├── student-class
    ├── student
    ├── student.h
    ├── Makefile
    ├── student-main.cc
    └── student.cc
├── Makefile
├── README.md
├── .gitignore
├── random.cc
├── counter.cc
├── sentinel.cc
├── files.cc
├── input-failure.cc
├── default-params.cc
├── cube.cc
├── structures.cc
├── char-files.cc
├── average.cc
├── LICENSE
├── wages.cc
├── switch.cc
├── string-functions.cc
├── output-files.cc
├── arrays.cc
├── formatting.cc
├── student-struct.cc
├── vectors.cc
├── colors.h
├── rectangle-project
    └── rectangle-main.cc
└── student-class.cc


/student-class/student:
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https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nasseef/cs2400/HEAD/student-class/student


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/Makefile:
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 1 | # Makefile generated by genmake 1.0
 2 | CC = g++
 3 | CFLAGS = -Wall -std=c++11 -g
 4 | 
 5 | # target executable
 6 | a.out: test.cc
 7 | 	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) test.cc
 8 | 
 9 | 
10 | clean: 
11 | 	rm -f a.out
12 | 


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/README.md:
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 1 | 
 2 |  ## CS 2400 (Introduction to Computer Science I), Ohio University, EECS
 3 | 
 4 |  #### Contact: Nasseef Abukamail (abukamai@ohio.edu)
 5 | 
 6 | ---
 7 | 
 8 |   Welcome to CS 2400. In this class we will be writing programs in C++. In order to prepare for class, you need to install a C++ compiler and other software tools on your own machines. 
 9 |   
10 |   Full instructions for installing all the needed tools can be found [here](https://github.com/nasseef/cs)
11 |   


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/.gitignore:
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 1 | # settings
 2 | .vscode
 3 | test*.*
 4 | *.txt
 5 | genmake.cc
 6 | #debug information
 7 | *.dSYM
 8 | # Prerequisites
 9 | *.d
10 | 
11 | # Compiled Object files
12 | *.slo
13 | *.lo
14 | *.o
15 | *.obj
16 | sqlite-ex.cc
17 | *.db
18 | 
19 | # Precompiled Headers
20 | *.gch
21 | *.pch
22 | genmake
23 | # Compiled Dynamic libraries
24 | *.so
25 | *.dylib
26 | *.dll
27 | 
28 | # Fortran module files
29 | *.mod
30 | *.smod
31 | 
32 | # Compiled Static libraries
33 | *.lai
34 | *.la
35 | *.a
36 | *.lib
37 | 
38 | # Executables
39 | *.exe
40 | *.out
41 | *.app
42 | endl.cc
43 | overflow.cc
44 | 


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/random.cc:
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 1 | /**
 2 |  *   @file: random.cc
 3 |  * @author: Nasseef Abukamail
 4 |  *   @date: September 24, 2025
 5 |  *  @brief: Add Description
 6 |  */
 7 | 
 8 | #include <iostream>
 9 | #include <iomanip>
10 | #include <cstdlib>
11 | using namespace std;
12 | 
13 | ///function prototypes
14 | 
15 | int main(int argc, char const *argv[]) {
16 |     srand(time(nullptr));
17 |     cout << "5 random numbers: ";
18 |     for (size_t i = 0; i < 5; i++)
19 |     {
20 |         int randomNumber = rand() % 6 + 1;
21 |         
22 |         cout << randomNumber << " ";
23 |     }
24 | 
25 |     cout << endl;
26 |     return 0;
27 | } /// main


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/student-class/student.h:
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 1 | #ifndef STUDENT_H
 2 | #define STUDENT_H
 3 | #include <cstdlib>
 4 | #include <fstream>
 5 | #include <iostream>
 6 | 
 7 | using namespace std;
 8 | class Student {
 9 |    public:
10 |     Student();  // Default contstuctor
11 |     Student(int newId, string newName);
12 |     string getName() const;
13 |     int getId();
14 |     double getScore();
15 |     /**
16 |      *
17 |      */
18 |     void setName(string newName);
19 |     void setId(int newId);
20 |     void setScore(double newScore);
21 | 
22 |     void output(ostream &out);
23 | 
24 |    private:
25 |     string name;
26 |     int id;
27 |     double score;
28 | };
29 | #endif


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/counter.cc:
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 1 | /**
 2 |  *   @file: counter.cc
 3 |  * @author: Nasseef Abukamail
 4 |  *   @date: September 17, 2025
 5 |  *  @brief: Add Description
 6 |  */
 7 | 
 8 | #include <iostream>
 9 | #include <iomanip>
10 | #include <cstdlib>
11 | using namespace std;
12 | 
13 | ///Constants and function prototypes
14 | 
15 | int main(int argc, char const *argv[]) {
16 | 
17 |     int count = 0;
18 |     int total = 0;
19 |     int num;
20 |     
21 |     while (count < 3)
22 |     {
23 |         cout << "Enter a number: ";
24 |         cin >> num;
25 |         total += num;
26 |         count++;
27 |     }
28 |     cout << "Total is " << total << endl;
29 |     return 0;
30 | } /// main


