├── CHANGELOG.md ├── LICENSE ├── README.md ├── loop.py ├── npimage.py ├── setup.py ├── timeReport.py ├── wave.py └── ws2812.py /CHANGELOG.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | Changelog 2 | --------- 3 | 4 | 0.0 5 | === 6 | 7 | * Added setup.py, this CHANGELOG.md, etc files 8 | * Tested on Raspberry Pi 3 9 | 10 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /LICENSE: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | GNU AFFERO GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE 2 | Version 3, 19 November 2007 3 | 4 | Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 5 | Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies 6 | of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. 7 | 8 | Preamble 9 | 10 | The GNU Affero General Public License is a free, copyleft license for 11 | software and other kinds of works, specifically designed to ensure 12 | cooperation with the community in the case of network server software. 13 | 14 | The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed 15 | to take away your freedom to share and change the works. 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It is safest 628 | to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively 629 | state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least 630 | the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found. 631 | 632 | 633 | Copyright (C) 634 | 635 | This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify 636 | it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published 637 | by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or 638 | (at your option) any later version. 639 | 640 | This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 641 | but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 642 | MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 643 | GNU Affero General Public License for more details. 644 | 645 | You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License 646 | along with this program. If not, see . 647 | 648 | Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail. 649 | 650 | If your software can interact with users remotely through a computer 651 | network, you should also make sure that it provides a way for users to 652 | get its source. For example, if your program is a web application, its 653 | interface could display a "Source" link that leads users to an archive 654 | of the code. There are many ways you could offer source, and different 655 | solutions will be better for different programs; see section 13 for the 656 | specific requirements. 657 | 658 | You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school, 659 | if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary. 660 | For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU AGPL, see 661 | . 662 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # raspberry_ws2812 # 2 | This module contains python routines to program the WS2812 RGB LED chips on the raspberry, 3 | using the hardware SPI MOSI (so no other hardware is needed) 4 | 5 | As the WS2812 communication needs strict timing, the DIN line cannot be driven from 6 | a normal GPIO line with python (an interrupt on the raspberry would screw things up). 7 | Thats' why this module uses the hardware SPI MOSI line, this does confirm to the 8 | timing requirements. 