├── README.md ├── Makefile ├── ssh-agency.el └── COPYING /README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | SSH Agency 2 | ----------- 3 | 4 | This package provides functions to startup `ssh-agent`, prompt for 5 | passphrases from the Windows console, and set the needed environment 6 | variables in Emacs, so that pushes and pulls from magit will not 7 | require entering any passphrase. 8 | 9 | It can also be useful on Unix-like platforms to delay having to enter 10 | your passphrase until the first time you push to a remote. 11 | 12 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /Makefile: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | -include .config.mk 2 | 3 | PKG = ssh-agency 4 | 5 | ELS = $(PKG).el 6 | ELCS = $(ELS:.el=.elc) 7 | 8 | DEPS = 9 | 10 | EMACS ?= emacs 11 | EMACS_ARGS ?= 12 | 13 | LOAD_PATH ?= $(addprefix -L ../,$(DEPS)) 14 | LOAD_PATH += -L . 15 | 16 | all: lisp 17 | 18 | help: 19 | $(info make all -- Build lisp) 20 | $(info make lisp -- Build lisp) 21 | $(info make redo -- Build lisp from scratch) 22 | $(info make clean -- Remove built files) 23 | @printf "\n" 24 | 25 | redo: clean lisp 26 | 27 | lisp: $(ELCS) autoloads check-declare 28 | 29 | autoloads: $(PKG)-autoloads.el 30 | 31 | %.elc: %.el 32 | @printf "Compiling $<\n" 33 | @$(EMACS) -Q --batch $(EMACS_ARGS) $(LOAD_PATH) -f batch-byte-compile $< 34 | 35 | check-declare: 36 | @printf " Checking function declarations\n" 37 | @$(EMACS) -Q --batch $(EMACS_ARGS) $(LOAD_PATH) \ 38 | --eval "(check-declare-directory default-directory)" 39 | 40 | CLEAN = $(ELCS) $(PKG)-autoloads.el 41 | 42 | clean: 43 | @printf " Cleaning...\n" 44 | @rm -rf $(CLEAN) 45 | 46 | $(PKG)-autoloads.el: $(ELS) 47 | @printf " Creating $@\n" 48 | @$(EMACS) -Q --batch -l autoload --eval "\ 49 | (let* ((file (expand-file-name \"$@\"))\ 50 | (generated-autoload-file file)\ 51 | (coding-system-for-write 'utf-8-emacs-unix)\ 52 | (backup-inhibited t)\ 53 | (version-control 'never)\ 54 | (inhibit-message t))\ 55 | (write-region (autoload-rubric file \"package\" t) nil file)\ 56 | (update-directory-autoloads default-directory))" \ 57 | 2>&1 | sed "/^Package autoload is deprecated$$/d" 58 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /ssh-agency.el: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | ;;; ssh-agency.el --- manage ssh-agent from Emacs -*- lexical-binding: t -*- 2 | 3 | ;; Copyright (C) 2015-2025 The Magit Project Contributors 4 | 5 | ;; Author: Noam Postavsky 6 | ;; Maintainer: Noam Postavsky 7 | ;; Homepage: https://github.com/magit/ssh-agency 8 | 9 | ;; Package-Requires: ((emacs "26.1")) 10 | ;; Version: 0.4.1 11 | 12 | ;; This file is not part of GNU Emacs. 13 | 14 | ;; This file is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify 15 | ;; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by 16 | ;; the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option) 17 | ;; any later version. 18 | 19 | ;; This file is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 20 | ;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 21 | ;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 22 | ;; GNU General Public License for more details. 23 | 24 | ;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License 25 | ;; along with this file. If not, see . 26 | 27 | ;;; Commentary: 28 | 29 | ;; This package provides functions to startup ssh-agent, prompt for 30 | ;; passphrases from the Windows console, and set the needed 31 | ;; environment variables in Emacs, so that pushes and pulls from magit 32 | ;; will not require entering any passphrase. 33 | ;; 34 | ;; It can also be useful on Unix-like platforms to delay having to 35 | ;; enter your passphrase until the first time you push to a remote. 36 | 37 | ;;; Code: 38 | 39 | (eval-when-compile (require 'cl-lib)) 40 | (eval-when-compile (require 'subr-x)) 41 | 42 | ;;; Options 43 | 44 | (defgroup ssh-agency () 45 | "Managing ssh-agent from Emacs." 