├── LICENSE ├── README.md └── raidformer.py /LICENSE: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE 2 | Version 2, June 1991 3 | 4 | Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 5 | 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA 6 | Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies 7 | of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. 8 | 9 | Preamble 10 | 11 | The licenses for most software are designed to take away your 12 | freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public 13 | License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free 14 | software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This 15 | General Public License applies to most of the Free Software 16 | Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to 17 | using it. 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If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General 339 | Public License instead of this License. 340 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | Thanks to beichhor (Benn Eichhorn) for his great contributions! 2 | 3 | Hi all. I wanted a way to dynamically create ebs-backed raid sets that were also growable. My problem using CloudFormaiton templates with EBS devices was that I had to specify each one of the devices, mounts, and mount points. This gets out of hand especially when testing multiple variations of RAID types and number of volumes. I'm aware that this leaves the drives out of the control of CloudFormation during deletion, but at this point that is fine with me because I don't want to delete my EBS volumes anyhow. Oh, and for those of you not using CloudFormation, this script works perfectly without it. 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | I set out to create a script that could run in UserData does just this. Here's a simple example: 8 | 9 | `raid_former.py --size 1 --count 2 --raidlevel 1 --mountpoint /nfsexports --wipe --tag foofoo --attach` 10 | 11 | In this case, the script will: 12 | 13 | * Allocate 2 EBS volumes with size of 1GB each. 14 | * Add a Tag of "Name=foofoo" to the volumes. 15 | * Create the devices as /dev/sdf1 and /dev/sdf2. 16 | * Create a raid 1 device of /dev/md0 17 | * Initialize /dev/md0 as a physical volume 18 | * Create a volume group 19 | * Create a logical volume 20 | * Format the logical volume 21 | * Add the fstab entry 22 | * Mount the filesystem. 23 | 24 | Alternatively, if you just wanted to create the raid device and add it to the VolumeGroup you could: 25 | 26 | `raidformer.py --size 1 --count 2 --raidlevel 1 --tag foofoo --attach` 27 | 28 | Or you could do a dry run of the commands and not allocate EBS volumes: 29 | 30 | `raidformer.py --size 1 --count 2 --raidlevel 1 --mountpoint /nfsexports --wipe --tag foofoo --test` 31 | 32 | 33 | If you just wanted to create & format the raid /logical volumes because you are already attaching volumes in your CloudFormation template: 34 | 35 | `raidformer.py --size 1 --count 2 --raidlevel 1 --mountpoint /nfsexports --wipe` 36 | 37 | If you want to restore a raid configuration from a set of snapshots then provide a list of snapshot ids in the same order as they were originally mounted. Order preservation is essential to ensure snapshot is restored. 