.seconds_per_tick, elapsed))
88 |
89 | if (elapsed > self.seconds_per_tick):
90 | rospy.loginfo("incrementing wheel")
91 | if self.velocity > 0:
92 | self.wheel += 1
93 | else:
94 | self.wheel -= 1
95 | self.pub_wheel.publish(self.wheel)
96 | self.then = rospy.Time.now()
97 |
98 |
99 |
100 | ###############################################
101 | def motor_callback(self, msg):
102 | ###############################################
103 | # rospy.loginfo("%s recieved %d" % (self.nodename, msg.data))
104 | self.latest_motor = msg.data
105 | self.latest_msg_time = rospy.Time.now()
106 |
107 |
108 |
109 | ################################################
110 | ################################################
111 | if __name__ == '__main__':
112 | """ main """
113 | try:
114 | wheelLoopback = WheelLoopback()
115 | wheelLoopback.spin()
116 | except rospy.ROSInterruptException:
117 | pass
118 |
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/scripts/virtual_joystick.py:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | #!/usr/bin/env python
2 |
3 | """
4 |
5 | Copyright (C) 2012 Jon Stephan.
6 |
7 | This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
8 | it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9 | the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
10 | (at your option) any later version.
11 |
12 | This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 | but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 | MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
15 | GNU General Public License for more details.
16 |
17 | You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18 | along with this program. If not, see .
19 |
20 | """
21 | import sys
22 |
23 | import roslib; roslib.load_manifest('differential_drive')
24 | import rospy
25 | from geometry_msgs.msg import Twist
26 | import inspect, os
27 |
28 |
29 | from PySide import QtGui, QtCore
30 |
31 | ##########################################################################
32 | ##########################################################################
33 | class MainWindow(QtGui.QMainWindow):
34 | ##########################################################################
35 | ##########################################################################
36 |
37 | #####################################################################
38 | def __init__(self):
39 | #####################################################################
40 | super(MainWindow, self).__init__()
41 | self.timer_rate = rospy.get_param('~publish_rate', 50)
42 | self.pub_twist = rospy.Publisher('twist', Twist, queue_size=10)
43 |
44 | self.initUI()
45 |
46 | #####################################################################
47 | def initUI(self):
48 | #####################################################################
49 |
50 | img_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(inspect.getfile(inspect.currentframe()))) + "/../images/crosshair.jpg"
51 | rospy.loginfo("initUI img_path: %s" % img_path)
52 |
53 | self.statusBar()
54 |
55 | self.setStyleSheet("QMainWindow { border-image: url(%s); }" % img_path)
56 |
57 |
58 | self.setGeometry(0, 600, 200, 200)
59 | self.setWindowTitle('Virtual Joystick')
60 | self.show()
61 | self.timer = QtCore.QBasicTimer()
62 |
63 | self.statusBar().showMessage('started')
64 |
65 | #####################################################################
66 | def mousePressEvent(self, event):
67 | #####################################################################
68 | self.statusBar().showMessage('mouse clicked')
69 | self.timer.start(self.timer_rate, self)
70 | self.get_position(event)
71 |
72 | #####################################################################
73 | def mouseReleaseEvent(self, event):
74 | #####################################################################
75 | self.statusBar().showMessage('mouse released')
76 | self.timer.stop()
77 |
78 | #####################################################################
79 | def mouseMoveEvent(self, event):
80 | #####################################################################
81 | self.get_position(event)
82 |
83 | #####################################################################
84 | def get_position(self, event):
85 | #####################################################################
86 | s = self.size()
87 | s_w = s.width()
88 | s_h = s.height()
89 | pos = event.pos()
90 | self.x = 1.0 * pos.x() / s_w
91 | self.y = 1.0 * pos.y() / s_h
92 |
93 | self.statusBar().showMessage('point (%0.2f, %0.2f)' % (self.x,self.y))
94 |
95 | #####################################################################
96 | def timerEvent(self, event):
97 | #####################################################################
98 | # self.statusBar().showMessage("timer tick")
99 | self.pubTwist()
100 |
101 | #######################################################
102 | def pubTwist(self):
103 | #######################################################
104 | # rospy.loginfo("publishing twist from (%0.3f,%0.3f)" %(self.x,self.y))
105 | self.twist = Twist()
106 | self.twist.linear.x = (1-self.y) * (x_max - x_min) + x_min
107 | self.twist.linear.y = 0
108 | self.twist.linear.z = 0
109 | self.twist.angular.x = 0
110 | self.twist.angular.y = 0
111 | self.twist.angular.z = (1-self.x) * (r_max - r_min) + r_min
112 |
113 | if self.twist.linear.x > x_max:
114 | self.twist.linear.x = x_max
115 | if self.twist.linear.x < x_min:
116 | self.twist.linear.x = x_min
117 | if self.twist.angular.z > r_max:
118 | self.twist.angular.z = r_max
119 | if self.twist.angular.z < r_min:
120 | self.twist.angular.z = r_min
121 |
122 | self.pub_twist.publish( self.twist )
123 |
124 | ##########################################################################
125 | ##########################################################################
126 | def main():
127 | ##########################################################################
128 | ##########################################################################
129 | rospy.init_node('virtual_joystick')
130 | rospy.loginfo('virtual_joystick started')
131 | global x_min
132 | global x_max
133 | global r_min
134 | global r_max
135 |
136 | x_min = rospy.get_param("~x_min", -0.20)
137 | x_max = rospy.get_param("~x_max", 0.20)
138 | r_min = rospy.get_param("~r_min", -1.0)
139 | r_max = rospy.get_param("~r_max", 1.0)
140 |
141 | app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
142 | ex = MainWindow()
143 | sys.exit(app.exec_())
144 |
145 | if __name__ == '__main__':
146 | try:
147 | main()
148 | except rospy.ROSInterruptException: pass
149 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/CMakeLists.txt:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8.3)
2 | project(differential_drive)
3 |
4 | ## Find catkin macros and libraries
5 | ## if COMPONENTS list like find_package(catkin REQUIRED COMPONENTS xyz)
6 | ## is used, also find other catkin packages
7 | find_package(catkin REQUIRED)
8 |
9 | ## System dependencies are found with CMake's conventions
10 | # find_package(Boost REQUIRED COMPONENTS system)
11 |
12 |
13 | ## Uncomment this if the package has a setup.py. This macro ensures
14 | ## modules and global scripts declared therein get installed
15 | ## See http://ros.org/doc/api/catkin/html/user_guide/setup_dot_py.html
16 | # catkin_python_setup()
17 |
18 | ################################################
19 | ## Declare ROS messages, services and actions ##
20 | ################################################
21 |
22 | ## To declare and build messages, services or actions from within this
23 | ## package, follow these steps:
24 | ## * Let MSG_DEP_SET be the set of packages whose message types you use in
25 | ## your messages/services/actions (e.g. std_msgs, actionlib_msgs, ...).