9 | 10 | More info on the WS2812: https://wp.josh.com/2014/05/13/ws2812-neopixels-are-not-so-finicky-once-you-get-to-know-them/ 11 | 12 | # Wiring of WS2812-Raspberry # 13 | Connections from the Raspberry to the WS2812: 14 | ``` 15 | WS2812 Raspbery 16 | GND -- GND. At least one of pin 6, 9, 14, 20, 25 17 | DIN -- MOSI, Pin 19, GPIO 10 18 | VCC -- 5V. At least one of pin 2 or 4 19 | ``` 20 | 21 | Of course the WS2812 can (should) be chained, the DOUT of the first 22 | connected to the DIN of the next, and so on. 23 | 24 | 25 | # Setup SPI on Raspberry # 26 | First, enable the SPI hardware module on the SPI, using raspi-config, in 27 | Advanced Options / SPI, and enabeling the SPI interface and the module loading: 28 | sudo raspi-config 29 | 30 | 31 | Then, get the python spidev module: 32 | ``` 33 | git clone https://github.com/doceme/py-spidev.git 34 | cd py-spidev 35 | make 36 | make install 37 | ``` 38 | 39 | # Testing this ws2812.py module # 40 | This module can be tested using: 41 | python ws2812.py 42 | 43 | 44 | Sample program that uses the module: 45 | ``` 46 | import spidev 47 | import ws2812 48 | spi = spidev.SpiDev() 49 | spi.open(0,0) 50 | 51 | #write 4 WS2812's, with the following colors: red, green, blue, yellow 52 | ws2812.write2812(spi, [[10,0,0], [0,10,0], [0,0,10], [10, 10, 0]]) 53 | ``` 54 | 55 | # Notes # 56 | Note: this module tries to use numpy, if available. 57 | Without numpy it still works, but is *really* slow (more than a second 58 | to update 300 LED's on a Raspberry Pi Zero). 59 | So, if possible, do: 60 | ``` 61 | sudo apt install python-numpy 62 | ``` 63 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /loop.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | import spidev 2 | import ws2812 3 | import time 4 | import getopt 5 | 6 | def test_loop(spi, nLED=8, intensity=20): 7 | stepTime=0.1 8 | iStep=0 9 | while True: 10 | d=[[0,0,0]]*nLED 11 | d[iStep%nLED]=[intensity]*3 12 | ws2812.write2812(spi, d) 13 | iStep=(iStep+1)%nLED 14 | time.sleep(stepTime) 15 | 16 | if __name__=="__main__": 17 | spi = spidev.SpiDev() 18 | spi.open(0,0) 19 | 20 | test_loop(spi, nLED=64+8) 21 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /npimage.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | import spidev 2 | import ws2812 3 | import time 4 | import getopt 5 | import numpy 6 | from numpy import exp, sin, pi 7 | 8 | def test_gauss(spi, shape=(8,8), intensity=20): 9 | 10 | stepTime=0.05 11 | nLED=shape[0]*shape[1] 12 | index_i=numpy.array(range(nLED))%shape[0] 13 | index_j=numpy.array(range(nLED))/shape[0] 14 | mid_i=shape[0]/2. 15 | mid_j=shape[1]/2. 16 | period_i,period_j=3,3.1 17 | ri,rj=2,2 18 | tStart=time.time() 19 | try: 20 | while True: 21 | t=time.time()-tStart 22 | mi=mid_i+sin(2*pi*t/period_i)*ri 23 | mj=mid_j+sin(2*pi*t/period_j)*rj 24 | rg0=2*(sin(2*pi*t/6.25)+1) 25 | rg1=2*(sin(2*pi*t/6.5)+1) 26 | rg2=2*(sin(2*pi*t/6.75)+1) 27 | distances2=((index_i-mi)**2+(index_j-mj)**2) 28 | d=numpy.zeros((nLED,3)) 29 | d[:,0]=exp(-distances2/rg0**2) 30 | d[:,1]=exp(-distances2/rg1**2) 31 | d[:,2]=exp(-distances2/rg2**2) 32 | di=numpy.array(d*intensity, dtype=numpy.uint32) 33 | 34 | ws2812.write2812(spi, di) 35 | time.sleep(stepTime) 36 | 37 | except KeyboardInterrupt: 38 | ws2812.write2812(spi, [[0,0,0]]*(shape[0]*shape[1])) 39 | 40 | def test_heart(spi, shape=(8,8), intensity=20): 41 | 42 | stepTime=0.05 43 | nLED=shape[0]*shape[1] 44 | index_i=numpy.array(range(nLED))%shape[0] 45 | index_j=numpy.array(range(nLED))/shape[0] 46 | mid_i=shape[0]/2. 