├── .gitignore
├── .travis.yml
├── CHANGELOG.md
├── COPYING
├── Gopkg.lock
├── Gopkg.toml
├── Makefile
├── README.md
├── client.go
├── client_test.go
├── config.go
├── consumer.go
├── docs
├── designs
│ └── design-rafka-rethinking.rst
└── server-shutdown.rst
├── errors.go
├── librdkafka.json.sample
├── main.go
├── main_test.go
├── producer.go
├── server.go
├── stats.go
└── test
├── Dockerfile
├── Gemfile
├── Gemfile.lock
├── README.md
├── docker-compose.yml
├── end-to-end
├── kafka_helpers.rb
├── librdkafka.test.json
├── skroutz-pu.list
├── skroutz-stable.list
└── test_helper.rb
/.gitignore:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | .vimrc
2 | *dump.rdb
3 | core
4 | librdkafka.json
5 | rafka
6 | test/.bundle
7 | vendor
8 | *.swp
9 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/.travis.yml:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | branches:
2 | only:
3 | - master
4 | - debian/stretch
5 | - debian/buster
6 | language: go
7 | go:
8 | - "1.11.x"
9 | services:
10 | - docker
11 | before_install:
12 | - curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/golang/dep/master/install.sh | sh
13 | - dep ensure -v
14 | before_script:
15 | - git clone https://github.com/skroutz/kafka-cluster-testbed.git kafkaclustertestbed
16 | - cd kafkaclustertestbed
17 | - docker-compose up --no-start zoo1 zoo2 zoo3 kc1.docker kc2.docker
18 | - docker-compose start
19 | - cd $TRAVIS_BUILD_DIR
20 | script:
21 | - make test
22 | matrix:
23 | include:
24 | - env: "DIST=stretch RDKAFKA_VERSION=v0.11.6"
25 | - env: "DIST=stretch RDKAFKA_VERSION=v1.2.2"
26 | - env: "DIST=buster RDKAFKA_VERSION=v0.11.6"
27 | - env: "DIST=buster RDKAFKA_VERSION=v1.2.2"
28 | jobs:
29 | allow_failures:
30 | - env: "DIST=stretch RDKAFKA_VERSION=v1.2.2"
31 | - env: "DIST=buster RDKAFKA_VERSION=v0.11.6"
32 | - env: "DIST=buster RDKAFKA_VERSION=v1.2.2"
33 | notifications:
34 | slack:
35 | secure: 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
36 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/CHANGELOG.md:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | # Changelog
2 |
3 | Breaking changes are prefixed with a "[BREAKING]" label.
4 |
5 |
6 | ## master (unreleased)
7 |
8 | ## 0.6.2 (2020-10-23)
9 |
10 | - Do not log unknown events as producer errors. Introduce new stats key for
11 | keeping track of unknown producer events. These events do not
12 | include "Connection reset by peers" connection errors. [[#90](https://github.com/skroutz/rafka/pull/90)].
13 |
14 | ## 0.6.1 (2019-10-09)
15 |
16 | This is a maintenance release with no changes.
17 |
18 | ## 0.6.0 (2019-10-08)
19 |
20 | This is a release refactoring the internal data structures of Rafka as detailed in [Rafka
21 | Rethinking](https://github.com/skroutz/rafka/blob/master/docs/designs/design-rafka-rethinking.rst)
22 | design doc.
23 |
24 | ### Changed
25 |
26 | - [BREAKING] Drop support for multiple Consumers per Client. From now on, only a [single Consumer can be
27 | associated with a Client instance](https://github.com/skroutz/rafka/blob/master/docs/designs/design-rafka-rethinking.rst#redefine-rafka-scope)
28 |
29 | - [INTERNAL] The ConsumerManager module as well as the respective functionality for managing
30 | Consumers has been [completely dropped from the
31 | source](https://github.com/skroutz/rafka/blob/master/docs/designs/design-rafka-rethinking.rst#drop-redundant-functionality).
32 | Now, the handling of Consumers is split between the Server and the respective Client instances.
33 |
34 |
35 | ## 0.5.0 (2019-08-29)
36 |
37 | ### Added
38 |
39 | - Add support for the MONITOR command [[#80](https://github.com/skroutz/rafka/pull/80)]
40 |
41 | ### Changed
42 |
43 | - [BREAKING] Drop support for librdkafka 0.11.4 and before. librdkafka 0.11.5 or later
44 | is now required [[#76](https://github.com/skroutz/rafka/pull/76)]
45 |
46 | - The consumer will now strip "unset" offsets (aka those of `OffsetInvalid` type) from the logging
47 | output [[#79](https://github.com/skroutz/rafka/pull/79)]
48 |
49 | ## 0.4.0 (2019-05-24)
50 |
51 | ### Fixed
52 |
53 | - With librdkafka 0.11.6 and 1.0.0, consumers could block indefinitely in BLPOP,
54 | resulting in rafka being unable to shutdown [[#77](https://github.com/skroutz/rafka/pull/77)]
55 |
56 | ### Added
57 |
58 | - "Unsupported command" errors now contain the actual command that was
59 | attempted by the client [[fa45217](https://github.com/skroutz/rafka/commit/fa45217c8c451591a009dc1398a6d0813916d5bb)]
60 |
61 | ### Changed
62 |
63 | - If there are no messages to be consumed, BLPOP returns a "null array" instead
64 | of a "null string", adhering to the Redis protocol. This is an internal change
65 | that shouldn't affect clients [[adf3650](https://github.com/skroutz/rafka/commit/adf365095ee006a5a0fe31ea633c9038f5f2ec70)]
66 |
67 | - Connection write/flush errors are not logged anymore [[686af22](https://github.com/skroutz/rafka/commit/686af22073877159849d716659e6db2206962d8a)]
68 |
69 |
70 | ## 0.3.0 (2019-05-14)
71 |
72 | ### Added
73 |
74 | - The server now logs errors during writing or flushing a response to the
75 | client [[71aacf5](https://github.com/skroutz/rafka/commit/71aacf59b12d31d5beee905c26b6c1f6d3715a59)]
76 |
77 | ### Changed
78 |
79 | - Incoming message size limit is bumped from 64kB to 32MB [[75fa7ef](https://github.com/skroutz/rafka/commit/75fa7ef023ec55d3c60b1e08e72f0afd127cd92a)]
80 |
81 | ### Fixed
82 |
83 | - Properly return _all_ parse errors to clients [[db39b5f](https://github.com/skroutz/rafka/commit/db39b5f978e39e9bd91017cba94b312a8014dca6)]
84 |
85 |
86 | ## 0.2.0 (2018-10-01)
87 |
88 | ### Added
89 |
90 | - Support for listing topics [[#66](https://github.com/skroutz/rafka/pull/66)]
91 | - Flag for displaying the rafka version (`--version/-v`) [[c650dd0](https://github.com/skroutz/rafka/commit/c650dd063d3468e80e3b7d96549285ffa1d7c951)]
92 |
93 | ### Changed
94 |
95 | - Shutdown process is more robust with less downtime for producers [[#68](https://github.com/skroutz/rafka/pull/68)]
96 |
97 |
98 | ## 0.1.0 (2018-09-24)
99 |
100 | ### Fixed
101 |
102 | - Ignore non-critical "Poll GroupCoordinator" errors [[#69](https://github.com/skroutz/rafka/pull/69)]
103 |
104 | ### Changed
105 |
106 | - [BREAKING] `--kafka/-k` flag is renamed to `--config/-c` [[9be4ea8](https://github.com/skroutz/rafka/commit/9be4ea84d2e7ddf8b33d90e0f6489dd07335dfef)]
107 |
108 |
109 | ## 0.0.16 (2018-06-07)
110 |
111 | ### Fixed
112 |
113 | - Consumers failed to start if librdkafka configuration provided from
114 | clients contained numeric values [[118c36a](https://github.com/skroutz/rafka/commit/118c36af1969b1df81ce0d29f1a36696f94e8a2a)]
115 |
116 |
117 | ## 0.0.15 (2018-06-05)
118 |
119 | This is a maintenance release with no changes.
120 |
121 |
122 | ## 0.0.14 (2018-06-05)
123 |
124 | ### Added
125 |
126 | - Accept configuration from clients [[#40](https://github.com/skroutz/rafka/issues/40)]
127 |
128 | ### Fixed
129 |
130 | - Consumer could hang indefinitely when closing [[#59](https://github.com/skroutz/rafka/issues/59)]
131 |
132 |
133 | ## 0.0.13 (2018-06-05)
134 |
135 | ### Added
136 |
137 | - Offset commit results are now visible in the logs [[c73dae](https://github.com/skroutz/rafka/commit/c73dae044be7903d6b11109cc5cc366d61d98228)]
138 |
139 |
140 | ## 0.0.12 (2018-05-22)
141 |
142 | ### Changed
143 |
144 | - Use librdkafka auto commit and offset store functionality
145 |
146 |
147 | ## 0.0.11 (2018-05-18)
148 |
149 | ### Changed
150 |
151 | - Depend on librdkafka 0.11.4 and confluent-kafka-go 0.11.4
152 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/COPYING:
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610 | SUCH DAMAGES.
611 |
612 | 17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16.
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614 | If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided
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620 |
621 | END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
622 |
623 | How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
624 |
625 | If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
626 | possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
627 | free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
628 |
629 | To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest
630 | to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
631 | state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
632 | the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
633 |
634 | {one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.}
635 | Copyright (C) {year} {name of author}
636 |
637 | This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
638 | it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
639 | the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
640 | (at your option) any later version.
641 |
642 | This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
643 | but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
644 | MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
645 | GNU General Public License for more details.
646 |
647 | You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
648 | along with this program. If not, see .
