├── .gitignore ├── Dockerfile ├── LICENSE ├── config └── system_preferences.json ├── docker-compose.yaml ├── documentation ├── architecture.md ├── blockchain-digest.md └── open-api │ └── qbc.yaml ├── lib ├── __init__.py ├── chain.py ├── encode.py ├── hash.py ├── network.py ├── proof.py ├── qbc_utils.py ├── quant.py └── transactions.py ├── misc └── logo.png ├── modules ├── __init__.py ├── chain │ ├── __init__.py │ └── controllers.py ├── mining │ ├── __init__.py │ └── controllers.py ├── network │ ├── __init__.py │ └── controllers.py └── transactions │ ├── __init__.py │ └── controllers.py ├── readme.md ├── requirements.txt ├── run.py ├── storage ├── .gitkeep ├── nodes.json └── transactions.json └── test ├── __init__.py └── test_storage ├── node1 └── nodes.json ├── node2 └── nodes.json └── node3 └── nodes.json /.gitignore: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | bcenv/ 2 | */**/*.pyc 3 | .vscode/ 4 | */**/*.bc -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /Dockerfile: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | FROM python:2 2 | 3 | WORKDIR /usr/src/app 4 | 5 | COPY requirements.txt ./ 6 | RUN pip install --no-cache-dir -r requirements.txt 7 | 8 | COPY . . -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /LICENSE: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE 2 | Version 3, 29 June 2007 3 | 4 | Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 5 | Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies 6 | of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. 7 | 8 | Preamble 9 | 10 | The GNU General Public License is a free, copyleft license for 11 | software and other kinds of works. 12 | 13 | The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed 14 | to take away your freedom to share and change the works. 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Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16. 613 | 614 | If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided 615 | above cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms, 616 | reviewing courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates 617 | an absolute waiver of all civil liability in connection with the 618 | Program, unless a warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a 619 | copy of the Program in return for a fee. 620 | 621 | END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS 622 | 623 | How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs 624 | 625 | If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest 626 | possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it 627 | free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms. 628 | 629 | To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest 630 | to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively 631 | state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least 632 | the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found. 633 | 634 | 635 | Copyright (C) 636 | 637 | This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify 638 | it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by 639 | the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or 640 | (at your option) any later version. 641 | 642 | This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 643 | but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 644 | MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 645 | GNU General Public License for more details. 646 | 647 | You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License 648 | along with this program. If not, see . 649 | 650 | Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail. 651 | 652 | If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short 653 | notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode: 654 | 655 | Copyright (C) 656 | This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'. 657 | This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it 658 | under certain conditions; type `show c' for details. 659 | 660 | The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate 661 | parts of the General Public License. Of course, your program's commands 662 | might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an "about box". 663 | 664 | You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school, 665 | if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary. 666 | For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see 667 | . 668 | 669 | The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program 670 | into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you 671 | may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with 672 | the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General 673 | Public License instead of this License. But first, please read 674 | . 675 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /config/system_preferences.json: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | { 2 | "genesis_nodes": ["http://localhost:5000"] 3 | } -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /docker-compose.yaml: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | version: '2.1' 2 | services: 3 | node1: 4 | build: . 5 | ports: 6 | - "5000:5000" 7 | command: [ "python", "./run.py" ] 8 | volumes: 9 | - .:/usr/src/app 10 | - ./test/test_storage/node1:/usr/src/app/storage 11 | - ./test/test_storage/logs1:/tmp/logs 12 | networks: 13 | app_net: 14 | ipv4_address: 172.16.238.10 15 | healthcheck: 16 | test: ["CMD", "curl", "-f", "http://172.16.238.10:5000/stats"] 17 | interval: 30s 18 | timeout: 10s 19 | retries: 5 20 | node2: 21 | build: . 