├── .gitignore ├── LICENSE ├── README.md ├── pom.xml └── src └── main └── java └── org └── lambdasec └── botwall4j ├── CharRequestWrapper.java ├── CharResponseWrapper.java └── ResponseHardening.java /.gitignore: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | bin/ 2 | .classpath 3 | .settings 4 | .project 5 | target 6 | .DS_Store 7 | dependency-reduced-pom.xml 8 | *.jar 9 | *.sig 10 | *.apk 11 | .class 12 | .idea/ 13 | *.iml 14 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /LICENSE: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | Apache License 2 | Version 2.0, January 2004 3 | http://www.apache.org/licenses/ 4 | 5 | TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR USE, REPRODUCTION, AND DISTRIBUTION 6 | 7 | 1. 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We also recommend that a 185 | file or class name and description of purpose be included on the 186 | same "printed page" as the copyright notice for easier 187 | identification within third-party archives. 188 | 189 | Copyright {yyyy} {name of copyright owner} 190 | 191 | Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); 192 | you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. 193 | You may obtain a copy of the License at 194 | 195 | http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 196 | 197 | Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software 198 | distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, 199 | WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. 200 | See the License for the specific language governing permissions and 201 | limitations under the License. 202 | 203 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # Botwall4J 2 | 3 | This project implements a `ResponseHardening` servlet filter that acts as a botwall for your Java web applications. The filter transparently rewrites all `input` and `form` elements on your web pages to random values which makes them harder to scrape automatically. You do not need to modify your application. 4 | 5 | ## Instructions 6 | 7 | Make sure that the `botwall4j` jar is available on your classpath. You can then modify the `web.xml` file to include the filter as follows: 8 | 9 | ``` 10 | 11 | Botwall4J 12 | org.lambdasec.botwall4j.ResponseHardening 13 | 14 | 15 | Botwall4J 16 | /* 17 | 18 | ``` 19 | 20 | For properly functioning of your application this filter should be the first in the filter chain. You can ensure that in the `web.xml` by defining it above all other filters. 21 | 22 | ### Integrate with Spring Boot (using Java config) 23 | 24 | It is also possible to use it without the `web.xml` configuration. For example, in a Spring Boot application you can add the `botwall4j` library to your application and register the filter using the `filterRegistrationBean`: 25 | 26 | ``` 27 | @Bean 28 | public FilterRegistrationBean responseHardeningFilterRegistrationBean() { 29 | final FilterRegistrationBean filterRegBean = new FilterRegistrationBean(); 30 | filterRegBean.setFilter(new ResponseHardening()); 31 | filterRegBean.setEnabled(true); 32 | filterRegBean.setOrder(Integer.MIN_VALUE); 33 | return filterRegBean; 34 | } 35 | ``` 36 | 37 | Setting the order to `Integer.MIN_VALUE` will ensure that the filter runs first in the filter chain. 