├── .gitattributes ├── LICENSE ├── README.md ├── imgs ├── 个人微信&公众号.jpg └── 买房自测表.png └── notes ├── 70年后,房子还属于我吗.md ├── 一年中几月份买房最合适.md ├── 买房避免中介套路.md ├── 填写买房自测表.md ├── 如何判断房子值得购买.md ├── 如何办理产权过户.md ├── 如何办理银行贷款.md ├── 如何防止摊上烂尾楼.md ├── 定金订金诚意金认筹金.md ├── 征信报告.md ├── 看房基本常识(重点).md ├── 签订房屋买卖合同.md ├── 致命的错误买房思维.md ├── 购房名额.md └── 验房:检查房屋质量.md /.gitattributes: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | *.md linguist-detectable=true 2 | *.md linguist-documentation=false 3 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /LICENSE: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International 2 | 3 | ======================================================================= 4 | 5 | Creative Commons Corporation ("Creative Commons") is not a law firm and 6 | does not provide legal services or legal advice. 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For 424 | the avoidance of doubt, this paragraph does not form part of the 425 | public licenses. 426 | 427 | Creative Commons may be contacted at creativecommons.org. 428 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | [👉 《小马哥的代码实战课》官方知识星球来啦!!!](https://xiaomage.info/knowledge-planet/) 2 | 3 |
4 | 5 |
6 | 7 |

8 | :fire: 2021 年总结的小白买房笔记, 帮助更多需要的人少走弯路。 House, so easy. 9 |

10 |

11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | LICENSE 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 |

35 | 36 |
37 | 38 | ## :house: 买房准备事项 39 | 40 | - [填写买房自测表](https://github.com/longtai94/House-Notes/blob/main/notes/填写买房自测表.md) 41 | 42 | - [征信报告查询](https://github.com/longtai94/House-Notes/blob/main/notes/征信报告.md) 43 | 44 | - [购房名额](https://github.com/longtai94/House-Notes/blob/main/notes/购房名额.md) 45 | 46 |
47 | 48 | ## :books: 房屋基本知识 49 | 50 | - [一年中几月份买房最合适](https://github.com/longtai94/House-Notes/blob/main/notes/一年中几月份买房最合适.md) 51 | 52 | - [70 年后,房子还属于我吗](https://github.com/longtai94/House-Notes/blob/main/notes/70年后,房子还属于我吗.md) 53 | 54 | - [看房基本常识(重点)](https://github.com/longtai94/House-Notes/blob/main/notes/看房基本常识(重点).md) 55 | 56 | - [买房避免中介套路](https://github.com/longtai94/House-Notes/blob/main/notes/买房避免中介套路.md) 57 | 58 | - [如何判断房子值得购买](https://github.com/longtai94/House-Notes/blob/main/notes/如何判断房子值得购买.md) 59 | 60 | - [致命的错误买房思维](https://github.com/longtai94/House-Notes/blob/main/notes/致命的错误买房思维.md) 61 | 62 | - [如何防止摊上烂尾楼](https://github.com/longtai94/House-Notes/blob/main/notes/如何防止摊上烂尾楼.md) 63 | 64 |
65 | 66 | ## :moneybag: 买房付钱环节 67 | 68 | - [定金订金诚意金认筹金](https://github.com/longtai94/House-Notes/blob/main/notes/定金订金诚意金认筹金.md) 69 | 70 | - [签订房屋买卖合同(TODO)](https://github.com/longtai94/House-Notes/blob/main/notes/签订房屋买卖合同.md) 71 | 72 | - [如何办理银行贷款(TODO)](https://github.com/longtai94/House-Notes/blob/main/notes/如何办理银行贷款.md) 73 | 74 |