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/student-class/Makefile:
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 1 | # Author: Nasseef Abukamail
 2 | 
 3 | # Variables
 4 | CFLAGS = -Wall -std=c++14
 5 | CC = g++
 6 | 
 7 | 
 8 | # Rules
 9 | # first rule is the one executed automatically
10 | a.out: student-main.o student.o #dependencies
11 | 	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) student.o student-main.o
12 | #	g++ -Wall -std=c++14 student.o student-main.o
13 | 	
14 | 
15 | student.o: student.cc student.h
16 | 	$(CC) -c $(CFLAGS) student.cc
17 | 
18 | student-main.o: student-main.cc student.h
19 | 	$(CC) -c $(CFLAGS) student-main.cc
20 | 
21 | # list any file you want deleted with the command
22 | # make clean
23 | clean:
24 | 	rm -rf student.o student-main.o
25 | 	mv a.out student
26 | 	
27 | 
28 | 


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/student-class/student-main.cc:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | /**
 2 |  *   @file: student-class.cc
 3 |  * @author: Nasseef Abukamail
 4 |  *   @date: November 10, 2025
 5 |  *  @brief: Add Description
 6 |  */
 7 | 
 8 | #include <cstdlib>
 9 | #include <fstream>
10 | #include <iomanip>
11 | #include <iostream>
12 | #include "student.h"
13 | 
14 | using namespace std;
15 | 
16 | 
17 | int main(int argc, char const* argv[]) {
18 |     Student s;  // default contstructor is called
19 |     s.output(cout);
20 | 
21 |     s.setName("");
22 |     s.setId(-562);
23 |     s.setScore(55);
24 |     cout << "The first student" << endl;
25 |     s.output(cout);
26 | 
27 |     Student s2(500, "N/A");
28 |     s2.setId(-300);
29 |     s2.output(cout);
30 |     return 0;
31 | }  /// main
32 | 
33 | 


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/sentinel.cc:
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 1 | /**
 2 |  *   @file: sentinel.cc
 3 |  * @author: Nasseef Abukamail
 4 |  *   @date: September 17, 2025
 5 |  *  @brief: Add Description
 6 |  */
 7 | 
 8 | #include <cstdlib>
 9 | #include <iomanip>
10 | #include <iostream>
11 | using namespace std;
12 | 
13 | /// Constants and function prototypes
14 | 
15 | int main(int argc, char const *argv[]) {
16 |     int total = 0;
17 |     int num;
18 |     int count = 0;
19 |     cout << "Enter a number: ";
20 |     cin >> num;
21 |     while (num >= 0) {
22 |         count++;
23 |         total += num;
24 |         cout << "Enter a number: ";
25 |         cin >> num;
26 |     }
27 |     cout << "Total is " << total << endl;
28 |     if (count != 0)
29 |     {
30 |         cout << "Average is " << (total/count) << endl;
31 |     }
32 |     
33 | 
34 |     return 0;
35 | }  /// main


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/files.cc:
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 1 | /**
 2 |  *   @file: files.cc
 3 |  * @author: Nasseef Abukamail
 4 |  *   @date: October 08, 2025
 5 |  *  @brief: Add Description
 6 |  */
 7 | 
 8 | #include <cstdlib>
 9 | #include <iomanip>
10 | #include <iostream>
11 | /// 1
12 | #include <fstream>
13 | 
14 | using namespace std;
15 | 
16 | /// Constants and function prototypes
17 | 
18 | int main(int argc, char const *argv[]) {
19 |     /// 2
20 |     ifstream inStream;
21 |     /// 3
22 |     inStream.open("numbers.txt");
23 |     if (inStream.fail()) {
24 |         cout << "Error: file does not exist" << endl;
25 |         exit(0);
26 |     }
27 |     /// 4 use it
28 |     int num;
29 |     inStream >> num;
30 |     while (!inStream.eof()) {
31 |         cout << "Number is " << num << endl;
32 |         inStream >> num;
33 |     }
34 | 
35 |     /// 5
36 |     inStream.close();
37 |     return 0;
38 | }  /// main


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/input-failure.cc:
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 1 | /**
 2 |  *   @file: sentinel.cc
 3 |  * @author: Nasseef Abukamail
 4 |  *   @date: September 19, 2025
 5 |  *  @brief: Add Description
 6 |  */
 7 | 
 8 | #include <cstdlib>
 9 | #include <iomanip>
10 | #include <iostream>
11 | using namespace std;
12 | 
13 | /// Constants and function prototypes
14 | 
15 | int main(int argc, char const *argv[]) {
16 |     double total;
17 |     int count = 0;
18 |     total = 0;
19 |     double number;
20 |     cout << "Enter a number, q to quit: ";
21 |     cin >> number; //I
22 |     while (!cin.fail()) { //C
23 |         count++;
24 |         total += number;
25 |         //cout << "Enter a number, q to quit: ";
26 |         cin >> number; //U
27 |     }
28 | 
29 |     if (cin.fail())
30 |     {
31 |         cin.clear(); //clear the flag
32 |         cin.ignore(100, '\n');
33 |     }
34 |     
35 |     cout << "Total is " << total << endl;
36 |     cout << "Count is " << count << endl;
37 |     return 0;
38 | }  /// main


