├── home ├── iw_list │ ├── CHANEVE_AR9ESCAPE_AR9271 │ │ ├── external.jpg │ │ ├── inside.jpg │ │ └── adapter_with_antenna.jpg │ ├── Ralink RT5370 │ ├── EDUP_MS8551.txt │ ├── DM-Digital_MT7601.txt │ ├── PANDA_MINI.txt │ ├── PANDA_WHITE.txt │ ├── PANDA_PAU03.txt │ ├── PANDA_PAU04.txt │ ├── PANDA_PAU08.txt │ ├── PANDA_PAU05.txt │ ├── PANDA_PAU06.txt │ ├── TEROW_ROW02FD.txt │ ├── TEROW_ROW02CD.txt │ ├── ALFA_AWUS036ACM.txt │ ├── ALFA_AWUS036ACHM_mt7610u.md │ └── AVM FRITZ!WLAN USB Stick N v2 ├── How_to_install_multiple_gcc_compiler_versions.md ├── Recommended_WiFi_Router_Settings.md ├── Recommended_Bluetooth_Adapters_for_Linux.md ├── The_Short_List.md ├── AP_Mode │ ├── hostapd-WiFi4.conf │ ├── Upgrade_hostapd.md │ └── hostapd-WiFi5.conf ├── Using_USB_Adapter_in_VirtualBox.md ├── USB_WiFi_Adapter_out-of-kernel_drivers_for_Linux.md ├── On_Hold.md ├── Compiling_the_Linux_Mainline_Kernel.md ├── How_to_Modeswitch.md ├── USB_Ports.md ├── USB_WiFi_Chipsets.md ├── Compile_and_Install_New_RasPiOS_Kernel.md ├── PCIe_WiFi_Devices.md ├── Recommended_Adapters_for_Kali_Linux.md └── Performance_Comparison.md ├── .github ├── workflows │ └── markdown-ci.yml └── ISSUE_TEMPLATE │ └── HELP_REQUEST.yml └── README.md /home/iw_list/CHANEVE_AR9ESCAPE_AR9271/external.jpg: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/morrownr/USB-WiFi/HEAD/home/iw_list/CHANEVE_AR9ESCAPE_AR9271/external.jpg -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /home/iw_list/CHANEVE_AR9ESCAPE_AR9271/inside.jpg: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/morrownr/USB-WiFi/HEAD/home/iw_list/CHANEVE_AR9ESCAPE_AR9271/inside.jpg -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /home/iw_list/CHANEVE_AR9ESCAPE_AR9271/adapter_with_antenna.jpg: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/morrownr/USB-WiFi/HEAD/home/iw_list/CHANEVE_AR9ESCAPE_AR9271/adapter_with_antenna.jpg -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /.github/workflows/markdown-ci.yml: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | name: Markdown CI 2 | 3 | on: 4 | # Allows you to run this workflow manually from the Actions tab 5 | workflow_dispatch: 6 | 7 | push: 8 | branches: [ main ] 9 | paths: 10 | - .github/workflows/markdown-ci.yml 11 | - '**.md' 12 | 13 | pull_request: 14 | branches: [ main ] 15 | paths: 16 | - .github/workflows/markdown-ci.yml 17 | - '**.md' 18 | 19 | jobs: 20 | check-links: 21 | runs-on: ubuntu-latest 22 | steps: 23 | - uses: actions/checkout@v4 24 | - name: Run linkspector 25 | uses: umbrelladocs/action-linkspector@v1 26 | with: 27 | github_token: ${{ secrets.github_token }} 28 | reporter: github-pr-review 29 | fail_on_error: true 30 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /home/How_to_install_multiple_gcc_compiler_versions.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | ## How to install multiple GCC compiler versions on Ubuntu-based distros 2 | 3 | Note: With slight modifications, this guide will likely work for 4 | most distros but you may need to consult your distro documentation 5 | or support forums to confirm. 6 | 7 | Maintained by @morrownr 8 | 9 | ### Step 1 10 | 11 | Setup the build environment if not already done: 12 | 13 | ``` 14 | sudo apt install build-essential 15 | ``` 16 | 17 | ### Step 2 18 | 19 | Install multiple C compiler versions (only install the ones you want to 20 | add to your system): 21 | 22 | 23 | ``` 24 | sudo apt -y install gcc-10 gcc-11 gcc-12 25 | ``` 26 | 27 | ### Step 3 28 | 29 | Use the `update-alternatives` tool to create a list of multiple GCC 30 | compiler alternatives: 31 | 32 | ``` 33 | sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/gcc gcc /usr/bin/gcc-10 10 34 | ``` 35 | 36 | ``` 37 | sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/gcc gcc /usr/bin/gcc-11 11 38 | ``` 39 | 40 | ``` 41 | sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/gcc gcc /usr/bin/gcc-12 12 42 | ``` 43 | 44 | ### Step 4 45 | 46 | Check the available C compilers list on your Ubuntu system: 47 | 48 | ``` 49 | sudo update-alternatives --config gcc 50 | ``` 51 | 52 | ``` 53 | Selection Path Priority Status 54 | ------------------------------------------------------------ 55 | 0 /usr/bin/gcc-11 11 auto mode 56 | 1 /usr/bin/gcc-10 10 manual mode 57 | * 2 /usr/bin/gcc-11 11 manual mode 58 | 3 /usr/bin/gcc-12 12 manual mode 59 | ``` 60 | 61 | Press `Enter` to keep the current choice `[*]` or type selection number. 62 | 63 | ### Step 5 64 | 65 | Check your currently selected compiler version: 66 | 67 | ``` 68 | gcc --version 69 | ``` 70 | 71 | Happy compiling! 72 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /home/Recommended_WiFi_Router_Settings.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2021-11-12 2 | 3 | ## Recommended WiFi router/ access point settings 4 | 5 | Note: This documentment is aimed at Linux users that have WiFi adapters and cards that use in-kernel drivers. 6 | 7 | Note: These are general recommendations, some of which may not apply to your specific situation. 8 | 9 | Security: Set `WPA3-SAE` or `WPA3-SAE/WPA2-AES Mixed` or `WPA2-AES`. Do not set `WPA2 Mixed` or `WPA` or `WEP` or `TKIP`. 10 | 11 | Channel width for 2.4G: Set 20 MHz fixed width. Do not use 40 MHz or 20/40 automatic. 12 | 13 | Channels for 2.4G: Set channel 1 or 6 or 11 depending on the congestion at your location. Do not set automatic channel selection. 14 | 15 | Mode for 2.4G: For best performance, set "N only" if you no longer use B or G capable devices. 16 | 17 | Network names: Do not set the 2.4G Network and the 5G Network to the same name. Note: Unfortunately many routers come with both networks set to the same name. If both networks are set to the same name, I recommend you change one to ensure different network names. 18 | 19 | Channels for 5G: Not all devices are capable of using DFS channels. Roku TV devices are a good example. It may be necessary to set a fixed channel in the range of 36 to 48 or 149 to 161 in order for all of your devices to work on 5g. (for US, other countries may vary) Since 5G WiFi channels are often very lightly used, you could consider moving devices that can't use to 5G DFS channels to 2.4G so that the remaining 5G devices can enjoy uncongested operation. I do this and it works great. 20 | 21 | Best location for the wifi router/ access point: Near center of apartment or house, at least a couple of feet away from walls, in an elevated location. 22 | 23 | Check congestion: There are apps available for smart phones that allow you to check the congestion levels on wifi channels. The apps generally go by the name of WiFi Analyzer or something similar. 24 | 25 | After making and saving changes, reboot the router. 26 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /home/Recommended_Bluetooth_Adapters_for_Linux.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | ## Recommended Bluetooth Adapters for Linux 2 | 3 | I have started this list because of my strong recommendation to Linux users to avoid USB WiFi adapters that include bluetooth support. I have seen too many problems with combo adapters over the years. There are technical reasons for the problems that users see with combo adapters and problems happen on both Linux and Windows. I will explain this in detail on this page as I have time. It will take some time for this page to become as useful as we need and I could certainly use a partner to maintain this page. If interested, leave me a message in Issues. 4 | 5 | @morrownr 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | | Adapter | Chipset | Ver | Price | Link | 10 | |---------------------------------|-----------|-----|----------|--------------------------------------------------------------------| 11 | | EDUP EP-B3536 [1] [4] | rtl8761BU | 5.1 | 10 USD | https://amazon.com/dp/B09KG7QQ5V | 12 | | Baseus BA04 [1] | rtl8761BU | 5.1 | 12 USD | https://aliexpress.com/item/1005005187191049.html | 13 | | EVEO [1] [2] | rtl8761BU | 5.1 | 10 USD | https://www.amazon.com/EVEO-Bluetooth-Adapter-PC-5-1/dp/B0957NZNC2 | 14 | | TP-Link UB500 Plus [3] | rtl8761BU | 5.3 | 20 USD | https://www.amazon.com/TP-Link-Adjustable-Controller-UB500-Plus/dp/B0DKFXGR21 | 15 | 16 | 17 | [1] supported in kernel 5.14 and later. 18 | 19 | [2] Review: https://bioslevel.com/review/the-best-usb-bluetooth-dongle-for-linux/ 20 | 21 | [3] The UB500 Plus shows as a v5.3 adapter while still using the rtl8761bu chipset. It is my understanding that the difference between BT 5.1 and 5.3 only requires additional driver/firmware support, not a new chipset. It appears that you may need to be using kernel 6.8 or later for this adapter. 22 | 23 | [4] Review: I have been using the EDUP EP-B3536 for a few months now. It is a VERY reliable adapter with very long range for bluetooth. I have used it with a mouse, keyboard and headset with no compatibility problems. The Linux driver/firmware appears to be VERY GOOD. 24 | 25 | Note: Your input to maintain this list is welcome. 26 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/HELP_REQUEST.yml: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | name: Help Request 2 | description: File a help request. 3 | title: "[Help]: " 4 | labels: ["help"] 5 | body: 6 | - type: markdown 7 | attributes: 8 | value: | 9 | Please fill out the following forms. The requested information is needed to be able to properly assist you. 10 | - type: checkboxes 11 | id: terms 12 | attributes: 13 | label: Checklist 14 | description: "By submitting this issue, you confirm the following conditions have been met." 15 | options: 16 | - label: I acknowledge that support is provided on a best-effort basis. 17 | required: true 18 | - label: I acknowledge that the authors and contributors to this repository cannot be held responsible for the results of my use of any information contained in or linked from this repository. 19 | required: true 20 | - type: input 21 | id: uname 22 | attributes: 23 | label: uname 24 | description: "Run the command `uname -a` and paste its output here." 25 | placeholder: "uname -a" 26 | validations: 27 | required: true 28 | - type: input 29 | id: lsusb 30 | attributes: 31 | label: lsusb 32 | description: "Run the command `sudo lsusb` and paste its output here." 33 | placeholder: "sudo lsusb" 34 | validations: 35 | required: true 36 | - type: input 37 | id: rfkill 38 | attributes: 39 | label: rfkill 40 | description: 41 | "Run the command `sudo rfkill list all` and paste its output here." 42 | placeholder: "sudo rfkill list all" 43 | validations: 44 | required: true 45 | - type: textarea 46 | id: dkms 47 | attributes: 48 | label: dkms 49 | description: 50 | "Run the command `sudo dkms status` and paste its output here." 51 | placeholder: "sudo dkms status" 52 | render: text 53 | validations: 54 | required: true 55 | - type: textarea 56 | id: iw 57 | attributes: 58 | label: iw 59 | description: "Run the command `iw dev` and paste its output here." 60 | placeholder: "sudo iw dev" 61 | render: text 62 | validations: 63 | required: true 64 | - type: textarea 65 | id: problem 66 | attributes: 67 | label: "What happened?" 68 | description: "Please describe the problematic behavior you are observing." 69 | validations: 70 | required: true 71 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /home/The_Short_List.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | ## The Short List - Superstar USB WiFi adapters for Linux 2 | 3 | "I plugged it in and it just works™" 4 | 5 | Note: [The Plug and Play List](./USB_WiFi_Adapters_that_are_supported_with_Linux_in-kernel_drivers.md) has many more adapters listed as well as reviews and links to online sellers. 6 | 7 | Note: All listed adapters are single-state (no Windows driver onboard) and single-function (wifi only). 8 | 9 | | Adapter | Chipset | Class | Bands | USB Version | WPA3 | Range | 10 | |----------------------------------------------|-----------|---------|-----------|-------------|------|-----------| 11 | | EDUP EP-AX1672[1][2] | mt7921au | AXE3000 | 2.4, 5, 6 | 3 | Yes | Long | 12 | | Netgear A8000 | mt7921au | AXE3000 | 2.4, 5, 6 | 3 | Yes | Medium | 13 | | Panda PAU0F | mt7921au | AXE3000 | 2.4, 5, 6 | 3 | Yes | Medium | 14 | | ALFA AWUS036AXM | mt7921au | AXE3000 | 2.4, 5, 6 | 3 | Yes | Long | 15 | | ALFA AWUS036ACM[1][2] | mt7612u | AC1200 | 2.4, 5 | 3 | Yes | Long | 16 | | Panda PAU0D | mt7612u | AC1200 | 2.4, 5 | 3 | Yes | Long | 17 | | ALFA AWUS036ACHM[1][2][3] | mt7610u | AC600 | 2.4, 5 | 2 | Yes | Very Long | 18 | | Asus USB-AC51 | mt7610u | AC600 | 2.4, 5 | 2 | Yes | Medium | 19 | | Panda PAU0B | mt7610u | AC600 | 2.4, 5 | 2 | Yes | Long | 20 | | Panda PAU09 | rt5572 | N600 | 2.4, 5 | 2 | Yes | Long | 21 | | Panda PAU03[1] (nano) | rt5370 | N150 | 2.4 | 2 | Yes | Short | 22 | | Panda PAU04 | rt5370 | N150 | 2.4 | 2 | Yes | Medium | 23 | | CanaKit BC19675 | rt5370 | N150 | 2.4 | 2 | Yes | Short | 24 | | EDUP EP-MS8551[1][4] | mt7601u | N150 | 2.4 | 2 | Yes | Very Long | 25 | | Zibo-6467115[1][4] (nano) | mt7601u | N150 | 2.4 | 2 | Yes | Short | 26 | | ALFA AWUS036NHA | ar9271 | N150 | 2.4 | 2 | Yes | Long | 27 | 28 | ``` 29 | [1]: I have first hand experience with this adapter. 30 | [2]: Excellent for 5 GHz AP mode (works well with a Raspberry Pi 4B) 31 | [3]: Outstanding for 2.4 GHz AP mode 32 | [4]: Use only for client (managed) mode. No AP mode. Limited monitor mode. 33 | ``` 34 | 35 | Criteria to make The Short List: 36 | 37 | 1. Uses an In-kernel driver (adapter is plug and play). 38 | 2. Has either a documented track record or my own testing experience. 39 | 3. Is available to purchase as a new product. 40 | 41 | USB WiFi adapters come in various shapes, sizes and speeds. Their capabilities 42 | can vary greatly. The adapter that you pick needs to be chosen based on its 43 | ability to do the job that you need it to do. 44 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /home/AP_Mode/hostapd-WiFi4.conf: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # /etc/hostapd/hostapd-WiFi4.conf 2 | # Documentation: https://w1.fi/cgit/hostap/plain/hostapd/hostapd.conf 3 | # 2023-03-15 4 | 5 | # SSID 6 | ssid=myPI-WiFi4 7 | # PASSPHRASE 8 | wpa_passphrase=myPW1234 9 | # Band: a = 5GHz & 6GHz (a/n/ac/ax), g = 2Ghz (b/g/n) 10 | hw_mode=g 11 | # Channel 12 | channel=6 13 | # Country code 14 | country_code=US 15 | 16 | # Bridge interface 17 | bridge=br0 18 | # WiFi interface 19 | interface=wlan1 20 | 21 | # Set hostapd driver (nl80211 is used with all Linux mac80211 (in-kernel) and modern Realtek drivers) 22 | driver=nl80211 23 | #ctrl_interface=/var/run/hostapd 24 | #ctrl_interface_group=0 25 | 26 | # Various settings 27 | #beacon_int=100 28 | #dtim_period=2 29 | #max_num_sta=32 30 | #rts_threshold=2347 31 | #fragm_threshold=2346 32 | #send_probe_response=1 33 | 34 | # Security 35 | macaddr_acl=0 36 | # auth_algs=3 is required for WPA3-SAE and WPA3-SAE Transition mode 37 | auth_algs=1 38 | ignore_broadcast_ssid=0 39 | # wpa=2 is required for WPA2 and WPA3 (read the docs) 40 | wpa=2 41 | wpa_pairwise=CCMP 42 | #wpa_pairwise=CCMP CCMP-256 43 | rsn_pairwise=CCMP 44 | #rsn_pairwise=CCMP CCMP-256 45 | # only one wpa_key_mgmt= line should be active. 46 | # wpa_key_mgmt=WPA-PSK is required for WPA2-AES 47 | wpa_key_mgmt=WPA-PSK 48 | # wpa_key_mgmt=SAE WPA-PSK is required for WPA3-SAE Transition mode 49 | #wpa_key_mgmt=SAE WPA-PSK 50 | # wpa_key_mgmt=SAE is required for WPA3-SAE 51 | #wpa_key_mgmt=SAE 52 | #wpa_group_rekey=1800 53 | # ieee80211w=1 is required for WPA3-SAE Transition mode 54 | # ieee80211w=2 is required for WPA3-SAE 55 | #ieee80211w=2 56 | # sae_require_mfp=1 is required for WPA3-SAE Transition mode 57 | #sae_require_mfp=1 58 | # If parameter is not set, 19 is the default value. 59 | #sae_groups=19 20 21 25 26 60 | # If parameter is not set, 5 is the default value. 61 | #sae_anti_clogging_threshold=10 62 | 63 | # Note: Capabilities can vary even between adapters with the same chipset. 64 | # 65 | # Note: Only one ht_capab= line should be active. The content of these 66 | # lines is determined by the capabilities of your adapter. 67 | # 68 | # IEEE 802.11n 69 | ieee80211n=1 70 | wmm_enabled=1 71 | # 72 | # generic 20 MHz setting 73 | ht_capab=[SHORT-GI-20] 74 | # 75 | # generic 40 MHz setting 76 | #ht_capab=[HT40+][HT40-][SHORT-GI-20][SHORT-GI-40] 77 | # 78 | # RasPi4B internal wifi 79 | #ht_capab=[HT40+][HT40-][SHORT-GI-20][SHORT-GI-40][DSSS_CCK-40] 80 | # 81 | # rt5370 - rt3070 82 | #ht_capab=[HT40+][HT40-][GF][SHORT-GI-20][SHORT-GI-40][RX-STBC1] 83 | # 84 | # ar9271 85 | #ht_capab=[HT40+][HT40-][SHORT-GI-20][SHORT-GI-40][RX-STBC1][DSSS_CCK-40] 86 | # 87 | # Mediatek chipsets 88 | # mt7612u - mt7610u 89 | #ht_capab=[HT40+][HT40-][GF][SHORT-GI-20][SHORT-GI-40] 90 | # mt7921au 91 | #ht_capab=[LDPC][HT40+][HT40-][GF][SHORT-GI-20][SHORT-GI-40][TX-STBC][RX-STBC1][MAX-AMSDU-7935] 92 | # 93 | # Realtek chipsets 94 | # rtl8812au - rtl8811au - rtl8811cu 95 | #ht_capab=[HT40+][HT40-][SHORT-GI-20][SHORT-GI-40][MAX-AMSDU-7935] 96 | # rtl8812bu 97 | #ht_capab=[LDPC][HT40+][HT40-][SHORT-GI-20][SHORT-GI-40][MAX-AMSDU-7935] 98 | # rtl8814au 99 | #ht_capab=[LDPC][HT40+][HT40-][SHORT-GI-20][SHORT-GI-40][MAX-AMSDU-7935][DSSS_CCK-40] 100 | # 101 | 102 | # End of hostapd-WiFi4.conf 103 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /home/AP_Mode/Upgrade_hostapd.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2025-10-16 2 | 3 | Upgrade hostapd to support WiFi 6, WiFi 7 and band 4 (6 GHz) 4 | 5 | Compile and install hostapd v2.12-devel (current as the date of 6 | this document) 7 | 8 | Purpose: As of this date, the Raspberry Pi OS uses hostapd v2.10 9 | and we need a later version to support modern hardware. 10 | 11 | Tested on: Raspberry Pi OS 64 bit. 12 | 13 | Install `hostapd` (if not already installed): 14 | 15 | ``` 16 | sudo apt install hostapd 17 | ``` 18 | 19 | Activate `hostapd` (if not already activated): 20 | 21 | ``` 22 | sudo systemctl unmask hostapd 23 | ``` 24 | 25 | ``` 26 | sudo systemctl enable hostapd 27 | ``` 28 | 29 | Install `git` (if not already installed): 30 | 31 | ``` 32 | sudo apt install git 33 | ``` 34 | 35 | Clone hostapd: 36 | 37 | Note: I use a directory called `src` in my home directory. 38 | 39 | ``` 40 | mkdir -p ~/src 41 | ``` 42 | 43 | ``` 44 | cd ~/src 45 | ``` 46 | 47 | ``` 48 | git clone git://w1.fi/srv/git/hostap.git 49 | ``` 50 | 51 | Move to `hostapd` directory: 52 | 53 | ``` 54 | cd hostap/hostapd 55 | ``` 56 | 57 | Copy default settings to `.config`: 58 | 59 | ``` 60 | cp defconfig .config 61 | ``` 62 | 63 | Edit .config: 64 | 65 | ``` 66 | nano .config 67 | ``` 68 | 69 | or 70 | 71 | ``` 72 | geany .config 73 | ``` 74 | 75 | or 76 | 77 | use your favorite text editor 78 | 79 | 80 | Activate the following: (uncomment, if not already uncommented) 81 | 82 | ``` 83 | CONFIG_DRIVER_NL80211=y 84 | CONFIG_LIBNL32=y 85 | CONFIG_RSN_PREAUTH=y 86 | #CONFIG_OCV=y 87 | CONFIG_EAP=y 88 | CONFIG_ERP=y 89 | CONFIG_EAP_MD5=y 90 | CONFIG_EAP_TLS=y 91 | CONFIG_EAP_MSCHAPV2=y 92 | CONFIG_EAP_PEAP=y 93 | CONFIG_EAP_GTC=y 94 | CONFIG_EAP_TTLS=y 95 | CONFIG_PKCS12=y 96 | CONFIG_IPV6=y 97 | CONFIG_IEEE80211R=y 98 | CONFIG_WNM=y 99 | CONFIG_IEEE80211AC=y 100 | CONFIG_IEEE80211AX=y 101 | CONFIG_IEEE80211BE=y 102 | CONFIG_SAE=y 103 | CONFIG_SAE_PK=y 104 | CONFIG_DEBUG_FILE=y 105 | #CONFIG_FULL_DYNAMIC_VLAN=y 106 | CONFIG_GETRANDOM=y 107 | CONFIG_MBO=y 108 | CONFIG_NO_TKIP=y 109 | CONFIG_DPP=y 110 | CONFIG_DPP2=y 111 | 112 | ``` 113 | 114 | Save the file 115 | 116 | Get and install dependencies 117 | 118 | ``` 119 | apt show hostapd 120 | ``` 121 | 122 | Pre-Depends: init-system-helpers (>= 1.54~) 123 | 124 | Depends: libc6 (>= 2.34), libnl-3-200 (>= 3.2.7), libnl-genl-3-200 (>= 3.2.7), libnl-route-3-200 (>= 3.2.7), libssl3 (>= 3.0.0~~alpha1), lsb-base 125 | 126 | Note: Some of the below packages may already be installed. 127 | 128 | ``` 129 | sudo apt install -y build-essential init-system-helpers libc6 lsb-base 130 | ``` 131 | 132 | ``` 133 | sudo apt install -y libnl-3-200 libnl-genl-3-200 libnl-route-3-200 134 | ``` 135 | 136 | ``` 137 | sudo apt install -y libnl-3-dev libnl-genl-3-dev libssl-dev 138 | 139 | ``` 140 | 141 | Compile hostapd: 142 | 143 | ``` 144 | make 145 | ``` 146 | 147 | Copy `hostapd_cli` and `hostapd` executable over installed executables: 148 | 149 | ``` 150 | sudo cp hostapd_cli /usr/sbin/hostapd_cli 151 | ``` 152 | 153 | ``` 154 | sudo systemctl disable hostapd 155 | ``` 156 | 157 | ``` 158 | sudo reboot 159 | ``` 160 | 161 | ``` 162 | cd ~/src/hostap/hostapd 163 | ``` 164 | 165 | ``` 166 | sudo cp hostapd /usr/sbin/hostapd 167 | ``` 168 | 169 | ``` 170 | sudo systemctl enable hostapd 171 | ``` 172 | 173 | ``` 174 | sudo reboot 175 | ``` 176 | 177 | Check: 178 | 179 | ``` 180 | hostapd -v 181 | ``` 182 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | ## USB-WiFi main menu 2 | 3 | The mission of this site is to provide educational information, reviews of USB WiFi adapters and links to specific adapters that are known to perform well with Linux ( see The Plug and Play List ). 4 | 5 | Note: Please use `Issues` to post problems, ask questions and read news. 6 | 7 | Note: The `home` directory above contains documents that are linked below but it also contains some out of date documents and some documents that are used for testing so I recommend that you limit your use to the documents that are linked below. 8 | 9 | Note: Please start by reading the first menu item, USB WiFi adapter information for Linux. 10 | 11 | 1. [USB WiFi adapter information for Linux](./home/USB_WiFi_Adapter_Information_for_Linux.md) 12 | 13 | 2. The Plug and Play List - :rocket: :rocket: :rocket: :rocket: :rocket: [USB WiFi adapters that are supported with Linux in-kernel drivers](./home/USB_WiFi_Adapters_that_are_supported_with_Linux_in-kernel_drivers.md) 14 | * [Recommended Adapters for Kali Linux](./home/Recommended_Adapters_for_Kali_Linux.md) 15 | * [Recommended Bluetooth Adapters for Linux](./home/Recommended_Bluetooth_Adapters_for_Linux.md) 16 | 17 | 3. [USB WiFi Chipset information for Linux](./home/USB_WiFi_Chipsets.md) 18 | 19 | 4. [USB WiFi adapters and Realtek `out-of-kernel` drivers](./home/USB_WiFi_Adapter_out-of-kernel_drivers_for_Linux.md) 20 | 21 | 5. [Speed Comparison Test](./home/Speed_Comparison_Test.md) 22 | 23 | 6. [Official Linux Wireless documentation](https://wireless.docs.kernel.org/en/latest/index.html) 24 | * [wireless-next repo](https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/wireless/wireless-next.git/log/) 25 | 26 | 7. [Firmware - How to install or update firmware for Mediatek and RTW88 based USB WiFi adapters](./home/How_to_Install_Firmware_for_Mediatek_based_USB_WiFi_adapters.md) 27 | 28 | 8. [AP Mode - How to build a bridged wireless access point](./home/AP_Mode/Bridged_Wireless_Access_Point.md) 29 | * [Example WiFi 6 hostapd.conf for mt7921 and mt7922 chipset based adapters and cards](./home/AP_Mode/hostapd-WiFi6.conf) 30 | * [Example WiFi 7 hostapd.conf for mt7925 chipset based adapters and cards](./home/AP_Mode/hostapd-WiFi7.conf) 31 | * [Update hostapd to the latest git](./home/AP_Mode/Upgrade_hostapd.md) 32 | 33 | 9. [Monitor Mode - Help with starting and using monitor mode](https://github.com/morrownr/Monitor_Mode) 34 | * [Using a USB Adapter in VirtualBox](./home/Using_USB_Adapter_in_VirtualBox.md) 35 | 36 | 10. [How to install multiple gcc compiler versions](./home/How_to_install_multiple_gcc_compiler_versions.md) 37 | 38 | 11. [Compiling the Linux Mainline Kernel](./home/Compiling_the_Linux_Mainline_Kernel.md) 39 | 40 | 12. [Frequently Asked Questions](./home/FAQ.md) 41 | * [USB Ports can be a source of problems with USB WiFi adapters](./home/USB_Ports.md) 42 | 43 | ----- 44 | 45 | Please report broken links or inaccurate information in any of the documents. 46 | 47 | ----- 48 | 49 | - 45,917 views sitewide (github.com/morrownr) over the 2 weeks ended on 20231221 (Thank you!) 50 | 51 | ----- 52 | 53 | Note: While this site is maintained by Linux users for Linux users, Windows users are welcome also. No, we don't intend to add support for 54 | USB WiFi adapter use on Windows but the list of adapters shown in menu item 2 contains information and links to a lot of good quality 55 | adapters that also work well in Windows...this will prove beneficial to you Windows users when you try Linux...and we know you will. 56 | 57 | ----- 58 | 59 | Any information and links you can provide are welcome. Submit the information and links by clicking on Issues. 60 | 61 | Regards, 62 | 63 | @morrownr 64 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /home/Using_USB_Adapter_in_VirtualBox.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | ## Using a USB WiFi Adapter with VirtualBox (VB) 2 | 3 | Updated: 2025-03-29 4 | 5 | Credit: Much of the information below is borrowed from Josh, an Amazon 6 | customer that bought a Panda USB WiFi adapter that uses an mt7612u 7 | chipset. This guide should apply broadly to the task of making a USB 8 | WiFi adapter work with VirtualBox (VB). 9 | 10 | This guide is intended for those who are facing issues when using an 11 | adapter with Kali as it is common for beginning Kali users to have 12 | problems if running in VB. However, the priciples in this guide should 13 | work for most Linux distros that are running in VB. 14 | 15 | USB WiFi adapters are not set up automatically in VB or in any virtual 16 | machine that I am aware of. If you are running Kali in VirtualBox from 17 | a Windows or Linux host and are experiencing problems, these are steps 18 | that should lead to a good setup: 19 | 20 | 1. Make sure you have VirtualBox and Extension Pack installed. 21 | 22 | Note: tested with VB 7.x. 23 | 24 | 2. Install the USB WiFi adapter driver in Kali if necessary. 25 | 26 | Mediatek based adapters will not require this step. Realtek WiFi 5 27 | USB WiFi adapters adapters will not require this step if using 28 | kernel 6.14 or later, with the exception of adapters based on the 29 | rtl8814au chip (the in-kernel driver for this chip is available in 30 | kernel 6.15 and later). 31 | 32 | 3. Configure USB settings: 33 | 34 | - Plug the adapter into your host system. 35 | 36 | - In Oracle VM VirtualBox Manager, select your VM. 37 | 38 | - Select Settings > USB. 39 | 40 | - Check "Enable USB Controller." 41 | 42 | - Select "USB 3.0 (xHCI) Controller" from the list, if your adapter is 43 | a USB3 capable adapter. If not a USB 3 capable adapter, select the 44 | appropriate USB Controller. 45 | 46 | - Under "USB Device Filters," add a new USB filter and choose your 47 | adapter (if your adapter uses a Mediatek chip, it should appear as 48 | something like "MediaTek Inc. Wireless"). 49 | 50 | - Click OK to apply the changes. 51 | 52 | 4. Verify the adapter connection: 53 | 54 | - Start Kali and run "ip addr" from the terminal. 55 | 56 | - You should see the adapter listed as "wlan0." Keep in mind that your 57 | adapter may be assigned a different number than 0 or, if you have turned 58 | on predictable network interface names, then your wireless interface 59 | name may be some thing like "wlx0035bc05649". 60 | 61 | ----- 62 | 63 | Further troubleshooting (if necessary): 64 | 65 | ----- 66 | 67 | Issue: If you are using Windows as the host and the adapter still doesn't 68 | appear, follow these additional steps: 69 | 70 | - Shutdown Kali and press Windows + E to open File Explorer. 71 | 72 | - Press the ALT + D shortcut and go to C:\Windows\System32\drivers. 73 | 74 | - Use the Ctrl + F shortcut to search for "vbox.sys." 75 | 76 | - If you find the five "vbox.sys" drivers with dates older than the 77 | current year, uninstall VirtualBox. Note that updating the VirtualBox 78 | doesn't always update these drivers. Your configured VMs should remain 79 | intact. 80 | 81 | - After uninstalling, delete the old "vbox.sys" drivers from the 82 | mentioned directory. 83 | 84 | - Go to Step 1: Install VirtualBox and the Extension Pack and then 85 | continue with the additional steps. 86 | 87 | - Launch Kali, and the adapter should now function correctly. 