├── .gitignore
├── LICENSE
├── README.rst
├── captchaMiddleware
├── __init__.py
├── middleware.py
├── solver.py
└── tests
│ ├── Captcha_eotjcochkq.jpg
│ ├── testImage.py
│ ├── testPage.html
│ └── testParser.py
├── requirements.txt
└── setup.py
/.gitignore:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | .eggs/
2 | *.egg-info/
3 | build/
4 | dist/
5 | *.pyc
6 | env/
7 | .idea/
8 |
9 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/LICENSE:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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/README.rst:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | .. image:: https://media.giphy.com/media/S0hxMGYFhEMzm/giphy.gif
2 | :alt: I must be a robot then
3 |
4 | captchaMiddleware
5 | =====================
6 |
7 | Checks for a CAPTCHA test and tries solving it. This is open-source so as to prevent slaves from
8 | being forced to solve CAPTCHA tests.
9 |
10 | Installation
11 | ------------
12 | Note that this program relies on `Tesseract v4
13 | `_, which is available on Ubuntu 18.04.
14 |
15 | Install Tesseract and the language file
16 |
17 | ::
18 |
19 | sudo apt-get install tesseract-ocr
20 | sudo mkdir /usr/local/share/tessdata
21 | wget https://github.com/tesseract-ocr/tessdata/raw/4.00/eng.traineddata
22 | sudo mv eng.traineddata /usr/local/share/tessdata
23 | sudo chmod a+w /usr/local/share/tessdata/eng.traineddata
24 | export TESSDATA_PREFIX=/usr/local/share/tessdata
25 | which tesseract
26 |
27 | Make sure to include the `TESSDATA_PREFIX` in your bash profile.
28 |
29 | Install Pillow in Python to substitute for PIL
30 |
31 | ::
32 |
33 | pip install pillow
34 |
35 | Install captchaMiddleware
36 |
37 | ::
38 |
39 | python setup.py test
40 | python setup.py install
41 |
42 | If the tests fail, test your tesseract installation:
43 |
44 | ::
45 |
46 | tesseract "unknown letter 0.jpg" prediction --psm 10 --oem 0
47 |
48 |
49 | Configuration
50 | -------------
51 |
52 | Include this in the Downloader Middleware
53 |
54 | ::
55 |
56 | DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
57 | …
58 | 'captchaMiddleware.middleware.CaptchaMiddleware':500
59 | }
60 |
61 |
62 |
63 | In your spider, set a meta key to prevent trying the tests too many times:
64 | ::
65 |
66 | from captchaMiddleware.middleware import RETRY_KEY
67 | …
68 | def start_requests(self):
69 | …
70 | for url in urls:
71 | yield scrapy.Request(url=url, callback=self.parse,
72 | errback=self.errorHandler, meta={RETRY_KEY:0})
73 |
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/captchaMiddleware/__init__.py:
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https://raw.githubusercontent.com/owen9825/captcha-middleware/7100370825e516dd6d06be9da2359e5b7dae3aab/captchaMiddleware/__init__.py
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/captchaMiddleware/middleware.py:
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1 | # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
2 |
3 | import logging
4 | import locale
5 | from scrapy.http import FormRequest
6 | from scrapy.exceptions import IgnoreRequest
7 | from captchaMiddleware.solver import solveCaptcha
8 | from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
9 |
10 | logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
11 |
12 | KEYWORDS = {"en": ["characters", "type"]}
13 | RETRY_KEY = 'captcha_retries'
14 |
15 |
16 | class CaptchaMiddleware(object):
17 | """Checks a page for a CAPTCHA test and, if present, submits a solution for it"""
18 | MAX_CAPTCHA_ATTEMPTS = 3
19 |
20 | def containsCaptchaKeywords(self, text):
21 | # Check that the form mentions something about CAPTCHA
22 | language, encoding = locale.getlocale(category=locale.LC_MESSAGES)
23 | if language is None:
24 | language = KEYWORDS.keys()[0]; # Must be American
25 | if language[0:2] in KEYWORDS.keys():
26 | for keyword in KEYWORDS[language[0:2]]:
27 | if keyword in text.lower():
28 | return True
29 | return False
30 | else:
31 | logger.warning("CAPTCHA keywords have not been set for this locale.")
32 | return None
33 |
34 | def findCaptchaUrl(self, page):
35 | soup = BeautifulSoup(page, 'lxml')
36 | images = soup.find_all("img")
37 | forms = soup.find_all("form")
38 | if len(forms) != 1 or len(images) == 0:
39 | # Assert that a CAPTCHA page only has one form: the CAPTCHA form
40 | # Assert that the CAPTCHA image is tagged as
41 | return None
42 | if not self.containsCaptchaKeywords(forms[0].text):
43 | return None
44 | possibleImages = []
45 | for image in images:
46 | if image in forms[0].descendants:
47 | possibleImages.append(image)
48 | if len(possibleImages) > 1:
49 | # todo: use NLP on the URLs or something. Amazon writes "Captcha" there
50 | logger.error("To do: resolve ambiguity when multiple images appear \
51 | in the CAPTCHA form. Maybe this wasn't a CAPTCHA form.")