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/default-params.cc:
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 1 | /**
 2 |  *   @file: default-params.cc
 3 |  * @author: Nasseef Abukamail
 4 |  *   @date: October 08, 2025
 5 |  *  @brief: Example of default function parameters
 6 |  */
 7 | 
 8 | #include <cstdlib>
 9 | #include <iomanip>
10 | #include <iostream>
11 | using namespace std;
12 | 
13 | /// Constants and function prototypes
14 | /**
15 |  * precOutput: precOutput a value with specified prec
16 |  * @param: value - the value to be displayed
17 |  * @param: prec - precision of the display (0 by default)
18 |  */
19 | void precOutput(double value, int prec = 0);
20 | 
21 | int main(int argc, char const *argv[]) {
22 |     double value = 1234.934567;
23 |     precOutput(value, 3);  // use 3 decimal places 1234.235
24 |     precOutput(value, 5);  // use 5 decimal places 1234.23457
25 |     precOutput(value);     // use 0 (default) decimal place 1235
26 |     return 0;
27 | }  /// main
28 | 
29 | void precOutput(double value, int prec) {
30 |     cout << setprecision(prec) << fixed;
31 |     cout << value << endl;
32 | }
33 | 


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/cube.cc:
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 1 | /**
 2 |  *   @file: cube.cc
 3 |  * @author: Nasseef Abukamail
 4 |  *   @date: September 29, 2025
 5 |  *  @brief: Add Description
 6 |  */
 7 | 
 8 | #include <iostream>
 9 | #include <iomanip>
10 | #include <cstdlib>
11 | using namespace std;
12 | 
13 | ///Constants and function prototypes or function declaration
14 | /**
15 |  * cube: A function to find the cube of an integer
16 |  * @param: value - integer value to be cubed
17 |  * @return: return the cube of value
18 |  */
19 | //int cube(int value); //function declaration/prototype
20 | 
21 | int main(int argc, char const *argv[]) {
22 | 
23 |     int number = 3;
24 |     int numberCubed;
25 |     numberCubed = cube(number);
26 |     cout << "cube is " << numberCubed << endl;
27 |     cout << "cube of 9 is " << cube(9) << endl;
28 |     return 0;
29 | } /// main
30 | 
31 | //function definition
32 | int cube(int value){// function heading, value is a formal parameter
33 |     int result;  //local variable
34 |     result = value * value * value;
35 |     return result;
36 | }
37 | 


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/structures.cc:
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 1 | /**
 2 |  *   @file: structures.cc
 3 |  * @author: Nasseef Abukamail
 4 |  *   @date: November 03, 2025
 5 |  *  @brief: Add Description
 6 |  */
 7 | 
 8 | #include <iostream>
 9 | #include <iomanip>
10 | #include <cstdlib>
11 | using namespace std;
12 | 
13 | struct Student{
14 |     string name;
15 |     int id;
16 |     double score;
17 | };
18 | ///Constants and function prototypes
19 | void printStudent(const Student &theStudent);
20 | 
21 | int main(int argc, char const *argv[]) {
22 |     Student s;
23 |     s.name = "John";
24 |     s.id = 562;
25 |     s.score = 55;
26 |     cout << "The first student" << endl;
27 |     printStudent(s);
28 |     Student s2 = {"Sue", 976, 90.0};
29 |     cout << "The second student" << endl;
30 |     printStudent(s2);
31 | 
32 |     return 0;
33 | } /// main
34 | 
35 | void printStudent(const Student &theStudent){
36 |     cout << " Name: " << theStudent.name << endl;
37 |     cout << "   ID: " << theStudent.id << endl;
38 |     cout << "Score: " << theStudent.score << endl;
39 | }
40 | 


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/char-files.cc:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | 
 2 | /**
 3 |  *   @file: files.cc
 4 |  * @author: Nasseef Abukamail
 5 |  *   @date: October 08, 2025
 6 |  *  @brief: Add Description
 7 |  */
 8 | 
 9 | #include <cstdlib>
10 | #include <iomanip>
11 | #include <iostream>
12 | /// 1
13 | #include <fstream>
14 | 
15 | using namespace std;
16 | 
17 | /// Constants and function prototypes
18 | 
19 | int main(int argc, char const *argv[]) {
20 |     /// 2
21 |     ifstream inStream;
22 |     /// 3
23 |     inStream.open("numbers.txt");
24 |     if (inStream.fail()) {
25 |         cout << "Error: file does not exist" << endl;
26 |         exit(0);
27 |     }
28 |     /// 4 use it
29 |     char ch;
30 |     
31 |     while (inStream.get(ch)) {
32 |         cout << ch;
33 |     }
34 |     cout << endl;
35 |     // string line;
36 |     // getline(inStream, line);
37 | 
38 |     // while (!inStream.eof()) {
39 |     //     cout << line << endl;
40 |     //     getline(inStream, line);
41 |     // }
42 |     // cout << endl;
43 | 
44 |     /// 5
45 |     inStream.close();
46 |     return 0;
47 | }  /// main


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/average.cc:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | /**
 2 |  *   @file: average.cc
 3 |  * @author: Nasseef Abukamail
 4 |  *   @date: September 29, 2025
 5 |  *  @brief: Add Description
 6 |  */
 7 | 
 8 | #include <iostream>
 9 | #include <iomanip>
10 | #include <cstdlib>
11 | using namespace std;
12 | 
13 | ///Constants and function prototypes
14 | /**
15 |  * function documentation
16 |  */
17 | double average(double first, double second);
18 | /**
19 |  * 
20 |  */
21 | double average(double first, double second, double third);
22 | 
23 | int main(int argc, char const *argv[]) {
24 | 
25 |     cout << "Average is " << average(9, 6) << endl;
26 | 
27 |     cout << "Average is " << average(9, 6, 5) << endl;
28 |     
29 |     double avg = average(10, 20);
30 |     cout << "Average is " << avg << endl;
31 |     return 0;
32 | } /// main
33 | 
34 | double average(double first, double second){
35 |     double result = (first + second) / 2.0; //local variable
36 |     return result;
37 | }
38 | double average(double first, double second, double third){
39 |     return (first + second + third) / 3.0;
40 | }
41 | 