38 | 39 | `raidformer.py --size=50 --raidlevel=10 --from-snapshot=snap-52bc5047,snap-52bc504f,snap-2bbc5051,snap-17bc5055 --filesystem=xfs --attach --mountpoint=/mnt/wowzers` 40 | 41 | The script requires both a aws_access_key_id and aws_secret_access_key set in your environment or in ~/.boto file. The user needs the following IAM permissions: 42 | 43 | { 44 | "Statement": [ 45 | { 46 | "Sid": "Stmt1336836314319", 47 | "Action": [ 48 | "ec2:AttachVolume", 49 | "ec2:CreateTags", 50 | "ec2:CreateVolume" 51 | ], 52 | "Effect": "Allow", 53 | "Resource": [ 54 | "*" 55 | ] 56 | } 57 | ] 58 | } 59 | 60 | * This was tested on AMI: amzn-ami-pv-2012.03.1.x86_64-ebs (ami-e565ba8c) 61 | 62 | 63 | Example usage in a CloudFormation template -- in my case I use an embedded puppet template for my configurations, so I've added the following parameters to the embedded template: 64 | 65 | "MountPoint" : { 66 | "Description" : "The mountpoint for the fileserver.", 67 | "Type" : "String", 68 | "Default" : "None" 69 | }, 70 | "VolumeSize" : { 71 | "Description" : "The initial volume size.", 72 | "Type" : "Number", 73 | "Default" : "0" 74 | }, 75 | 76 | "VolumeCount" : { 77 | "Description" : "The number of ebs volumes to add.", 78 | "Type" : "Number", 79 | "Default" : "0" 80 | }, 81 | "RaidType" : { 82 | "Description" : "The raid level.", 83 | "Type" : "String", 84 | "Default" : "None", 85 | "AllowedValues": [ 86 | "None", "0", "1","5", "10" 87 | ] 88 | }, 89 | 90 | 91 | and the following in the user data section: 92 | 93 | "RAID=", { "Ref" : "RaidType"}, "\n", 94 | "if [ $RAID != 'None' ]; then\n", 95 | " /usr/local/sbin/ebs_raid.py --size ", { "Ref" : "VolumeSize"}, " --count ", { "Ref" : "VolumeCount"}, " --raidlevel ", { "Ref" : "RaidType"}, " --mountpoint ", { "Ref" : "MountPoint"}," --wipe --tag ", { "Ref" : "AWS::StackName" },"\n", 96 | "fi\n", 97 | "rm -f /root/.boto\n" 98 | 99 | 100 | "EBSSecretAccessKey": { 101 | "Default": "None", 102 | "Description" : "The Secret Access Key used for added EBS raid sets", 103 | "Type": "String" 104 | }, 105 | "EBSAccessKeyID": { 106 | "Default": "None", 107 | "Description" : "The Access Key ID used for added EBS raid sets", 108 | "Type": "String" 109 | }, 110 | 111 | 112 | list of program options: 113 | 114 | 115 | Usage: raidformer.py [options] 116 | 117 | Options: 118 | -h, --help show this help message and exit 119 | -a, --attach Do the volume creation and attachment. 120 | -c COUNT, --count=COUNT 121 | Number of EBS volumes 122 | -d DEVICE, --device=DEVICE 123 | block device to start with 124 | -f FILESYSTEM, --filesystem=FILESYSTEM 125 | filesystem type 126 | -l LOGVOL, --logvol=LOGVOL 127 | Logical Volume Name 128 | -m MOUNTPOINT, --mountpoint=MOUNTPOINT 129 | Mountpoint 130 | --md=MD_DEVICE md device name 131 | -r RAIDLEVEL, --raidlevel=RAIDLEVEL 132 | RAID level 133 | -s SIZE, --size=SIZE Size of EBS volumes 134 | --from-snapshot=SNAPSHOT_ID, --from-snapshot=SNAP1,SNAP2,... 135 | Create volumes from one or more ebs snapshots 136 | -t, --test Does a dry run of the mdadm lvm commands. 137 | --tag=TAG Tag name for the ebs devices 138 | -v VOLGROUP, --volgroup=VOLGROUP 139 | Volume Group Name 140 | -w, --wipe format the new filesystem 141 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /raidformer.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #! /usr/bin/python 2 | 3 | import time 4 | import optparse 5 | import sys 6 | from boto import ec2 7 | import boto.utils 8 | from subprocess import Popen, PIPE, STDOUT 9 | import os.path 10 | import glob 11 | 12 | 13 | def runcmd(cmd): 14 | p = Popen(cmd, shell=True, stdin=PIPE, stdout=PIPE, stderr=STDOUT, close_fds=True) 15 | output = p.stdout.read() 16 | output.strip() 17 | return output 18 | 19 | 20 | def attached_name(item): 21 | item = item.replace("sd","xvd") 22 | return item 23 | 24 | 25 | def get_options(): 26 | """ command-line options """ 27 | 28 | usage = "usage: %prog [options]" 29 | OptionParser = optparse.OptionParser 30 | parser = OptionParser(usage) 31 | parser.add_option("-a", "--attach", action="store_true", 32 | dest="attach", default=False, help="Do the volume creation and attachment.") 