26 | ## * In the file package.xml:
27 | ## * add a build_depend tag for "message_generation"
28 | ## * add a build_depend and a run_depend tag for each package in MSG_DEP_SET
29 | ## * If MSG_DEP_SET isn't empty the following dependency has been pulled in
30 | ## but can be declared for certainty nonetheless:
31 | ## * add a run_depend tag for "message_runtime"
32 | ## * In this file (CMakeLists.txt):
33 | ## * add "message_generation" and every package in MSG_DEP_SET to
34 | ## find_package(catkin REQUIRED COMPONENTS ...)
35 | ## * add "message_runtime" and every package in MSG_DEP_SET to
36 | ## catkin_package(CATKIN_DEPENDS ...)
37 | ## * uncomment the add_*_files sections below as needed
38 | ## and list every .msg/.srv/.action file to be processed
39 | ## * uncomment the generate_messages entry below
40 | ## * add every package in MSG_DEP_SET to generate_messages(DEPENDENCIES ...)
41 |
42 | ## Generate messages in the 'msg' folder
43 | # add_message_files(
44 | # FILES
45 | # Message1.msg
46 | # Message2.msg
47 | # )
48 |
49 | ## Generate services in the 'srv' folder
50 | # add_service_files(
51 | # FILES
52 | # Service1.srv
53 | # Service2.srv
54 | # )
55 |
56 | ## Generate actions in the 'action' folder
57 | # add_action_files(
58 | # FILES
59 | # Action1.action
60 | # Action2.action
61 | # )
62 |
63 | ## Generate added messages and services with any dependencies listed here
64 | # generate_messages(
65 | # DEPENDENCIES
66 | # std_msgs # Or other packages containing msgs
67 | # )
68 |
69 | ################################################
70 | ## Declare ROS dynamic reconfigure parameters ##
71 | ################################################
72 |
73 | ## To declare and build dynamic reconfigure parameters within this
74 | ## package, follow these steps:
75 | ## * In the file package.xml:
76 | ## * add a build_depend and a run_depend tag for "dynamic_reconfigure"
77 | ## * In this file (CMakeLists.txt):
78 | ## * add "dynamic_reconfigure" to
79 | ## find_package(catkin REQUIRED COMPONENTS ...)
80 | ## * uncomment the "generate_dynamic_reconfigure_options" section below
81 | ## and list every .cfg file to be processed
82 |
83 | ## Generate dynamic reconfigure parameters in the 'cfg' folder
84 | # generate_dynamic_reconfigure_options(
85 | # cfg/DynReconf1.cfg
86 | # cfg/DynReconf2.cfg
87 | # )
88 |
89 | ###################################
90 | ## catkin specific configuration ##
91 | ###################################
92 | ## The catkin_package macro generates cmake config files for your package
93 | ## Declare things to be passed to dependent projects
94 | ## INCLUDE_DIRS: uncomment this if you package contains header files
95 | ## LIBRARIES: libraries you create in this project that dependent projects also need
96 | ## CATKIN_DEPENDS: catkin_packages dependent projects also need
97 | ## DEPENDS: system dependencies of this project that dependent projects also need
98 | catkin_package(
99 | # INCLUDE_DIRS include
100 | # LIBRARIES differential_drive
101 | # CATKIN_DEPENDS other_catkin_pkg
102 | # DEPENDS system_lib
103 | )
104 |
105 | ###########
106 | ## Build ##
107 | ###########
108 |
109 | ## Specify additional locations of header files
110 | ## Your package locations should be listed before other locations
111 | # include_directories(include)
112 |
113 | ## Declare a C++ library
114 | # add_library(differential_drive
115 | # src/${PROJECT_NAME}/differential_drive.cpp
116 | # )
117 |
118 | ## Add cmake target dependencies of the library
119 | ## as an example, code may need to be generated before libraries
120 | ## either from message generation or dynamic reconfigure
121 | # add_dependencies(differential_drive ${${PROJECT_NAME}_EXPORTED_TARGETS} ${catkin_EXPORTED_TARGETS})
122 |
123 | ## Declare a C++ executable
124 | # add_executable(differential_drive_node src/differential_drive_node.cpp)
125 |
126 | ## Add cmake target dependencies of the executable
127 | ## same as for the library above
128 | # add_dependencies(differential_drive_node ${${PROJECT_NAME}_EXPORTED_TARGETS} ${catkin_EXPORTED_TARGETS})
129 |
130 | ## Specify libraries to link a library or executable target against
131 | # target_link_libraries(differential_drive_node
132 | # ${catkin_LIBRARIES}
133 | # )
134 |
135 | #############
136 | ## Install ##
137 | #############
138 |
139 | # all install targets should use catkin DESTINATION variables
140 | # See http://ros.org/doc/api/catkin/html/adv_user_guide/variables.html
141 |
142 | ## Mark executable scripts (Python etc.) for installation
143 | ## in contrast to setup.py, you can choose the destination
144 | # install(PROGRAMS
145 | # scripts/my_python_script
146 | # DESTINATION ${CATKIN_PACKAGE_BIN_DESTINATION}
147 | # )
148 |
149 | ## Mark executables and/or libraries for installation
150 | # install(TARGETS differential_drive differential_drive_node
151 | # ARCHIVE DESTINATION ${CATKIN_PACKAGE_LIB_DESTINATION}
152 | # LIBRARY DESTINATION ${CATKIN_PACKAGE_LIB_DESTINATION}
153 | # RUNTIME DESTINATION ${CATKIN_PACKAGE_BIN_DESTINATION}
154 | # )
155 |
156 | ## Mark cpp header files for installation
157 | # install(DIRECTORY include/${PROJECT_NAME}/
158 | # DESTINATION ${CATKIN_PACKAGE_INCLUDE_DESTINATION}
159 | # FILES_MATCHING PATTERN "*.h"
160 | # PATTERN ".svn" EXCLUDE
161 | # )
162 |
163 | ## Mark other files for installation (e.g. launch and bag files, etc.)
164 | # install(FILES
165 | # # myfile1
166 | # # myfile2
167 | # DESTINATION ${CATKIN_PACKAGE_SHARE_DESTINATION}
168 | # )
169 |
170 | #############
171 | ## Testing ##
172 | #############
173 |
174 | ## Add gtest based cpp test target and link libraries
175 | # catkin_add_gtest(${PROJECT_NAME}-test test/test_differential_drive.cpp)
176 | # if(TARGET ${PROJECT_NAME}-test)
177 | # target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME}-test ${PROJECT_NAME})
178 | # endif()
179 |
180 | ## Add folders to be run by python nosetests
181 | # catkin_add_nosetests(test)
182 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/scripts/pid_velocity.py:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | #!/usr/bin/env python
2 | """
3 | pid_velocity - takes messages on wheel_vtarget
4 | target velocities for the wheels and monitors wheel for feedback
5 |
6 | Copyright (C) 2012 Jon Stephan.