22 | ports: 23 | - "3000:3000" 24 | command: [ "python", "./run.py", "3000" ] 25 | volumes: 26 | - .:/usr/src/app 27 | - ./test/test_storage/node2:/usr/src/app/storage 28 | - ./test/test_storage/logs2:/tmp/logs 29 | depends_on: 30 | node1: 31 | condition: service_healthy 32 | networks: 33 | app_net: 34 | ipv4_address: 172.16.238.11 35 | node3: 36 | build: . 37 | ports: 38 | - "4000:4000" 39 | command: [ "python", "./run.py", "4000" ] 40 | volumes: 41 | - .:/usr/src/app 42 | - ./test/test_storage/node3:/usr/src/app/storage 43 | - ./test/test_storage/logs3:/tmp/logs 44 | depends_on: 45 | node1: 46 | condition: service_healthy 47 | networks: 48 | app_net: 49 | ipv4_address: 172.16.238.12 50 | 51 | networks: 52 | app_net: 53 | driver: bridge 54 | ipam: 55 | driver: default 56 | config: 57 | - subnet: 172.16.238.0/24 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /documentation/architecture.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # Architecture diagrams WIP -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /documentation/blockchain-digest.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # Blockchain digest - Last updated Feb 2018 2 | 3 | Altho I am building this list to promote thinking about general purpose block chain development, you can not avoid taking a look of only established use of blockchain - database behind crypto currencies and tokens. So, this digest will always contain overview of cryptocurrencies and related events and tech - it is important to got through these for understanding and learning purposes. 4 | 5 | ## Basics 6 | 7 | * [Goldman Sachs blockchain basics](http://www.goldmansachs.com/our-thinking/pages/blockchain/) 8 | * [Original paper by Satoshi Nakamoto (true identity still unknown):](https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf) 9 | * [Chris Dixon’s (VC) great overview, Ethereum and ERC20’s origin](https://medium.com/@cdixon/crypto-tokens-a-breakthrough-in-open-network-design-e600975be2ef) 10 | * [2014 blog by Naval Ravinkant, which predicted ICOs and related stuff:](https://startupboy.com/2014/03/09/the-bitcoin-model-for-crowdfunding/) 11 | * [Follow-up to the above, which is probably the best summary of what are the potentials, with a bunch of high-quality links:](https://medium.com/@balajis/thoughts-on-tokens-436109aabcbe) 12 | * [Place which lists upcoming ICOs:](https://www.icoalert.com/) 13 | * [Bitcoin for laypeople](https://gist.github.com/mafintosh/bd9e6d350ebf02441c9707c5f799d05b#file-bitcoin-for-laypeople-md) 14 | 15 | ## Details 16 | 17 | * [Byzantine what? Here is little more detail on how to fight challenges and embrace adventages decentralization brings:](https://medium.com/@chrshmmmr/consensus-in-blockchain-systems-in-short-691fc7d1fefe) 18 | * [Consensus in blockchain system in short](https://medium.com/@chrshmmmr/consensus-in-blockchain-systems-in-short-691fc7d1fefe) 19 | * [Other one:](https://www.coindesk.com/short-guide-blockchain-consensus-protocols/) 20 | * [Ofc, for academically inclined:](https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=practical+byzantine+fault+tolerance+algorithm&hl=en&as_sdt=0&as_vis=1&oi=scholart&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjS94qlxsPVAhWEshQKHWX6C0UQgQMIJDAA) 21 | * [Especially:](http://pmg.csail.mit.edu/papers/osdi99.pdf) 22 | * [Quest for scalable](http://vukolic.com/iNetSec_2015.pdf) not that good but interesting 23 | 24 | ### More on: 25 | * [Zero knowledge proof](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero-knowledge_proof) 26 | * [Proof of work](https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Proof_of_work) 27 | * [Smart contracts](https://blockgeeks.com/guides/smart-contracts/) 28 | 29 | ## The systems - How do we want to use blockchain. 30 | 31 | ### Government and insurance 32 | 33 | * [Insurance - reinsurance 1](https://www.allianz.com/en/press/news/commitment/sponsorship/161018-insurers-and-reinsurers-launch-blockchain-initiative-b3i/) 34 | * [Insurance - reinsurance 2](https://www.allianz.com/en/press/news/commitment/sponsorship/170206_Blockchain-gains--international-scope/) 35 | * [Insurance - reinsurance 3](http://www.agcs.allianz.com/about-us/news/blockchain-technology-successfully-piloted-by-allianz-risk-transfer-and-nephila-for-catastrophe-swap-/) 36 | * [China Taxes taxes taxes](https://www.zerohedge.com/news/2017-08-06/will-china-use-blockchain-collect-taxes) 37 | * [Dubai blockchain government 1](https://www.forbes.com/sites/suparnadutt/2017/12/18/dubai-sets-sights-on-becoming-the-worlds-first-blockchain-powered-government/#46f77dcc454b) 38 | * [Dubai blockchain government 2](https://www.coindesk.com/dubai-land-department-launches-blockchain-real-estate-initiative/) 39 | 40 | 41 | ### Food 42 | 43 | * [The Conversation - How blockchain could revolutionarize food industry](http://theconversation.com/how-blockchain-technology-could-transform-the-food-industry-89348) 44 | 45 | * [Forbes - The blockchain of food](https://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=https://www.forbes.com/sites/themixingbowl/2017/10/23/the-blockchain-of-food/) 46 | 47 | * [IBM - Blockchain in food safety](https://www.ibm.com/blogs/blockchain/category/blockchain-in-food-safety/) 48 | 49 | * [Bloomberg - blockchain seen revolutionarizing food chain cutting cost](https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-12-07/blockchain-seen-revolutionizing-food-chain-cutting-costs) 50 | 51 | 52 | ### Misc applications, solutions etc 53 | 54 | #### Decentralized apps - not only blockchain (noblockchain?) 