649 |
650 | Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
651 |
652 | If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short
653 | notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:
654 |
655 | {project} Copyright (C) {year} {fullname}
656 | This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
657 | This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
658 | under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
659 |
660 | The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
661 | parts of the General Public License. Of course, your program's commands
662 | might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an "about box".
663 |
664 | You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school,
665 | if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary.
666 | For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see
667 | .
668 |
669 | The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program
670 | into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you
671 | may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with
672 | the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General
673 | Public License instead of this License. But first, please read
674 | .
675 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/Gopkg.lock:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | # This file is autogenerated, do not edit; changes may be undone by the next 'dep ensure'.
2 |
3 |
4 | [[projects]]
5 | branch = "master"
6 | name = "github.com/agis/spawn"
7 | packages = ["."]
8 | revision = "2b1649feb264e6da334b227f2233b76b8d88c96c"
9 |
10 | [[projects]]
11 | name = "github.com/confluentinc/confluent-kafka-go"
12 | packages = ["kafka"]
13 | revision = "460e8e43b282a1a68219df600ef63442b81faf5f"
14 | version = "v0.11.6"
15 |
16 | [[projects]]
17 | name = "github.com/go-redis/redis"
18 | packages = [".","internal","internal/consistenthash","internal/hashtag","internal/pool","internal/proto"]
19 | revision = "da63fe7def48e378caf9539abf64b9b1e37bc01e"
20 | version = "v6.5.3"
21 |
22 | [[projects]]
23 | name = "github.com/secmask/go-redisproto"
24 | packages = ["."]
25 | revision = "14323b204640af1628764b06726c64fe040998e1"
26 |
27 | [[projects]]
28 | name = "github.com/urfave/cli"
29 | packages = ["."]
30 | revision = "a14d7d367bc02b1f57d88de97926727f2d936387"
31 | version = "v1.18.1"
32 |
33 | [solve-meta]
34 | analyzer-name = "dep"
35 | analyzer-version = 1
36 | inputs-digest = "b731e47c90c1ef552af3fedbf2e9bd578fa77c9925781c83042ed47bbec9f2f0"
37 | solver-name = "gps-cdcl"
38 | solver-version = 1
39 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/Gopkg.toml:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | [[constraint]]
2 | name = "github.com/confluentinc/confluent-kafka-go"
3 | version = "=0.11.6"
4 |
5 | [[constraint]]
6 | name = "github.com/urfave/cli"
7 | version = "1.18.1"
8 |
9 | [[constraint]]
10 | name = "github.com/secmask/go-redisproto"
11 | revision = "14323b204640af1628764b06726c64fe040998e1"
12 |
13 | [[constraint]]
14 | name = "github.com/go-redis/redis"
15 | version = "6.5.3"
16 |
17 | [[constraint]]
18 | branch = "master"
19 | name = "github.com/agis/spawn"
20 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/Makefile:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | .PHONY: install dep build test teste2e testunit lint fmt clean run-rafka run-rafka-local testunit-local teste2e-local
2 |
3 | default: fmt install test
4 |
5 | install:
6 | go install -v
7 |
8 | dep:
9 | dep ensure -v
10 |
11 | build: fmt
12 | CGO_ENABLED=1 go build -v -ldflags '-X main.VersionSuffix=$(shell git rev-parse HEAD)'
13 |
14 | testunit-local:
15 | go test -race
16 |
17 | teste2e-local:
18 | cd test && bundle install --frozen && ./end-to-end -v
19 |
20 | lint:
21 | golint
22 |
23 | fmt:
24 | test -z `go fmt 2>&1`
25 |
26 | clean:
27 | go clean
28 |
29 | run-rafka-local: build
30 | ./rafka -c test/librdkafka.test.json
31 |
32 | run-rafka: dep
33 | docker-compose -f test/docker-compose.yml up --no-start --build
34 | docker-compose -f test/docker-compose.yml start
35 |
36 | testunit: run-rafka
37 | docker-compose -f test/docker-compose.yml exec rafka make testunit-local
38 |
39 | teste2e: run-rafka
40 | docker-compose -f test/docker-compose.yml exec rafka make teste2e-local
41 |
42 | test: run-rafka
43 | docker-compose -f test/docker-compose.yml exec rafka make testunit-local teste2e-local
44 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/README.md:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | rafka
2 | =====
3 |
4 | [](https://travis-ci.org/skroutz/rafka)
5 | [](https://goreportcard.com/report/github.com/skroutz/rafka)
6 | [](https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0)
7 |
8 | #### Table of Contents
9 |
10 | - [Rationale](#rationale)
11 | - [Requirements](#requirements)
12 | - [Getting Started](#getting-started)
13 | - [Design](#design)
14 | - [Protocol](#protocol)
15 | - [Consumer](#consumer)
16 | - [Producer](#producer)
17 | - [API](#api)
18 | - [Protocol](#protocol)
19 | - [Consumer](#consumer)
20 | - [Generic](#generic)
21 | - [Client libraries](#client-libraries)
22 | - [Development](#development)
23 | - [License](#license)
24 |
25 |
26 | rafka is a gateway service that exposes Kafka using simple semantics.
27 |
28 | It implements a small subset of the [Redis protocol](https://redis.io/topics/protocol), so that it
29 | can be used by leveraging existing Redis client libraries.
30 |
31 | Rationale
32 | ---------
33 |
34 | Using Kafka with languages that lack a reliable, solid client library can be a problem for
35 | mission-critical applications.
36 |
37 | Using rafka we can:
38 |
39 | - Hide Kafka low-level details from the application and provide sane defaults, backed by the
40 | excellent [librdkafka](https://github.com/edenhill/librdkafka).
41 | - Use a Redis client instead of a Kafka client. This is particularly useful in languages that lack a
42 | proper Kafka client library or do not provide concurrency primitives to implement buffering and
43 | other optimizations. Furthermore, writing a rafka client is much easier than writing a Kafka
44 | client. For a list of available client libraries see [_Client libraries_](#client-libraries).
45 |
46 | Refer to [*"Introducing Kafka to a Rails application"*](https://engineering.skroutz.gr/blog/kafka-rails-integration/)
47 | for more background and how rafka is used in a production environment.
48 |
49 | Requirements
50 | ------------
51 |
52 | - [librdkafka](https://github.com/edenhill/librdkafka) 0.11.5 or later
53 | - A Kafka cluster
54 |
55 | Getting Started
56 | ------------
57 |
58 | 1. Install [librdkafka](https://github.com/edenhill/librdkafka):
59 |
60 | ```shell
61 | # debian
62 | $ sudo apt-get install librdkafka-dev
63 |
64 | # macOS
65 | $ brew install librdkafka
66 | ```
67 |
68 | 2. Install rafka:
69 |
70 | ```shell
71 | $ go get -u github.com/skroutz/rafka
72 | ```
73 |
74 | 3. Run it:
75 |
76 | ```shell
77 | $ rafka -c librdkafka.json.sample
78 | [rafka] 2017/06/26 11:07:23 Spawning Consumer Manager (librdkafka 0.11.0)...
79 | [server] 2017/06/26 11:07:23 Listening on 0.0.0.0:6380
80 | ```
81 |
82 | Design
83 | ------
84 |
85 | ### Protocol
86 |
87 | rafka exposes a subset of the [Redis protocol](https://redis.io/topics/protocol) and tries to keep
88 | Redis semantics where possible.
89 |
90 | We also try to design the protocol in a way that rafka can be replaced by a plain Redis instance so
91 | that it's easier to test client code and libraries.
92 |
93 | ### Consumer
94 |
95 | In Kafka, each consumer represents a worker processing messages. That worker sends heartbeats and
96 | is de-pooled from its group when it misbehaves.
97 |
98 | Those semantics are preserved in rafka by using _stateful connections_. In rafka, each connection
99 | is tied with a set of Kafka consumers. Consumers are not shared between connections and once the
100 | connection closes, the respective consumers are gracefully shut down too.
101 |
102 | Each consumer must identify itself upon connection, by using `client setname :`.
103 | Then it can begin processing messages by issuing `blpop` calls on the desired topics. Each message
104 | should be explicitly acknowledged so it can be committed to Kafka. Acks are `rpush`ed to the
105 | special `acks` key.
106 |
107 | For more info refer to [API - Consumer](https://github.com/skroutz/rafka#consumer-1).
108 |
109 | #### Caveats
110 |
111 | rafka periodically calls [`Consumer.StoreOffsets()`](https://docs.confluent.io/current/clients/confluent-kafka-go/index.html#Consumer.StoreOffsets)
112 | under the hood. This means consumers must be configured accordingly:
113 |
114 | - `enable.auto.commit` must be set to `true`
115 | - `enable.auto.offset.store` [must](https://github.com/edenhill/librdkafka/blob/v0.11.4/src/rdkafka.h#L2665) be set to `false`
116 |
117 | For more info see https://github.com/edenhill/librdkafka/blob/master/CONFIGURATION.md.
118 |
119 | ### Producer
120 |
121 | - Each client connection is tied to a single Producer.
122 | - Producers are not shared between connections and once the connection closes, its producer is also
123 | shutdown gracefully.
124 | - Producers produce messages using `RPUSHX`.
125 | - Produced messages are buffered in rafka and are eventually flushed to Kafka. However, `DUMP` can
126 | be used to force a synchronous flush of any outstanding messages.
127 |
128 | For more info refer to [API - Producer](https://github.com/skroutz/rafka#producer-1).
129 |
130 | #### Caveats
131 |
132 | There is currently is an upper message limit of **32MB** to the messages that may be produced. It
133 | is controlled by `go-redisproto.MaxBulkSize`.
134 |
135 | API
136 | ---
137 |
138 | ### Producer
139 |
140 | - `RPUSHX topics: ` produce a message
141 | - `RPUSHX topics:: ` produce a message with a partition key. Messages with
142 | the same key will always be assigned to the same partition.
