├── LICENSE ├── README.md ├── SapGenderPrediction.py ├── gender_lex.csv └── happyfuntokenizing.py /LICENSE: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | Mozilla Public License Version 2.0 2 | ================================== 3 | 4 | 1. Definitions 5 | -------------- 6 | 7 | 1.1. "Contributor" 8 | means each individual or legal entity that creates, contributes to 9 | the creation of, or owns Covered Software. 10 | 11 | 1.2. "Contributor Version" 12 | means the combination of the Contributions of others (if any) used 13 | by a Contributor and that particular Contributor's Contribution. 14 | 15 | 1.3. "Contribution" 16 | means Covered Software of a particular Contributor. 17 | 18 | 1.4. "Covered Software" 19 | means Source Code Form to which the initial Contributor has attached 20 | the notice in Exhibit A, the Executable Form of such Source Code 21 | Form, and Modifications of such Source Code Form, in each case 22 | including portions thereof. 23 | 24 | 1.5. "Incompatible With Secondary Licenses" 25 | means 26 | 27 | (a) that the initial Contributor has attached the notice described 28 | in Exhibit B to the Covered Software; or 29 | 30 | (b) that the Covered Software was made available under the terms of 31 | version 1.1 or earlier of the License, but not also under the 32 | terms of a Secondary License. 33 | 34 | 1.6. "Executable Form" 35 | means any form of the work other than Source Code Form. 36 | 37 | 1.7. "Larger Work" 38 | means a work that combines Covered Software with other material, in 39 | a separate file or files, that is not Covered Software. 40 | 41 | 1.8. "License" 42 | means this document. 43 | 44 | 1.9. "Licensable" 45 | means having the right to grant, to the maximum extent possible, 46 | whether at the time of the initial grant or subsequently, any and 47 | all of the rights conveyed by this License. 48 | 49 | 1.10. "Modifications" 50 | means any of the following: 51 | 52 | (a) any file in Source Code Form that results from an addition to, 53 | deletion from, or modification of the contents of Covered 54 | Software; or 55 | 56 | (b) any new file in Source Code Form that contains any Covered 57 | Software. 58 | 59 | 1.11. "Patent Claims" of a Contributor 60 | means any patent claim(s), including without limitation, method, 61 | process, and apparatus claims, in any patent Licensable by such 62 | Contributor that would be infringed, but for the grant of the 63 | License, by the making, using, selling, offering for sale, having 64 | made, import, or transfer of either its Contributions or its 65 | Contributor Version. 66 | 67 | 1.12. "Secondary License" 68 | means either the GNU General Public License, Version 2.0, the GNU 69 | Lesser General Public License, Version 2.1, the GNU Affero General 70 | Public License, Version 3.0, or any later versions of those 71 | licenses. 72 | 73 | 1.13. "Source Code Form" 74 | means the form of the work preferred for making modifications. 75 | 76 | 1.14. "You" (or "Your") 77 | means an individual or a legal entity exercising rights under this 78 | License. For legal entities, "You" includes any entity that 79 | controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with You. For 80 | purposes of this definition, "control" means (a) the power, direct 81 | or indirect, to cause the direction or management of such entity, 82 | whether by contract or otherwise, or (b) ownership of more than 83 | fifty percent (50%) of the outstanding shares or beneficial 84 | ownership of such entity. 85 | 86 | 2. License Grants and Conditions 87 | -------------------------------- 88 | 89 | 2.1. Grants 90 | 91 | Each Contributor hereby grants You a world-wide, royalty-free, 92 | non-exclusive license: 93 | 94 | (a) under intellectual property rights (other than patent or trademark) 95 | Licensable by such Contributor to use, reproduce, make available, 96 | modify, display, perform, distribute, and otherwise exploit its 97 | Contributions, either on an unmodified basis, with Modifications, or 98 | as part of a Larger Work; and 99 | 100 | (b) under Patent Claims of such Contributor to make, use, sell, offer 101 | for sale, have made, import, and otherwise transfer either its 102 | Contributions or its Contributor Version. 103 | 104 | 2.2. Effective Date 105 | 106 | The licenses granted in Section 2.1 with respect to any Contribution 107 | become effective for each Contribution on the date the Contributor first 108 | distributes such Contribution. 