55 | 56 | * [IPFS (inter planetary fs)](https://ipfs.io/) 57 | * [Email](http://labs.devana.rs/project/lemon-email/) 58 | * [Decentralized org structures](https://aragon.one/) 59 | * [Decentralized forecasting](http://www.augur.net/) 60 | * [Data science network](https://numer.ai/) 61 | * [Social engagement whatever](https://akasha.world/) 62 | * [Media](https://steem.io/#intro-ex) 63 | * [Professional network](https://indorse.io/) 64 | * [Golem](https://golem.network/) 65 | 66 | #### Green 67 | 68 | * [http://www.genercoin.org/](http://www.genercoin.org/) 69 | * [http://renucoin.com/](http://renucoin.com/) 70 | * [https://kwhcoin.com/](https://kwhcoin.com/) 71 | 72 | ### Other 73 | 74 | * [Basic attention token](https://basicattentiontoken.org/) 75 | 76 | ### Enterprise 77 | 78 | * [https://www.hyperledger.org/](https://www.hyperledger.org/) 79 | * [https://www.ibm.com/blockchain/](https://www.ibm.com/blockchain/) 80 | * [https://www.blockchain.com/enterprise/index.html](https://www.blockchain.com/enterprise/index.html) 81 | 82 | ### Moneyz 83 | * [ZCash](https://z.cash/) 84 | * [Litecoin](https://litecoin.org/) 85 | * [Monero](https://getmonero.org/) 86 | * [Forbes on bitcoin, ripple, litecoin in Jan 2018](https://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=https://www.forbes.com/sites/panosmourdoukoutas/2018/01/31/bitcoin-ripple-and-litecoin-sell-off-whats-different-this-time-around) 87 | 88 | 89 | 90 | 91 | ## The big heists 92 | #### YEAH, heists 93 | * [DAO 1](https://www.cryptocompare.com/coins/guides/the-dao-the-hack-the-soft-fork-and-the-hard-fork/) 94 | * [DAO 2](https://www.coindesk.com/understanding-dao-hack-journalists/) 95 | * [31M of Ether](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/a-hacker-stole-31m-of-ether-how-it-happened-and-what-it-means-for-ethereum-9e5dc29e33ce) 96 | * [Coincheck](http://money.cnn.com/2018/01/29/technology/coincheck-cryptocurrency-exchange-hack-japan/index.html) 97 | * [Ethereum parity hard fork](http://fortune.com/2017/11/08/ethereum-parity-hack-hard-fork/) 98 | * [The ether thief](https://www.bloomberg.com/features/2017-the-ether-thief/) 99 | 100 | 101 | ## Further reads 102 | 103 | * [Crypto currently](https://medium.com/crypto-currently) 104 | * [Ethereum tokens](https://www.ethereum.org/token) 105 | * [Ethereum natural spec format](https://github.com/ethereum/wiki/wiki/Ethereum-Natural-Specification-Format) 106 | * [Ethereum DAO](https://www.ethereum.org/dao) 107 | * [Indorse - decentralized professional network]( https://blog.indorse.io/why-we-are-building-a-decentralized-professional-network-indorse-8905d831f55a) 108 | * [quntifying decentralization](https://news.earn.com/quantifying-decentralization-e39db233c28e) 109 | * [Blockchain based digital advertizing - BAT token ( look at BRAVE browser as well](https://basicattentiontoken.org/BasicAttentionTokenWhitePaper-4.pdf) 110 | 111 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /documentation/open-api/qbc.yaml: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | swagger: "2.0" 2 | info: 3 | description: "Api definitions for Quantum blockchain" 4 | version: "1.0.0" 5 | title: "QBC Swagger" 6 | termsOfService: "https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.en.html" 7 | contact: 8 | email: "rastko.vukasinovic@gmail.com" 9 | license: 10 | name: "GPL 3.0" 11 | url: "https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.en.html" 12 | host: "localhost:5000" 13 | basePath: "/v1" 14 | tags: 15 | - name: "quantum blockchain" 16 | description: "general purpose blockchain" 17 | externalDocs: 18 | description: "Find out more" 19 | url: "https://github.com/metaphorical/quantum-blockchain" 20 | schemes: 21 | - "https" 22 | - "http" 23 | paths: 24 | /inject: 25 | post: 26 | tags: 27 | - "inject" 28 | summary: "Add transaction to transaction pool" 29 | description: "" 30 | consumes: 31 | - "application/json" 32 | produces: 33 | - "application/json" 34 | parameters: 35 | - in: "body" 36 | name: "body" 37 | description: "" 38 | required: true 39 | schema: 40 | $ref: "#/definitions/Inject" 41 | responses: 42 | 200: 43 | description: "Successfully added to transaction pool" 44 | 405: 45 | description: "Invalid input" 46 | 47 | # securityDefinitions: 48 | # petstore_auth: 49 | # type: "oauth2" 50 | # authorizationUrl: ".../oauth/dialog" 51 | # flow: "implicit" 52 | # scopes: 53 | # write:pets: "modify pets in your account" 54 | # read:pets: "read your pets" 55 | # api_key: 56 | # type: "apiKey" 57 | # name: "api_key" 58 | # in: "header" 59 | definitions: 60 | Inject: 61 | type: "object" 62 | properties: 63 | id: 64 | type: "integer" 65 | format: "int64" 66 | externalDocs: 67 | description: "Find out more about Swagger" 68 | url: "http://swagger.io" -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /lib/__init__.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/metaphorical/quantum-blockchain/7b0c605fabd01c6cfad727317df5bc067125b1d2/lib/__init__.py -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /lib/chain.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | import datetime as date 2 | import json, pickle, os 3 | import hashlib as hasher 4 | 5 | from lib.quant import Quant 6 | from lib.network import Network 7 | 8 | # TODO: All the saves and loads should be improved by adding in memory storage for performance and encryption for security 9 | QBCN = Network() 10 | 11 | class Chain: 12 | """ 13 | QBC structure implementation 14 | """ 15 | def __init__(self): 16 | # If there is locally storred chain it should be read and used on init 17 | # (instead of basic initiation of genesis block) 18 | if(os.path.exists(os.path.join(os.getcwd(),'storage', 'q.bc'))): 19 | self.qbc = Chain.__read_chain_from_disc() 20 | else: 21 | self.qbc = [Chain.