├── LICENSE
├── README.md
├── bexch.send-cat.incr.min.sh
└── bexch.send-cat.incr.sh
/LICENSE:
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584 | Later license versions may give you additional or different
585 | permissions. However, no additional obligations are imposed on any
586 | author or copyright holder as a result of your choosing to follow a
587 | later version.
588 |
589 | 15. Disclaimer of Warranty.
590 |
591 | THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY
592 | APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT
593 | HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY
594 | OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
595 | THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
596 | PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM
597 | IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF
598 | ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
599 |
600 | 16. Limitation of Liability.
601 |
602 | IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
603 | WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES AND/OR CONVEYS
604 | THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY
605 | GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE
606 | USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF
607 | DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD
608 | PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS),
609 | EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
610 | SUCH DAMAGES.
611 |
612 | 17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16.
613 |
614 | If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided
615 | above cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms,
616 | reviewing courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates
617 | an absolute waiver of all civil liability in connection with the
618 | Program, unless a warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a
619 | copy of the Program in return for a fee.
620 |
621 | END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
622 |
623 | How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
624 |
625 | If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
626 | possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
627 | free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
628 |
629 | To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest
630 | to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
631 | state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
632 | the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
633 |
634 | {one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.}
635 | Copyright (C) {year} {name of author}
636 |
637 | This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
638 | it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
639 | the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
640 | (at your option) any later version.
641 |
642 | This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
643 | but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
644 | MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
645 | GNU General Public License for more details.
646 |
647 | You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
648 | along with this program. If not, see .
649 |
650 | Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
651 |
652 | If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short
653 | notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:
654 |
655 | {project} Copyright (C) {year} {fullname}
656 | This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
657 | This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
658 | under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
659 |
660 | The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
661 | parts of the General Public License. Of course, your program's commands
662 | might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an "about box".
663 |
664 | You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school,
665 | if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary.
666 | For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see
667 | .
668 |
669 | The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program
670 | into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you
671 | may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with
672 | the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General
673 | Public License instead of this License. But first, please read
674 | .
675 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/README.md:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | # bitrexchange
2 | Scripts of the Standard exchange 1C and Bitrix on CommerceML Standard
3 |
4 | Когда говорят о преимуществах 1С-Битрикс, в первых словах упоминают о лёгкой интеграции системы с 1С. Взаимодействие Битрикс с 1С осуществляется посредством передачи данных в формате CommerceML, который определяет формат XML файлов. В дополнение к этому Битрикс предлагает и стандарт обмена этими XML файлами между 1С и сайтом. Обмен состоит в отсылке из 1С обычных HTTP GET и POST запросов на сайт и получения от сайта простых ответов, определяющих результат выполнения команды.
5 |
6 | Обычно декларируется, что в составе 1С существует некий "стандартный обмен с сайтом", который должен работать сразу после его включения. На практике, реализация обмена оказывается не такой тривиальной задачей, как это представляется вначале. Есть жалобы на то, что модуль обмена с сайтом 1С непомерно загружает систему и требует доработок под конкретные нужды. То есть, по факту, обмен вроде бы и есть, но чтобы заставить его работать так, как нужно, необходимо приложить усилия.
7 |
8 | Есть ещё несколько причин, чтобы дополнить стандартный обмен некоторыми доработками.
9 | - Во-первых, источником данных для сайта не всегда может быть 1С. Это может быть какая-то другая информационная база или база другого сайта.
10 | - Кроме этого, может возникнуть ситуация, когда данные из 1С нужно дополнить другими данными или как-то изменить их.
11 | - Не всегда есть свободные программисты 1С, которые могут заняться доработками стандартной выгрузки или устранением неполадок в ней.
12 |
13 |
14 | Вносить изменения в загрузку данных на стороне Битрикс не имеет смысла, она выполняет свою функцию. С другой стороны, брать данные напрямую из базы 1С тоже не самое лучшее решение, по причине сложности базы и вопроса безопасности. Зачастую узкое место получается именно на этапе обмена запросами между 1С и сайтом, поэтому, оптимальная схема работы может быть следующей: стандартная выгрузка 1С формирует файлы XML и на этом заканчивает свою работу. Такая настройка имеется в модуле обмена.