7 |
8 | This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
9 | it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
10 | the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
11 | (at your option) any later version.
12 |
13 | This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
14 | but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
15 | MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
16 | GNU General Public License for more details.
17 |
18 | You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
19 | along with this program. If not, see .
20 | """
21 |
22 | import rospy
23 | import roslib
24 |
25 | from std_msgs.msg import Int16
26 | from std_msgs.msg import Float32
27 | from numpy import array
28 |
29 |
30 | ######################################################
31 | ######################################################
32 | class PidVelocity():
33 | ######################################################
34 | ######################################################
35 |
36 |
37 | #####################################################
38 | def __init__(self):
39 | #####################################################
40 | rospy.init_node("pid_velocity")
41 | self.nodename = rospy.get_name()
42 | rospy.loginfo("%s started" % self.nodename)
43 |
44 | ### initialize variables
45 | self.target = 0
46 | self.motor = 0
47 | self.vel = 0
48 | self.integral = 0
49 | self.error = 0
50 | self.derivative = 0
51 | self.previous_error = 0
52 | self.wheel_prev = 0
53 | self.wheel_latest = 0
54 | self.then = rospy.Time.now()
55 | self.wheel_mult = 0
56 | self.prev_encoder = 0
57 |
58 | ### get parameters ####
59 | self.Kp = rospy.get_param('~Kp',10)
60 | self.Ki = rospy.get_param('~Ki',10)
61 | self.Kd = rospy.get_param('~Kd',0.001)
62 | self.out_min = rospy.get_param('~out_min',-255)
63 | self.out_max = rospy.get_param('~out_max',255)
64 | self.rate = rospy.get_param('~rate',30)
65 | self.rolling_pts = rospy.get_param('~rolling_pts',2)
66 | self.timeout_ticks = rospy.get_param('~timeout_ticks',4)
67 | self.ticks_per_meter = rospy.get_param('ticks_meter', 20)
68 | self.vel_threshold = rospy.get_param('~vel_threshold', 0.001)
69 | self.encoder_min = rospy.get_param('encoder_min', -32768)
70 | self.encoder_max = rospy.get_param('encoder_max', 32768)
71 | self.encoder_low_wrap = rospy.get_param('wheel_low_wrap', (self.encoder_max - self.encoder_min) * 0.3 + self.encoder_min )
72 | self.encoder_high_wrap = rospy.get_param('wheel_high_wrap', (self.encoder_max - self.encoder_min) * 0.7 + self.encoder_min )
73 | self.prev_vel = [0.0] * self.rolling_pts
74 | self.wheel_latest = 0.0
75 | self.prev_pid_time = rospy.Time.now()
76 | rospy.logdebug("%s got Kp:%0.3f Ki:%0.3f Kd:%0.3f tpm:%0.3f" % (self.nodename, self.Kp, self.Ki, self.Kd, self.ticks_per_meter))
77 |
78 | #### subscribers/publishers
79 | rospy.Subscriber("wheel", Int16, self.wheelCallback)
80 | rospy.Subscriber("wheel_vtarget", Float32, self.targetCallback)
81 | self.pub_motor = rospy.Publisher('motor_cmd',Float32, queue_size=10)
82 | self.pub_vel = rospy.Publisher('wheel_vel', Float32, queue_size=10)
83 |
84 |
85 | #####################################################
86 | def spin(self):
87 | #####################################################
88 | self.r = rospy.Rate(self.rate)
89 | self.then = rospy.Time.now()
90 | self.ticks_since_target = self.timeout_ticks
91 | self.wheel_prev = self.wheel_latest
92 | self.then = rospy.Time.now()
93 | while not rospy.is_shutdown():
94 | self.spinOnce()
95 | self.r.sleep()
96 |
97 | #####################################################
98 | def spinOnce(self):
99 | #####################################################
100 | self.previous_error = 0.0
101 | self.prev_vel = [0.0] * self.rolling_pts
102 | self.integral = 0.0
103 | self.error = 0.0
104 | self.derivative = 0.0
105 | self.vel = 0.0
106 |
107 | # only do the loop if we've recently recieved a target velocity message
108 | while not rospy.is_shutdown() and self.ticks_since_target < self.timeout_ticks:
109 | self.calcVelocity()
110 | self.doPid()
111 | self.pub_motor.publish(self.motor)
112 | self.r.sleep()
113 | self.ticks_since_target += 1
114 | if self.ticks_since_target == self.timeout_ticks:
115 | self.pub_motor.publish(0)
116 |
117 | #####################################################
118 | def calcVelocity(self):
119 | #####################################################
120 | self.dt_duration = rospy.Time.now() - self.then
121 | self.dt = self.dt_duration.to_sec()
122 | rospy.logdebug("-D- %s caclVelocity dt=%0.3f wheel_latest=%0.3f wheel_prev=%0.3f" % (self.nodename, self.dt, self.wheel_latest, self.wheel_prev))
123 |
124 | if (self.wheel_latest == self.wheel_prev):
125 | # we haven't received an updated wheel lately
126 | cur_vel = (1 / self.ticks_per_meter) / self.dt # if we got a tick right now, this would be the velocity
127 | if abs(cur_vel) < self.vel_threshold:
128 | # if the velocity is < threshold, consider our velocity 0
129 | rospy.logdebug("-D- %s below threshold cur_vel=%0.3f vel=0" % (self.nodename, cur_vel))
130 | self.appendVel(0)
131 | self.calcRollingVel()
132 | else:
133 | rospy.logdebug("-D- %s above threshold cur_vel=%0.3f" % (self.nodename, cur_vel))
134 | if abs(cur_vel) < self.vel:
135 | rospy.logdebug("-D- %s cur_vel < self.vel" % self.nodename)
136 | # we know we're slower than what we're currently publishing as a velocity
137 | self.appendVel(cur_vel)
138 | self.calcRollingVel()
139 |
140 | else:
141 | # we received a new wheel value
142 | cur_vel = (self.wheel_latest - self.wheel_prev) / self.dt
143 | self.appendVel(cur_vel)
144 | self.calcRollingVel()
145 | rospy.logdebug("-D- %s **** wheel updated vel=%0.3f **** " % (self.nodename, self.vel))
146 | self.wheel_prev = self.wheel_latest
147 | self.then = rospy.Time.now()
148 |
149 | self.pub_vel.publish(self.vel)
150 |
151 | #####################################################
152 | def appendVel(self, val):
153 | #####################################################
154 | self.prev_vel.append(val)
155 | del self.prev_vel[0]
156 |
157 | #####################################################
158 | def calcRollingVel(self):
159 | #####################################################
160 | p = array(self.prev_vel)
161 | self.vel = p.mean()
162 |
163 | #####################################################
164 | def doPid(self):
165 | #####################################################
166 | pid_dt_duration = rospy.Time.now() - self.prev_pid_time
167 | pid_dt = pid_dt_duration.to_sec()
168 | self.prev_pid_time = rospy.Time.now()
169 |
170 | self.error = self.target - self.vel
171 | self.integral = self.integral + (self.error * pid_dt)
172 | # rospy.loginfo("i = i + (e * dt): %0.3f = %0.3f + (%0.3f * %0.3f)" % (self.integral, self.integral, self.error, pid_dt))
173 | self.derivative = (self.error - self.previous_error) / pid_dt
174 | self.previous_error = self.error
175 |
176 | self.motor = (self.Kp * self.error) + (self.Ki * self.integral) + (self.Kd * self.derivative)