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/LICENSE:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | MIT License
 2 | 
 3 | Copyright (c) 2019 Nasseef Abukamail
 4 | 
 5 | Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
 6 | of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
 7 | in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
 8 | to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
 9 | copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
10 | furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
11 | 
12 | The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
13 | copies or substantial portions of the Software.
14 | 
15 | THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
16 | IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
17 | FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
18 | AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
19 | LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
20 | OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
21 | SOFTWARE.
22 | 


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/student-class/student.cc:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | #include <cstdlib>
 2 | #include <fstream>
 3 | #include <iostream>
 4 | #include "student.h"
 5 | 
 6 | 
 7 | using namespace std;
 8 | Student::Student() {
 9 |     id = 0;
10 |     name = "N/A";
11 |     score = -1;
12 | }
13 | 
14 | Student::Student(int newId, string newName) {
15 |     name = newName;
16 |     id = newId;
17 |     score = -1;
18 |     if (newId < 0) {
19 |         id = 0;
20 |     }
21 |     // id = newId < 0 ? 0 : newId;
22 |     if (newName == "") {
23 |         name = "N/A";
24 |     }
25 | }
26 | void Student::output(ostream &out) {
27 |     out << " Name: " << name << endl;
28 |     out << "   ID: " << id << endl;
29 |     out << "Score: " << score << endl;
30 | }
31 | 
32 | string Student::getName() const{ return name; }
33 | int Student::getId() { return id; }
34 | double Student::getScore() { return score; }
35 | 
36 | void Student::setName(string newName) {
37 |     if (newName != "") {
38 |         name = newName;
39 |     }
40 | }
41 | void Student::setId(int newId) {
42 |     if (newId >= 0) {
43 |         id = newId;
44 |     }
45 | }
46 | void Student::setScore(double newScore) {
47 |     if (newScore >= -1) {
48 |         score = newScore;
49 |     }
50 | }


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/wages.cc:
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 1 | /**
 2 |  *   @file: wages.cc
 3 |  * @author: Nasseef Abukamail
 4 |  *   @date: September 05, 2025
 5 |  *  @brief: Add Description
 6 |  */
 7 | 
 8 | #include <iostream>
 9 | #include <iomanip>
10 | #include <cstdlib>
11 | using namespace std;
12 | 
13 | ///Constants and function prototypes
14 | 
15 | int main(int argc, char const *argv[]) {
16 | 
17 |     //1. decalare variables
18 |     double hours, rate, pay;
19 | 
20 |     cout << endl;
21 |     //2. Input hours and rate
22 |     cout << "Enter the rate: ";
23 |     cin >> rate;
24 |     if (rate < 10 || rate > 50)
25 |     {
26 |         cout << "Error: rate is invalid (10-50)" << endl;
27 |         exit(0);
28 |     }
29 |     
30 |     cout << "Enter the hours: ";
31 |     cin >> hours;
32 | 
33 |     if (hours < 0 || hours > 40)
34 |     {
35 |         cout << "Error: hours are invalid (0-40)" << endl;
36 |         exit(0);
37 |     }
38 |     
39 |     //3. calculation
40 |     pay = hours * rate;
41 | 
42 |     //4. output results
43 |     cout << fixed;
44 |     cout << setprecision(2);
45 |     cout << "Number of hours worked: " << hours << " hours" << endl;
46 |     cout << "Your hourly rate: $" << rate << endl;
47 |     cout << "Your weekly wages: $" << pay << endl;
48 | 
49 |     return 0;
50 | } /// main


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/switch.cc:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | /**
 2 |  *   @file: switch.cc
 3 |  * @author: Nasseef Abukamail
 4 |  *   @date: September 15, 2025
 5 |  *  @brief: Add Description
 6 |  */
 7 | 
 8 | #include <cstdlib>
 9 | #include <iomanip>
10 | #include <iostream>
11 | using namespace std;
12 | 
13 | /// Constants and function prototypes
14 | 
15 | int main(int argc, char const *argv[]) {
16 |     int choice;
17 |     do {
18 |         cout << "1. first option" << endl;
19 |         cout << "2. second option" << endl;
20 |         cout << "3. third option" << endl;
21 |         cout << "4. Fourth option" << endl;
22 |         cout << "5. Quit" << endl;
23 | 
24 |         cout << "Enter your choice: ";
25 |         cin >> choice;
26 |         switch (choice) {
27 |             case 1:
28 |                 cout << "You entered 1" << endl;
29 |                 // break;
30 |             case 2:
31 |                 cout << "You entered 2" << endl;
32 |                 break;
33 |             case 3:
34 |                 cout << "You entered 3" << endl;
35 |                 break;
36 |             case 4:
37 |                 cout << "You entered 4" << endl;
38 |                 break;
39 |             default:
40 |                 cout << "Quit: You entered a choice less than 1 or greater than 4" << endl;
41 |                      
42 |         }
43 |     } while (choice != 5);
44 | 
45 |     return 0;
46 | }  /// main