38 | 39 | ## Articles 40 | 41 | - [Protecting Spring Boot Apps with Botwall4J](https://lambdasec.github.io/Protecting-Spring-Boot-Apps-with-Botwall4J/) 42 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /pom.xml: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2 | 3 | 4.0.0 4 | org.lambdasec 5 | botwall4j 6 | 0.1-SNAPSHOT 7 | jar 8 | 9 | 10 | javax.servlet 11 | javax.servlet-api 12 | 3.0.1 13 | 14 | 15 | org.jsoup 16 | jsoup 17 | 1.8.3 18 | 19 | 20 | commons-codec 21 | commons-codec 22 | 1.9 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | UTF-8 27 | 1.8 28 | 1.8 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | org.apache.maven.plugins 35 | maven-release-plugin 36 | 2.5 37 | 38 | 39 | maven-assembly-plugin 40 | 2.4 41 | 42 | 43 | src/main/resources/assembly.xml 44 | 45 | 46 | 47 | 48 | org.apache.maven.plugins 49 | maven-compiler-plugin 50 | 2.3.2 51 | 52 | 1.7 53 | 1.7 54 | 55 | 56 | 57 | org.apache.maven.plugins 58 | maven-javadoc-plugin 59 | 2.9.1 60 | 61 | ${basedir}/src/main/resources/css/javadoc.css 62 | 63 | 64 | 65 | 66 | 67 | 68 | fatjar 69 | 70 | 71 | 72 | org.apache.maven.plugins 73 | maven-shade-plugin 74 | 2.2 75 | 76 | 77 | 78 | 79 | 80 | package 81 | 82 | shade 83 | 84 | 85 | 86 | 87 | 88 | 89 | 90 | 91 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /src/main/java/org/lambdasec/botwall4j/CharRequestWrapper.java: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2 | package org.lambdasec.botwall4j; 3 | 4 | import java.io.BufferedReader; 5 | import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream; 6 | import java.io.IOException; 7 | import java.io.InputStreamReader; 8 | import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException; 9 | import java.net.URLDecoder; 10 | import java.util.*; 11 | import java.util.logging.Level; 12 | import java.util.logging.Logger; 13 | import javax.servlet.ServletException; 14 | import javax.servlet.ServletInputStream; 15 | import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; 16 | import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequestWrapper; 17 | 18 | /** 19 | * 20 | */ 21 | public class CharRequestWrapper extends HttpServletRequestWrapper { 22 | 23 | private String newRequestBody; 24 | 25 | private BufferedReader modifiedReader; 26 | 27 | private boolean getInputStreamCalled; 28 | 29 | private boolean getReaderCalled; 30 | 31 | CharRequestWrapper(HttpServletRequest request, Map keyStore) throws ServletException { 32 | super(request); 33 | Map paramMap = request.getParameterMap(); 34 | if(paramMap == null) { 35 | StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); 36 | try { 37 | BufferedReader reader = request.getReader(); 38 | if (reader != null) { 39 | String s; 40 | while ((s = reader.readLine()) != null) { 41 | sb.append(s); 42 | //sb.append('\n'); //if you want the newline 43 | } 44 | } 45 | } catch (IOException ex) { 46 | Logger.getLogger(CharRequestWrapper.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex); 47 | } 48 | paramMap = getQueryMap(sb.toString()); 49 | } 50 | if(!paramMap.isEmpty()) { 51 | StringBuilder newSb = new StringBuilder(); 52 | for (String s : paramMap.keySet()) { 53 | for (String param: paramMap.get(s)) { 54 | if(keyStore.containsKey(s)) { 55 | String randomStr = keyStore.get(s); 56 | newSb.append(randomStr); 57 | } 58 | else { 59 | newSb.append(s); 60 | } 61 | newSb.append("=").append(param).append("&"); 62 | } 63 | } 64 | newRequestBody = newSb.toString(); 65 | } 66 | else newRequestBody = ""; 67 | } 68 | 69 | @Override 70 | public ServletInputStream getInputStream() throws IOException { 71 | if (getReaderCalled) { 72 | throw new IllegalStateException("getReader already called"); 73 | } 74 | 75 | getInputStreamCalled = true; 76 | final ByteArrayInputStream byteArrayInputStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(this.newRequestBody.getBytes()); 77 | 78 | return new ServletInputStream() { 79 | @Override 80 | public int read() throws IOException { 81 | return byteArrayInputStream.read(); 82 | } 83 | }; 84 | } 85 | 86 | @Override 87 | public BufferedReader getReader() throws IOException { 88 | if (modifiedReader != null) { 89 | return modifiedReader; 90 | } 91 | if (getInputStreamCalled) { 92 | throw new IllegalStateException("getInputStreamCalled already called"); 93 | } 94 | getReaderCalled = true; 95 | modifiedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(this.getInputStream(), this.getRequest().getCharacterEncoding())); 96 | return modifiedReader; 97 | } 98 | 99 | @Override 100 | public String getQueryString() { 101 | return this.newRequestBody; 102 | } 103 | 104 | @Override 105 | public String getParameter(String name) { 106 | Map paramMap = getQueryMap(this.newRequestBody); 107 | String value = null; 108 | if(paramMap.containsKey(name)) { 109 | value = paramMap.get(name)[0]; 110 | } 111 | return value; 112 | } 113 | 114 | @Override 115 | public Enumeration getParameterNames() { 116 | Map paramMap = getQueryMap(this.newRequestBody); 117 | return Collections.enumeration(paramMap.keySet()); 118 | } 119 | 120 | @Override 121 | public String[] getParameterValues(String name) { 122 | Map paramMap = getQueryMap(this.newRequestBody); 123 | String[] values = paramMap.get(name); 124 | return values; 125 | } 126 | 127 | @Override 128 | public Map getParameterMap() { 129 | return getQueryMap(this.newRequestBody); 130 | } 131 | 132 | private Map getQueryMap(String query) 133 | { 134 | String[] params = query.split("&"); 135 | Map map = new HashMap<>(); 136 | if(params.length > 0) { 137 | for (String param : params) { 138 | if(param.split("=").length>1) { 139 | String name = param.split("=")[0]; 140 | String value = param.split("=")[1]; 141 | try { 142 | //String namePath = this.getRequest().getServletContext().getContextPath()+s; 143 | name=URLDecoder.decode(name, "UTF-8"); 144 | value=URLDecoder.decode(value, "UTF-8"); 145 | } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException ex) { 146 | Logger.getLogger(CharRequestWrapper.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex); 147 | } 148 | if(map.containsKey(name)) { 149 | List values = Arrays.asList(map.get(name)); 150 | values.add(value); 151 | map.remove(name); 152 | map.put(name, (String []) values.toArray()); 153 | } 154 | else { 155 | String[] values = new String[1]; 156 | values[0] = value; 157 | map.put(name, values); 158 | } 159 | } 160 | } 161 | } 162 | return map; 163 | } 164 | 165 | } 166 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /src/main/java/org/lambdasec/botwall4j/CharResponseWrapper.java: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2 | package org.lambdasec.botwall4j; 3 | 4 | import java.io.CharArrayWriter; 5 | import java.io.IOException; 6 | import java.io.PrintWriter; 7 | import java.util.Locale; 8 | import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream; 9 | import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; 10 | import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponseWrapper; 11 | 12 | /** 13 | * 14 | */ 15 | class CharResponseWrapper extends HttpServletResponseWrapper { 16 | 17 | private CharArrayWriter charWriter; 18 | 19 | private PrintWriter writer; 20 | 21 | private boolean getOutputStreamCalled; 22 | 23 | private boolean getWriterCalled; 24 | 25 | CharResponseWrapper(HttpServletResponse response) { 26 | super(response); 27 | charWriter = new CharArrayWriter(); 28 | } 29 | 30 | @Override 31 | public ServletOutputStream getOutputStream() throws IOException { 32 | if (getWriterCalled) { 33 | throw new IllegalStateException("getWriter already called"); 34 | } 35 | 36 | getOutputStreamCalled = true; 37 | return super.getOutputStream(); 38 | } 39 | 40 | @Override 41 | public PrintWriter getWriter() throws IOException { 42 | if (writer != null) { 43 | return writer; 44 | } 45 | if (getOutputStreamCalled) { 46 | throw new IllegalStateException("getOutputStream already called"); 47 | } 48 | getWriterCalled = true; 49 | writer = new PrintWriter(charWriter); 50 | return writer; 51 | } 52 | 53 | @Override 54 | public void setStatus(int sc) { 55 | super.setStatus(sc); 56 | } 57 | 58 | @Override 59 | public void setLocale(Locale loc) { super.setLocale(loc); } 