15 | Затем мы берём получившиеся файлы, изменяем их, если нужно, и вместо 1С отсылаем на сайт. Таким образом, мы получаем полный контроль над процессом обмена, знаем, на каком этапе происходит сбой - если он происходит, можем вести лог загрузок, архив XML файлов, составлять своё собственное расписание, и во многом абстрагироваться от 1С в плане обмена.
16 |
17 | Реализации протокола обмена уже существуют, но все они использует непомерно сложный инструментарий, наводящий на мысли о неполном понимании принципа, состоящего в отсылке простых HTTP запросов, ничем не отличающихся от запросов на просмотр любых интернет-сайтов. Целью написания данных скриптов являются:
18 | - получение простого инструмента
19 | - с понятным алгоритмом работы, который можно портировать под любые языки программирования
20 | - который из-за своей простоты можно легко изменить под свои нужды
21 | - популяризация простых средств разработки, показ их возможностей
22 | - показ принципов работы HTTP протокола
23 |
24 | Скрипты написаны на BASH и предполагаются к работе на внутреннем сервере компании, который обычно всегда имеется у веб-разработчика и находится во внутренней сети компании. Семейство скриптов bitrexhange реализуют обмены товарами, остатками, загрузкой инфоблоков, заказами, статусами заказов. Проект обеспечивает работу нескольких интернет-магазинов, в числе которых крупная сеть аптек и сеть детских магазинов в Санкт-Петербурге.
25 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/bexch.send-cat.incr.min.sh:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | #!/bin/bash
2 | #
3 | # bitrexchange - bitrix exchange
4 | # Скрипт стандартного обмена 1C и Битрикс по стандарту CommerceML
5 | # Инкрементальная выгрузка XML файлов каталога import и offers
6 | #
7 | set -e
8 |
9 | cd $(dirname $0)
10 | cdir=$(pwd)"/"
11 | #
12 | remote_dir="/mnt/localwinserver_fs/import/webdata/"
13 | zip_fname="catalogue.zip"
14 | xml_files="import0_1.xml offers0_1.xml"
15 | email1="admin@yourinternetshop.com";
16 | email2="alert@yourinternetshop.com";
17 |
18 | ctime=$(date +%Y-%m-%d-%H%M)
19 |
20 | chan=$(grep -e "СодержитТолькоИзменения=\"true" ${remote_dir}*.xml | wc -l);if test "$chan" != "2"; then echo "Error: XMLs are not in 'changes only' mode or file(s) are missing\r\n"; mail -s "Загрузка цен" -a "From: bitrexchange <${email1}>" $email1,$email2 <<< "Не прошла загрузка цен на сайт."; exit 1; else echo "OK: Format of XMLs are 'changes only'";fi
21 | if [ -f $zip_fname ]; then mv $zip_fname "${zip_fname}.${ctime}"; fi
22 | /usr/bin/zip -9j "$zip_fname" ${remote_dir}*.xml
23 |
24 | ##########################################################################
25 |
26 | headers="--header=\"User-Agent: 1C+Enterprise/8.2\" --header=\"Accept-Encoding: deflate\""
27 | login="import"
28 | password="yourpasswordonbitrix"
29 | baseurl="http://yourinternetshop.com/bitrix/admin/1c_exchange.php"
30 |
31 | ##########################################################################
32 | ret_line=$( wget $headers --user=${login} --password=${password} --auth-no-challenge -O - -q "${baseurl}?type=sale&mode=checkauth" )
33 | read -a ret_ar <<< $ret_line
34 | if [ ${ret_ar[0]} != "success" ]; then echo "Login error\r\n"; exit -1; fi
35 | sessvar=${ret_ar[1]}
36 | sessid=${ret_ar[2]}
37 | echo sessid=$sessid
38 | ret=$(wget $headers --header="Cookie: ${sessvar}=${sessid}" -O - -q "${baseurl}?type=catalog&mode=init"); echo $ret
39 | ret=$(wget $headers --post-file ${zip_fname} --header="Cookie: ${sessvar}=${sessid}" -O - -q "${baseurl}?type=catalog&mode=file&filename=import.zip"); echo $ret
40 | for fname in $xml_files; do
41 | st="progress"; while [ "$st" = "progress" ]; do ret=$(wget $headers --header="Cookie: ${sessvar}=${sessid}" -O - -q "${baseurl}?type=catalog&mode=import&filename=${fname}"); st=$( <<< "$ret" head -n1 | cut -c1-8); echo "$ret" | iconv -f cp1251 -t utf-8; done
42 | done
43 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/bexch.send-cat.incr.sh:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | #!/bin/bash
2 | #
3 | # bitrexchange - bitrix exchange
4 | # Скрипт стандартного обмена 1C и Битрикс по стандарту CommerceML
5 | # Инкрементальная выгрузка XML файлов каталога import и offers
6 | #
7 |
8 | ##########################################################################
9 | ############# Настройки скрипта и локальных файлов #######################
10 | ##########################################################################
11 |
12 | # Для того, чтобы не передались пустые или битые файлы, для предотвращения порчи данных,
13 | # при любой ошибке завершаем работу скрипта.