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/string-functions.cc:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | /*
 2 |  * @author: Nasseef Abukamail
 3 |  *   @date: October 27, 2025
 4 |  *  @brief: Example to demonstrate string built-in functions
 5 |  */
 6 | #include <iostream>
 7 | #include <cstdlib>
 8 | #include <iomanip>
 9 | 
10 | 
11 | using namespace std;
12 | 
13 | //function prototypes
14 | 
15 | int main()
16 | {
17 | 	string line1 = "Ohio U. Athens, Ohio";
18 | 	string line2 = " EECS Department";
19 | 	
20 | 	string line3 = line1 + line2;
21 | 	cout << line3 << endl;
22 | 	
23 | 	cout <<"line 1 length: " << line3.length() << endl;
24 | 	int location = line1.find("Ohio");
25 | 
26 | 	//if not found returns string::npos
27 | 	cout << "Ohio is located at position " << location << endl;
28 | 	location = line1.find("Ohio", location + 4);
29 | 	if (location == string::npos){
30 | 		cout << "Ohio not found" << endl;
31 | 	}
32 | 	cout << "The second Ohio is at position " << location << endl;
33 | 	
34 | 
35 | 	//line1 = "Ohio U. Athens, Ohio.";
36 | 	line1.replace(location, 4, "OH");
37 | 	cout << line1 << endl; 
38 | 	line1.erase(location, 2);
39 | 	cout << line1 << endl;
40 | 
41 | 	line1.insert(location, "OHIO");
42 | 	cout << line1 << endl;
43 | 	
44 | 	
45 | 	string line4 = line1.substr(location, 4);
46 | 	cout << line4 << endl;
47 | 
48 | 
49 | 	string s = to_string(981);
50 | 	cout << "The second digit character in 981 is " << s.at(1) << endl;
51 | 
52 | 	string doubleString = "123.567";
53 | 	double value = stod(doubleString);
54 | 	cout << fixed << setprecision(2) << "The double number is " << value << endl;
55 | 	return 0; //or EXIT_SUCCESS
56 | }
57 | 