143 | - `DUMP ` flush any outstanding messages to Kafka. This is a blocking operation; it
144 | returns until all buffered messages are flushed or the timeoutMs exceeds
145 |
146 | Example using redis-cli:
147 |
148 | ```shell
149 | 127.0.0.1:6380> rpushx topics:greetings "hello there!"
150 | "OK"
151 | ```
152 |
153 | ### Consumer
154 |
155 | - `CLIENT SETNAME :` sets the consumer group and name
156 | - `CLIENT GETNAME`
157 | - `BLPOP topics:: ` consume the next message from
158 | topic
159 | - `RPUSH acks ::` commit the offset for the given topic/partition
160 |
161 | Example using redis-cli:
162 |
163 | ```shell
164 | 127.0.0.1:6380> client setname myapp:a-consumer
165 | "OK"
166 | 127.0.0.1:6380> blpop topics:greetings 1000
167 | 1) "topic"
168 | 2) "greetings"
169 | 3) "partition"
170 | 4) (integer) 2
171 | 5) "offset"
172 | 6) (integer) 10
173 | 7) "value"
174 | 8) "hello there!"
175 | # ... do some work with the greeting...
176 | 127.0.0.1:6380> rpush acks greetings:2:10
177 | "OK"
178 | ```
179 |
180 | ### Generic
181 |
182 | - [`PING`](https://redis.io/commands/ping)
183 | - [`QUIT`](https://redis.io/commands/quit)
184 | - [`MONITOR`](https://redis.io/commands/monitor)
185 | - `HGETALL stats` get monitoring statistics monitoring
186 | - `KEYS topics:` list all topics
187 | - `DEL stats` reset the monitoring statistics
188 |
189 | Client libraries
190 | ----------------
191 |
192 | - Ruby: [rafka-rb](https://github.com/skroutz/rafka-rb)
193 |
194 | Development
195 | -----------
196 |
197 | If this is your first time setting up development on rafka, ensure that you have all the build
198 | dependencies via [dep](https://github.com/golang/dep):
199 |
200 | ```shell
201 | $ dep ensure
202 | ```
203 |
204 | To run all the tests (Go + end-to-end) do:
205 |
206 | ```shell
207 | $ DIST=buster RDKAFKA_VERSION=v1.2.1 make test
208 | ```
209 |
210 | License
211 | -------
212 |
213 | rafka is released under the GNU General Public License version 3. See [COPYING](COPYING).
214 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/client.go:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | // Copyright 2017-2019 Skroutz S.A.
2 | //
3 | // This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
4 | // it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
5 | // the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
6 | // (at your option) any later version.
7 | //
8 | // This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
9 | // but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
10 | // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
11 | // GNU General Public License for more details.
12 | //
13 | // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
14 | // along with this program. If not, see .
15 | package main
16 |
17 | import (
18 | "bufio"
19 | "context"
20 | "errors"
21 | "fmt"
22 | "log"
23 | "net"
24 | "os"
25 | "strings"
26 | "sync"
27 |
28 | rdkafka "github.com/confluentinc/confluent-kafka-go/kafka"
29 | redisproto "github.com/secmask/go-redisproto"
30 | )
31 |
32 | type Client struct {
33 | id string
34 | conn net.Conn
35 | cfg Config
36 | ctx context.Context
37 | log *log.Logger
38 | monitorChan chan string
39 |
40 | consGID string
41 | consReady bool
42 |
43 | consWg *sync.WaitGroup
44 |
45 | consumer *Consumer
46 | producer *Producer
47 | }
48 |
49 | // NewClient returns a new client. After it's no longer needed, the client
50 | // should be closed with Close().
51 | func NewClient(ctx context.Context, conn net.Conn, cfg Config) *Client {
52 | id := conn.RemoteAddr().String()
53 |
54 | client := &Client{
55 | id: id,
56 | monitorChan: make(chan string, 1000),
57 | conn: conn,
58 | cfg: cfg,
59 | ctx: ctx,
60 | log: log.New(os.Stderr, fmt.Sprintf("[client-%s] ", id), log.Ldate|log.Ltime),
61 | }
62 |
63 | go client.monitorWriter()
64 |
65 | return client
66 | }
67 |
68 | // monitorWriter streams any monitor strings written to the client's monitor channel.
69 | func (c *Client) monitorWriter() {
70 | writer := redisproto.NewWriter(bufio.NewWriter(c.conn))
71 | for monitorOutput := range c.monitorChan {
72 | writer.WriteSimpleString(monitorOutput)
73 | writer.Flush()
74 | }
75 | }
76 |
77 | // SetID sets the id for c. It returns an error if id is not in the form of
78 | // :.
79 | func (c *Client) SetID(id string) error {
80 | if c.consReady {
81 | return errors.New("Client ID is already set to " + c.id)
82 | }
83 |
84 | parts := strings.SplitN(id, ":", 2)
85 | if len(parts) != 2 {
86 | return errors.New("Cannot parse group.id")
87 | }
88 |
89 | c.id = id
90 | c.consGID = parts[0]
91 | c.log.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("[client-%s] ", c.id))
92 | c.consReady = true
93 | return nil
94 | }
95 |
96 | func (c *Client) String() string {
97 | return c.id
98 | }
99 |
100 | // registerConsumer registers a new Consumer denoted by cid.
101 | func (c *Client) registerConsumer(
102 | cid ConsumerID, gid string, topics []string, cfg rdkafka.ConfigMap) (*Consumer, error) {
103 |
104 | if gid == "" {
105 | return nil, errors.New("Failed to register Consumer (attr: `group.id` is missing)")
106 | }
107 |
108 | // apparently, reusing the same config between consumers silently makes them non-operational
109 | kafkaCfg := rdkafka.ConfigMap{}
110 | for k, v := range c.cfg.Librdkafka.Consumer {
111 | err := kafkaCfg.SetKey(k, v)
112 | if err != nil {
113 | return nil, err
114 | }
115 | }
116 | for k, v := range cfg {
117 | err := kafkaCfg.SetKey(k, v)
118 | if err != nil {
119 | return nil, err
120 | }
121 | }
122 | err := kafkaCfg.SetKey("group.id", gid)
123 | if err != nil {
124 | return nil, err
125 | }
126 |
127 | // Extract the consumer name from the client id.
128 | // We know by client.Consumer() that cid is in the form of `|`
129 | cidNoTopics := strings.Split(strings.Split(string(cid), "|")[0], ":")[1]
130 | err = kafkaCfg.SetKey("client.id", cidNoTopics)
131 | if err != nil {
132 | return nil, err
133 | }
134 |
135 | ctx, consumerCancel := context.WithCancel(c.ctx)
136 | cons, err := NewConsumer(cid, topics, kafkaCfg)
137 | if err != nil {
138 | return nil, err
139 | }
140 | cons.cancel = consumerCancel
141 |
142 | c.consWg.Add(1)
143 | go func(ctx context.Context) {
144 | defer c.consWg.Done()
145 | cons.Run(ctx)
146 | }(ctx)
147 |
148 | return cons, nil
149 | }
150 |
151 | // Consumer method will either create a new consumer via the registerConsumer method, or it will
152 | // simple return the already registered Consumer for the current Client.
153 | func (c *Client) Consumer(topics []string, cfg rdkafka.ConfigMap) (*Consumer, error) {
154 | if !c.consReady {
155 | return nil, errors.New("Connection not ready. Identify yourself using `CLIENT SETNAME` first")
156 | }
157 |
158 | cid := ConsumerID(fmt.Sprintf("%s|%s", c.id, strings.Join(topics, ",")))
159 |
160 | if c.consumer == nil {
161 | cons, err := c.registerConsumer(cid, c.consGID, topics, cfg)
162 | if err != nil {
163 | return nil, fmt.Errorf("Failed to register Consumer '%s' for Client '%s'", cid, c.id)
164 | }
165 | c.consumer = cons
166 | } else if cid != c.consumer.id {
167 | return nil, fmt.Errorf("Client '%s' has Consumer '%s' registered (new consID: '%s')", c.id,
168 | c.consumer.id, cid)
169 | }
170 |
171 | return c.consumer, nil
172 | }
173 |
174 | // Producer returns c's producer. If c does not have a producer assigned yet,
175 | // a new one is created and assigned to it.
176 | func (c *Client) Producer(cfg rdkafka.ConfigMap) (*Producer, error) {
177 | var err error
178 |
179 | if c.producer != nil {
180 | return c.producer, nil
181 | }
182 |
183 | // reusing the same config between producers causes:
184 | // fatal error: concurrent map read and map write
185 | kafkaCfg := rdkafka.ConfigMap{}
186 | for k, v := range cfg {
187 | err := kafkaCfg.SetKey(k, v)
188 | if err != nil {
189 | c.log.Printf("Error configuring producer: %s", err)
190 | }
191 | }
192 |
193 | c.producer, err = NewProducer(kafkaCfg)
194 | if err != nil {
195 | return nil, err
196 | }
197 |
198 | return c.producer, nil
199 | }
200 |
201 | // Close closes producers, consumers and the connection of c.
202 | // Calling Close on an already closed client will result in a panic.
203 | func (c *Client) Close() {
204 | if c.consumer != nil {
205 | c.consumer.cancel()
206 | }
207 |
208 | if c.producer != nil {
209 | c.producer.Close()
210 | }
211 |
212 | close(c.monitorChan)
213 | c.conn.Close()
214 | }
215 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/client_test.go:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | package main
2 |
3 | import (
4 | "fmt"
5 | "testing"
6 |
7 | "github.com/go-redis/redis"
8 | )
9 |
10 | func TestSetIDTwice(t *testing.T) {
11 | c := redis.NewClient(&redis.Options{
12 | Addr: fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", cfg.Host, cfg.Port),
13 | OnConnect: func(c *redis.Conn) error {
14 | res := c.ClientSetName("foobar:foo2")
15 | if res.Err() != nil {
16 | t.Fatal(res.Err())
17 | }
18 |
19 | if c.ClientSetName("foobar:foo3").Err() == nil {
20 | t.Fatal("Expected error, got nothing")
21 | }
22 | return nil
23 | }})
24 |
25 | c.Ping().Result()
26 | }
27 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/config.go:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | // Copyright 2017-2019 Skroutz S.A.