__bang()] 22 | self.save() 23 | self.current_quant = self.qbc[0] 24 | 25 | @classmethod 26 | def __bang(self): 27 | """Bang starts new blockchain creating what is known as 'genesis block'""" 28 | return Quant(0, date.datetime.now(), "Small Bang", "0", "1") 29 | @classmethod 30 | def __create_next_quant(self, last_quant, data): 31 | """ 32 | Creates next block in Quantum Blockchain, known as Quant 33 | """ 34 | this_index = last_quant.index + 1 35 | this_timestamp = date.datetime.now() 36 | this_data = data 37 | last_hash = last_quant.hash 38 | last_proof = last_quant.proof 39 | return Quant(this_index, this_timestamp, this_data, last_hash, last_proof) 40 | @classmethod 41 | def __read_chain_from_disc(self): 42 | with open(os.path.join(os.getcwd(),'storage', 'q.bc'), 'rb') as qbc_file: 43 | return pickle.load(qbc_file) 44 | 45 | def get_chain_stats(self): 46 | sha = hasher.sha256() 47 | sha.update(self.get_chain("json")) 48 | return json.dumps({ 49 | "length": len(self.get_chain()), 50 | "hash": sha.hexdigest() 51 | }) 52 | 53 | def create_quant(self, data): 54 | """ 55 | Public method to add new quatn to QBC 56 | """ 57 | new_quant = Chain.__create_next_quant(self.current_quant, data) 58 | self.qbc.append(new_quant) 59 | self.current_quant = self.qbc[len(self.qbc) - 1] 60 | Chain.save(self) 61 | return new_quant 62 | 63 | def add_quant(self, quant): 64 | """ 65 | Add Quant to QBC 66 | """ 67 | self.qbc.append(quant) 68 | self.current_quant = self.qbc[len(self.qbc) - 1] 69 | Chain.save(self) 70 | 71 | def get_current_quant(self): 72 | return self.current_quant 73 | 74 | def get_chain(self, format="default"): 75 | return { 76 | "json": json.dumps([{ 77 | "index": str(quant.index), 78 | "timestamp": str(quant.timestamp), 79 | "data": str(quant.data), 80 | "hash": quant.hash, 81 | "proof": str(quant.proof) 82 | } for quant in self.qbc]), 83 | "serialized": pickle.dumps(self.qbc) 84 | }.get(format, self.qbc) 85 | 86 | def save(self): 87 | """ 88 | Storing QBC on disc serialized using pickle 89 | TODO: introduce encryption 90 | """ 91 | with open(os.path.join(os.getcwd(),'storage', 'q.bc'), 'wb') as fp: 92 | pickle.dump(self.qbc, fp) 93 | def load(self): 94 | self.qbc = self.__read_chain_from_disc() 95 | 96 | def get_remote_node_chain(self, host): 97 | """ 98 | Downloads chain in bickle format and sets it into qbc 99 | 100 | TODO: In order to develop and test I need to first finish dockerizing 101 | and preset for 2 or 3 node testing setup to emulate different lengths 102 | and chain diverging events. 103 | """ 104 | remote_chain = QBCN.read_chain(host) 105 | self.qbc = pickle.loads(remote_chain) 106 | self.save() -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /lib/encode.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | import gnupg 2 | 3 | gpg = gnupg.GPG() -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /lib/hash.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | import hashlib as hasher 2 | 3 | def hash_block(quant): 4 | """ 5 | Method to generate fingerprint for the next block. 6 | It is ideal for fingerprint to be the hash of some combination of all the blocks comonents 7 | """ 8 | sha = hasher.sha256() 9 | sha.update(str(quant.index) + 10 | str(quant.timestamp) + 11 | str(quant.data) + 12 | str(quant.previous_hash)) 13 | return sha.hexdigest() -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /lib/network.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | import os, json, requests, pickle 2 | 3 | from lib.qbc_utils import QbcUtils 4 | 5 | QBCU = QbcUtils() 6 | 7 | # TODO: implement timeout for request and fallback... Probably hardcoded genesis node should be fallback and some (maybe serverless?) discovery mechanism should be created 8 | # TODO: All the saves and loads should be improved by adding in memory storage for performance and encryption for security 9 | 10 | class Network: 11 | def load_nodes(self): 12 | with open(os.path.join(os.getcwd(),'storage', 'nodes.json'), 'rb') as node_file: 13 | nodes_json = json.load(node_file) 14 | print("NODES {}".format(nodes_json)) 15 | return nodes_json 16 | 17 | def save_nodes(self, nodes): 18 | # import pdb; pdb.set_trace() 19 | with open(os.path.join(os.getcwd(),'storage', 'nodes.json'), 'wb') as fp: 20 | json.dump(nodes, fp) 21 | 22 | def get_this_node(self): 23 | node_ip = QBCU.get_current_ip() 24 | return QBCU.get_hostname(node_ip, QBCU.get_port()) 25 | 26 | def register_and_discover(self, node_addr, this_node): 27 | discover_payload = {'host': this_node} 28 | try: 29 | register_request = requests.post("{}/discover".format(node_addr), json=discover_payload) 30 | except ValueError: 31 | print("register and discover ERROR - {}".format(ValueError)) 32 | register_request = False 33 | print("register and discover - {}".format(register_request.text)) 34 | return register_request 35 | 36 | def read_chain(self, node_addr): 37 | """ 38 | TODO: this might probably grow to be first secure transfer point, so when working on 39 | node to node auth, include it here 40 | """ 41 | chain_request = requests.get("{}/chain".format(node_addr)) 42 | return chain_request.text 43 | 44 | def broadcast_quant(self, nodes, quant): 45 | """ 46 | Broadcast any quant to all nodes in provided list 47 | TODO: secure this process 48 | """ 49 | this_node = QBCU.parse_localhost(self.get_this_node()) 50 | for qbc_node in nodes: 51 | node_addr = QBCU.parse_localhost(qbc_node) 52 | if node_addr != this_node: 53 | print node_addr 54 | quant_payload = {'quant': pickle.dumps(quant)} 55 | request = requests.post("{}/add-block".format(node_addr), json=quant_payload) 56 | print("Broadcasted new block to {} - {}".format(node_addr, request.text)) 57 | 58 | def discover_network(self, live_nodes=[]): 59 | """ 60 | Network discovery is done in two stages: 61 | 1 - ping genesys node (aka tracker) to register and get it's full list of nodes 62 | 2 - register on all of the nodes 63 | TODO: implement cross check and re register of nodes. 