88 | 89 | ----- 90 | 91 | Issue: VM is unable to see host usb ports. 92 | 93 | On Linux user must be a member of the vboxusers group. 94 | 95 | To determine if you are a member of the vboxusers group, run: 96 | 97 | ``` 98 | group username 99 | ``` 100 | 101 | Replace username with your username. 102 | 103 | To add your username to the vboxusers group, run: 104 | 105 | ``` 106 | sudo usermod -aG vboxusers username 107 | ``` 108 | 109 | Replace username with your username. 110 | 111 | Shutdown VM and reboot host system. 112 | 113 | You should now be able to configure a new USB filter as per 114 | Step 3 above. 115 | 116 | ----- 117 | 118 | If you have ideas to improve this guide, please post in `Issues` or post a Pull Request. 119 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /home/USB_WiFi_Adapter_out-of-kernel_drivers_for_Linux.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | ## USB WiFi adapters and Realtek `out-of-kernel` drivers (the path formward) 2 | 3 | Important: Starting with WiFi 7 drivers, all Linux WiFi drivers must be Linux Standards Compliant (mac80211). Code has been merged into the Linux kernel to prevent WiFi 7 drivers that are not standards compliant from working. I view this as a very good thing and hope it prompts Realtek to develop and maintain standards compliant USB drivers. Mediatek released their WiFi 7 mt7925e chip during mid-2024 and cards were on the market shortly thereafter. The first mt7925u based USB WiFi adapter was released in July 0f 2025 by Netgear. It is called the A9000 and is shown in The Plug and Play List. The standards compliant mt7925e and mt7925u drivers were merged into Linux kernel 6.7 in early 2024. I have an M.2 card based on the mt7925 chip that works well and I now have a Netgear A9000 that I am testing. 4 | 5 | At this time, 2025-09-07, my overall recommendation for WiFi 6 and WiFi 7 is to seek out adapters and modules based on Mediatek chips. See the Plug and Play List. This recommendation may be ammended over the next few months as additional standards compliant, in-kernel drivers make their way into the kernel. 6 | 7 | WiFi 5 Status: During 2024, a major effort was undertaken to eliminate the need for the Realtek WiFi 5 out-of-kernel drivers. The Realtek out-of-kernel USB drivers are not good for general public use so an effort was started to write new and enhance existing WiFi 5 drivers that are standards compliant and will be maintained in the Linux mainline kernel. This effort was started by Larry Finger, Bitterblue Smith and Nick Morrow. Larry Finger passed away in May of 2024 but we pressed on. Many enhancements had to be made to the existing rtw88 USB drivers and along the way, new drivers for the rtl8812au, rtl8821/11au and rtl8814au chips were written. The rtl8812au and rtl8821/11au drivers were merged into kernel 6.14. The rtl8814au driver was merged into kernel 6.16. 8 | 9 | If you are interested in helping test and make the rtw88 WiFi 5 drivers better, please proceed to the following site: 10 | 11 | https://github.com/lwfinger/rtw88 12 | 13 | Note: If you want to use the new drivers for rtl8812au and rtl8821/11au (kernel 6.14) or the new driver for rtl8814au (kernel 6.16) on kernels that are earlier than the ones where support started, the above repo above is your best option. 14 | 15 | The overall list of USB WiFi 5 chipsets that are supported: 16 | 17 | ``` 18 | USB : RTW8814AU, RTW8812AU, RTW8821AU, RTW8811AU, RTW8822BU, RTW8812BU 19 | USB : RTW8822CU, RTW8812CU, RTW8821CU, RTW8811CU, RTW8723DU 20 | ``` 21 | 22 | Given this news, my plan is to discontinue maintenance on the Realtek WiFi 5 out-of-kernel drivers maintained at this site with kernel 6.14. 23 | 24 | WiFi 6 and 7 Status: Early in 2025, a major effort was undertaken to eliminate the need for the Realtek WiFi 6 out-of-kernel drivers and to add a WiFi 7 driver. The Realtek out-of-kernel USB drivers are not good for general public use so an effort was started to write new WiFi 6 drivers that are standards compliant and will be maintained in the Linux mainline kernel. This effort was started by Bitterblue Smith. The rtl8851bu and rtl8852bu drivers were merged into kernel 6.17 with plans for rtl8852au, rtl8852cu and rtl8922au in action. 25 | 26 | If you are interested in helping test and make the rtw89 WiFi 6 and 7 drivers better, please proceed to the following site: 27 | 28 | [https://github.com/lwfinger/rtw88](https://github.com/morrownr/rtw89) 29 | 30 | Note: If you want to use the new drivers for rtl8851bu and rtl852bu (kernel 6.17) on kernels that are earlier than the ones where support started, the above repo above is your best option. 31 | 32 | Given this news, my plan is to discontinue maintenance on the Realtek WiFi 6 rtl8852/32bu driver with kernel 6.16. No plan for discontonuing support for the rtl8852/32cu is planned for now. 33 | 34 | ----- 35 | 36 | The following Realtek WiFi 6 drivers are maintained at this site. They are not standards compliant but this is all that we had until the above repo came online this year: 37 | 38 | rtl8852/32bu : https://github.com/morrownr/rtl8852bu-20240418 39 | 40 | rtl8852/32cu : https://github.com/morrownr/rtl8852cu-20240510 41 | 42 | Regards and enjoy your wifi, 43 | 44 | @morrownr 45 | 46 | 47 | 48 | 49 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /home/On_Hold.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2 | ## Not recommended 3 | 4 | 5 | ### Stop! 6 | 7 | The adapters below this line were removed from the list either due to an 8 | ongoing issue that has to do with the Bluetooth stack or because of lack 9 | of availability. The adapters may be returned to the list if and when the 10 | issue is resolved. 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | ``` 15 | >================================< 16 | >=====> ALFA AWUS036AXML <=====< 17 | >================================< 18 | ``` 19 | 20 | ![image](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/69053122/214129007-b58bd915-57e2-4465-afc5-37ae1a0c80a2.png) 21 | 22 | 23 | ``` 24 | Note: This adapter is a single-state adapter. 25 | Note: This adapter uses the mt7921aun chipset. 26 | Note: This adapter uses the standard Mediatek device ID (VID/PID): ID 0e8d:7961 27 | Note: Oldest LTS kernel that supports this adapter: kernel 6.1 28 | ``` 29 | 30 | Rokland - 80 USD - [ALFA AWUS036AXML 802.11ax WiFi 6 1800 mbps Tri Band WiFi USB Adapter w Bluetooth](https://store.rokland.com/collections/wifi-6-6e/products/alfa-awus036axml-802-11ax-wifi-6-1800-mbps-tri-band-wifi-usb-adapter-w-bluetooth) 31 | 32 | Video 1 - [Video from Rokland](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KkcKSuGn4gw) 33 | 34 | Video 2 - [Video from Rokland](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_PcuRDY4Jic) 35 | 36 | [ALFA AWUS036AXML Driver & Support Page](https://store.rokland.com/pages/alfa-awus036axml-driver-support-page) 37 | 38 | Amazon - 80 USD - [ALFA AWUS036AXML 802.11axe WiFi 6E USB 3.0 Adapter AXE3000, Tri Band 6 GHz, Gigabit Speed up to 3Gbps](https://www.amazon.com/ALFA-AWUS036AXML-802-11axe-Adapter-AXE3000/dp/B0BY8GMW32) 39 | 40 | ebay - 80 USD - [ALFA AWUS036AXML 802.11axe WiFi 6E USB 3.0 Adapter AXE3000, Tri Band 6 GHz](https://www.ebay.com/itm/134613987799) 41 | 42 | Varia - 47 plus shipping EUR - [AWUS036AXML - WiFi 6+BT5.2 , 2x2, WLAN USB adapter](https://www.varia-store.com/en/suche/search-AWUS036AXML.html) 43 | 44 | Please help me to add additional links to sellers of this adapter around the world. 45 | 46 | Note: Contact [Alfa](https://www.alfa.com.tw/) for information about Alfa dealers near you. 47 | 48 | Review of user comments by @morrownr : User reports so far are positive with the exception of one user finding a driver error in AP mode but he has submitted a PATCH to correct the situation. One of the advantages this adapter and the Alfa AXM adapter has over the other listed adapters in this section is that it has removable antennas which allow users to install directional antennas for longer range if so desired. Rokland keeps directional antennas for this adapter in stock. This adapter also appears to have no thermal issues at all and it has a VERY NICE extension cable that can plug into USB3-A and USB3-C ports. 49 | 50 | 51 | ``` 52 | >================================< 53 | >=====> ALFA AWUS036AXM <=======< 54 | >================================< 55 | ``` 56 | 57 | ![image](https://github.com/morrownr/USB-WiFi/assets/69053122/0b5c04bf-28cf-47f2-8dba-dd168b8fe27d) 58 | 59 | ``` 60 | Note: Single-state (no windows driver onboard, wifi only adapter. 61 | Note: Uses the mt7921au chipset. 62 | Note: Uses the standard Mediatek device ID (VID/PID) for the mt7921au chipset: ID 0e8d:7961 63 | Note: Oldest kernel that supports this adapter: 5.18 64 | Note: Oldest LTS kernel that supports this adapter: kernel 6.1 65 | Note: Recommended kernel: 6.6 or later 66 | Note: Supported interface modes with recommended kernel: 67 | * managed 68 | * AP 69 | * AP/VLAN 70 | * monitor 71 | * P2P-client 72 | * P2P-GO 73 | Note: Removable antennas. 74 | ``` 75 | 76 | Rokland - 59 USD - [ALFA AWUS036AXM WiFi 6E 3000 mbps Tri Band 2.4/5/6 GHz WiFi USB Adapter](https://store.rokland.com/collections/wifi-6-6e/products/alfa-awus036axm-wifi-6e-3000-mbps-tri-band-2-4-5-6-ghz-wifi-usb-adapter) 77 | 78 | Varia - 33 plus shipping EUR - [ALFA AWUS036AXM WiFi 6/6E, 2x2 Tri-band](https://www.varia-store.com/en/suche/search-ALFA%20AWUS036AXM.html) 79 | 80 | Please help me to add additional links to sellers of this adapter around the world. 81 | 82 | Review: Pending. If you have this adapter, please submit a review. 83 | 84 | ``` 85 | >============================< 86 | >====> ALFA AWUS036ACU <====< 87 | >============================< 88 | ``` 89 | 90 | ![image](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/69053122/218380076-23fdfcc2-ec1c-4037-bed0-a0b24d3d7a7b.png) 91 | 92 | Rokland - 22 USD - [ALFA AWUS036ACU (single-state, single-function)](https://store.rokland.com/collections/802-11ac-wi-fi-clients-receivers/products/alfa-awus036acu-802-11ac-ac1200-dual-band-wifi-usb-dongle-rp-sma-antennas) 93 | 94 | Review by @morrownr : I now have this adapter. My thoughts: This adapter is much smaller than most "football goal" style adapters and it is stylish (cute). The quality appears to be above average. It is showing an average of 525 Mbps in managed mode testing with iperf3. Testing was accomplish on channel 100 DFS (no other APs on the channel) and distance of about 10 meters with 3 walls. Extended iperf3 testing results is less than average heat buildup and the single most impressive thing is the range. This is not called a "High "Power" or "Max Power" adapter as Alfa likes to call its extended range adapters, but it has excellent range. So far, this adapter has exceeded my expectations. Antennas are removable. No extension cable/stand is included. 95 | 96 | Overall: If you are looking for a rtl8812bu based adapter that has good performance and excellent range, this adapter should be work well for you. 97 | 98 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /home/Compiling_the_Linux_Mainline_Kernel.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | ## Compiling the Linux Kernel 2 | 3 | Purpose: Facilitate Activating, Testing or Patching in-kernel Drivers 4 | 5 | Maintained by @morrownr 6 | 7 | 2023-02-20 8 | 9 | ### Prerequisites 10 | 11 | 1. A system running Linux (only Ubuntu is tested). 12 | 1. Access to the terminal/command line. 13 | 1. A user account with sudo/root privileges. 14 | 1. 12GB of available space on the hard drive. 15 | 16 | > [!NOTE] 17 | > This checklist has only been tested on Ubuntu 22.10 but will likely work, possibly with minor modifications, on numerous distros. 18 | > However you should check with your distro documentation or user support forums to confirm. 19 | 20 | ### Step 1: Download Source Code 21 | 22 | 1. Download the Source Code tarball from . 23 | For example, when downloading version 6.2 of the kernel one would download `linux-6.2.tar.xz`. 24 | 1. `cd` into the directory where the source code was downloaded. 25 | For example, if downloaded into `~/Downloads` then run `cd ~/Downloads`. 26 | 1. Extract the Source Code: 27 | 28 | ``` shell 29 | tar xvf linux-6.2.tar.xz 30 | ``` 31 | 32 | ### Step 2: Install Dependencies 33 | 34 | Install build dependencies. 35 | For Debian-based distros such as Ubuntu, this can be done by running: 36 | 37 | ``` shell 38 | sudo apt install git fakeroot build-essential ncurses-dev xz-utils libssl-dev bc flex libelf-dev bison 39 | ``` 40 | 41 | ### Step 3: Configure the Kernel 42 | 43 | > [!NOTE] 44 | > You may want to research this topic so as to have a better understanding of what this short guide provides. 45 | 46 | 1. Navigate to directory where the source code was extracted, e.g. `cd linux-6.2`. 47 | 1. Copy the existing configuration file: 48 | 49 | ``` shell 50 | cp -v /boot/config-$(uname -r) .config 51 | ``` 52 | 53 | 1. Make changes to the configuration file. 54 | 55 | 1. Run make: 56 | 57 | ``` shell 58 | make menuconfig 59 | ``` 60 | 61 | The command launches several scripts that open the configuration menu. 62 | 63 | The configuration menu includes options such as firmware, file system, network, and memory settings. 64 | Use the arrows to make a selection or choose Help to learn more about the options. 65 | When you finish making the changes, select Save, and then exit the menu. 66 | 67 | 1. For example: 68 | To turn on support for the rtl8822bu, rtl8812bu, rtl8821cu and rtl8811cu chipsets, select 8822BU and 8821CU per the example below: 69 | 70 | ``` text 71 | Device Drivers ---> 72 | 73 | -*- Network device support ---> 74 | 75 | [*] Wireless LAN ---> 76 | 77 | Realtek 802.11ac wireless chips support ---> 78 | 79 | --- Realtek 802.11ac wireless chips support 80 | Realtek 8822BE PCI wireless network adapter 81 | < > Realtek 8822BU USB wireless network adapter (NEW) 82 | Realtek 8822CE PCI wireless network adapter 83 | < > Realtek 8822CU USB wireless network adapter (NEW) 84 | Realtek 8723DE PCI wireless network adapter 85 | < > Realtek 8723DU USB wireless network adapter (NEW) 86 | Realtek 8821CE PCI wireless network adapter 87 | < > Realtek 8821CU USB wireless network adapter (NEW) 88 | ``` 89 | 90 | In the section above, there are 4 new drivers that will not compile unless you select them. 91 | Once finished, select Save, and then exit the menu. 92 | 93 | 1. Prevent errors related to certs. 94 | 95 | If you are compiling the kernel on Ubuntu or on any distros based on Ubuntu, you may receive the following error that interrupts the building process: 96 | 97 | > No rule to make target debian/canonical-certs.pem 98 | 99 | To prevent the above problem, disable the conflicting security certificates by executing the two commands below: 100 | 101 | 1. `scripts/config --disable SYSTEM_TRUSTED_KEYS` 102 | 1. `scripts/config --disable SYSTEM_REVOCATION_KEYS` 103 | 104 | 1. Now is the time to patch any files if you are going to test. 105 | 106 | 1. Compile the kernel: 107 | 108 | ``` shell 109 | make -j$(nproc) 110 | ``` 111 | 112 | The process of compiling the Linux kernel takes some time to complete. 113 | 114 | > [!TIP] 115 | > If the compile stops, make selections or take the default and hit Enter until compiling starts again (this is related new stuff and the cert stuff above). 116 | 117 | 1. Install the required modules: 118 | 119 | ``` shell 120 | sudo make modules_install 121 | ``` 122 | 123 | 1. Install the kernel: 124 | 125 | ``` shell 126 | sudo make install 127 | ``` 128 | 129 | 1. Reboot and check kernel: 130 | 131 | ``` shell 132 | uname -r 133 | ``` 134 | 135 | ### Step 4 (Optional): Uninstalling a Kernel Installed from Source 136 | 137 | To uninstall a kernel that had been installed from source, run the following commands. 138 | In each command, replace `${kernel_version}` with the version you want to remove, e.g. `6.2`. 139 | 140 | 1. `sudo rm -rf /lib/modules/${kernel_version}` 141 | 1. `sudo rm -f /boot/vmlinuz-${kernel_version}*` 142 | 1. `sudo rm -f /boot/initrd.img-${kernel_version}*` 143 | 1. `sudo rm -f /boot/config-${kernel_version}*` 144 | 1. `sudo rm -f /boot/System.map-${kernel_version}*` 145 | 1. Update the GRUB menu to remove the outdated entry: `sudo update-grub` 146 | 147 | ----- 148 | 149 | Happy compiling! 150 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /home/iw_list/Ralink RT5370: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2024-03-06 2 | 3 | Chipset : Ralink RT5370 4 | 5 | ----- 6 | 7 | Kernel : 6.6 8 | 9 | ----- 10 | 11 | $ lsusb : ID 148f:5370 Ralink Technology, Corp. RT5370 Wireless Adapter 12 | 13 | ----- 14 | 15 | $ iw list : 16 | 17 | Wiphy phy2 18 | wiphy index: 2 19 | max # scan SSIDs: 4 20 | max scan IEs length: 2257 bytes 21 | max # sched scan SSIDs: 0 22 | max # match sets: 0 23 | Retry short long limit: 2 24 | Coverage class: 0 (up to 0m) 25 | Device supports RSN-IBSS. 26 | Supported Ciphers: 27 | * WEP40 (00-0f-ac:1) 28 | * WEP104 (00-0f-ac:5) 29 | * TKIP (00-0f-ac:2) 30 | * CCMP-128 (00-0f-ac:4) 31 | * CCMP-256 (00-0f-ac:10) 32 | * GCMP-128 (00-0f-ac:8) 33 | * GCMP-256 (00-0f-ac:9) 34 | * CMAC (00-0f-ac:6) 35 | * CMAC-256 (00-0f-ac:13) 36 | * GMAC-128 (00-0f-ac:11) 37 | * GMAC-256 (00-0f-ac:12) 38 | Available Antennas: TX 0 RX 0 39 | Supported interface modes: 40 | * IBSS 41 | * managed 42 | * AP 43 | * AP/VLAN 44 | * monitor 45 | * mesh point 46 | Band 1: 47 | Capabilities: 0x17e 48 | HT20/HT40 49 | SM Power Save disabled 50 | RX Greenfield 51 | RX HT20 SGI 52 | RX HT40 SGI 53 | RX STBC 1-stream 54 | Max AMSDU length: 3839 bytes 55 | No DSSS/CCK HT40 56 | Maximum RX AMPDU length 32767 bytes (exponent: 0x002) 57 | Minimum RX AMPDU time spacing: 2 usec (0x04) 58 | HT TX/RX MCS rate indexes supported: 0-7, 32 59 | Bitrates (non-HT): 60 | * 1.0 Mbps 61 | * 2.0 Mbps (short preamble supported) 62 | * 5.5 Mbps (short preamble supported) 63 | * 11.0 Mbps (short preamble supported) 64 | * 6.0 Mbps 65 | * 9.0 Mbps 66 | * 12.0 Mbps 67 | * 18.0 Mbps 68 | * 24.0 Mbps 69 | * 36.0 Mbps 70 | * 48.0 Mbps 71 | * 54.0 Mbps 72 | Frequencies: 73 | * 2412 MHz [1] (30.0 dBm) 74 | * 2417 MHz [2] (30.0 dBm) 75 | * 2422 MHz [3] (30.0 dBm) 76 | * 2427 MHz [4] (30.0 dBm) 77 | * 2432 MHz [5] (30.0 dBm) 78 | * 2437 MHz [6] (30.0 dBm) 79 | * 2442 MHz [7] (30.0 dBm) 80 | * 2447 MHz [8] (30.0 dBm) 81 | * 2452 MHz [9] (30.0 dBm) 82 | * 2457 MHz [10] (30.0 dBm) 83 | * 2462 MHz [11] (30.0 dBm) 84 | * 2467 MHz [12] (disabled) 85 | * 2472 MHz [13] (disabled) 86 | * 2484 MHz [14] (disabled) 87 | Supported commands: 88 | * new_interface 89 | * set_interface 90 | * new_key 91 | * start_ap 92 | * new_station 93 | * new_mpath 94 | * set_mesh_config 95 | * set_bss 96 | * authenticate 97 | * associate 98 | * deauthenticate 99 | * disassociate 100 | * join_ibss 101 | * join_mesh 102 | * remain_on_channel 103 | * set_tx_bitrate_mask 104 | * frame 105 | * frame_wait_cancel 106 | * set_wiphy_netns 107 | * set_channel 108 | * probe_client 109 | * set_noack_map 110 | * register_beacons 111 | * start_p2p_device 112 | * set_mcast_rate 113 | * connect 114 | * disconnect 115 | * set_qos_map 116 | * set_multicast_to_unicast 117 | software interface modes (can always be added): 118 | * AP/VLAN 119 | * monitor 120 | valid interface combinations: 121 | * #{ AP, mesh point } <= 8, 122 | total <= 8, #channels <= 1 123 | HT Capability overrides: 124 | * MCS: ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff 125 | * maximum A-MSDU length 126 | * supported channel width 127 | * short GI for 40 MHz 128 | * max A-MPDU length exponent 129 | * min MPDU start spacing 130 | Device supports TX status socket option. 131 | Device supports HT-IBSS. 132 | Device supports SAE with AUTHENTICATE command 133 | Device supports low priority scan. 134 | Device supports scan flush. 135 | Device supports AP scan. 136 | Device supports per-vif TX power setting 137 | Driver supports full state transitions for AP/GO clients 138 | Driver supports a userspace MPM 139 | Device supports configuring vdev MAC-addr on create. 140 | max # scan plans: 1 141 | max scan plan interval: -1 142 | max scan plan iterations: 0 143 | Supported TX frame types: 144 | * IBSS: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 145 | * managed: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 146 | * AP: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 147 | * AP/VLAN: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 148 | * mesh point: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 149 | * P2P-client: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 150 | * P2P-GO: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 151 | * P2P-device: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 152 | Supported RX frame types: 153 | * IBSS: 0x40 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 154 | * managed: 0x40 0xb0 0xd0 155 | * AP: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 156 | * AP/VLAN: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 157 | * mesh point: 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 158 | * P2P-client: 0x40 0xd0 159 | * P2P-GO: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 160 | * P2P-device: 0x40 0xd0 161 | Supported extended features: 162 | * [ RRM ]: RRM 163 | * [ FILS_STA ]: STA FILS (Fast Initial Link Setup) 164 | * [ CQM_RSSI_LIST ]: multiple CQM_RSSI_THOLD records 165 | * [ CONTROL_PORT_OVER_NL80211 ]: control port over nl80211 166 | * [ TXQS ]: FQ-CoDel-enabled intermediate TXQs 167 | * [ SCAN_RANDOM_SN ]: use random sequence numbers in scans 168 | * [ SCAN_MIN_PREQ_CONTENT ]: use probe request with only rate IEs in scans 169 | * [ CONTROL_PORT_NO_PREAUTH ]: disable pre-auth over nl80211 control port support 170 | * [ DEL_IBSS_STA ]: deletion of IBSS station support 171 | * [ SCAN_FREQ_KHZ ]: scan on kHz frequency support 172 | * [ CONTROL_PORT_OVER_NL80211_TX_STATUS ]: tx status for nl80211 control port support 173 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /home/How_to_Modeswitch.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | ## How to Modeswitch 2 | 3 | See also: https://www.draisberghof.de/usb_modeswitch 4 | 5 | Purpose: Provide information on how to troubleshoot issues with 6 | USB WiFi adapters that have on board storage for a Windows 7 | driver (also known as multi-state). 8 | 9 | Note: This guide needs to be greatly improved. I will try to do that as I 10 | have time. My guidance is for Linux users to avoid USB WiFi adapters that 11 | are multi-state but there are many Linux users around the world and not 12 | all are aware of the problems that multi-state adapters can cause. 13 | 14 | "Multi-state" adapters will initially show up as a CDROM or flash drive when 15 | your system is start or the adapter is plugged into a USB port. If you run 16 | Windows, there will an attempt to install a driver. In any OS besides Windows, 17 | the adapter will continue to be seen as a CDROM or flash drive and no driver 18 | will be installed. For the WiFi adapter to show up in Linux, the adapter has 19 | to be told to switch state. 20 | 21 | Most mainsteam distros of Linux include a utility called `usb-modeswitch`. It 22 | will execute the switch for you if it has the information about your adapter 23 | in its data files. If it is not installed or the data for your adapter is 24 | not in its data files then hopefully this guide can help. 25 | 26 | Note: To clarify, almost all modern, mainstream distros, such as Ubuntu, Fedora, 27 | Debian, OpenSUSE and Arch do not require you to do anything. `usb-modeswitch` is 28 | installed and set up and works automatically. However, not all distros are updated 29 | in a timely manner and new adapters are released so if you find yourself in a 30 | situation where plugging in a usb wifi adapter gives you nothing more than a 31 | flashdrive or CDROM on your desktop, you may have a multi-state adapter on your 32 | hands and you may need to install or update `usb-modeswitch`. 33 | 34 | Note: 35 | 36 | There are multiple sections for different adapters below. You need to scroll down 37 | to see if your adapter is listed. 38 | 39 | Note: It seems that COMFAST uses the same setup for all of the adapters that it 40 | makes that are multi-state so if you don't see your COMFAST adapter listed, try 41 | the instructions for the CF-WU782AC. 42 | 43 | ----- 44 | 45 | 2021-04-20 46 | 47 | For: COMFAST CF-WU782AC USB WiFi adapter 48 | 49 | For: COMFAST CF-WU785AC USB WiFi adapter 50 | 51 | For: TEROW_ROW02FD USB WiFi adapter 52 | 53 | ``` 54 | Ensure usb-modeswitch is installed 55 | 56 | $ sudo apt install usb-modeswitch usb-modeswitch-data 57 | 58 | 59 | Execute usb-modeswitch in a terminal to see if it works 60 | 61 | $ sudo usb_modeswitch -K -W -v 0e8d -p 2870 62 | 63 | 64 | If successful, set it up to run automatically 65 | 66 | edit the following file 67 | 68 | $ sudo nano /lib/udev/rules.d/40-usb_modeswitch.rules 69 | 70 | below the following line 71 | 72 | SUBSYSTEM!="usb", ACTION!="add",, GOTO="modeswitch_rules_end" 73 | 74 | add two lines 75 | 76 | # COMFAST CF-WU782AC WiFi Dongle, TEROW ROW02FD WiFi Dongle, COMFAST CF-WU785AC WiFi Dongle 77 | ATTR{idVendor}=="0e8d", ATTR{idProduct}=="2870", RUN+="usb_modeswitch '/%k'" 78 | 79 | save the file ( Ctrl + x, y, Enter ) 80 | 81 | create the file /usr/share/usb_modeswitch/0e8d:2870 82 | 83 | $ sudo nano /usr/share/usb_modeswitch/0e8d:2870 84 | 85 | put the following inside: 86 | 87 | # COMFAST CF-WU782AC WiFi Dongle, TEROW ROW02FD WiFi Dongle, COMFAST CF-WU785AC WiFi Dongle 88 | TargetVendor=0x0e8d 89 | TargetProductList="7612" 90 | StandardEject=1 91 | 92 | save the file ( Ctrl + x, y, Enter ) and reboot 93 | ``` 94 | 95 | ----- 96 | 97 | 2022-05-29 98 | 99 | For: Techkey 5B12/5B10 (this may work for numerous adapters that use Realtek 8811cu chipsets) 100 | 101 | ``` 102 | Ensure usb-modeswitch is installed 103 | 104 | $ sudo apt install usb-modeswitch usb-modeswitch-data 105 | 106 | 107 | Execute usb-modeswitch in a terminal to see if it works 108 | 109 | $ sudo usb_modeswitch -K -W -v 0bda -p 1a2b 110 | 111 | 112 | If successful, set it up to run automatically 113 | 114 | edit the following file 115 | 116 | $ sudo nano /lib/udev/rules.d/40-usb_modeswitch.rules 117 | 118 | below the following line 119 | 120 | SUBSYSTEM!="usb", ACTION!="add",, GOTO="modeswitch_rules_end" 121 | 122 | add two lines 123 | 124 | # Techkey 5B12/5B10 125 | ATTR{idVendor}=="0bda", ATTR{idProduct}=="1a2b", RUN+="/usr/sbin/usb_modeswitch -K -v 0bda -p 1a2b" 126 | 127 | save the file ( Ctrl + x, y, Enter ) and reboot 128 | ``` 129 | 130 | ----- 131 | 132 | 2022-12-04 133 | 134 | ``` 135 | For: D-Link DWA-X1850 136 | For: Alfa AWUS036AXER 137 | 138 | Ensure usb-modeswitch is installed 139 | 140 | $ sudo apt install usb-modeswitch usb-modeswitch-data 141 | 142 | 143 | Execute usb-modeswitch in a terminal to see if it works 144 | 145 | $ sudo usb_modeswitch -K -W -v 0bda -p 1a2b 146 | 147 | 148 | If successful, set it up to run automatically 149 | 150 | edit the following file 151 | 152 | $ sudo nano /lib/udev/rules.d/40-usb_modeswitch.rules 153 | 154 | below the following line 155 | 156 | SUBSYSTEM!="usb", ACTION!="add",, GOTO="modeswitch_rules_end" 157 | 158 | add two lines 159 | 160 | # D-Link DWA-X1850 USB WiFi Adapter , Alfa AWUS036AXER USB WiFi Adapter 161 | ATTR{idVendor}=="0bda", ATTR{idProduct}=="1a2b", RUN+="usb_modeswitch '/%k'" 162 | 163 | save the file ( Ctrl + x, y, Enter ) 164 | 165 | create the file /usr/share/usb_modeswitch/0bda:1a2b 166 | 167 | $ sudo nano /usr/share/usb_modeswitch/0bda:1a2b 168 | 169 | put the following inside: 170 | 171 | # D-Link DWA-X1850 USB WiFi Adapter , Alfa AWUS036AXER USB WiFi Adapter 172 | TargetVendor=0x0bda 173 | TargetProductList="8852" 174 | StandardEject=1 175 | 176 | save the file ( Ctrl + x, y, Enter ) and reboot 177 | ``` 178 | 179 | ----- 180 | 181 | How to deactivate usb_modeswitch: 182 | 183 | ``` 184 | sudo nano /etc/usb_modeswitch.conf 185 | ``` 186 | 187 | Change 188 | ``` 189 | DisableSwitching=0 190 | ``` 191 | 192 | to 193 | 194 | ``` 195 | DisableSwitching=1 196 | ``` 197 | 198 | ``` 199 | sudo reboot 200 | ``` 201 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /home/AP_Mode/hostapd-WiFi5.conf: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # /etc/hostapd/hostapd-WiFi5.conf 2 | # Documentation: https://w1.fi/cgit/hostap/plain/hostapd/hostapd.conf 3 | # 2024-07-25 4 | # Status: stable 5 | # Note: This hostapd.conf file is for WiFi 5 using band 2 (5 GHz). 