75 | 76 | ## :key: 买房之后要做的事 77 | 78 | - [如何办理产权过户(TODO)](https://github.com/longtai94/House-Notes/blob/main/notes/如何办理产权过户.md) 79 | 80 | - [验房:检查房屋质量(TODO)](https://github.com/longtai94/House-Notes/blob/main/notes/验房:检查房屋质量.md) 81 | 82 | - [未完待续...(TODO)]() 83 | 84 |
85 | 86 | ## :muscle: 巨人的肩膀 87 | 88 | - [买房参考资料汇总](https://house.machen.me/can-kao/can-kao-zi-liao-hui-zong) 89 | 90 |
91 | 92 | ## :heart: 公众号:龙台的技术笔记 93 | 94 | 作者花名龙台,CSDN 博客专家,掘金年度人气作者,开源社区爱好者。公众号分享 **高并发、中间件、分布式、框架底层源码** 等知识,干货满满! 95 | 96 | 图片如果无法正常加载,可访问 [在线地址](https://house.machen.me/can-kao/ji-shu-gong-zhong-hao-qiu-guan-zhu) 添加作者微信好友,一起学习进阶. 97 | 98 | ![](https://images-machen.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/11571625972933_.pic_hd_1.jpeg) 99 | 100 | 持续更新... 101 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /imgs/个人微信&公众号.jpg: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/magestacks/house-note/503f5833643d5b78ba73f91e8012301f2f2249ec/imgs/个人微信&公众号.jpg -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /imgs/买房自测表.png: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/magestacks/house-note/503f5833643d5b78ba73f91e8012301f2f2249ec/imgs/买房自测表.png -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /notes/70年后,房子还属于我吗.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | ## 前言 2 | 3 | 房屋产权根据土地性质不同,有 70 年、50 年、40 年产权的土地,一般普通住宅用产权是 70 年产权的,那么 70 年产权从什么时候开始算呢 4 | 5 | 首先,我们要先知道 70 年产权出自什么政策以及什么时候实施的 6 | 7 | > 出自:**《中华人民共和国城镇国有土地使用权出让和转让暂行条例》** 8 | 9 | 一九九0年五月十九日中华人民共和国国务院令第五十五号发布自发布之日起施行 10 | 11 |
12 | 13 | 内容来自第二章 - 第十二条:土地使用权出让最高年限按下列用途确定 14 | 15 | **(一)居住用地七十年** 16 | 17 | (二)工业用地五十年 18 | 19 | (三)教育、科技、文化、卫生、体育用地五十年 20 | 21 | (四)商业、旅游、娱乐用地五十年 22 | 23 | (五)综合或者其它用地五十年 24 | 25 |
26 | 27 | ## 产权何时计算 28 | 土地 70 年产权从开发商取得土地的使用权之日起开始计算,也就是从开发商和政府签订土地使用权出让合同那天开始算 29 | 30 | 这里小伙伴容易有个误区,那就是认为 70 年产权是从自己买房子开始算的 31 | 32 | 其实不是,一般商品住宅从开发到销售的周期一般在 1 - 3 年,房产产权的实际时间也就随着开发商开发住宅时间的长短而缩短。如果土地使用权的出让日期与开发商出售房产的日期有较长的时间间隔,比如一些烂尾楼改造项目,购买者必然面临明显的“房产产权期限缩水” 33 | 34 | **假如住宅用地的使用期限是 70 年,但按房产证上的日期推算,买的房子一般只有 65 年使用期,整整少了 5 年**!而买房时付的总价并没有因此打折,少 5 年不就等于多付钱了么? 35 | 36 | 遗憾的是,这种简单的估算方式没有得到房屋产权管理登记部门、房地产开发商、法律和经济学界人士的赞同 37 | 38 | 这里有一点要说明,土地使用权和房屋所有权的区别 39 | 40 | **房屋所有权(即房产权)是永久的**,没有期限限制,只要房产没有完全毁损灭失(住宅楼设计寿命一般为 50 年)就能一直享有,房产证里是没有期限登记表的 41 | 42 | **土地使用权是有期限的**,一般来说为 40 年、50 年、70 年(也就是我们常说的大产权住宅房) 43 | 44 | 再进一步说,房子的所有权是永久的,只要房子不塌方,房子就归产权人所有。但是土地是属于国家的,根据土地使用周期的不用,如果土地使用者未申请续期,土地使用权和地上房产由国家无偿收回。房屋所有权也就自然消失了 45 | 46 |