64 | """ 65 | registered_nodes = self.load_nodes() 66 | new_nodes = [] 67 | max_length = 0 68 | max_length_node = "" 69 | if not QBCU.is_genesis_node(): 70 | this_node = self.get_this_node() 71 | print("THIS NODE {}".format(this_node)) 72 | for qbc_node in registered_nodes: 73 | # When node boots up again it will have self on the node list 74 | # We need to make sure that it does not try to call self in discovery process 75 | if qbc_node != self.get_this_node(): 76 | node_addr = QBCU.parse_localhost(qbc_node) 77 | # Reading chain stats and checking chain length, if chain length is higher we set it in max_length var 78 | discover_node = self.register_and_discover(node_addr, this_node) 79 | 80 | # Before implementing retries, we assume that there is no node 81 | if discover_node: 82 | node_chain_length = json.loads(discover_node.text)["stats"]["length"] 83 | else: 84 | node_chain_length = 0 85 | 86 | if(node_chain_length > max_length): 87 | max_length = node_chain_length 88 | max_length_node = node_addr 89 | # Getting live nodes and figuring out new ones (no nodes if node not live) 90 | if discover_node: 91 | hosts_from_node = json.loads(discover_node.text)["live_nodes"] 92 | else: 93 | hosts_from_node = [] 94 | 95 | new_nodes += [x for x in hosts_from_node if (x != this_node and x not in registered_nodes)] 96 | 97 | print("new nodes - {}".format(json.dumps(new_nodes))) 98 | 99 | registered_nodes = registered_nodes + new_nodes 100 | self.save_nodes(registered_nodes) 101 | if(len(new_nodes) > 0): 102 | print("registered nodes - {}".format(json.dumps(registered_nodes))) 103 | for new_node in new_nodes: 104 | new_node_addr = QBCU.parse_localhost(new_node) 105 | self.register_and_discover(new_node_addr, this_node) 106 | else: 107 | print("I guess this is second node on the network...") 108 | return { 109 | "registered_nodes": registered_nodes, 110 | "longest_chain_length": max_length, 111 | "longest_chain_node": max_length_node 112 | } -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /lib/proof.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | def proof_of_work(last_proof): 2 | """ 3 | Simple proof of work implementation: 4 | last proof of work gets incremented until next number divisable by last proof and 19 appears 5 | """ 6 | theproof = int(last_proof) + 1 7 | print theproof 8 | while not (theproof % 19 == 0 and theproof % int(last_proof) == 0): 9 | theproof += 1 10 | return theproof 11 | 12 | def validate_pow(last_proof, theproof): 13 | """ 14 | Confirm that provided proof is actually the next block 15 | """ 16 | return (theproof % 19 == 0 and theproof % int(last_proof) == 0) 17 | 18 | def delegated_block_creation(last_proof): 19 | """ 20 | This is no proof system since it just returns order number of block. 21 | Private chain implementation is considered to be in place. 22 | """ 23 | return last_proof + 1 24 | 25 | def proof(last_param): 26 | """ 27 | Applies selected proof algorythm 28 | Currently just uses Proof of work. 29 | TODO: Implement 30 | * DBC - delegated block creation 31 | * POS - proof of stake 32 | * DPOS - delegated proof of stake 33 | * POA - proof of authority 34 | TODO: Implement configurable proof model. 35 | """ 36 | return proof_of_work(last_param) 37 | 38 | def validate(last_proof, theproof): 39 | """ 40 | Implement validation switching based on which consensus system is used 41 | """ 42 | return validate_pow(last_proof, theproof) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /lib/qbc_utils.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | import json, socket, sys 2 | 3 | system_config = json.load(open('./config/system_preferences.json')) 4 | class QbcUtils: 5 | def get_current_ip(self): 6 | return socket.gethostbyname(socket.gethostname()) 7 | 8 | def get_port(self): 9 | return int(sys.argv[1]) if (len(sys.argv) >= 2) else 5000 10 | 11 | def parse_localhost(self, new_node): 12 | """ 13 | for testing purposes, for node to communicate inside same machine, 14 | we need to parse all the IP addresses and replace current machine ones with localhost 15 | """ 16 | current_node_ip = self.get_current_ip() 17 | if current_node_ip not in new_node: 18 | node_addr = new_node 19 | else: 20 | node_addr = new_node.replace(current_node_ip, "localhost") 21 | return node_addr 22 | 23 | def get_hostname(self, ip, port): 24 | # TODO: handle different protocols 25 | return "http://{}:{}".format(ip, port) 26 | 27 | def is_genesis_node(self): 28 | """ 29 | Shows if current node belongs to list of initial nodes 30 | (it usually mean that those will stay longest time - i.e. forever) 31 | """ 32 | genesis_nodes = system_config["genesis_nodes"] 33 | this_node = self.get_hostname(self.get_current_ip(), self.get_port()) 34 | return this_node in genesis_nodes or self.parse_localhost(this_node) in genesis_nodes -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /lib/quant.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | from lib.hash import hash_block 2 | from lib.proof import proof 3 | 4 | class Quant: 5 | """ 6 | Smallest piece of QBC is quant of data - a block in the blockchain 7 | """ 8 | def __init__(self, index, timestamp, data, previous_hash, previous_proof): 9 | self.index = index 10 | self.timestamp = timestamp 11 | self.data = data 12 | self.previous_hash = previous_hash 13 | self.proof = proof(previous_proof) 14 | self.hash = hash_block(self) 15 | 16 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /lib/transactions.