6 | 7 | # Purpose: hostapd.conf example for WiFi 5 configuration 8 | # - this file covers numerous chipsets and USB WiFi adapters 9 | # - is tested on RasPi4B with 64 bit RasPiOS, 2024-07-04 and later 10 | # - improvements are welcome 11 | 12 | # SSID 13 | ssid=myPI-WiFi5 14 | # PASSPHRASE 15 | wpa_passphrase=myPW1234 16 | # Band: a = 5GHz & 6GHz (a/n/ac/ax), g = 2Ghz (b/g/n) 17 | hw_mode=a 18 | # Channel availability varies by country 19 | # https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_WLAN_channels 20 | # US: 21 | # 5 GHz ((36(42) and 149(155)) 22 | # 5 GHz DFS ((52(58), 100(106), 116(122), 132(138)) 23 | # Channel 24 | channel=36 25 | # Country code 26 | # https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_3166-1_alpha-2 27 | country_code=US 28 | # Advertises the country_code and the set of allowed channels and transmit power levels 29 | ieee80211d=1 30 | # Enables support for 5GHz DFS channels if supported (requires ieee80211d=1) 31 | #ieee80211h=1 32 | # Set hostapd driver (nl80211 is used with all Linux mac80211 (in-kernel) and modern Realtek drivers) 33 | driver=nl80211 34 | # Bridge interface 35 | bridge=br0 36 | # WiFi interface (wlan0 should be changed to your interface name) 37 | interface=wlan0 38 | 39 | # hostapd event logger configuration 40 | # 41 | # Module bitfield (ORed bitfield of modules that will be logged; -1 = all 42 | # modules): 43 | # bit 0 (1) = IEEE 802.11 44 | # bit 1 (2) = IEEE 802.1X 45 | # bit 2 (4) = RADIUS 46 | # bit 3 (8) = WPA 47 | # bit 4 (16) = driver interface 48 | # bit 6 (64) = MLME 49 | # 50 | # Levels (minimum value for logged events): 51 | # 0 = verbose debugging 52 | # 1 = debugging 53 | # 2 = informational messages 54 | # 3 = notification 55 | # 4 = warning 56 | # 57 | logger_syslog=1 58 | logger_syslog_level=2 59 | # 60 | # Control interface 61 | ctrl_interface=/var/run/hostapd 62 | ctrl_interface_group=0 63 | 64 | # Various settings 65 | #beacon_int=100 66 | #dtim_period=2 67 | #max_num_sta=32 68 | #rts_threshold=2347 69 | #fragm_threshold=2346 70 | #send_probe_response=1 71 | 72 | # Security 73 | # authentication algorithms (3 = both are allowed, use 3 for SAE) 74 | auth_algs=3 75 | # MAC address -based authentication (0 = accept unless in deny list) 76 | macaddr_acl=0 77 | # hidden SSID (1 = hidden) 78 | ignore_broadcast_ssid=0 79 | # Opportunistic Key Caching (1 = enabled) 80 | okc=1 81 | # Enable WPA. (2 is required for WPA2, mixed and WPA3) 82 | wpa=2 83 | # Pairwise cipher 84 | wpa_pairwise=CCMP CCMP-256 85 | rsn_pairwise=CCMP CCMP-256 86 | # 87 | # Activate only one of the following 3 sections 88 | # 89 | # 1. WPA2 Personal 90 | #wpa_key_mgmt=WPA-PSK WPA-PSK-SHA256 91 | # 92 | # 2. WPA2/WPA3 Transitional (mixed) 93 | wpa_key_mgmt=SAE WPA-PSK WPA-PSK-SHA256 94 | ieee80211w=1 95 | sae_require_mfp=1 96 | # 97 | # 3. WPA3 Personal (required for WiFi 6e - 6 GHz) 98 | #wpa_key_mgmt=SAE 99 | #ieee80211w=2 100 | 101 | # IEEE 802.11n (WiFi 4) band 2, 5 GHz configuration 102 | ieee80211n=1 103 | wmm_enabled=1 104 | ht_coex=0 105 | # 106 | # generic setting - 20 MHz channel width 107 | #ht_capab=[SHORT-GI-20] 108 | # 109 | # generic setting - 40 MHz channel width (if allowed) 110 | #ht_capab=[HT40+][HT40-][SHORT-GI-20][SHORT-GI-40] 111 | # 112 | # mediatek chipsets 113 | # mt7612u - mt7610u 114 | #ht_capab=[HT40+][HT40-][GF][SHORT-GI-20][SHORT-GI-40] 115 | # 116 | # realtek chipsets (vendor driver) 117 | # rtl8812au - rtl8811au - rtl8811cu 118 | #ht_capab=[HT40+][HT40-][SHORT-GI-20][SHORT-GI-40][MAX-AMSDU-7935] 119 | # rtl8812bu 120 | #ht_capab=[LDPC][HT40+][HT40-][SHORT-GI-20][SHORT-GI-40][MAX-AMSDU-7935] 121 | # rtl8814au 122 | #ht_capab=[LDPC][HT40+][HT40-][SHORT-GI-20][SHORT-GI-40][MAX-AMSDU-7935][DSSS_CCK-40] 123 | # 124 | # rtw88 driver 125 | # band 2: rtw88 rtl8811au rtl8811cu 126 | # HT Capabilities: 0x196e 127 | # HT20/HT40 128 | # SM Power Save disabled 129 | # RX HT20 SGI 130 | # RX HT40 SGI 131 | # RX STBC 1-stream 132 | # Max AMSDU length: 7935 bytes 133 | # DSSS/CCK HT40 134 | #ht_capab=[HT40+][HT40-][SHORT-GI-20][SHORT-GI-40][RX-STBC1][MAX-AMSDU-7935][DSSS_CCK-40] 135 | # rtw88 rtl8812au 136 | ht_capab=[HT40+][HT40-][SHORT-GI-20][SHORT-GI-40][MAX-AMSDU-7935] 137 | 138 | # IEEE 802.11ac (WiFi 5) configuration 139 | ieee80211ac=1 140 | # Channel width (0 = 40 MHz. 1 = 80 Mhz) 141 | vht_oper_chwidth=1 142 | # VHT center channel (chan + 6) 143 | vht_oper_centr_freq_seg0_idx=42 144 | # 145 | # generic setting 146 | #vht_capab=[SHORT-GI-80] 147 | # 148 | # mt7610u 149 | #vht_capab=[SHORT-GI-80][MAX-A-MPDU-LEN-EXP3][RX-ANTENNA-PATTERN][TX-ANTENNA-PATTERN] 150 | # mt7612u 151 | #vht_capab=[RXLDPC][SHORT-GI-80][TX-STBC-2BY1][RX-STBC-1][MAX-A-MPDU-LEN-EXP3][RX-ANTENNA-PATTERN][TX-ANTENNA-PATTERN] 152 | # mt7921au (VHT Cap. 339071b2) 153 | #vht_capab=[MAX-MPDU-11454][RXLDPC][SHORT-GI-80][TX-STBC-2BY1][RX-STBC-1][SU-BEAMFORMEE][BF-ANTENNA-4][MAX-A-MPDU-LEN-EXP7][RX-ANTENNA-PATTERN][TX-ANTENNA-PATTERN] 154 | # 155 | # realtek chipsets (vendor driver) 156 | # rtl8812au - rtl8812bu 157 | #vht_capab=[MAX-MPDU-11454][SHORT-GI-80][TX-STBC-2BY1][RX-STBC-1][HTC-VHT][MAX-A-MPDU-LEN-EXP7] 158 | # rtl8814au 159 | #vht_capab=[MAX-MPDU-11454][RXLDPC][SHORT-GI-80][TX-STBC-2BY1][RX-STBC-1][HTC-VHT][MAX-A-MPDU-LEN-EXP7] 160 | # rtl8811au 161 | #vht_capab=[MAX-MPDU-11454][SHORT-GI-80][RX-STBC-1][HTC-VHT][MAX-A-MPDU-LEN-EXP7] 162 | # rtl8811cu 163 | #vht_capab=[MAX-MPDU-11454][SHORT-GI-80][HTC-VHT][MAX-A-MPDU-LEN-EXP7] 164 | # 165 | # Note: [TX-STBC-2BY1] may cause problems with some Realtek drivers 166 | # 167 | # rtw88 driver 168 | # band 2: rtw88 rtl8811au rtl8811cu 169 | # VHT Capabilities (0x03d07122): 170 | # Max MPDU length: 11454 171 | # Supported Channel Width: neither 160 nor 80+80 172 | # short GI (80 MHz) 173 | # SU Beamformee 174 | # MU Beamformee 175 | # +HTC-VHT 176 | #vht_capab=[MAX-MPDU-11454][SHORT-GI-80][SU-BEAMFORMEE][MU-BEAMFORMEE][HTC-VHT] 177 | # rtw88 rtl8812au 178 | vht_capab=[MAX-MPDU-11454][SHORT-GI-80][TX-STBC-2BY1][SU-BEAMFORMEE][HTC-VHT] 179 | 180 | # end of hostapd-WiFi5.conf 181 | 182 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /home/USB_Ports.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2 | ## USB Ports can be a source of problems with USB WiFi adapters 3 | 4 | I've been helping users of USB WiFi adapters for some years now and I 5 | have noticed that problems are generally first blamed on the driver in 6 | use. I get that. However, our USB WiFi adapters depend on support from 7 | multiple stacks (USB and WiFi). There is also the issue of hardware 8 | compatibility which may require that you change one or more BIOS / UEFI 9 | settings. 10 | 11 | Below is an example of using an older USB WiFi adapter on a new system. 12 | The post is from a Debian forum: 13 | 14 | https://forums.debian.net/viewtopic.php?t=159402 15 | 16 | Note that this user was able to stabilize his USB WiFi adapter after 17 | changing BIOS / UEFI settings and switching to a different port. 18 | 19 | #### USB related problems that I have noticed over the last few years 20 | 21 | - USB 3.2 gen 2 ports can be problematic, especially with older 22 | adapters such as the one in the forum post above. The mt7612u is a 23 | favorite chip among Linux users but it was initially released over 24 | 10 years ago and could not be tested with modern USB 3.2 gen 2 ports 25 | because they did not exist at the time. 26 | 27 | - USB ports wear over time and various things can happen if contacts are 28 | not solid. 29 | 30 | - It is always a good idea to try a different USB port if you have a 31 | problem. 32 | 33 | - There are problematic USB 3 hub chips and problematic USB drivers. 34 | 35 | - There are USB BIOS / UEFI settings that can cause problems. 36 | 37 | - When in doubt, if you have a USB 2 port, give it a try. USB 2 is 38 | simply more stable than USB 3 and in most cases, it is fast enough for 39 | the use case. 40 | 41 | - Powered USB hubs and extension cables can be problematic. Plug the 42 | adapter directly into a port to test if this could be a problem. 43 | 44 | - Some USB subsystems do not provide spec power leaving you in a low 45 | power condition. I am looking at you RasPi. 46 | 47 | ### Specific BIOS / UEFI settings for USB WiFi adapters 48 | 49 | Note: When troubleshooting, it is a best practice to only change one 50 | setting at a time and then test. If the test does not provide the 51 | desired result, return the setting to its previous state. 52 | 53 | ----- 54 | 55 | - Legacy USB Support [enabled / disabled] 56 | 57 | Recommended setting: disabled 58 | 59 | Legacy USB support enabled allows older USB devices to work on newer 60 | operating systems, and vice versa. It's also known as USB Keyboard or 61 | USB Mouse support. It allows older USB devices to be recognized, 62 | initialized, and configured during the boot process. Enabling Legacy 63 | USB Support can cause a variety of problems with modern hardware. Only 64 | enable this setting if you absolutely need it. 65 | 66 | ----- 67 | 68 | - xHCI Hand-off [enabled / disabled] 69 | 70 | Recommended setting: enabled 71 | 72 | xHCI Hand-off enabled means that the BIOS / UEFI lets the operating 73 | system handle the driver support of your onboard USB 3.0 ports. 74 | 75 | Note: There is a lot of confusion about this setting. It appears that 76 | some motherboard makers document this setting wrong or support is coded 77 | for it wrong so you may simply have to try both settings to see which 78 | one works best in your setup. 79 | 80 | ----- 81 | 82 | - eHCI Hand-off [enabled / disabled] 83 | 84 | Recommended setting: disabled 85 | 86 | eHCI Hand-off enabled means that the BIOS / UEFI lets the operating 87 | system handle the driver support of your onboard USB 2.0 ports. 88 | 89 | ----- 90 | 91 | - USB transfer time-out [1, 5, 10, 20] 92 | 93 | Recommended setting: 5 94 | 95 | To optimize USB transfer time-out in your BIOS / UEFI , set it to the 96 | lowest value that still allows your devices to function properly, 97 | typically around 5-10 seconds; this ensures faster data transfer while 98 | preventing unnecessary delays if a device takes longer to respond. If 99 | you are using older or slower USB devices, you might need to increase 100 | the timeout to prevent transfer errors. 101 | 102 | ----- 103 | 104 | - Device reset time-out [10, 20, 30, 40] 105 | 106 | Recommended setting: 10 107 | 108 | The "best" BIOS / UEFI setting for "Device reset time-out" depends on 109 | your specific hardware and needs, but generally, a timeout of 10-20 110 | seconds is recommended to ensure proper device recognition and prevent 111 | potential boot issues. If you have a lot of USB devices USB devices 112 | connected and have problem, increase the setting. If the timeout is too 113 | short, your computer might not fully recognize a device, leading to boot 114 | errors or issues with peripherals, especially if they take a bit longer 115 | to initialize. 116 | 117 | ----- 118 | 119 | - Device power-up delay [Auto, Manual] 120 | 121 | Recommended setting: Manual 122 | 123 | Manual will allow you to control the delay in order to test for the 124 | setting that works best for your system. 125 | 126 | ----- 127 | 128 | - Device power-up delay in seconds [ ] 129 | 130 | Recommended setting: 2 (increase this setting if you see unexplained 131 | problems with a device) 132 | 133 | This setting controls the amount of time your computer waits after power 134 | is turned on before it starts powering up connected devices, giving them 135 | a brief window of time to initialize properly. If you have devices that 136 | sometimes don't initialize quickly or if you see unexplained problems 137 | with a device, a slightly longer delay may help prevent errors. 138 | 139 | If you frequently need to access your BIOS settings, a small delay (like 140 | 1-2 seconds) might be beneficial to give you enough time to press the 141 | BIOS access key (usually Del or F2) upon power-up. 142 | 143 | ----- 144 | 145 | - Fast Boot 146 | 147 | Recommended setting: disabled 148 | 149 | Fast Boot is a setting that skips some hardware checks and initialization processes to make your system boot more quickly. It can disable USB devices during startup, so your keyboard or mouse might not work until the operating system loads completely and some devices may not be initialized at all. 150 | 151 | ----- 152 | 153 | I hope this helps. If you have additional information that should be 154 | added, please post in Issues. 155 | 156 | @morrownr 157 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /home/iw_list/EDUP_MS8551.txt: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2022-05-12 2 | 3 | EDUP MS8551 4 | 5 | Maintained by @morrownr 6 | 7 | Chipset: mt7601u 8 | 9 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 10 | 11 | $ lsusb 12 | ID 148f:7601 Ralink Technology, Corp. MT7601U Wireless Adapter 13 | 14 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 15 | 16 | $ uname -a 17 | Linux Vostro-470 5.13.0-27-generic #29~20.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Fri Jan 14 00:32:30 UTC 2022 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux 18 | 19 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20 | 21 | $ iw list 22 | Wiphy phyX 23 | max # scan SSIDs: 4 24 | max scan IEs length: 2257 bytes 25 | max # sched scan SSIDs: 0 26 | max # match sets: 0 27 | Retry short limit: 7 28 | Retry long limit: 4 29 | Coverage class: 0 (up to 0m) 30 | Device supports T-DLS. 31 | Supported Ciphers: 32 | * WEP40 (00-0f-ac:1) 33 | * WEP104 (00-0f-ac:5) 34 | * TKIP (00-0f-ac:2) 35 | * CCMP-128 (00-0f-ac:4) 36 | * CCMP-256 (00-0f-ac:10) 37 | * GCMP-128 (00-0f-ac:8) 38 | * GCMP-256 (00-0f-ac:9) 39 | * CMAC (00-0f-ac:6) 40 | * CMAC-256 (00-0f-ac:13) 41 | * GMAC-128 (00-0f-ac:11) 42 | * GMAC-256 (00-0f-ac:12) 43 | Available Antennas: TX 0 RX 0 44 | Supported interface modes: 45 | * managed 46 | * monitor 47 | Band 1: 48 | Capabilities: 0x17e 49 | HT20/HT40 50 | SM Power Save disabled 51 | RX Greenfield 52 | RX HT20 SGI 53 | RX HT40 SGI 54 | RX STBC 1-stream 55 | Max AMSDU length: 3839 bytes 56 | No DSSS/CCK HT40 57 | Maximum RX AMPDU length 65535 bytes (exponent: 0x003) 58 | Minimum RX AMPDU time spacing: 2 usec (0x04) 59 | HT TX/RX MCS rate indexes supported: 0-7, 32 60 | Bitrates (non-HT): 61 | * 1.0 Mbps (short preamble supported) 62 | * 2.0 Mbps (short preamble supported) 63 | * 5.5 Mbps (short preamble supported) 64 | * 11.0 Mbps (short preamble supported) 65 | * 6.0 Mbps 66 | * 9.0 Mbps 67 | * 12.0 Mbps 68 | * 18.0 Mbps 69 | * 24.0 Mbps 70 | * 36.0 Mbps 71 | * 48.0 Mbps 72 | * 54.0 Mbps 73 | Frequencies: 74 | * 2412 MHz [1] (30.0 dBm) 75 | * 2417 MHz [2] (30.0 dBm) 76 | * 2422 MHz [3] (30.0 dBm) 77 | * 2427 MHz [4] (30.0 dBm) 78 | * 2432 MHz [5] (30.0 dBm) 79 | * 2437 MHz [6] (30.0 dBm) 80 | * 2442 MHz [7] (30.0 dBm) 81 | * 2447 MHz [8] (30.0 dBm) 82 | * 2452 MHz [9] (30.0 dBm) 83 | * 2457 MHz [10] (30.0 dBm) 84 | * 2462 MHz [11] (30.0 dBm) 85 | * 2467 MHz [12] (disabled) 86 | * 2472 MHz [13] (disabled) 87 | * 2484 MHz [14] (disabled) 88 | Supported commands: 89 | * new_interface 90 | * set_interface 91 | * new_key 92 | * start_ap 93 | * new_station 94 | * new_mpath 95 | * set_mesh_config 96 | * set_bss 97 | * authenticate 98 | * associate 99 | * deauthenticate 100 | * disassociate 101 | * join_ibss 102 | * join_mesh 103 | * remain_on_channel 104 | * set_tx_bitrate_mask 105 | * frame 106 | * frame_wait_cancel 107 | * set_wiphy_netns 108 | * set_channel 109 | * tdls_mgmt 110 | * tdls_oper 111 | * probe_client 112 | * set_noack_map 113 | * register_beacons 114 | * start_p2p_device 115 | * set_mcast_rate 116 | * connect 117 | * disconnect 118 | * set_qos_map 119 | * set_multicast_to_unicast 120 | software interface modes (can always be added): 121 | * monitor 122 | interface combinations are not supported 123 | HT Capability overrides: 124 | * MCS: ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff 125 | * maximum A-MSDU length 126 | * supported channel width 127 | * short GI for 40 MHz 128 | * max A-MPDU length exponent 129 | * min MPDU start spacing 130 | Device supports TX status socket option. 131 | Device supports HT-IBSS. 132 | Device supports SAE with AUTHENTICATE command 133 | Device supports low priority scan. 134 | Device supports scan flush. 135 | Device supports AP scan. 136 | Device supports per-vif TX power setting 137 | Driver supports full state transitions for AP/GO clients 138 | Driver supports a userspace MPM 139 | Device supports active monitor (which will ACK incoming frames) 140 | Device supports configuring vdev MAC-addr on create. 141 | max # scan plans: 1 142 | max scan plan interval: -1 143 | max scan plan iterations: 0 144 | Supported TX frame types: 145 | * IBSS: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 146 | * managed: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 147 | * AP: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 148 | * AP/VLAN: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 149 | * mesh point: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 150 | * P2P-client: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 151 | * P2P-GO: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 152 | * P2P-device: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 153 | Supported RX frame types: 154 | * IBSS: 0x40 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 155 | * managed: 0x40 0xb0 0xd0 156 | * AP: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 157 | * AP/VLAN: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 158 | * mesh point: 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 159 | * P2P-client: 0x40 0xd0 160 | * P2P-GO: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 161 | * P2P-device: 0x40 0xd0 162 | Supported extended features: 163 | * [ RRM ]: RRM 164 | * [ FILS_STA ]: STA FILS (Fast Initial Link Setup) 165 | * [ CQM_RSSI_LIST ]: multiple CQM_RSSI_THOLD records 166 | * [ CONTROL_PORT_OVER_NL80211 ]: control port over nl80211 167 | 168 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 169 | 170 | hostapd.conf: n/a - no AP mode support 171 | 172 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 173 | 174 | usb-modeswitch not required. This is a single-state device. 175 | 176 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 177 | 178 | WPA3-SAE: yes 179 | 180 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 181 | 182 | Power requirement: Heavy load: tbd 183 | 184 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 185 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /home/iw_list/DM-Digital_MT7601.txt: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2022-05-12 2 | 3 | DM-Digital MT7601 4 | 5 | Maintained by @morrownr 6 | 7 | Chipset: mt7601u 8 | 9 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 10 | 11 | $ lsusb 12 | ID 148f:7601 Ralink Technology, Corp. MT7601U Wireless Adapter 13 | 14 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 15 | 16 | $ uname -a 17 | Linux Vostro-470 5.13.0-27-generic #29~20.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Fri Jan 14 00:32:30 UTC 2022 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux 18 | 19 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20 | 21 | $ iw list 22 | Wiphy phyX 23 | max # scan SSIDs: 4 24 | max scan IEs length: 2257 bytes 25 | max # sched scan SSIDs: 0 26 | max # match sets: 0 27 | Retry short limit: 7 28 | Retry long limit: 4 29 | Coverage class: 0 (up to 0m) 30 | Device supports T-DLS. 31 | Supported Ciphers: 32 | * WEP40 (00-0f-ac:1) 33 | * WEP104 (00-0f-ac:5) 34 | * TKIP (00-0f-ac:2) 35 | * CCMP-128 (00-0f-ac:4) 36 | * CCMP-256 (00-0f-ac:10) 37 | * GCMP-128 (00-0f-ac:8) 38 | * GCMP-256 (00-0f-ac:9) 39 | * CMAC (00-0f-ac:6) 40 | * CMAC-256 (00-0f-ac:13) 41 | * GMAC-128 (00-0f-ac:11) 42 | * GMAC-256 (00-0f-ac:12) 43 | Available Antennas: TX 0 RX 0 44 | Supported interface modes: 45 | * managed 46 | * monitor 47 | Band 1: 48 | Capabilities: 0x17e 49 | HT20/HT40 50 | SM Power Save disabled 51 | RX Greenfield 52 | RX HT20 SGI 53 | RX HT40 SGI 54 | RX STBC 1-stream 55 | Max AMSDU length: 3839 bytes 56 | No DSSS/CCK HT40 57 | Maximum RX AMPDU length 65535 bytes (exponent: 0x003) 58 | Minimum RX AMPDU time spacing: 2 usec (0x04) 59 | HT TX/RX MCS rate indexes supported: 0-7, 32 60 | Bitrates (non-HT): 61 | * 1.0 Mbps (short preamble supported) 62 | * 2.0 Mbps (short preamble supported) 63 | * 5.5 Mbps (short preamble supported) 64 | * 11.0 Mbps (short preamble supported) 65 | * 6.0 Mbps 66 | * 9.0 Mbps 67 | * 12.0 Mbps 68 | * 18.0 Mbps 69 | * 24.0 Mbps 70 | * 36.0 Mbps 71 | * 48.0 Mbps 72 | * 54.0 Mbps 73 | Frequencies: 74 | * 2412 MHz [1] (30.0 dBm) 75 | * 2417 MHz [2] (30.0 dBm) 76 | * 2422 MHz [3] (30.0 dBm) 77 | * 2427 MHz [4] (30.0 dBm) 78 | * 2432 MHz [5] (30.0 dBm) 79 | * 2437 MHz [6] (30.0 dBm) 80 | * 2442 MHz [7] (30.0 dBm) 81 | * 2447 MHz [8] (30.0 dBm) 82 | * 2452 MHz [9] (30.0 dBm) 83 | * 2457 MHz [10] (30.0 dBm) 84 | * 2462 MHz [11] (30.0 dBm) 85 | * 2467 MHz [12] (disabled) 86 | * 2472 MHz [13] (disabled) 87 | * 2484 MHz [14] (disabled) 88 | Supported commands: 89 | * new_interface 90 | * set_interface 91 | * new_key 92 | * start_ap 93 | * new_station 94 | * new_mpath 95 | * set_mesh_config 96 | * set_bss 97 | * authenticate 98 | * associate 99 | * deauthenticate 100 | * disassociate 101 | * join_ibss 102 | * join_mesh 103 | * remain_on_channel 104 | * set_tx_bitrate_mask 105 | * frame 106 | * frame_wait_cancel 107 | * set_wiphy_netns 108 | * set_channel 109 | * tdls_mgmt 110 | * tdls_oper 111 | * probe_client 112 | * set_noack_map 113 | * register_beacons 114 | * start_p2p_device 115 | * set_mcast_rate 116 | * connect 117 | * disconnect 118 | * set_qos_map 119 | * set_multicast_to_unicast 120 | software interface modes (can always be added): 121 | * monitor 122 | interface combinations are not supported 123 | HT Capability overrides: 124 | * MCS: ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff 125 | * maximum A-MSDU length 126 | * supported channel width 127 | * short GI for 40 MHz 128 | * max A-MPDU length exponent 129 | * min MPDU start spacing 130 | Device supports TX status socket option. 131 | Device supports HT-IBSS. 132 | Device supports SAE with AUTHENTICATE command 133 | Device supports low priority scan. 134 | Device supports scan flush. 135 | Device supports AP scan. 136 | Device supports per-vif TX power setting 137 | Driver supports full state transitions for AP/GO clients 138 | Driver supports a userspace MPM 139 | Device supports active monitor (which will ACK incoming frames) 140 | Device supports configuring vdev MAC-addr on create. 141 | max # scan plans: 1 142 | max scan plan interval: -1 143 | max scan plan iterations: 0 144 | Supported TX frame types: 145 | * IBSS: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 146 | * managed: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 147 | * AP: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 148 | * AP/VLAN: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 149 | * mesh point: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 150 | * P2P-client: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 151 | * P2P-GO: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 152 | * P2P-device: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 153 | Supported RX frame types: 154 | * IBSS: 0x40 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 155 | * managed: 0x40 0xb0 0xd0 156 | * AP: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 157 | * AP/VLAN: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 158 | * mesh point: 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 159 | * P2P-client: 0x40 0xd0 160 | * P2P-GO: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 161 | * P2P-device: 0x40 0xd0 162 | Supported extended features: 163 | * [ RRM ]: RRM 164 | * [ FILS_STA ]: STA FILS (Fast Initial Link Setup) 165 | * [ CQM_RSSI_LIST ]: multiple CQM_RSSI_THOLD records 166 | * [ CONTROL_PORT_OVER_NL80211 ]: control port over nl80211 167 | 168 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 169 | 170 | hostapd.conf: n/a - no AP mode support 171 | 172 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 173 | 174 | usb-modeswitch not required. This is a single-state device. 175 | 176 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 177 | 178 | WPA3-SAE: yes 179 | 180 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 181 | 182 | Power requirement: Heavy load: tbd 183 | 184 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 185 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /home/USB_WiFi_Chipsets.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | ## USB WiFi chipset information for Linux 2 | 3 | Updated as of 2025-11-27 4 | 5 | This document is a summary that includes information about many modern USB WiFi chipsets. If you see errors in this information, please post in Issues. 6 | 7 | Not all USB WiFi adapters are created equally. While the chipset and driver dictate which WiFi features are supported (e.g. which frequency bands), the maker of the adapter is free to decide on the performance of the antenna(s), the quality of the amp and whether the device requires mode switching and so on. 8 | 9 | Note: Some chipsets may be listed with good in-kernel drivers but are not recommended. The primary reason for this at this time is that only multi-state 10 | adapters are available. The recommendation should change as single-state adapters are available. 11 | 12 | | Chipset | Standard | Maximum
Channel
Width | Linux
In-Kernel
Driver | AP Mode | Monitor Mode | Recommended
For