46 | :group 'comm) 47 | 48 | (defcustom ssh-agency-bin-dir 49 | (and-let* ((_(eq system-type 'windows-nt)) 50 | ;; Git for Windows 1.x keeps ssh exes in its bin/ directory. 51 | (git-exe (executable-find "git.exe")) 52 | (git-dir (directory-file-name (file-name-directory git-exe)))) 53 | (if (equal (file-name-nondirectory git-dir) "cmd") 54 | (expand-file-name "bin" (file-name-directory git-dir)) 55 | git-dir)) 56 | "Where to look for ssh executables." 57 | :group 'ssh-agency 58 | :type 'directory) 59 | 60 | (defun ssh-agency-executable-find (exe) 61 | "Computes default value for `ssh-agency-EXE-executable'." 62 | (or (and-let* 63 | ((exe (ignore-errors 64 | ;; This will fail on Windows Git 1.x because it lacks 65 | ;; `cygpath'. For that version we search manually anyway. 66 | (car (process-lines 67 | "git" "-c" "alias.x=!x() { which \"$1\" | cygpath -mf -; }; x" 68 | "x" exe))))) 69 | ;; Note: filename *must* include ".exe" suffix (if any) or 70 | ;; `w32-short-file-name' returns nil. 71 | (or (executable-find exe) exe)) 72 | (and-let* ((_ ssh-agency-bin-dir) 73 | (bin (expand-file-name exe ssh-agency-bin-dir)) 74 | (_(file-executable-p bin))) 75 | bin) 76 | (executable-find exe))) 77 | 78 | (defcustom ssh-agency-add-executable 79 | (ssh-agency-executable-find "ssh-add") 80 | "Location of ssh-add executable." 81 | :group 'ssh-agency 82 | :type '(file :must-match t)) 83 | 84 | (defcustom ssh-agency-agent-executable 85 | (ssh-agency-executable-find "ssh-agent") 86 | "Location of ssh-agent execuable." 87 | :group 'ssh-agency 88 | :type '(file :must-match t)) 89 | 90 | (defcustom ssh-agency-agent-exe-names 91 | (if (eq system-type 'windows-nt) 92 | '("ssh-agent.exe") 93 | ;; gnome-keyring-daemon implements ssh-agent functionality. 94 | '("ssh-agent" "gnome-keyring-d")) 95 | "List of possible agent names." 96 | :group 'ssh-agency 97 | :type '(repeat string)) 98 | 99 | (defcustom ssh-agency-askpass 100 | (and-let* ((_(eq system-type 'windows-nt)) 101 | (exe (ssh-agency-executable-find "git-gui--askpass")) 102 | (path (ignore-errors 103 | (car (process-lines 104 | "git" "-c" "alias.x=!echo \"$PATH\"" "x"))))) 105 | ;; Windows won't have DISPLAY, but we need to fake it for 106 | ;; SSH_ASKPASS to be called. 107 | (list "DISPLAY=t" (concat "SSH_ASKPASS=" exe) 108 | (concat "PATH=" path))) 109 | "If non-nil, let ssh-askpass query for the passphrase. 110 | If the value is a list, it should be in the same format as 111 | `process-environment', and specifies what environment variables 112 | to bind while running `ssh-add' (typically specifying a value for 113 | SSH_ASKPASS). 114 | 115 | If nil, read the passphrase from Emacs (note, this requires using 116 | a pty, and so will not work on `windows-nt' systems)." 117 | :group 'ssh-agency 118 | :type '(choice (const :tag "read passphrase from Emacs" nil) 119 | (const :tag "read passphrase with ssh-askpass" t) 120 | (repeat string))) 121 | 122 | (defcustom ssh-agency-gui-askpass-executable nil 123 | "Use `ssh-agency-askpass' instead." 124 | :group 'ssh-agency 125 | :type '(choice (file :must-match t) (const nil)) 126 | :set (lambda (sym value) 127 | (when (stringp value) 128 | (setq-default ssh-agency-askpass 129 | (list (concat "SSH_ASKPASS=" value)))) 130 | (set-default sym value))) 131 | (make-obsolete-variable 'ssh-agency-gui-askpass-executable 132 | 'ssh-agency-askpass "0.4") 133 | 134 | (defcustom ssh-agency-env-file 135 | (expand-file-name "~/.ssh/agent.env") 136 | "When starting a new agent, write its environment variables to this file. 137 | 138 | This is only for the benefit of shells outside of Emacs, 139 | ssh-agency always finds the agent without consulting this file." 140 | :group 'ssh-agency 141 | :type 'file) 142 | 143 | ;; This function must be defined before `ssh-agency-keys', because it 144 | ;; is used to define the default value. 