2 | //
3 | // This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
4 | // it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
5 | // the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
6 | // (at your option) any later version.
7 | //
8 | // This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
9 | // but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
10 | // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
11 | // GNU General Public License for more details.
12 | //
13 | // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
14 | // along with this program. If not, see .
15 | package main
16 |
17 | import (
18 | rdkafka "github.com/confluentinc/confluent-kafka-go/kafka"
19 | )
20 |
21 | type Config struct {
22 | Host string
23 | Port int
24 |
25 | Librdkafka struct {
26 | General rdkafka.ConfigMap `json:"general"`
27 | Consumer rdkafka.ConfigMap `json:"consumer"`
28 | Producer rdkafka.ConfigMap `json:"producer"`
29 | }
30 | }
31 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/consumer.go:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | // Copyright 2017-2019 Skroutz S.A.
2 | //
3 | // This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
4 | // it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
5 | // the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
6 | // (at your option) any later version.
7 | //
8 | // This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
9 | // but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
10 | // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
11 | // GNU General Public License for more details.
12 | //
13 | // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
14 | // along with this program. If not, see .
15 | package main
16 |
17 | import (
18 | "context"
19 | "errors"
20 | "fmt"
21 | "log"
22 | "os"
23 | "sync"
24 |
25 | rdkafka "github.com/confluentinc/confluent-kafka-go/kafka"
26 | )
27 |
28 | type ConsumerID string
29 |
30 | type Consumer struct {
31 | id ConsumerID
32 | consumer *rdkafka.Consumer
33 | topics []string
34 | cfg rdkafka.ConfigMap
35 | cancel context.CancelFunc
36 | log *log.Logger
37 |
38 | mu *sync.Mutex
39 | terminated bool
40 | }
41 |
42 | type TopicPartition struct {
43 | Topic string
44 | Partition int32
45 | }
46 |
47 | type OffsetEntry struct {
48 | tp TopicPartition
49 | offset rdkafka.Offset
50 | }
51 |
52 | func NewConsumer(id ConsumerID, topics []string, cfg rdkafka.ConfigMap) (*Consumer, error) {
53 | var err error
54 |
55 | c := Consumer{
56 | id: id,
57 | topics: topics,
58 | cfg: cfg,
59 | log: log.New(os.Stderr, fmt.Sprintf("[consumer-%s] ", id), log.Ldate|log.Ltime),
60 | mu: new(sync.Mutex),
61 | }
62 |
63 | c.consumer, err = rdkafka.NewConsumer(&cfg)
64 | if err != nil {
65 | return nil, err
66 | }
67 |
68 | return &c, nil
69 | }
70 |
71 | func (c *Consumer) Run(ctx context.Context) {
72 | c.consumer.SubscribeTopics(c.topics, nil)
73 |
74 | c.log.Printf("Started working (%v)...", c.cfg)
75 | <-ctx.Done()
76 |
77 | c.mu.Lock()
78 | defer c.mu.Unlock()
79 | // Close() will also trigger a commit since enable.auto.commit is true
80 | // so we don't need to commit explicitly
81 | err := c.consumer.Close()
82 | if err != nil {
83 | c.log.Printf("Error closing: %s", err)
84 | }
85 | c.terminated = true
86 | c.log.Println("Bye")
87 | }
88 |
89 | // filterOutInvalidOffsets filters out any Offsets of type OffsetInvalid from the given OffsetsCommitted argument.
90 | func filterOutInvalidOffsets(offsets rdkafka.OffsetsCommitted) rdkafka.OffsetsCommitted {
91 | updatedParts := []rdkafka.TopicPartition{}
92 | for _, part := range offsets.Offsets {
93 | if part.Offset != rdkafka.OffsetInvalid {
94 | updatedParts = append(updatedParts, part)
95 | }
96 | }
97 | return rdkafka.OffsetsCommitted{offsets.Error, updatedParts}
98 | }
99 |
100 | func (c *Consumer) Poll(timeoutMS int) (*rdkafka.Message, error) {
101 | c.mu.Lock()
102 | defer c.mu.Unlock()
103 |
104 | if c.terminated {
105 | return nil, nil
106 | }
107 |
108 | ev := c.consumer.Poll(timeoutMS)
109 | if ev == nil {
110 | return nil, nil
111 | }
112 |
113 | switch e := ev.(type) {
114 | case *rdkafka.Message:
115 | return e, nil
116 | case rdkafka.OffsetsCommitted:
117 | c.log.Print(filterOutInvalidOffsets(e))
118 | case rdkafka.Error:
119 | // Treat errors with error code ErrTransport as transient And just log them.
120 | // For now all other errors cause a failure.
121 | // https://github.com/edenhill/librdkafka/issues/1987#issuecomment-422008750
122 | if e.Code() != rdkafka.ErrTransport {
123 | return nil, errors.New(e.String())
124 | }
125 |
126 | c.log.Printf("Consumer: Poll: Transient error: %s , code: %d", e.String(), e.Code())
127 | default:
128 | c.log.Printf("Unknown event type: %T", e)
129 | }
130 |
131 | return nil, nil
132 | }
133 |
134 | // SetOffset sets the offset for the given topic and partition to pos.
135 | // Commiting the offset to Kafka is handled by librdkafka in the background.
136 | func (c *Consumer) SetOffset(topic string, partition int32, pos rdkafka.Offset) error {
137 | if pos < 0 {
138 | return fmt.Errorf("offset cannot be negative, got %d", pos)
139 | }
140 |
141 | // Calling StoreOffsets manually prohibits the caller from using
142 | // `enable.auto.offset.store` option.
143 | // See https://github.com/edenhill/librdkafka/blob/v0.11.4/src/rdkafka.h#L2665
144 | _, err := c.consumer.StoreOffsets([]rdkafka.TopicPartition{
145 | {
146 | Topic: &topic,
147 | Partition: partition,
148 | Offset: pos,
149 | },
150 | })
151 | return err
152 | }
153 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/docs/designs/design-rafka-rethinking.rst:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | ==================
2 | Rethinking Rafka
3 | ==================
4 |
5 | .. contents:: :depth: 3
6 |
7 | This is a design document detailing the plan for refactoring the internal structure of Rafka. Also,
8 | the new simplified design will allow to provide the required native support for performance metrics
9 | for the Rafka server.
10 |
11 |
12 | Current state and shortcomings
13 | ==============================
14 |
15 | The main rationale behind Rafka is to expose a subset of the Kafka API, i.e., the `Consumer` and
16 | `Producer` API, by taking advantage of the Redis protocol and leveraging the already existing Redis
17 | client libraries, mainly targeting languages that lack of a Kafka client library with proper
18 | concurrency primitives. `However, the initial design decision for a simple and straightforward API
19 | is not reflected in the internal structure of Rafka`.
20 |
21 | Shortly, in order to implement the (simple) Rafka API, we internally maintain `five` primary
22 | structs; the `Server`, `Client`, `Consumer`, `Producer`, and the `ConsumerManager`. Those structs
23 | work interchangeably by operating on common data structures, which apparently translates to a lot
24 | of extra lines of code for synchronizing and properly orchestrating the requests handling. Besides
25 | the error-prone nature of that extra complexity, it proved to be quite difficult to follow the
26 | execution flow and most important to isolate the interested parties in case of a bug or failure.
27 |
28 | Furthermore, an important feature that Rafka currently lacks of, is the support of proper
29 | monitoring primitives and metrics. There's no way to monitor the server's status, inspect the
30 | Rafka-to-Kafka interaction, follow a request's life-cycle, and generally monitoring the server's
31 | performance. There are a lot of incidents reported lately about lost messages on high-traffic
32 | production setups and it is currently impossible to identify the root cause of those failures.
33 |
34 |
35 | Background
36 | ==========
37 |
38 | This section provides some extra information about Rafka internals, in order to facilitate the
39 | reading of the rest of this design document.
40 |
41 | Core components
42 | ---------------
43 |
44 | The majority of Rafka functionality is internally handled by the following `5` major components. A
45 | short description of each of those components, follows:
46 |
47 | * ``Producer``, the interface used to send data streams to Kafka. It is allowed to produce to any
48 | Kafka topic using the same `Producer` instance.
49 |
50 | * ``Consumer``, it allows reading data streams from Kafka. A `Consumer` is allowed to be subscribed
51 | to either one topic or a list of Kafka topics.
52 |
53 | * ``ConsumerManager``, it maintains a mapping of **all** registered `Consumers` in the server. It
54 | uses this mapping to return the appropriate `Consumer` to the requested `Client`. There's a
55 | single `ConsumerManager` object per server and so it's scope is global.
56 |
57 | * ``Client``, it is created upon a new connection to Rafka and can currently serve a `Producer`
58 | and/or one (or more) `Consumer` processes. It is associated with a client ID which apparently is
59 | unique across the server (this is ensured via the ``ClientByID`` server's field). Also note that
60 | each `Client` instance holds a reference to the global `ConsumerManager` object, too.
61 |
62 | * ``Server``, it maintains a map with **all** registered `Clients`. It holds a reference to the
63 | global `ConsumerManager` object, just like the registered `Clients` do. It also takes over the
64 | Redis command handling.