Linux | 13 | |:------------------:|----------|:-----:|:----------------------------:|:----------------:|:----------------:|:-----------------:| 14 | Mediatek MT7925 | WiFi 7 | 160 |:heavy_check_mark: 6.7+ |:heavy_check_mark:|:heavy_check_mark:| Yes [4] | 15 | Realtek RTL8922au | WiFi 7 | 160 |:x: [6] | | | No | 16 | Realtek RTL8912au | WiFi 7 | 160 |:x: | | | No | 17 | Realtek RTL8852cu | WiFi 6E | 160 |:heavy_check_mark: 6.19+ [6] |:heavy_check_mark:|:heavy_check_mark:| No | 18 | Realtek RTL8832cu | WiFi 6E | 160 |:heavy_check_mark: 6.19+ |:heavy_check_mark:|:heavy_check_mark:| Yes [7] | 19 | Mediatek MT7921au | WiFi 6E | 80 |:heavy_check_mark: 5.18+ |:heavy_check_mark:|:heavy_check_mark:| Yes | 20 | Realtek RTL8852bu | WiFi 6 | 80 |:heavy_check_mark: 6.17+ [6] |:heavy_check_mark:|:heavy_check_mark:| No | 21 | Realtek RTL8832bu | WiFi 6 | 80 |:heavy_check_mark: 6.17+ |:heavy_check_mark:|:heavy_check_mark:| Yes [7] | 22 | Realtek RTL8852au | WiFi 6 | 80 |:heavy_check_mark: 6.19+ |:heavy_check_mark:|:heavy_check_mark:| No | 23 | Realtek RTL8832au | WiFi 6 | 80 |:heavy_check_mark: 6.19+ |:heavy_check_mark:|:heavy_check_mark:| Yes [7] | 24 | Realtek RTL8851bu | WiFi 6 | ? |:heavy_check_mark: 6.17+ [6] |:heavy_check_mark:|:heavy_check_mark:| No | 25 | Realtek RTL8831bu | WiFi 6 | ? |:heavy_check_mark: 6.17+ |:heavy_check_mark:|:heavy_check_mark:| Yes [7] | 26 | Realtek RTL8814au | WiFi 5 | 80 |:heavy_check_mark: 6.16+ |:heavy_check_mark:|:heavy_check_mark:| Yes | 27 | Mediatek MT7662u | WiFi 5 | 80 |:heavy_check_mark: 5.9+ [6] |:heavy_check_mark:|:heavy_check_mark:| No | 28 | Mediatek MT7612u | WiFi 5 | 80 |:heavy_check_mark: 4.19+ |:heavy_check_mark:|:heavy_check_mark:| Yes | 29 | Realtek RTL8822bu | WiFi 5 | 80 |:heavy_check_mark: 6.12+ [3][6]|:heavy_check_mark:|:heavy_check_mark:| No | 30 | Realtek RTL8812bu | WiFi 5 | 80 |:heavy_check_mark: 6.12+ [3] |:heavy_check_mark:|:heavy_check_mark:| Yes | 31 | Realtek RTL8822cu | WiFi 5 | 80 |:heavy_check_mark: 6.12+ [3][6]|:heavy_check_mark:|:heavy_check_mark:| No | 32 | Realtek RTL8812cu | WiFi 5 | 80 |:heavy_check_mark: 6.12+ [3]|:heavy_check_mark:|:heavy_check_mark:| Yes | 33 | Realtek RTL8812au | WiFi 5 | 80 |:heavy_check_mark: 6.14+ [5]|:heavy_check_mark:|:heavy_check_mark:| Yes | 34 | Mediatek MT7610u | WiFi 5 | 80 |:heavy_check_mark: 4.19+ |:heavy_check_mark:|:heavy_check_mark:| Yes | 35 | Realtek RTL8821cu | WiFi 5 | 80 |:heavy_check_mark: 6.12+ [3][6]|:heavy_check_mark:|:heavy_check_mark:| No | 36 | Realtek RTL8811cu | WiFi 5 | 80 |:heavy_check_mark: 6.12+ [3] |:heavy_check_mark:|:heavy_check_mark:| No | 37 | Realtek RTL8821au | WiFi 5 | 80 |:heavy_check_mark: 6.14+ [5] |:heavy_check_mark:|:heavy_check_mark:| No | 38 | Realtek RTL8811au | WiFi 5 | 80 |:heavy_check_mark: 6.14+ [5] |:heavy_check_mark:|:heavy_check_mark:| Yes | 39 | Ralink RT3573 | WiFi 4 | 40 |:heavy_check_mark: 3.12+ |:heavy_check_mark:|:heavy_check_mark:| Yes | 40 | Ralink RT5572 | WiFi 4 | 40 |:heavy_check_mark: 3.10+ |:heavy_check_mark:|:heavy_check_mark:| Yes | 41 | Ralink RT3572 | WiFi 4 | 40 |:heavy_check_mark: 2.6.31+ |:heavy_check_mark:|:heavy_check_mark:| Yes | 42 | Ralink RT5372 | WiFi 4 | 40 |:heavy_check_mark: 3.0+ |:heavy_check_mark:|:heavy_check_mark:| Yes | 43 | Realtek RTL8192cu | WiFi 4 | 40 |:heavy_check_mark: 2.6.33+ |:heavy_check_mark:|:heavy_check_mark:| Yes | 44 | Mediatek MT7601u | WiFi 4 | 40 |:heavy_check_mark: 4.2+ |:x: | limited | Yes | 45 | Ralink RT5370 | WiFi 4 | 40 |:heavy_check_mark: 3.0+ |:heavy_check_mark:|:heavy_check_mark:| Yes | 46 | Atheros AR9271 | WiFi 4 | 40 |:heavy_check_mark: 2.6.35+ |:heavy_check_mark:|:heavy_check_mark:| Yes | 47 | Ralink RT3070 | WiFi 4 | 40 |:heavy_check_mark: 2.6.31+ |:heavy_check_mark:|:heavy_check_mark:| Yes | 48 | 49 | ## Mediatek MT7921AU (in-kernel driver is mt7921u) 50 | 51 | Adapters based on the mt7921au chipset have been available since July of 2022. 52 | 53 | [1] USB support added with the mt7921u driver in kernel 5.18. Internal cards are supported by the mt7921e driver which has been in the kernel since 5.12. 54 | 55 | [2] AP mode support added to the mt7921u driver in kernel 5.19. Firmware update is required also. 56 | 57 | ----- 58 | 59 | ## Realtek RTW88 (in-kernel driver) (WiFi 5) 60 | 61 | [3] In-kernel support for the following chipsets was added to the rtw88 series of drivers with kernel 6.2, however, it is strongly recommended that you use kernel 6.12 or later due to dramatic improvements to the drivers that have taken place during 2024: 62 | 63 | ``` 64 | rtl8822bu 65 | rtl8812bu 66 | rtl8821cu 67 | rtl8811cu 68 | rtl8822cu 69 | rtl8812cu 70 | ``` 71 | 72 | Note: The rtl8814au, rtl8812au and rtl8821/11au Realtek WiFi 5 chips are preferreable as far as Realtek WiFi 5 chips are concerned. 73 | 74 | ----- 75 | 76 | [4] The driver for USB and PCIe went into Linux kernel 6.7. The first available USB WiFi adapter, Netgear A9000, became available in July of 2025 77 | 78 | ----- 79 | 80 | [5] The new in-kernel drivers for the rtl8812au and rtl8821/11au chips are NEW as of kernel 6.14. If you want to install the new drivers on kernels less than 6.14, please go to the following repo: 81 | 82 | https://github.com/lwfinger/rtw88 83 | 84 | ----- 85 | 86 | [6] Chipset has bluetooth turned on. Recommend Linux users avoid chipsets with bluetooth turned on. 87 | 88 | ----- 89 | 90 | [7] Realtek WiFi 6 chip based adapters are mostly multi-state adapters meaning that they have a Windows driver onboard. This can cause problems for Linux users so I recommend you search for adapters that are single-state (no Windows driver onboard). However, it can be a challenge to find single-state adapters that use the Realtek WiFi 6 chips at this time so I recommend that you consult The Plug and Play List for best results. Testing has shown that adapter with the rtl8952/32cu chips are particularly problematic. 91 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /home/Compile_and_Install_New_RasPiOS_Kernel.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2024-01-26 2 | 3 | ## Compile and Install New RasPiOS Kernel 4 | 5 | Purpose: Upgrade the RasPiOS kernel to support new usb WiFi adapters that are not new enough for the driver to be included. 6 | An example would be to include the new usb WiFi adapters in the rtw88 driver series. 7 | USB WiFi adapter support was added for several WiFi 5 adapters with kernel 6.2, but the RasPiOS is usually only upgrade to a new kernel after a new LTS kernel is available. 8 | As of this writing, RasPiOS uses kernel 6.1 and kernel 6.2 or later is required for this new rtw88 support for adapters that use chipsets such as the rtl8812bu, rtl8811cu and more. 9 | 10 | This guide uses 64-bit RasPiOS (2023-12-05) kernel on a Rasberry Pi 4B. 11 | If you are using a different model of Pi, refer to the [upstream documentation](https://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/computers/linux_kernel.html#building) for any potential differences. 12 | 13 | > [!WARNING] 14 | > The prep time needed to compile a new kernel is minimal (well under an hour). 15 | > However, due to the Pi's hardware limitations the actual compilation can take multiple hours. 16 | > Be prepared for a long wait for the Pi completes the actual compilation. 17 | 18 | ### Step 1: Prepare and Install RasPiOS 19 | 20 | > [!IMPORTANT] 21 | > Before beginning, make sure that you have internet access. 22 | > I plug an ethernet cable into my Pi4B. 23 | 24 | 1. Use the Raspberry Pi Imager: 25 | 1. Erase (reformat) the SD card 26 | 1. If running headless (i.e. without a monitor connected): 27 | Set Advanced Options so that SSH is available on first boot. 28 | 1. If you do not have an ethernet cable to provide Internet access during setup, set a WiFi interface to start on first boot . 29 | 1. Select and Burn Raspberry Pi OS (64 bit). 30 | 1. Boot SD in RasPi4B. 31 | 1. Determine the IP address of Pi4B. 32 | 33 | I run OpenWRT on my main router. 34 | On OpenWRT, `Status > Overview` will show the IP address of the Pi4B. 35 | Many other routers have similar capability. 36 | 37 | 1. Start Putty or SSH using the command line and enter the login ID and IP address of your Pi. 38 | 39 | The IP address (`192.168.1.45` in the below example) should be the address discovered from your router. 40 | The login ID (`smith` in the below example) and password are as set with Imager Advanced Options 41 | 42 | ``` shell 43 | ssh smith@192.168.1.45 44 | ``` 45 | 46 | 1. Enable VNC. 47 | 48 | 1. Run `sudo raspi-config`. 49 | 1. Interface Options > VNC > Yes (if you want to use VNC to go headless) 50 | 51 | We should now be able to reboot and continue with intial setup with VNC. 52 | 53 | 1. Set your WLAN country. 54 | 55 | 1. Log into the RasPi4B with VNC. 56 | 1. Preferences > Raspberry Pi Configuration 57 | 1. In Localization, set the WLAN Country to your country code. 58 | 1. Optionally, set any other relevant configurations. 59 | 60 | 1. Update the Pi's operating system packages by running the following commands in order. 61 | 62 | 1. `sudo apt update` 63 | 1. `sudo apt upgrade` 64 | 1. `sudo apt autoremove` 65 | 1. `sudo reboot` 66 | 67 | ### Step 2: Install Git and Build Dependencies 68 | 69 | Run the following command to install the tools you will need to compile the Linux kernel. 70 | 71 | ``` shell 72 | sudo apt install git bc bison flex libssl-dev make libncurses5-dev 73 | ``` 74 | 75 | The command is safe to run even if any or all of the packages are already installed. 76 | `libncurses5-dev` is included for `menuconfig`, which will be used later in this guide. 77 | 78 | ### Step 3: Download the Source Code 79 | 80 | Run the following command, changing "rpi-6.6.y" the branch you want. 81 | 82 | ``` shell 83 | git clone --depth=1 --branch rpi-6.6.y https://github.com/raspberrypi/linux 84 | ``` 85 | 86 | Omitting `--depth=1` will download the entire repository, including the full history of all branches. 87 | This takes much longer and occupies much more storage. 88 | 89 | Refer to the original GitHub repository, [raspberrypi/linux](https://github.com/raspberrypi/linux), for information about the available branches. 90 | 91 | ### Step 4: Prepare the Kernel Configuration 92 | 93 | Prepare the default configuration by running the following commands. 94 | 95 | 1. Move into the Linux subdirectory. 96 | 97 | ``` shell 98 | cd linux 99 | ``` 100 | 101 | Stay in this directory for all of the remaining steps in this section. 102 | 103 | 1. Set the `KERNEL` environment variable. 104 | 105 | ``` shell 106 | export KERNEL=kernel8 107 | ``` 108 | 109 | 1. Create the initial configuration. 110 | 111 | ``` shell 112 | make bcm2711_defconfig 113 | ``` 114 | 115 | 1. Optionally, enable any additional features you desire. 116 | 117 | For example, to turn on support for the RTW88 8822BU USB module (available in kernel 6.2+): 118 | 119 | 1. Run `make menuconfig`. 120 | 1. You will see a text screen with something close to the following at the top: 121 | 122 | ``` text 123 | .config - Linux/arm64 6.6.11 Kernel Configuration 124 | ``` 125 | 126 | 1. Enable support for 8822BU USB. 127 | 128 | 1. Scroll with the down arrow key until you are on "Device Drivers", then presss Enter. 129 | 1. Scroll down until you are on `<*> Network device support`, then press Enter. 130 | 1. Scroll down until you are on `<*> Wireless LAN`, then press Enter. 131 | 1. Scroll down until you are on `< > Realtek802.11ac wireless chips support`. 132 | Once there: 133 | 1. Press Space Bar to add M. 134 | 1. Press Enter. 135 | 1. Scroll down until you are on `< > Realtek 8822BU USB wireless netwwork adapter`. 136 | Once there: 137 | 1. Press Space Bar to add M. 138 | 1. Press Tab until `` is selected, then press Enter. 139 | 1. Press Enter one more time. 140 | 1. To exit, press Esc and again press Esc. 141 | 142 | 1. If you need to modify or patch the kernel source in any way, do so now. 143 | 144 | ### Step 5: Build the Kernel 145 | 146 | Run the following command to perform the full compilation. 147 | Note that this may take multiple hours to complete. 148 | 149 | ``` shell 150 | make -j4 Image.gz modules dtbs 151 | ``` 152 | 153 | ### Step 6: Install the Kernel, Modules and Device Tree Blobs 154 | 155 | Run the following commands. 156 | 157 | 1. `sudo make modules_install` 158 | 1. `sudo cp arch/arm64/boot/dts/broadcom/*.dtb /boot/firmware/` 159 | 1. `sudo cp arch/arm64/boot/dts/overlays/\*.dtb\* /boot/firmware/overlays/` 160 | 1. `sudo cp arch/arm64/boot/dts/overlays/README /boot/firmware/overlays/` 161 | 1. `sudo cp arch/arm64/boot/Image.gz /boot/firmware/$KERNEL.img` 162 | 163 | > [!NOTE] 164 | > If you have not already deactivated the internal WiFi, now would be a good time to do it before you reboot. 165 | 166 | ### Step 7: Reboot 167 | 168 | Reboot your Pi by running the following command. 169 | 170 | ``` shell 171 | sudo reboot 172 | ``` 173 | 174 | Once it comes back up, your Pi should now be running your freshly-compiled kernel! 175 | 176 | ### Step 8: Confirm Settings 177 | 178 | 1. Confirm that `uname -r` shows your new kernel version. 179 | 180 | For example: 181 | 182 | ``` console 183 | $ uname -r 184 | 6.6.11-v8+ 185 | ``` 186 | 187 | 1. Confirm that `iw dev` reports your wireless interface. 188 | 189 | For example: 190 | 191 | ``` console 192 | $ iw dev 193 | phy#0 194 | Interface wlan0 195 | ifindex 3 196 | wdev 0x1 197 | addr 00:c0:ca:ad:de:9e 198 | type managed 199 | txpower 30.00 dBm 200 | multicast TXQ: 201 | qsz-byt qsz-pkt flows drops marks overlmt hashcoltx-bytes tx-packets 202 | 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 203 | ``` 204 | 205 | You should be finished at this point! 206 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /home/PCIe_WiFi_Devices.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2022-04-26 2 | 3 | ## PCIe WiFi card information for Linux 4 | 5 | Note: This document is under construction. If you see mistakes or have information to add, please get in touch via `Issues`. I 6 | almost exclusively use USB WiFi adapters and am not knowledgable about WiFi cards. The only card I have is in a laptop computer. It 7 | is based on the Mediatek MT7921 chipset and works really well. 8 | 9 | There is additional information below the summary table. 10 | 11 | Chipset | Interface | Standard | MIMO | 2.4 | 5 | 6 | Linux In-Kernel Driver | AP Mode | Monitor Mode | 12 | ----------------------|-------------|----------|:----:|:---:|:---:|:---:|:----------------------:|:--------------------:|:----------------:| 13 | Mediatek MT7922 | PCIe 2.1 x? | WiFi 6E | 2x2 | 40 | 160 | 160 |:heavy_check_mark: |:heavy_check_mark: [1]|:heavy_check_mark:| 14 | Intel AX210 | PCIe ?.0 x? | WiFi 6E | 2x2 | 40 | 160 | 160 |:heavy_check_mark: |2.4 Ghz only | ? | 15 | Mediatek MT7921K | PCIe 2.1 x? | WiFi 6E | 2x2 | 40 | 80 | 80 |:heavy_check_mark: |:heavy_check_mark: [1]|:heavy_check_mark:| 16 | Mediatek MT7921 | PCIe 2.1 x? | WiFi 6 | 2x2 | 40 | 80 | N |:heavy_check_mark: |:heavy_check_mark: [1]|:heavy_check_mark:| 17 | Intel AX200 | PCIe ?.0 x? | WiFi 6 | 2x2 | 40 | 160 | N |:heavy_check_mark: |2.4 Ghz only | ? | 18 | Qualcomm (Atheros) [2]| PCIe ? | WiFi 6 | ? | ? | ? | ? |? |? | ? | 19 | Realtek RTL8852 | PCIe 2.0 x? | WiFi 6 | 2x2 | 40 | 80 | N |:heavy_check_mark: |? | ? | 20 | Realtek RTL8832 | PCIe 2.0 x? | WiFi 6 | 2x2 | 40 | 80 | N |:heavy_check_mark: |? | ? | 21 | 22 | 23 | [1] AP mode support was recently added to the mt7921 driver via firmware. Many 24 | distros have not updated said firmware so you may have to do it yourself for now. 25 | 26 | https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/firmware/linux-firmware.git/log/mediatek 27 | 28 | ``` 29 | update firmware for MT7921 WiFi device 30 | or 31 | update firmware for mediatek bluetooth chip (MT7921) 32 | ``` 33 | [2] Need help to identify and provide information for Qualcomm chipsets. 34 | 35 | When adding new devices, the WiFi Alliance have a 36 | [useful search](https://www.wi-fi.org/product-finder-results?sort_by=certified) 37 | to find the product certification, which lists supported frequencies, 38 | bandwidths and other features. 39 | 40 | # WiFi 6E (802.11ax) 41 | 42 | Most 6E devices support Bluetooth as well, however Bluetooth is usually 43 | provided via a USB connector which must plug in to a USB port on the 44 | motherboard. The cards generally do not include a PCIe USB chipset. 45 | 46 | ## Mediatek MT7922 -supported in the [MT7921 module](https://patchwork.kernel.org/project/linux-wireless/patch/27e39fd3c6d70837772e56f85bf9b01e8beeca47.1626370282.git.deren.wu@mediatek.com/) 47 | 48 | :heavy_check_mark: In-kernel Linux support 49 | 50 | Adds support for 160 MHz channels to 5 and 6 GHz bands. 51 | Directly competes with Intel AX210, however it is a better choice over the Intel card 52 | for soft AP use in the 5 and 6 GHz bands. 53 | 54 | * [Vendor page](https://www.mediatek.com/products/products/broadband-wifi/mediatek-filogic-330) 55 | * [WiFi Alliance certification PDF](https://api.cert.wi-fi.org/api/certificate/download/public?variantId=101441) 56 | 57 | ## Intel AX210 58 | 59 | :heavy_check_mark: In-kernel Linux support 60 | 61 | :warning: This device enforces Intel Location Aware Regulatory (LAR) which 62 | prevents it from transmitting on the 5 and 6 GHz bands until it detects signals 63 | from nearby WiFi access points. LAR devices are very difficult to use as 64 | software access points with hostapd, unless you only require them to provide a 65 | WiFi network in the 2.4 GHz band. 66 | 67 | This device has a good reputation for being reliable as a client device, 68 | connecting to an existing WiFi network. 69 | 70 | All variants use M.2 socket key E, and are not compatible with an M.2 socket 71 | keyed M or B. 72 | 73 | * AX210NGW: As above, M.2 2230 form factor 74 | * AX210D2W: As above, M.2 1216 form factor 75 | 76 | Further information: 77 | 78 | * [WiFi Alliance certification PDF](https://api.cert.wi-fi.org/api/certificate/download/public?variantId=110324) 79 | * [Wireless CAT](https://wikidevi.wi-cat.ru/Intel_Wi-Fi_6E_AX210_(AX210NGW)) 80 | 81 | ## Mediatek MT7921K 82 | 83 | :heavy_check_mark: In-kernel Linux support 84 | 85 | :warning: Check the part number closely, only the parts ending with a K support 86 | the 6 GHz band. 87 | 88 | This card is a newer revision of the MT7921 with support for the 6 GHz band. 89 | Unlike the Intel AX210 it does not support 160 MHz channels (maxing out at 90 | 80 MHz), however it uses the standard Linux regulatory framework so unlike 91 | Intel devices, it will work as a software access point on the 5 and 6 GHz bands. 92 | 93 | Supported frequencies: 94 | 95 | * 2.4GHz: 2.412 - 2.472GHz 96 | * 5GHz: 5.18 - 5.32GHz, 5.50 - 5.72GHz, 5.745 - 5.825GHz 97 | * 6GHz: 5.955 - 6.415GHz, 6.435 - 6.525GHz, 6.525 - 6.875GHz, 6.875 - 7.115GHz 98 | 99 | Transfer rates: 100 | 101 | * 802.11b: up to 11 Mbps 102 | * 802.11a/g: up to 54 Mbps 103 | * 802.11n: up to 300 Mbps 104 | * 802.11ac: up to 866.7 Mbps 105 | * 802.11ax: up to 1201.0 Mbps 106 | 107 | Number of channels: 108 | 109 | * 2.4GHz 110 | * 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n (HT20), VHT20, 802.11ax (HE20): 13 111 | * 802.11n (HT40), VHT40, 802.11ax (HE40): 9 112 | * 5GHz 113 | * 802.11a, 802.11n (HT20), 802.11ac (VHT20), 802.11ax (HE20): 25 114 | * 802.11n (HT40), 802.11ac (VHT40), 802.11ax (HE40): 12 115 | * 802.11ac (VHT80), 802.11ax (HE80): 6 116 | * 6GHz 117 | * 802.11ax (HE20): 59 118 | * 802.11ax (HE40): 29 119 | * 802.11ax (HE80): 14 120 | 121 | Further information: 122 | 123 | * [WiFi Alliance certification PDF](https://api.cert.wi-fi.org/api/certificate/download/public?variantId=102893) 124 | * [Wireless CAT](https://wikidevi.wi-cat.ru/MediaTek_MT7921K_Reference_Design) 125 | 126 | # WiFi 6 (802.11ax) 127 | 128 | ## Intel AX200 129 | 130 | :heavy_check_mark: In-kernel Linux support 131 | 132 | :warning: This device enforces Intel Location Aware Regulatory (LAR) which 133 | prevents it from transmitting on the 5 and 6 GHz bands until it detects signals 134 | from nearby WiFi access points. LAR devices are very difficult to use as 135 | software access points with hostapd, unless you only require them to provide a 136 | WiFi network in the 2.4 GHz band. 137 | 138 | This device has been superseded by the AX210, which adds support for the 139 | 6 GHz band. 140 | 141 | Reports are that it works very well as a client connecting to an existing 142 | wireless network. 143 | 144 | Further information: 145 | 146 | * [WiFi Alliance certification PDF](https://api.cert.wi-fi.org/api/certificate/download/public?variantId=105436) 147 | * [Wireless CAT](https://wikidevi.wi-cat.ru/Intel_Wi-Fi_6_AX200_(AX200NGW)) 148 | 149 | ## Realtek RTL8852 150 | 151 | 152 | Further information: 153 | 154 | * [WiFi Alliance certification PDF](https://api.cert.wi-fi.org/api/certificate/download/public?variantId=101434) 155 | * [Wireless CAT](https://wikidevi.wi-cat.ru/Realtek_RTL8852AE_Combo_Module) 156 | 157 | ## Realtek RTL8832 158 | 159 | 160 | ## Mediatek MT7921 161 | 162 | :heavy_check_mark: In-kernel Linux support 163 | 164 | This device has been superseded by the MT7921K, which adds support for the 165 | 6 GHz band. 166 | 167 | Further information: 168 | 169 | * [WiFi Alliance certification PDF](https://api.cert.wi-fi.org/api/certificate/download/public?variantId=16519) 170 | * [Wireless CAT](https://wikidevi.wi-cat.ru/MediaTek_MT7921_Reference_Design) 171 | 172 | # WiFi 5 (802.11ac) 173 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /home/Recommended_Adapters_for_Kali_Linux.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2025-12-14 2 | 3 | Maintained by @morrownr 4 | 5 | ## Recommended Adapters for Kali Linux 6 | 7 | Kali and other distros used for pen testing, security analysis and other 8 | monitor mode work need usb wifi adapters that have drivers 9 | that do an excellent job of supporting monitor mode. This list of 10 | adapters is based on many conversations and a lot of testing. There are 11 | other adapters that may work but this list is designed to be a list of 12 | the best adapters that are available for purchase new at this time at 13 | reasonable prices. 14 | 15 | Note: The adapter that best meets your needs can depend on exactly what 16 | you plan to do so asking questions is a good idea. 17 | 18 | VERY IMPORTANT: All information in this document concerns the in-kernel, 19 | mac80211, Linux drivers as are available in the Linux kernel in the 20 | various series of driver known as mt76, rtw88 and rtw89. The old, 21 | depreciated Realtek out-of-kernel drivers have never done a good 22 | job with monitor mode and will not be considered in this document. Here 23 | is a short rundown of some of the monitor mode features in the mentioned 24 | series of drivers: 25 | 26 | mt76 - supports monitor mode, packet injection, VIF and active monitor 27 | mode (2025-12-14 - monitor mode is current brokden in the mt7921u 28 | driver as of kernel 6.18 and possibly some earlier kernels). 29 | 30 | rtw88 - support monitor mode and packet injection. Does not support 31 | active monitor mode or VIF. 32 | 33 | rtw88 - support monitor mode, packet injection and VIF. Does not support 34 | active monitor mode. 35 | 36 | Note: Specific Realtek WiFi 5 based adapters have been added to this 37 | list. The addition of these Realtek adapters is based on the use of the 38 | new, MODERN, mac80211, drivers that are in the Linux kernel as the rtw88 39 | driver series as of the following schedule: Realtek rtl8812au, 40 | rtl8821/11au chips (kernel 6.14) and the rtl8814au chip (kernel 6.16). 41 | If you have an earlier kernel, it is possible to install the rtw88 driver 42 | series by going to: 43 | 44 | https://github.com/lwfinger/rtw88 45 | 46 | Note: All listed adapters are 1) single-state (no Windows driver onboard), 2) single-function (wifi only) and 3) use Linux standards-compliant, in-kernel drivers. These 3 characteristics contribute to the adapters being stable, reliable and easy to use. 47 | 48 | Note: I am currently in the process of testing drivers and specific adapter for monitor mode performance. You can go down to [10] to see the reports as I am able to post them. 49 | 50 | | Adapter | Chipset | Class | Bands | USB | VIF | Active | WPA3 | Range | 51 | |----------------------------------------------|-----------|---------|-----------|-----|-----|--------|------|-----------| 52 | | ALFA AWUS036ACS [1] [4] (WiFi 5) | rtl8811au | AC600 | 2.4, 5 | 2 | No | No | Yes | Long | 53 | | ALFA AWUS036ACHM [1] (WiFi 5) | mt7610u | AC600 | 2.4, 5 | 2 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Very Long | 54 | | Panda PAU0B [1] (WiFi 5) | mt7610u | AC600 | 2.4, 5 | 2 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Very Long | 55 | | ASUS USB-AC51 (WiFi 5) | mt7610u | AC600 | 2.4, 5 | 2 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Medium | 56 | | ALFA AWUS036ACH [1] [4] (WiFi 5) | rtl8812au | AC1200 | 2.4, 5 | 3 | No | No | Yes | Very Long | 57 | | ALFA AWUS036ACM [1] (WiFi 5) | mt7612u | AC1200 | 2.4, 5 | 3 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Long | 58 | | Panda PAU0D (WiFi 5) | mt7612u | AC1200 | 2.4, 5 | 3 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Long | 59 | | ALFA AWUS1900 [1] [4] (WiFi 5) | rtl8814au | AC1900 | 2.4, 5 | 3 | No | No | Yes | Long | 60 | | EDUP EP-AX1672 [1] [3] (WiFi 6) | mt7921au | AXE3000 | 2.4, 5, 6 | 3 | Yes | ? | Yes | Long | 61 | | Panda PAU0F [3] (WiFi 6) | mt7921au | AXE3000 | 2.4, 5, 6 | 3 | Yes | ? | Yes | Long | 62 | | ALFA AWUS036AXML [1] [3] (WiFi 6) | mt7921aun | AXE3000 | 2.4, 5, 6 | 3 | Yes | ? | Yes | Long | 63 | | Netgear A8000 [3] (WiFi 6) | mt7921au | AXE3000 | 2.4, 5, 6 | 3 | Yes | ? | Yes | Long | 64 | | Brostrend AX9L [1] [3] (WiFi 6) | mt7921au | AXE3000 | 2.4, 5, 6 | 3 | Yes | ? | Yes | Long | 65 | | Netgear A9000 [1] (WiFi 7) | mt7925u | BE6500 | 2.4, 5, 6 | 3 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Long | 66 | 67 | Note: Information about and links to most of the above adapters can be found in the [Plug and Play List](https://github.com/morrownr/USB-WiFi/blob/main/home/USB_WiFi_Adapters_that_are_supported_with_Linux_in-kernel_drivers.md). 68 | 69 | [1] I have first hand experience with this adapter. 70 | 71 | [3] Monitor mode works well, very well, but Active Monitor Mode appears to be broken for now (2024-09-15). Active Monitor Mode is a feature within Monitor Mode that only a few users need it so it may not be an issue for you. Edit on 2025-01-15: I am seeing some reports that Active Monitor mode is now working on the mt7921au chip with kernel 6.12 and later. I have not confirmed this myself so further user reports would be helpful. 72 | 73 | [4] Support for the rtl8812au and rtl8821/11au chipsets was merged into kernels 6.13 and 6.14, therefore, kernel 6.14 is needed to use these chipsets unless you are willing to compile and install a driver. Support for the rtl8814au chipset was merged into kernels 6.15 and 6.16, therefore, kernel 6.16 is needed to use these chipsets unless you are willing to compile and install a driver. If you are willing to compile and install a driver that is based on the same source as the in-kernel driver, go to the following repo and follow the instructions: 74 | 75 | https://github.com/lwfinger/rtw88 76 | 77 | Note: Your input to maintain this list is welcome. Please report the results of your testing in `issues`. 78 | 79 | [10] The following is a list of monitor mode testing results. It can take a lot of time to do this work. Expect me to be updating this list over the next few months. 80 | 81 | The Netgear A9000 passes all monitor mode tests. It uses the mt7925u driver. Details as follows: 82 | 83 | ``` 84 | 2025-12-07 85 | Adapter: Netgear A9000 (WiFi 7, BE6500, tri-band) 86 | state: single, no Windows driver onboard. 87 | driver: mt7925u 88 | version: 6.18.0-v8+ 89 | firmware-version: ____000000-20251124093023 90 | VIF: valid interface combinations: 91 | * #{ managed, P2P-client } <= 2, #{ P2P-GO } <= 1, #{ P2P-device } <= 1, 92 | total <= 3, #channels <= 2 93 | * #{ managed, P2P-client } <= 2, #{ AP } <= 1, #{ P2P-device } <= 1, 94 | total <= 3, #channels <= 1 95 | SSIDs deteched: sudo iw dev wlan0 scan | grep SSID: - 12 96 | SSIDs deteched: sudo nmcli dev wifi list - 28 97 | * 98 | Test 1: Is monitor mode and packet injection working? 99 | Command line: sudo aireplay-ng --test wlan0mon 100 | Trying broadcast probe requests... 101 | Injection is working! 102 | Result: Pass 103 | * 104 | Test 2: Is monitor mode and packet injection working? 105 | Command line: sudo hcxdumptool --tot=2 --rcascan=active 106 | 17815 Packet(s) captured by kernel 107 | 663 Packet(s) dropped by kernel 108 | exit on TOT 109 | Result: Pass 110 | * 111 | Test3: Is active monitor mode capability working:? 112 | Command line: sudo hcxdumptool --tot=2 --rcascan=active -A 113 | 12454 Packet(s) captured by kernel 114 | 108 Packet(s) dropped by kernel 115 | exit on TOT 116 | Result: Pass, device supports active monitor (which will ACK incoming frames) 117 | iw list: shows support 118 | * 119 | Test4: How long does it take to successfully attack a target: 120 | Command line: time sudo hcxdumptool --exitoneapol=14 121 | 1494 Packet(s) captured by kernel 122 | 0 Packet(s) dropped by kernel 123 | exit on EAPOL M1M2ROGUE 124 | real 0m19.336s 125 | user 0m0.005s 126 | sys 0m0.025s 127 | * 128 | ``` 129 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /home/iw_list/PANDA_MINI.txt: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2022-11-09 2 | 3 | Panda Mini 4 | 5 | Maintained by @lukejenkins 6 | 7 | 8 | http://pandawireless.com/pandaMini.htm 9 | 10 | Chipset: Ralink RT3070 11 | 12 | usb-modeswitch not required. This is a single-state device. 