145 | (defun ssh-agency-private-key-p (keyfile) 146 | "Return non-nil if KEYFILE designates a private key." 147 | (with-temp-buffer 148 | (insert-file-contents-literally keyfile) 149 | (goto-char 1) 150 | (looking-at-p "\\`.*BEGIN.*PRIVATE KEY.*$"))) 151 | 152 | (defcustom ssh-agency-keys 153 | (seq-filter (lambda (file) 154 | (and (string-match-p "/[^.]+$" file) 155 | (ssh-agency-private-key-p file))) 156 | (file-expand-wildcards (expand-file-name "~/.ssh/id*"))) 157 | "A list of key files to be added to the agent. 158 | 159 | If nil, use `ssh-add' default, which is \"~/.ssh/id_rsa\", 160 | \"~/.ssh/id_dsa\", \"~/.ssh/id_ecdsa\", \"~/.ssh/id_ed25519\" and 161 | \"~/.ssh/identity\"." 162 | :group 'ssh-agency 163 | :type '(choice (repeat (file :must-match t)) 164 | (const :tag "ssh-add's default" nil))) 165 | 166 | (defconst ssh-agency-socket-regexp 167 | ;; Try to match 168 | ;; - /tmp/ssh-XXXXX/agent.NNN (ssh-agent default) 169 | ;; - /run/user/[uid]/keyring/ssh (gnome-keyring-daemon 1) 170 | ;; - ~/.cache/keyring-XXXXX/ssh (gnome-keyring-daemon 2) 171 | ;; But don't match 172 | ;; - /run/user/[uid]/gnupg/S.gpg-agent.ssh 173 | "/\\(?:agent[.][0-9]+\\|ssh\\)\\'") 174 | 175 | (defcustom ssh-agency-socket-locaters 176 | `(;; OpenSSH's Systemd unit: ssh-agent.service 177 | ,@(let ((dir (getenv "XDG_RUNTIME_DIR"))) 178 | (and dir 179 | `((ssh-agency-find-socket-from-glob 180 | ,(concat dir "/" "ssh-agent.socket"))))) 181 | ,@(and (executable-find "ss") 182 | `((ssh-agency-find-socket-from-ss 183 | :glob "*ssh*" :regexp ,ssh-agency-socket-regexp))) 184 | ;; Windows has a netstat command, but it won't help us. 185 | ,@(and (not (eq system-type 'windows-nt)) 186 | (executable-find "netstat") 187 | `((ssh-agency-find-socket-from-netstat 188 | :regexp ,ssh-agency-socket-regexp))) 189 | ;; Look in ssh-agent's default location. 190 | (ssh-agency-find-socket-from-glob 191 | ,(concat temporary-file-directory "ssh-*/agent.*"))) 192 | "List of (FUN . ARGS) to search for ssh-agent sockets." 193 | :group 'ssh-agency 194 | :type '(alist :key-type function)) 195 | 196 | ;;; Functions 197 | 198 | (defun ssh-agency-socket-status (socket) 199 | "Return `ssh-agency-status' of agent corresponding to SOCKET." 200 | (when (eq system-type 'windows-nt) 201 | ;; Follow the lead of msysgit's start-ssh-agent.cmd: 202 | ;; replace %TEMP% with "/tmp". 203 | (setq socket (replace-regexp-in-string 204 | (concat "\\`" (regexp-quote temporary-file-directory)) 205 | "/tmp/" socket))) 206 | (let ((process-environment (cons (concat "SSH_AUTH_SOCK=" socket) 207 | process-environment))) 208 | (ssh-agency-status))) 209 | 210 | (cl-defun ssh-agency-find-socket-from-ss (&key glob regexp) 211 | "Use `ss' to find an ssh-agent socket matching GLOB and/or REGEXP." 212 | (catch 'socket 213 | ;; The "--no-header" flag isn't used in order to support older ss versions. 214 | (dolist (sock-line (cdr (with-demoted-errors "ssh-agency-find-socket: %S" 215 | (apply #'process-lines 216 | "ss" "--listening" "--family=unix" 217 | (if glob (list "src" glob)))))) 218 | (let* ((socket (nth 4 (split-string sock-line))) 219 | (status (and (or (null regexp) (string-match-p regexp socket)) 220 | (ssh-agency-socket-status socket)))) 221 | (when status 222 | (throw 'socket (cons status socket))))))) 223 | 224 | (cl-defun ssh-agency-find-socket-from-netstat (&key regexp) 225 | "Use `netstat' to find an ssh-agent socket REGEXP." 226 | (catch 'socket 227 | (dolist (sock-line (with-demoted-errors 228 | "ssh-agency-find-socket-from-netstat: %S" 229 | (process-lines "netstat" "-f" "unix"))) 230 | (let* ((socket (car (last (split-string sock-line)))) 231 | (status (and (or (null regexp) (string-match-p regexp socket)) 232 | (ssh-agency-socket-status socket)))) 233 | (when status 234 | (throw 'socket (cons status socket))))))) 235 | 236 | (cl-defun ssh-agency-find-socket-from-glob (glob) 237 | "Find an ssh-agent socket matching GLOB." 238 | (catch 'socket 239 | (dolist (socket (file-expand-wildcards glob t)) 240 | (let ((status (ssh-agency-socket-status socket))) 241 | (when status 242 | (throw 'socket (cons status socket))))))) 243 | 244 | (defun ssh-agency-askpass-filter (proc string) 245 | (condition-case () 246 | (with-current-buffer (process-buffer proc) 247 | (goto-char (point-max)) 248 | (insert string) ; Record all output. 