109 | 110 | 2.3. Limitations on Grant Scope 111 | 112 | The licenses granted in this Section 2 are the only rights granted under 113 | this License. No additional rights or licenses will be implied from the 114 | distribution or licensing of Covered Software under this License. 115 | Notwithstanding Section 2.1(b) above, no patent license is granted by a 116 | Contributor: 117 | 118 | (a) for any code that a Contributor has removed from Covered Software; 119 | or 120 | 121 | (b) for infringements caused by: (i) Your and any other third party's 122 | modifications of Covered Software, or (ii) the combination of its 123 | Contributions with other software (except as part of its Contributor 124 | Version); or 125 | 126 | (c) under Patent Claims infringed by Covered Software in the absence of 127 | its Contributions. 128 | 129 | This License does not grant any rights in the trademarks, service marks, 130 | or logos of any Contributor (except as may be necessary to comply with 131 | the notice requirements in Section 3.4). 132 | 133 | 2.4. Subsequent Licenses 134 | 135 | No Contributor makes additional grants as a result of Your choice to 136 | distribute the Covered Software under a subsequent version of this 137 | License (see Section 10.2) or under the terms of a Secondary License (if 138 | permitted under the terms of Section 3.3). 139 | 140 | 2.5. Representation 141 | 142 | Each Contributor represents that the Contributor believes its 143 | Contributions are its original creation(s) or it has sufficient rights 144 | to grant the rights to its Contributions conveyed by this License. 145 | 146 | 2.6. Fair Use 147 | 148 | This License is not intended to limit any rights You have under 149 | applicable copyright doctrines of fair use, fair dealing, or other 150 | equivalents. 151 | 152 | 2.7. Conditions 153 | 154 | Sections 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, and 3.4 are conditions of the licenses granted 155 | in Section 2.1. 156 | 157 | 3. Responsibilities 158 | ------------------- 159 | 160 | 3.1. Distribution of Source Form 161 | 162 | All distribution of Covered Software in Source Code Form, including any 163 | Modifications that You create or to which You contribute, must be under 164 | the terms of this License. You must inform recipients that the Source 165 | Code Form of the Covered Software is governed by the terms of this 166 | License, and how they can obtain a copy of this License. You may not 167 | attempt to alter or restrict the recipients' rights in the Source Code 168 | Form. 169 | 170 | 3.2. Distribution of Executable Form 171 | 172 | If You distribute Covered Software in Executable Form then: 173 | 174 | (a) such Covered Software must also be made available in Source Code 175 | Form, as described in Section 3.1, and You must inform recipients of 176 | the Executable Form how they can obtain a copy of such Source Code 177 | Form by reasonable means in a timely manner, at a charge no more 178 | than the cost of distribution to the recipient; and 179 | 180 | (b) You may distribute such Executable Form under the terms of this 181 | License, or sublicense it under different terms, provided that the 182 | license for the Executable Form does not attempt to limit or alter 183 | the recipients' rights in the Source Code Form under this License. 184 | 185 | 3.3. Distribution of a Larger Work 186 | 187 | You may create and distribute a Larger Work under terms of Your choice, 188 | provided that You also comply with the requirements of this License for 189 | the Covered Software. If the Larger Work is a combination of Covered 190 | Software with a work governed by one or more Secondary Licenses, and the 191 | Covered Software is not Incompatible With Secondary Licenses, this 192 | License permits You to additionally distribute such Covered Software 193 | under the terms of such Secondary License(s), so that the recipient of 194 | the Larger Work may, at their option, further distribute the Covered 195 | Software under the terms of either this License or such Secondary 196 | License(s). 197 | 198 | 3.4. Notices 199 | 200 | You may not remove or alter the substance of any license notices 201 | (including copyright notices, patent notices, disclaimers of warranty, 202 | or limitations of liability) contained within the Source Code Form of 203 | the Covered Software, except that You may alter any license notices to 204 | the extent required to remedy known factual inaccuracies. 