13 | 14 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 15 | 16 | $ lsusb -vt | grep -E 'rt2800usb|Ralink' 17 | |__ Port 1: Dev 4, If 0, Class=Vendor Specific Class, Driver=rt2800usb, 480M 18 | ID 148f:3070 Ralink Technology, Corp. RT2870/RT3070 Wireless Adapter 19 | 20 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 21 | 22 | $ lsusb -v -d 148f:3070 | grep -E 'bcdUSB|idVendor|iProduct|MaxPower' 23 | bcdUSB 2.00 24 | idVendor 0x148f Ralink Technology, Corp. 25 | iProduct 2 802.11 n WLAN 26 | MaxPower 450mA 27 | bcdUSB 2.00 28 | 29 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 30 | 31 | $ iwconfig --version 32 | iwconfig Wireless-Tools version 30 33 | Compatible with Wireless Extension v11 to v22. 34 | 35 | Kernel Currently compiled with Wireless Extension v22. 36 | 37 | wlp0s20u1 Recommend Wireless Extension v21 or later, 38 | Currently compiled with Wireless Extension v22. 39 | 40 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 41 | 42 | $ iwconfig |& grep -Eo 'Tx-Power=.*dBm' 43 | Tx-Power=30 dBm 44 | 45 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 46 | 47 | $ uname -srvmo 48 | Linux 6.0.7-arch1-1 #1 SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Thu, 03 Nov 2022 18:01:58 +0000 x86_64 GNU/Linux 49 | 50 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 51 | 52 | $ iw --version 53 | iw version 5.19 54 | 55 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 56 | 57 | $ iw reg get 58 | global 59 | country US: DFS-FCC 60 | (902 - 904 @ 2), (N/A, 30), (N/A) 61 | (904 - 920 @ 16), (N/A, 30), (N/A) 62 | (920 - 928 @ 8), (N/A, 30), (N/A) 63 | (2400 - 2472 @ 40), (N/A, 30), (N/A) 64 | (5150 - 5250 @ 80), (N/A, 23), (N/A), AUTO-BW 65 | (5250 - 5350 @ 80), (N/A, 24), (0 ms), DFS, AUTO-BW 66 | (5470 - 5730 @ 160), (N/A, 24), (0 ms), DFS 67 | (5730 - 5850 @ 80), (N/A, 30), (N/A), AUTO-BW 68 | (5850 - 5895 @ 40), (N/A, 27), (N/A), NO-OUTDOOR, AUTO-BW, PASSIVE-SCAN 69 | (5925 - 7125 @ 320), (N/A, 12), (N/A), NO-OUTDOOR, PASSIVE-SCAN 70 | (57240 - 71000 @ 2160), (N/A, 40), (N/A) 71 | 72 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 73 | 74 | $ iw list 75 | Wiphy phy1 76 | wiphy index: 1 77 | max # scan SSIDs: 4 78 | max scan IEs length: 2257 bytes 79 | max # sched scan SSIDs: 0 80 | max # match sets: 0 81 | Retry short long limit: 2 82 | Coverage class: 0 (up to 0m) 83 | Device supports RSN-IBSS. 84 | Supported Ciphers: 85 | * WEP40 (00-0f-ac:1) 86 | * WEP104 (00-0f-ac:5) 87 | * TKIP (00-0f-ac:2) 88 | * CCMP-128 (00-0f-ac:4) 89 | * CCMP-256 (00-0f-ac:10) 90 | * GCMP-128 (00-0f-ac:8) 91 | * GCMP-256 (00-0f-ac:9) 92 | * CMAC (00-0f-ac:6) 93 | * CMAC-256 (00-0f-ac:13) 94 | * GMAC-128 (00-0f-ac:11) 95 | * GMAC-256 (00-0f-ac:12) 96 | Available Antennas: TX 0 RX 0 97 | Supported interface modes: 98 | * IBSS 99 | * managed 100 | * AP 101 | * AP/VLAN 102 | * monitor 103 | * mesh point 104 | Band 1: 105 | Capabilities: 0x17e 106 | HT20/HT40 107 | SM Power Save disabled 108 | RX Greenfield 109 | RX HT20 SGI 110 | RX HT40 SGI 111 | RX STBC 1-stream 112 | Max AMSDU length: 3839 bytes 113 | No DSSS/CCK HT40 114 | Maximum RX AMPDU length 32767 bytes (exponent: 0x002) 115 | Minimum RX AMPDU time spacing: 2 usec (0x04) 116 | HT TX/RX MCS rate indexes supported: 0-7, 32 117 | Bitrates (non-HT): 118 | * 1.0 Mbps 119 | * 2.0 Mbps (short preamble supported) 120 | * 5.5 Mbps (short preamble supported) 121 | * 11.0 Mbps (short preamble supported) 122 | * 6.0 Mbps 123 | * 9.0 Mbps 124 | * 12.0 Mbps 125 | * 18.0 Mbps 126 | * 24.0 Mbps 127 | * 36.0 Mbps 128 | * 48.0 Mbps 129 | * 54.0 Mbps 130 | Frequencies: 131 | * 2412 MHz [1] (30.0 dBm) 132 | * 2417 MHz [2] (30.0 dBm) 133 | * 2422 MHz [3] (30.0 dBm) 134 | * 2427 MHz [4] (30.0 dBm) 135 | * 2432 MHz [5] (30.0 dBm) 136 | * 2437 MHz [6] (30.0 dBm) 137 | * 2442 MHz [7] (30.0 dBm) 138 | * 2447 MHz [8] (30.0 dBm) 139 | * 2452 MHz [9] (30.0 dBm) 140 | * 2457 MHz [10] (30.0 dBm) 141 | * 2462 MHz [11] (30.0 dBm) 142 | * 2467 MHz [12] (disabled) 143 | * 2472 MHz [13] (disabled) 144 | * 2484 MHz [14] (disabled) 145 | Supported commands: 146 | * new_interface 147 | * set_interface 148 | * new_key 149 | * start_ap 150 | * new_station 151 | * new_mpath 152 | * set_mesh_config 153 | * set_bss 154 | * authenticate 155 | * associate 156 | * deauthenticate 157 | * disassociate 158 | * join_ibss 159 | * join_mesh 160 | * remain_on_channel 161 | * set_tx_bitrate_mask 162 | * frame 163 | * frame_wait_cancel 164 | * set_wiphy_netns 165 | * set_channel 166 | * probe_client 167 | * set_noack_map 168 | * register_beacons 169 | * start_p2p_device 170 | * set_mcast_rate 171 | * connect 172 | * disconnect 173 | * set_qos_map 174 | * set_multicast_to_unicast 175 | software interface modes (can always be added): 176 | * AP/VLAN 177 | * monitor 178 | valid interface combinations: 179 | * #{ AP, mesh point } <= 8, 180 | total <= 8, #channels <= 1 181 | HT Capability overrides: 182 | * MCS: ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff 183 | * maximum A-MSDU length 184 | * supported channel width 185 | * short GI for 40 MHz 186 | * max A-MPDU length exponent 187 | * min MPDU start spacing 188 | Device supports TX status socket option. 189 | Device supports HT-IBSS. 190 | Device supports SAE with AUTHENTICATE command 191 | Device supports low priority scan. 192 | Device supports scan flush. 193 | Device supports AP scan. 194 | Device supports per-vif TX power setting 195 | Driver supports full state transitions for AP/GO clients 196 | Driver supports a userspace MPM 197 | Device supports configuring vdev MAC-addr on create. 198 | max # scan plans: 1 199 | max scan plan interval: -1 200 | max scan plan iterations: 0 201 | Supported TX frame types: 202 | * IBSS: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 203 | * managed: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 204 | * AP: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 205 | * AP/VLAN: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 206 | * mesh point: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 207 | * P2P-client: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 208 | * P2P-GO: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 209 | * P2P-device: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 210 | Supported RX frame types: 211 | * IBSS: 0x40 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 212 | * managed: 0x40 0xb0 0xd0 213 | * AP: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 214 | * AP/VLAN: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 215 | * mesh point: 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 216 | * P2P-client: 0x40 0xd0 217 | * P2P-GO: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 218 | * P2P-device: 0x40 0xd0 219 | Supported extended features: 220 | * [ RRM ]: RRM 221 | * [ FILS_STA ]: STA FILS (Fast Initial Link Setup) 222 | * [ CQM_RSSI_LIST ]: multiple CQM_RSSI_THOLD records 223 | * [ CONTROL_PORT_OVER_NL80211 ]: control port over nl80211 224 | * [ SCAN_RANDOM_SN ]: use random sequence numbers in scans 225 | * [ SCAN_MIN_PREQ_CONTENT ]: use probe request with only rate IEs in scans 226 | * [ CONTROL_PORT_NO_PREAUTH ]: disable pre-auth over nl80211 control port support 227 | * [ DEL_IBSS_STA ]: deletion of IBSS station support 228 | * [ SCAN_FREQ_KHZ ]: scan on kHz frequency support 229 | * [ CONTROL_PORT_OVER_NL80211_TX_STATUS ]: tx status for nl80211 control port support 230 | 231 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 232 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /home/iw_list/PANDA_WHITE.txt: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2022-11-09 2 | 3 | Panda White 4 | 5 | Maintained by @lukejenkins 6 | 7 | 8 | http://www.pandawireless.com/Products%20|%20Panda%20Wireless.html 9 | 10 | Chipset: Ralink RT3070 11 | 12 | usb-modeswitch not required. This is a single-state device. 13 | 14 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 15 | 16 | $ lsusb -vt | grep -E 'rt2800usb|Ralink' 17 | |__ Port 1: Dev 5, If 0, Class=Vendor Specific Class, Driver=rt2800usb, 480M 18 | ID 148f:3070 Ralink Technology, Corp. RT2870/RT3070 Wireless Adapter 19 | 20 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 21 | 22 | $ lsusb -v -d 148f:3070 | grep -E 'bcdUSB|idVendor|iProduct|MaxPower' 23 | bcdUSB 2.00 24 | idVendor 0x148f Ralink Technology, Corp. 25 | iProduct 2 802.11 n WLAN 26 | MaxPower 450mA 27 | bcdUSB 2.00 28 | 29 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 30 | 31 | $ iwconfig --version 32 | iwconfig Wireless-Tools version 30 33 | Compatible with Wireless Extension v11 to v22. 34 | 35 | Kernel Currently compiled with Wireless Extension v22. 36 | 37 | wlp0s20u1 Recommend Wireless Extension v21 or later, 38 | Currently compiled with Wireless Extension v22. 39 | 40 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 41 | 42 | $ iwconfig |& grep -Eo 'Tx-Power=.*dBm' 43 | Tx-Power=30 dBm 44 | 45 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 46 | 47 | $ uname -srvmo 48 | Linux 6.0.7-arch1-1 #1 SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Thu, 03 Nov 2022 18:01:58 +0000 x86_64 GNU/Linux 49 | 50 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 51 | 52 | $ iw --version 53 | iw version 5.19 54 | 55 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 56 | 57 | $ iw reg get 58 | global 59 | country US: DFS-FCC 60 | (902 - 904 @ 2), (N/A, 30), (N/A) 61 | (904 - 920 @ 16), (N/A, 30), (N/A) 62 | (920 - 928 @ 8), (N/A, 30), (N/A) 63 | (2400 - 2472 @ 40), (N/A, 30), (N/A) 64 | (5150 - 5250 @ 80), (N/A, 23), (N/A), AUTO-BW 65 | (5250 - 5350 @ 80), (N/A, 24), (0 ms), DFS, AUTO-BW 66 | (5470 - 5730 @ 160), (N/A, 24), (0 ms), DFS 67 | (5730 - 5850 @ 80), (N/A, 30), (N/A), AUTO-BW 68 | (5850 - 5895 @ 40), (N/A, 27), (N/A), NO-OUTDOOR, AUTO-BW, PASSIVE-SCAN 69 | (5925 - 7125 @ 320), (N/A, 12), (N/A), NO-OUTDOOR, PASSIVE-SCAN 70 | (57240 - 71000 @ 2160), (N/A, 40), (N/A) 71 | 72 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 73 | 74 | $ iw list 75 | Wiphy phy2 76 | wiphy index: 2 77 | max # scan SSIDs: 4 78 | max scan IEs length: 2257 bytes 79 | max # sched scan SSIDs: 0 80 | max # match sets: 0 81 | Retry short long limit: 2 82 | Coverage class: 0 (up to 0m) 83 | Device supports RSN-IBSS. 84 | Supported Ciphers: 85 | * WEP40 (00-0f-ac:1) 86 | * WEP104 (00-0f-ac:5) 87 | * TKIP (00-0f-ac:2) 88 | * CCMP-128 (00-0f-ac:4) 89 | * CCMP-256 (00-0f-ac:10) 90 | * GCMP-128 (00-0f-ac:8) 91 | * GCMP-256 (00-0f-ac:9) 92 | * CMAC (00-0f-ac:6) 93 | * CMAC-256 (00-0f-ac:13) 94 | * GMAC-128 (00-0f-ac:11) 95 | * GMAC-256 (00-0f-ac:12) 96 | Available Antennas: TX 0 RX 0 97 | Supported interface modes: 98 | * IBSS 99 | * managed 100 | * AP 101 | * AP/VLAN 102 | * monitor 103 | * mesh point 104 | Band 1: 105 | Capabilities: 0x17e 106 | HT20/HT40 107 | SM Power Save disabled 108 | RX Greenfield 109 | RX HT20 SGI 110 | RX HT40 SGI 111 | RX STBC 1-stream 112 | Max AMSDU length: 3839 bytes 113 | No DSSS/CCK HT40 114 | Maximum RX AMPDU length 32767 bytes (exponent: 0x002) 115 | Minimum RX AMPDU time spacing: 2 usec (0x04) 116 | HT TX/RX MCS rate indexes supported: 0-7, 32 117 | Bitrates (non-HT): 118 | * 1.0 Mbps 119 | * 2.0 Mbps (short preamble supported) 120 | * 5.5 Mbps (short preamble supported) 121 | * 11.0 Mbps (short preamble supported) 122 | * 6.0 Mbps 123 | * 9.0 Mbps 124 | * 12.0 Mbps 125 | * 18.0 Mbps 126 | * 24.0 Mbps 127 | * 36.0 Mbps 128 | * 48.0 Mbps 129 | * 54.0 Mbps 130 | Frequencies: 131 | * 2412 MHz [1] (30.0 dBm) 132 | * 2417 MHz [2] (30.0 dBm) 133 | * 2422 MHz [3] (30.0 dBm) 134 | * 2427 MHz [4] (30.0 dBm) 135 | * 2432 MHz [5] (30.0 dBm) 136 | * 2437 MHz [6] (30.0 dBm) 137 | * 2442 MHz [7] (30.0 dBm) 138 | * 2447 MHz [8] (30.0 dBm) 139 | * 2452 MHz [9] (30.0 dBm) 140 | * 2457 MHz [10] (30.0 dBm) 141 | * 2462 MHz [11] (30.0 dBm) 142 | * 2467 MHz [12] (disabled) 143 | * 2472 MHz [13] (disabled) 144 | * 2484 MHz [14] (disabled) 145 | Supported commands: 146 | * new_interface 147 | * set_interface 148 | * new_key 149 | * start_ap 150 | * new_station 151 | * new_mpath 152 | * set_mesh_config 153 | * set_bss 154 | * authenticate 155 | * associate 156 | * deauthenticate 157 | * disassociate 158 | * join_ibss 159 | * join_mesh 160 | * remain_on_channel 161 | * set_tx_bitrate_mask 162 | * frame 163 | * frame_wait_cancel 164 | * set_wiphy_netns 165 | * set_channel 166 | * probe_client 167 | * set_noack_map 168 | * register_beacons 169 | * start_p2p_device 170 | * set_mcast_rate 171 | * connect 172 | * disconnect 173 | * set_qos_map 174 | * set_multicast_to_unicast 175 | software interface modes (can always be added): 176 | * AP/VLAN 177 | * monitor 178 | valid interface combinations: 179 | * #{ AP, mesh point } <= 8, 180 | total <= 8, #channels <= 1 181 | HT Capability overrides: 182 | * MCS: ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff 183 | * maximum A-MSDU length 184 | * supported channel width 185 | * short GI for 40 MHz 186 | * max A-MPDU length exponent 187 | * min MPDU start spacing 188 | Device supports TX status socket option. 189 | Device supports HT-IBSS. 190 | Device supports SAE with AUTHENTICATE command 191 | Device supports low priority scan. 192 | Device supports scan flush. 193 | Device supports AP scan. 194 | Device supports per-vif TX power setting 195 | Driver supports full state transitions for AP/GO clients 196 | Driver supports a userspace MPM 197 | Device supports configuring vdev MAC-addr on create. 198 | max # scan plans: 1 199 | max scan plan interval: -1 200 | max scan plan iterations: 0 201 | Supported TX frame types: 202 | * IBSS: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 203 | * managed: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 204 | * AP: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 205 | * AP/VLAN: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 206 | * mesh point: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 207 | * P2P-client: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 208 | * P2P-GO: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 209 | * P2P-device: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 210 | Supported RX frame types: 211 | * IBSS: 0x40 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 212 | * managed: 0x40 0xb0 0xd0 213 | * AP: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 214 | * AP/VLAN: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 215 | * mesh point: 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 216 | * P2P-client: 0x40 0xd0 217 | * P2P-GO: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 218 | * P2P-device: 0x40 0xd0 219 | Supported extended features: 220 | * [ RRM ]: RRM 221 | * [ FILS_STA ]: STA FILS (Fast Initial Link Setup) 222 | * [ CQM_RSSI_LIST ]: multiple CQM_RSSI_THOLD records 223 | * [ CONTROL_PORT_OVER_NL80211 ]: control port over nl80211 224 | * [ SCAN_RANDOM_SN ]: use random sequence numbers in scans 225 | * [ SCAN_MIN_PREQ_CONTENT ]: use probe request with only rate IEs in scans 226 | * [ CONTROL_PORT_NO_PREAUTH ]: disable pre-auth over nl80211 control port support 227 | * [ DEL_IBSS_STA ]: deletion of IBSS station support 228 | * [ SCAN_FREQ_KHZ ]: scan on kHz frequency support 229 | * [ CONTROL_PORT_OVER_NL80211_TX_STATUS ]: tx status for nl80211 control port support 230 | 231 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 232 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /home/iw_list/PANDA_PAU03.txt: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2022-11-09 2 | 3 | Panda PAU03 4 | 5 | Maintained by @lukejenkins 6 | 7 | 8 | http://www.pandawireless.com/pandaUltra.htm 9 | 10 | FCC ID: 2ADUTLGPAU03 11 | 12 | Chipset: Ralink RT5370 13 | 14 | usb-modeswitch not required. This is a single-state device. 15 | 16 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 17 | 18 | $ lsusb -vt | grep -E 'rt2800usb|Ralink' 19 | |__ Port 1: Dev 6, If 0, Class=Vendor Specific Class, Driver=rt2800usb, 480M 20 | ID 148f:5370 Ralink Technology, Corp. RT5370 Wireless Adapter 21 | 22 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 23 | 24 | $ lsusb -v -d 148f:5370 | grep -E 'bcdUSB|idVendor|iProduct|MaxPower' 25 | bcdUSB 2.00 26 | idVendor 0x148f Ralink Technology, Corp. 27 | iProduct 2 802.11 n WLAN 28 | MaxPower 450mA 29 | bcdUSB 2.00 30 | 31 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 32 | 33 | $ iwconfig --version 34 | iwconfig Wireless-Tools version 30 35 | Compatible with Wireless Extension v11 to v22. 36 | 37 | Kernel Currently compiled with Wireless Extension v22. 38 | 39 | wlp0s20u1 Recommend Wireless Extension v21 or later, 40 | Currently compiled with Wireless Extension v22. 41 | 42 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 43 | 44 | $ iwconfig |& grep -Eo 'Tx-Power=.*dBm' 45 | Tx-Power=30 dBm 46 | 47 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 48 | 49 | $ uname -srvmo 50 | Linux 6.0.7-arch1-1 #1 SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Thu, 03 Nov 2022 18:01:58 +0000 x86_64 GNU/Linux 51 | 52 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 53 | 54 | $ iw --version 55 | iw version 5.19 56 | 57 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 58 | 59 | $ iw reg get 60 | global 61 | country US: DFS-FCC 62 | (902 - 904 @ 2), (N/A, 30), (N/A) 63 | (904 - 920 @ 16), (N/A, 30), (N/A) 64 | (920 - 928 @ 8), (N/A, 30), (N/A) 65 | (2400 - 2472 @ 40), (N/A, 30), (N/A) 66 | (5150 - 5250 @ 80), (N/A, 23), (N/A), AUTO-BW 67 | (5250 - 5350 @ 80), (N/A, 24), (0 ms), DFS, AUTO-BW 68 | (5470 - 5730 @ 160), (N/A, 24), (0 ms), DFS 69 | (5730 - 5850 @ 80), (N/A, 30), (N/A), AUTO-BW 70 | (5850 - 5895 @ 40), (N/A, 27), (N/A), NO-OUTDOOR, AUTO-BW, PASSIVE-SCAN 71 | (5925 - 7125 @ 320), (N/A, 12), (N/A), NO-OUTDOOR, PASSIVE-SCAN 72 | (57240 - 71000 @ 2160), (N/A, 40), (N/A) 73 | 74 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 75 | 76 | $ iw list 77 | Wiphy phy3 78 | wiphy index: 3 79 | max # scan SSIDs: 4 80 | max scan IEs length: 2257 bytes 81 | max # sched scan SSIDs: 0 82 | max # match sets: 0 83 | Retry short long limit: 2 84 | Coverage class: 0 (up to 0m) 85 | Device supports RSN-IBSS. 86 | Supported Ciphers: 87 | * WEP40 (00-0f-ac:1) 88 | * WEP104 (00-0f-ac:5) 89 | * TKIP (00-0f-ac:2) 90 | * CCMP-128 (00-0f-ac:4) 91 | * CCMP-256 (00-0f-ac:10) 92 | * GCMP-128 (00-0f-ac:8) 93 | * GCMP-256 (00-0f-ac:9) 94 | * CMAC (00-0f-ac:6) 95 | * CMAC-256 (00-0f-ac:13) 96 | * GMAC-128 (00-0f-ac:11) 97 | * GMAC-256 (00-0f-ac:12) 98 | Available Antennas: TX 0 RX 0 99 | Supported interface modes: 100 | * IBSS 101 | * managed 102 | * AP 103 | * AP/VLAN 104 | * monitor 105 | * mesh point 106 | Band 1: 107 | Capabilities: 0x17e 108 | HT20/HT40 109 | SM Power Save disabled 110 | RX Greenfield 111 | RX HT20 SGI 112 | RX HT40 SGI 113 | RX STBC 1-stream 114 | Max AMSDU length: 3839 bytes 115 | No DSSS/CCK HT40 116 | Maximum RX AMPDU length 32767 bytes (exponent: 0x002) 117 | Minimum RX AMPDU time spacing: 2 usec (0x04) 118 | HT TX/RX MCS rate indexes supported: 0-7, 32 119 | Bitrates (non-HT): 120 | * 1.0 Mbps 121 | * 2.0 Mbps (short preamble supported) 122 | * 5.5 Mbps (short preamble supported) 123 | * 11.0 Mbps (short preamble supported) 124 | * 6.0 Mbps 125 | * 9.0 Mbps 126 | * 12.0 Mbps 127 | * 18.0 Mbps 128 | * 24.0 Mbps 129 | * 36.0 Mbps 130 | * 48.0 Mbps 131 | * 54.0 Mbps 132 | Frequencies: 133 | * 2412 MHz [1] (30.0 dBm) 134 | * 2417 MHz [2] (30.0 dBm) 135 | * 2422 MHz [3] (30.0 dBm) 136 | * 2427 MHz [4] (30.0 dBm) 137 | * 2432 MHz [5] (30.0 dBm) 138 | * 2437 MHz [6] (30.0 dBm) 139 | * 2442 MHz [7] (30.0 dBm) 140 | * 2447 MHz [8] (30.0 dBm) 141 | * 2452 MHz [9] (30.0 dBm) 142 | * 2457 MHz [10] (30.0 dBm) 143 | * 2462 MHz [11] (30.0 dBm) 144 | * 2467 MHz [12] (disabled) 145 | * 2472 MHz [13] (disabled) 146 | * 2484 MHz [14] (disabled) 147 | Supported commands: 148 | * new_interface 149 | * set_interface 150 | * new_key 151 | * start_ap 152 | * new_station 153 | * new_mpath 154 | * set_mesh_config 155 | * set_bss 156 | * authenticate 157 | * associate 158 | * deauthenticate 159 | * disassociate 160 | * join_ibss 161 | * join_mesh 162 | * remain_on_channel 163 | * set_tx_bitrate_mask 164 | * frame 165 | * frame_wait_cancel 166 | * set_wiphy_netns 167 | * set_channel 168 | * probe_client 169 | * set_noack_map 170 | * register_beacons 171 | * start_p2p_device 172 | * set_mcast_rate 173 | * connect 174 | * disconnect 175 | * set_qos_map 176 | * set_multicast_to_unicast 177 | software interface modes (can always be added): 178 | * AP/VLAN 179 | * monitor 180 | valid interface combinations: 181 | * #{ AP, mesh point } <= 8, 182 | total <= 8, #channels <= 1 183 | HT Capability overrides: 184 | * MCS: ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff 185 | * maximum A-MSDU length 186 | * supported channel width 187 | * short GI for 40 MHz 188 | * max A-MPDU length exponent 189 | * min MPDU start spacing 190 | Device supports TX status socket option. 191 | Device supports HT-IBSS. 192 | Device supports SAE with AUTHENTICATE command 193 | Device supports low priority scan. 194 | Device supports scan flush. 195 | Device supports AP scan. 196 | Device supports per-vif TX power setting 197 | Driver supports full state transitions for AP/GO clients 198 | Driver supports a userspace MPM 199 | Device supports configuring vdev MAC-addr on create. 200 | max # scan plans: 1 201 | max scan plan interval: -1 202 | max scan plan iterations: 0 203 | Supported TX frame types: 204 | * IBSS: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 205 | * managed: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 206 | * AP: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 207 | * AP/VLAN: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 208 | * mesh point: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 209 | * P2P-client: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 210 | * P2P-GO: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 211 | * P2P-device: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 212 | Supported RX frame types: 213 | * IBSS: 0x40 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 214 | * managed: 0x40 0xb0 0xd0 215 | * AP: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 216 | * AP/VLAN: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 217 | * mesh point: 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 218 | * P2P-client: 0x40 0xd0 219 | * P2P-GO: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 220 | * P2P-device: 0x40 0xd0 221 | Supported extended features: 222 | * [ RRM ]: RRM 223 | * [ FILS_STA ]: STA FILS (Fast Initial Link Setup) 224 | * [ CQM_RSSI_LIST ]: multiple CQM_RSSI_THOLD records 225 | * [ CONTROL_PORT_OVER_NL80211 ]: control port over nl80211 226 | * [ SCAN_RANDOM_SN ]: use random sequence numbers in scans 227 | * [ SCAN_MIN_PREQ_CONTENT ]: use probe request with only rate IEs in scans 228 | * [ CONTROL_PORT_NO_PREAUTH ]: disable pre-auth over nl80211 control port support 229 | * [ DEL_IBSS_STA ]: deletion of IBSS station support 230 | * [ SCAN_FREQ_KHZ ]: scan on kHz frequency support 231 | * [ CONTROL_PORT_OVER_NL80211_TX_STATUS ]: tx status for nl80211 control port support 232 | 233 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 234 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /home/iw_list/PANDA_PAU04.txt: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2022-11-09 2 | 3 | Panda PAU04 4 | 5 | Maintained by @lukejenkins 6 | 7 | 8 | http://pandawireless.com/pandaMidRange.htm 9 | 10 | FCC ID: 2ADUTLGPAU04 11 | 12 | Chipset: Ralink RT5370 13 | 14 | usb-modeswitch not required. This is a single-state device. 15 | 16 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 17 | 18 | $ lsusb -vt | grep -E 'rt2800usb|Ralink' 19 | |__ Port 1: Dev 7, If 0, Class=Vendor Specific Class, Driver=rt2800usb, 480M 20 | ID 148f:5370 Ralink Technology, Corp. RT5370 Wireless Adapter 21 | 22 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 23 | 24 | $ lsusb -v -d 148f:5370 | grep -E 'bcdUSB|idVendor|iProduct|MaxPower' 25 | bcdUSB 2.00 26 | idVendor 0x148f Ralink Technology, Corp. 27 | iProduct 2 802.11 n WLAN 28 | MaxPower 450mA 29 | bcdUSB 2.00 30 | 31 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 32 | 33 | $ iwconfig --version 34 | iwconfig Wireless-Tools version 30 35 | Compatible with Wireless Extension v11 to v22. 36 | 37 | Kernel Currently compiled with Wireless Extension v22. 38 | 39 | wlp0s20u1 Recommend Wireless Extension v21 or later, 40 | Currently compiled with Wireless Extension v22. 41 | 42 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 43 | 44 | $ iwconfig |& grep -Eo 'Tx-Power=.*dBm' 45 | Tx-Power=30 dBm 46 | 47 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 48 | 49 | $ uname -srvmo 50 | Linux 6.0.7-arch1-1 #1 SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Thu, 03 Nov 2022 18:01:58 +0000 x86_64 GNU/Linux 51 | 52 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 53 | 54 | $ iw --version 55 | iw version 5.19 56 | 57 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 58 | 59 | $ iw reg get 60 | global 61 | country US: DFS-FCC 62 | (902 - 904 @ 2), (N/A, 30), (N/A) 63 | (904 - 920 @ 16), (N/A, 30), (N/A) 64 | (920 - 928 @ 8), (N/A, 30), (N/A) 65 | (2400 - 2472 @ 40), (N/A, 30), (N/A) 66 | (5150 - 5250 @ 80), (N/A, 23), (N/A), AUTO-BW 67 | (5250 - 5350 @ 80), (N/A, 24), (0 ms), DFS, AUTO-BW 68 | (5470 - 5730 @ 160), (N/A, 24), (0 ms), DFS 69 | (5730 - 5850 @ 80), (N/A, 30), (N/A), AUTO-BW 70 | (5850 - 5895 @ 40), (N/A, 27), (N/A), NO-OUTDOOR, AUTO-BW, PASSIVE-SCAN 71 | (5925 - 7125 @ 320), (N/A, 12), (N/A), NO-OUTDOOR, PASSIVE-SCAN 72 | (57240 - 71000 @ 2160), (N/A, 40), (N/A) 73 | 74 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 75 | 76 | $ iw list 77 | Wiphy phy4 78 | wiphy index: 4 79 | max # scan SSIDs: 4 80 | max scan IEs length: 2257 bytes 81 | max # sched scan SSIDs: 0 82 | max # match sets: 0 83 | Retry short long limit: 2 84 | Coverage class: 0 (up to 0m) 85 | Device supports RSN-IBSS. 86 | Supported Ciphers: 87 | * WEP40 (00-0f-ac:1) 88 | * WEP104 (00-0f-ac:5) 89 | * TKIP (00-0f-ac:2) 90 | * CCMP-128 (00-0f-ac:4) 91 | * CCMP-256 (00-0f-ac:10) 92 | * GCMP-128 (00-0f-ac:8) 93 | * GCMP-256 (00-0f-ac:9) 94 | * CMAC (00-0f-ac:6) 95 | * CMAC-256 (00-0f-ac:13) 96 | * GMAC-128 (00-0f-ac:11) 97 | * GMAC-256 (00-0f-ac:12) 98 | Available Antennas: TX 0 RX 0 99 | Supported interface modes: 100 | * IBSS 101 | * managed 102 | * AP 103 | * AP/VLAN 104 | * monitor 105 | * mesh point 106 | Band 1: 107 | Capabilities: 0x17e 108 | HT20/HT40 109 | SM Power Save disabled 110 | RX Greenfield 111 | RX HT20 SGI 112 | RX HT40 SGI 113 | RX STBC 1-stream 114 | Max AMSDU length: 3839 bytes 115 | No DSSS/CCK HT40 116 | Maximum RX AMPDU length 32767 bytes (exponent: 0x002) 117 | Minimum RX AMPDU time spacing: 2 usec (0x04) 118 | HT TX/RX MCS rate indexes supported: 0-7, 32 119 | Bitrates (non-HT): 120 | * 1.0 Mbps 121 | * 2.0 Mbps (short preamble supported) 122 | * 5.5 Mbps (short preamble supported) 123 | * 11.0 Mbps (short preamble supported) 124 | * 6.0 Mbps 125 | * 9.0 Mbps 126 | * 12.0 Mbps 127 | * 18.0 Mbps 128 | * 24.0 Mbps 129 | * 36.0 Mbps 130 | * 48.0 Mbps 131 | * 54.0 Mbps 132 | Frequencies: 133 | * 2412 MHz [1] (30.0 dBm) 134 | * 2417 MHz [2] (30.0 dBm) 135 | * 2422 MHz [3] (30.0 dBm) 136 | * 2427 MHz [4] (30.0 dBm) 137 | * 2432 MHz [5] (30.0 dBm) 138 | * 2437 MHz [6] (30.0 dBm) 139 | * 2442 MHz [7] (30.0 dBm) 140 | * 2447 MHz [8] (30.0 dBm) 141 | * 2452 MHz [9] (30.0 dBm) 142 | * 2457 MHz [10] (30.0 dBm) 143 | * 2462 MHz [11] (30.0 dBm) 144 | * 2467 MHz [12] (disabled) 145 | * 2472 MHz [13] (disabled) 146 | * 2484 MHz [14] (disabled) 147 | Supported commands: 148 | * new_interface 149 | * set_interface 150 | * new_key 151 | * start_ap 152 | * new_station 153 | * new_mpath 154 | * set_mesh_config 155 | * set_bss 156 | * authenticate 157 | * associate 158 | * deauthenticate 159 | * disassociate 160 | * join_ibss 161 | * join_mesh 162 | * remain_on_channel 163 | * set_tx_bitrate_mask 164 | * frame 165 | * frame_wait_cancel 166 | * set_wiphy_netns 167 | * set_channel 168 | * probe_client 169 | * set_noack_map 170 | * register_beacons 171 | * start_p2p_device 172 | * set_mcast_rate 173 | * connect 174 | * disconnect 175 | * set_qos_map 176 | * set_multicast_to_unicast 177 | software interface modes (can always be added): 178 | * AP/VLAN 179 | * monitor 180 | valid interface combinations: 181 | * #{ AP, mesh point } <= 8, 182 | total <= 8, #channels <= 1 183 | HT Capability overrides: 184 | * MCS: ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff 185 | * maximum A-MSDU length 186 | * supported channel width 187 | * short GI for 40 MHz 188 | * max A-MPDU length exponent 189 | * min MPDU start spacing 190 | Device supports TX status socket option. 