├── Digital Accessibility Framework.md ├── Digital accessibility testing tools.md ├── Learn about digital accessibility.md ├── README.md └── WCAG-Principles-Applied-To-Mobile_OK.pdf /Digital Accessibility Framework.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # Digital Accessibility Framework for Organizations 2 | 3 | The building blocks of a successful digital accessibility program. Ensure that you include people with disabilities in your processes and on your teams. Consider creating a panel of people with disabilities that you can consult with on all accessibility matters (not just digital). 4 | 5 | * * * * * 6 | 7 | ## 1\. Establish a foundation 8 | 9 | ### Identify an executive champion for accessibility 10 | 11 | This doesn't have to be a full-time position, but the executive champion must:  12 | 13 | - include accessibility in their [OKRs](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EIcpFZ5rbHc&feature=youtu.be&ab_channel=Perdoo)/[KPIs](https://www.klipfolio.com/resources/articles/what-is-a-key-performance-indicator) 14 | 15 | - bring accessibility to the table in all meetings 16 | 17 | - prioritize accessibility and help others see the value of it 18 | 19 | In addition to an executive champion, you'll need another champion to coordinate accessibility efforts across your organization and collect data for KPI reporting. This person can also lead an accessibility champions group. 20 | 21 | A group of accessibility champions from various parts of the organization can be very useful for coordinating accessibility efforts, sharing information accross the organization and avoiding a siloed approach to accessibility. 22 | 23 | ### Allocate budget for digital accessibility 24 | 25 | You'll need funding to:  26 | 27 | - acquire accessibility expertise (hire employees, contractors or procure vendors) 28 | 29 | - train your team on how to do digital accessibility 30 | 31 | - test accessibility using tools, assistive technology and people with disabilities 32 | 33 | ### Create a strategy for digital accessibility 34 | 35 | The key parts of your initial digital accessibility strategy are: 36 | 37 | - where and when you will acquire your accessibility expertise 38 | 39 | - where in the organization digital accessibility will sit  40 | 41 | - what culture and governance you want for digital accessibility 42 | 43 | - how the digital team will be supported in implementing accessibility 44 | 45 | Regularly update your strategy based on whether you achieve your digital accessibility outcomes (see step 4). 46 | 47 | ## 2\. Train your team 48 | 49 | ### Establish a baseline understanding 50 | 51 | Your entire digital team needs to understand: 52 | 53 | - the different types of disabilities people can have,  54 | 55 | - the challenges they face with inaccessible websites and apps, and  56 | 57 | - the types of assistive technology they use. 58 | 59 | An accessibility bootcamp is an effective way of training large teams all at once or you can create an on demand training program for continuous learning. 60 | 61 | ### Implement role-based training 62 | 63 | Beyond the baseline understanding of accessibility,  64 | 65 | - product managers need to include accessibility in planning and sprint reviews 66 | 67 | - researchers need to include disabled people in user interviews and usability testing 68 | 69 | - designers need to know how to create designs with accessibility annotations 70 | 71 | - writers need to know how to write clearly and simply, how to create usable link text and headings, and how to describe images appropriately 72 | 73 | - developers need to know how to write accessible code and validate it 74 | 75 | - QA testers need to know how to validate for accessibility and have access to assistive technology users for testing 76 | 77 | Role-based training can be delivered by an instructor in-house, outsourced to a vendor, or obtained through online learning courses. 78 | 79 | ### Create an integrated onboarding program 80 | 81 | Once your entire digital team is trained in accessibility, you need a plan to keep it that way. All new employees, contractors and vendors will need accessibility training as part of onboarding. Your accessibility onboarding program needs to be integrated with your hiring and procurement processes. 