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | import os, requests, json 2 | 3 | from lib.qbc_utils import QbcUtils 4 | 5 | QBCU = QbcUtils() 6 | 7 | # TODO: All the saves and loads should be improved by adding in memory storage for performance and encryption for security 8 | 9 | class Transactions: 10 | def broadcast_transaction(self, nodes, transaction, port): 11 | node_ip = QBCU.get_current_ip() 12 | port = QBCU.get_port() 13 | this_node = QBCU.parse_localhost(QBCU.get_hostname(node_ip, port)) 14 | for node in nodes: 15 | node = QBCU.parse_localhost(node) 16 | if node != this_node: 17 | r = requests.put("{}/inject".format(node), json={"data":transaction}) 18 | print(r.text) 19 | 20 | def load_transactions(self): 21 | with open(os.path.join(os.getcwd(),'storage', 'transactions.json'), 'rb') as transactions_file: 22 | return json.load(transactions_file) 23 | 24 | def save_transactions(self, transactions): 25 | with open(os.path.join(os.getcwd(),'storage', 'transactions.json'), 'wb') as fp: 26 | json.dump(transactions, fp) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /misc/logo.png: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/metaphorical/quantum-blockchain/7b0c605fabd01c6cfad727317df5bc067125b1d2/misc/logo.png -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /modules/__init__.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/metaphorical/quantum-blockchain/7b0c605fabd01c6cfad727317df5bc067125b1d2/modules/__init__.py -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /modules/chain/__init__.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/metaphorical/quantum-blockchain/7b0c605fabd01c6cfad727317df5bc067125b1d2/modules/chain/__init__.py -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /modules/chain/controllers.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | import pickle 2 | 3 | from flask import Blueprint, request 4 | 5 | from lib.chain import Chain 6 | from lib.proof import validate 7 | 8 | chain_blueprint = Blueprint('chain', __name__) 9 | 10 | @chain_blueprint.route('/add-block', methods=['POST']) 11 | # Route to simply submit new, just mined block to this node 12 | def add_block(): 13 | QBC = Chain() 14 | if request.method == 'POST': 15 | new_quant_pickle = request.get_json()['quant'] 16 | new_quant = pickle.loads(new_quant_pickle) 17 | # Step towards BFT system, checking every quant validity 18 | if(validate(QBC.get_current_quant().proof, new_quant.proof)): 19 | QBC.add_quant(new_quant) 20 | # TODO: better detection if it succided 21 | return "Success" 22 | else: 23 | return "Invalid new block received" 24 | 25 | @chain_blueprint.route('/json-chain', methods=['GET']) 26 | # Route to get chain in JSON format 27 | def serve_json_qbc(): 28 | QBC = Chain() 29 | if request.method == 'GET': 30 | return QBC.get_chain("json") 31 | 32 | @chain_blueprint.route('/chain', methods=['GET']) 33 | # Route to get chain in Pickel format 34 | def serve_qbc(): 35 | QBC = Chain() 36 | if request.method == 'GET': 37 | return QBC.get_chain("serialized") 38 | 39 | @chain_blueprint.route('/stats', methods=['GET']) 40 | # Route to get Node stats 41 | def chain_stats(): 42 | QBC = Chain() 43 | return QBC.get_chain_stats() -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /modules/mining/__init__.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/metaphorical/quantum-blockchain/7b0c605fabd01c6cfad727317df5bc067125b1d2/modules/mining/__init__.py -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /modules/mining/controllers.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | from flask import Blueprint, request 2 | 3 | from lib.chain import Chain 4 | from lib.network import Network 5 | from lib.transactions import Transactions 6 | 7 | mining_blueprint = Blueprint('mining', __name__) 8 | QBC = Chain() 9 | QBCN = Network() 10 | QBCT = Transactions() 11 | 12 | @mining_blueprint.route('/leap', methods=['GET']) 13 | # Route to trigger ad-hoc mining 14 | # TODO: make mining configurable and automathic so POS and DPOS can be implemented 15 | def generate_block(): 16 | live_nodes = QBCN.load_nodes() 17 | if request.method == 'GET': 18 | # Below is super simple, the idea is to have decision model on number of transactions and 19 | # also which transactions go in 20 | print "Starting leap" 21 | new_quant_data = QBCT.load_transactions() 22 | new_quant = QBC.create_quant(new_quant_data) 23 | print new_quant 24 | QBCN.broadcast_quant(live_nodes, new_quant) 25 | QBCT.save_transactions([]) 26 | print "Quantum leap" 27 | return "block creation successful\n" -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /modules/network/__init__.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/metaphorical/quantum-blockchain/7b0c605fabd01c6cfad727317df5bc067125b1d2/modules/network/__init__.py -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /modules/network/controllers.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | import json 2 | 3 | from flask import Blueprint, request 4 | 5 | from lib.network import Network 6 | from lib.chain import Chain 7 | 8 | network_blueprint = Blueprint('network', __name__) 9 | QBC = Chain() 10 | QBCN = Network() 11 | 12 | @network_blueprint.route('/discover', methods=['POST', 'GET']) 13 | # Register new node if not already registered 14 | def register_node(): 15 | live_nodes = QBCN.load_nodes() 16 | if request.method == 'GET': 17 | return json.dumps(live_nodes) 18 | if request.method == 'POST': 19 | # import pdb; pdb.set_trace() 20 | new_host = request.get_json()['host'] 21 | if not (new_host in live_nodes): 22 | live_nodes.append(new_host) 23 | QBCN.save_nodes(live_nodes) 24 | return json.dumps({ 25 | "live_nodes": live_nodes, 26 | "stats": json.loads(QBC.get_chain_stats()) 27 | }) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /modules/transactions/__init__.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/metaphorical/quantum-blockchain/7b0c605fabd01c6cfad727317df5bc067125b1d2/modules/transactions/__init__.py -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /modules/transactions/controllers.