33 | parser.add_option("-c", "--count", action="store", type="int", 34 | dest="count", default=1, help="Number of EBS volumes ") 35 | parser.add_option("-d", "--device", action="store", type="string", 36 | dest="device", default="/dev/sdf", help="block device to start with") 37 | parser.add_option("-f", "--filesystem", action="store", type="string", 38 | dest="filesystem", default="ext4", help="filesystem type") 39 | parser.add_option("-l", "--logvol", action="store", type="string", 40 | dest="logvol", default="LogVolData", help="Logical Volume Name") 41 | parser.add_option("-m", "--mountpoint", action="store", type="string", 42 | dest="mountpoint", help="Mountpoint") 43 | parser.add_option("", "--md", action="store", type="string", 44 | dest="md_device", default="/dev/md0", help="md device name ") 45 | parser.add_option("-r", "--raidlevel", action="store", type="int", 46 | dest="raidlevel", help="RAID level") 47 | parser.add_option("-s", "--size", action="store", type="int", 48 | dest="size", help="Size of EBS volumes ") 49 | parser.add_option("-t", "--test", action="store_true", 50 | dest="test", default=False, help="Does a dry run of the mdadm lvm commands.") 51 | parser.add_option("", "--tag", action="store", type="string", 52 | dest="tag", default="ebs_raid", help="Tag name for the ebs devices") 53 | parser.add_option("-v", "--volgroup", action="store", type="string", 54 | dest="volgroup", default="VolGroupData", help="Volume Group Name") 55 | parser.add_option("-w", "--wipe", action="store_true", 56 | dest="wipe", default=False, help="format the new filesystem") 57 | parser.add_option("", "--from-snapshot", action="store", 58 | dest="snapshot", default=None, 59 | help="Create volumes from one or more ebs snapshots. Order preservation is essential") 60 | options, args = parser.parse_args() 61 | return options, args 62 | 63 | 64 | def initialize_raid( cmds, md_device, raidlevel, count, attached_devices ): 65 | cmds.append("echo Y | mdadm --verbose --create %s --level=%s --chunk=256 --raid-devices=%s %s" % ( md_device, str(raidlevel), str(count), ' '.join(attached_devices) ) ) 66 | cmds.append("mdadm --detail --scan > /etc/mdadm.conf") 67 | cmds.append("dd if=/dev/zero of=%s bs=512 count=1" % md_device ) 68 | cmds.append("pvcreate %s" % md_device ) 69 | return cmds 70 | 71 | 72 | def initialize_raid_from_snapshot( cmds, md_device, attached_devices ): 73 | cmds.append("echo Y | mdadm --verbose --assemble %s %s" % ( md_device, ' '.join(attached_devices) ) ) 74 | cmds.append("mdadm --detail --scan > /etc/mdadm.conf") 75 | cmds.append("pvcreate %s" % md_device ) 76 | return cmds 77 | 78 | 79 | def initialize_filesystem(cmds, wipe, md_device, volgroup, logvol, format_cmds, filesystem, mountpoint): 80 | device_short = os.path.basename(md_device).title() 81 | cmds.append("vgcreate %s %s" % ( volgroup, md_device ) ) 82 | cmds.append("lvcreate -l 100%%vg -n %s%s %s" % (logvol, device_short, volgroup) ) 83 | if wipe is True: 84 | cmds.append("%s /dev/%s/%s%s" % (format_cmds[filesystem], volgroup, logvol, device_short)) 85 | cmds.append('echo "/dev/%s/%s%s %s %s %s 1 1" >> /etc/fstab' % (volgroup, logvol, device_short, mountpoint, filesystem, format_fstab_settings[filesystem]) ) 86 | cmds.append('mount %s' % mountpoint) 87 | return cmds 88 | 89 | 90 | options, args = get_options() 91 | 92 | format_cmds = { 93 | "ext4": "mkfs.ext4 -j", 94 | "xfs": "mkfs.xfs" 95 | } 96 | 97 | format_fstab_settings = { 98 | "ext4": "defaults", 99 | "xfs": "noatime,nodiratime" 100 | } 101 | 102 | if options.test: 103 | print "TEST MODE - The following operations will be performed:" 104 | 105 | #device lettering 106 | #http://docs.amazonwebservices.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/ebs-attaching-volume.html 107 | devices = [ '/dev/sdf', '/dev/sdg', '/dev/sdh', '/dev/sdi', '/dev/sdj', '/dev/sdk', '/dev/sdl', '/dev/sdm', '/dev/sdn', '/dev/sdo', '/dev/sdp' ] 108 | 109 | if not options.device in devices: 110 | print "You must use a valid device. See http://docs.amazonwebservices.