205 | 206 | 3.5. Application of Additional Terms 207 | 208 | You may choose to offer, and to charge a fee for, warranty, support, 209 | indemnity or liability obligations to one or more recipients of Covered 210 | Software. However, You may do so only on Your own behalf, and not on 211 | behalf of any Contributor. You must make it absolutely clear that any 212 | such warranty, support, indemnity, or liability obligation is offered by 213 | You alone, and You hereby agree to indemnify every Contributor for any 214 | liability incurred by such Contributor as a result of warranty, support, 215 | indemnity or liability terms You offer. You may include additional 216 | disclaimers of warranty and limitations of liability specific to any 217 | jurisdiction. 218 | 219 | 4. Inability to Comply Due to Statute or Regulation 220 | --------------------------------------------------- 221 | 222 | If it is impossible for You to comply with any of the terms of this 223 | License with respect to some or all of the Covered Software due to 224 | statute, judicial order, or regulation then You must: (a) comply with 225 | the terms of this License to the maximum extent possible; and (b) 226 | describe the limitations and the code they affect. Such description must 227 | be placed in a text file included with all distributions of the Covered 228 | Software under this License. Except to the extent prohibited by statute 229 | or regulation, such description must be sufficiently detailed for a 230 | recipient of ordinary skill to be able to understand it. 231 | 232 | 5. Termination 233 | -------------- 234 | 235 | 5.1. The rights granted under this License will terminate automatically 236 | if You fail to comply with any of its terms. However, if You become 237 | compliant, then the rights granted under this License from a particular 238 | Contributor are reinstated (a) provisionally, unless and until such 239 | Contributor explicitly and finally terminates Your grants, and (b) on an 240 | ongoing basis, if such Contributor fails to notify You of the 241 | non-compliance by some reasonable means prior to 60 days after You have 242 | come back into compliance. Moreover, Your grants from a particular 243 | Contributor are reinstated on an ongoing basis if such Contributor 244 | notifies You of the non-compliance by some reasonable means, this is the 245 | first time You have received notice of non-compliance with this License 246 | from such Contributor, and You become compliant prior to 30 days after 247 | Your receipt of the notice. 248 | 249 | 5.2. If You initiate litigation against any entity by asserting a patent 250 | infringement claim (excluding declaratory judgment actions, 251 | counter-claims, and cross-claims) alleging that a Contributor Version 252 | directly or indirectly infringes any patent, then the rights granted to 253 | You by any and all Contributors for the Covered Software under Section 254 | 2.1 of this License shall terminate. 255 | 256 | 5.3. In the event of termination under Sections 5.1 or 5.2 above, all 257 | end user license agreements (excluding distributors and resellers) which 258 | have been validly granted by You or Your distributors under this License 259 | prior to termination shall survive termination. 260 | 261 | ************************************************************************ 262 | * * 263 | * 6. Disclaimer of Warranty * 264 | * ------------------------- * 265 | * * 266 | * Covered Software is provided under this License on an "as is" * 267 | * basis, without warranty of any kind, either expressed, implied, or * 268 | * statutory, including, without limitation, warranties that the * 269 | * Covered Software is free of defects, merchantable, fit for a * 270 | * particular purpose or non-infringing. The entire risk as to the * 271 | * quality and performance of the Covered Software is with You. * 272 | * Should any Covered Software prove defective in any respect, You * 273 | * (not any Contributor) assume the cost of any necessary servicing, * 274 | * repair, or correction. This disclaimer of warranty constitutes an * 275 | * essential part of this License. No use of any Covered Software is * 276 | * authorized under this License except under this disclaimer. * 277 | * * 278 | ************************************************************************ 279 | 280 | ************************************************************************ 281 | * * 282 | * 7. Limitation of Liability * 283 | * -------------------------- * 284 | * * 285 | * Under no circumstances and under no legal theory, whether tort * 286 | * (including negligence), contract, or