82 | 83 | ## 3\. Change your processes 84 | 85 | ### Embed accessibility in procurement 86 | 87 | As part of your procurement process, you must: 88 | 89 | - evaluate products for accessibility as part of your selection process 90 | 91 | - determine accessibility evaluation criteria 92 | 93 | - include accessibility in procurement contracts  94 | 95 | - ensure that selected vendors understand accessibility requirements  96 | 97 | ### Evaluate your digital processes for points of insertion 98 | 99 | - review your design system/style guide/branding for colour contrast, font readability and diverse representation of people in photos and illustrations 100 | 101 | - review your user research process for diversity and inclusion of people with disabilities in user interviews and usability testing 102 | 103 | - review your design process for ways to include accessibility in design deliverables and communicate requirements to developers 104 | 105 | - review your code review and approval process for opportunities to validate code for accessibility using automated tools 106 | 107 | - review your QA process for ways to add usability testing by assistive technology users prior to launch 108 | 109 | - review your analytics technology for new tools that can add accessibility to your analysis of website and app performance 110 | 111 | ### Communicate accountability for accessibility 112 | 113 | Ensure that your entire digital team is aware of their accessibility responsibilities:  114 | 115 | - individual contributors and their managers are accountable for the accessibility of work they do 116 | 117 | - an executive champion is accountable for the accessibility of the organization 118 | 119 | - product owners are accountable for the accessibility of their products 120 | 121 | - accessibility champions are accountable for creating standards and giving advice on training, testing, auditing and ongoing accessibility improvements 122 | 123 | ## 4\. Track your progress 124 | 125 | How do you know if digital efforts are working? you have to decide what outcomes you want, measure your baseline and then measure the change as you implement an accessibility framework. 126 | 127 | Stacey Barr writes about [how to move from measuring activity to measuring outcomes](https://www.staceybarr.com/measure-up/how-to-move-from-activity-measures-to-outcome-measures/). Here's an example: 128 | 129 | Outcome: individual contributors and their managers are accountable for the accessibility of work they do 130 | 131 | How to achieve: incorporate accessibility training into onboarding programs and performance reviews 132 | 133 | Metrics: 134 | 135 | - 100% of new employees understand their role relevant accessibility requirements within 6 weeks of starting a new job (including internal transfers/promotions) 136 | 137 | - 100% of employee performance reviews include an assessment of accessibility skills and contributions (ideally include a metric that can be averaged across all employees) 138 | 139 | How to measure: 140 | 141 | - test, survey, or interview a percentage new employees post-training 142 | 143 | - analyze the accessibility fields of performance review documents for completion and run a query to determine average skills/contributions across the organization 144 | 145 | ### Implement testing tools and processes 146 | 147 | Use automated accessibility testing tools like [Axe](https://www.deque.com/axe/), [WAVE](https://wave.webaim.org/), [Pa11y](https://pa11y.org/), [Siteimprove](https://siteimprove.com/), [Tenon.io](https://tenon.io/), etc. and also test with users of assistive technology like screen readers, keyboard and magnifiers to catch accessibility issues that can't be found by automated testing tools. 148 | 149 | Assistive technology testing can be outsourced to vendors that use a community of disabled testers. 150 | 151 | [WCAG auditing](https://www.w3.org/WAI/test-evaluate/conformance/wcag-em/) requires deep accessibility expertise and a large time commitment. Consider outsourcing audits, if they are required by legislation. 152 | 153 | ### Report on progress across the organization 154 | 155 | Publish quarterly reports, a newsletter, a blog or host lunch n' learns, give talks, speak in sprint reviews – whatever works best for your team and culture to bring awareness of the progress being made in digital accessibility. 156 | 157 | ### Publish an accessibility statement 158 | 159 | Writing about your accessibility commitment and welcoming feedback opens the door to positive dialogue with your customers who have disabilities. Responding to feedback in a constructive and helpful way is critical. 160 | 161 | Consider also promoting the accessibility status of your websites and apps when you market them. People with disabilities represent an untapped market segment and a considerable business opportunity. 162 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /Digital accessibility testing tools.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # Digital accessibility testing tools 2 | 3 | Tools to help you test for accessibility barriers. When you create digital content in an accessible way, more people can use your documents, website or app. 4 | 5 | Accessibility is a team sport—everyone has a part to play. A robust web accessibility testing process could involve: 6 | 7 | - writers checking if content is written in plain language 8 | - designers checking if text colours have enough contrast and fonts are easy-to-read; and including tab/reading order in their design specifications 9 | - developers checking that interactive elements can be used with a screen reader and speech input 10 | - devops checking for accessibility errors as part of continuous integration 11 | - QA doing a final check using WAVE, tabbing through all elements with a keyboard and confirming that pages work when zoomed 200% 12 | - user researchers [testing accessibility with real people](https://www.makeitfable.com/) 13 | 14 | There's more testing you can do than what I've listed above, but this is a great starting point and you can build on it once you've mastered the basics of accessibility. 