249 | (when (string-match-p "^.*: *\\'" string) 250 | (let ((pwd (read-passwd string))) 251 | (send-string proc pwd) 252 | (clear-string pwd) 253 | (send-string proc "\n")))) 254 | (quit (kill-process proc) 255 | (process-put proc :user-quit t)))) 256 | 257 | (defun ssh-agency-add-keys (keys) 258 | "Add keys to ssh-agent." 259 | (setq keys (mapcar #'expand-file-name keys)) 260 | (let ((ssh-add (if (fboundp 'w32-short-file-name) 261 | ;; Using short filename to avoid Emacs bug#8541. 262 | (w32-short-file-name ssh-agency-add-executable) 263 | ssh-agency-add-executable))) 264 | (with-temp-buffer ; Catch any process output in a temp buffer. 265 | (let ((exit-status 266 | (cond 267 | (ssh-agency-askpass 268 | (let ((process-environment (append (and (listp ssh-agency-askpass) 269 | ssh-agency-askpass) 270 | process-environment))) 271 | (apply #'call-process ssh-add nil '(t t) nil keys))) 272 | ((eq system-type 'windows-nt) 273 | (call-process-shell-command 274 | ;; Git 1.x: Passphrase can only be entered in console, so use 275 | ;; cmd.exe's `start' to get one. 276 | (concat "start \"ssh-add\" /WAIT " ssh-add " " 277 | (mapconcat #'shell-quote-argument keys " ")) 278 | ;; We probably can't get any output in this case, but 279 | ;; it doesn't hurt to try. 280 | nil '(t t))) 281 | (t (let* ((process-connection-type t) ; pty needed for filter. 282 | (proc (apply #'start-process "ssh-add" (current-buffer) 283 | ssh-add keys))) 284 | (setf (process-filter proc) #'ssh-agency-askpass-filter) 285 | (while (eq (process-status proc) 'run) 286 | (accept-process-output proc)) 287 | (if (process-get proc :user-quit) 288 | 0 ;; Quitting is not an error. 289 | (process-exit-status proc))))))) 290 | (unless (eq 0 exit-status) 291 | (lwarn '(ssh-agency ssh-add) :error 292 | "`%s' failed with status %d: %s" 293 | ssh-add exit-status (buffer-string))))))) 294 | 295 | (defun ssh-agency-start-agent () 296 | "Start ssh-agent, and set corresponding environment vars. 297 | 298 | Return the `ssh-agency-status' of the new agent, i.e. `no-keys'." 299 | (with-temp-buffer 300 | (call-process ssh-agency-agent-executable nil '(t t)) 301 | (goto-char 1) 302 | (while (re-search-forward "^\\(SSH_[^=]+\\)=\\([^;]+\\)" nil t) 303 | (setenv (match-string 1) (match-string 2))) 304 | (when ssh-agency-agent-executable 305 | (write-file ssh-agency-env-file))) 306 | 'no-keys) 307 | 308 | (defun ssh-agency-find-agent () 309 | "Find a running agent. 310 | 311 | If an agent is found, set the corresponding environment vars. 312 | Return `ssh-agency-status' of the agent." 313 | (and-let* ((pid (seq-find (lambda (process) 314 | (let-alist (process-attributes process) 315 | (and (member .comm ssh-agency-agent-exe-names) 316 | (string= .user user-login-name)))) 317 | (list-system-processes)))) 318 | (seq-find (pcase-lambda (`(,fun . ,args)) 319 | (pcase-let ((`(,status . ,socket) (apply fun args))) 320 | (and socket 321 | (progn 322 | (setenv "SSH_AGENT_PID" (number-to-string pid)) 323 | (setenv "SSH_AUTH_SOCK" socket) 324 | status)))) 325 | ssh-agency-socket-locaters))) 326 | 327 | (defun ssh-agency-status () 328 | "Check the status of the ssh-agent. 329 | 330 | Return t if agent has keys, nil if no agent found, 331 | or `no-keys' if agent is running but has no keys." 332 | (pcase (call-process ssh-agency-add-executable nil nil nil "-l") 333 | (0 t) 334 | (1 'no-keys) 335 | (_ nil))) 336 | 337 | ;;;###autoload 338 | (defun ssh-agency-ensure () 339 | "Start ssh-agent and add keys, as needed. 340 | 341 | Intended to be added to `magit-credential-hook'." 