otherwise, shall any * 287 | * Contributor, or anyone who distributes Covered Software as * 288 | * permitted above, be liable to You for any direct, indirect, * 289 | * special, incidental, or consequential damages of any character * 290 | * including, without limitation, damages for lost profits, loss of * 291 | * goodwill, work stoppage, computer failure or malfunction, or any * 292 | * and all other commercial damages or losses, even if such party * 293 | * shall have been informed of the possibility of such damages. This * 294 | * limitation of liability shall not apply to liability for death or * 295 | * personal injury resulting from such party's negligence to the * 296 | * extent applicable law prohibits such limitation. Some * 297 | * jurisdictions do not allow the exclusion or limitation of * 298 | * incidental or consequential damages, so this exclusion and * 299 | * limitation may not apply to You. * 300 | * * 301 | ************************************************************************ 302 | 303 | 8. Litigation 304 | ------------- 305 | 306 | Any litigation relating to this License may be brought only in the 307 | courts of a jurisdiction where the defendant maintains its principal 308 | place of business and such litigation shall be governed by laws of that 309 | jurisdiction, without reference to its conflict-of-law provisions. 310 | Nothing in this Section shall prevent a party's ability to bring 311 | cross-claims or counter-claims. 312 | 313 | 9. Miscellaneous 314 | ---------------- 315 | 316 | This License represents the complete agreement concerning the subject 317 | matter hereof. If any provision of this License is held to be 318 | unenforceable, such provision shall be reformed only to the extent 319 | necessary to make it enforceable. Any law or regulation which provides 320 | that the language of a contract shall be construed against the drafter 321 | shall not be used to construe this License against a Contributor. 322 | 323 | 10. Versions of the License 324 | --------------------------- 325 | 326 | 10.1. New Versions 327 | 328 | Mozilla Foundation is the license steward. Except as provided in Section 329 | 10.3, no one other than the license steward has the right to modify or 330 | publish new versions of this License. Each version will be given a 331 | distinguishing version number. 332 | 333 | 10.2. Effect of New Versions 334 | 335 | You may distribute the Covered Software under the terms of the version 336 | of the License under which You originally received the Covered Software, 337 | or under the terms of any subsequent version published by the license 338 | steward. 339 | 340 | 10.3. Modified Versions 341 | 342 | If you create software not governed by this License, and you want to 343 | create a new license for such software, you may create and use a 344 | modified version of this License if you rename the license and remove 345 | any references to the name of the license steward (except to note that 346 | such modified license differs from this License). 347 | 348 | 10.4. Distributing Source Code Form that is Incompatible With Secondary 349 | Licenses 350 | 351 | If You choose to distribute Source Code Form that is Incompatible With 352 | Secondary Licenses under the terms of this version of the License, the 353 | notice described in Exhibit B of this License must be attached. 354 | 355 | Exhibit A - Source Code Form License Notice 356 | ------------------------------------------- 357 | 358 | This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public 359 | License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this 360 | file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. 361 | 362 | If it is not possible or desirable to put the notice in a particular 363 | file, then You may include the notice in a location (such as a LICENSE 364 | file in a relevant directory) where a recipient would be likely to look 365 | for such a notice. 366 | 367 | You may add additional accurate notices of copyright ownership. 368 | 369 | Exhibit B - "Incompatible With Secondary Licenses" Notice 370 | --------------------------------------------------------- 371 | 372 | This Source Code Form is "Incompatible With Secondary Licenses", as 373 | defined by the Mozilla Public License, v. 2.0. 