15 | 16 | Here are my favourite accessibility testing tools, grouped by type. 17 | 18 | This work is licensed under a [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) 19 | 20 | ## Automated WCAG compliance testing 21 | 22 | ### Automation / Integration 23 | 24 | Add one of these free tools to your environment to test for accessibility barriers during development. They check the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines and highlight compliance errors. 25 | 26 | - [Pa11y: command-line accessibility testing interface](https://pa11y.org/) 27 | - [Automated Accessibility Testing Tool (AATT)](https://github.com/paypal/AATT) 28 | - [Tenon: API-first, automated accessibility testing tool](https://tenon.io/get-code/) 29 | 30 | ### Browser extensions 31 | 32 | Use these free tools to test web pages for accessibility barriers. They check the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines and highlight compliance errors. 33 | 34 | - [Axe (Chrome and Firefox)](https://www.deque.com/axe/axe-for-web/) 35 | The Axe extension highlights errors on screen, explains what caused the error and how to fix it. Axe is great for toggling between the element on screen and the source code. [Easy Accessibility Testing with aXe (3.5 minute video)](https://youtu.be/FW1giWW5M9I) 36 | - [WAVE (Chrome and Firefox)](https://wave.webaim.org/extension/) 37 | The WAVE extension highlights errors on screen, explains what caused the error and how to fix it. WAVE allows you to turn page styles off to help narrow down exactly where an error is. [WAVE Help](https://wave.webaim.org/help) 38 | - [tota11y: an accessibility visualization toolkit (all browsers)](https://khan.github.io/tota11y/) 39 | The tota11y extension allows you to check one group of errors at a time (headings, contrast, links, etc.). It highlights errors on screen, displays the relevant code and has tips for fixing the errors. 40 | - [taba11y (Chrome)](https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/taba11y/aocppmckdocdjkphmofnklcjhdidgmga?hl=en) 41 | The taba11y extension tabs through all focusable elements on a page and numbers them, so you can check tab order without tabbing through everything yourself. 42 | 43 | ### Documents 44 | 45 | - [Use the accessibility checker to find accessibility issues (web page)](https://support.office.com/en-us/article/Use-the-Accessibility-Checker-to-find-accessibility-issues-a16f6de0-2f39-4a2b-8bd8-5ad801426c7f) OR 46 | [Use the Office accessibility checker (1 min video)](https://support.office.com/en-us/article/make-your-content-accessible-to-everyone-with-the-accessibility-checker-38059c2d-45ef-4830-9797-618f0e96f3ab) 47 | - [Create and verify PDF accessibility (web page)](https://helpx.adobe.com/ca/acrobat/using/create-verify-pdf-accessibility.html) 48 | - [PAVE – Validate and fix PDF accessibility online](https://pave-pdf.org/?lang=en) 49 | - [PDF Accessibility Checker (PAC) - free Windows software](https://www.access-for-all.ch/en/pdf-accessibility-checker.html) 50 | - [Colour Contrast Analyser - free Windows/Mac software](https://developer.paciellogroup.com/resources/contrastanalyser/) 51 | 52 | ### Mobile apps 53 | 54 | - [Testing for Accessibility on OS X](https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/documentation/Accessibility/Conceptual/AccessibilityMacOSX/OSXAXTestingApps.html) 55 | - [Accessibility scanner (Android)](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.google.android.apps.accessibility.auditor&hl=en_CA) 56 | - Appt has resources for [manual](https://appt.org/en/guidelines/beginnersguide-accessibility-testing) and [automated testing](https://appt.org/en/articles/automated-accessibility-testing-android-ios-apps) on mobile 57 | 58 | ## Manual testing tools 59 | 60 | ### Low vision 61 | 62 | - [WCAG Color contrast checker (Chrome)](https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/wcag-color-contrast-check/plnahcmalebffmaghcpcmpaciebdhgdf?hl=en) 63 | All the browser extensions check colour contrast. The WCAG color contrast checker _only_ checks colour contrast, nothing else. It will tell you if colours meet AA or AAA requirements for regular or large text. The colour picker tool lets you select colours on screen and test them. 64 | - Check your font size—is it at least 16px? 65 | - Zoom in 200%—does everything reflow so you can read without scrolling? or, even better, use a screen magnifier to test: 66 | - [Windows magnifier (7 minute