47 | 48 | ## 产权到期了怎么办 49 | 50 | 目前新的物权法已经生效。该法明确了公私财产的平等受保护权。我国规定住宅用地的最高年限 70 年,商业用地 40 年(有特殊 50 年限),综合用地50年。现已明确,届满可自动续期,续费按当时的 1% - 10% 来征收(即土地使用权出让金)。但对如何续期并没有说明,这个问题是物权法制定之后预留的问题 51 | 52 | 购房者只需要在届满期前一年申请续费即可,通常都是需要向管理部门申请,通过审批之后交纳一定的费用续期。而且根据《城市房地产管理法》第二十二条和《物权法》第一百四十九条相关规定,补的费用不会超过 5 位数 53 | 54 | 还有一种情况,土地使用者提出续签申请,根据法律规定没有批准续期(即根据社会公共利益需要回收的),土地使用权国家无偿收回,但对于地上房产,根据收回时的残余价值给予相应补偿 55 | 56 |
57 | 58 | ### 产权到期后处理方案 59 | 方案一:允许延长土地使用权期限。可以由房屋业主联名提出,补交土地出让金,这个价格应该低于同类的土地出让金的价格,类似于成本价和市场价的差额 60 | 61 | 方案二:土地有其它规划。根据规划需要,国家收回土地和地上建筑物的,对业主进行相关补偿,用类似拆迁安置的方法解决 62 | 虽然住宅产权期满后可自动续期。但再次申请土地使用需要补缴多少土地出让金,应该以什么样的标准补缴,拥有房屋产权的业主是否愿意缴,能否缴得起,一旦有房屋业主不愿意缴纳,土地上的房屋该怎么处理?这一系列的问题暂时还没有明确的政策能够回答 63 | 64 | ### 相关法律法规 65 | 66 | 《物权法》第一百四十九条 67 | 68 | **住宅建设用地使用权期间届满,自动续期** 69 | 70 | 非住宅建设用地使用权期间届满后的续期,依照法律规定办理。该土地上的房屋及其他不动产的归属,有约定的,按照约定;没有约定或者约定不明确的。依照法律、行政法规的规定办理 71 | 72 | 《城市房地产管理法》第二十二条 73 | 74 | 土地使用权出让合同约定的使用年限届满,土地使用者需要继续使用土地的,应当至迟于届满前一年申请续期,除根据社会公共利益需要收回该幅土地的,应当予以批准。经批准准予续期的,应当重新签订土地使用权出让合同,依照规定支付土地使用权出让金 75 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /notes/一年中几月份买房最合适.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | ## 楼盘旺季 2 | 3 | 首先楼市的旺季有两个:第一是春节过后的那一两个月,即三月和四月 4 | 5 | 理由有四: 6 | 7 | 1. 处于很多人去买房、抢房的旺季,为了留住客户开发商的手段也会更加的灵活,这时候的议价空间就会比较大 8 | 9 | 2. 贷款会有一定优势。在一般情况下,银行的放款额度在春节后都比较宽裕,不仅批准贷款的难度没那么大,而且放款速度会更快 10 | 11 | 3. 旺季的时候楼盘数量比较多,选择性也比较多,如果你在这个盘没有相中,就看下一个 12 | 13 | 4. 春秋两季的楼盘涨价比较轻 14 | 15 | 其二是楼市的金九银十,即九月和十月。这两个时间段是买房的较好时机​ 16 | 17 |
18 | 19 | ## 楼盘淡季 20 | 21 | 说了旺季,其实楼市的淡季也有两个:其一是年中淡季五月和六月;其二是楼市的传统淡季年末,即十一月和十二月。这两个时间段是买房的较差的时机 22 | 23 | 理由如下:年末买房的不是开发商就是中介(**各地行情不同,不能一概而论**),年末需要冲业绩。可能就会在前一段时间进行一波较大的涨价,然后就有了所谓的折扣,然后年中和年底促销大优惠,大降价 24 | 25 | 最后一月、二月、七月、八月房价都处于平稳期,不会有太大的涨幅或者跌幅,这时候适合货比三家 26 | 27 | 由于春节一般在2月,受春节假期以及低温天气影响,**2月份无论房价还是成交量都是较为低迷。所以这个月份买房应该是最合适的** 28 | 29 |
30 | 31 | ## 总结 32 | 33 | 如果刚需,判断市场行情没有腰斩的情况,那么就需要果断出手。不然如果一直在观望,可能会等来这几个结果:**等一个攒不完的首付、等到优惠利率全无、等到地价上涨** -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /notes/买房避免中介套路.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 低于市场价的特价房源,99 % 都是假房源。市场价需要买房者评估,就算不是假房源,后面的一系列操作能把你秀哭 2 | 3 | 以下举例,仅代表部分中介,并没有全部涵盖,还是有靠谱的中介的 4 | 5 |
6 | 7 | ## 这房能买么 8 | 9 | 场景一:再差的房子都是好房子,中介往往夸大优点回避缺点 10 | 11 | 场景二:好不容易看上的房子,价格贵了至少 10% 12 | 13 | 应对方案: 14 | 15 | 亲 100 只青蛙找一个青蛙王子,也就是说要看总够多的房子 16 | 17 | 筛选出合格的中介、找个互相看对眼的中介,能帮大忙 18 | 19 |
20 | 21 | ## 真的这么多人抢吗 22 | 23 | 场景一:初级逼单,明天就要下定金。如果不明白定金,翻下文档有详细介绍 24 | 25 | 场景二:高级逼单,【三假一真】假中介假买家假价格,真房东 26 | 27 | 应对方案: 28 | 29 | 不忘初心,坚持一开始的买房计划,清晰到小区、户型 30 | 31 |
32 | 33 | ## 这个便宜能不能占 34 | 35 | 场景一:心仪的房子,远低于市场价 36 | 37 | 场景二:零首付、零佣金购房 38 | 39 | 场景三:五年返租,朋友圈大力宣传的 40 | 41 | 应对方案: 42 | 43 | 放弃宣传带这类信息的一手房,事物都是有两面性的 44 | 45 | 二手房:找中介做产权调研,不同时间去小区跟保安、保洁、邻居们聊聊,打听房子的消息 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /notes/填写买房自测表.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 总结出一个买房自测表格,因为人大脑中一时的想法往往会疏漏很多信息,落实到书面上会避去很多问题 2 | 3 |