65 |
66 | Assumptions
67 | -----------
68 |
69 | As already mentioned, a `Client` can be mapped to a single `Producer` instance. At the same time,
70 | the same `Client` object can be mapped to more than one `Consumer` instances, too. A new `Consumer`
71 | instance will be created per subscribed Kafka topic (or topics). The subscribed topic(s) are also
72 | included in the `ConsumerID`, which has the following format:
73 |
74 |
75 | ``|``
76 |
77 | Apparently, it is not allowed to create two consumers for the same topic for the same `Client`
78 | instance. To better visualize this behavior, consider the following snippet using the common Redis
79 | client:
80 |
81 | .. code-block:: shell
82 |
83 | # Set the consumer group-id and name (client setname :)
84 | 127.0.0.1:6380> client setname myapp:a-consumer
85 | "OK"
86 | # Create a consumer subscribed to topic test_topic_1
87 | # consumerID: `myapp:a-consumer|test_topic_1`
88 | 127.0.0.1:6380> blpop topics:test_topic_1 5
89 | (nil)
90 | (5.01s)
91 | # Create a consumer subscribed to topics test_topic_2 & test_topic_3
92 | # consumerID: `myapp:a-consumer|test_topic_2,test_topic_3`
93 | 127.0.0.1:6380> blpop topics:test_topic_2,test_topic_3 5
94 | (nil)
95 | (5.01s)
96 | # Try to create a consumer to the already subscribed topic test_topic_3
97 | 127.0.0.1:6380> blpop topics:test_topic_3 5
98 | (error) CONS Topic test_topic_3 has another consumer
99 |
100 | .. note::
101 |
102 | Note that when Rafka is used via the official Ruby client (aka `rafka-rb`_), it is not
103 | possible to create more than one consumers for the same connection (aka `Client`). The
104 | ``Rafka::Consumer`` API is mapped to a single Rafka `Client`, using a single `Consumer` instance,
105 | which is subscribed to a given list of topics. Using a tool like `redis-client` which allows
106 | operating on the same connection, is currently the only way to assign more than one consumers to
107 | a single `Client` instance.
108 |
109 | .. _`rafka-rb`: https://github.com/skroutz/rafka-rb
110 |
111 |
112 | Proposed changes
113 | ================
114 |
115 | This document proposes a more simplified Rafka design; in order to make the source code more robust
116 | and maintainable, we should decouple the primary Rafka structs from any extra logic as well as drop
117 | the redundant synchronization functionality that we currently maintain. In short, the primary Rafka
118 | structures should be abstracted further and become completely self-contained, if possible. This
119 | refactoring will also translate to a lighter server implementation since we can move the Redis
120 | command handling to the responsible modules. Finally, by limiting the project's scope and by
121 | separating the modules' responsibilities, we ease the implementation of proper performance metrics'
122 | support for the Rafka server.
123 |
124 | The current proposal suggests splitting the implementation into 4 logical phases in order to ensure
125 | a smoother transition to the new design. Finally, note that the external API and generally any
126 | interaction with existing functionality won't be affected.
127 |
128 | Redefine Rafka scope
129 | --------------------
130 |
131 | Rafka's main target is to expose a simple API to interact with Kafka. To keep it simply internally,
132 | we could start with revisiting the `Consumer`-specific `Assumptions`_ we maintain for the `Client`
133 | struct. The question we should answer first is if there are any valid reasons to maintain this
134 | `one-to-many` relationship between `Clients` and `Consumers`. `rafka-rb`_ already maintains an
135 | `one-to-one` relationship between a `Client` and a `Consumer` and the only way to create a second
136 | consumer for the same connection would be by using a tool which allow us to operate on the same
137 | connection, like the `redis-client` for example. In short, we maintain a lot of extra logic for a
138 | feature which is not likely to be used on production setups; it is impractical, never used, and we
139 | should stop supporting it.
140 |
141 | An immediate benefit of this modification is that the `Client` struct will be simplified
142 | significantly, since the functionality related to this feature will be dropped completely, starting
143 | with the ``consByTopic`` and ``consumers`` `Client` fields, as well as all the related parties. Of
144 | course, for the same reason there's no way to support the creation of both a `Producer` and a
145 | `Consumer` for the same `Client` object and this feature should be stopped supported, too.
146 |
147 | Short story after; a `Client` would be mapped to either a single `Producer` instance or to a single
148 | `Consumer` which can (apparently) be able to be subscribed to one or more topics.
149 |
150 | Drop redundant functionality
151 | ----------------------------
152 |
153 | Following the previous section's modifications, it allows us to get rid of the ``ConsumerManager``
154 | module completely. Since the `Client` could only be mapped to a single `Consumer` at a time, the
155 | `ConsumerManager` module becomes redundant. On the contrary, the `Client` module will become the
156 | primary authoritative structure for handling its registered `Consumer` object, as it is
157 | semantically expected to happen. It will take over the tasks to create, destroy, stop, or cancel a
158 | registered `Consumer` without the extra overhead of the ``ConsumerManager`` logic.
159 |
160 | Separation of concerns
161 | ----------------------
162 |
163 | Moving a step forward, we can further abstract the internal API of the `Client` struct. What a
164 | `Client` should actually know, is the connection and the ID that Rafka associates with it. The
165 | implementation details of whether a `Client` corresponds to a `Producer` or a `Consumer` instance
166 | should be moved away from this module by taking advantage of Go's interfaces and common Factory
167 | method patterns. Separating the actions from the data will allow us to also make the ``MONITOR``
168 | logic a first-class citizen similar to the `Producer` and `Consumer` ones.
169 |
170 | Moreover, we could decouple the `Server` from the end-to-end handling of the supported Redis
171 | commands. Ideally, each component (`Consumer`, `Producer`, `Monitor`) should be authoritative of
172 | the Redis commands it can handle. For example, an incoming `BLPOP` request should not be handled by
173 | the `Server` directly; instead, it should be forwarded to the interested party (aka the `Consumer`
174 | in that case), which should properly process the command, create the write buffers, and respond
175 | appropriately.
176 |
177 | Performance metrics
178 | -------------------
179 |
180 | A production Rafka setup may handle a quite significant amount of traffic. Exporting metrics about
181 | the server's state, is the only way to ensure that Rafka performs and operates smoothly. We could
182 | expose metrics in various areas like:
183 |
184 | - **Health metrics**, such as health and/or availability stats for the server
185 | - **Server metrics**, such as clients connections, global requests count, etc
186 | - **Client metrics**, such as producer metrics (number of messages received from a client,
187 | acknowledged, flushed to Kafka, etc), consumer-specific stats, etc
188 |
189 | .. TODO: Implementation details of the current feature and enhanced metrics' list
190 |
191 |
192 | Future enhancements
193 | ===================
194 |
195 | Implementing **Error handling** primitives is a challenging task; Rafka currently lacks of proper
196 | error handling techniques to handle and respond to such erroneous conditions. Decoupling the custom
197 | error logic to a separate module, and creating proper error codes and handlers, will help in
198 | maintaining the normal program's flow. We could probably combine such feature with the new `Error
199 | Wrapping`_ feature which was introduced on `Go v1.13`.
200 |
201 | .. TODO: More details about Error Handling in Rafka
202 |
203 | .. _`Error Wrapping`: https://golang.org/doc/go1.13#error_wrapping
204 |
205 |
206 | .. vim: set textwidth=99 :
207 | .. Local Variables:
208 | .. mode: rst
209 | .. fill-column: 99
210 | .. End:
211 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/docs/server-shutdown.rst:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | ======================
2 | Server Shutdown Flow
3 | ======================
4 |
5 | This document details the sequence of operations executed when Rafka server receives a shutdown
6 | signal. The steps executed by the `Server` are summarized in the following list:
7 |
8 | #. Receives the shutdown request
9 | #. Stops accepting new `Consumers`
10 | #. Closes all `Clients` with an active `Consumer` instance
11 | #. Waits for all `Consumers` to terminate
12 | #. Stops accepting new `Clients`
13 | #. Closes `Clients` with an active `Producer` instance
14 | #. Terminates
15 |
16 | In the above rules set, there's a (rare) case which affects the described flow. Rafka currently
17 | allows a single `Client` instance to maintain both a `Consumer` as well as a `Producer` instance.
18 | When such `Client` is requested to close (3), its associated `Producer` will close too, without
19 | waiting for all `Consumers` to terminate.
20 |
21 | Furthermore, we should clarify that as soon as we're waiting for active `Consumers` to terminate,
22 | new `Producers` can be registered. Based on Rafka server's load, a `Consumer` terminate operation
23 | may last longer than expected; in that case we don't want to block the `Producers`, and so we allow
24 | new `Producer` connections to be created.
25 |
26 | .. vim: set textwidth=99 :
27 | .. Local Variables:
28 | .. mode: rst
29 | .. fill-column: 99
30 | .. End:
31 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/errors.go:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | package main
2 |
3 | import "errors"
4 |
5 | var ErrShutdown = errors.New("shutdown")
6 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/librdkafka.json.sample:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | {
2 | "general": {
3 | "api.version.request": true,
4 | "bootstrap.servers": "kafka-1.example.com,kafka-2.example.com",
5 | "session.timeout.ms": 6000,
6 | "log.connection.close": false
7 | },
8 | "consumer": {
9 | "go.events.channel.enable": false,
10 | "go.application.rebalance.enable": false,
11 | "enable.auto.commit": true,
12 | "auto.commit.interval.ms": 10000,
13 | "enable.auto.offset.store": false,
14 | "auto.offset.reset": "latest",
15 | "enable.partition.eof": false
16 | },
17 | "producer": {
18 | "go.delivery.reports": true,
19 | "go.events.channel.size": 1000
20 | }
21 | }
22 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/main.go:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | // Rafka: Kafka exposed with a Redis API
2 | //
3 | // Copyright 2017-2019 Skroutz S.A.
4 | //
5 | // This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
6 | // it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
7 | // the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
8 | // (at your option) any later version.