video)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ibu0BY-kAX4) - [Use Magnifier to make things on the screen easier to see](https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/11542/windows-use-magnifier-to-make-things-easier-to-see) 67 | - [How to zoom in on your Mac's screen (6 minute video)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JEpwiTdc0kA&feature=youtu.be) - [Accessibility zoom feature on Mac](https://www.imore.com/how-use-zoom-mac) 68 | 69 | ### Screen readers 70 | 71 | - [Using JAWS (with Internet Explorer on Windows) to Evaluate Web Accessibility](https://webaim.org/articles/jaws/) 72 | JAWS is free to use in 40 minute demo mode. You'll need to restart your computer every 40 minutes to continue using it. 73 | - [Using NVDA (with Firefox on Windows) to Evaluate Web Accessibility](https://webaim.org/articles/nvda/) 74 | NVDA is free to use, but they accept donations to support the continued improvement of the tool. 75 | - [Accessibility Testing with the NVDA Screenreader (20 minute video)](https://youtu.be/Vx1vSd5uYS8) 76 | Key commands to get started: 77 | - Ctrl - stop speaking 78 | - Tab / Shift + Tab - move focus to interactive elements 79 | - Arrow up / down - read line by line 80 | - [Download NVDA](https://www.nvaccess.org/download/) 81 | - [Using VoiceOver (with Safari on Mac) to Evaluate Web Accessibility](https://webaim.org/articles/voiceover/) 82 | VoiceOver comes with the MacOS. You can turn it on in Settings > Accessibility. 83 | Key commands to get started: 84 | - VoiceOver modifier key (VO) = Control + Option 85 | - Ctrl - stop speaking 86 | - Tab / Shift + Tab - move focus to interactive elements 87 | - VO + right arrow - read line by line 88 | 89 | ### Speech input 90 | 91 | These videos help you to understand how Dragon Naturally Speaking works. It's the most popular tool for using a computer with your voice. If you don't want to buy Dragon, you can use [Windows Speech Recognition](https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/use-voice-recognition-in-windows-83ff75bd-63eb-0b6c-18d4-6fae94050571) or [Mac Dictation](https://support.apple.com/en-ca/HT210539) instead. 92 | 93 | - [Browsing the web (2 minute video)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ncACrtT_3ig) 94 | - [Following links in web pages (3 minute video)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f9fK-Fk6GrI) 95 | - [Emulating the mouse (3 minute video)](https://youtu.be/iOSObinq7a4) 96 | - [Internet forms (3 minute video)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bmObC7ktNmc) 97 | 98 | ### Keyboard 99 | 100 | - [Browsing with a keyboard](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=757suz8MTV8) 101 | - [Keyboard Accessibility](https://webaim.org/techniques/keyboard/) 102 | 103 | ### Writing 104 | 105 | - [Headings Map (Chrome)](https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/headingsmap/flbjommegcjonpdmenkdiocclhjacmbi?hl=en) 106 | The Headings Map extension shows all headings on a page and their level. 107 | - [Hemingway](http://www.hemingwayapp.com/) 108 | The Hemingway web app checks the reading level of your writing and makes suggestions on how to simplify the text. 109 | 110 | ### Design 111 | 112 | - [Accessibility Tools and Resources for Designers](https://www.digitala11y.com/accessibility-tools-and-resources-for-designers/) 113 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /Learn about digital accessibility.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # Learn about digital accessibility 2 | 3 | Courses and online resources to help you learn how to create accessible electronic documents, websites and apps. 4 | 5 | Accessibility barriers make it difficult or even impossible for some people to use digital content. When you create content without barriers, more people can use your documents, website or app. 6 | 7 | This work is licensed under a [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) 8 | 9 | ## Theory 10 | 11 | When learning about accessibility, it's helpful to understand: 12 | 13 | 1. [how people with disabilities use the web](https://tetralogical.com/blog/2021/12/24/browsing-with-assistive-technology-videos/), 14 | 2. [how assistive technology works](https://github.com/katekalcevich/accessible-accessibility/blob/master/Digital%20accessibility%20testing%20tools.md#manual-testing-tools), and 15 | 3. how to use specific accessibility techniques relevant to the work you do. 16 | 17 | Many accessibility courses don't follow this approach. Instead, they teach the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG), from start to finish. If you're lucky, you'll absorb about 10% of them (there are 78 guidelines in WCAG 2.1 with nine more coming in 2.2). 18 | 19 | There's nothing online that exactly mirrors this approach, but I've done my best to approximate it with the resources here and in my [testing guide](https://github.com/katekalcevich/accessible-accessibility/blob/master/Digital%20accessibility%20testing%20tools.md). 