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | from flask import Blueprint, request 2 | 3 | from lib.transactions import Transactions 4 | from lib.qbc_utils import QbcUtils 5 | from lib.network import Network 6 | 7 | transactions_blueprint = Blueprint('transactions', __name__) 8 | QBCN = Network() 9 | QBCT = Transactions() 10 | QBCU = QbcUtils() 11 | 12 | @transactions_blueprint.route('/inject', methods=['POST', 'PUT']) 13 | # Route to inject transaction (put in waiting queue) 14 | def add_transaction(): 15 | waiting_transactions = QBCT.load_transactions() 16 | live_nodes = QBCN.load_nodes() 17 | port = QBCU.get_port() 18 | # add transaction to waiting list 19 | if request.method == 'POST': 20 | waiting_transactions.append(request.get_json()['data']) 21 | QBCT.save_transactions(waiting_transactions) 22 | print "New transaction added" 23 | print "{}".format(request.get_json()['data']) 24 | QBCT.broadcast_transaction(live_nodes, request.get_json()['data'], port) 25 | return "Transaction submission successful\n" 26 | # receive transaction from known node on the network 27 | if request.method == 'PUT': 28 | waiting_transactions.append(request.get_json()['data']) 29 | QBCT.save_transactions(waiting_transactions) 30 | print "ip of node sending transaction - {}".format(request.remote_addr) 31 | print "New transaction added by the network" 32 | print "{}".format(request.get_json()) 33 | return "Transaction submission successful\n" -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /readme.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2 | ![quantum blockchain](./misc/logo.png "QBC") [![Known Vulnerabilities](https://snyk.io/test/github/metaphorical/quantum-blockchain/badge.svg)](https://snyk.io/test/github/metaphorical/quantum-blockchain) 3 | 4 | # Quantum Blockchain (QBC) 5 | #### Basic general purpose blockchain in Python 6 | 7 | 8 | This project grew out of my experiment of building something to get the full scope of what is needed to build general purpose blockchain. Current idea is to try and evolve it to project that can create BC solution which can seriously contribute to any microservice echosystem in need of safe, secure and distributed data storage. 9 | 10 | ## Idea (look into Medium article for more in depth explanation) 11 | 12 | Build general purpose blockchain system that can maintain and fork multiple blockchains for different purposes and accept different data for different blockchains. Build it as general purose solution that can be used as a service in multiservice system to provide blockchain functionality. 13 | 14 | ## Documentation 15 | 16 | * [Medium article (Whitepaper?)](https://hackernoon.com/building-general-purpose-blockchain-71ffb8511ce) 17 | * [Blockchain Digest](documentation/blockchain-digest.md) 18 | * [Architecture](documentation/architecture.md) 19 | 20 | ## How start contributing and future plans for a project 21 | 22 | You can fork this repo and work on it. When you create pull requests, I will make sure to review it and merge it as soon as possible. 23 | 24 | **If this ever picks up as proper project, I want to give control over it ot group of people so it makes senese to contribute and work on it.** 25 | 26 | More detailed documentation about contributing and rules will come later, but you can review whitepaper, outline of planed features etc, and you can also review trello board: 27 | 28 | [QBC trello](https://trello.com/b/IKDDvvC1/quantum-blockchain) 29 | 30 | If you want to contribute, by either idea or doing some work in code (there is a need for lots of that), please ping me at rastko.vukasinovic@gmail.com so we can discuss and I can add you to board so we ca collect all the ideas and proposals and track any work. 31 | 32 | Thank you! 33 | 34 | Read following part of docs for a way to run QBC and quickly start working on it. 35 | 36 | ## QBC Node server 37 | 38 | > **NOTE:** At this moment, for dev purposes, flask server will be running in debug mode. 39 | 40 | ### Running for local development 41 | Install dependencies from requirements.txt 42 | 43 | Start server by running 44 | 45 | ``` 46 | python run.py 47 | ``` 48 | This runs server at port **5000** 49 | 50 | If you want to run multiple instances you can add the port as the argument: 51 | 52 | ``` 53 | python run.py 3000 54 | ``` 55 | 56 | This wouldn't fully work since all the instances look at same place on the disc and persist node network data and chain in the same file... this is not for tastinh networks of nodes - just for running it in different port if you want to do it without virtualization. 57 | 58 | ### Running it using Docker - basic 59 | ``` 60 | docker build -t qbc . 61 | docker run -it -p 5000:5000 qbc 62 | ``` 63 | 64 | ### Node network testing setup 65 | 66 | In order to be able to test multi node network situation there is docker-compose setup provided for this case. To start it simply do: 67 | ``` 68 | docker-compose build 69 | docker-compose up 70 | ``` 71 | Setup is doing the following: 72 | * All three nodes will react toyour code changes 73 | * Internal app data is stored in **./test/test_storage/node\*** 74 | * Logs are stored in **./test/test_storage/logs\*** 75 | 76 | **NOTE:** please make sure to cleanup directories for storage persistance by just leaving main node in node list and removing everything else when you are running new clean test. 77 | 78 | ### List of basic features 79 | 80 | * Accept transactions 81 | * broadcast transactions to known nodes 82 | * Create a block 83 | * Get full chain for comparison 84 | * Basic node registration on the network 85 | * Basic node discovery and distributed registration 86 | * Get chain stats 87 | * Persist blockchain on disc 88 | * Basic bootstrap of the node - when node boots up it reads from the disc and fetches chain stats from known nodes, getting longest chain, or keeping current if longest or same length 89 | * Broadcast new block to all nodes 90 | * [TODO] Check new block on all nodes (chain length check + all other checks) 91 | * [TODO] Make chain stats for comparison (configurable/parametrized) (POW) 92 | * [TODO] Network auth system 93 | 94 | 95 | ### List of additional features: 96 | * [TODO] Multiple proof (consensus) systems 97 | * [TODO] Fork new blockchain 98 | * [TODO] Maintain multiple blockchains on network 99 | * [TODO] Strong validation system 100 | * [TODO] Zero knowledge proof access to data 101 | * [TODO] Other auth / data lock methods 102 | * [TODO] Denormalization to SQL DB / JSON 103 | 104 | ### Support features 105 | * [TODO] Admin UI 106 | * [TODO] Analytics dashboard 107 | 108 | 109 | ## Basic elements 110 | 111 | * **Quantum blockchain (QBC)** - this blockcahain 112 | * **Quant** - block in QBC 113 | * **Bang** - creation of new blockchain - genesis block. 