177 |
178 | if self.motor > self.out_max:
179 | self.motor = self.out_max
180 | self.integral = self.integral - (self.error * pid_dt)
181 | if self.motor < self.out_min:
182 | self.motor = self.out_min
183 | self.integral = self.integral - (self.error * pid_dt)
184 |
185 | if (self.target == 0):
186 | self.motor = 0
187 |
188 | rospy.logdebug("vel:%0.2f tar:%0.2f err:%0.2f int:%0.2f der:%0.2f ## motor:%d " %
189 | (self.vel, self.target, self.error, self.integral, self.derivative, self.motor))
190 |
191 |
192 |
193 |
194 | #####################################################
195 | def wheelCallback(self, msg):
196 | ######################################################
197 | enc = msg.data
198 | if (enc < self.encoder_low_wrap and self.prev_encoder > self.encoder_high_wrap) :
199 | self.wheel_mult = self.wheel_mult + 1
200 |
201 | if (enc > self.encoder_high_wrap and self.prev_encoder < self.encoder_low_wrap) :
202 | self.wheel_mult = self.wheel_mult - 1
203 |
204 |
205 | self.wheel_latest = 1.0 * (enc + self.wheel_mult * (self.encoder_max - self.encoder_min)) / self.ticks_per_meter
206 | self.prev_encoder = enc
207 |
208 |
209 | # rospy.logdebug("-D- %s wheelCallback msg.data= %0.3f wheel_latest = %0.3f mult=%0.3f" % (self.nodename, enc, self.wheel_latest, self.wheel_mult))
210 |
211 | ######################################################
212 | def targetCallback(self, msg):
213 | ######################################################
214 | self.target = msg.data
215 | self.ticks_since_target = 0
216 | # rospy.logdebug("-D- %s targetCallback " % (self.nodename))
217 |
218 |
219 | if __name__ == '__main__':
220 | """ main """
221 | try:
222 | pidVelocity = PidVelocity()
223 | pidVelocity.spin()
224 | except rospy.ROSInterruptException:
225 | pass
226 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/scripts/diff_tf.py:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | #!/usr/bin/env python
2 |
3 | """
4 | diff_tf.py - follows the output of a wheel encoder and
5 | creates tf and odometry messages.
6 | some code borrowed from the arbotix diff_controller script
7 | A good reference: http://rossum.sourceforge.net/papers/DiffSteer/
8 |
9 | Copyright (C) 2012 Jon Stephan.
10 |
11 | This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
12 | it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
13 | the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
14 | (at your option) any later version.
15 |
16 | This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
17 | but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
18 | MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
19 | GNU General Public License for more details.
20 |
21 | You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
22 | along with this program. If not, see .
23 |
24 | ----------------------------------
25 | Portions of this code borrowed from the arbotix_python diff_controller.
26 |
27 | diff_controller.py - controller for a differential drive
28 | Copyright (c) 2010-2011 Vanadium Labs LLC. All right reserved.
29 |
30 | Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
31 | modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
32 | * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
33 | notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
34 | * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
35 | notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
36 | documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
37 | * Neither the name of Vanadium Labs LLC nor the names of its
38 | contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
39 | from this software without specific prior written permission.
40 |
41 | THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND
42 | ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
43 | WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
44 | DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL VANADIUM LABS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
45 | INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
46 | LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA,
47 | OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
48 | LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE
49 | OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF
50 | ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
51 |
52 | """
53 |
54 | import rospy
55 | import roslib
56 | roslib.load_manifest('differential_drive')
57 | from math import sin, cos, pi
58 |
59 | from geometry_msgs.msg import Quaternion
60 | from geometry_msgs.msg import Twist
61 | from nav_msgs.msg import Odometry
62 | from tf.broadcaster import TransformBroadcaster
63 | from std_msgs.msg import Int16
64 |
65 | #############################################################################
66 | class DiffTf:
67 | #############################################################################
68 |
69 | #############################################################################
70 | def __init__(self):
71 | #############################################################################
72 | rospy.init_node("diff_tf")
73 | self.nodename = rospy.get_name()
74 | rospy.loginfo("-I- %s started" % self.nodename)
75 |
76 | #### parameters #######
77 | self.rate = rospy.get_param('~rate',10.0) # the rate at which to publish the transform
78 | self.ticks_meter = float(rospy.get_param('ticks_meter', 50)) # The number of wheel encoder ticks per meter of travel
79 | self.base_width = float(rospy.get_param('~base_width', 0.245)) # The wheel base width in meters
80 |
81 | self.base_frame_id = rospy.get_param('~base_frame_id','base_link') # the name of the base frame of the robot
82 | self.odom_frame_id = rospy.get_param('~odom_frame_id', 'odom') # the name of the odometry reference frame
83 |
84 | self.encoder_min = rospy.get_param('encoder_min', -32768)
85 | self.encoder_max = rospy.get_param('encoder_max', 32768)
86 | self.encoder_low_wrap = rospy.get_param('wheel_low_wrap', (self.encoder_max - self.encoder_min) * 0.3 + self.encoder_min )
87 | self.encoder_high_wrap = rospy.get_param('wheel_high_wrap', (self.encoder_max - self.encoder_min) * 0.7 + self.encoder_min )
88 |
89 | self.t_delta = rospy.Duration(1.0/self.rate)
90 | self.t_next = rospy.Time.now() + self.t_delta
91 |
92 | # internal data
93 | self.enc_left = None # wheel encoder readings
94 | self.enc_right = None
95 | self.left = 0 # actual values coming back from robot
96 | self.right = 0
97 | self.lmult = 0
98 | self.rmult = 0
99 | self.prev_lencoder = 0
100 | self.prev_rencoder = 0
101 | self.x = 0 # position in xy plane
102 | self.y = 0
103 | self.th = 0
104 | self.dx = 0 # speeds in x/rotation
105 | self.dr = 0
106 | self.then = rospy.Time.now()
107 |
108 | # subscriptions
109 | rospy.Subscriber("lwheel", Int16, self.lwheelCallback)
110 | rospy.Subscriber("rwheel", Int16, self.rwheelCallback)
111 | self.odomPub = rospy.Publisher("odom", Odometry, queue_size=10)
112 | self.odomBroadcaster = TransformBroadcaster()