9 | //
10 | // This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
11 | // but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
12 | // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
13 | // GNU General Public License for more details.
14 | //
15 | // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
16 | // along with this program. If not, see .
17 | package main
18 |
19 | import (
20 | "context"
21 | "encoding/json"
22 | "errors"
23 | "fmt"
24 | "log"
25 | "os"
26 | "os/signal"
27 | "sync"
28 | "syscall"
29 | "time"
30 |
31 | rdkafka "github.com/confluentinc/confluent-kafka-go/kafka"
32 | "github.com/urfave/cli"
33 | )
34 |
35 | const Version = "0.6.2"
36 |
37 | var (
38 | cfg Config
39 | stats Stats
40 | shutdown = make(chan os.Signal, 1)
41 |
42 | // populated at build-time with -ldflags
43 | VersionSuffix string
44 | )
45 |
46 | func main() {
47 | signal.Notify(shutdown, syscall.SIGINT, syscall.SIGTERM)
48 |
49 | app := cli.NewApp()
50 | app.Name = "rafka"
51 | app.Usage = "Kafka with a Redis API"
52 | app.HideVersion = false
53 | app.Version = Version
54 | if VersionSuffix != "" {
55 | app.Version = Version + "-" + VersionSuffix[:7]
56 | }
57 | app.Flags = []cli.Flag{
58 | cli.StringFlag{
59 | Name: "host",
60 | Usage: "Host to listen to",
61 | Value: "0.0.0.0",
62 | },
63 | cli.IntFlag{
64 | Name: "port, p",
65 | Usage: "Port to listen to",
66 | Value: 6380,
67 | },
68 | cli.StringFlag{
69 | Name: "config, c",
70 | Usage: "Path to librdkafka configuration file",
71 | Value: "librdkafka.json",
72 | },
73 | }
74 |
75 | app.Before = func(c *cli.Context) error {
76 | if c.String("config") == "" {
77 | return cli.NewExitError("No librdkafka configuration provided", 1)
78 | }
79 |
80 | f, err := os.Open(c.String("config"))
81 | if err != nil {
82 | return err
83 | }
84 | defer f.Close()
85 |
86 | dec := json.NewDecoder(f)
87 | dec.UseNumber()
88 | err = dec.Decode(&cfg.Librdkafka)
89 | if err != nil {
90 | return err
91 | }
92 |
93 | // cfg might be set before main() runs (eg. while testing)
94 | if cfg.Host == "" {
95 | cfg.Host = c.String("host")
96 | }
97 | if cfg.Port == 0 {
98 | cfg.Port = c.Int("port")
99 | }
100 |
101 | // republish config using rdkafka.SetKey() for proper error checking
102 | for _, config := range []rdkafka.ConfigMap{cfg.Librdkafka.Consumer, cfg.Librdkafka.Producer} {
103 | // merge general configuration
104 | for k, v := range cfg.Librdkafka.General {
105 | if config[k] != nil {
106 | continue
107 | }
108 | err = config.SetKey(k, v)
109 | if err != nil {
110 | return fmt.Errorf("Error in librdkafka config (%s): %s", k, err)
111 | }
112 | }
113 |
114 | for k, v := range config {
115 | err = config.SetKey(k, v)
116 | if err != nil {
117 | return fmt.Errorf("Error in librdkafka config (%s): %s", k, err)
118 | }
119 | }
120 | }
121 |
122 | if cfg.Librdkafka.Consumer["go.events.channel.size"] != nil {
123 | chSizeNumber, ok := cfg.Librdkafka.Consumer["go.events.channel.size"].(json.Number)
124 | if !ok {
125 | return errors.New("Error converting go.events.channel.size to int")
126 | }
127 | chSize, err := chSizeNumber.Int64()
128 | if err != nil {
129 | return fmt.Errorf("Error converting go.events.channel.size to int: %s", err)
130 | }
131 | err = cfg.Librdkafka.Consumer.SetKey("go.events.channel.size", int(chSize))
132 | if err != nil {
133 | return fmt.Errorf("Error setting go.events.channel.size: %s", err)
134 | }
135 | }
136 |
137 | if cfg.Librdkafka.Producer["go.events.channel.size"] != nil {
138 | chSizeNumber, ok := cfg.Librdkafka.Producer["go.events.channel.size"].(json.Number)
139 | if !ok {
140 | return errors.New("Error converting go.events.channel.size to int")
141 | }
142 | chSize, err := chSizeNumber.Int64()
143 | if err != nil {
144 | return fmt.Errorf("Error converting go.events.channel.size to int: %s", err)
145 | }
146 | err = cfg.Librdkafka.Producer.SetKey("go.events.channel.size", int(chSize))
147 | if err != nil {
148 | return fmt.Errorf("Error setting go.events.channel.size: %s", err)
149 | }
150 | }
151 |
152 | // We don't use the channel-based producer API, but even then
153 | // confluent-kafka-go still preallocates a channel with the
154 | // default buffer size of 1000000. Thus, this reduces memory
155 | // usage significantly, especially in the case of many,
156 | // short-lived producers.
157 | //
158 | // NOTE: If we ever want to change to the channel-based
159 | // producer API, this should be set via the config file
160 | // instead.
161 | err = cfg.Librdkafka.Producer.SetKey("go.produce.channel.size", 0)
162 | if err != nil {
163 | return fmt.Errorf("Error setting go.produce.channel.size: %s", err)
164 | }
165 |
166 | return nil
167 | }
168 |
169 | app.Action = func(c *cli.Context) error {
170 | run(c)
171 | return nil
172 | }
173 |
174 | app.Run(os.Args)
175 | }
176 |
177 | func run(c *cli.Context) {
178 | var srvWg sync.WaitGroup
179 | ctx, srvShutdown := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
180 | _, rdkafkaVer := rdkafka.LibraryVersion()
181 |
182 | log.Printf("librdkafka %s | %v", rdkafkaVer, cfg)
183 |
184 | srvWg.Add(1)
185 | go func() {
186 | defer srvWg.Done()
187 | err := NewServer(5*time.Second).ListenAndServe(ctx, fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", cfg.Host, cfg.Port))
188 | if err != nil {
189 | log.Fatal(err)
190 | }
191 |
192 | }()
193 |
194 | <-shutdown
195 | log.Println("Shutting down...")
196 | srvShutdown()
197 | srvWg.Wait()
198 | }
199 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/main_test.go:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | package main
2 |
3 | import (
4 | "context"
5 | "fmt"
6 | "log"
7 | "os"
8 | "reflect"
9 | "strconv"
10 | "strings"
11 | "sync"
12 | "testing"
13 | "time"
14 |
15 | "github.com/agis/spawn"
16 | rdkafka "github.com/confluentinc/confluent-kafka-go/kafka"
17 | "github.com/go-redis/redis"
18 | )
19 |
20 | func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
21 | cmd := spawn.New(main, "-p", "6383", "-c", "test/librdkafka.test.json")
22 |
23 | // start rafka
24 | ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
25 | err := cmd.Start(ctx)
26 | if err != nil {
27 | log.Fatal(err)
28 | }
29 |
30 | c := newClient("wait:for-rafka")
31 | serverReady := false
32 | for i := 0; i <= 3 && !serverReady; i++ {
33 | serverReady = c.Ping().Val() == "PONG"
34 | time.Sleep(300 * time.Millisecond)
35 | }
36 |
37 | if !serverReady {
38 | log.Fatal("Server not ready in time")
39 | os.Exit(1)
40 | }
41 |
42 | result := m.Run()
43 |
44 | cancel()
45 | err = cmd.Wait()
46 | if err != nil {
47 | log.Fatal(err)
48 | }
49 |
50 | os.Exit(result)
51 | }
52 |
53 | // TODO(agis) Move this to an end-to-end test when rafka-rb is able to consume
54 | // multiple topics from the same client instance.