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/output-files.cc:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | 
 2 | /**
 3 |  *   @file: files.cc
 4 |  * @author: Nasseef Abukamail
 5 |  *   @date: October 08, 2025
 6 |  *  @brief: Add Description
 7 |  */
 8 | 
 9 | #include <cstdlib>
10 | #include <iomanip>
11 | #include <iostream>
12 | /// 1
13 | #include <fstream>
14 | 
15 | using namespace std;
16 | 
17 | /// Constants and function prototypes
18 | void copy(ifstream &inp, ofstream &out);
19 | int main(int argc, char const *argv[]) {
20 | 
21 |     //check that argc is the right value
22 |     if (argc != 3)
23 |     {
24 |         cout << "Error: supply two file names" << endl;
25 |         cout << "Usage: ./a.out file1 file2" << endl;
26 |         exit(0);
27 |     }
28 |     
29 |     /// 2
30 |     ifstream inStream;
31 |     ofstream outStream;
32 |     /// 3
33 |     string inFileName;
34 |     inFileName = argv[1];
35 | 
36 |     inStream.open(inFileName);
37 |     if (inStream.fail()) {
38 |         cout << "Error: file does not exist" << endl;
39 |         exit(0);
40 |     }
41 | 
42 |     string outFileName;
43 |     outFileName = argv[2];
44 |     // cout << "Enter an output file name: ";
45 |     // cin >> outFileName;
46 | 
47 |     outStream.open(outFileName);
48 |     if (outStream.fail())
49 |     {
50 |         cout << "Error: creating output file" << endl;
51 |         exit(0);
52 |     }
53 |     
54 |     /// 4 use it
55 |     copy(inStream, outStream);
56 |  
57 |     
58 |     /// 5
59 |     inStream.close();
60 |     outStream.close();
61 |     return 0;
62 | }  /// main
63 | 
64 | void copy(ifstream &inp, ofstream &out){
65 |     char ch;
66 |     
67 |     while (inp.get(ch)) {
68 |         out << ch;
69 |     }
70 | }
71 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/arrays.cc:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | /**
 2 |  *   @file: arrays.cc
 3 |  * @author: Nasseef Abukamail
 4 |  *   @date: October 17, 2025
 5 |  *  @brief: Add Description
 6 |  */
 7 | 
 8 | #include <iostream>
 9 | #include <iomanip>
10 | #include <cstdlib>
11 | using namespace std;
12 | 
13 | ///Constants and function prototypes
14 | int indexOfSmallest(const int data[], int start, int count);
15 | 
16 | ///Selection sort
17 | void sort(int data[], int count);
18 | void printArray(const int data[], int count);
19 | 
20 | int main(int argc, char const *argv[]) {
21 | 
22 |     int numbers[20] = {20, 15, 60, 7, 55, 40, 30, 25, 80, 45, 17};
23 |     int count = 11;
24 |     for (size_t i = 0; i < count; i++)
25 |     {
26 |         cin >> numbers[i];
27 |     }
28 |     
29 |     //int index = indexOfSmallest(numbers, 0, count);
30 |     printArray(numbers, count);
31 |     sort(numbers, count);
32 |     printArray(numbers, count);
33 | 
34 | 
35 |     return 0;
36 | } /// main
37 | 
38 | int indexOfSmallest(const int data[], int start, int count){
39 |     int smallest = data[start];
40 |     int index = start;
41 |     for (int i = start + 1; i < count; i++)
42 |     {
43 |         if (data[i] < smallest)
44 |         {
45 |             smallest = data[i];
46 |             index = i;
47 |         }
48 |         
49 |     }
50 |     return index;
51 | }
52 | 
53 | void sort(int data[], int count){
54 |     for (size_t i = 0; i < count - 1; i++)
55 |     {
56 |         int index = indexOfSmallest(data, i, count);
57 |         swap(data[i], data[index]);
58 |     }
59 | }
60 | 
61 | void printArray(const int data[], int count){
62 |     for (size_t i = 0; i < count; i++)
63 |     {
64 |         cout << data[i] << " ";
65 |     }
66 |     cout << endl;
67 | }
68 | 
69 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/formatting.cc:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | /*
 2 |  *   File Name: formatting.cc
 3 |  *      Author: Nasseef Abukamail
 4 |  *        Date: September 12, 2025
 5 |  * Description: Example program to demonstrate different formatting options in C++.
 6 |  *
 7 |  */
 8 | 
 9 | #include <cstdlib>
10 | #include <iomanip>
11 | #include <iostream>
12 | using namespace std;
13 | 
14 | int main() {
15 |     double largeNumber = 12345356789.12355678;
16 |     cout << "Default display (6 digits, scientific)>" << largeNumber << "<" << endl;
17 |      
18 |     // Use only two digits in Scientific notation
19 |     cout << setprecision(3);
20 |     cout << "Scientific, precision of 3 >" << largeNumber << "<" << endl;
21 |     
22 |     // When using fixed, use two digits after the decimal point
23 |     cout << fixed;
24 |     cout << "Fixed, precision of 3 >" << largeNumber << "<" << endl << endl;
25 | 
26 |     // using setw right justification (default)
27 |     int intNum = 1234;
28 |     double smallNumber = 3.14159;
29 |     cout << "setw(10) right justification(default) >" 
30 |          << setw(10) << intNum
31 |          << setw(10) << smallNumber << "<" << endl;
32 |      
33 |      
34 |     ///left justification
35 |     cout << left;
36 |     cout << "          setw(10) left justification >"   
37 |          << setw(10) << intNum << setw(10)
38 |          << smallNumber << "<" << endl << endl;
39 |       
40 | 
41 |     ///changing the fill character for setw
42 |     cout << setfill('*');
43 |     cout << "setw(10) left justification with '*' fill character >" 
44 |          << setw(10) << intNum << setw(10)
45 |          << smallNumber << "<" << endl << endl;
46 |     
47 |     
48 |     cout << setprecision(2);
49 |     cout << "Your salary is $" << largeNumber << endl;
50 |     return 0;
51 | }
52 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/student-struct.cc:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | /**
 2 |  *   @file: structures.cc
 3 |  * @author: Nasseef Abukamail
 4 |  *   @date: November 03, 2025
 5 |  *  @brief: Add Description
 6 |  */
 7 | 
 8 | #include <iostream>
 9 | #include <iomanip>
10 | #include <cstdlib>
11 | #include <fstream>
12 | 
13 | using namespace std;
14 | 
15 | struct Student{
16 |     string name;
17 |     int id;
18 |     double score;
19 | };