4 | 5 | 通过表格可以很好的总结出买房首付多少,月供和家庭支出是否有冲突,如实填报即可 6 | 7 |
8 | 9 | 结合自身情况填写,参考 36 氪 -> [买房自测表](https://www.yuque.com/docs/share/f736f2e2-77c8-4baa-bbe9-2a3b0a8efc3b) 10 | 11 |
12 | 13 | ![](../imgs/买房自测表.png) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /notes/如何判断房子值得购买.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | ## 学区 2 | 3 | 教育资源,优质的幼儿园及小学以及良好的上学氛围和条件 4 | 5 | 学区价值比地铁价值突出,但存在政策风险 6 | 7 |
8 | 9 | ## 地铁 10 | 11 | 地铁房于非地铁房的差值,一般在 5 ~ 20% 之间 12 | 13 | 房价大潮来临,地铁房价一定优于非地铁房上涨;每次回调,地铁房也表现出相应的抗跌性 14 | 15 | 能级越高的城市,地铁房价值越高,能级越低的城市,地铁房价值也越不明显 16 | 17 | 地铁价值优于商业价值 18 | 19 |
20 | 21 | ## 商业 22 | 23 | 万达、万象城、恒隆等大型商城,对周边房价的带动作用会很明显 24 | 25 | 大型商业可以聚集人流,人流聚集反过来推助商圈的形成。商圈又会创造更多的就业岗位。就业的人多了,又会提升房价的上涨潜力 26 | 27 | 能级越低的城市,稀缺的大型商业将会成为地方价值端,甚至超越地铁等交通价值 28 | 29 |
30 | 31 | ## 开发商 32 | 33 | 开发商对房子的价值影响是致命的。房屋质量、未来物业的运营,后者决定小区的生命周期 34 | 35 | 一二线城市,开发商品牌力相差无几,房价最主要集中在地段和房子的品质上 36 | 37 | 三四线城市,品牌开发商较少,好的开发商反而成为一种独立的稀缺资源 38 | 39 | ### 物业公司 40 | 41 | 尽量选择品牌物业,虽然多交了一些物业费,但是绝对物有所值 42 | 43 | 遇到不负责的物业,一定要主动要求甚至联名更换,不要感觉一时不好不等于一直不好 44 | 45 | 具体判断事项如下:房屋的维修和修缮管理、绿化管理、卫生管理、治安管理、车辆交通管理、公用市政设施管理、违章建筑的管理、多种生活服务 46 | 47 | **最后,一定要了解小区业主群体属性,素质高点准没错;比买房子更重要的是买邻居** 48 | 49 |
50 | 51 | ## 不建议购买房屋 52 | 53 | ### 旅游度假房 54 | 55 | 旅游度假房优势:高租金回报、高增值回报 56 | 57 | 劣势也比较明显:位于偏远地区、季节性非常明显以及几乎没有愿意买下来的对手盘 58 | 59 | ### 公寓房 60 | 61 | 持有成本太高。新房公寓 3% 契税;二手公寓过户税费贵,包括个税、增值税、土地增值税、城市维护建设及教育附加费、印花税 62 | 63 | 增值潜力一般,流动性太差,政策限制:50% 首付 + 最高 10 年商贷 64 | 65 | ### 法拍房 66 | 67 | 什么是法拍房?因为债务纠纷,法院强制收回拍卖的房子 68 | 69 | 法拍房自身的一些问题,比如:产权、抵押、实际居住、物业等。其次法拍房的增值税和差额税费也是比较高,贷款和户口等其它问题 70 | 71 | **对于普通人来说,中小城市、别墅、回迁房、高低配楼盘、混居房等等均不建议购买** -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /notes/如何办理产权过户.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/magestacks/house-note/503f5833643d5b78ba73f91e8012301f2f2249ec/notes/如何办理产权过户.md -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /notes/如何办理银行贷款.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/magestacks/house-note/503f5833643d5b78ba73f91e8012301f2f2249ec/notes/如何办理银行贷款.md -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /notes/如何防止摊上烂尾楼.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | ## 初阶知识 2 | 3 | 五证是否齐全 4 | 5 | 1. 《建设用地规划许可证》 6 | 2. 《建设工程规划许可证》 7 | 3. 《建筑工程施工许可证》 8 | 4. 《国有土地使用证》 9 | 5. 《商品房现售(预售)许可证》 10 | 11 | 在售楼栋出地面几层,工人是否正常施工 12 | 13 | 签署的是购房协议,而不是认购协议 14 | 15 | 钱要走对公账号,开票 16 | 17 | **在这个过程中,一切一定要正规,不要不好意思,该看的要看要拍照,收费要有证据** 18 | 19 |
20 | 21 | ## 进阶知识 22 | 23 | 置业顾问聊聊工资、奖金是否正常 24 | 25 | 开发商合作单位付款是否正常 26 | 27 | 法律纠纷是否比较多 28 | 29 | 最近交房纠纷是否比较多 30 | 31 | 是否进行了高额融资 32 | 33 | 高层是否变动频繁 34 | 35 | 房企是否进行了很多非相关投资,比如文旅以及长租公寓等 36 | 37 |