52 | return None
53 | elif len(possibleImages) == 0:
54 | logger.warning("Unable to find an image in the CAPTCHA form. Maybe \
55 | this wasn't a CAPTCHA form.")
56 | return None
57 | # Now grab the URL from the only possible img
58 | imgUrl = possibleImages[0]["src"]
59 | return imgUrl
60 |
61 | def findCaptchaField(self, page):
62 | soup = BeautifulSoup(page, 'lxml')
63 | forms = soup.find_all("form")
64 | if len(forms) != 1:
65 | logger.debug("Unable to find a form on this page.")
66 | return None
67 | formFields = forms[0].find_all("input")
68 | possibleFields = list(filter(lambda field: field["type"] != "hidden", formFields))
69 | if len(possibleFields) > 1:
70 | logger.error("Ambiguity when finding form field for CAPTCHA.")
71 | # Maybe we could use NLP to decide
72 | return None
73 | elif len(possibleFields) == 0:
74 | logger.error("Unable to find CAPTCHA form field.")
75 | return None
76 | else:
77 | return possibleFields[0]["name"]
78 |
79 | def process_response(self, request, response, spider):
80 | captchaUrl = self.findCaptchaUrl(response.text)
81 | if captchaUrl is None:
82 | return response; # No CAPTCHA is present
83 | elif request.meta.get(RETRY_KEY, self.MAX_CAPTCHA_ATTEMPTS) == self.MAX_CAPTCHA_ATTEMPTS:
84 | logger.warning("Too many CAPTCHA attempts; surrendering.")
85 | raise IgnoreRequest
86 | captchaSolution = solveCaptcha(imgUrl=captchaUrl, brazen=True)
87 | if captchaSolution is None:
88 | logger.error("CAPTCHA page detected, but no solution was proposed.")
89 | raise IgnoreRequest
90 | # Return a request to submit the captcha
91 | logger.info("Submitting solution %s for CAPTCHA at %s", captchaSolution, captchaUrl)
92 | formRequest = FormRequest.from_response(
93 | response, formnumber=0, formdata={self.findCaptchaField(response.text):captchaSolution})
94 | formRequest.meta[RETRY_KEY] = request.meta.get('captcha_retries', 0) + 1
95 | return formRequest
96 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/captchaMiddleware/solver.py:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
2 |
3 | from PIL import Image, ImageFilter
4 | from pytesseract import image_to_string
5 | try:
6 | from urllib.request import urlopen
7 | except ImportError:
8 | from urllib2 import urlopen
9 | import numpy as np
10 | import scipy.misc
11 | from string import ascii_uppercase
12 | import random
13 | import logging
14 | import cv2
15 | import imutils
16 |
17 | VOCABULARY = list(filter(lambda letter: letter != "O", ascii_uppercase))
18 |
19 | UNSHARP_FILTER = ImageFilter.UnsharpMask(radius=3, threshold=1)
20 | CAPTCHA_LENGTH = 6
21 | THRESHOLD = 255 - 30
22 |
23 |
24 | logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
25 |
26 |
27 | def isPossible(captchaSolution):
28 | """Amazon always uses 6 uppercase Latin letters with no accents"""
29 | if len(captchaSolution) == CAPTCHA_LENGTH:
30 | for letter in captchaSolution:
31 | if letter not in VOCABULARY:
32 | return False
33 | return True
34 | return False
35 |
36 |
37 | def adjustSuggestion(input):
38 | input = input.upper()
39 | if len(input) > CAPTCHA_LENGTH:
40 | # All letters will be filtered for eligibility later. For now though, preserve as much as
41 | # possible
42 | input = filter(lambda letter: letter in VOCABULARY, input)
43 | while len(input) > CAPTCHA_LENGTH:
44 | cutLocation = random.randint(0, len(input)-1)
45 | input = input[0:cutLocation] + input[cutLocation+1:]
46 | while len(input) < CAPTCHA_LENGTH:
47 | # Throw in extra, random characters
48 | insLocation = random.randint(0, len(input))
49 | input = input[0:insLocation] + random.choice(VOCABULARY) + input[insLocation:]
50 | result = ""
51 | # Filter letters for eligibility
52 | for letter in input:
53 | if letter in VOCABULARY:
54 | result += letter
55 | else:
56 | result += random.choice(VOCABULARY)
57 | return result
58 |
59 |
60 | def adjustAngle(angle):
61 | """Adjust an angle to something more reasonable"""
62 | if angle < 0:
63 | if abs(angle+90) < abs(angle):
64 | # rotated too far
65 | return angle + 90;
66 | else:
67 | return angle;
68 | else:
69 | if abs(angle-90) < angle:
70 | # rotated too far
71 | return angle - 90;
72 | else:
73 | return angle;
74 |
75 |
76 | def solveCaptcha(imgUrl, brazen=False):
77 | result = applyOcr(imgUrl);
78 | if isPossible(result):
79 | return result;
80 | elif brazen:
81 | # Guess something
82 | result = adjustSuggestion(result);
83 | logger.debug("CAPTCHA was adjusted to %s", result);
84 | return result;
85 | else:
86 | return None;
87 |
88 |
89 | def applyOcr(imgUrl):
90 | """
91 | Open an image and read its letters.