14 | set -e
15 |
16 | # Это такой интересный приём перехода в текущую директорию,
17 | # и одновременно сохранение полного текущего пути в переменную
18 | cd $(dirname $0)
19 | cdir=$(pwd)"/"
20 |
21 | # Обычно, 1С выкладывает файлы в какую-то расшареную папку на сервере в сети
22 | # которую мы заранее примонтируем. Но это может быть и локальная директория
23 | # для вас, которая расшарена вами в сети
24 | remote_dir="/mnt/localwinserver_fs/import/webdata/"
25 |
26 | # Имя файла zip, в который будут запакованы xml файлы.
27 | # Вместо этого, можно использовать просто временное имя.
28 | # Но такое жёстко заданное имя файла используется для
29 | # сохранения копий ранее переданных файлов. Очень удобно:
30 | # можно в любой момент посмотреть, в какой день появился
31 | # какой-то товар и по какой цене и т.п.
32 | zip_fname="catalogue.zip"
33 |
34 | # Имена файлов, которые мы будем передавать. Эти файлы формирует 1С, обычно
35 | # у них такие имена, но могут быть и другие! Нужно проверить это!
36 | # Файлы перечисляются через пробел.
37 | xml_files="import0_1.xml offers0_1.xml"
38 |
39 | # почта администратора, на которую направляются сообщения об ошибках
40 | email1="admin@yourinternetshop.com";
41 | email2="alert@yourinternetshop.com";
42 |
43 | # Определяем текущее время
44 | ctime=$(date +%Y-%m-%d-%H%M)
45 |
46 |
47 | ##########################################################################
48 | ################### Проверка и подготовка файлов #########################
49 | ##########################################################################
50 | # Этот скрипт - частный случай всех многочисленных видов загрузок.
51 | # Кроме выгрузки каталога, которую мы сейчас делаем, существуют другие обмены,
52 | # для которых существуют свои отдельные скрипты.
53 | # Но и в рамках этой выгрузки - выгрузки каталога, определены два типа:
54 | # так называемая инкрементальная выгрузка, то есть, выгрузка изменений, и
55 | # полная выгрузка.
56 | # По формату отличаются они друг от друга только одним параметром: значением
57 | # атрибута СодержитТолькоИзменения - он равен либо true, либо false.
58 | # Говоря о содержимом XML файлов, можно сказать, что инкрементальная выгрузка
59 | # может содержать и полный набор товаров, разница в другом:
60 | # если битрикс получает полную выгрузку, то он полностью стирает весь имеющийся
61 | # каталог товаров и заполняет его заново. Также теряются и все картинки товаров
62 | # поэтому полная выгрузка обязательно включает в себя все изображения, тогда
63 | # как инкрементальная может не включать.
64 | # Ну и конечно, если важно сохранить какие-то созданные вами привязки в базе
65 | # сайта, то лучше не удалять существующий каталог.
66 | # В общем, так или иначе, есть огромная, определяющая разница, какой именно
67 | # тип выгрузки использовать. Поэтому обязательно проверим, ни в коем случае
68 | # не доверяя 1C, что эта выгрузка действительно инкрементальная, причём
69 | # проверим в обоих файлах.
70 | # Заодно проверим, что эти файлы вообще существуют, и что их именно два.
71 | # Иногда, например, 1С почему-то выгружает только номерклатуру, а может
72 | # так случиться, что шара отвалилась и файлы вообще не выгрузились.