55 | func TestConsumerTopicExclusive(t *testing.T) {
56 | id := "bar:baz"
57 | c := newClient(id)
58 | _, err := c.BLPop(1*time.Second, "topics:foo").Result()
59 | if err != nil && err != redis.Nil {
60 | t.Fatal(err)
61 | }
62 |
63 | consID := "bar:baz|foo"
64 | newConsID := "bar:baz|foo,foo2"
65 | expErr := fmt.Sprintf("CONS Client '%s' has Consumer '%s' registered (new consID: '%s')", id, consID, newConsID)
66 | _, err = c.BLPop(1*time.Second, "topics:foo,foo2").Result()
67 | if err.Error() != expErr {
68 | t.Errorf("Expected error: `%s`, was `%s`", expErr, err)
69 | }
70 |
71 | err = c.Close()
72 | if err != nil {
73 | t.Error(err)
74 | }
75 | }
76 |
77 | func TestConsumerConfig(t *testing.T) {
78 | c := newClient("foo:bar1")
79 | _, err := c.BLPop(1*time.Second, `topics:foo:{"auto.offset.reset": "latest"}`).Result()
80 | if err != nil && err != redis.Nil {
81 | t.Fatal(err)
82 | }
83 |
84 | // configuration only applies in the 1st operation
85 | _, err = c.BLPop(1*time.Second, `topics:foo:{"auto.offset.reset": "malformed"}`).Result()
86 | if err != nil && err != redis.Nil {
87 | t.Fatal(err)
88 | }
89 |
90 | err = c.Close()
91 | if err != nil {
92 | t.Error(err)
93 | }
94 |
95 | c = newClient("foo2:bar2")
96 | _, err = c.BLPop(1*time.Second, `topics:foo:{"invalid_option":"1"}`).Result()
97 | if err == nil {
98 | t.Fatal("Expected invalid configuration error, got nothing")
99 | }
100 | }
101 |
102 | // RPUSH
103 | func TestConsumerOffsetCommit(t *testing.T) {
104 | cases := [][]string{
105 | {"acks", "sometopic:1:-5"},
106 | {"acks", "sometopic:1:foo"},
107 | {"acks", "sometopic:10"},
108 | {"acks", "sometopic"},
109 | {"wrongkey", "sometopic:1:5"},
110 | }
111 |
112 | c := newClient("foo:offset")
113 | // spawn the consumer
114 | c.BLPop(1*time.Second, "topics:sometopic").Result()
115 |
116 | for _, args := range cases {
117 | _, err := c.RPush(args[0], args[1]).Result()
118 | if err == nil {
119 | t.Errorf("Expected error for `%v %v`, got nothing", args[0], args[1])
120 | }
121 | }
122 | }
123 |
124 | // RPUSHX
125 | func TestProduceErr(t *testing.T) {
126 | c := newClient("some:producer:" + t.Name())
127 |
128 | _, err := c.RPushX("invalid-arg", "a msg").Result()
129 | if err == nil {
130 | t.Error("Expected error, got nothing")
131 | }
132 |
133 | err = c.Close()
134 | if err != nil {
135 | t.Error(err)
136 | }
137 | }
138 |
139 | func TestProduceWithKey(t *testing.T) {
140 | c := newClient("some:producer:" + t.Name())
141 |
142 | _, err := c.RPushX("topic:foo:bar", "a msg").Result()
143 | if err != nil {
144 | t.Error(err)
145 | }
146 |
147 | err = c.Close()
148 | if err != nil {
149 | t.Error(err)
150 | }
151 | }
152 |
153 | // SETNAME
154 | func TestClientID(t *testing.T) {
155 | numReq := 100
156 | replies := make(chan string)
157 |
158 | expected := 0
159 | for i := 0; i < numReq; i++ {
160 | expected += i
161 | go func(n int) {
162 | c := newClient((fmt.Sprintf("foo:bar-%d", n)))
163 |
164 | res, err := c.ClientGetName().Result()
165 | if err != nil {
166 | t.Error(err)
167 | }
168 |
169 | replies <- res
170 |
171 | err = c.Close()
172 | if err != nil {
173 | t.Error(err)
174 | }
175 | }(i)
176 | }
177 |
178 | actual := 0
179 | for i := 0; i < numReq; i++ {
180 | n, err := strconv.Atoi(strings.Split(<-replies, "-")[1])
181 | if err != nil {
182 | t.Fatal(err)
183 | }
184 | actual += n
185 | }
186 |
187 | if actual != expected {
188 | t.Errorf("Expected %d, got %d", expected, actual)
189 | }
190 | }
191 |
192 | func TestConcurrentProducers(t *testing.T) {
193 | var wg sync.WaitGroup
194 | numProd := 5
195 |
196 | wg.Add(numProd)
197 |
198 | for i := 0; i < numProd; i++ {
199 | go func(n int) {
200 | defer wg.Done()
201 |
202 | c := newClient(fmt.Sprintf("some:producer-%d", n))
203 |
204 | c.RPushX("topic:foo", "a msg").Result()
205 |
206 | err := c.Close()
207 | if err != nil {
208 | t.Error(err)
209 | }
210 | }(i)
211 | }
212 | wg.Wait()
213 | }
214 |
215 | // HGETALL
216 | func TestStatsQuery(t *testing.T) {
217 | p := newClient("someone:foo")
218 | v, err := p.HGetAll("stats").Result()
219 | if err != nil {
220 | t.Error(err)
221 | }
222 |
223 | _, err = strconv.Atoi(v["producer.delivery.errors"])
224 | if err != nil {
225 | t.Error(err)
226 | }
227 |
228 | _, err = strconv.Atoi(v["producer.unflushed.messages"])
229 | if err != nil {
230 | t.Error(err)
231 | }
232 | }
233 |
234 | func TestParseTopics(t *testing.T) {
235 | cases := map[string][]string{
236 | "topics:bar": {"bar"},
237 | "topics:foo,bar": {"foo", "bar"},
238 | "topics:baz:": {"baz"},
239 | "topics:baz,foo:": {"baz", "foo"},
240 | }
241 |
242 | for input, expected := range cases {
243 | actual, _, err := parseTopicsAndConfig(input)
244 | if err != nil {
245 | t.Fatal(err)
246 | }
247 | if !reflect.DeepEqual(actual, expected) {
248 | t.Fatalf("Expected %v, got %v", expected, actual)
249 | }
250 | }
251 | }
252 |
253 | func TestParseConfig(t *testing.T) {
254 | cases := map[string]rdkafka.ConfigMap{
255 | `topics:bar:{"cfg":"foo"}`: {"cfg": "foo"},
256 | `topics:bar:{"a":"b","c":"d","e":"f"}`: {"a": "b", "c": "d", "e": "f"},
257 | }
258 |
259 | for input, expected := range cases {
260 | _, actual, err := parseTopicsAndConfig(input)
261 | if err != nil {
262 | t.Fatal(err)
263 | }
264 | if !reflect.DeepEqual(actual, expected) {
265 | t.Fatalf("Expected %v, got %v", expected, actual)
266 | }
267 | }
268 | }
269 |
270 | // KEYS
271 | func TestMetadataQuery(t *testing.T) {
272 | c := newClient("someone:random_producer")
273 |
274 | _, err := c.Keys("topics:").Result()
275 | if err != nil {
276 | t.Errorf("Could not execute KEYS command: `%s`", err)
277 | }
278 | }
279 |
280 | func newClient(id string) *redis.Client {
281 | return redis.NewClient(&redis.Options{
282 | // TODO Add the ability to read host and port from a cfg file
283 | Addr: fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", "localhost", 6383),
284 | OnConnect: setName(id)})
285 | }
286 |
287 | func setName(id string) func(*redis.Conn) error {
288 | return func(c *redis.Conn) error {
289 | res := c.ClientSetName(id)
290 | if res.Err() != nil {
291 | log.Fatalf("%s", res.Err())
292 | }
293 | return nil
294 | }
295 | }
296 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/producer.go:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | // Copyright 2017-2019 Skroutz S.A.
2 | //
3 | // This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
4 | // it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
5 | // the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
6 | // (at your option) any later version.
7 | //
8 | // This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
9 | // but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
10 | // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
11 | // GNU General Public License for more details.
12 | //
13 | // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
14 | // along with this program. If not, see .
15 | package main
16 |
17 | import (
18 | "fmt"
19 | "log"
20 | "os"
21 | "strings"
22 | "sync"
23 | "sync/atomic"
24 |
25 | rdkafka "github.com/confluentinc/confluent-kafka-go/kafka"
26 | )
27 |
28 | type Producer struct {
29 | id string
30 | rdProd *rdkafka.Producer
31 | log *log.Logger
32 | started bool
33 | wg sync.WaitGroup
34 | }
35 |
36 | func NewProducer(cfg rdkafka.ConfigMap) (*Producer, error) {
37 | rdProd, err := rdkafka.NewProducer(&cfg)
38 | if err != nil {
39 | return nil, err
40 | }
41 |
42 | id := strings.TrimPrefix(rdProd.String(), "rdkafka#")
43 |
44 | return &Producer{
45 | id: id,
46 | rdProd: rdProd,
47 | log: log.New(os.Stderr, fmt.Sprintf("[%s] ", id), log.Ldate|log.Ltime),
48 | started: false}, nil
49 |
50 | }
51 |
52 | func (p *Producer) String() string {
53 | return p.id
54 | }
55 |
56 | func (p *Producer) Produce(msg *rdkafka.Message) error {
57 | if !p.started {
58 | p.wg.Add(1)
59 | go p.consumeDeliveries()
60 | p.started = true
61 | p.log.Printf("Started working...")
62 | }
63 |
64 | return p.rdProd.Produce(msg, nil)
65 | }
66 |
67 | // Flush flushes any remaining messages. It blocks until all messages are
68 | // delivered or timeoutMs elapses and returns the number of
69 | // outstanding messages.
70 | func (p *Producer) Flush(timeoutMs int) int {
71 | return p.rdProd.Flush(timeoutMs)
72 | }
73 |
74 | // Close stops p after flushing any buffered messages. It is a blocking
75 | // operation.
76 | func (p *Producer) Close() {
77 | unflushed := p.Flush(5000)
78 | if unflushed > 0 {
79 | p.log.Printf("Error flushing: %d unflushed events", unflushed)
80 | atomic.AddUint64(&stats.producerUnflushed, uint64(unflushed))
81 | }
82 | // signal consumeDeliveries() to exit by closing p.rdProd.Events()
83 | // channel
84 | p.rdProd.Close()
85 | p.wg.Wait()
86 | p.log.Print("Bye")
87 | }
88 |
89 | func (p *Producer) consumeDeliveries() {
90 | defer p.wg.Done()
91 |
92 | for ev := range p.rdProd.Events() {
93 | msg, ok := ev.(*rdkafka.Message)
94 | if ok {
95 | if err := msg.TopicPartition.Error; err != nil {
96 | p.log.Printf("Error delivering `%s` to %s: %s", msg.Value, msg, err)
97 | atomic.AddUint64(&stats.producerErr, 1)
98 | }
99 | } else {
100 | p.log.Printf("Error consuming delivery event: Unknown event type (%s)", ev)
101 |
102 | // We can ignore 'connection reset by peer' connection errors.
103 | // See https://github.com/edenhill/librdkafka/wiki/FAQ#why-am-i-seeing-receive-failed-disconnected
104 | // See https://github.com/skroutz/rafka/pull/90
105 | if strings.Contains(ev.String(), "Connection reset by peer") {
106 | continue
107 | }
108 |
109 | atomic.AddUint64(&stats.producerUnknownEvents, 1)
110 | }
111 | }
112 | }
113 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/server.go:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | // Copyright (C) 2017-2019 Skroutz S.A.