38 | 39 | ## 总结 40 | 41 | 选择开发商很重要,尤其是买期房这一块。到目前为止,基本没有国企开发商烂尾的情况 42 | 43 | 民营开发商,大一点的风险其实还可以,类似于绿地、万科、恒大、华润这种 44 | 45 | 可以重点关注那些一期二期已经开盘的,并且很好卖的楼盘,开发商回笼资金快,不缺钱,三四期烂尾的风险相对就会小很多 46 | 47 | 不买期房就啥事没有了,也不用担心烂尾 🙃️ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /notes/定金订金诚意金认筹金.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | **除去定金,其它皆可无条件退还** 2 | 3 |
4 | 5 | ## 定金 6 | 7 | 定金是在合同订立或在履行之前支付的一定数额的金钱作为担保的担保方式,又称保证金 8 | 9 | 《担保法》第八十九条当事人可以约定一方向对方给付定金作为债权的担保 10 | 11 | 债务人履行债务后,定金应当抵作价款或者收回。给付定金的一方不履行约定的债务的,无权要求返还定金;收受定金的一方不履行约定的债务的,应当双倍返还定金 12 | 13 | 14 |
15 | 16 | ## 订金 17 | 18 | 在购房者与发展商就房屋买卖的意向初步达成协议后,准备进一步协商签订的临时认购协议 19 | 20 | 通常的做法是在约定所选房号、面积、房屋单价及总价款后,约定一个期限,买方需在此期限内与卖方签署正式合同。买方支付订金即取得了在此期限内的优先购买权。一般情况下,视作预付款 21 | 22 | 预付款不具有担保债的履行的作用,也不能证明合同的成立。预付款在合同正常履行的情况下,成为价款的一部分,在合同没有得到履行的情况下,不管是给付一方当事人违约,还是接受方违约,预付款都要原数返回 23 | 24 | 25 |
26 | 27 | ## 诚意金 28 | 29 | 即意向金,这在中介与买房和卖房双方签定的合同中多有体现,其实法律上并没有诚意金之说 30 | 31 | 中介与买卖双方之所以签定什么诚意金条款,主要是由于我们交易市场的诚实信用体系还不健全 32 | 33 | 交易主体为了各自的利益往往会违背诚实信用的原则,从而损害一方的利益 34 | 35 | 36 |
37 | 38 | ## 认筹金 39 | “认筹”就是购房者表现出买房的诚意,这个诚意需要通过缴纳“认筹金”来体现。在缴纳“认筹金”后,购房者可以获得房屋的优先购买权,并在房价上享受一定程度的优惠。等到楼盘正式开盘销售时,“认筹”的购房者再以“优先选择”的顺序选房,选中房屋后与开发商签订正式的房屋买卖合同 40 | 41 | 如果购房者没有选中理想的房屋,开发商将把“认筹金”如数退还给购房者。但是“认筹金”的实质作用是开发商在开盘前得到的大笔资金并在短时期内收回大笔资金,解决开发商的燃眉之急 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /notes/征信报告.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | ## 个人征信报告 2 | 3 | 征信是专业化的、独立的第三方机构为个人或企业建立信用档案,依法采集、客观记录其信用信息,并依法对外提供信用信息服务的一种活动,它为专业化的授信机构提供了一个信用信息共享的平台 4 | 5 | 个人征信主要是收集个人信用信息、生产个人信用产品的机构。人行征信是指中国人民银行征信中心(以下简称征信中心)是建立信用档案,并为各商业银行提供个人信用信息的专门机构 6 | 7 |
8 | 9 | ## 征信类型 10 | 11 | 个人信用报告分为白户、黑户、正常户和 “花” 征信。其中: 12 | 13 | 白户又分为普通白户和纯白户,正常户又分为信用记录良好和有违约记录两种情况。花征信是指近期查询记录太多 14 | 15 | 1、纯白户 16 | 17 | 是指没有任何信用记录的信用报告,从来都没有办理过贷款、信用卡、担保、特约商户认定等等,也没有查询过信用报告,打印出来只有姓名和身份证号码。纯白户不是银行喜欢的信用报告,信用评级或打分卡得分很低,因为报告使用者从纯白户报告中得不到任何有价值的信息 18 | 19 | 2、普通白户 20 | 21 | 没有信贷记录,但是有过查询记录。题主的信用报告属于普通的白户,这样的征信银行也不喜欢,对报告使用者来说,没啥价值。建议题主适当使用一些信贷产品,如信用卡。但是不建议在非必须时申请贷款或过多的信用卡,不建议随意为他人提供担保,不建议频繁查询信用报告 22 | 23 | 3、信用良好的正常户 24 | 25 | 有过贷款、信用卡、担保等记录,但是所有信贷记录均按时按额履约,没有任何逾期、代偿记录,没有频繁查询记录。信用卡使用额度占授信额度比例较低(比如,最近六个月平均使用额度占授信额度比例不高于60%)。有使用信用卡最低还款额的记录也是信用记录良好的报告 26 | 27 | 4、有违约记录的正常信用报告 28 | 29 | 问题来了,什么是违约时间较短,什么是违约金额较小,就像厨师制定菜谱的盐少许、味精少许、白糖适量,这真是个坑人的手段。信贷审查也是一样,除了系统审批会有一定的精确规则之外,人工审批时,每个人都有自己的规则,根据他的风险偏好、行业经验自行判断,但是,无论他怎么自由发挥,都有一个大致的规律,就是掌握风险基本可控 30 | 31 | 5、黑户 32 | 33 | 违约次数较多,违约金额较大,违约时间较长(如连续逾期超过九十天),这类客户基本上都会被银行拒之门外,建议报告对象抓紧时间结清逾期贷款,五年后,违约记录将不再显示 34 | 35 | 6、花征信 36 | 37 | 近期查询次数太多,会让银行认为报告对象非常缺钱,资金链紧张,对这样的申请人放贷,按期收回的不确定性太大,所以,征信花了是贷款被拒绝的重要原因之一。近期被有被拒绝的记录,往往就是下次被拒绝的原因。至于近期查询多少次才算花了,跟各家银行的风险偏好有关,各家银行差距较大 38 | 39 |