20 | ///Constants and function prototypes
21 | void printStudent(const Student &theStudent);
22 | void printAllStudents(const vector<Student> &allStudents);
23 | 
24 | int main(int argc, char const *argv[]) {
25 |     Student s;
26 |     s.name = "John";
27 |     s.id = 562;
28 |     s.score = 55;
29 |     cout << "The first student" << endl;
30 |     printStudent(s);
31 |     
32 |     Student s2 = {"Sue", 976, 90.0};
33 |     cout << "The second student" << endl;
34 |     printStudent(s2);
35 | 
36 |     cout << "Printing all Students" << endl;
37 |     vector <Student> allStudents;
38 |     ifstream ins;
39 |     ins.open("students.txt");
40 |     if (ins.fail())
41 |     {
42 |         cout << "File does not exist" << endl;
43 |         exit(0);
44 |     }
45 |     
46 |     //read student data into the vector allStudents
47 |     //importStudents(allStudents, ins);
48 |     ins.close();
49 | 
50 |     printAllStudents(allStudents);
51 |     return 0;
52 | } /// main
53 | 
54 | void printStudent(const Student &theStudent){
55 |     cout << " Name: " << theStudent.name << endl;
56 |     cout << "   ID: " << theStudent.id << endl;
57 |     cout << "Score: " << theStudent.score << endl;
58 | }
59 | 
60 | void printAllStudents(const vector<Student> &allStudents){
61 |     for (size_t i = 0; i < allStudents.size(); i++)
62 |     {
63 |         printStudent(allStudents.at(i));
64 |     }
65 |     // for(Student s : allStudents){
66 |     //     printStudent(s);
67 |     // }
68 | }
69 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/vectors.cc:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | /**
 2 |  *   @file: vectors.cc
 3 |  * @author: Nasseef Abukamail
 4 |  *   @date: October 24, 2025
 5 |  *  @brief: Add Description
 6 |  */
 7 | 
 8 | #include <iostream>
 9 | #include <iomanip>
10 | #include <cstdlib>
11 | #include <vector>
12 | 
13 | using namespace std;
14 | 
15 | ///Constants and function prototypes
16 | void printNumbers(vector<int> numbers);
17 | 
18 | vector<int> updateByOne(vector<int> &numbers);
19 | 
20 | int main(int argc, char const *argv[]) {
21 |     vector<int> numbers;
22 |     cout << numbers.empty() << endl;
23 |     numbers.push_back(4);
24 |     cout << numbers.empty() << endl;
25 | 
26 |     numbers.push_back(5);
27 |     numbers.push_back(2);
28 |     numbers.push_back(9);
29 |     numbers.push_back(33);
30 |     numbers.push_back(44);
31 |     cout << "Vector Size = " << numbers.size() << endl;
32 |     cout << "First element: " << numbers.front() << endl;
33 |     cout << "Last element: " << numbers.back() << endl;
34 | 
35 | 
36 |     numbers.pop_back();
37 |     
38 |     printNumbers(numbers);
39 | 
40 |     
41 |     numbers.erase(numbers.begin() + 1);
42 | 
43 |     printNumbers(numbers);
44 | 
45 |     vector<int> updatedNumbers = updateByOne(numbers);
46 |     
47 |     printNumbers(updatedNumbers);
48 |     
49 |     updatedNumbers.insert(updatedNumbers.begin(), 99);
50 |     
51 |     printNumbers(updatedNumbers);
52 | 
53 |     vector<string> names = {"Susan", "Jim", "John", "Kate"};
54 |     int lastIndex = names.at(0).length() - 1;
55 | 
56 |     cout << names.at(0).at(lastIndex) << endl;
57 |     return 0;
58 | } /// main
59 | 
60 | void printNumbers(vector<int> numbers){
61 |     // for (size_t i = 0; i < numbers.size(); i++)
62 |     // {
63 |     //     cout << numbers.at(i) << " ";
64 |     // }
65 |     for(int value : numbers){
66 |         cout << value << " ";
67 |     }
68 |     cout << endl;
69 | }
70 | vector<int> updateByOne(vector<int> &numbers){
71 |     for (size_t i = 0; i < numbers.size(); i++)
72 |     {
73 |         numbers.at(i)++;
74 |     }
75 |     return numbers;
76 | }
77 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/colors.h:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | /*
 2 |  *        File: colors.h
 3 |  *      Author: Nasseef Abukamail
 4 |  *        Date: July 04, 2019
 5 |  * Description: Defines colors to be used in C++. Examples are provided 
 6 |  *              in the comments below. Add this file in the same directory as your project.
 7 |  *              To use: #include "colors.h"
 8 |  */
 9 | #ifndef COLORS_H
10 | #define COLORS_H
11 | 
12 | /* Colors
13 |  * Example: Change the color to RED and reset it when done.
14 |  *          cout << RED << 5 << 5.6 << someVar << "text" << RST;
15 |  */
16 | #define RST  "\33[0m"         
17 | #define RED  "\33[31m"         
18 | #define GRN  "\33[32m"
19 | #define YEL  "\33[33m"
20 | #define BLU  "\33[34m"
21 | #define MAG  "\33[35m"
22 | #define CYN  "\33[36m"
23 | #define WHT  "\33[37m"
24 | 
25 | /*
26 |  * Forground colors
27 |  * change the forground color. For example to change the color to red:
28 |  *      cout << FRED("Some text");
29 |  */
30 | #define FRED(text) RED text RST       //
31 | #define FGRN(text) GRN text RST
32 | #define FYEL(text) YEL text RST
33 | #define FBLU(text) BLU text RST
34 | #define FMAG(text) MAG text RST
35 | #define FCYN(text) CYN text RST
36 | #define FWHT(text) WHT text RST
37 | 
38 | 
39 | /* 
40 |  * background colors 
41 |  * Change the background color of the text.
42 |  * Example 1: Change the background color to red
43 |  *              cout << BRED("Some text");
44 |  * 
45 |  * Example 2: Change the forground to yellow and background to green
46 |  *              cout << BGRN(FYEL("Some text"));
47 |  */
48 | #define BBLK(text) "\33[40m" text RST
49 | #define BRED(text) "\33[41m" text RST
50 | #define BGRN(text) "\33[42m" text RST
51 | #define BYEL(text) "\33[43m" text RST
52 | #define BBLU(text) "\33[44m" text RST
53 | #define BMAG(text) "\33[45m" text RST
54 | #define BCYN(text) "\33[46m" text RST
55 | #define BWHT(text) "\33[47m" text RST
56 | 
57 | 
58 | /*
59 |  * Bold, underline, and inv
60 |  * Example: 
61 |  *      cout << INV("some text");
62 |  *      cout << UND("some text");
63 |  *      cout << INV("some text");
64 |  */
65 | #define BLD(text) "\33[1m" text RST
66 | #define UND(text) "\33[4m" text RST
67 | #define INV(text) "\33[7m" text RST
68 | 
69 | 
70 | #endif  /* COLORS_H */