191 | Device supports HT-IBSS. 192 | Device supports SAE with AUTHENTICATE command 193 | Device supports low priority scan. 194 | Device supports scan flush. 195 | Device supports AP scan. 196 | Device supports per-vif TX power setting 197 | Driver supports full state transitions for AP/GO clients 198 | Driver supports a userspace MPM 199 | Device supports configuring vdev MAC-addr on create. 200 | max # scan plans: 1 201 | max scan plan interval: -1 202 | max scan plan iterations: 0 203 | Supported TX frame types: 204 | * IBSS: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 205 | * managed: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 206 | * AP: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 207 | * AP/VLAN: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 208 | * mesh point: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 209 | * P2P-client: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 210 | * P2P-GO: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 211 | * P2P-device: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 212 | Supported RX frame types: 213 | * IBSS: 0x40 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 214 | * managed: 0x40 0xb0 0xd0 215 | * AP: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 216 | * AP/VLAN: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 217 | * mesh point: 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 218 | * P2P-client: 0x40 0xd0 219 | * P2P-GO: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 220 | * P2P-device: 0x40 0xd0 221 | Supported extended features: 222 | * [ RRM ]: RRM 223 | * [ FILS_STA ]: STA FILS (Fast Initial Link Setup) 224 | * [ CQM_RSSI_LIST ]: multiple CQM_RSSI_THOLD records 225 | * [ CONTROL_PORT_OVER_NL80211 ]: control port over nl80211 226 | * [ SCAN_RANDOM_SN ]: use random sequence numbers in scans 227 | * [ SCAN_MIN_PREQ_CONTENT ]: use probe request with only rate IEs in scans 228 | * [ CONTROL_PORT_NO_PREAUTH ]: disable pre-auth over nl80211 control port support 229 | * [ DEL_IBSS_STA ]: deletion of IBSS station support 230 | * [ SCAN_FREQ_KHZ ]: scan on kHz frequency support 231 | * [ CONTROL_PORT_OVER_NL80211_TX_STATUS ]: tx status for nl80211 control port support 232 | 233 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 234 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /home/iw_list/PANDA_PAU08.txt: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2022-11-09 2 | 3 | Panda PAU08 4 | 5 | Maintained by @lukejenkins 6 | 7 | 8 | http://pandawireless.com/pandaLongRange.htm 9 | 10 | FCC ID: 2ADUTLGPAU08 11 | 12 | Chipset: Ralink RT3070 13 | 14 | usb-modeswitch not required. This is a single-state device. 15 | 16 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 17 | 18 | $ lsusb -vt | grep -E 'rt2800usb|Ralink' 19 | |__ Port 1: Dev 11, If 0, Class=Vendor Specific Class, Driver=rt2800usb, 480M 20 | ID 148f:3070 Ralink Technology, Corp. RT2870/RT3070 Wireless Adapter 21 | 22 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 23 | 24 | $ lsusb -v -d 148f:3070 | grep -E 'bcdUSB|idVendor|iProduct|MaxPower' 25 | bcdUSB 2.00 26 | idVendor 0x148f Ralink Technology, Corp. 27 | iProduct 2 802.11 n WLAN 28 | MaxPower 450mA 29 | bcdUSB 2.00 30 | 31 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 32 | 33 | $ iwconfig --version 34 | iwconfig Wireless-Tools version 30 35 | Compatible with Wireless Extension v11 to v22. 36 | 37 | Kernel Currently compiled with Wireless Extension v22. 38 | 39 | wlp0s20u1 Recommend Wireless Extension v21 or later, 40 | Currently compiled with Wireless Extension v22. 41 | 42 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 43 | 44 | $ iwconfig |& grep -Eo 'Tx-Power=.*dBm' 45 | Tx-Power=30 dBm 46 | 47 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 48 | 49 | $ uname -srvmo 50 | Linux 6.0.7-arch1-1 #1 SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Thu, 03 Nov 2022 18:01:58 +0000 x86_64 GNU/Linux 51 | 52 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 53 | 54 | $ iw --version 55 | iw version 5.19 56 | 57 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 58 | 59 | $ iw reg get 60 | global 61 | country US: DFS-FCC 62 | (902 - 904 @ 2), (N/A, 30), (N/A) 63 | (904 - 920 @ 16), (N/A, 30), (N/A) 64 | (920 - 928 @ 8), (N/A, 30), (N/A) 65 | (2400 - 2472 @ 40), (N/A, 30), (N/A) 66 | (5150 - 5250 @ 80), (N/A, 23), (N/A), AUTO-BW 67 | (5250 - 5350 @ 80), (N/A, 24), (0 ms), DFS, AUTO-BW 68 | (5470 - 5730 @ 160), (N/A, 24), (0 ms), DFS 69 | (5730 - 5850 @ 80), (N/A, 30), (N/A), AUTO-BW 70 | (5850 - 5895 @ 40), (N/A, 27), (N/A), NO-OUTDOOR, AUTO-BW, PASSIVE-SCAN 71 | (5925 - 7125 @ 320), (N/A, 12), (N/A), NO-OUTDOOR, PASSIVE-SCAN 72 | (57240 - 71000 @ 2160), (N/A, 40), (N/A) 73 | 74 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 75 | 76 | $ iw list 77 | Wiphy phy8 78 | wiphy index: 8 79 | max # scan SSIDs: 4 80 | max scan IEs length: 2257 bytes 81 | max # sched scan SSIDs: 0 82 | max # match sets: 0 83 | Retry short long limit: 2 84 | Coverage class: 0 (up to 0m) 85 | Device supports RSN-IBSS. 86 | Supported Ciphers: 87 | * WEP40 (00-0f-ac:1) 88 | * WEP104 (00-0f-ac:5) 89 | * TKIP (00-0f-ac:2) 90 | * CCMP-128 (00-0f-ac:4) 91 | * CCMP-256 (00-0f-ac:10) 92 | * GCMP-128 (00-0f-ac:8) 93 | * GCMP-256 (00-0f-ac:9) 94 | * CMAC (00-0f-ac:6) 95 | * CMAC-256 (00-0f-ac:13) 96 | * GMAC-128 (00-0f-ac:11) 97 | * GMAC-256 (00-0f-ac:12) 98 | Available Antennas: TX 0 RX 0 99 | Supported interface modes: 100 | * IBSS 101 | * managed 102 | * AP 103 | * AP/VLAN 104 | * monitor 105 | * mesh point 106 | Band 1: 107 | Capabilities: 0x17e 108 | HT20/HT40 109 | SM Power Save disabled 110 | RX Greenfield 111 | RX HT20 SGI 112 | RX HT40 SGI 113 | RX STBC 1-stream 114 | Max AMSDU length: 3839 bytes 115 | No DSSS/CCK HT40 116 | Maximum RX AMPDU length 32767 bytes (exponent: 0x002) 117 | Minimum RX AMPDU time spacing: 2 usec (0x04) 118 | HT TX/RX MCS rate indexes supported: 0-7, 32 119 | Bitrates (non-HT): 120 | * 1.0 Mbps 121 | * 2.0 Mbps (short preamble supported) 122 | * 5.5 Mbps (short preamble supported) 123 | * 11.0 Mbps (short preamble supported) 124 | * 6.0 Mbps 125 | * 9.0 Mbps 126 | * 12.0 Mbps 127 | * 18.0 Mbps 128 | * 24.0 Mbps 129 | * 36.0 Mbps 130 | * 48.0 Mbps 131 | * 54.0 Mbps 132 | Frequencies: 133 | * 2412 MHz [1] (30.0 dBm) 134 | * 2417 MHz [2] (30.0 dBm) 135 | * 2422 MHz [3] (30.0 dBm) 136 | * 2427 MHz [4] (30.0 dBm) 137 | * 2432 MHz [5] (30.0 dBm) 138 | * 2437 MHz [6] (30.0 dBm) 139 | * 2442 MHz [7] (30.0 dBm) 140 | * 2447 MHz [8] (30.0 dBm) 141 | * 2452 MHz [9] (30.0 dBm) 142 | * 2457 MHz [10] (30.0 dBm) 143 | * 2462 MHz [11] (30.0 dBm) 144 | * 2467 MHz [12] (disabled) 145 | * 2472 MHz [13] (disabled) 146 | * 2484 MHz [14] (disabled) 147 | Supported commands: 148 | * new_interface 149 | * set_interface 150 | * new_key 151 | * start_ap 152 | * new_station 153 | * new_mpath 154 | * set_mesh_config 155 | * set_bss 156 | * authenticate 157 | * associate 158 | * deauthenticate 159 | * disassociate 160 | * join_ibss 161 | * join_mesh 162 | * remain_on_channel 163 | * set_tx_bitrate_mask 164 | * frame 165 | * frame_wait_cancel 166 | * set_wiphy_netns 167 | * set_channel 168 | * probe_client 169 | * set_noack_map 170 | * register_beacons 171 | * start_p2p_device 172 | * set_mcast_rate 173 | * connect 174 | * disconnect 175 | * set_qos_map 176 | * set_multicast_to_unicast 177 | software interface modes (can always be added): 178 | * AP/VLAN 179 | * monitor 180 | valid interface combinations: 181 | * #{ AP, mesh point } <= 8, 182 | total <= 8, #channels <= 1 183 | HT Capability overrides: 184 | * MCS: ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff 185 | * maximum A-MSDU length 186 | * supported channel width 187 | * short GI for 40 MHz 188 | * max A-MPDU length exponent 189 | * min MPDU start spacing 190 | Device supports TX status socket option. 191 | Device supports HT-IBSS. 192 | Device supports SAE with AUTHENTICATE command 193 | Device supports low priority scan. 194 | Device supports scan flush. 195 | Device supports AP scan. 196 | Device supports per-vif TX power setting 197 | Driver supports full state transitions for AP/GO clients 198 | Driver supports a userspace MPM 199 | Device supports configuring vdev MAC-addr on create. 200 | max # scan plans: 1 201 | max scan plan interval: -1 202 | max scan plan iterations: 0 203 | Supported TX frame types: 204 | * IBSS: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 205 | * managed: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 206 | * AP: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 207 | * AP/VLAN: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 208 | * mesh point: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 209 | * P2P-client: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 210 | * P2P-GO: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 211 | * P2P-device: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 212 | Supported RX frame types: 213 | * IBSS: 0x40 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 214 | * managed: 0x40 0xb0 0xd0 215 | * AP: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 216 | * AP/VLAN: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 217 | * mesh point: 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 218 | * P2P-client: 0x40 0xd0 219 | * P2P-GO: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 220 | * P2P-device: 0x40 0xd0 221 | Supported extended features: 222 | * [ RRM ]: RRM 223 | * [ FILS_STA ]: STA FILS (Fast Initial Link Setup) 224 | * [ CQM_RSSI_LIST ]: multiple CQM_RSSI_THOLD records 225 | * [ CONTROL_PORT_OVER_NL80211 ]: control port over nl80211 226 | * [ SCAN_RANDOM_SN ]: use random sequence numbers in scans 227 | * [ SCAN_MIN_PREQ_CONTENT ]: use probe request with only rate IEs in scans 228 | * [ CONTROL_PORT_NO_PREAUTH ]: disable pre-auth over nl80211 control port support 229 | * [ DEL_IBSS_STA ]: deletion of IBSS station support 230 | * [ SCAN_FREQ_KHZ ]: scan on kHz frequency support 231 | * [ CONTROL_PORT_OVER_NL80211_TX_STATUS ]: tx status for nl80211 control port support 232 | 233 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 234 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /home/iw_list/PANDA_PAU05.txt: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2022-11-09 2 | 3 | Panda PAU05 4 | 5 | Maintained by @lukejenkins 6 | 7 | 8 | http://www.pandawireless.com/panda300mbps.htm 9 | 10 | FCC ID: 2ADUTLGPAU05 11 | 12 | Chipset: Ralink RT5372 13 | 14 | usb-modeswitch not required. This is a single-state device. 15 | 16 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 17 | 18 | $ lsusb -vt | grep -E 'rt2800usb|Ralink' 19 | |__ Port 1: Dev 8, If 0, Class=Vendor Specific Class, Driver=rt2800usb, 480M 20 | ID 148f:5372 Ralink Technology, Corp. RT5372 Wireless Adapter 21 | 22 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 23 | 24 | $ lsusb -v -d 148f:5372 | grep -E 'bcdUSB|idVendor|iProduct|MaxPower' 25 | bcdUSB 2.00 26 | idVendor 0x148f Ralink Technology, Corp. 27 | iProduct 2 802.11 n WLAN 28 | MaxPower 450mA 29 | bcdUSB 2.00 30 | 31 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 32 | 33 | $ iwconfig --version 34 | iwconfig Wireless-Tools version 30 35 | Compatible with Wireless Extension v11 to v22. 36 | 37 | Kernel Currently compiled with Wireless Extension v22. 38 | 39 | wlp0s20u1 Recommend Wireless Extension v21 or later, 40 | Currently compiled with Wireless Extension v22. 41 | 42 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 43 | 44 | $ iwconfig |& grep -Eo 'Tx-Power=.*dBm' 45 | Tx-Power=30 dBm 46 | 47 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 48 | 49 | $ uname -srvmo 50 | Linux 6.0.7-arch1-1 #1 SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Thu, 03 Nov 2022 18:01:58 +0000 x86_64 GNU/Linux 51 | 52 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 53 | 54 | $ iw --version 55 | iw version 5.19 56 | 57 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 58 | 59 | $ iw reg get 60 | global 61 | country US: DFS-FCC 62 | (902 - 904 @ 2), (N/A, 30), (N/A) 63 | (904 - 920 @ 16), (N/A, 30), (N/A) 64 | (920 - 928 @ 8), (N/A, 30), (N/A) 65 | (2400 - 2472 @ 40), (N/A, 30), (N/A) 66 | (5150 - 5250 @ 80), (N/A, 23), (N/A), AUTO-BW 67 | (5250 - 5350 @ 80), (N/A, 24), (0 ms), DFS, AUTO-BW 68 | (5470 - 5730 @ 160), (N/A, 24), (0 ms), DFS 69 | (5730 - 5850 @ 80), (N/A, 30), (N/A), AUTO-BW 70 | (5850 - 5895 @ 40), (N/A, 27), (N/A), NO-OUTDOOR, AUTO-BW, PASSIVE-SCAN 71 | (5925 - 7125 @ 320), (N/A, 12), (N/A), NO-OUTDOOR, PASSIVE-SCAN 72 | (57240 - 71000 @ 2160), (N/A, 40), (N/A) 73 | 74 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 75 | 76 | $ iw list 77 | Wiphy phy5 78 | wiphy index: 5 79 | max # scan SSIDs: 4 80 | max scan IEs length: 2257 bytes 81 | max # sched scan SSIDs: 0 82 | max # match sets: 0 83 | Retry short long limit: 2 84 | Coverage class: 0 (up to 0m) 85 | Device supports RSN-IBSS. 86 | Supported Ciphers: 87 | * WEP40 (00-0f-ac:1) 88 | * WEP104 (00-0f-ac:5) 89 | * TKIP (00-0f-ac:2) 90 | * CCMP-128 (00-0f-ac:4) 91 | * CCMP-256 (00-0f-ac:10) 92 | * GCMP-128 (00-0f-ac:8) 93 | * GCMP-256 (00-0f-ac:9) 94 | * CMAC (00-0f-ac:6) 95 | * CMAC-256 (00-0f-ac:13) 96 | * GMAC-128 (00-0f-ac:11) 97 | * GMAC-256 (00-0f-ac:12) 98 | Available Antennas: TX 0 RX 0 99 | Supported interface modes: 100 | * IBSS 101 | * managed 102 | * AP 103 | * AP/VLAN 104 | * monitor 105 | * mesh point 106 | Band 1: 107 | Capabilities: 0x2fe 108 | HT20/HT40 109 | SM Power Save disabled 110 | RX Greenfield 111 | RX HT20 SGI 112 | RX HT40 SGI 113 | TX STBC 114 | RX STBC 2-streams 115 | Max AMSDU length: 3839 bytes 116 | No DSSS/CCK HT40 117 | Maximum RX AMPDU length 65535 bytes (exponent: 0x003) 118 | Minimum RX AMPDU time spacing: 2 usec (0x04) 119 | HT TX/RX MCS rate indexes supported: 0-15, 32 120 | Bitrates (non-HT): 121 | * 1.0 Mbps 122 | * 2.0 Mbps (short preamble supported) 123 | * 5.5 Mbps (short preamble supported) 124 | * 11.0 Mbps (short preamble supported) 125 | * 6.0 Mbps 126 | * 9.0 Mbps 127 | * 12.0 Mbps 128 | * 18.0 Mbps 129 | * 24.0 Mbps 130 | * 36.0 Mbps 131 | * 48.0 Mbps 132 | * 54.0 Mbps 133 | Frequencies: 134 | * 2412 MHz [1] (30.0 dBm) 135 | * 2417 MHz [2] (30.0 dBm) 136 | * 2422 MHz [3] (30.0 dBm) 137 | * 2427 MHz [4] (30.0 dBm) 138 | * 2432 MHz [5] (30.0 dBm) 139 | * 2437 MHz [6] (30.0 dBm) 140 | * 2442 MHz [7] (30.0 dBm) 141 | * 2447 MHz [8] (30.0 dBm) 142 | * 2452 MHz [9] (30.0 dBm) 143 | * 2457 MHz [10] (30.0 dBm) 144 | * 2462 MHz [11] (30.0 dBm) 145 | * 2467 MHz [12] (disabled) 146 | * 2472 MHz [13] (disabled) 147 | * 2484 MHz [14] (disabled) 148 | Supported commands: 149 | * new_interface 150 | * set_interface 151 | * new_key 152 | * start_ap 153 | * new_station 154 | * new_mpath 155 | * set_mesh_config 156 | * set_bss 157 | * authenticate 158 | * associate 159 | * deauthenticate 160 | * disassociate 161 | * join_ibss 162 | * join_mesh 163 | * remain_on_channel 164 | * set_tx_bitrate_mask 165 | * frame 166 | * frame_wait_cancel 167 | * set_wiphy_netns 168 | * set_channel 169 | * probe_client 170 | * set_noack_map 171 | * register_beacons 172 | * start_p2p_device 173 | * set_mcast_rate 174 | * connect 175 | * disconnect 176 | * set_qos_map 177 | * set_multicast_to_unicast 178 | software interface modes (can always be added): 179 | * AP/VLAN 180 | * monitor 181 | valid interface combinations: 182 | * #{ AP, mesh point } <= 8, 183 | total <= 8, #channels <= 1 184 | HT Capability overrides: 185 | * MCS: ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff 186 | * maximum A-MSDU length 187 | * supported channel width 188 | * short GI for 40 MHz 189 | * max A-MPDU length exponent 190 | * min MPDU start spacing 191 | Device supports TX status socket option. 192 | Device supports HT-IBSS. 193 | Device supports SAE with AUTHENTICATE command 194 | Device supports low priority scan. 195 | Device supports scan flush. 196 | Device supports AP scan. 197 | Device supports per-vif TX power setting 198 | Driver supports full state transitions for AP/GO clients 199 | Driver supports a userspace MPM 200 | Device supports configuring vdev MAC-addr on create. 201 | max # scan plans: 1 202 | max scan plan interval: -1 203 | max scan plan iterations: 0 204 | Supported TX frame types: 205 | * IBSS: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 206 | * managed: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 207 | * AP: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 208 | * AP/VLAN: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 209 | * mesh point: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 210 | * P2P-client: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 211 | * P2P-GO: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 212 | * P2P-device: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 213 | Supported RX frame types: 214 | * IBSS: 0x40 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 215 | * managed: 0x40 0xb0 0xd0 216 | * AP: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 217 | * AP/VLAN: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 218 | * mesh point: 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 219 | * P2P-client: 0x40 0xd0 220 | * P2P-GO: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 221 | * P2P-device: 0x40 0xd0 222 | Supported extended features: 223 | * [ RRM ]: RRM 224 | * [ FILS_STA ]: STA FILS (Fast Initial Link Setup) 225 | * [ CQM_RSSI_LIST ]: multiple CQM_RSSI_THOLD records 226 | * [ CONTROL_PORT_OVER_NL80211 ]: control port over nl80211 227 | * [ SCAN_RANDOM_SN ]: use random sequence numbers in scans 228 | * [ SCAN_MIN_PREQ_CONTENT ]: use probe request with only rate IEs in scans 229 | * [ CONTROL_PORT_NO_PREAUTH ]: disable pre-auth over nl80211 control port support 230 | * [ DEL_IBSS_STA ]: deletion of IBSS station support 231 | * [ SCAN_FREQ_KHZ ]: scan on kHz frequency support 232 | * [ CONTROL_PORT_OVER_NL80211_TX_STATUS ]: tx status for nl80211 control port support 233 | 234 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 235 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /home/iw_list/PANDA_PAU06.txt: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2022-11-09 2 | 3 | Panda PAU06 4 | 5 | Maintained by @lukejenkins 6 | 7 | 8 | http://www.pandawireless.com/panda300mbpsant.htm 9 | 10 | FCC ID: 2ADUTLGPAU06 11 | 12 | Chipset: Ralink RT5372 13 | 14 | usb-modeswitch not required. This is a single-state device. 15 | 16 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 17 | 18 | $ lsusb -vt | grep -E 'rt2800usb|Ralink' 19 | |__ Port 1: Dev 9, If 0, Class=Vendor Specific Class, Driver=rt2800usb, 480M 20 | ID 148f:5372 Ralink Technology, Corp. RT5372 Wireless Adapter 21 | 22 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 23 | 24 | $ lsusb -v -d 148f:5372 | grep -E 'bcdUSB|idVendor|iProduct|MaxPower' 25 | bcdUSB 2.00 26 | idVendor 0x148f Ralink Technology, Corp. 27 | iProduct 2 802.11 n WLAN 28 | MaxPower 450mA 29 | bcdUSB 2.00 30 | 31 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 32 | 33 | $ iwconfig --version 34 | iwconfig Wireless-Tools version 30 35 | Compatible with Wireless Extension v11 to v22. 36 | 37 | Kernel Currently compiled with Wireless Extension v22. 38 | 39 | wlp0s20u1 Recommend Wireless Extension v21 or later, 40 | Currently compiled with Wireless Extension v22. 41 | 42 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 43 | 44 | $ iwconfig |& grep -Eo 'Tx-Power=.*dBm' 45 | Tx-Power=30 dBm 46 | 47 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 48 | 49 | $ uname -srvmo 50 | Linux 6.0.7-arch1-1 #1 SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Thu, 03 Nov 2022 18:01:58 +0000 x86_64 GNU/Linux 51 | 52 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 53 | 54 | $ iw --version 55 | iw version 5.19 56 | 57 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 58 | 59 | $ iw reg get 60 | global 61 | country US: DFS-FCC 62 | (902 - 904 @ 2), (N/A, 30), (N/A) 63 | (904 - 920 @ 16), (N/A, 30), (N/A) 64 | (920 - 928 @ 8), (N/A, 30), (N/A) 65 | (2400 - 2472 @ 40), (N/A, 30), (N/A) 66 | (5150 - 5250 @ 80), (N/A, 23), (N/A), AUTO-BW 67 | (5250 - 5350 @ 80), (N/A, 24), (0 ms), DFS, AUTO-BW 68 | (5470 - 5730 @ 160), (N/A, 24), (0 ms), DFS 69 | (5730 - 5850 @ 80), (N/A, 30), (N/A), AUTO-BW 70 | (5850 - 5895 @ 40), (N/A, 27), (N/A), NO-OUTDOOR, AUTO-BW, PASSIVE-SCAN 71 | (5925 - 7125 @ 320), (N/A, 12), (N/A), NO-OUTDOOR, PASSIVE-SCAN 72 | (57240 - 71000 @ 2160), (N/A, 40), (N/A) 73 | 74 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 75 | 76 | $ iw list 77 | Wiphy phy6 78 | wiphy index: 6 79 | max # scan SSIDs: 4 80 | max scan IEs length: 2257 bytes 81 | max # sched scan SSIDs: 0 82 | max # match sets: 0 83 | Retry short long limit: 2 84 | Coverage class: 0 (up to 0m) 85 | Device supports RSN-IBSS. 86 | Supported Ciphers: 87 | * WEP40 (00-0f-ac:1) 88 | * WEP104 (00-0f-ac:5) 89 | * TKIP (00-0f-ac:2) 90 | * CCMP-128 (00-0f-ac:4) 91 | * CCMP-256 (00-0f-ac:10) 92 | * GCMP-128 (00-0f-ac:8) 93 | * GCMP-256 (00-0f-ac:9) 94 | * CMAC (00-0f-ac:6) 95 | * CMAC-256 (00-0f-ac:13) 96 | * GMAC-128 (00-0f-ac:11) 97 | * GMAC-256 (00-0f-ac:12) 98 | Available Antennas: TX 0 RX 0 99 | Supported interface modes: 100 | * IBSS 101 | * managed 102 | * AP 103 | * AP/VLAN 104 | * monitor 105 | * mesh point 106 | Band 1: 107 | Capabilities: 0x2fe 108 | HT20/HT40 109 | SM Power Save disabled 110 | RX Greenfield 111 | RX HT20 SGI 112 | RX HT40 SGI 113 | TX STBC 114 | RX STBC 2-streams 115 | Max AMSDU length: 3839 bytes 116 | No DSSS/CCK HT40 117 | Maximum RX AMPDU length 65535 bytes (exponent: 0x003) 118 | Minimum RX AMPDU time spacing: 2 usec (0x04) 119 | HT TX/RX MCS rate indexes supported: 0-15, 32 120 | Bitrates (non-HT): 121 | * 1.0 Mbps 122 | * 2.0 Mbps (short preamble supported) 123 | * 5.5 Mbps (short preamble supported) 124 | * 11.0 Mbps (short preamble supported) 125 | * 6.0 Mbps 126 | * 9.0 Mbps 127 | * 12.0 Mbps 128 | * 18.0 Mbps 129 | * 24.0 Mbps 130 | * 36.0 Mbps 131 | * 48.0 Mbps 132 | * 54.0 Mbps 133 | Frequencies: 134 | * 2412 MHz [1] (30.0 dBm) 135 | * 2417 MHz [2] (30.0 dBm) 136 | * 2422 MHz [3] (30.0 dBm) 137 | * 2427 MHz [4] (30.0 dBm) 138 | * 2432 MHz [5] (30.0 dBm) 139 | * 2437 MHz [6] (30.0 dBm) 140 | * 2442 MHz [7] (30.0 dBm) 141 | * 2447 MHz [8] (30.0 dBm) 142 | * 2452 MHz [9] (30.0 dBm) 143 | * 2457 MHz [10] (30.0 dBm) 144 | * 2462 MHz [11] (30.0 dBm) 145 | * 2467 MHz [12] (disabled) 146 | * 2472 MHz [13] (disabled) 147 | * 2484 MHz [14] (disabled) 148 | Supported commands: 149 | * new_interface 150 | * set_interface 151 | * new_key 152 | * start_ap 153 | * new_station 154 | * new_mpath 155 | * set_mesh_config 156 | * set_bss 157 | * authenticate 158 | * associate 159 | * deauthenticate 160 | * disassociate 161 | * join_ibss 162 | * join_mesh 163 | * remain_on_channel 164 | * set_tx_bitrate_mask 165 | * frame 166 | * frame_wait_cancel 167 | * set_wiphy_netns 168 | * set_channel 169 | * probe_client 170 | * set_noack_map 171 | * register_beacons 172 | * start_p2p_device 173 | * set_mcast_rate 174 | * connect 175 | * disconnect 176 | * set_qos_map 177 | * set_multicast_to_unicast 178 | software interface modes (can always be added): 179 | * AP/VLAN 180 | * monitor 181 | valid interface combinations: 182 | * #{ AP, mesh point } <= 8, 183 | total <= 8, #channels <= 1 184 | HT Capability overrides: 185 | * MCS: ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff 186 | * maximum A-MSDU length 187 | * supported channel width 188 | * short GI for 40 MHz 189 | * max A-MPDU length exponent 190 | * min MPDU start spacing 191 | Device supports TX status socket option. 192 | Device supports HT-IBSS. 193 | Device supports SAE with AUTHENTICATE command 194 | Device supports low priority scan. 195 | Device supports scan flush. 196 | Device supports AP scan. 197 | Device supports per-vif TX power setting 198 | Driver supports full state transitions for AP/GO clients 199 | Driver supports a userspace MPM 200 | Device supports configuring vdev MAC-addr on create. 201 | max # scan plans: 1 202 | max scan plan interval: -1 203 | max scan plan iterations: 0 204 | Supported TX frame types: 205 | * IBSS: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 206 | * managed: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 207 | * AP: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 208 | * AP/VLAN: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 209 | * mesh point: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 210 | * P2P-client: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 211 | * P2P-GO: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 212 | * P2P-device: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 213 | Supported RX frame types: 214 | * IBSS: 0x40 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 215 | * managed: 0x40 0xb0 0xd0 216 | * AP: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 217 | * AP/VLAN: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 218 | * mesh point: 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 219 | * P2P-client: 0x40 0xd0 220 | * P2P-GO: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 221 | * P2P-device: 0x40 0xd0 222 | Supported extended features: 223 | * [ RRM ]: RRM 224 | * [ FILS_STA ]: STA FILS (Fast Initial Link Setup) 225 | * [ CQM_RSSI_LIST ]: multiple CQM_RSSI_THOLD records 226 | * [ CONTROL_PORT_OVER_NL80211 ]: control port over nl80211 227 | * [ SCAN_RANDOM_SN ]: use random sequence numbers in scans 228 | * [ SCAN_MIN_PREQ_CONTENT ]: use probe request with only rate IEs in scans 229 | * [ CONTROL_PORT_NO_PREAUTH ]: disable pre-auth over nl80211 control port support 230 | * [ DEL_IBSS_STA ]: deletion of IBSS station support 231 | * [ SCAN_FREQ_KHZ ]: scan on kHz frequency support 232 | * [ CONTROL_PORT_OVER_NL80211_TX_STATUS ]: tx status for nl80211 control port support 233 | 234 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 235 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /home/iw_list/TEROW_ROW02FD.txt: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | TEROW_ROW02FD 2 | 3 | Chipset: mt7612u 4 | 5 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6 | 7 | $ lsusb 8 | Bus 003 Device 002: ID 0e8d:7612 MediaTek Inc. Wireless 9 | 10 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11 | 12 | $ uname -a 13 | Linux Vostro-470 5.11.0-27-generic #29~20.