40 | 41 | ## 查询征信的方式 42 | 43 | 目前比较常见有三种查询渠道 44 | 45 | 1. 银行自助打印机或者银行柜员查询详细版征信 46 | 2. 手机端查询简版征信 47 | 3. 电脑端查询简版征信 48 | 49 | 1、银行自助打印机查询 50 | 51 | 不同的城市流程可能稍微有些不同,但是大体上流程没有多大的变化。需要带上身份证去当地中国人民银行征信中心,或其授权的银行自助打印机打印 52 | 53 | 2、手机端查询简版征信 54 | 55 | 据了解,目前支持手机APP查询央行个人征信报告的有招商银行、中国银行、建设银行、中信银行、工商银行等银行 56 | 以招商银行举例。招商银行是首家支持APP查央行征信的银行,目前只有北上广深四个地方可查询,用户可下载招行APP专业版-城市服务-个人征信报告,根据提示进行操作,完成人脸认证、上传身份证正反面照片等,提交查询申请,24小时内会收到短信通知 57 | 58 | 3、电脑端查询简版征信 59 | 60 | 详情参考:[电脑端征信查询步骤](https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1552342821256743&wfr=spider&for=pc) 61 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /notes/看房基本常识(重点).md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | ## 现房和期房 2 | 3 | 现房就是建好的房子,可以很快领到房产证,可以直接过户入住 4 | 5 | 期房就是还未领到房产证的房子又或者是还在建的房子,需要一段时间才能领证入住 6 | 7 | ### 现房优劣势 8 | 9 | 现房优势:工程已经竣工验收合格,投资风险降低。而且买家可以直接看到实景,实地品评房屋的结构、质量、环境、配套、物管等 10 | 11 | 房屋价格基本稳定,不会再有大的变化,购房时只需与周围地区、同类型房屋价格相比便可。家庭计划便于安排,付完房款即可入住 12 | 13 | 现房劣势:价格较高,而且对于品质较好楼盘,楼层、房型较好的房屋往往被先到者买走,选择范围缩小 14 | 15 | ### 期房优劣势 16 | 17 | 期房优势:价格优势,期房在开发之初卖出去,开发商为了募集资金的一个渠道。因此房产开发商都在价格上有较大的空间。而且期房选择范围较广,性价比较好的期房存在较大升值空间 18 | 19 | 期房劣势:未确定因素较多,投资风险较大,开发商在建设过程中设计、资金等原因导致的工程停顿,都会给购房者带来损失,同时市场行情与价格涨跌难以预测 20 | 21 | 而且由于与开发商的信息及专业知识的不对等,仅凭开发商的广告、资料宣传来判断、预测楼盘状况,存在房屋规范、质量与预售许诺不符的风险 22 | 23 |
24 | 25 | ## 二手房 26 | 27 | 二手房是已经在房地产交易中心备过案、完成初始登记和总登记的、再次上市进行交易的房产。它是相对开发商手里的商品房而言,是房地产产权交易三级市场的俗称 28 | 29 | 包括商品房、允许上市交易的二手公房(房改房)、解困房、拆迁房、自建房、经济适用房、限价房 30 | 31 |
32 | 33 | ## 五通一平 34 | 35 | 五通一平就是建筑中为了合理有序施工进行的前期准备工作,一般包括:通水、通电、通路、通讯、通排水、平整土地 36 | 37 | 新房在交房时,至少要做到五通一平,买房的时候,这一点一定要留意 38 | 39 |
40 | 41 | ## 容积率 42 | 43 | 容积率指的是一个小区的地上总建筑面积与净用地面积的比率,又称为建筑面积毛密度 44 | 45 | 对于开发商而言,容积率决定地价成本在房屋中占的比例 46 | 47 | 而对于用户来说,容积率直接涉及到居住的舒适度 48 | 49 | 一个良好的居住小区,高层住宅容积率应该不超过 5,多层住宅不应超过 3,绿地率不应低于 30% 50 | 51 | 容积率越低,居民的舒适度越高,反之则舒适度越低 52 | 53 | 这里简单总结个容积率对应关系:高端 1 ~ 2、改善 2 ~ 3、小康 3 ~ 4、刚需 4 ~ 5、活着 5+ 54 | 55 |
56 | 57 | ## 楼层净高 58 | 59 | 住宅的楼层净高,指楼面或地面至上部楼板底面之间的最小垂直距离 60 | 61 | 可以理解为:下层地板面或楼板上表面到上层楼板下表面之间的距离,楼层净高和层高的关系可以用以下公式表示: 62 | 63 | 净高 = 层高 - 楼板厚度,即层高和楼板厚度的差叫净高 64 | 65 | ### 楼层净高规范 66 | 67 | 国家住宅与居住环境工程中心主编的《健康住宅建设技术要点》指出,居室净高不应低于 2.5 米 68 | 69 | 建设部主编的《住宅建筑模数协调标准》中,规定了层高优先尺寸系列宜为 2.0 ~ 3.0 米 70 | 71 | 《住宅设计规范》规定:普通住宅层高宜为 2.80 米。卧室、起居室(厅)的室内净高不应低于 2.10 米,局部净高不应低于 2.10 米,利用坡屋顶内空间做卧室、起居室(厅)时,其 1/2 面积的室内净高不应低于 2.10 米 72 | 73 | 另外,建设部《关于房屋建筑面积计算与房屋权属登记有关问题的通知》规定计算建筑面积的房屋,层高(高度)均应在 2.20 米以上(含 2.20 米) 74 | 75 | ### 与舒适度关系 76 | 77 | 一般认为,房屋层高越高,室内高低处温度的温差越大,空气对流越好,人体感觉越舒适,但房屋的保温性、节能性相对较差 78 | 79 | ### 楼层雷区 80 | 81 | 一般购房者在于开发商签订《商品房买卖合同》时应对房屋层高或净高做出约定,如合同约定“层高”,指的就是图纸上的结构标高(指结构设计图中的所标注的标高),是 “净高+楼板厚度”。这一点上应该格外重视,避免后续验房时产生纠纷 82 | 83 | 如果有关部门确认房屋层高不足,购房者如何要求赔偿呢?如《商品房买卖合同》有规定的,按合同规定处理;合同没有规定的,购房者可与开发商协商解决;协商不成,可采取法律途径解决,根据实际情况或要求退房,或要求开发商承担违约责任 84 | 85 |