47 | mid_j=shape[1]/2. 48 | period_i,period_j=3,3.1 49 | ri,rj=1.5, 1.5 #2,2 50 | tStart=time.time() 51 | try: 52 | while True: 53 | t=time.time()-tStart 54 | mi=mid_i+sin(2*pi*t/period_i)*ri - 2 55 | mj=mid_j+sin(2*pi*t/period_j)*rj 56 | rg0=2*(sin(2*pi*t/6.25)+1) 57 | rg1=2*(sin(2*pi*t/6.5)+1) 58 | rg2=2*(sin(2*pi*t/6.75)+1) 59 | distances2=((index_i-mi)**2+(index_j-mj)**2) 60 | angles=numpy.abs(numpy.arctan2(index_j-mj, index_i-mi)) 61 | heart=(angles**.5+5/(0.01+abs(angles-numpy.pi))**2)/(1*numpy.pi**.5) 62 | distances2*=heart 63 | d=numpy.zeros((nLED,3)) 64 | d[:,0]=exp(-(distances2/rg0**2)**2) 65 | d[:,1]=exp(-(distances2/rg1**2)**2) 66 | d[:,2]=exp(-(distances2/rg2**2)**2) 67 | #rg0=1.5 68 | #d[:,0]=distances2170: 51 | continue 52 | 53 | tCall=timeit.timeit(stmt=stmtFmt.format(function=function), 54 | setup=setupFmt.format(nLED=nLED), 55 | number=nCall) 56 | print("{function:<20s}(nLED={nLED:3d}): {ms:6.2f} ms".format(function=function, 57 | nLED=nLED, 58 | ms=1000*tCall/nCall)) 59 | 60 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /wave.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/python 2 | import spidev 3 | import ws2812 4 | import time 5 | import getopt 6 | import numpy 7 | from numpy import sin, pi 8 | 9 | def test_pattern_sin(spi, nLED=8, intensity=20): 10 | tStart=time.time() 11 | indices=4*numpy.array(range(nLED), dtype=numpy.uint32)*numpy.pi/nLED 12 | period0=2 13 | period1=2.1 14 | period2=2.2 15 | try: 16 | while True: 17 | t=tStart-time.time() 18 | #t=1.1 19 | f=numpy.zeros((nLED,3)) 20 | f[:,0]=sin(2*pi*t/period0+indices) 21 | f[:,1]=sin(2*pi*t/period1+indices) 22 | f[:,2]=sin(2*pi*t/period2+indices) 23 | f=(intensity)*((f+1.0)/2.0) 24 | fi=numpy.array(f, dtype=numpy.uint8) 25 | #print fi[0] 26 | #time_write2812(spi, fi) 27 | ws2812.write2812(spi, fi) 28 | time.sleep(0.01) 29 | except KeyboardInterrupt: 30 | test_off(spi, nLED) 31 | 32 | def test_off(spi, nLED): 33 | ws2812.write2812(spi, [0,0,0]*nLED) 34 | 35 | if __name__=="__main__": 36 | spi = spidev.SpiDev() 37 | spi.open(0,0) 38 | 39 | test_pattern_sin(spi, nLED=8, intensity=255) 40 | #test_fixed(spi) 41 | 42 | 43 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /ws2812.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/python 2 | NumpyImported=False 3 | try: 4 | import numpy 5 | from numpy import sin, cos, pi 6 | NumpyImported=True 7 | except ImportError: 8 | #print("Warning: no numpy found, routines will be slow") 9 | pass 10 | """ 11 | T0H: 0.35 -> 2p=0.31 3p=0.47 12 | T0L: 0.80 -> 6p=0.94 5p=0.78 13 | T1H: 0.70 -> 4p=0.625 5p=0.78 14 | T1L: 0.60 -> 4p=0.625 3p=0.47 15 | """ 16 | 17 | def write2812_numpy8(spi,data): 18 | d=numpy.array(data).ravel() 19 | tx=numpy.zeros(len(d)*8, dtype=numpy.uint8) 20 | for ibit in range(8): 21 | #print ibit 22 | #print ((d>>ibit)&1) 23 | #tx[7-ibit::8]=((d>>ibit)&1)*0x18 + 0xE0 #0->3/5, 1-> 5/3 24 | #tx[7-ibit::8]=((d>>ibit)&1)*0x38 + 0xC0 #0->2/6, 1-> 5/3 25 | tx[7-ibit::8]=((d>>ibit)&1)*0x78 + 0x80 #0->1/7, 1-> 5/3 26 | #print [hex(v) for v in tx] 27 | #print [hex(v) for v in tx] 28 | spi.xfer(tx.tolist(), int(8/1.25e-6)) 29 | #spi.xfer(tx.tolist(), int(8e6)) 30 | 31 | def write2812_numpy4(spi,data): 32 | #print spi 33 | d=numpy.array(data).ravel() 34 | tx=numpy.zeros(len(d)*4, dtype=numpy.uint8) 35 | for ibit in range(4): 36 | #print ibit 37 | #print ((d>>(2*ibit))&1), ((d>>(2*ibit+1))&1) 38 | tx[3-ibit::4]=((d>>(2*ibit+1))&1)*0x60 + ((d>>(2*ibit+0))&1)*0x06 + 0x88 39 | #print [hex(v) for v in tx] 40 | #print [hex(v) for v in tx] 41 | spi.xfer(tx.tolist(), int(4/1.25e-6)) #works, on Zero (initially didn't?) 42 | #spi.xfer(tx.tolist(), int(4/1.20e-6)) #works, no flashes on Zero, Works on Raspberry 3 43 | #spi.xfer(tx.tolist(), int(4/1.15e-6)) #works, no flashes on Zero 44 | #spi.xfer(tx.tolist(), int(4/1.05e-6)) #works, no flashes on Zero 45 | #spi.xfer(tx.tolist(), int(4/.95e-6)) #works, no flashes on Zero 46 | #spi.xfer(tx.tolist(), int(4/.90e-6)) #works, no flashes on Zero 47 | #spi.xfer(tx.tolist(), int(4/.85e-6)) #doesn't work (first 4 LEDS work, others have flashing colors) 48 | #spi.xfer(tx.tolist(), int(4/.65e-6)) #doesn't work on Zero; Works on Raspberry 3 49 | #spi.xfer(tx.tolist(), int(4/.55e-6)) #doesn't work on Zero; Works on Raspberry 3 50 | #spi.xfer(tx.tolist(), int(4/.50e-6)) #doesn't work on Zero; Doesn't work on Raspberry 3 (bright colors) 51 | #spi.xfer(tx.tolist(), int(4/.45e-6)) #doesn't work on Zero; Doesn't work on Raspberry 3 52 | #spi.xfer(tx.tolist(), int(8e6)) 53 | 54 | def write2812_pylist8(spi, data): 55 | tx=[] 56 | for rgb in data: 57 | for byte in rgb: 58 | for ibit in range(7,-1,-1): 59 | tx.append(((byte>>ibit)&1)*0x78 + 0x80) 60 | spi.xfer(tx, int(8/1.25e-6)) 61 | 62 | def write2812_pylist4(spi, data): 63 | tx=[] 64 | for rgb in data: 65 | for byte in rgb: 66 | for ibit in range(3,-1,-1): 67 | #print ibit, byte, ((byte>>(2*ibit+1))&1), ((byte>>(2*ibit+0))&1), [hex(v) for v in tx] 68 | tx.append(((byte>>(2*ibit+1))&1)*0x60 + 69 | ((byte>>(2*ibit+0))&1)*0x06 + 70 | 0x88) 71 | #print [hex(v) for v in tx] 72 | spi.xfer(tx, int(4/1.05e-6)) 73 | 74 | 75 | if NumpyImported: 76 | write2812=write2812_numpy4 77 | else: 78 | write2812=write2812_pylist4 79 | 80 | 81 | if __name__=="__main__": 82 | import spidev 83 | import time 84 | import getopt 85 | import sys 86 | 87 | def test_fixed(spi): 88 | #write fixed pattern for 8 LEDs 89 | #This will send the following colors: 90 | # Red, Green, Blue, 91 | # Purple, Cyan, Yellow, 92 | # Black(off), White 93 | write2812(spi, [[10,0,0], [0,10,0], [0,0,10], 94 | [0,10,10], [10,0,10], [10,10,0], 95 | [0,0,0], [10,10,10]]) 96 | def test_off(spi, nLED=8): 97 | #switch all nLED chips OFF. 98 | write2812(spi, [[0,0,0]]*nLED) 99 | 100 | 101 | try: 102 | opts, args = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:], "hn:c:t", ["help", "color=", "test"]) 103 | except getopt.GetoptError as err: 104 | # print help information and exit: 105 | print str(err) # will print something like "option -a not recognized" 106 | usage() 107 | sys.exit(2) 108 | color=None 109 | nLED=8 110 | doTest=False 111 | for o, a in opts: 112 | if o in ("-h", "--help"): 113 | usage() 114 | sys.exit() 115 | elif o in ("-c", "--color"): 116 | color=a 117 | elif o in ("-n", "--nLED"): 118 | nLED=int(a) 119 | elif o in ("-t", "--test"): 120 | doTest=True 121 | assert False, "unhandled option" 122 | 123 | spi = spidev.SpiDev() 124 | spi.open(0,0) 125 | 126 | if color!=None: 127 | write2812(spi, eval(color)*nLED) 128 | elif doTest: 129 | test_fixed(spi, nLED) 130 | else: 131 | usage() 132 | 133 | 134 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------