113 |
114 | #############################################################################
115 | def spin(self):
116 | #############################################################################
117 | r = rospy.Rate(self.rate)
118 | while not rospy.is_shutdown():
119 | self.update()
120 | r.sleep()
121 |
122 |
123 | #############################################################################
124 | def update(self):
125 | #############################################################################
126 | now = rospy.Time.now()
127 | if now > self.t_next:
128 | elapsed = now - self.then
129 | self.then = now
130 | elapsed = elapsed.to_sec()
131 |
132 | # calculate odometry
133 | if self.enc_left == None:
134 | d_left = 0
135 | d_right = 0
136 | else:
137 | d_left = (self.left - self.enc_left) / self.ticks_meter
138 | d_right = (self.right - self.enc_right) / self.ticks_meter
139 | self.enc_left = self.left
140 | self.enc_right = self.right
141 |
142 | # distance traveled is the average of the two wheels
143 | d = ( d_left + d_right ) / 2
144 | # this approximation works (in radians) for small angles
145 | th = ( d_right - d_left ) / self.base_width
146 | # calculate velocities
147 | self.dx = d / elapsed
148 | self.dr = th / elapsed
149 |
150 |
151 | if (d != 0):
152 | # calculate distance traveled in x and y
153 | x = cos( th ) * d
154 | y = -sin( th ) * d
155 | # calculate the final position of the robot
156 | self.x = self.x + ( cos( self.th ) * x - sin( self.th ) * y )
157 | self.y = self.y + ( sin( self.th ) * x + cos( self.th ) * y )
158 | if( th != 0):
159 | self.th = self.th + th
160 |
161 | # publish the odom information
162 | quaternion = Quaternion()
163 | quaternion.x = 0.0
164 | quaternion.y = 0.0
165 | quaternion.z = sin( self.th / 2 )
166 | quaternion.w = cos( self.th / 2 )
167 | self.odomBroadcaster.sendTransform(
168 | (self.x, self.y, 0),
169 | (quaternion.x, quaternion.y, quaternion.z, quaternion.w),
170 | rospy.Time.now(),
171 | self.base_frame_id,
172 | self.odom_frame_id
173 | )
174 |
175 | odom = Odometry()
176 | odom.header.stamp = now
177 | odom.header.frame_id = self.odom_frame_id
178 | odom.pose.pose.position.x = self.x
179 | odom.pose.pose.position.y = self.y
180 | odom.pose.pose.position.z = 0
181 | odom.pose.pose.orientation = quaternion
182 | odom.child_frame_id = self.base_frame_id
183 | odom.twist.twist.linear.x = self.dx
184 | odom.twist.twist.linear.y = 0
185 | odom.twist.twist.angular.z = self.dr
186 | self.odomPub.publish(odom)
187 |
188 |
189 |
190 |
191 | #############################################################################
192 | def lwheelCallback(self, msg):
193 | #############################################################################
194 | enc = msg.data
195 | if (enc < self.encoder_low_wrap and self.prev_lencoder > self.encoder_high_wrap):
196 | self.lmult = self.lmult + 1
197 |
198 | if (enc > self.encoder_high_wrap and self.prev_lencoder < self.encoder_low_wrap):
199 | self.lmult = self.lmult - 1
200 |
201 | self.left = 1.0 * (enc + self.lmult * (self.encoder_max - self.encoder_min))
202 | self.prev_lencoder = enc
203 |
204 | #############################################################################
205 | def rwheelCallback(self, msg):
206 | #############################################################################
207 | enc = msg.data
208 | if(enc < self.encoder_low_wrap and self.prev_rencoder > self.encoder_high_wrap):
209 | self.rmult = self.rmult + 1
210 |
211 | if(enc > self.encoder_high_wrap and self.prev_rencoder < self.encoder_low_wrap):
212 | self.rmult = self.rmult - 1
213 |
214 | self.right = 1.0 * (enc + self.rmult * (self.encoder_max - self.encoder_min))
215 | self.prev_rencoder = enc
216 |
217 | #############################################################################
218 | #############################################################################
219 | if __name__ == '__main__':
220 | """ main """
221 | try:
222 | diffTf = DiffTf()
223 | diffTf.spin()
224 | except rospy.ROSInterruptException:
225 | pass
226 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/LICENSE:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
2 | Version 3, 29 June 2007
3 |
4 | Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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118 | A "Standard Interface" means an interface that either is an official
119 | standard defined by a recognized standards body, or, in the case of
120 | interfaces specified for a particular programming language, one that
121 | is widely used among developers working in that language.
122 |
123 | The "System Libraries" of an executable work include anything, other
124 | than the work as a whole, that (a) is included in the normal form of
125 | packaging a Major Component, but which is not part of that Major
126 | Component, and (b) serves only to enable use of the work with that
127 | Major Component, or to implement a Standard Interface for which an
128 | implementation is available to the public in source code form. A
129 | "Major Component", in this context, means a major essential component
130 | (kernel, window system, and so on) of the specific operating system
131 | (if any) on which the executable work runs, or a compiler used to
132 | produce the work, or an object code interpreter used to run it.
133 |
134 | The "Corresponding Source" for a work in object code form means all
135 | the source code needed to generate, install, and (for an executable
136 | work) run the object code and to modify the work, including scripts to
137 | control those activities. However, it does not include the work's
138 | System Libraries, or general-purpose tools or generally available free
139 | programs which are used unmodified in performing those activities but
140 | which are not part of the work. For example, Corresponding Source
141 | includes interface definition files associated with source files for
142 | the work, and the source code for shared libraries and dynamically
143 | linked subprograms that the work is specifically designed to require,
144 | such as by intimate data communication or control flow between those
145 | subprograms and other parts of the work.
146 |
147 | The Corresponding Source need not include anything that users
148 | can regenerate automatically from other parts of the Corresponding
149 | Source.
150 |
151 | The Corresponding Source for a work in source code form is that
152 | same work.
153 |
154 | 2. Basic Permissions.
155 |
156 | All rights granted under this License are granted for the term of
157 | copyright on the Program, and are irrevocable provided the stated
158 | conditions are met. This License explicitly affirms your unlimited
159 | permission to run the unmodified Program. The output from running a
160 | covered work is covered by this License only if the output, given its
161 | content, constitutes a covered work. This License acknowledges your
162 | rights of fair use or other equivalent, as provided by copyright law.