73 | # Поэтому, в случае проблемы, сообщаем себе о ней и выходим.
74 | chan=$(grep -e "СодержитТолькоИзменения=\"true" ${remote_dir}*.xml | wc -l);if test "$chan" != "2"; then echo "Error: XMLs are not in 'changes only' mode or file(s) are missing\r\n"; mail -s "Загрузка цен" -a "From: bitrexchange <${email1}>" $email1,$email2 <<< "Не прошла загрузка цен на сайт."; exit 1; else echo "OK: Format of XMLs are 'changes only'";fi
75 |
76 | # Начинаем собственно работу: запаковываем файлы и делаем архив предыдущего
77 | # файла текущей датой.
78 | # Обратите внимание, что эта команда запаковывает все xml файлы в каталоге.
79 | if [ -f $zip_fname ]; then mv $zip_fname "${zip_fname}.${ctime}"; fi
80 | /usr/bin/zip -9j "$zip_fname" ${remote_dir}*.xml
81 |
82 |
83 | ##########################################################################
84 | ##################### Настройки HTTP запросов ############################
85 | ##########################################################################
86 | # Задаём заголовки HTTP запроса. На самом деле это, во-первых, совершенно
87 | # необязательно, а во-вторых, можно задать какие-то свои, например, user-agent,
88 | # по которому потом можно отловить эти запросы в логах апача на принимающей
89 | # стороне.
90 | headers="--header=\"User-Agent: 1C+Enterprise/8.2\" --header=\"Accept-Encoding: deflate\""
91 | # Логин и пароль пользователя, под которым будет логиниться загрузка. Обычно это 1c_import
92 | # или import. Эти логин и пароль задаются в панели управления битрикса! Для теста вы можете
93 | # использовать и свой администраторский аккаунт, admin.
94 | login="import"
95 | password="yourpasswordonbitrix"
96 | # Чтобы не загромождать скрипт, вынесем в отдельную переменную базовый url всех запросов.
97 | # обычно это http://вашдомен/bitrix/admin/1c_exchange.php
98 | baseurl="http://yourinternetshop.com/bitrix/admin/1c_exchange.php"
99 |
100 | ##########################################################################
101 | ######################### Собственно обмен ###############################
102 | ##########################################################################
103 | # Поскольку документация весьма(!) поверхностная, и конкретные способы применения
104 | # протокола разнятся от конфигурации 1С, используемый способ обмена проверен и
105 | # подтверждён экспериментально и работает без изменений на нескольких
106 | # рабочих проектах, что подтверждает возможность его массового использования.
107 | #
108 | # Согласно протоколу обмена, запросы нескольких типов передаются
109 | # последовательно. Тип запроса определяется параметром, который добавляется
110 | # к базовому url, который мы уже задали выше как baseurl.
111 | #
112 | # Две переменные в url задают тип запроса. Первая, type, у нас принимает
113 | # значения либо sale, либо catalog. Вы можете попробовать изменить это,
114 | # по крайней мере для первого запроса, и использовать всегда catalog.
115 | # Вторая, более важная для нас, так как она и определяет этап обмена,
116 | # в переменной mode.
117 | # Первый запрос, mode=checkauth
118 | # Второй запрос, mode=init
119 | # Третий запрос, mode=file + POST zip-файла.
120 | # Последующие запросы, mode=import
121 |
122 | ########################### ПЕРВЫЙ ЗАПРОС ################################
123 | # Логинимся. Объяснение отсылки запросов с помощью wget
124 | # следует в приложении "Что новенького?"
125 | # Мы логинимся с помощью аутентификации по HTTP протоколу! Обычно, такой способ
126 | # включен в битриксе, но если нет, проверьте настройки сервера. Насколько
127 | # я знаю, какой-то настройки для включения или выключения этого способа в
128 | # битриксе нет, но аутентификация может быть выключена программно многими
129 | # способами.
130 | ret_line=$( wget $headers --user=${login} --password=${password} --auth-no-challenge -O - -q "${baseurl}?type=sale&mode=checkauth" )
131 | read -a ret_ar <<< $ret_line
132 | # Согласно протоколу, в случае успешного входа, битрикс отдаёт ответ
133 | # в виде трёх строк в теле HTTP ответа:
134 | # Первая - строка success
135 | # Вторая - переменная сессии, обычно PHPSESSID
136 | # Третье - значение сессии, строка.