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/rectangle-project/rectangle-main.cc:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  1 | /**
  2 |  *   @file: rectangle-main.cc
  3 |  * @author: Nasseef Abukamail
  4 |  *   @date: November 24, 2025
  5 |  *  @brief: Add Description
  6 |  */
  7 | 
  8 | #include <cstdlib>
  9 | #include <iomanip>
 10 | #include <iostream>
 11 | #include <fstream>
 12 | 
 13 | using namespace std;
 14 | 
 15 | class Rectangle {
 16 | public:
 17 |     Rectangle();
 18 |     Rectangle(double newLength, double newWidth);
 19 | 
 20 |     //getters
 21 |     double getLength() const;
 22 |     double getWidth() const;
 23 | 
 24 |     //setters
 25 |     void setLength(double newLength);
 26 |     void setWidth(double newWidth);
 27 | 
 28 |     //helper functions
 29 |     void output();
 30 |     double area();
 31 |     double perimeter();
 32 |     bool isSquare();
 33 |     
 34 |     friend bool operator ==(Rectangle r1, Rectangle r2);
 35 |     
 36 |             
 37 | private:
 38 |     double length;
 39 |     double width;
 40 | };
 41 | 
 42 | 
 43 | 
 44 | int main(int argc, char const *argv[]) { 
 45 |     Rectangle r1(20, 10);
 46 |     
 47 |     r1.output();
 48 |     cout << endl;
 49 |     Rectangle r2(20, 10);
 50 |     
 51 |     r2.output();
 52 |     cout << endl;
 53 | 
 54 |     if (r1 == r2)
 55 |     {
 56 |         cout << "Equal" << endl;
 57 |     }
 58 |     else {
 59 |         cout << "Not Equal" << endl;
 60 |     }
 61 |     
 62 |     return 0; 
 63 | }  /// main
 64 | 
 65 | Rectangle::Rectangle(){
 66 |     length = 0;
 67 |     width = 0;
 68 | }
 69 | Rectangle::Rectangle(double newLength, double newWidth){
 70 |     length = 0;
 71 |     width = 0;
 72 |     if (newLength > 0 && newWidth > 0)
 73 |     {
 74 |         length = newLength;
 75 |         width = newWidth;
 76 |     }
 77 |     
 78 | }
 79 | 
 80 | double Rectangle::getLength() const{
 81 |     return length;
 82 | }
 83 | double Rectangle::getWidth() const{        
 84 |     return width;
 85 | }
 86 | 
 87 | void Rectangle::output(){
 88 |     cout << "(" << length << "x" << width << ")";
 89 | }
 90 | 
 91 | bool operator ==(Rectangle r1, Rectangle r2){
 92 |     if (r1.length == r2.length && 
 93 |         r1.width == r2.width)
 94 |     {
 95 |         return true;
 96 |     }
 97 |     return false;
 98 | }
 99 | 
100 | 
101 | 
102 | 
103 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/student-class.cc:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | /**
 2 |  *   @file: student-class.cc
 3 |  * @author: Nasseef Abukamail
 4 |  *   @date: November 10, 2025
 5 |  *  @brief: Add Description
 6 |  */
 7 | 
 8 | #include <cstdlib>
 9 | #include <fstream>
10 | #include <iomanip>
11 | #include <iostream>
12 | 
13 | using namespace std;
14 | 
15 | class Student {
16 |    public:
17 |     Student();  // Default contstuctor
18 |     Student(int newId, string newName);
19 |     string getName();
20 |     int getId();
21 |     double getScore();
22 | 
23 |     /**
24 |      *
25 |      */
26 |     void setName(string newName);
27 |     void setId(int newId);
28 |     void setScore(double newScore);
29 | 
30 |     void output();
31 | 
32 |    private:
33 |     string name;
34 |     int id;
35 |     double score;
36 | };
37 | /// Constants and function prototypes
38 | void printStudent(const Student& theStudent);
39 | 
40 | int main(int argc, char const* argv[]) {
41 |     Student s;  // default contstructor is called
42 |     s.output();
43 | 
44 |     s.setName("");
45 |     s.setId(-562);
46 |     s.setScore(55);
47 |     cout << "The first student" << endl;
48 |     s.output();
49 | 
50 |     Student s2(500, "N/A");
51 |     s2.setId(-300);
52 |     s2.output();
53 |     return 0;
54 | }  /// main
55 | 
56 | Student::Student() {
57 |     id = 0;
58 |     name = "N/A";
59 |     score = -1;
60 | }
61 | 
62 | Student::Student(int newId, string newName) {
63 |     name = newName;
64 |     id = newId;
65 |     score = -1;
66 |     if (newId < 0) {
67 |         id = 0;
68 |     }
69 |     // id = newId < 0 ? 0 : newId;
70 |     if (newName == "") {
71 |         name = "N/A";
72 |     }
73 | }
74 | void Student::output() {
75 |     cout << " Name: " << name << endl;
76 |     cout << "   ID: " << id << endl;
77 |     cout << "Score: " << score << endl;
78 | }
79 | 
80 | string Student::getName() { return name; }
81 | int Student::getId() { return id; }
82 | double Student::getScore() { return score; }
83 | 
84 | void Student::setName(string newName) {
85 |     if (newName != "") {
86 |         name = newName;
87 |     }
88 | }
89 | void Student::setId(int newId) {
90 |     if (newId >= 0) {
91 |         id = newId;
92 |     }
93 | }
94 | void Student::setScore(double newScore) {
95 |     if (newScore >= -1) {
96 |         score = newScore;
97 |     }
98 | }
99 | 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------