163 |
164 | You may make, run and propagate covered works that you do not
165 | convey, without conditions so long as your license otherwise remains
166 | in force. You may convey covered works to others for the sole purpose
167 | of having them make modifications exclusively for you, or provide you
168 | with facilities for running those works, provided that you comply with
169 | the terms of this License in conveying all material for which you do
170 | not control copyright. Those thus making or running the covered works
171 | for you must do so exclusively on your behalf, under your direction
172 | and control, on terms that prohibit them from making any copies of
173 | your copyrighted material outside their relationship with you.
174 |
175 | Conveying under any other circumstances is permitted solely under
176 | the conditions stated below. Sublicensing is not allowed; section 10
177 | makes it unnecessary.
178 |
179 | 3. Protecting Users' Legal Rights From Anti-Circumvention Law.
180 |
181 | No covered work shall be deemed part of an effective technological
182 | measure under any applicable law fulfilling obligations under article
183 | 11 of the WIPO copyright treaty adopted on 20 December 1996, or
184 | similar laws prohibiting or restricting circumvention of such
185 | measures.
186 |
187 | When you convey a covered work, you waive any legal power to forbid
188 | circumvention of technological measures to the extent such circumvention
189 | is effected by exercising rights under this License with respect to
190 | the covered work, and you disclaim any intention to limit operation or
191 | modification of the work as a means of enforcing, against the work's
192 | users, your or third parties' legal rights to forbid circumvention of
193 | technological measures.
194 |
195 | 4. Conveying Verbatim Copies.
196 |
197 | You may convey verbatim copies of the Program's source code as you
198 | receive it, in any medium, provided that you conspicuously and
199 | appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate copyright notice;
200 | keep intact all notices stating that this License and any
201 | non-permissive terms added in accord with section 7 apply to the code;
202 | keep intact all notices of the absence of any warranty; and give all
203 | recipients a copy of this License along with the Program.
204 |
205 | You may charge any price or no price for each copy that you convey,
206 | and you may offer support or warranty protection for a fee.
207 |
208 | 5. Conveying Modified Source Versions.
209 |
210 | You may convey a work based on the Program, or the modifications to
211 | produce it from the Program, in the form of source code under the
212 | terms of section 4, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:
213 |
214 | a) The work must carry prominent notices stating that you modified
215 | it, and giving a relevant date.
216 |
217 | b) The work must carry prominent notices stating that it is
218 | released under this License and any conditions added under section
219 | 7. This requirement modifies the requirement in section 4 to
220 | "keep intact all notices".
221 |
222 | c) You must license the entire work, as a whole, under this
223 | License to anyone who comes into possession of a copy. This
224 | License will therefore apply, along with any applicable section 7
225 | additional terms, to the whole of the work, and all its parts,
226 | regardless of how they are packaged. This License gives no
227 | permission to license the work in any other way, but it does not
228 | invalidate such permission if you have separately received it.
229 |
230 | d) If the work has interactive user interfaces, each must display
231 | Appropriate Legal Notices; however, if the Program has interactive
232 | interfaces that do not display Appropriate Legal Notices, your
233 | work need not make them do so.
234 |
235 | A compilation of a covered work with other separate and independent
236 | works, which are not by their nature extensions of the covered work,
237 | and which are not combined with it such as to form a larger program,
238 | in or on a volume of a storage or distribution medium, is called an
239 | "aggregate" if the compilation and its resulting copyright are not
240 | used to limit the access or legal rights of the compilation's users
241 | beyond what the individual works permit. Inclusion of a covered work
242 | in an aggregate does not cause this License to apply to the other
243 | parts of the aggregate.
244 |
245 | 6. Conveying Non-Source Forms.
246 |
247 | You may convey a covered work in object code form under the terms
248 | of sections 4 and 5, provided that you also convey the
249 | machine-readable Corresponding Source under the terms of this License,
250 | in one of these ways:
251 |
252 | a) Convey the object code in, or embodied in, a physical product
253 | (including a physical distribution medium), accompanied by the
254 | Corresponding Source fixed on a durable physical medium
255 | customarily used for software interchange.
256 |
257 | b) Convey the object code in, or embodied in, a physical product
258 | (including a physical distribution medium), accompanied by a
259 | written offer, valid for at least three years and valid for as
260 | long as you offer spare parts or customer support for that product
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262 | copy of the Corresponding Source for all the software in the
263 | product that is covered by this License, on a durable physical
264 | medium customarily used for software interchange, for a price no
265 | more than your reasonable cost of physically performing this
266 | conveying of source, or (2) access to copy the
267 | Corresponding Source from a network server at no charge.
268 |
269 | c) Convey individual copies of the object code with a copy of the
270 | written offer to provide the Corresponding Source. This
271 | alternative is allowed only occasionally and noncommercially, and
272 | only if you received the object code with such an offer, in accord
273 | with subsection 6b.
274 |
275 | d) Convey the object code by offering access from a designated
276 | place (gratis or for a charge), and offer equivalent access to the
277 | Corresponding Source in the same way through the same place at no
278 | further charge. You need not require recipients to copy the
279 | Corresponding Source along with the object code. If the place to
280 | copy the object code is a network server, the Corresponding Source
281 | may be on a different server (operated by you or a third party)
282 | that supports equivalent copying facilities, provided you maintain
283 | clear directions next to the object code saying where to find the
284 | Corresponding Source. Regardless of what server hosts the
285 | Corresponding Source, you remain obligated to ensure that it is
286 | available for as long as needed to satisfy these requirements.
287 |
288 | e) Convey the object code using peer-to-peer transmission, provided
289 | you inform other peers where the object code and Corresponding
290 | Source of the work are being offered to the general public at no
291 | charge under subsection 6d.
292 |
293 | A separable portion of the object code, whose source code is excluded
294 | from the Corresponding Source as a System Library, need not be
295 | included in conveying the object code work.
296 |
297 | A "User Product" is either (1) a "consumer product", which means any
298 | tangible personal property which is normally used for personal, family,
299 | or household purposes, or (2) anything designed or sold for incorporation
300 | into a dwelling. In determining whether a product is a consumer product,
301 | doubtful cases shall be resolved in favor of coverage. For a particular
302 | product received by a particular user, "normally used" refers to a
303 | typical or common use of that class of product, regardless of the status
304 | of the particular user or of the way in which the particular user
305 | actually uses, or expects or is expected to use, the product. A product
306 | is a consumer product regardless of whether the product has substantial
307 | commercial, industrial or non-consumer uses, unless such uses represent
308 | the only significant mode of use of the product.
309 |
310 | "Installation Information" for a User Product means any methods,
311 | procedures, authorization keys, or other information required to install
312 | and execute modified versions of a covered work in that User Product from
313 | a modified version of its Corresponding Source. The information must
314 | suffice to ensure that the continued functioning of the modified object
315 | code is in no case prevented or interfered with solely because
316 | modification has been made.