92 | :param imgUrl: The URL for a CAPTCHA image.
93 | :return: The string in the imgae.
94 | """
95 | response = urlopen("file://" + imgUrl)
96 | img = np.asarray(bytearray(response.read()), dtype="uint8")
97 | gray_img = cv2.imdecode(img, cv2.IMREAD_GRAYSCALE)
98 | # if it's black on white:
99 | gray_img = 255 - gray_img
100 | _, mask = cv2.threshold(gray_img, THRESHOLD, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY)
101 | mask, contours, hierarchy = cv2.findContours(mask, cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
102 | letters = {} # x coordinate ↦ predicted letter
103 | for c, contour in enumerate(contours):
104 | rect = cv2.minAreaRect(contour) # Find a rotated bounding box
105 | # rect is a tuple: ((corner 1, corner2), angle)
106 | angle = adjustAngle(rect[-1])
107 | # Draw this contour
108 | letter_mask = np.zeros(mask.shape, dtype="uint8")
109 | letter_mask = cv2.drawContours(letter_mask, [contour], contourIdx=0, color=255,
110 | thickness=-1)
111 | segmented_img = cv2.bitwise_and(gray_img, gray_img, mask=letter_mask) # Applying mask
112 | dark_spun = imutils.rotate_bound(segmented_img, -angle)
113 | """
114 | We could crop the letter, but Tesseract doesn't seem to like such tight margins.
115 | brightPixels = cv2.findNonZero(dark_spun)
116 | x, y, width, height = cv2.boundingRect(brightPixels)
117 | cropped = darkSpun[y:y+height, x:x+width]
118 | """
119 | colored = cv2.cvtColor(dark_spun, cv2.COLOR_GRAY2RGB)
120 | colored = 255 - colored
121 | pil_image = Image.fromarray(colored)
122 | char_result = image_to_string(pil_image, config="--psm 10 --oem 0")
123 | if char_result is not None and len(char_result) > 0:
124 | moments = cv2.moments(contour)
125 | xCentre = int(moments["m10"]/moments["m00"])
126 | while xCentre in letters:
127 | xCentre += 1 # Avoid key clash
128 | letters[xCentre] = char_result.upper()
129 | if logger.getEffectiveLevel() <= logging.DEBUG:
130 | scipy.misc.imsave(char_result + ".jpg", pil_image)
131 | else:
132 | logger.debug("No result for character %d", c)
133 | if logger.getEffectiveLevel() <= logging.DEBUG:
134 | scipy.misc.imsave("unknown letter {c}.jpg".format(c=c), pil_image)
135 | # Adjust letters based on X axis
136 | word_solution = ""
137 | for xCentre in sorted(letters.keys()):
138 | word_solution += letters[xCentre]
139 | logger.debug("OCR saw %s", word_solution)
140 | return word_solution
141 |
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/captchaMiddleware/tests/Captcha_eotjcochkq.jpg:
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https://raw.githubusercontent.com/owen9825/captcha-middleware/7100370825e516dd6d06be9da2359e5b7dae3aab/captchaMiddleware/tests/Captcha_eotjcochkq.jpg
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/captchaMiddleware/tests/testImage.py:
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1 | # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
2 |
3 | from captchaMiddleware.solver import *
4 | from unittest import TestCase
5 | import os
6 | import logging
7 |
8 | TEST_PAGE = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'testPage.html')
9 | TEST_IMAGE = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "Captcha_eotjcochkq.jpg")
10 | logger = logging.getLogger()
11 | logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)
12 |
13 |
14 | class ImageTest(TestCase):
15 |
16 | def test_Adjustment(self):
17 | suggestion = "ABCDE"
18 | adjusted = adjustSuggestion(suggestion)
19 | self.assertTrue(len(adjusted) > len(suggestion))
20 | self.assertTrue(len(adjusted) == CAPTCHA_LENGTH)
21 | return
22 |
23 | def test_ImageSolving(self):
24 | logging.info("Opening test image from %s", TEST_IMAGE)
25 | solution = applyOcr(TEST_IMAGE)
26 | self.assertTrue(solution == "TAFPLH")
27 | return
28 |
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/captchaMiddleware/tests/testPage.html:
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