20 | 21 | ## Start here 22 | 23 | First, it helps to understand this key concept—why it's an inaccessible world that is the biggest disabler, not a person's body or mind. 24 | 25 | [Social model of disability (3 minute video)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0e24rfTZ2CQ) 26 | 27 | Next, learn a bit about how people with disabilities use the web. If you prefer a non-video option, read the [Accessibility and me](https://accessibility.blog.gov.uk/category/accessibility-and-me/) articles. 28 | 29 | - Cognitive disabilities: [How Persons with Disabilities Use the Web (video - first 22 minutes)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WveJjhwaEDI&feature=youtu.be&t=155) 30 | - Vision disabilities: [How I Use Screen Reading And Magnification (10 minute video)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QjKG4Tx9ER8) 31 | - Pain/mobility disabilities: [Dragon Speech Recognition Assistive Technology (2 minute video)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=usoTF68c6gY) 32 | 33 | If you want to specialize in accessibility as a career path, consider getting the [International Association of Accessibility Professionals Web Accessibility Specialist Certification ($530 USD)](https://www.accessibilityassociation.org/wascertification). 34 | 35 | Here are my favourite training and resources related to accessibility, grouped by job function. If you want a single learning resource as an overview of accessibility, I recommend the 4-week long [W3C Introduction to Accessibility](https://www.edx.org/course/web-accessibility-introduction) course on edX. The course landing page always says "starts today," but it actually runs continuously. 36 | 37 | ## Non-Digital 38 | If you're looking for training that isn't specific to the web or digital documents, Twitter's #UntilWeAllBelong courses are free: 39 | 40 | - [Foundations of Accessibility](https://tinteractive.twitter.com/courses/foundations-of-accessibility/#/) 41 | - [Disability Awareness](https://tinteractive.twitter.com/courses/disability-awareness/#/) 42 | - [Positive Communication](https://tinteractive.twitter.com/courses/positive-communication/#/) 43 | 44 | ## Coding 45 | 46 | There are a lot of options here—let me clarify how to use them. Start with [Designing for easy interaction](https://alistapart.com/article/designing-for-easy-interaction) if you're new to web accessibility. The quick references are handy to use after your training is complete. Technology specific guidance are references you can use to look up concepts as you're developing. 47 | 48 | The courses and webinars are your actual learning resources. 49 | 50 | ### References 51 | 52 | - [15 tips to improve web accessibility (web page)](https://codepen.io/alvaromontoro/full/xaEVJb) 53 | - [Web Development Accessibility Guidelines (web page)](https://pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca/dabp/chapter/developing-organization-accessibility-guidelines/) 54 | - [W3C Web Accessibility Tutorials – Form Concepts (website)](http://www.w3.org/WAI/tutorials/forms/) 55 | - [W3C ARIA Authoring Practices Guide (APG) (website)](https://www.w3.org/WAI/ARIA/apg/) 56 | - [WAI-ARIA Cheat Sheet (web page)](https://cheatography.com/jreiche/cheat-sheets/wai-aria-1-1/) 57 | 58 | ### Technology specific guidance 59 | 60 | - [Accessibility with **ngAria**](https://docs.angularjs.org/guide/accessibility)[ (web page)](https://docs.angularjs.org/guide/accessibility) 61 | - [React accessibility](https://legacy.reactjs.org/docs/accessibility.html) 62 | - [**WordPress**](https://make.wordpress.org/accessibility/handbook/best-practices/)[Accessibility Best Practices (website)](https://make.wordpress.org/accessibility/handbook/best-practices/) 63 | - [**Drupal 7** Accessibility (website)](https://www.drupal.org/node/394094) OR [**Drupal 8** Accessibility (website)](https://www.drupal.org/docs/8/accessibility) 64 | - [Accessibility Playbook for Emerging Technology Initiatives (website)](https://www.peatworks.org/futureofwork/playbook/) 65 | 66 | ### Free online courses 67 | 68 | The first course covers concepts of focus and semantics, the second focuses on using ARIA in interactive applications and the third helps you to understand how to write code that supports voice control technology. 