317 |
318 | If you convey an object code work under this section in, or with, or
319 | specifically for use in, a User Product, and the conveying occurs as
320 | part of a transaction in which the right of possession and use of the
321 | User Product is transferred to the recipient in perpetuity or for a
322 | fixed term (regardless of how the transaction is characterized), the
323 | Corresponding Source conveyed under this section must be accompanied
324 | by the Installation Information. But this requirement does not apply
325 | if neither you nor any third party retains the ability to install
326 | modified object code on the User Product (for example, the work has
327 | been installed in ROM).
328 |
329 | The requirement to provide Installation Information does not include a
330 | requirement to continue to provide support service, warranty, or updates
331 | for a work that has been modified or installed by the recipient, or for
332 | the User Product in which it has been modified or installed. Access to a
333 | network may be denied when the modification itself materially and
334 | adversely affects the operation of the network or violates the rules and
335 | protocols for communication across the network.
336 |
337 | Corresponding Source conveyed, and Installation Information provided,
338 | in accord with this section must be in a format that is publicly
339 | documented (and with an implementation available to the public in
340 | source code form), and must require no special password or key for
341 | unpacking, reading or copying.
342 |
343 | 7. Additional Terms.
344 |
345 | "Additional permissions" are terms that supplement the terms of this
346 | License by making exceptions from one or more of its conditions.
347 | Additional permissions that are applicable to the entire Program shall
348 | be treated as though they were included in this License, to the extent
349 | that they are valid under applicable law. If additional permissions
350 | apply only to part of the Program, that part may be used separately
351 | under those permissions, but the entire Program remains governed by
352 | this License without regard to the additional permissions.
353 |
354 | When you convey a copy of a covered work, you may at your option
355 | remove any additional permissions from that copy, or from any part of
356 | it. (Additional permissions may be written to require their own
357 | removal in certain cases when you modify the work.) You may place
358 | additional permissions on material, added by you to a covered work,
359 | for which you have or can give appropriate copyright permission.
360 |
361 | Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, for material you
362 | add to a covered work, you may (if authorized by the copyright holders of
363 | that material) supplement the terms of this License with terms:
364 |
365 | a) Disclaiming warranty or limiting liability differently from the
366 | terms of sections 15 and 16 of this License; or
367 |
368 | b) Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
369 | author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
370 | Notices displayed by works containing it; or
371 |
372 | c) Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material, or
373 | requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
374 | reasonable ways as different from the original version; or
375 |
376 | d) Limiting the use for publicity purposes of names of licensors or
377 | authors of the material; or
378 |
379 | e) Declining to grant rights under trademark law for use of some
380 | trade names, trademarks, or service marks; or
381 |
382 | f) Requiring indemnification of licensors and authors of that
383 | material by anyone who conveys the material (or modified versions of
384 | it) with contractual assumptions of liability to the recipient, for
385 | any liability that these contractual assumptions directly impose on
386 | those licensors and authors.
387 |
388 | All other non-permissive additional terms are considered "further
389 | restrictions" within the meaning of section 10. If the Program as you
390 | received it, or any part of it, contains a notice stating that it is
391 | governed by this License along with a term that is a further
392 | restriction, you may remove that term. If a license document contains
393 | a further restriction but permits relicensing or conveying under this
394 | License, you may add to a covered work material governed by the terms
395 | of that license document, provided that the further restriction does
396 | not survive such relicensing or conveying.
397 |
398 | If you add terms to a covered work in accord with this section, you
399 | must place, in the relevant source files, a statement of the
400 | additional terms that apply to those files, or a notice indicating
401 | where to find the applicable terms.
402 |
403 | Additional terms, permissive or non-permissive, may be stated in the
404 | form of a separately written license, or stated as exceptions;
405 | the above requirements apply either way.
406 |
407 | 8. Termination.
408 |
409 | You may not propagate or modify a covered work except as expressly
410 | provided under this License. Any attempt otherwise to propagate or
411 | modify it is void, and will automatically terminate your rights under
412 | this License (including any patent licenses granted under the third
413 | paragraph of section 11).
414 |
415 | However, if you cease all violation of this License, then your
416 | license from a particular copyright holder is reinstated (a)
417 | provisionally, unless and until the copyright holder explicitly and
418 | finally terminates your license, and (b) permanently, if the copyright
419 | holder fails to notify you of the violation by some reasonable means
420 | prior to 60 days after the cessation.
421 |
422 | Moreover, your license from a particular copyright holder is
423 | reinstated permanently if the copyright holder notifies you of the
424 | violation by some reasonable means, this is the first time you have
425 | received notice of violation of this License (for any work) from that
426 | copyright holder, and you cure the violation prior to 30 days after
427 | your receipt of the notice.
428 |
429 | Termination of your rights under this section does not terminate the
430 | licenses of parties who have received copies or rights from you under
431 | this License. If your rights have been terminated and not permanently
432 | reinstated, you do not qualify to receive new licenses for the same
433 | material under section 10.
434 |
435 | 9. Acceptance Not Required for Having Copies.
436 |
437 | You are not required to accept this License in order to receive or
438 | run a copy of the Program. Ancillary propagation of a covered work
439 | occurring solely as a consequence of using peer-to-peer transmission
440 | to receive a copy likewise does not require acceptance. However,
441 | nothing other than this License grants you permission to propagate or
442 | modify any covered work. These actions infringe copyright if you do
443 | not accept this License. Therefore, by modifying or propagating a
444 | covered work, you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so.
445 |
446 | 10. Automatic Licensing of Downstream Recipients.
447 |
448 | Each time you convey a covered work, the recipient automatically
449 | receives a license from the original licensors, to run, modify and
450 | propagate that work, subject to this License. You are not responsible
451 | for enforcing compliance by third parties with this License.
452 |
453 | An "entity transaction" is a transaction transferring control of an
454 | organization, or substantially all assets of one, or subdividing an
455 | organization, or merging organizations. If propagation of a covered
456 | work results from an entity transaction, each party to that
457 | transaction who receives a copy of the work also receives whatever
458 | licenses to the work the party's predecessor in interest had or could
459 | give under the previous paragraph, plus a right to possession of the
460 | Corresponding Source of the work from the predecessor in interest, if
461 | the predecessor has it or can get it with reasonable efforts.
462 |
463 | You may not impose any further restrictions on the exercise of the
464 | rights granted or affirmed under this License. For example, you may
465 | not impose a license fee, royalty, or other charge for exercise of
466 | rights granted under this License, and you may not initiate litigation
467 | (including a cross-claim or counterclaim in a lawsuit) alleging that
468 | any patent claim is infringed by making, using, selling, offering for
469 | sale, or importing the Program or any portion of it.
470 |
471 | 11. Patents.