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/ebs-attaching-volume.html." 111 | sys.exit(1) 112 | 113 | if options.attach is True: 114 | if len(glob.glob(options.device)) > 0: 115 | print "You already have devices that start with %s." % options.device 116 | sys.exit(1) 117 | 118 | if os.path.exists(options.md_device): 119 | print "Device %s already exists." % options.md_device 120 | sys.exit(1) 121 | 122 | my_snapshots = [] 123 | 124 | if options.snapshot: 125 | my_snapshots = options.snapshot.split(',') 126 | options.count = len(my_snapshots) 127 | 128 | if options.wipe: 129 | print "Cowardly will not wipe volumes created from snapshots. Loose the --wipe option if you want to restore from snapshots." 130 | sys.exit(1) 131 | 132 | even_number_raidlevels = [10] 133 | 134 | if options.raidlevel in even_number_raidlevels and options.count % 2 != 0: 135 | print "Number of volumes to be created in not compatible with raid level %s" % options.raidlevel 136 | sys.exit(1) 137 | 138 | my_devices = [] 139 | 140 | for n in range(1, options.count + 1): 141 | my_devices.append(options.device + str(n) ) 142 | 143 | instance_data = boto.utils.get_instance_metadata() 144 | 145 | # connect to region of the current instance rather than default of us-east-1 146 | zone = instance_data['placement']['availability-zone'] 147 | region_name = zone[:-1] 148 | 149 | print "Connecting to region %s" % region_name 150 | ec2conn = ec2.connect_to_region(region_name) 151 | 152 | # map ebs devices ids to ubuntu devices 153 | attached_devices = map(attached_name, my_devices) 154 | 155 | vol_ids = [] 156 | 157 | if (options.attach or options.snapshot) and not options.test: 158 | 159 | for key, device in enumerate(my_devices): 160 | if my_snapshots: 161 | snapshot = my_snapshots[key] 162 | print "Restoring snapshot %s to device %s" % (device, snapshot) 163 | vol = ec2conn.create_volume(options.size, instance_data['placement']['availability-zone'], snapshot=snapshot) 164 | else: 165 | print "Creating new volume on device %s" % device 166 | vol = ec2conn.create_volume(options.size, instance_data['placement']['availability-zone']) 167 | print "Created volume: ", vol.id 168 | 169 | print "Waiting for %s to change to state available" % vol.id 170 | 171 | ready = False 172 | 173 | while not ready: 174 | created = ec2conn.get_all_volumes([vol.id])[0] 175 | if created.status == "available": 176 | ready = True 177 | print "Volume %s is available" % vol.id 178 | 179 | ec2conn.attach_volume(vol.id, instance_data['instance-id'], device) 180 | print "Attached volume: ", vol.id 181 | vol_ids.append(vol.id) 182 | vol.add_tag("Name", options.tag) 183 | 184 | for device in attached_devices: 185 | found = False 186 | 187 | while found is False: 188 | 189 | print "Waiting for %s to become available." % device 190 | if os.path.exists(device): 191 | print "%s has been found." % device 192 | break 193 | else: 194 | time.sleep(10) 195 | 196 | if not os.path.isdir(options.mountpoint): 197 | print "Creating mount point: %s" % options.mountpoint 198 | if not options.test: 199 | os.makedirs(options.mountpoint) 200 | else: 201 | print "WARNING mount point already exists: %s" % options.mountpoint 202 | 203 | commands = list() 204 | 205 | if options.snapshot: 206 | commands = initialize_raid_from_snapshot(commands, options.md_device, attached_devices ) 207 | else: 208 | commands = initialize_raid(commands, options.md_device, options.raidlevel, options.count, attached_devices ) 209 | 210 | commands = initialize_filesystem(commands, options.wipe, options.md_device, options.volgroup, options.logvol, format_cmds, options.filesystem, options.mountpoint) 211 | 212 | for cmd in commands: 213 | print 'Running:', cmd 214 | if options.test is False: 215 | output = runcmd(cmd) 216 | print output 217 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------