69 | 70 | - [Web Accessibility by Google (2 week online course, 1-2 hours per week)](https://classroom.udacity.com/courses/ud891) OR [Learn accessibility](https://web.dev/learn/accessibility/) 71 | - [Web Accessibility for developers (online book, chapters 2-6)](https://pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca/wafd/chapter/objectives-and-activities-2/) 72 | - [Guidelines for speech-accessible HTML (PDF, 8 pages)](http://supportcontent.nuance.com/kbfiles/2626_DNS_HTML.pdf) 73 | - [Self-Paced Web Accessibility Course (1 hour per module x 11 modules)](https://bati-itao.github.io/learning/esdc-self-paced-web-accessibility-course/index.html) 74 | 75 | ## Content writing 76 | 77 | - [How Screen Readers Read Content (web page)](https://webaim.org/techniques/screenreader/#how) 78 | - [Writing Great Accessibility Labels (10 minute video)](https://developer.apple.com/videos/play/wwdc2019/254/) 79 | - [Writing Clearly and Simply (web page)](https://webaim.org/techniques/writing/) 80 | - [Writing about disability (web page)](https://spectrum.adobe.com/page/writing-about-people/#Writing-about-disability) 81 | 82 | ### References 83 | 84 | - [Write effective image descriptions (website)](https://poet.diagramcenter.org/index.html) 85 | 86 | ## Data and spreadsheet creation 87 | 88 | Data intended for machine consumption needs to be machine readable. Accessibility could interfere with machine usability. Data intended for humans to access directly should be made accessible. 89 | 90 | - [Create more accessible Excel workbooks (3 videos, each under 5 minutes)](https://support.office.com/en-us/article/video-start-with-an-accessible-excel-template-918db751-1585-41c5-9ddf-5d7a0915afaf) OR 91 | [Make your Excel documents accessible (web page)](https://support.microsoft.com/en-gb/office/make-your-excel-documents-accessible-to-people-with-disabilities-6cc05fc5-1314-48b5-8eb3-683e49b3e593?ui=en-us&rs=en-gb&ad=gb) 92 | - [Improve accessibility with the Accessibility Checker](https://support.office.com/en-us/article/improve-accessibility-with-the-accessibility-checker-a16f6de0-2f39-4a2b-8bd8-5ad801426c7f?ui=en-US&rs=en-US&ad=US) 93 | - [Choosing the right format for open data (web page)](https://www.europeandataportal.eu/elearning/en/module9/#/id/co-01) 94 | - [Do No Harm Guide: Centering Accessibility in Data Visualization](https://www.urban.org/research/publication/do-no-harm-guide-centering-accessibility-data-visualization) 95 | 96 | ## Document creation 97 | 98 | - [Make your Word documents accessible (web page)](https://support.office.com/en-gb/article/make-your-word-documents-accessible-to-people-with-disabilities-d9bf3683-87ac-47ea-b91a-78dcacb3c66d?ui=en-US&rs=en-GB&ad=GB) OR 99 | [Create accessible Word documents (5 videos)]([https://support.office.com/en-us/article/video-creating-accessible-documents-8d720231-495a-489c-a27a-eaf98f85c4f3?ui=en-US&rs=en-US&ad=US](https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/video-check-the-accessibility-of-your-document-9d660cba-1fcd-45ad-a9d1-c4f4b5eb5b7d)) 100 | - [Make your PowerPoint presentations accessible (web page)](https://support.office.com/en-gb/article/make-your-powerpoint-presentations-accessible-6f7772b2-2f33-4bd2-8ca7-dae3b2b3ef25) 101 | - [Use the accessibility checker to find accessibility issues (web page)](https://support.office.com/en-us/article/Use-the-Accessibility-Checker-to-find-accessibility-issues-a16f6de0-2f39-4a2b-8bd8-5ad801426c7f) OR 102 | [Use the Office accessibility checker (1 min video)](https://support.office.com/en-us/article/make-your-content-accessible-to-everyone-with-the-accessibility-checker-38059c2d-45ef-4830-9797-618f0e96f3ab) 103 | - [Best Practices and Guidelines for Large Print (web page)](http://www.acb.org/large-print-guidelines) 104 | - [Making Accessible Documents (30 minute video)](https://brucelawson.co.uk/2022/making-accessible-documents-the-movie/) 105 | 106 | ### PDFs 107 | 108 | - [Workflow for creating Accessible PDFs (web page)](https://helpx.adobe.com/acrobat/using/creating-accessible-pdfs.html) 109 | - [Create and verify PDF accessibility (web page)](https://helpx.adobe.com/ca/acrobat/using/create-verify-pdf-accessibility.html) 110 | - [Creating Accessible Forms with Acrobat Pro DC (web page)](https://www.adobe.com/accessibility/products/acrobat/creating-accessible-forms.html) 111 | - [Accessible PDF Training](https://mn.gov/mnit/about-mnit/accessibility/training/pdf-101.jsp) 112 | 113 | ## Graphic/visual design 114 | 115 | - [A Guide to Understanding What Makes a Typeface Accessible (web page)](https://uxdesign.cc/a-guide-to-understanding-what-makes-a-typeface-accessible-and-how-to-make-informed-decisions-9e5c0b9040a0) 116 | - [5 Keys to Accessible Web Typography (web page)](https://betterwebtype.com/articles/2019/06/16/5-keys-to-accessible-web-typography/) 117 | - [Clear print guidelines (24 page PDF)](https://cnib.ca/sites/default/files/2018-07/CNIB%20Clear%20Print%20Guide.pdf) 118 | - [AccessAbility 2: A Practical Handbook on Accessible Graphic Design (88 page PDF)](https://www.rgd.ca/database/files/library/RGD_AccessAbility2_Handbook_2019_06_01(1).pdf) 119 | - [Visual Design and Colors ($45 USD, 75 minute webinar)](https://dequeuniversity.com/curriculum/courses/visual-design) 120 | - [Contrast and Color Accessibility (web page)](https://webaim.org/articles/contrast/) 121 | 122 | ## Hiring and supporting employees with disabilities 123 | 124 | - [Hiring People with Disabilities (web page)](https://pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca/dabp/chapter/hiring-people-with-disabilities/) 125 | - [Employment standard (30 minute e-learning course with