114 | * **Transaction** - new data to be added to block 115 | * **Leap** - creating new Quant containing transactions from the pool 116 | 117 | ### Routes available 118 | 119 | * **/inject** 120 | * [POST] add transaction to transaction pool (transactions waiting ti be added to db) 121 | * **/leap** 122 | * [GET] add the data to blockchain - mine a block putting all the transactions in transaction pool in. 123 | * **/json-chain** 124 | * [GET] get whole chain in the node in JSON format 125 | * **/chain** 126 | * [GET] get whole chain in the node serialized in pickle 127 | * **/discover** 128 | * [POST] register one node on the system by sending it node host addres like host=address 129 | * [GET] get currently up to date list of live nodes known to this node 130 | * **/stats** 131 | * [GET] Get chain stats 132 | 133 | ### To test server while running 134 | 135 | Using [httpie](https://httpie.org/) : 136 | 137 | Add transaction to node (put on waiting list aka transaction pool): 138 | 139 | ``` 140 | http -v POST localhost:5000/inject data="{\"test\":\"test2\"}" 141 | ``` 142 | 143 | Add block of data to blockchain: 144 | ``` 145 | http -v GET localhost:5000/leap 146 | ``` 147 | 148 | Get blockchain in JSON format: 149 | ``` 150 | http -v GET localhost:5000/json-chain 151 | ``` 152 | 153 | ## Used third party dependencies 154 | 155 | * [Flask](http://flask.pocoo.org/docs/0.12/quickstart/) 156 | * [Requests](http://docs.python-requests.org/en/latest/user/quickstart/) 157 | 158 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /requirements.txt: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | astroid==1.6.2 2 | backports.functools-lru-cache==1.5 3 | certifi==2018.1.18 4 | chardet==3.0.4 5 | click==6.7 6 | configparser==3.5.0 7 | enum34==1.1.6 8 | Flask==1.0.2 9 | Flask-SocketIO==2.9.3 10 | futures==3.2.0 11 | gnupg==2.3.1 12 | idna==2.6 13 | isort==4.3.4 14 | itsdangerous==0.24 15 | Jinja2==2.10 16 | lazy-object-proxy==1.3.1 17 | MarkupSafe==1.0 18 | mccabe==0.6.1 19 | psutil==5.4.6 20 | pylint==1.8.3 21 | python-engineio==2.0.2 22 | python-socketio==1.8.4 23 | requests==2.18.4 24 | singledispatch==3.4.0.3 25 | six==1.11.0 26 | urllib3==1.22 27 | Werkzeug==3.0.6 28 | wrapt==1.10.11 29 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /run.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | import json 2 | 3 | from flask import Flask 4 | 5 | from lib.chain import Chain 6 | from lib.network import Network 7 | from lib.qbc_utils import QbcUtils 8 | 9 | from modules.transactions.controllers import transactions_blueprint 10 | from modules.mining.controllers import mining_blueprint 11 | from modules.network.controllers import network_blueprint 12 | from modules.chain.controllers import chain_blueprint 13 | 14 | node = Flask(__name__) 15 | 16 | QBC = Chain() 17 | QBCN = Network() 18 | QBCU = QbcUtils() 19 | port = QBCU.get_port() 20 | 21 | # Registering all the modules 22 | node.register_blueprint(transactions_blueprint) 23 | 24 | node.register_blueprint(mining_blueprint) 25 | 26 | node.register_blueprint(network_blueprint) 27 | 28 | node.register_blueprint(chain_blueprint) 29 | 30 | 31 | # Discover full network and register on each of the nodes 32 | network = QBCN.discover_network() 33 | live_nodes=network["registered_nodes"] 34 | 35 | if not QBCU.is_genesis_node(): 36 | QBCN.save_nodes(live_nodes) 37 | 38 | # If this is not first (genesis) node (meaning that at start there is noone else to look at on start), 39 | # take look at network stats to see if there is longer chain. If there is one - get it. 40 | if json.loads(QBC.get_chain_stats())["length"] < network["longest_chain_length"]: 41 | QBC.get_remote_node_chain(network["longest_chain_node"]) 42 | 43 | 44 | node.run(host='0.0.0.0', port=port, debug=True) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /storage/.gitkeep: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/metaphorical/quantum-blockchain/7b0c605fabd01c6cfad727317df5bc067125b1d2/storage/.gitkeep -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /storage/nodes.json: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | [ 2 | "http://172.16.238.10:5000" 3 | ] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /storage/transactions.json: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | [] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /test/__init__.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/metaphorical/quantum-blockchain/7b0c605fabd01c6cfad727317df5bc067125b1d2/test/__init__.py -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /test/test_storage/node1/nodes.json: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | ["http://172.16.238.10:5000"] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /test/test_storage/node2/nodes.json: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | ["http://172.16.238.10:5000"] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /test/test_storage/node3/nodes.json: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | ["http://172.16.238.10:5000"] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------