374 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # TwitterGenderPredictor 2 | 3 | __JT Wolohan__ 4 | 5 | _jwolohan@indiana.edu_ 6 | 7 | #### Description 8 | This is a Python implementation of Sap et al.'s gender prediction algorithm for Twitter. The algorithm should be 90% accurate given a large sample of users and a reasonable amount of data for each user. 9 | 10 | _Sap, M., Park, G., Eichstaedt, J., Kern, M., Stillwell, D., Kosinski, M., ... & Schwartz, H. A. (2014). Developing age and gender predictive lexica over social media. In Proceedings of the 2014 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP) (pp. 1146-1151)._ 11 | 12 | ## Use 13 | 14 | 1. Clone the repository. 15 | 2. Import SapGenderPrediction. 16 | 3. Initiate a `GndrPrdct` class object. 17 | 4. Call the `predict_gender` method on a string collection of tweets. 18 | 19 | Predictions are returned as integers. 0 is a prediction of male, 1 is a prediction of female. 20 | 21 | #### Example 22 | 23 | ```python 24 | # Step 2 25 | from SapGenderPrediction import GndrPrdct 26 | 27 | # Step 3 28 | Classifier = GndrPrdct() 29 | tweets = ["This is a tweet.", "I'm another tweet!", "Hey, @realDonaldTrump, I'm yet another tweet!"] 30 | 31 | # Step 4 32 | Classifier.predict_gender(" ".join(tweets)) 33 | ``` 34 | 35 | 36 | 37 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /SapGenderPrediction.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | import happyfuntokenizing as hftknz 2 | import csv 3 | from math import sin 4 | 5 | class GndrPrdct: 6 | '''Takes text and provides gender prediction (1 is female, 0 is male)''' 7 | def __init__(self,fp="gender_lex.csv"): 8 | self.tknzr = hftknz.Tokenizer(preserve_case=False) 9 | self.weights = dict() 10 | with open(fp) as f: 11 | rdr = csv.reader(f) 12 | rdr.__next__() 13 | for r in rdr: 14 | self.weights[r[0]]=float(r[1]) 15 | 16 | def weigh(self,token,tokens): 17 | w = self.weights.get(token,0) 18 | if w == 0: 19 | return 0 20 | else: 21 | return w*tokens.count(token)/len(tokens) 22 | 23 | def predict_gender(self,txt): 24 | tkns = list(self.tknzr.tokenize(txt)) 25 | wts = sum([self.weigh(t,tkns) for t in set(tkns)]) 26 | p = sin(-0.06724152+wts) 27 | if p >= 0: 28 | # Female 29 | return 1 30 | else: 31 | # Male 32 | return 0 33 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /happyfuntokenizing.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env python3 2 | # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- 3 | 4 | """ 5 | This code implements a basic, Twitter-aware tokenizer. 6 | 7 | A tokenizer is a function that splits a string of text into words. In 8 | Python terms, we map string and unicode objects into lists of unicode 9 | objects. 10 | 11 | There is not a single right way to do tokenizing. The best method 12 | depends on the application. This tokenizer is designed to be flexible 13 | and this easy to adapt to new domains and tasks. The basic logic is 14 | this: 15 | 16 | 1. The tuple regex_strings defines a list of regular expression 17 | strings. 18 | 19 | 2. The regex_strings strings are put, in order, into a compiled 20 | regular expression object called word_re. 21 | 22 | 3. The tokenization is done by word_re.findall(s), where s is the 23 | user-supplied string, inside the tokenize() method of the class 24 | Tokenizer. 25 | 26 | 4. When instantiating Tokenizer objects, there is a single option: 27 | preserve_case. By default, it is set to True. If it is set to 28 | False, then the tokenizer will downcase everything except for 29 | emoticons. 30 | 31 | The __main__ method illustrates by tokenizing a few examples. 32 | 33 | I've also included a Tokenizer method tokenize_random_tweet(). If the 34 | twitter library is installed (http://code.google.com/p/python-twitter/) 35 | and Twitter is cooperating, then it should tokenize a random 36 | English-language tweet. 37 | """ 38 | 39 | __author__ = "Christopher Potts" 40 | __copyright__ = "Copyright 2011, Christopher Potts" 41 | __credits__ = [] 42 | __license__ = "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/" 43 | __version__ = "1.0" 44 | __maintainer__ = "Christopher Potts" 45 | __email__ = "See the author's website" 46 | 47 | ###################################################################### 48 | 49 | import re 50 | import html.entities 51 | def lmap(f,xs): 52 | return list(map(f,xs)) 53 | ###################################################################### 54 | # The following strings are components in the regular expression 55 | # that is used for tokenizing. It's important that phone_number 56 | # appears first in the final regex (since it can contain whitespace). 