videos)](https://www.accessforward.ca/employment/intro) 126 | - [Everything you need to know about hiring people with disabilities (website)](https://discoverability.network/business/roadmap/) 127 | 128 | ## Leadership 129 | 130 | - [The business case for digital accessibility](https://www.w3.org/WAI/business-case/) 131 | 132 | If you're serious about accessibility, I can't say enough good things about [Fable Tech Labs Inc](https://www.makeitfable.com/). They've created a platform for remote usability testing with people with disabilities. This lets your team understand real barriers to accessibility and interact with real people. They also provide consulting services and accessibility workshops. Disclaimer: I joined Fable in December 2020, but I wrote this prior. 133 | 134 | ## Mobile app development 135 | 136 | - [BBC Mobile accessibility guidelines (website)](https://www.bbc.co.uk/guidelines/futuremedia/accessibility/mobile) 137 | - [Mobile web accessibility ($ price not available, ½ to full day, in person/webinar)](https://www.deque.com/training/instructor-led-training/#course-native-mobile-accessibility-0-5-day-to-2-full-days) 138 | 139 | ### iOS 140 | 141 | - [Apple developer: Accessibility (website)](https://developer.apple.com/design/human-interface-guidelines/accessibility/overview/introduction/) 142 | - [iOS VoiceOver gestures (PDF)](https://training.dotjay.com/mobile/iOS-VoiceOver-gestures.pdf) 143 | - [iOS App Development: Accessibility (2.5 hour video)](https://www.linkedin.com/learning-login/share?forceAccount=false&redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.linkedin.com%2Flearning%2Fios-app-development-accessibility%3Ftrk%3Dshare_ent_url&account=26888194) 144 | 145 | ### Android 146 | 147 | - [Android developers: Accessibility overview (website)](https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/ui/accessibility/index.html) 148 | - [Use TalkBack gestures](https://support.google.com/accessibility/android/answer/6151827?hl=en) 149 | - [Android App Development: Accessibility (3 hour video)](https://www.linkedin.com/learning-login/share?forceAccount=false&redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.linkedin.com%2Flearning%2Fandroid-app-development-accessibility%3Ftrk%3Dshare_ent_url&account=26888194) 150 | 151 | ## Presenting/running meetings 152 | 153 | - [Tips for interacting with people with disabilities (web page)](https://www.ontario.ca/page/how-train-your-staff-accessibility#section-4) 154 | - [Inclusive Design For Accessible Presentations (web page)](https://www.smashingmagazine.com/2018/11/inclusive-design-accessible-presentations/) 155 | - [Guide to Conducting Accessible Meetings (32 page PDF)](https://www.omssa.com/docs/OMSSA_Conducting_Accessible_Meetings.pdf) 156 | 157 | ## Procuring technology 158 | 159 | - [Assessing Vendor Knowledge of Accessibility (web page)](https://pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca/dabp/chapter/assessing-vendor-knowledge-of-accessibility/) 160 | - [Accessibility Questions During Product Demonstrations (web page)](https://pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca/dabp/chapter/accessibility-questions-during-product-demonstrations/) 161 | - [IT Procurement Toolkit (website)](http://universaldesign.ie/Technology-ICT/IT-Procurement-Toolkit/) 162 | 163 | ## Social media 164 | 165 | - [Planning, creating and publishing accessible social media campaigns (web page)](https://gcs.civilservice.gov.uk/guidance/digital-communication/planning-creating-and-publishing-accessible-social-media-campaigns/) 166 | 167 | ## QA Testing 168 | 169 | - [Assistive technology tools you can test with at no cost (web page)](https://accessibility.blog.gov.uk/2018/09/27/assistive-technology-tools-you-can-use-at-no-cost/) 170 | - [WCAG 2.1 Primer Checklist (web page)](https://alphagov.github.io/wcag-primer/checklist.html#checklist) 171 | - [Professional Web Accessibility Auditing Made Easy (HTML/Epub/PDF)](https://pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca/pwaa/) 172 | - [Mobile Site Testing Methodology](https://www.accessibilityoz.com/resources/mobile-testing/) 173 | 174 | ## Training 175 | 176 | - [The UDL (Universal Design for Learning) Guidelines (website)](http://udlguidelines.cast.org/) 177 | 178 | ### Captivate 179 | 180 | - [Create accessible projects in Adobe Captivate (web page)](https://helpx.adobe.com/captivate/using/creating-accessible-projects.html) 181 | 182 | ### Articulate 183 | 184 | - [Storyline 3: How to Design an Accessible Course (web page)](https://articulate.com/support/article/Storyline-3-How-to-Design-an-Accessible-Course) 185 | - [Storyline 360: How to Design an Accessible Course (web page)](https://articulate.com/support/article/Storyline-360-How-to-Design-an-Accessible-Course) 186 | 187 | ## UX design 188 | 189 | Two practical training videos on how to add accessibility to your workflow—start with the foundations. 