137 | # Если sussecc получен, сохраняем переменнную сессии и её значение для
138 | # дальнейшего использования, если нет,
139 | # выходим из скрипта.
140 | # На этом моменте в случае ошибки мы можем получить HTML страницу,
141 | # которую вы можете сохранить и кое-как просмотреть, и, скорее всего,
142 | # вы найдёте в ней сообщение о том, что вам нужно залогиниться.
143 | # На этом этапе - наиболее вероятно - проверяйте логин и пароль пользователя,
144 | # попробуйте, прежде всего, зайти под этими логином и паролем в
145 | # панель управления битрикса.
146 | if [ ${ret_ar[0]} != "success" ]; then echo "Login error\r\n"; exit -1; fi
147 | sessvar=${ret_ar[1]}
148 | sessid=${ret_ar[2]}
149 | echo sessid=$sessid
150 |
151 | ############################## ВТОРОЙ ЗАПРОС #############################
152 | # Второй запрос - Init. При получении этого запроса полностью очищается(!)
153 | # директория /upload/1c_catalog/
154 | # Будьте внимательны, если вам нужны какие-то данные предыдущей загрузки.
155 | # Например, это будет важно, если вы передаёте картинки товаров.
156 | # 1С версии 8.3, как было обнаружено, почему-то этот запрос не передаёт, а
157 | # переходит сразу к запросу file.
158 | # На этом этапе возможно появление ошибки, которая будет описана далее
159 | # в приложении, см. возможные ошибки(1).
160 | ret=$(wget $headers --header="Cookie: ${sessvar}=${sessid}" -O - -q "${baseurl}?type=catalog&mode=init"); echo $ret
161 |
162 | ############################# ТРЕТИЙ ЗАПРОС ##############################
163 | # В третьем запросе нужно передать POST-запросом zip-файл.
164 | # mode должно быть = file, а вот имя файла - параметр filename - я как понимаю,
165 | # может быть любым, потому что оно нигде больше не фигурирует в запросе,
166 | # и задаёт только имя, под которым передаваемые данные сохраняются в виде файла
167 | # (ведь файл передаётся через POST-запрос и поэтому на самом деле
168 | # в контексте HTTP это не файл а просто какой-то кусок данных
169 | # который может быть чем угодно).
170 | # На этом шаге в директории upload/1c_catalog находится файл import.zip,
171 | # нераспакованный. Интересно, что больше никаких дополнительных запросов
172 | # на него посылать не нужно. Как только будет первый запрос на импорт,
173 | # он сам распакуется.
174 | ret=$(wget $headers --post-file ${zip_fname} --header="Cookie: ${sessvar}=${sessid}" -O - -q "${baseurl}?type=catalog&mode=file&filename=import.zip"); echo $ret
175 |
176 | ########################### ЗАПРОСЫ ИМПОРТА ##############################
177 | # Далее, согласно протоколу обмена, нужно посылать запросы с mode=file, до
178 | # тех пор, пока не будет получена строка success.
179 | # На самом деле, нужно проверять не success, а то, что на каждый запрос есть
180 | # ответ progress, и если он есть, то можно продолжать импорт, а если пришло
181 | # что-то другое, то импорт закончился по каким-то причинам, одной из которых
182 | # может быть и success.
183 | # Один из многочисленных недокументированных моментов состоит в том, что
184 | # такой цикл запросов нужно повторять для каждого распакованного файла, а имя
185 | # zip-файла больше нигде указывать не нужно, поскольку он распаковывается сразу
186 | # после получения.
187 | # См. приложение, возможные ошибки(2).
188 | for fname in $xml_files; do
189 | st="progress"; while [ "$st" = "progress" ]; do ret=$(wget $headers --header="Cookie: ${sessvar}=${sessid}" -O - -q "${baseurl}?type=catalog&mode=import&filename=${fname}"); st=$( <<< "$ret" head -n1 | cut -c1-8); echo "$ret" | iconv -f cp1251 -t utf-8; done
190 | done
191 |
192 | ################################ Последний запрос #########################
193 | # Согласно документации, последним запросом должен идти type=success, 1С этот
194 | # запрос отсылает, но этот скрипт обходится без него.
195 |
196 |
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