342 | (when (eq (or (ssh-agency-status) 343 | (ssh-agency-find-agent) 344 | (ssh-agency-start-agent)) 345 | 'no-keys) 346 | (ssh-agency-add-keys ssh-agency-keys))) 347 | 348 | ;;; Hooking into magit 349 | 350 | ;;;###autoload 351 | (add-hook 'magit-credential-hook 'ssh-agency-ensure) 352 | 353 | (provide 'ssh-agency) 354 | 355 | ;; Local Variables: 356 | ;; indent-tabs-mode: nil 357 | ;; End: 358 | ;;; ssh-agency.el ends here 359 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /COPYING: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2 | GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE 3 | Version 3, 29 June 2007 4 | 5 | Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 6 | Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies 7 | of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. 8 | 9 | Preamble 10 | 11 | The GNU General Public License is a free, copyleft license for 12 | software and other kinds of works. 13 | 14 | The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed 15 | to take away your freedom to share and change the works. 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No Surrender of Others' Freedom. 542 | 543 | If conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or 544 | otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not 545 | excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot convey a 546 | covered work so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this 547 | License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you may 548 | not convey it at all. For example, if you agree to terms that obligate you 549 | to collect a royalty for further conveying from those to whom you convey 550 | the Program, the only way you could satisfy both those terms and this 551 | License would be to refrain entirely from conveying the Program. 552 | 553 | 13. Use with the GNU Affero General Public License. 554 | 555 | Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, you have 556 | permission to link or combine any covered work with a work licensed 557 | under version 3 of the GNU Affero General Public License into a single 558 | combined work, and to convey the resulting work. The terms of this 559 | License will continue to apply to the part which is the covered work, 560 | but the special requirements of the GNU Affero General Public License, 561 | section 13, concerning interaction through a network will apply to the 562 | combination as such. 563 | 564 | 14. Revised Versions of this License. 565 | 566 | The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of 567 | the GNU General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will 568 | be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to 569 | address new problems or concerns. 570 | 571 | Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the 572 | Program specifies that a certain numbered version of the GNU General 573 | Public License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the 574 | option of following the terms and conditions either of that numbered 575 | version or of any later version published by the Free Software 576 | Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of the 577 | GNU General Public License, you may choose any version ever published 578 | by the Free Software Foundation. 579 | 580 | If the Program specifies that a proxy can decide which future 581 | versions of the GNU General Public License can be used, that proxy's 582 | public statement of acceptance of a version permanently authorizes you 583 | to choose that version for the Program. 584 | 585 | Later license versions may give you additional or different 586 | permissions. However, no additional obligations are imposed on any 587 | author or copyright holder as a result of your choosing to follow a 588 | later version. 589 | 590 | 15. Disclaimer of Warranty. 