472 |
473 | A "contributor" is a copyright holder who authorizes use under this
474 | License of the Program or a work on which the Program is based. The
475 | work thus licensed is called the contributor's "contributor version".
476 |
477 | A contributor's "essential patent claims" are all patent claims
478 | owned or controlled by the contributor, whether already acquired or
479 | hereafter acquired, that would be infringed by some manner, permitted
480 | by this License, of making, using, or selling its contributor version,
481 | but do not include claims that would be infringed only as a
482 | consequence of further modification of the contributor version. For
483 | purposes of this definition, "control" includes the right to grant
484 | patent sublicenses in a manner consistent with the requirements of
485 | this License.
486 |
487 | Each contributor grants you a non-exclusive, worldwide, royalty-free
488 | patent license under the contributor's essential patent claims, to
489 | make, use, sell, offer for sale, import and otherwise run, modify and
490 | propagate the contents of its contributor version.
491 |
492 | In the following three paragraphs, a "patent license" is any express
493 | agreement or commitment, however denominated, not to enforce a patent
494 | (such as an express permission to practice a patent or covenant not to
495 | sue for patent infringement). To "grant" such a patent license to a
496 | party means to make such an agreement or commitment not to enforce a
497 | patent against the party.
498 |
499 | If you convey a covered work, knowingly relying on a patent license,
500 | and the Corresponding Source of the work is not available for anyone
501 | to copy, free of charge and under the terms of this License, through a
502 | publicly available network server or other readily accessible means,
503 | then you must either (1) cause the Corresponding Source to be so
504 | available, or (2) arrange to deprive yourself of the benefit of the
505 | patent license for this particular work, or (3) arrange, in a manner
506 | consistent with the requirements of this License, to extend the patent
507 | license to downstream recipients. "Knowingly relying" means you have
508 | actual knowledge that, but for the patent license, your conveying the
509 | covered work in a country, or your recipient's use of the covered work
510 | in a country, would infringe one or more identifiable patents in that
511 | country that you have reason to believe are valid.
512 |
513 | If, pursuant to or in connection with a single transaction or
514 | arrangement, you convey, or propagate by procuring conveyance of, a
515 | covered work, and grant a patent license to some of the parties
516 | receiving the covered work authorizing them to use, propagate, modify
517 | or convey a specific copy of the covered work, then the patent license
518 | you grant is automatically extended to all recipients of the covered
519 | work and works based on it.
520 |
521 | A patent license is "discriminatory" if it does not include within
522 | the scope of its coverage, prohibits the exercise of, or is
523 | conditioned on the non-exercise of one or more of the rights that are
524 | specifically granted under this License. You may not convey a covered
525 | work if you are a party to an arrangement with a third party that is
526 | in the business of distributing software, under which you make payment
527 | to the third party based on the extent of your activity of conveying
528 | the work, and under which the third party grants, to any of the
529 | parties who would receive the covered work from you, a discriminatory
530 | patent license (a) in connection with copies of the covered work
531 | conveyed by you (or copies made from those copies), or (b) primarily
532 | for and in connection with specific products or compilations that
533 | contain the covered work, unless you entered into that arrangement,
534 | or that patent license was granted, prior to 28 March 2007.
535 |
536 | Nothing in this License shall be construed as excluding or limiting
537 | any implied license or other defenses to infringement that may
538 | otherwise be available to you under applicable patent law.
539 |
540 | 12. No Surrender of Others' Freedom.
541 |
542 | If conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
543 | otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
544 | excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot convey a
545 | covered work so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this
546 | License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you may
547 | not convey it at all. For example, if you agree to terms that obligate you
548 | to collect a royalty for further conveying from those to whom you convey
549 | the Program, the only way you could satisfy both those terms and this
550 | License would be to refrain entirely from conveying the Program.
551 |
552 | 13. Use with the GNU Affero General Public License.
553 |
554 | Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, you have
555 | permission to link or combine any covered work with a work licensed
556 | under version 3 of the GNU Affero General Public License into a single
557 | combined work, and to convey the resulting work. The terms of this
558 | License will continue to apply to the part which is the covered work,
559 | but the special requirements of the GNU Affero General Public License,
560 | section 13, concerning interaction through a network will apply to the
561 | combination as such.
562 |
563 | 14. Revised Versions of this License.
564 |
565 | The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of
566 | the GNU General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will
567 | be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
568 | address new problems or concerns.
569 |
570 | Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the
571 | Program specifies that a certain numbered version of the GNU General
572 | Public License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the
573 | option of following the terms and conditions either of that numbered
574 | version or of any later version published by the Free Software
575 | Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of the
576 | GNU General Public License, you may choose any version ever published
577 | by the Free Software Foundation.
578 |
579 | If the Program specifies that a proxy can decide which future
580 | versions of the GNU General Public License can be used, that proxy's
581 | public statement of acceptance of a version permanently authorizes you
582 | to choose that version for the Program.
583 |
584 | Later license versions may give you additional or different
585 | permissions. However, no additional obligations are imposed on any
586 | author or copyright holder as a result of your choosing to follow a
587 | later version.
588 |
589 | 15. Disclaimer of Warranty.
590 |
591 | THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY
592 | APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT
593 | HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY
594 | OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
595 | THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
596 | PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM
597 | IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF
598 | ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
599 |
600 | 16. Limitation of Liability.
601 |
602 | IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
603 | WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES AND/OR CONVEYS
604 | THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY
605 | GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE
606 | USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF
607 | DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD
608 | PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS),
609 | EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
610 | SUCH DAMAGES.
611 |
612 | 17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16.
613 |
614 | If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided
615 | above cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms,
616 | reviewing courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates
617 | an absolute waiver of all civil liability in connection with the
618 | Program, unless a warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a
619 | copy of the Program in return for a fee.
620 |
621 | END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
622 |
623 | How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
624 |
625 | If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
626 | possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
627 | free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
628 |
629 | To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest
630 | to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
631 | state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
632 | the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
633 |
634 | {one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.}
635 | Copyright (C) {year} {name of author}
636 |
637 | This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
638 | it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
639 | the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
640 | (at your option) any later version.
641 |
642 | This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
643 | but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
644 | MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
645 | GNU General Public License for more details.
646 |
647 | You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
648 | along with this program. If not, see .
649 |
650 | Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
651 |
652 | If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short
653 | notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:
654 |
655 | {project} Copyright (C) {year} {fullname}
656 | This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
657 | This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
658 | under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
659 |
660 | The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
661 | parts of the General Public License. Of course, your program's commands
662 | might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an "about box".
663 |
664 | You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school,
665 | if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary.
666 | For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see
667 | .
668 |
669 | The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program
670 | into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you
671 | may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with
672 | the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General
673 | Public License instead of this License. But first, please read
674 | .
675 |
676 |
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