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Wed Aug 11 15:58:17 UTC 2021 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux 14 | 15 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 16 | 17 | $ iw list 18 | Wiphy phy0 19 | max # scan SSIDs: 4 20 | max scan IEs length: 2243 bytes 21 | max # sched scan SSIDs: 0 22 | max # match sets: 0 23 | Retry short limit: 7 24 | Retry long limit: 4 25 | Coverage class: 0 (up to 0m) 26 | Device supports RSN-IBSS. 27 | Device supports AP-side u-APSD. 28 | Device supports T-DLS. 29 | Supported Ciphers: 30 | * WEP40 (00-0f-ac:1) 31 | * WEP104 (00-0f-ac:5) 32 | * TKIP (00-0f-ac:2) 33 | * CCMP-128 (00-0f-ac:4) 34 | * CCMP-256 (00-0f-ac:10) 35 | * GCMP-128 (00-0f-ac:8) 36 | * GCMP-256 (00-0f-ac:9) 37 | * CMAC (00-0f-ac:6) 38 | * CMAC-256 (00-0f-ac:13) 39 | * GMAC-128 (00-0f-ac:11) 40 | * GMAC-256 (00-0f-ac:12) 41 | Available Antennas: TX 0x3 RX 0x3 42 | Configured Antennas: TX 0x3 RX 0x3 43 | Supported interface modes: 44 | * IBSS 45 | * managed 46 | * AP 47 | * AP/VLAN 48 | * monitor 49 | * mesh point 50 | * P2P-client 51 | * P2P-GO 52 | Band 1: 53 | Capabilities: 0x1ff 54 | RX LDPC 55 | HT20/HT40 56 | SM Power Save disabled 57 | RX Greenfield 58 | RX HT20 SGI 59 | RX HT40 SGI 60 | TX STBC 61 | RX STBC 1-stream 62 | Max AMSDU length: 3839 bytes 63 | No DSSS/CCK HT40 64 | Maximum RX AMPDU length 65535 bytes (exponent: 0x003) 65 | Minimum RX AMPDU time spacing: No restriction (0x00) 66 | HT TX/RX MCS rate indexes supported: 0-15 67 | Bitrates (non-HT): 68 | * 1.0 Mbps (short preamble supported) 69 | * 2.0 Mbps (short preamble supported) 70 | * 5.5 Mbps (short preamble supported) 71 | * 11.0 Mbps (short preamble supported) 72 | * 6.0 Mbps 73 | * 9.0 Mbps 74 | * 12.0 Mbps 75 | * 18.0 Mbps 76 | * 24.0 Mbps 77 | * 36.0 Mbps 78 | * 48.0 Mbps 79 | * 54.0 Mbps 80 | Frequencies: 81 | * 2412 MHz [1] (23.0 dBm) 82 | * 2417 MHz [2] (23.0 dBm) 83 | * 2422 MHz [3] (23.0 dBm) 84 | * 2427 MHz [4] (23.0 dBm) 85 | * 2432 MHz [5] (23.0 dBm) 86 | * 2437 MHz [6] (23.0 dBm) 87 | * 2442 MHz [7] (23.0 dBm) 88 | * 2447 MHz [8] (23.0 dBm) 89 | * 2452 MHz [9] (23.0 dBm) 90 | * 2457 MHz [10] (23.0 dBm) 91 | * 2462 MHz [11] (23.0 dBm) 92 | * 2467 MHz [12] (disabled) 93 | * 2472 MHz [13] (disabled) 94 | * 2484 MHz [14] (disabled) 95 | Band 2: 96 | Capabilities: 0x1ff 97 | RX LDPC 98 | HT20/HT40 99 | SM Power Save disabled 100 | RX Greenfield 101 | RX HT20 SGI 102 | RX HT40 SGI 103 | TX STBC 104 | RX STBC 1-stream 105 | Max AMSDU length: 3839 bytes 106 | No DSSS/CCK HT40 107 | Maximum RX AMPDU length 65535 bytes (exponent: 0x003) 108 | Minimum RX AMPDU time spacing: No restriction (0x00) 109 | HT TX/RX MCS rate indexes supported: 0-15 110 | VHT Capabilities (0x318001b0): 111 | Max MPDU length: 3895 112 | Supported Channel Width: neither 160 nor 80+80 113 | RX LDPC 114 | short GI (80 MHz) 115 | TX STBC 116 | RX antenna pattern consistency 117 | TX antenna pattern consistency 118 | VHT RX MCS set: 119 | 1 streams: MCS 0-9 120 | 2 streams: MCS 0-9 121 | 3 streams: not supported 122 | 4 streams: not supported 123 | 5 streams: not supported 124 | 6 streams: not supported 125 | 7 streams: not supported 126 | 8 streams: not supported 127 | VHT RX highest supported: 0 Mbps 128 | VHT TX MCS set: 129 | 1 streams: MCS 0-9 130 | 2 streams: MCS 0-9 131 | 3 streams: not supported 132 | 4 streams: not supported 133 | 5 streams: not supported 134 | 6 streams: not supported 135 | 7 streams: not supported 136 | 8 streams: not supported 137 | VHT TX highest supported: 0 Mbps 138 | Bitrates (non-HT): 139 | * 6.0 Mbps 140 | * 9.0 Mbps 141 | * 12.0 Mbps 142 | * 18.0 Mbps 143 | * 24.0 Mbps 144 | * 36.0 Mbps 145 | * 48.0 Mbps 146 | * 54.0 Mbps 147 | Frequencies: 148 | * 5180 MHz [36] (19.0 dBm) 149 | * 5200 MHz [40] (19.0 dBm) 150 | * 5220 MHz [44] (19.0 dBm) 151 | * 5240 MHz [48] (19.0 dBm) 152 | * 5260 MHz [52] (19.0 dBm) (radar detection) 153 | * 5280 MHz [56] (19.0 dBm) (radar detection) 154 | * 5300 MHz [60] (19.0 dBm) (radar detection) 155 | * 5320 MHz [64] (19.0 dBm) (radar detection) 156 | * 5500 MHz [100] (19.0 dBm) (radar detection) 157 | * 5520 MHz [104] (19.0 dBm) (radar detection) 158 | * 5540 MHz [108] (19.0 dBm) (radar detection) 159 | * 5560 MHz [112] (19.0 dBm) (radar detection) 160 | * 5580 MHz [116] (19.0 dBm) (radar detection) 161 | * 5600 MHz [120] (19.0 dBm) (radar detection) 162 | * 5620 MHz [124] (19.0 dBm) (radar detection) 163 | * 5640 MHz [128] (19.0 dBm) (radar detection) 164 | * 5660 MHz [132] (19.0 dBm) (radar detection) 165 | * 5680 MHz [136] (19.0 dBm) (radar detection) 166 | * 5700 MHz [140] (19.0 dBm) (radar detection) 167 | * 5720 MHz [144] (19.0 dBm) (radar detection) 168 | * 5745 MHz [149] (19.0 dBm) 169 | * 5765 MHz [153] (19.0 dBm) 170 | * 5785 MHz [157] (19.0 dBm) 171 | * 5805 MHz [161] (19.0 dBm) 172 | * 5825 MHz [165] (19.0 dBm) 173 | * 5845 MHz [169] (19.0 dBm) (no IR) 174 | * 5865 MHz [173] (19.0 dBm) (no IR) 175 | Supported commands: 176 | * new_interface 177 | * set_interface 178 | * new_key 179 | * start_ap 180 | * new_station 181 | * new_mpath 182 | * set_mesh_config 183 | * set_bss 184 | * authenticate 185 | * associate 186 | * deauthenticate 187 | * disassociate 188 | * join_ibss 189 | * join_mesh 190 | * remain_on_channel 191 | * set_tx_bitrate_mask 192 | * frame 193 | * frame_wait_cancel 194 | * set_wiphy_netns 195 | * set_channel 196 | * tdls_mgmt 197 | * tdls_oper 198 | * probe_client 199 | * set_noack_map 200 | * register_beacons 201 | * start_p2p_device 202 | * set_mcast_rate 203 | * connect 204 | * disconnect 205 | * channel_switch 206 | * set_qos_map 207 | * set_multicast_to_unicast 208 | software interface modes (can always be added): 209 | * AP/VLAN 210 | * monitor 211 | valid interface combinations: 212 | * #{ IBSS } <= 1, #{ managed, AP, mesh point, P2P-client, P2P-GO } <= 2, 213 | total <= 2, #channels <= 1, STA/AP BI must match 214 | HT Capability overrides: 215 | * MCS: ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff 216 | * maximum A-MSDU length 217 | * supported channel width 218 | * short GI for 40 MHz 219 | * max A-MPDU length exponent 220 | * min MPDU start spacing 221 | Device supports TX status socket option. 222 | Device supports HT-IBSS. 223 | Device supports SAE with AUTHENTICATE command 224 | Device supports low priority scan. 225 | Device supports scan flush. 226 | Device supports AP scan. 227 | Device supports per-vif TX power setting 228 | Driver supports full state transitions for AP/GO clients 229 | Driver supports a userspace MPM 230 | Device supports active monitor (which will ACK incoming frames) 231 | Device supports configuring vdev MAC-addr on create. 232 | max # scan plans: 1 233 | max scan plan interval: -1 234 | max scan plan iterations: 0 235 | Supported TX frame types: 236 | * IBSS: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 237 | * managed: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 238 | * AP: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 239 | * AP/VLAN: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 240 | * mesh point: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 241 | * P2P-client: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 242 | * P2P-GO: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 243 | * P2P-device: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 244 | Supported RX frame types: 245 | * IBSS: 0x40 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 246 | * managed: 0x40 0xb0 0xd0 247 | * AP: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 248 | * AP/VLAN: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 249 | * mesh point: 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 250 | * P2P-client: 0x40 0xd0 251 | * P2P-GO: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 252 | * P2P-device: 0x40 0xd0 253 | Supported extended features: 254 | * [ VHT_IBSS ]: VHT-IBSS 255 | * [ RRM ]: RRM 256 | * [ FILS_STA ]: STA FILS (Fast Initial Link Setup) 257 | * [ CQM_RSSI_LIST ]: multiple CQM_RSSI_THOLD records 258 | * [ CONTROL_PORT_OVER_NL80211 ]: control port over nl80211 259 | * [ TXQS ]: FQ-CoDel-enabled intermediate TXQs 260 | * [ AIRTIME_FAIRNESS ]: airtime fairness scheduling 261 | 262 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 263 | 264 | hostapd.conf: 265 | * ht_capab=[LDPC][HT40+][HT40-][GF][SHORT-GI-20][SHORT-GI-40][TX-STBC][RX-STBC1] 266 | * vht_capab=[RXLDPC][SHORT-GI-80][TX-STBC-2BY1][RX-STBC-1][MAX-A-MPDU-LEN-EXP3][RX-ANTENNA-PATTERN][TX-ANTENNA-PATTERN] 267 | 268 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 269 | 270 | usb-modeswitch is required. This is a multi-state device. 271 | 272 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 273 | 274 | WPA3-SAE: yes 275 | 276 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 277 | 278 | Power requirement: Heavy load: ~380 mA 279 | 280 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 281 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /home/iw_list/TEROW_ROW02CD.txt: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | TEROW_ROW02CD 2 | 3 | Chipset: mt7612u 4 | 5 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6 | 7 | $ lsusb 8 | Bus 003 Device 002: ID 0e8d:7612 MediaTek Inc. Wireless 9 | 10 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11 | 12 | $ uname -a 13 | Linux Vostro-470 5.11.0-27-generic #29~20.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Wed Aug 11 15:58:17 UTC 2021 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux 14 | 15 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 16 | 17 | $ iw list 18 | Wiphy phy0 19 | max # scan SSIDs: 4 20 | max scan IEs length: 2243 bytes 21 | max # sched scan SSIDs: 0 22 | max # match sets: 0 23 | Retry short limit: 7 24 | Retry long limit: 4 25 | Coverage class: 0 (up to 0m) 26 | Device supports RSN-IBSS. 27 | Device supports AP-side u-APSD. 28 | Device supports T-DLS. 29 | Supported Ciphers: 30 | * WEP40 (00-0f-ac:1) 31 | * WEP104 (00-0f-ac:5) 32 | * TKIP (00-0f-ac:2) 33 | * CCMP-128 (00-0f-ac:4) 34 | * CCMP-256 (00-0f-ac:10) 35 | * GCMP-128 (00-0f-ac:8) 36 | * GCMP-256 (00-0f-ac:9) 37 | * CMAC (00-0f-ac:6) 38 | * CMAC-256 (00-0f-ac:13) 39 | * GMAC-128 (00-0f-ac:11) 40 | * GMAC-256 (00-0f-ac:12) 41 | Available Antennas: TX 0x3 RX 0x3 42 | Configured Antennas: TX 0x3 RX 0x3 43 | Supported interface modes: 44 | * IBSS 45 | * managed 46 | * AP 47 | * AP/VLAN 48 | * monitor 49 | * mesh point 50 | * P2P-client 51 | * P2P-GO 52 | Band 1: 53 | Capabilities: 0x1ff 54 | RX LDPC 55 | HT20/HT40 56 | SM Power Save disabled 57 | RX Greenfield 58 | RX HT20 SGI 59 | RX HT40 SGI 60 | TX STBC 61 | RX STBC 1-stream 62 | Max AMSDU length: 3839 bytes 63 | No DSSS/CCK HT40 64 | Maximum RX AMPDU length 65535 bytes (exponent: 0x003) 65 | Minimum RX AMPDU time spacing: No restriction (0x00) 66 | HT TX/RX MCS rate indexes supported: 0-15 67 | Bitrates (non-HT): 68 | * 1.0 Mbps (short preamble supported) 69 | * 2.0 Mbps (short preamble supported) 70 | * 5.5 Mbps (short preamble supported) 71 | * 11.0 Mbps (short preamble supported) 72 | * 6.0 Mbps 73 | * 9.0 Mbps 74 | * 12.0 Mbps 75 | * 18.0 Mbps 76 | * 24.0 Mbps 77 | * 36.0 Mbps 78 | * 48.0 Mbps 79 | * 54.0 Mbps 80 | Frequencies: 81 | * 2412 MHz [1] (23.0 dBm) 82 | * 2417 MHz [2] (23.0 dBm) 83 | * 2422 MHz [3] (23.0 dBm) 84 | * 2427 MHz [4] (23.0 dBm) 85 | * 2432 MHz [5] (23.0 dBm) 86 | * 2437 MHz [6] (23.0 dBm) 87 | * 2442 MHz [7] (23.0 dBm) 88 | * 2447 MHz [8] (23.0 dBm) 89 | * 2452 MHz [9] (23.0 dBm) 90 | * 2457 MHz [10] (23.0 dBm) 91 | * 2462 MHz [11] (23.0 dBm) 92 | * 2467 MHz [12] (disabled) 93 | * 2472 MHz [13] (disabled) 94 | * 2484 MHz [14] (disabled) 95 | Band 2: 96 | Capabilities: 0x1ff 97 | RX LDPC 98 | HT20/HT40 99 | SM Power Save disabled 100 | RX Greenfield 101 | RX HT20 SGI 102 | RX HT40 SGI 103 | TX STBC 104 | RX STBC 1-stream 105 | Max AMSDU length: 3839 bytes 106 | No DSSS/CCK HT40 107 | Maximum RX AMPDU length 65535 bytes (exponent: 0x003) 108 | Minimum RX AMPDU time spacing: No restriction (0x00) 109 | HT TX/RX MCS rate indexes supported: 0-15 110 | VHT Capabilities (0x318001b0): 111 | Max MPDU length: 3895 112 | Supported Channel Width: neither 160 nor 80+80 113 | RX LDPC 114 | short GI (80 MHz) 115 | TX STBC 116 | RX antenna pattern consistency 117 | TX antenna pattern consistency 118 | VHT RX MCS set: 119 | 1 streams: MCS 0-9 120 | 2 streams: MCS 0-9 121 | 3 streams: not supported 122 | 4 streams: not supported 123 | 5 streams: not supported 124 | 6 streams: not supported 125 | 7 streams: not supported 126 | 8 streams: not supported 127 | VHT RX highest supported: 0 Mbps 128 | VHT TX MCS set: 129 | 1 streams: MCS 0-9 130 | 2 streams: MCS 0-9 131 | 3 streams: not supported 132 | 4 streams: not supported 133 | 5 streams: not supported 134 | 6 streams: not supported 135 | 7 streams: not supported 136 | 8 streams: not supported 137 | VHT TX highest supported: 0 Mbps 138 | Bitrates (non-HT): 139 | * 6.0 Mbps 140 | * 9.0 Mbps 141 | * 12.0 Mbps 142 | * 18.0 Mbps 143 | * 24.0 Mbps 144 | * 36.0 Mbps 145 | * 48.0 Mbps 146 | * 54.0 Mbps 147 | Frequencies: 148 | * 5180 MHz [36] (19.0 dBm) 149 | * 5200 MHz [40] (19.0 dBm) 150 | * 5220 MHz [44] (19.0 dBm) 151 | * 5240 MHz [48] (19.0 dBm) 152 | * 5260 MHz [52] (19.0 dBm) (radar detection) 153 | * 5280 MHz [56] (19.0 dBm) (radar detection) 154 | * 5300 MHz [60] (19.0 dBm) (radar detection) 155 | * 5320 MHz [64] (19.0 dBm) (radar detection) 156 | * 5500 MHz [100] (19.0 dBm) (radar detection) 157 | * 5520 MHz [104] (19.0 dBm) (radar detection) 158 | * 5540 MHz [108] (19.0 dBm) (radar detection) 159 | * 5560 MHz [112] (19.0 dBm) (radar detection) 160 | * 5580 MHz [116] (19.0 dBm) (radar detection) 161 | * 5600 MHz [120] (19.0 dBm) (radar detection) 162 | * 5620 MHz [124] (19.0 dBm) (radar detection) 163 | * 5640 MHz [128] (19.0 dBm) (radar detection) 164 | * 5660 MHz [132] (19.0 dBm) (radar detection) 165 | * 5680 MHz [136] (19.0 dBm) (radar detection) 166 | * 5700 MHz [140] (19.0 dBm) (radar detection) 167 | * 5720 MHz [144] (19.0 dBm) (radar detection) 168 | * 5745 MHz [149] (19.0 dBm) 169 | * 5765 MHz [153] (19.0 dBm) 170 | * 5785 MHz [157] (19.0 dBm) 171 | * 5805 MHz [161] (19.0 dBm) 172 | * 5825 MHz [165] (19.0 dBm) 173 | * 5845 MHz [169] (19.0 dBm) (no IR) 174 | * 5865 MHz [173] (19.0 dBm) (no IR) 175 | Supported commands: 176 | * new_interface 177 | * set_interface 178 | * new_key 179 | * start_ap 180 | * new_station 181 | * new_mpath 182 | * set_mesh_config 183 | * set_bss 184 | * authenticate 185 | * associate 186 | * deauthenticate 187 | * disassociate 188 | * join_ibss 189 | * join_mesh 190 | * remain_on_channel 191 | * set_tx_bitrate_mask 192 | * frame 193 | * frame_wait_cancel 194 | * set_wiphy_netns 195 | * set_channel 196 | * tdls_mgmt 197 | * tdls_oper 198 | * probe_client 199 | * set_noack_map 200 | * register_beacons 201 | * start_p2p_device 202 | * set_mcast_rate 203 | * connect 204 | * disconnect 205 | * channel_switch 206 | * set_qos_map 207 | * set_multicast_to_unicast 208 | software interface modes (can always be added): 209 | * AP/VLAN 210 | * monitor 211 | valid interface combinations: 212 | * #{ IBSS } <= 1, #{ managed, AP, mesh point, P2P-client, P2P-GO } <= 2, 213 | total <= 2, #channels <= 1, STA/AP BI must match 214 | HT Capability overrides: 215 | * MCS: ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff 216 | * maximum A-MSDU length 217 | * supported channel width 218 | * short GI for 40 MHz 219 | * max A-MPDU length exponent 220 | * min MPDU start spacing 221 | Device supports TX status socket option. 222 | Device supports HT-IBSS. 223 | Device supports SAE with AUTHENTICATE command 224 | Device supports low priority scan. 225 | Device supports scan flush. 226 | Device supports AP scan. 227 | Device supports per-vif TX power setting 228 | Driver supports full state transitions for AP/GO clients 229 | Driver supports a userspace MPM 230 | Device supports active monitor (which will ACK incoming frames) 231 | Device supports configuring vdev MAC-addr on create. 232 | max # scan plans: 1 233 | max scan plan interval: -1 234 | max scan plan iterations: 0 235 | Supported TX frame types: 236 | * IBSS: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 237 | * managed: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 238 | * AP: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 239 | * AP/VLAN: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 240 | * mesh point: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 241 | * P2P-client: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 242 | * P2P-GO: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 243 | * P2P-device: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 244 | Supported RX frame types: 245 | * IBSS: 0x40 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 246 | * managed: 0x40 0xb0 0xd0 247 | * AP: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 248 | * AP/VLAN: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 249 | * mesh point: 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 250 | * P2P-client: 0x40 0xd0 251 | * P2P-GO: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 252 | * P2P-device: 0x40 0xd0 253 | Supported extended features: 254 | * [ VHT_IBSS ]: VHT-IBSS 255 | * [ RRM ]: RRM 256 | * [ FILS_STA ]: STA FILS (Fast Initial Link Setup) 257 | * [ CQM_RSSI_LIST ]: multiple CQM_RSSI_THOLD records 258 | * [ CONTROL_PORT_OVER_NL80211 ]: control port over nl80211 259 | * [ TXQS ]: FQ-CoDel-enabled intermediate TXQs 260 | * [ AIRTIME_FAIRNESS ]: airtime fairness scheduling 261 | 262 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 263 | 264 | hostapd.conf: 265 | * ht_capab=[LDPC][HT40+][HT40-][GF][SHORT-GI-20][SHORT-GI-40][TX-STBC][RX-STBC1] 266 | * vht_capab=[RXLDPC][SHORT-GI-80][TX-STBC-2BY1][RX-STBC-1][MAX-A-MPDU-LEN-EXP3][RX-ANTENNA-PATTERN][TX-ANTENNA-PATTERN] 267 | 268 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 269 | 270 | usb-modeswitch is not required. This is a single-state device. 271 | 272 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 273 | 274 | WPA3-SAE: yes 275 | 276 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 277 | 278 | Power requirement: Heavy load: ~380 mA 279 | 280 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 281 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /home/Performance_Comparison.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2021-05-31 2 | 3 | ## USB WiFi adapter performance comparison 4 | 5 | The USB WiFi adapters are listed in descending order by `link quality`. 6 | 7 | Note: The adapters selected for testing are considered to be high quality adapters. 8 | 9 | ----- 10 | 11 | ``` 12 | Adapter Chipset/Class USB Capability WPA3 Support 13 | Heavy Load Power Usage Device ID Visible Antennas 14 | iperf3 Test Link Quality Signal Level 15 | ``` 16 | 17 | ----- 18 | 19 | ``` 20 | Alfa AWUS036ACHM mt7610u / AC600 USB2 Yes 21 | 380 mA ID 0e8d:7610 1 22 | 137 Mb/s 93/100 (A) -45 dBm 23 | 24 | Alfa AWUS036ACH rtl8812au / AC1200 USB3 Yes, if distro has updated wpa_supplicant 25 | 800 mA ID 0bda:8812 2 and Network Manager 26 | 281 Mb/s 91/100 (A) -46 dBm 27 | 28 | EDUP EP-AC1605GS rtl8812bu / AC1300 USB3 Yes, if distro has updated wpa_supplicant 29 | 520 mA ID 0bda:b812 2 and Network Manager 30 | 305 Mb/s 84/100 (B) -51 dBm 31 | 32 | Alfa AWUS036ACM mt7612u / AC1200 USB3 Yes 33 | 380 mA ID 0e8d:7612 2 34 | 237 Mb/s 79/100 (B) -55 dBm 35 | 36 | Alfa AWUS036ACS rtl8811au / AC600 USB2 Yes, if distro has updated wpa_supplicant 37 | 270 mA ID 0bda:0811 1 and Network Manager 38 | 157 Mb/s 77/100 (B) -56 dBm 39 | 40 | Netgear A6210 mt7612u / AC1200 USB3 Yes 41 | 420 mA ID: 0846:9053 1 42 | 171 Mb/s 64/100 (C) -65 dBm 43 | ``` 44 | 45 | ----- 46 | 47 | Note: Additional adapters were tested but were eliminated if their Signal 48 | Level was worse than -65 dBm. 49 | 50 | Notes about the Netgear A6210 adapter: It likely appears at the end of 51 | the list because of its design. It is designed for portability, not long 52 | range. Build quality seems to be very good and it can push iperf3 to 53 | show rates of 300-400 Mb/s at close to medium range. It was able to 54 | maintain a good link with a reasonable speed even given the difficult 55 | conditions of this test. All adapters that I documented in this test are 56 | adapters that I consider well above average adapters. 57 | 58 | Notes about excluded adapters: I excluded adapters based on the rtl8814au 59 | chipset based on the very poor quality of the driver provided by Realtek. 60 | I also excluded multi-state adapters. 61 | 62 | ----- 63 | 64 | Test conditions: 65 | 66 | Link Quality and Signal Level tested using 5 Ghz from a distance to AP 67 | of about 45 feet. The signal had to travel through 3 walls. This test was 68 | designed to be a challenge. 69 | 70 | AP set on channel 149, channel width 80. 71 | 72 | iperf3 runs on a Raspberry Pi 4b connected to the main AP via CAT 6 73 | ethernet cable. 74 | 75 | Adapters were connected to a rear USB port on a Dell Optiplex 9020 76 | with an i7 processor running Linux Mint 20.1. 77 | 78 | Utilities used: lsusb, wavemon and iperf3. 79 | 80 | iperf3 test: $ iperf3 -c 192.168.1.4 -t 120 81 | 82 | Link quality grading scale: A (outstanding) = 100-90, B (excellent) = 89-75, C (good)= 74-60 83 | 84 | Analysis: 85 | 86 | The adapters used in this comparison were selected to provide a cross section 87 | of high quality adapters that would satisfy various use cases for Linux users. 88 | The test conditions presented a challenge but all adapters were able to reliably 89 | communicate for sustained periods without dropping offline. 90 | 91 | `The link quality (and range) of the Alfa AWUS036ACHM and Alfa AWUS036ACH is impressive.` 92 | 93 | Alfa advertises both as MAX RANGE products and the data shows that to be the case 94 | as they have smoked everything that I have compared them to. The ACHM sells for 95 | around $40 USD while the ACH sells for $60 - $70 USD depending on whether you are 96 | looking at the model with USB-C or Micro USB3 ports. They are premium quality 97 | adapters and their price reflects as much. Both are a pleasure to use. 98 | 99 | Note: There are additional factors beyond link quality that need to be taken into 100 | account before making a purchase decision. 101 | 102 | - The drivers for the mt761xu based adapters are located in and maintained in the 103 | Linux kernel which means using the adapter is plug and play. The drivers are Linux 104 | Wireless standards compliant. Their support for AP and Monitor modes is outstanding. 105 | 106 | - The drivers for the rtl88xx based dual band adapters are not in the Linux kernel so 107 | users will first have to locate a version of the driver that will work with the Linux 108 | kernel they are using. This is NOT an easy task and often leads to frustration. If you are 109 | able to find and install a driver for Realtek based adapters, as your Linux distro is 110 | upgraded, the driver may stop working because the driver is not being upgraded with 111 | changes made in new kernels. Lastly, the Realtek drivers are not Linux Wireless standards 112 | compliant. Do not disregard or underestimate the aggravation that Realtek based adapters 113 | can cause. You have been warned. 114 | 115 | Paying for a good quality USB WiFi adapter that is supported by in-kernel drivers can make 116 | a lot of difference in your experience. Cheap, poor quality adapters or adapters that use 117 | out-of-kernel drivers can lead to a bad experience. 118 | 119 | My opinion, based on experience using the tested adapters, is shown in the following 120 | categories: (the Top 3 are listed in order) 121 | 122 | ----- 123 | 124 | Build Quality: 125 | ``` 126 | 1. Alfa AWUS036ACH 127 | 2. Alfa AWUS036ACM 128 | 3. Alfa AWUS036ACHM 129 | ``` 130 | Note: There is very little difference in quality from 1 to 3. All 3 are excellent quality adapters. 131 | 132 | ----- 133 | 134 | Link Quality: 135 | ``` 136 | 1. Alfa AWUS036ACHM 137 | 2. Alfa AWUS036ACH 138 | 3. EDUP EP-AC1605GS 139 | 140 | ``` 141 | Note: The link quality and range of adapters 1 and 2 is very impressive. 142 | 143 | ----- 144 | 145 | Driver Quality: 146 | ``` 147 | 1. Alfa AWUS036ACM, Netgear A6210 - mt7612u 148 | 2. Alfa AWUS036ACHM - mt7610u 149 | 3. Alfa AWUS036ACH - rtl8812au 150 | Honorable mention: Alfa AWUS036ACS 151 | ``` 152 | 153 | Note: The drivers for the 154 | [rtl8812au](https://github.com/morrownr/8812au-20210629) 155 | and 156 | [rtl8821au](https://github.com/morrownr/8821au-20210708) 157 | are the only Realtek dual mode drivers that I consider to 158 | be reasonable quality for use in monitor mode and AP mode. 159 | 160 | ----- 161 | 162 | Managed mode Operation: 163 | ``` 164 | 1. EDUP EP-AC1605GS 165 | 2. Alfa AWUS036ACH 166 | 3. Alfa AWUS036ACM 167 | ``` 168 | 169 | ----- 170 | 171 | Master (AP) mode Operation: 172 | ``` 173 | 1. Alfa AWUS036ACM 174 | 2. Alfa AWUS036ACHM 175 | 3. Alfa AWUS036ACH 176 | Honorable mention: Alfa AWUS036ACS (short range) 177 | ``` 178 | 179 | Note: AP mode requires a high degree of stability which depends on very good quality drivers as well as good quality hardware. All 3 adapters do a good job with AP mode. Adapters 2 and 3 provide long range if that is important for your use case. Adapter 3 supports DFS channels in AP mode whereas adapters 1 and 2 currently do not. Here are the drivers for the [AWUS036ACH](https://github.com/morrownr/8812au-20210629) and the [AWUS036ACS](https://github.com/morrownr/8821au-20210708). Adapters 1 and 2 use in-kernel drivers which enhances their trouble free operation. 180 | 181 | ----- 182 | 183 | Monitor mode Operation: 184 | ``` 185 | 1. Alfa AWUS036ACHM 186 | 2. Alfa AWUS036ACM 187 | 3. Alfa AWUS036ACH 188 | Honorable mention: Alfa AWUS036ACS 189 | ``` 190 | Note: Penetration testers should take a look at adapters 1 and 2. Adapter 1 has exceptional range. Here are the drivers for the [AWUS036ACH](https://github.com/morrownr/8812au-20210629) and the [AWUS036ACS](https://github.com/morrownr/8821au-20210708). 191 | 192 | ----- 193 | 194 | Low power usage: 195 | (important for use with a Raspberry Pi or other use cases that require low power adapters) 196 | ``` 197 | 1. Alfa AWUS036ACS (AC600) 198 | 2. Alfa AWUS036ACM (AC1200) 199 | 3. Alfa AWUS036ACHM (AC600) 200 | ``` 201 | Note: I use adapter 2 with a RasPi4b as an access point. The low power requirement makes it a very good match for Raspberry Pi hardware. 202 | 203 | ----- 204 | 205 | Portability: 206 | ``` 207 | 1. Netgear A6210 208 | 2. Alfa AWUS036ACS 209 | 3. Alfa AWUS036ACHM 210 | ``` 211 | 212 | ----- 213 | 214 | Driver is in-kernel: 215 | ``` 216 | 1. Alfa AWUS036ACM, Netgear A6210, Alfa AWUS036ACHM 217 | ``` 218 | 219 | ----- 220 | 221 | Driver is Linux Wireless standards compliant: 222 | ``` 223 | 1. Alfa AWUS036ACM, Netgear A6210, Alfa AWUS036ACHM 224 | ``` 225 | 226 | ----- 227 | 228 | Clear path to report driver problems: 229 | ``` 230 | 1. Alfa AWUS036ACM, Netgear A6210, Alfa AWUS036ACHM 231 | ``` 232 | 233 | ----- 234 | 235 | WPA3 support: 236 | ``` 237 | 1. Alfa AWUS036ACM, Netgear A6210, Alfa AWUS036ACHM 238 | ``` 239 | 240 | ----- 241 | 242 | Point system for above categories to help forecast the likelihood 243 | of Linux users being happy with their purchase over the long term: 244 | ``` 245 | First place = 3 points 246 | Second place = 2 points 247 | Third place = 1 point 248 | 249 | Results: 250 | 251 | 1. Alfa AWUS036ACM - 25 252 | 2. Alfa AWUS036ACHM - 24 253 | 3. Netgear A6210 - 15 254 | 4. Alfa AWUS036ACH - 10 255 | 5. Alfa AWUS036ACS - 5 256 | 6. EDUP EP-AC1605GS - 4 257 | ``` 258 | 259 | Final note: This is a limited test of a few selected adapters out of 260 | many adapters that are available so please take this document 261 | as general guidance that may prove to be useful. 