60 | 61 | @Override 62 | public void setCharacterEncoding(String charset) { super.setCharacterEncoding(charset); } 63 | 64 | @Override 65 | public void setContentType(String type) { super.setContentType(type); } 66 | 67 | @Override 68 | public String toString() { 69 | String s = null; 70 | 71 | if (writer != null) { 72 | s = charWriter.toString(); 73 | } 74 | return s; 75 | } 76 | 77 | } 78 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /src/main/java/org/lambdasec/botwall4j/ResponseHardening.java: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2 | package org.lambdasec.botwall4j; 3 | 4 | import java.io.IOException; 5 | import java.util.HashMap; 6 | import java.util.Map; 7 | import java.util.UUID; 8 | import java.util.logging.Level; 9 | import java.util.logging.Logger; 10 | import javax.servlet.Filter; 11 | import javax.servlet.FilterChain; 12 | import javax.servlet.FilterConfig; 13 | import javax.servlet.ServletException; 14 | import javax.servlet.ServletRequest; 15 | import javax.servlet.ServletResponse; 16 | import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; 17 | import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; 18 | import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession; 19 | import org.jsoup.Jsoup; 20 | import org.jsoup.nodes.Document; 21 | import org.jsoup.nodes.Element; 22 | import org.jsoup.select.Elements; 23 | 24 | /** 25 | * 26 | */ 27 | public class ResponseHardening implements Filter { 28 | 29 | protected FilterConfig config; 30 | 31 | @Override 32 | public void init(FilterConfig fc) throws ServletException { 33 | this.config = fc; 34 | } 35 | 36 | @Override 37 | public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain fc) 38 | throws IOException, ServletException { 39 | Map keyStore; 40 | 41 | try { 42 | if (request instanceof HttpServletRequest) { 43 | HttpSession st = ((HttpServletRequest) request).getSession(); 44 | keyStore = (Map) st.getAttribute("keyStore"); 45 | if(keyStore == null) { 46 | keyStore = new HashMap<>(); 47 | } 48 | ServletRequest newRequest = new CharRequestWrapper((HttpServletRequest) request, keyStore); 49 | ServletResponse newResponse = new CharResponseWrapper((HttpServletResponse) response); 50 | 51 | fc.doFilter(newRequest, newResponse); 52 | 53 | String html = newResponse.toString(); 54 | 55 | if (html != null) { 56 | Document doc = Jsoup.parseBodyFragment(html); 57 | randomize(doc, "input[name]", "name", keyStore, true); 58 | randomize(doc, "input[id]", "id", keyStore, false); 59 | randomize(doc, "form[id]", "id", keyStore, false); 60 | response.getWriter().write(doc.html()); 61 | } 62 | st.setAttribute("keyStore", keyStore); 63 | } 64 | } 65 | catch (ServletException se) { 66 | if(response instanceof HttpServletResponse) { 67 | String str = "\n" + 68 | "\n" + 69 | "403 Forbidden\n" + 70 | "\n" + 71 | "

Forbidden

\n" + 72 | "
\n" + 73 | "
Protected by Botwall4J
\n" + 74 | ""; 75 | response.getWriter().write(str); 76 | ((HttpServletResponse) response).setStatus(403); 77 | } 78 | else Logger.getLogger(ResponseHardening.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, se); 79 | } 80 | } 81 | 82 | @Override 83 | public void destroy() { 84 | // do clean up here 85 | } 86 | 87 | private void randomize(Document doc, String selector, String attribute, Map keyStore, 88 | boolean saveInStore) { 89 | Elements names = doc.select(selector); 90 | for (Element ele : names) { 91 | String name = ele.attr(attribute); 92 | if(keyStore.containsKey(name)) { 93 | String origName = keyStore.get(name); 94 | keyStore.remove(name); 95 | name = origName; 96 | } 97 | String s = UUID.randomUUID().toString(); 98 | ele.attr(attribute, s); 99 | if(saveInStore) keyStore.put(s, name); 100 | } 101 | } 102 | 103 | } 104 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------