86 | 87 | ## 公摊面积 88 | 89 | 房屋公摊面积就是所购房屋整栋楼的公共部分需要由大家分摊的面积,这部分面积具体包括:电梯井、楼梯间、垃圾道、变电室、管道井、公共门厅、过道、地下室、值班警卫室等,以及为整栋服务公共用房和管理用房的建筑面积。公摊面积对居民住宅的舒适度也是有一定影响的 90 | 91 | 房屋的公摊面积和业主们居住的实际面积是成正比的,房屋公摊面积越小,住房的实际面积则越大。如果公共场合的空间比较窄小的话,也不是太好,会对室外的活动有一定影响。所以房屋公摊面积不宜过多也不宜过少 92 | 93 | 公摊面积计算公式: 94 | 95 | - 套内建筑面积 = 套内使用面积 + 墙体面积 + 阳台面积 96 | - 公摊系数 = 总公共分摊面积 /(套内建筑面积 * 总套数) 97 | - 公摊面积 = 公摊系数 * 套内建筑面积 98 | 99 | ### 公摊面积多少合适 100 | 101 | 小高层的公摊面积 102 | 103 | 小高层一般表示为 7 - 11 层的建筑,小高层的公摊情况取决于各楼盘自身的情况,如果没有地下设备用房、一层没有商铺且架空的情况下,小高层的公摊系数大约在 10 % - 15 % 之间,如果有带电梯的小高层住宅,则公摊系数应该在 15 % - 20 % 之间 104 | 105 | 高层建筑的公摊面积 106 | 107 | 高层建筑的房子一般在三十几层或者更高,高层建筑的公摊系数一般在 14 % - 24 %,因为高楼层的建筑除的电梯和电梯前室所占用的空间比较多,同时安全通道的楼梯也会占用比较多空间,当然也有其他的设备,这所有的加在一起就会占用很多的空间。所以高楼层建筑,一般楼层越高公摊面积就越大 108 | 109 | 别墅类住房的公摊面积 110 | 111 | 别墅类的公摊面积是比较低的,一般为 1%-8%,如果是独立别墅则没有公摊面积,联体别墅有较少的公摊面积。别墅类公用面积一般为于本楼内,比如走廊等,以及与本楼建筑结构存有连接的部分,并且需是向本楼居住者提供非营利性服务的面积部分,否则不得计入公摊面积 112 | 113 | ### 公摊面积风险 114 | 115 | 新启用的《商品房买卖合同》中由附件标明了“公共部分与公用房屋分摊建筑面积构成说明”,但只列了部分应分摊的部分及其构成,具体说句仍不确定,所以仍然存在着开发商让业主多摊的可能性。这里总结几招供购房者参考 116 | 117 | 第一招:索取公摊数据 118 | 119 | 在签订购房合同时,让发展商出示有关计算公摊面积的数据,包括整幢建筑的建筑面积、套内建筑面积之和、不应分摊的建筑面积等基本数据,也可以要求发展商列明公摊公用建筑面积的具体项目以及各项目的面积,这样业主可以通过数据求出公摊面积,以明确自身的权益 120 | 121 | 第二招:查阅有关资料 122 | 123 | 业主们有权自查或者聘请律师向设计单位、规划单位、测绘部门等机构查阅所购房产的相关文件,比如最终设计图纸或者最终设计方案、最终面积测量报告、各种数据的计算方式及其文件等等 124 | 125 | 第三招:在购房合同中约定公摊面积 126 | 127 | 《商品房买卖合同》第三条和附录二中有关公共部位和公用房屋分摊建筑面积的条款,购房人应当在合同中约定公摊面积的数字,并在附件二"有关公共部分与公用房屋公摊建筑面积构成说明"中,详细约定公摊的具体部位、面积大小。特别是有关共有建筑分摊部位变更的情况,约定得越详细,对购房者就越有利。一旦发生纠纷,购房者就可以以合同约定来保障自己的利益 128 | 129 | 万一真的发生了纠纷,唯一的选择就是诉之法律,避免浪费不必要的人力和精力。当然,我们期望的是,随着法律的不断健全,政府监督力度的不断加强,发展商诚信意识的不断增强,普通购房者的权益能得到更好的保障 130 | 131 | **具体情况具体分析,根据实际情况做出理智判断** 132 | 133 |
134 | 135 | ## 室内格局 136 | 137 | 整个室内格局力求方方正正,避免有三角形(尖角形)等不规则形状出现,也应避免室内中央有柱穿过。因为会影响家具布置,造成的浪费面积多 138 | 139 | 主卧室应有良好的隔音和充足的光线尽量避免与邻栋建筑的门窗相对,以免破坏机密性,给生活带来不便 140 | 141 | 厨房与卫生间应选择明卫与明厨,因为自然通风与采光对厨房与卫生间的洁净干燥效果是最佳的 142 | 143 | 浴厕应考虑自然通风与采光,位置应处于隐秘处 144 | 145 | > 此网址较为详细,值得参考:https://www.zhihu.com/question/304514583/answer/1408241725 146 | 147 |
148 | 149 | ## 户型结构 150 | 151 | ### 室外景观 152 | 153 | 在购房时,住宅的面积、居室数、朝向、内部布局都是应该考虑的重要因素 154 | 155 | 但挑选住房时有一个新的趋势,即客户选房时对居室朝向有逐渐淡化的倾向,而对室外景观的重视程度正日渐加强 156 | 157 | 如果室外景观优美,即使传统上认为较差的朝北户型也会受到认可 158 | 159 | ### 先厅后卧,顺序选择 160 | 161 | 在购房时考虑居室各部分的优先顺序是: 162 | 163 | 1. 第一看起居室(厅)是否好用,包括厅的面积、布局等。起居室(厅)指的是提供居住者会客、娱乐、团建等活动的空间,国内一般称呼为客厅 164 | 2. 第二是主卧室的合理性,如面积、采光条件、居室私密性 165 | 3. 第三是相对独立的餐厅的功能 166 | 4. 第四考虑的是厨房的环境,一个宽敞好用的厨房,往往比次卧室更为客户所看重 167 | 5. 第五才是次卧室(书房、客房);最后考虑阳台 168 | 169 | ### 朝向 170 | 171 | 在中国,挑选住宅商品房的客厅,以朝南为最佳 172 | 173 | 其它朝向的优劣顺序大致为东南、东、西南、北、西。其次,消费者应挑卧室的朝向 174 | 175 | 一套房内,卧室一般有二三间,其朝向也不会完全一致。而且在大多数情况下是有好有差 176 | 177 | ### 楼层 178 | 179 | 低层建筑一般为一至二层。多层建筑一般为三至七层。高屋建筑一般为八至三十层。超高层建筑一般为三十层以上 180 | 181 | 在挑选底层时一定要看各排水管道、系统是否经过特殊处理;如果底层四周下水道管处理不当、化粪池处理不当,往往会造成臭气熏天、蚊虫苍蝇滋生 182 | 183 | 底层也最容易接受地面环境的影响,如果地面植物繁茂、景色优美,底层的住户当然是“近水楼台先得月” 184 | 185 |