190 | 191 | 1. [UX Foundations: Accessibility (1 hour 20 minute video)](https://www.linkedin.com/learning/ux-foundations-accessibility) 192 | 2. [Accessibility for Web Design (2 hour video)](https://www.linkedin.com/learning/accessibility-for-web-design/) 193 | 194 | Key concepts: 195 | - [Annotating designs for Accessibility (1 hour video)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y35jmpS8lQM&ab_channel=InclusiveDesign24%23id24) 196 | - [Contrast and Color Accessibility (web page)](https://webaim.org/articles/contrast/) 197 | 198 | This course is more theoretical than practical, but it gives you a lot of great context for accessible design. It's quite lengthy, so I consider it optional. 199 | 200 | [Introduction to Web Accessibility (4 week online course, 4-5 hours per week)](https://www.edx.org/course/web-accessibility-introduction) 201 | 202 | If you have the budget for paid learning, these two webinars cover more concepts than the free training videos. 203 | 204 | - [Visual Design and Colors ($45 USD, 75 minute webinar)](https://dequeuniversity.com/curriculum/courses/visual-design) 205 | - [Designing an Accessible User Experience ($45 USD, 135 minute webinar)](https://dequeuniversity.com/curriculum/courses/accessible-ux) 206 | 207 | ### References 208 | 209 | - [Web Accessibility for Designers (infographic)](https://webaim.org/resources/designers/) 210 | - [Inclusive design toolkit (website)](https://www.ontario.ca/page/inclusive-design-toolkit) 211 | 212 | ## User research 213 | One concern I hear from people who do user interviews is that they worry about offending research participants with disabilities. Microsoft has a series of seven short (1 to 2 minute) videos about [how to be more inclusive of people with disabilities](https://news.microsoft.com/stories/simplethingscount/) that can help. 214 | 215 | - [Things to consider when doing usability testing with disabled people (web page)](https://frozenrockets.nl/articles/en/user-testing-with-disabled-people) 216 | - [Running research sessions with people with disabilities (web page)](https://www.gov.uk/service-manual/user-research/running-research-sessions-with-people-with-disabilities) 217 | - [A Practical Guide to Inclusive Research (website)](https://medium.com/inclusive-research) 218 | - [Adrian Roselli: Inclusive Usability Testing (40 minute video)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GECwJOOaIq8) 219 | - [Research ethics (3 hour online course)](https://tcps2core.ca/welcome) 220 | 221 | ### Personas 222 | 223 | - [Understanding disabilities and impairments: user profiles (web page)](https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/understanding-disabilities-and-impairments-user-profiles) 224 | 225 | ### Co-design with people with disabilities 226 | 227 | - [Case study of an inclusive co-design workshop (web page)](https://medium.com/swlh/running-inclusive-research-sessions-beyond-wheelchairs-and-screen-readers-488362c7103d) 228 | - [Co-design toolkit (website)](https://www.pwdwa.org/documents/connect_with_me/co-design-toolkit/index.htm) 229 | 230 | ### Services 231 | 232 | - [Test accessibility with real people, online (paid service)](https://www.makeitfable.com/) 233 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # Accessible Accessibility 2 | Making digital accessibility easier to understand. 3 | 4 | I've created a list of [learning resources](https://github.com/katekalcevich/accessible-accessibility/blob/master/Learn%20about%20digital%20accessibility.md) and [testing tools](https://github.com/katekalcevich/accessible-accessibility/blob/master/Digital%20accessibility%20testing%20tools.md) for people new to accessibility. There are many free options. I've only in shared person training recommendations for Ontario, Canada (that's where I live). 5 | 6 | For organizations, I have a [Digital Accessibility Framework](https://github.com/katekalcevich/accessible-accessibility/blob/master/Digital%20Accessibility%20Framework.md). 7 | 8 | Suggestions, edits and changes are welcome. 9 | 10 | Please read the [theory section](https://github.com/katekalcevich/accessible-accessibility/blob/master/Learn%20about%20digital%20accessibility.md#theory) before suggesting training. I don't recommend training that focuses on the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines. Based on my experience working in the field since 2001, it's not a good starting point. 11 | 12 | ### License 13 | This work is licensed under a [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). That means you can quote it, copy it or rewrite it for either commercial or personal use and all I ask is that you provide a link back to this article. 14 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /WCAG-Principles-Applied-To-Mobile_OK.pdf: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/katekalcevich/accessible-accessibility/933d6c460653ff2fbc6c806b074c61f4bc9765ce/WCAG-Principles-Applied-To-Mobile_OK.pdf --------------------------------------------------------------------------------