262 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /home/iw_list/ALFA_AWUS036ACM.txt: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 2022-04-30 2 | 3 | ALFA_AWUS036ACM 4 | 5 | Maintained by @morrownr 6 | 7 | Chipset: mt7612u 8 | 9 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 10 | 11 | $ lsusb 12 | ID 0e8d:7612 MediaTek Inc. MT7612U 802.11a/b/g/n/ac Wireless Adapter 13 | 14 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 15 | 16 | $ uname -a 17 | Linux Aspire-A514-54 5.15.0-27-generic #28-Ubuntu SMP Thu Apr 14 04:55:28 UTC 2022 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux 18 | 19 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20 | 21 | $ iw list 22 | Wiphy phyX 23 | wiphy index: X 24 | max # scan SSIDs: 4 25 | max scan IEs length: 2243 bytes 26 | max # sched scan SSIDs: 0 27 | max # match sets: 0 28 | Retry short limit: 7 29 | Retry long limit: 4 30 | Coverage class: 0 (up to 0m) 31 | Device supports RSN-IBSS. 32 | Device supports AP-side u-APSD. 33 | Device supports T-DLS. 34 | Supported Ciphers: 35 | * WEP40 (00-0f-ac:1) 36 | * WEP104 (00-0f-ac:5) 37 | * TKIP (00-0f-ac:2) 38 | * CCMP-128 (00-0f-ac:4) 39 | * CCMP-256 (00-0f-ac:10) 40 | * GCMP-128 (00-0f-ac:8) 41 | * GCMP-256 (00-0f-ac:9) 42 | * CMAC (00-0f-ac:6) 43 | * CMAC-256 (00-0f-ac:13) 44 | * GMAC-128 (00-0f-ac:11) 45 | * GMAC-256 (00-0f-ac:12) 46 | Available Antennas: TX 0x3 RX 0x3 47 | Configured Antennas: TX 0x3 RX 0x3 48 | Supported interface modes: 49 | * IBSS 50 | * managed 51 | * AP 52 | * AP/VLAN 53 | * monitor 54 | * mesh point 55 | * P2P-client 56 | * P2P-GO 57 | Band 1: 58 | Capabilities: 0x1ff 59 | RX LDPC 60 | HT20/HT40 61 | SM Power Save disabled 62 | RX Greenfield 63 | RX HT20 SGI 64 | RX HT40 SGI 65 | TX STBC 66 | RX STBC 1-stream 67 | Max AMSDU length: 3839 bytes 68 | No DSSS/CCK HT40 69 | Maximum RX AMPDU length 65535 bytes (exponent: 0x003) 70 | Minimum RX AMPDU time spacing: No restriction (0x00) 71 | HT TX/RX MCS rate indexes supported: 0-15 72 | Bitrates (non-HT): 73 | * 1.0 Mbps (short preamble supported) 74 | * 2.0 Mbps (short preamble supported) 75 | * 5.5 Mbps (short preamble supported) 76 | * 11.0 Mbps (short preamble supported) 77 | * 6.0 Mbps 78 | * 9.0 Mbps 79 | * 12.0 Mbps 80 | * 18.0 Mbps 81 | * 24.0 Mbps 82 | * 36.0 Mbps 83 | * 48.0 Mbps 84 | * 54.0 Mbps 85 | Frequencies: 86 | * 2412 MHz [1] (23.0 dBm) 87 | * 2417 MHz [2] (23.0 dBm) 88 | * 2422 MHz [3] (23.0 dBm) 89 | * 2427 MHz [4] (23.0 dBm) 90 | * 2432 MHz [5] (23.0 dBm) 91 | * 2437 MHz [6] (23.0 dBm) 92 | * 2442 MHz [7] (23.0 dBm) 93 | * 2447 MHz [8] (23.0 dBm) 94 | * 2452 MHz [9] (23.0 dBm) 95 | * 2457 MHz [10] (23.0 dBm) 96 | * 2462 MHz [11] (23.0 dBm) 97 | * 2467 MHz [12] (disabled) 98 | * 2472 MHz [13] (disabled) 99 | * 2484 MHz [14] (disabled) 100 | Band 2: 101 | Capabilities: 0x1ff 102 | RX LDPC 103 | HT20/HT40 104 | SM Power Save disabled 105 | RX Greenfield 106 | RX HT20 SGI 107 | RX HT40 SGI 108 | TX STBC 109 | RX STBC 1-stream 110 | Max AMSDU length: 3839 bytes 111 | No DSSS/CCK HT40 112 | Maximum RX AMPDU length 65535 bytes (exponent: 0x003) 113 | Minimum RX AMPDU time spacing: No restriction (0x00) 114 | HT TX/RX MCS rate indexes supported: 0-15 115 | VHT Capabilities (0x318001b0): 116 | Max MPDU length: 3895 117 | Supported Channel Width: neither 160 nor 80+80 118 | RX LDPC 119 | short GI (80 MHz) 120 | TX STBC 121 | RX antenna pattern consistency 122 | TX antenna pattern consistency 123 | VHT RX MCS set: 124 | 1 streams: MCS 0-9 125 | 2 streams: MCS 0-9 126 | 3 streams: not supported 127 | 4 streams: not supported 128 | 5 streams: not supported 129 | 6 streams: not supported 130 | 7 streams: not supported 131 | 8 streams: not supported 132 | VHT RX highest supported: 0 Mbps 133 | VHT TX MCS set: 134 | 1 streams: MCS 0-9 135 | 2 streams: MCS 0-9 136 | 3 streams: not supported 137 | 4 streams: not supported 138 | 5 streams: not supported 139 | 6 streams: not supported 140 | 7 streams: not supported 141 | 8 streams: not supported 142 | VHT TX highest supported: 0 Mbps 143 | Bitrates (non-HT): 144 | * 6.0 Mbps 145 | * 9.0 Mbps 146 | * 12.0 Mbps 147 | * 18.0 Mbps 148 | * 24.0 Mbps 149 | * 36.0 Mbps 150 | * 48.0 Mbps 151 | * 54.0 Mbps 152 | Frequencies: 153 | * 5180 MHz [36] (20.0 dBm) 154 | * 5200 MHz [40] (20.0 dBm) 155 | * 5220 MHz [44] (20.0 dBm) 156 | * 5240 MHz [48] (20.0 dBm) 157 | * 5260 MHz [52] (20.0 dBm) (radar detection) 158 | * 5280 MHz [56] (20.0 dBm) (radar detection) 159 | * 5300 MHz [60] (20.0 dBm) (radar detection) 160 | * 5320 MHz [64] (20.0 dBm) (radar detection) 161 | * 5500 MHz [100] (20.0 dBm) (radar detection) 162 | * 5520 MHz [104] (20.0 dBm) (radar detection) 163 | * 5540 MHz [108] (20.0 dBm) (radar detection) 164 | * 5560 MHz [112] (20.0 dBm) (radar detection) 165 | * 5580 MHz [116] (20.0 dBm) (radar detection) 166 | * 5600 MHz [120] (20.0 dBm) (radar detection) 167 | * 5620 MHz [124] (20.0 dBm) (radar detection) 168 | * 5640 MHz [128] (20.0 dBm) (radar detection) 169 | * 5660 MHz [132] (20.0 dBm) (radar detection) 170 | * 5680 MHz [136] (20.0 dBm) (radar detection) 171 | * 5700 MHz [140] (20.0 dBm) (radar detection) 172 | * 5720 MHz [144] (20.0 dBm) (radar detection) 173 | * 5745 MHz [149] (20.0 dBm) 174 | * 5765 MHz [153] (20.0 dBm) 175 | * 5785 MHz [157] (20.0 dBm) 176 | * 5805 MHz [161] (20.0 dBm) 177 | * 5825 MHz [165] (20.0 dBm) 178 | * 5845 MHz [169] (20.0 dBm) (no IR) 179 | * 5865 MHz [173] (20.0 dBm) (no IR) 180 | Supported commands: 181 | * new_interface 182 | * set_interface 183 | * new_key 184 | * start_ap 185 | * new_station 186 | * new_mpath 187 | * set_mesh_config 188 | * set_bss 189 | * authenticate 190 | * associate 191 | * deauthenticate 192 | * disassociate 193 | * join_ibss 194 | * join_mesh 195 | * remain_on_channel 196 | * set_tx_bitrate_mask 197 | * frame 198 | * frame_wait_cancel 199 | * set_wiphy_netns 200 | * set_channel 201 | * tdls_mgmt 202 | * tdls_oper 203 | * probe_client 204 | * set_noack_map 205 | * register_beacons 206 | * start_p2p_device 207 | * set_mcast_rate 208 | * connect 209 | * disconnect 210 | * channel_switch 211 | * set_qos_map 212 | * set_multicast_to_unicast 213 | software interface modes (can always be added): 214 | * AP/VLAN 215 | * monitor 216 | valid interface combinations: 217 | * #{ IBSS } <= 1, #{ managed, AP, mesh point, P2P-client, P2P-GO } <= 2, 218 | total <= 2, #channels <= 1, STA/AP BI must match 219 | HT Capability overrides: 220 | * MCS: ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff 221 | * maximum A-MSDU length 222 | * supported channel width 223 | * short GI for 40 MHz 224 | * max A-MPDU length exponent 225 | * min MPDU start spacing 226 | Device supports TX status socket option. 227 | Device supports HT-IBSS. 228 | Device supports SAE with AUTHENTICATE command 229 | Device supports low priority scan. 230 | Device supports scan flush. 231 | Device supports AP scan. 232 | Device supports per-vif TX power setting 233 | Driver supports full state transitions for AP/GO clients 234 | Driver supports a userspace MPM 235 | Device supports active monitor (which will ACK incoming frames) 236 | Device supports configuring vdev MAC-addr on create. 237 | max # scan plans: 1 238 | max scan plan interval: -1 239 | max scan plan iterations: 0 240 | Supported TX frame types: 241 | * IBSS: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 242 | * managed: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 243 | * AP: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 244 | * AP/VLAN: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 245 | * mesh point: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 246 | * P2P-client: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 247 | * P2P-GO: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 248 | * P2P-device: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 249 | Supported RX frame types: 250 | * IBSS: 0x40 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 251 | * managed: 0x40 0xb0 0xd0 252 | * AP: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 253 | * AP/VLAN: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 254 | * mesh point: 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 255 | * P2P-client: 0x40 0xd0 256 | * P2P-GO: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 257 | * P2P-device: 0x40 0xd0 258 | Supported extended features: 259 | * [ VHT_IBSS ]: VHT-IBSS 260 | * [ RRM ]: RRM 261 | * [ FILS_STA ]: STA FILS (Fast Initial Link Setup) 262 | * [ CQM_RSSI_LIST ]: multiple CQM_RSSI_THOLD records 263 | * [ CONTROL_PORT_OVER_NL80211 ]: control port over nl80211 264 | * [ TXQS ]: FQ-CoDel-enabled intermediate TXQs 265 | * [ AIRTIME_FAIRNESS ]: airtime fairness scheduling 266 | * [ AQL ]: Airtime Queue Limits (AQL) 267 | * [ SCAN_RANDOM_SN ]: use random sequence numbers in scans 268 | * [ SCAN_MIN_PREQ_CONTENT ]: use probe request with only rate IEs in scans 269 | * [ CONTROL_PORT_NO_PREAUTH ]: disable pre-auth over nl80211 control port support 270 | * [ DEL_IBSS_STA ]: deletion of IBSS station support 271 | * [ SCAN_FREQ_KHZ ]: scan on kHz frequency support 272 | * [ CONTROL_PORT_OVER_NL80211_TX_STATUS ]: tx status for nl80211 control port support 273 | 274 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 275 | 276 | hostapd.conf: 277 | * ht_capab=[LDPC][HT40+][HT40-][GF][SHORT-GI-20][SHORT-GI-40][TX-STBC][RX-STBC1] 278 | * vht_capab=[RXLDPC][SHORT-GI-80][TX-STBC-2BY1][RX-STBC-1][MAX-A-MPDU-LEN-EXP3][RX-ANTENNA-PATTERN][TX-ANTENNA-PATTERN] 279 | 280 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 281 | 282 | usb-modeswitch not required. This is a single-state device. 283 | 284 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 285 | 286 | WPA3-SAE: yes 287 | 288 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 289 | 290 | Power requirement: Heavy load: ~380 mA 291 | 292 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 293 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /home/iw_list/ALFA_AWUS036ACHM_mt7610u.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | ALFA_AWUS036ACHM 2 | 3 | A WiFi 5 long range USB 2 adapter 4 | 5 | Chipset: mt7610u 6 | 7 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8 | 9 | ``` 10 | $ lsusb -vt | grep -E 'mt76|MediaTek' 11 | |__ Port 2: Dev 5, If 0, Class=Vendor Specific Class, Driver=mt76x0u, 480M 12 | ID 0e8d:7610 MediaTek Inc. 13 | ``` 14 | 15 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 16 | 17 | ``` 18 | $ sudo lsusb -v -d 0e8d:7610 | grep -E 'bcdUSB|idVendor|iProduct|MaxPower' 19 | bcdUSB 2.01 20 | idVendor 0x0e8d MediaTek Inc. 21 | iProduct 2 WiFi 22 | MaxPower 160mA 23 | ``` 24 | 25 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 26 | 27 | ``` 28 | $ iwconfig |& grep -Eo 'Tx-Power=.*dBm' 29 | Tx-Power=14 dBm 30 | (25.12 mW) 31 | ``` 32 | 33 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 34 | 35 | ``` 36 | $ uname -a 37 | Linux raspberrypi 5.10.52-v7l+ #1441 SMP Tue Aug 3 18:11:56 BST 2021 armv7l GNU/Linux 38 | ``` 39 | 40 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 41 | 42 | ``` 43 | $ iw list 44 | Wiphy phy0 45 | max # scan SSIDs: 4 46 | max scan IEs length: 2243 bytes 47 | max # sched scan SSIDs: 0 48 | max # match sets: 0 49 | Fragmentation threshold: 2304 50 | RTS threshold: 2304 51 | Retry short limit: 7 52 | Retry long limit: 4 53 | Coverage class: 0 (up to 0m) 54 | Device supports RSN-IBSS. 55 | Device supports AP-side u-APSD. 56 | Device supports T-DLS. 57 | Supported Ciphers: 58 | * WEP40 (00-0f-ac:1) 59 | * WEP104 (00-0f-ac:5) 60 | * TKIP (00-0f-ac:2) 61 | * CCMP-128 (00-0f-ac:4) 62 | * CCMP-256 (00-0f-ac:10) 63 | * GCMP-128 (00-0f-ac:8) 64 | * GCMP-256 (00-0f-ac:9) 65 | * CMAC (00-0f-ac:6) 66 | * CMAC-256 (00-0f-ac:13) 67 | * GMAC-128 (00-0f-ac:11) 68 | * GMAC-256 (00-0f-ac:12) 69 | Available Antennas: TX 0x1 RX 0x1 70 | Configured Antennas: TX 0x1 RX 0x1 71 | Supported interface modes: 72 | * IBSS 73 | * managed 74 | * AP 75 | * AP/VLAN 76 | * monitor 77 | * mesh point 78 | * P2P-client 79 | * P2P-GO 80 | Band 1: 81 | Capabilities: 0x17e 82 | HT20/HT40 83 | SM Power Save disabled 84 | RX Greenfield 85 | RX HT20 SGI 86 | RX HT40 SGI 87 | RX STBC 1-stream 88 | Max AMSDU length: 3839 bytes 89 | No DSSS/CCK HT40 90 | Maximum RX AMPDU length 65535 bytes (exponent: 0x003) 91 | Minimum RX AMPDU time spacing: No restriction (0x00) 92 | HT TX/RX MCS rate indexes supported: 0-7 93 | Bitrates (non-HT): 94 | * 1.0 Mbps (short preamble supported) 95 | * 2.0 Mbps (short preamble supported) 96 | * 5.5 Mbps (short preamble supported) 97 | * 11.0 Mbps (short preamble supported) 98 | * 6.0 Mbps 99 | * 9.0 Mbps 100 | * 12.0 Mbps 101 | * 18.0 Mbps 102 | * 24.0 Mbps 103 | * 36.0 Mbps 104 | * 48.0 Mbps 105 | * 54.0 Mbps 106 | Frequencies: 107 | * 2412 MHz [1] (2.0 dBm) 108 | * 2417 MHz [2] (2.0 dBm) 109 | * 2422 MHz [3] (2.0 dBm) 110 | * 2427 MHz [4] (2.0 dBm) 111 | * 2432 MHz [5] (2.0 dBm) 112 | * 2437 MHz [6] (2.0 dBm) 113 | * 2442 MHz [7] (2.0 dBm) 114 | * 2447 MHz [8] (2.0 dBm) 115 | * 2452 MHz [9] (2.0 dBm) 116 | * 2457 MHz [10] (2.0 dBm) 117 | * 2462 MHz [11] (2.0 dBm) 118 | * 2467 MHz [12] (disabled) 119 | * 2472 MHz [13] (disabled) 120 | * 2484 MHz [14] (disabled) 121 | Band 2: 122 | Capabilities: 0x17e 123 | HT20/HT40 124 | SM Power Save disabled 125 | RX Greenfield 126 | RX HT20 SGI 127 | RX HT40 SGI 128 | RX STBC 1-stream 129 | Max AMSDU length: 3839 bytes 130 | No DSSS/CCK HT40 131 | Maximum RX AMPDU length 65535 bytes (exponent: 0x003) 132 | Minimum RX AMPDU time spacing: No restriction (0x00) 133 | HT TX/RX MCS rate indexes supported: 0-7 134 | VHT Capabilities (0x31800120): 135 | Max MPDU length: 3895 136 | Supported Channel Width: neither 160 nor 80+80 137 | short GI (80 MHz) 138 | RX antenna pattern consistency 139 | TX antenna pattern consistency 140 | VHT RX MCS set: 141 | 1 streams: MCS 0-9 142 | 2 streams: not supported 143 | 3 streams: not supported 144 | 4 streams: not supported 145 | 5 streams: not supported 146 | 6 streams: not supported 147 | 7 streams: not supported 148 | 8 streams: not supported 149 | VHT RX highest supported: 0 Mbps 150 | VHT TX MCS set: 151 | 1 streams: MCS 0-9 152 | 2 streams: not supported 153 | 3 streams: not supported 154 | 4 streams: not supported 155 | 5 streams: not supported 156 | 6 streams: not supported 157 | 7 streams: not supported 158 | 8 streams: not supported 159 | VHT TX highest supported: 0 Mbps 160 | Bitrates (non-HT): 161 | * 6.0 Mbps 162 | * 9.0 Mbps 163 | * 12.0 Mbps 164 | * 18.0 Mbps 165 | * 24.0 Mbps 166 | * 36.0 Mbps 167 | * 48.0 Mbps 168 | * 54.0 Mbps 169 | Frequencies: 170 | * 5180 MHz [36] (16.0 dBm) 171 | * 5200 MHz [40] (16.0 dBm) 172 | * 5220 MHz [44] (16.0 dBm) 173 | * 5240 MHz [48] (16.0 dBm) 174 | * 5260 MHz [52] (16.0 dBm) (radar detection) 175 | * 5280 MHz [56] (16.0 dBm) (radar detection) 176 | * 5300 MHz [60] (15.0 dBm) (radar detection) 177 | * 5320 MHz [64] (15.0 dBm) (radar detection) 178 | * 5500 MHz [100] (14.0 dBm) (radar detection) 179 | * 5520 MHz [104] (14.0 dBm) (radar detection) 180 | * 5540 MHz [108] (14.0 dBm) (radar detection) 181 | * 5560 MHz [112] (14.0 dBm) (radar detection) 182 | * 5580 MHz [116] (13.0 dBm) (radar detection) 183 | * 5600 MHz [120] (13.0 dBm) (radar detection) 184 | * 5620 MHz [124] (13.0 dBm) (radar detection) 185 | * 5640 MHz [128] (13.0 dBm) (radar detection) 186 | * 5660 MHz [132] (13.0 dBm) (radar detection) 187 | * 5680 MHz [136] (13.0 dBm) (radar detection) 188 | * 5700 MHz [140] (13.0 dBm) (radar detection) 189 | * 5720 MHz [144] (12.0 dBm) (radar detection) 190 | * 5745 MHz [149] (12.0 dBm) 191 | * 5765 MHz [153] (12.0 dBm) 192 | * 5785 MHz [157] (12.0 dBm) 193 | * 5805 MHz [161] (13.0 dBm) 194 | * 5825 MHz [165] (13.0 dBm) 195 | * 5845 MHz [169] (disabled) 196 | * 5865 MHz [173] (disabled) 197 | Supported commands: 198 | * new_interface 199 | * set_interface 200 | * new_key 201 | * start_ap 202 | * new_station 203 | * new_mpath 204 | * set_mesh_config 205 | * set_bss 206 | * authenticate 207 | * associate 208 | * deauthenticate 209 | * disassociate 210 | * join_ibss 211 | * join_mesh 212 | * remain_on_channel 213 | * set_tx_bitrate_mask 214 | * frame 215 | * frame_wait_cancel 216 | * set_wiphy_netns 217 | * set_channel 218 | * set_wds_peer 219 | * tdls_mgmt 220 | * tdls_oper 221 | * probe_client 222 | * set_noack_map 223 | * register_beacons 224 | * start_p2p_device 225 | * set_mcast_rate 226 | * connect 227 | * disconnect 228 | * channel_switch 229 | * set_qos_map 230 | * set_multicast_to_unicast 231 | software interface modes (can always be added): 232 | * AP/VLAN 233 | * monitor 234 | valid interface combinations: 235 | * #{ IBSS } <= 1, #{ managed, AP, mesh point, P2P-client, P2P-GO } <= 2, 236 | total <= 2, #channels <= 1, STA/AP BI must match 237 | HT Capability overrides: 238 | * MCS: ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff 239 | * maximum A-MSDU length 240 | * supported channel width 241 | * short GI for 40 MHz 242 | * max A-MPDU length exponent 243 | * min MPDU start spacing 244 | Device supports TX status socket option. 245 | Device supports HT-IBSS. 246 | Device supports SAE with AUTHENTICATE command 247 | Device supports low priority scan. 248 | Device supports scan flush. 249 | Device supports AP scan. 250 | Device supports per-vif TX power setting 251 | Driver supports full state transitions for AP/GO clients 252 | Driver supports a userspace MPM 253 | Device supports active monitor (which will ACK incoming frames) 254 | Device supports configuring vdev MAC-addr on create. 255 | max # scan plans: 1 256 | max scan plan interval: -1 257 | max scan plan iterations: 0 258 | Supported TX frame types: 259 | * IBSS: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 260 | * managed: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 261 | * AP: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 262 | * AP/VLAN: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 263 | * mesh point: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 264 | * P2P-client: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 265 | * P2P-GO: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 266 | * P2P-device: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0 267 | Supported RX frame types: 268 | * IBSS: 0x40 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 269 | * managed: 0x40 0xb0 0xd0 270 | * AP: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 271 | * AP/VLAN: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 272 | * mesh point: 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 273 | * P2P-client: 0x40 0xd0 274 | * P2P-GO: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 275 | * P2P-device: 0x40 0xd0 276 | Supported extended features: 277 | * [ VHT_IBSS ]: VHT-IBSS 278 | * [ RRM ]: RRM 279 | * [ FILS_STA ]: STA FILS (Fast Initial Link Setup) 280 | * [ CQM_RSSI_LIST ]: multiple CQM_RSSI_THOLD records 281 | * [ CONTROL_PORT_OVER_NL80211 ]: control port over nl80211 282 | * [ TXQS ]: FQ-CoDel-enabled intermediate TXQs 283 | ``` 284 | 285 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 286 | 287 | ``` 288 | hostapd.conf: 289 | * ht_capab=[HT40+][HT40-][GF][SHORT-GI-20][SHORT-GI-40][RX-STBC-1] 290 | * vht_capab=[MAX-A-MPDU-LEN-EXP3][SHORT-GI-80][RX-STBC-1][RX-ANTENNA-PATTERN][TX-ANTENNA-PATTERN] 291 | ``` 292 | 293 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 294 | 295 | usb-modeswitch not required. This is a single-state device. 296 | 297 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 298 | 299 | WPA3-SAE: yes 300 | 301 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 302 | 303 | Power requirement: Heavy load: ~420 mA 304 | 305 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 306 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /home/iw_list/AVM FRITZ!WLAN USB Stick N v2: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 | 3 | $ uname -sr 4 | Linux 6.1.89 5 | 6 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7 | 8 | $ lsusb 9 | Bus 001 Device 007: ID 057c:8501 AVM Berlin FRITZ!WLAN USB Stick N v2 10 | 11 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 12 | 13 | $ lsusb -vt 14 | |__ Port 001: Dev 007, If 0, Class=[unknown], Driver=rt2800usb, 480M 15 | ID 057c:8501 16 | 17 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 18 | 19 | $ sudo lsusb -v -d 057c:8503 20 | 21 | Bus 001 Device 007: ID 057c:8501 AVM Berlin FRITZ!WLAN USB Stick N v2 22 | Device Descriptor: 23 | bLength 18 24 | bDescriptorType 1 25 | bcdUSB 2.00 26 | bDeviceClass 0 [unknown] 27 | bDeviceSubClass 0 [unknown] 28 | bDeviceProtocol 0 29 | bMaxPacketSize0 64 30 | idVendor 0x057c AVM Berlin 31 | idProduct 0x8501 FRITZ!WLAN USB Stick N v2 32 | bcdDevice 4.24 33 | iManufacturer 1 AVM Berlin 34 | iProduct 2 FRITZ!WLAN USB Stick N v2 35 | iSerial 3 5C4979F12C9C 36 | bNumConfigurations 1 37 | Configuration Descriptor: 38 | bLength 9 39 | bDescriptorType 2 40 | wTotalLength 0x0035 41 | bNumInterfaces 1 42 | bConfigurationValue 1 43 | iConfiguration 0 44 | bmAttributes 0x80 45 | (Bus Powered) 46 | MaxPower 450mA 47 | Interface Descriptor: 48 | bLength 9 49 | bDescriptorType 4 50 | bInterfaceNumber 0 51 | bAlternateSetting 0 52 | bNumEndpoints 5 53 | bInterfaceClass 255 [unknown] 54 | bInterfaceSubClass 255 [unknown] 55 | bInterfaceProtocol 255 56 | iInterface 5 5C4979F12C9C 57 | Endpoint Descriptor: 58 | bLength 7 59 | bDescriptorType 5 60 | bEndpointAddress 0x81 EP 1 IN 61 | bmAttributes 2 62 | Transfer Type Bulk 63 | Synch Type None 64 | Usage Type Data 65 | wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes 66 | bInterval 0 67 | Endpoint Descriptor: 68 | bLength 7 69 | bDescriptorType 5 70 | bEndpointAddress 0x01 EP 1 OUT 71 | bmAttributes 2 72 | Transfer Type Bulk 73 | Synch Type None 74 | Usage Type Data 75 | wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes 76 | bInterval 0 77 | Endpoint Descriptor: 78 | bLength 7 79 | bDescriptorType 5 80 | bEndpointAddress 0x02 EP 2 OUT 81 | bmAttributes 2 82 | Transfer Type Bulk 83 | Synch Type None 84 | Usage Type Data 85 | wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes 86 | bInterval 0 87 | Endpoint Descriptor: 88 | bLength 7 89 | bDescriptorType 5 90 | bEndpointAddress 0x03 EP 3 OUT 91 | bmAttributes 2 92 | Transfer Type Bulk 93 | Synch Type None 94 | Usage Type Data 95 | wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes 96 | bInterval 0 97 | Endpoint Descriptor: 98 | bLength 7 99 | bDescriptorType 5 100 | bEndpointAddress 0x04 EP 4 OUT 101 | bmAttributes 2 102 | Transfer Type Bulk 103 | Synch Type None 104 | Usage Type Data 105 | wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes 106 | bInterval 0 107 | Device Qualifier (for other device speed): 108 | bLength 10 109 | bDescriptorType 6 110 | bcdUSB 2.00 111 | bDeviceClass 0 [unknown] 112 | bDeviceSubClass 0 [unknown] 113 | bDeviceProtocol 0 114 | bMaxPacketSize0 64 115 | bNumConfigurations 1 116 | Device Status: 0x0000 117 | (Bus Powered) 118 | 119 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 120 | 121 | $ iw list 122 | Wiphy phy0 123 | wiphy index: 0 124 | max # scan SSIDs: 4 125 | max scan IEs length: 2257 bytes 126 | max # sched scan SSIDs: 0 127 | max # match sets: 0 128 | Retry short long limit: 2 129 | Coverage class: 0 (up to 0m) 130 | Available Antennas: TX 0 RX 0 131 | Supported interface modes: 132 | * IBSS 133 | * managed 134 | * AP 135 | * AP/VLAN 136 | * monitor 137 | * mesh point 138 | Band 1: 139 | Capabilities: 0x2fe 140 | HT20/HT40 141 | SM Power Save disabled 142 | RX Greenfield 143 | RX HT20 SGI 144 | RX HT40 SGI 145 | TX STBC 146 | RX STBC 2-streams 147 | Max AMSDU length: 3839 bytes 148 | No DSSS/CCK HT40 149 | Maximum RX AMPDU length 65535 bytes (exponent: 0x003) 150 | Minimum RX AMPDU time spacing: 2 usec (0x04) 151 | HT TX/RX MCS rate indexes supported: 0-15, 32 152 | Frequencies: 153 | * 2412 MHz [1] (20.0 dBm) 154 | * 2417 MHz [2] (20.0 dBm) 155 | * 2422 MHz [3] (20.0 dBm) 156 | * 2427 MHz [4] (20.0 dBm) 157 | * 2432 MHz [5] (20.0 dBm) 158 | * 2437 MHz [6] (20.0 dBm) 159 | * 2442 MHz [7] (20.0 dBm) 160 | * 2447 MHz [8] (20.0 dBm) 161 | * 2452 MHz [9] (20.0 dBm) 162 | * 2457 MHz [10] (20.0 dBm) 163 | * 2462 MHz [11] (20.0 dBm) 164 | * 2467 MHz [12] (20.0 dBm) (no IR) 165 | * 2472 MHz [13] (20.0 dBm) (no IR) 166 | * 2484 MHz [14] (20.0 dBm) (no IR) 167 | Band 2: 168 | Capabilities: 0x2fe 169 | HT20/HT40 170 | SM Power Save disabled 171 | RX Greenfield 172 | RX HT20 SGI 173 | RX HT40 SGI 174 | TX STBC 175 | RX STBC 2-streams 176 | Max AMSDU length: 3839 bytes 177 | No DSSS/CCK HT40 178 | Maximum RX AMPDU length 65535 bytes (exponent: 0x003) 179 | Minimum RX AMPDU time spacing: 2 usec (0x04) 180 | HT TX/RX MCS rate indexes supported: 0-15, 32 181 | Frequencies: 182 | * 5180 MHz [36] (20.0 dBm) 183 | * 5190 MHz [38] (20.0 dBm) 184 | * 5200 MHz [40] (20.0 dBm) 185 | * 5210 MHz [42] (20.0 dBm) 186 | * 5220 MHz [44] (20.0 dBm) 187 | * 5230 MHz [46] (20.0 dBm) 188 | * 5240 MHz [48] (20.0 dBm) 189 | * 5250 MHz [50] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection) 190 | * 5260 MHz [52] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection) 191 | * 5270 MHz [54] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection) 192 | * 5280 MHz [56] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection) 193 | * 5290 MHz [58] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection) 194 | * 5300 MHz [60] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection) 195 | * 5310 MHz [62] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection) 196 | * 5320 MHz [64] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection) 197 | * 5500 MHz [100] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection) 198 | * 5510 MHz [102] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection) 199 | * 5520 MHz [104] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection) 200 | * 5530 MHz [106] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection) 201 | * 5540 MHz [108] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection) 202 | * 5550 MHz [110] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection) 203 | * 5560 MHz [112] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection) 204 | * 5570 MHz [114] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection) 205 | * 5580 MHz [116] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection) 206 | * 5590 MHz [118] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection) 207 | * 5600 MHz [120] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection) 208 | * 5610 MHz [122] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection) 209 | * 5620 MHz [124] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection) 210 | * 5630 MHz [126] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection) 211 | * 5640 MHz [128] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection) 212 | * 5650 MHz [130] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection) 213 | * 5660 MHz [132] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection) 214 | * 5670 MHz [134] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection) 215 | * 5680 MHz [136] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection) 216 | * 5690 MHz [138] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection) 217 | * 5700 MHz [140] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection) 218 | * 5745 MHz [149] (20.0 dBm) (no IR) 219 | * 5755 MHz [151] (20.0 dBm) (no IR) 220 | * 5765 MHz [153] (20.0 dBm) (no IR) 221 | * 5775 MHz [155] (20.0 dBm) (no IR) 222 | * 5785 MHz [157] (20.0 dBm) (no IR) 223 | * 5795 MHz [159] (20.0 dBm) (no IR) 224 | * 5805 MHz [161] (20.0 dBm) (no IR) 225 | * 5825 MHz [165] (20.0 dBm) (no IR) 226 | * 4920 MHz [184] (disabled) 227 | * 4940 MHz [188] (disabled) 228 | * 4960 MHz [192] (disabled) 229 | * 4980 MHz [196] (disabled) 230 | valid interface combinations: 231 | * #{ managed, AP, mesh point } <= 8, 232 | total <= 8, #channels <= 1 233 | HT Capability overrides: 234 | * MCS: ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff 235 | * maximum A-MSDU length 236 | * supported channel width 237 | * short GI for 40 MHz 238 | * max A-MPDU length exponent 239 | * min MPDU start spacing 240 | max # scan plans: 1 241 | max scan plan interval: -1 242 | max scan plan iterations: 0 243 | Supported extended features: 244 | * [ RRM ]: RRM 245 | * [ FILS_STA ]: STA FILS (Fast Initial Link Setup) 246 | * [ CQM_RSSI_LIST ]: multiple CQM_RSSI_THOLD records 247 | * [ CONTROL_PORT_OVER_NL80211 ]: control port over nl80211 248 | * [ TXQS ]: FQ-CoDel-enabled intermediate TXQs 249 | * [ SCAN_RANDOM_SN ]: use random sequence numbers in scans 250 | * [ SCAN_MIN_PREQ_CONTENT ]: use probe request with only rate IEs in scans 251 | * [ CONTROL_PORT_NO_PREAUTH ]: disable pre-auth over nl80211 control port support 252 | * [ DEL_IBSS_STA ]: deletion of IBSS station support 253 | * [ SCAN_FREQ_KHZ ]: scan on kHz frequency support 254 | * [ CONTROL_PORT_OVER_NL80211_TX_STATUS ]: tx status for nl80211 control port support 255 | 256 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 257 | 258 | $ iwconfig 259 | not installed 260 | 261 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 262 | 263 | usb-modeswitch is not required. 264 | 265 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 266 | 267 | WPA3-SAE: Unable to test at this time. 268 | 269 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 270 | 271 | Power requirement: Heavy load: Unable to test at this time. 272 | 273 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 274 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------