591 | 592 | THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY 593 | APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT 594 | HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY 595 | OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, 596 | THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR 597 | PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM 598 | IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF 599 | ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION. 600 | 601 | 16. Limitation of Liability. 602 | 603 | IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING 604 | WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES AND/OR CONVEYS 605 | THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY 606 | GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE 607 | USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF 608 | DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD 609 | PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), 610 | EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 611 | SUCH DAMAGES. 612 | 613 | 17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16. 614 | 615 | If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided 616 | above cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms, 617 | reviewing courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates 618 | an absolute waiver of all civil liability in connection with the 619 | Program, unless a warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a 620 | copy of the Program in return for a fee. 621 | 622 | END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS 623 | 624 | How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs 625 | 626 | If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest 627 | possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it 628 | free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms. 629 | 630 | To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest 631 | to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively 632 | state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least 633 | the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found. 634 | 635 | 636 | Copyright (C) 637 | 638 | This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify 639 | it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by 640 | the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or 641 | (at your option) any later version. 642 | 643 | This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 644 | but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 645 | MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 646 | GNU General Public License for more details. 647 | 648 | You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License 649 | along with this program. If not, see . 650 | 651 | Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail. 652 | 653 | If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short 654 | notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode: 655 | 656 | Copyright (C) 657 | This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'. 658 | This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it 659 | under certain conditions; type `show c' for details. 660 | 661 | The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate 662 | parts of the General Public License. Of course, your program's commands 663 | might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an "about box". 664 | 665 | You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school, 666 | if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary. 667 | For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see 668 | . 669 | 670 | The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program 671 | into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you 672 | may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with 673 | the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General 674 | Public License instead of this License. But first, please read 675 | . 676 | 677 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------