57 | # It also could matter that tags comes after emoticons, due to the 58 | # possibility of having text like 59 | # 60 | # <:| and some text >:) 61 | # 62 | # Most imporatantly, the final element should always be last, since it 63 | # does a last ditch whitespace-based tokenization of whatever is left. 64 | 65 | # This particular element is used in a couple ways, so we define it 66 | # with a name: 67 | emoticon_string = r""" 68 | (?: 69 | [<>]? 70 | [:;=8] # eyes 71 | [\-o\*\']? # optional nose 72 | [\)\]\(\[dDpP/\:\}\{@\|\\] # mouth 73 | | 74 | [\)\]\(\[dDpP/\:\}\{@\|\\] # mouth 75 | [\-o\*\']? # optional nose 76 | [:;=8] # eyes 77 | [<>]? 78 | )""" 79 | 80 | # The components of the tokenizer: 81 | regex_strings = ( 82 | # Phone numbers: 83 | r""" 84 | (?: 85 | (?: # (international) 86 | \+?[01] 87 | [\-\s.]* 88 | )? 89 | (?: # (area code) 90 | [\(]? 91 | \d{3} 92 | [\-\s.\)]* 93 | )? 94 | \d{3} # exchange 95 | [\-\s.]* 96 | \d{4} # base 97 | )""" 98 | , 99 | # Emoticons: 100 | emoticon_string 101 | , 102 | # HTML tags: 103 | r"""<[^>]+>""" 104 | , 105 | # Twitter username: 106 | r"""(?:@[\w_]+)""" 107 | , 108 | # Twitter hashtags: 109 | r"""(?:\#+[\w_]+[\w\'_\-]*[\w_]+)""" 110 | , 111 | # Remaining word types: 112 | r""" 113 | (?:[a-z][a-z'\-_]+[a-z]) # Words with apostrophes or dashes. 114 | | 115 | (?:[+\-]?\d+[,/.:-]\d+[+\-]?) # Numbers, including fractions, decimals. 116 | | 117 | (?:[\w_]+) # Words without apostrophes or dashes. 118 | | 119 | (?:\.(?:\s*\.){1,}) # Ellipsis dots. 120 | | 121 | (?:\S) # Everything else that isn't whitespace. 122 | """ 123 | ) 124 | 125 | ###################################################################### 126 | # This is the core tokenizing regex: 127 | 128 | word_re = re.compile(r"""(%s)""" % "|".join(regex_strings), re.VERBOSE | re.I | re.UNICODE) 129 | 130 | # The emoticon string gets its own regex so that we can preserve case for them as needed: 131 | emoticon_re = re.compile(regex_strings[1], re.VERBOSE | re.I | re.UNICODE) 132 | 133 | # These are for regularizing HTML entities to Unicode: 134 | html_entity_digit_re = re.compile(r"&#\d+;") 135 | html_entity_alpha_re = re.compile(r"&\w+;") 136 | amp = "&" 137 | 138 | ###################################################################### 139 | 140 | class Tokenizer: 141 | def __init__(self, preserve_case=False): 142 | self.preserve_case = preserve_case 143 | 144 | def tokenize(self, s): 145 | """ 146 | Argument: s -- any string or unicode object 147 | Value: a tokenize list of strings; conatenating this list returns the original string if preserve_case=False 148 | """ 149 | # Try to ensure unicode: 150 | #try: 151 | #s = str(s,'utf-8') 152 | #except UnicodeDecodeError: 153 | #s = str(s).encode('string_escape') 154 | #s = str(s,'utf-8') 155 | # Fix HTML character entitites: 156 | s = self.__html2unicode(s) 157 | # Tokenize: 158 | words = word_re.findall(s) 159 | # Possible alter the case, but avoid changing emoticons like :D into :d: 160 | if not self.preserve_case: 161 | words = lmap((lambda x : x if emoticon_re.search(x) else x.lower()), words) 162 | return words 163 | 164 | def __html2unicode(self, s): 165 | """ 166 | Internal metod that seeks to replace all the HTML entities in 167 | s with their corresponding unicode characters. 168 | """ 169 | # First the digits: 170 | ents = set(html_entity_digit_re.findall(s)) 171 | if len(ents) > 0: 172 | for ent in ents: 173 | entnum = ent[2:-1] 174 | try: 175 | entnum = int(entnum) 176 | s = s.replace(ent, unichr(entnum)) 177 | except: 178 | pass 179 | # Now the alpha versions: 180 | ents = set(html_entity_alpha_re.findall(s)) 181 | ents = filter((lambda x : x != amp), ents) 182 | for ent in ents: 183 | entname = ent[1:-1] 184 | try: 185 | s = s.replace(ent, unichr(htmlentitydefs.name2codepoint[entname])) 186 | except: 187 | pass 188 | s = s.replace(amp, " and ") 189 | return s 190 | 191 | ############################################################################### 192 | 193 | #if __name__ == '__main__': 194 | #tok = Tokenizer(preserve_case=False) 195 | #samples = ( 196 | #u"RT @ #happyfuncoding: this is a typical Twitter tweet :-)", 197 | #u"HTML entities & other Web oddities can be an ácute pain >:(", 198 | #u"It's perhaps noteworthy that phone numbers like +1 (800) 123-4567, (800) 123-4567, and 123-4567 are treated as words despite their whitespace." 199 | #) 200 | 201 | #for s in samples: 202 | #print "======================================================================" 203 | #print s 204 | #tokenized = tok.tokenize(s) 205 | #print "\n".join(tokenized) 206 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------