186 | 187 | ## 车位比 188 | 189 | 对应停车位占建筑面积的比例,法律上并没有明确的数字规定,只规定了首先要满足业主的需要 190 | 191 | 按照惯例,小区车位配比(楼盘入住总户数与总车位的比例)要达到 1 : 1 以上,才能在一段时间内有效保证“停车不难” 192 | 193 | 但事实是,越是高端的项目,车位配比也就越高,因为售房的利润能够填补车位的造价;相反,一些定位不高的项目,车位配比则较低,很多刚需项目的车位配比只有 1 : 0.6 至 1 : 0.8,即每户只配备了不足一个车位 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /notes/签订房屋买卖合同.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/magestacks/house-note/503f5833643d5b78ba73f91e8012301f2f2249ec/notes/签订房屋买卖合同.md -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /notes/致命的错误买房思维.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | ## 对房地产中介嗤之以鼻 2 | 3 | 天天和房子打交道的中介才是对房价最敏感的,中介对政策、贷款利率、房价走势等的了解,都能给你提供买房的判断证据 4 | 5 | 在房屋买卖上,中介是比较倾向于买家的。一个好的中介朋友无疑是帮砍价的好手 6 | 7 | 如果想要提高买好房源的几率,原则上一定要在此地区有 2 ~ 3 名很好的中介朋友 8 | 9 | 如何与中介建立互助关系?将心比心,一顿烧烤即可 10 | 11 |
12 | 13 | ## 热衷逛售楼处,并对二手房门店避而远之 14 | 15 | 房屋交易,重买更重在卖 16 | 17 | 如果看到一段时间二手房中介门店门可罗雀,那么此阶段最好别买房,因为供应需求是相会的 18 | 19 | 新房售楼处猫腻多,知道造势或者请群众演员 20 | 21 | 地段好、物业优质的此新房才是首选 22 | 23 |
24 | 25 | ## 在大城市买不起房,小城市贷款一套过渡 26 | 27 | 小城市的房价增速永远也赶不上大城市房价的增速 28 | 29 | 如果小城市买了一套房,那么从限购政策上来说,会丧失首套首贷的资格 30 | 31 | 一定要珍惜第一笔贷款资格 32 | 33 |
34 | 35 | ## 想买房,但是要攒够了首付才买 36 | 37 | 一定要充分利用自身所能带来的杠杆能力,比如: 38 | 39 | 1. 自己手里一次性能拿出多少钱 40 | 2. 家里人能援助多少钱 41 | 3. 另一半的家庭能支援多少的钱(单身狗请跳过) 42 | 4. 对亲朋好友能借到多少钱 43 | 44 | 只要你的工作稳定,还贷能力还 OK,就不要害怕借钱,也不要认为不好意思 45 | 46 | 5 -10 年后,你的压力会减轻,房子带来的价值会弥补你前期的劳累 47 | 48 |
49 | 50 | ## 读大学不重要,还不如家里有三套房 51 | 52 | 真实感受,对于普通家庭来说,好的大学是实现家族振兴,跨越阶级鸿沟的唯一途径。当然,中彩票也是 53 | 54 | 优质的大学生,是各大城市争相竞争的稀缺资源,城市对于优质人才一直保持非常友好的人才引进政策,包括买房、户口、创业等补助 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /notes/购房名额.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 购房名额就是买房需要有购房名额,有购房名额才能到开发商那里卖房子。限购政策由地方政府规定,各地有很大差别,所在地是否影响限购,请咨询当地房管局 2 | 3 |
4 | 5 | 房管局在本地就打本地114查询,跨区就加所在地区号加 114 查询 6 | 7 |
8 | 9 | 房管局是国家的一级行政机构,负责管理房屋产权的确定和发放房屋产权的证明 10 | 11 |
12 | 13 | 对于房产纠纷没有义务进行调解或做出行政处罚,他只是根据登记的房产证确认房屋产权的归属,办理房屋的过户、交易的手续,对涉及房屋所有权的民事纠纷,他只是能根据法院的要求提供真实的房产资料,并不参与有关房屋的邻里纠纷 14 | 15 |
16 | 17 | 房产证的真伪的确定可以由房管局来确定,但他不能是处理纠纷的裁决人 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /notes/验房:检查房屋质量.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/magestacks/house-note/503f5833643d5b78ba73f91e8012301f2f2249ec/notes/验房:检查房屋质量.md --------------------------------------------------------------------------------