2 | //
3 | // This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
4 | // it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
5 | // the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
6 | // (at your option) any later version.
7 | //
8 | // This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
9 | // but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
10 | // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
11 | // GNU General Public License for more details.
12 | //
13 | // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
14 | // along with this program. If not, see .
15 | //
16 | // +build go1.9
17 |
18 | package main
19 |
20 | import (
21 | "bufio"
22 | "bytes"
23 | "context"
24 | "encoding/json"
25 | "fmt"
26 | "log"
27 | "net"
28 | "os"
29 | "strconv"
30 | "strings"
31 | "sync"
32 | "time"
33 |
34 | rdkafka "github.com/confluentinc/confluent-kafka-go/kafka"
35 | redisproto "github.com/secmask/go-redisproto"
36 | )
37 |
38 | type monitorReply struct {
39 | timestamp int64
40 | monitorString string
41 | }
42 |
43 | type Server struct {
44 | log *log.Logger
45 | listener net.Listener
46 |
47 | // default timeout for consumer poll
48 | timeout time.Duration
49 |
50 | // currently connected clients
51 | clientByID sync.Map // map[string]*Client
52 |
53 | // wait group to manage the active consumers
54 | consumersWg sync.WaitGroup
55 |
56 | // server's main monitor channel
57 | srvMonitorChan chan monitorReply
58 |
59 | // monitor channels of connected monitoring clients
60 | monitorChans sync.Map // map[string](chan string)
61 |
62 | // boolean flag denoting whether a server shutdown is in-progress
63 | teardown bool
64 | teardownLock sync.RWMutex
65 | }
66 |
67 | func NewServer(timeout time.Duration) *Server {
68 | // The default is 64kB, however Kafka messages might typically be
69 | // much larger than this, so we bump the limit to 32MB.
70 | //
71 | // Keep in mind that the Redis protocol specifies strings may be
72 | // up to 512MB, although there are plans to make them even bigger
73 | // (see https://github.com/antirez/redis/issues/757).
74 | redisproto.MaxBulkSize = 32 * 1024 * 1000
75 |
76 | return &Server{
77 | timeout: timeout,
78 | log: log.New(os.Stderr, "[server] ", log.Ldate|log.Ltime),
79 | srvMonitorChan: make(chan monitorReply, 1000),
80 | teardown: false,
81 | }
82 | }
83 |
84 | // formatMonitorCommand simply wraps the Redis command and its arguments into double quotes.
85 | func formatMonitorCommand(cmd *redisproto.Command) string {
86 | commandStr := fmt.Sprintf("\"%s\"", string(cmd.Get(0)))
87 | for i := 1; i < cmd.ArgCount(); i++ {
88 | commandStr += fmt.Sprintf(" \"%s\"", string(cmd.Get(i)))
89 | }
90 | return commandStr
91 | }
92 |
93 | // monitorHandler outputs every command processed by Rafka server to the monitor channels of the
94 | // connected monitoring clients.
95 | func (s *Server) monitorHandler() {
96 | for monReply := range s.srvMonitorChan {
97 | s.monitorChans.Range(func(id, channel interface{}) bool {
98 | clientMonitorChan, ok := channel.(chan string)
99 | if !ok {
100 | s.log.Printf("Couldn't cast %#v to chan string", channel)
101 | return false
102 | }
103 |
104 | select {
105 | case clientMonitorChan <- fmt.Sprintf("%.6f [0 %s] %s",
106 | float64(monReply.timestamp)/1e+9,
107 | id,
108 | monReply.monitorString):
109 | default:
110 | s.log.Printf("Failed to write monitor string to client '%s'\n", id)
111 | }
112 |
113 | return true
114 | })
115 | }
116 | }
117 |
118 | func (s *Server) Handle(ctx context.Context, conn net.Conn) {
119 | c := NewClient(ctx, conn, cfg)
120 | c.consWg = &s.consumersWg
121 | defer c.Close()
122 |
123 | s.clientByID.Store(c.id, c)
124 | defer func() {
125 | s.clientByID.Delete(c.id)
126 | s.monitorChans.Delete(c.id)
127 | }()
128 |
129 | parser := redisproto.NewParser(conn)
130 | writer := redisproto.NewWriter(bufio.NewWriter(conn))
131 |
132 | var parseErr, writeErr error
133 | var monitorStrCommand string
134 |
135 | for {
136 | var command *redisproto.Command
137 | command, parseErr = parser.ReadCommand()
138 | if parseErr != nil {
139 | writeErr = writer.WriteError(parseErr.Error())
140 | } else {
141 | monitorStrCommand = formatMonitorCommand(command)
142 | select {
143 | case s.srvMonitorChan <- monitorReply{
144 | timestamp: time.Now().UnixNano(),
145 | monitorString: monitorStrCommand,
146 | }:
147 | default:
148 | s.log.Printf("Could not write redis Command to channel: '%s'\n", monitorStrCommand)
149 | }
150 |
151 | cmd := strings.ToUpper(string(command.Get(0)))
152 | switch cmd {
153 | // Consume the next message from one or more topics
154 | //
155 | // BLPOP topics::
156 | case "BLPOP":
157 | arg1 := string(command.Get(1))
158 | topics, cfg, err := parseTopicsAndConfig(arg1)
159 | if err != nil {
160 | writeErr = writer.WriteError("CONS " + err.Error())
161 | break
162 | }
163 |
164 | // We need to hold the teardownLock in read-mode, while we're registering a new
165 | // Consumer. This way we ensure that no Consumer will be registered **after** a
166 | // server shutdown signal is handled.
167 | s.teardownLock.RLock()
168 | if s.teardown {
169 | // server shutdown, release the read-lock and return
170 | writeErr = writer.WriteError("CONS Server shutdown")
171 | s.teardownLock.RUnlock()
172 | break
173 | }
174 |
175 | cons, err := c.Consumer(topics, cfg)
176 | if err != nil {
177 | writeErr = writer.WriteError("CONS " + err.Error())
178 | s.teardownLock.RUnlock()
179 | break
180 | }
181 | s.teardownLock.RUnlock()
182 |
183 | // Setup timeout: Check the last argument for
184 | // an int or use the default.
185 | // Note: We do not support 0 as infinity.
186 | timeout := s.timeout
187 | lastIdx := command.ArgCount() - 1
188 | secs, err := strconv.Atoi(string(command.Get(lastIdx)))
189 | if err == nil {
190 | timeout = time.Duration(secs) * time.Second
191 | }
192 | ticker := time.NewTicker(timeout)
193 |
194 | ConsLoop:
195 | for {
196 | select {
197 | case <-ctx.Done():
198 | writeErr = writer.WriteError("CONS Server shutdown")
199 | break ConsLoop
200 | case <-ticker.C:
201 | // WriteBulkStrings() is the only method
202 | // that returns what the Redis Protocol
203 | // calls a "null array" (i.e. "*-1\r\n")
204 | //
205 | // see https://github.com/secmask/go-redisproto/issues/4
206 | writeErr = writer.WriteBulkStrings(nil)
207 | break ConsLoop
208 | default:
209 | // we set a small timeout since
210 | // Poll holds a lock that
211 | // prevents the consumer to
212 | // terminate until Poll returns
213 | ev, err := cons.Poll(100)
214 | if err != nil {
215 | writeErr = writer.WriteError("CONS Poll " + err.Error())
216 | break ConsLoop
217 | }
218 | if ev == nil {
219 | continue
220 | }
221 | writeErr = writer.WriteObjects(msgToRedis(ev)...)
222 | break ConsLoop
223 | }
224 | }
225 | ticker.Stop()
226 | // Get producer/consumer statistics
227 | //
228 | // HGETALL stats
229 | case "HGETALL":
230 | key := strings.ToUpper(string(command.Get(1)))
231 | if key != "STATS" {
232 | writeErr = writer.WriteError("ERR Expected key to be 'stats', got " + key)
233 | break
234 | }
235 | writeErr = writer.WriteObjects(stats.toRedis()...)
236 | // List all topics
237 | //
238 | // KEYS
239 | case "KEYS":
240 | arg1 := string(command.Get(1))
241 | if arg1 != "topics:" {
242 | writeErr = writer.WriteError("ERR Expected argument to be 'topics:', got " + arg1)
243 | break
244 | }
245 |
246 | prod, err := c.Producer(cfg.Librdkafka.Producer)
247 | if err != nil {
248 | writeErr = writer.WriteError("ERR Error spawning producer: " + err.Error())
249 | break
250 | }
251 |
252 | metadata, err := prod.rdProd.GetMetadata(nil, true, 100)
253 | if err != nil {
254 | writeErr = writer.WriteError("ERR Error getting metadata: " + err.Error())
255 | break
256 | }
257 |
258 | var topic_names []interface{}
259 |
260 | for topic_name, _ := range metadata.Topics {
261 | topic_names = append(topic_names, "topics:"+topic_name)
262 | }
263 |
264 | if len(topic_names) > 0 {
265 | writeErr = writer.WriteObjects(topic_names...)
266 | } else {
267 | // we need to return empty array here
268 | _, writeErr = writer.Write([]byte{'*', '0', '\r', '\n'})
269 | }
270 | // Reset producer/consumer statistics
271 | //
272 | // DEL stats
273 | case "DEL":
274 | key := strings.ToUpper(string(command.Get(1)))
275 | if key != "STATS" {
276 | writeErr = writer.WriteError("ERR Expected key to be 'stats', got " + key)
277 | break
278 | }
279 | stats.Reset()
280 | writeErr = writer.WriteInt(1)
281 | // Commit offsets for the given topic/partition
282 | //
283 | // RPUSH acks ::
284 | case "RPUSH":
285 | key := strings.ToUpper(string(command.Get(1)))
286 | if key != "ACKS" {
287 | writeErr = writer.WriteError("CONS You can only RPUSH to the 'acks' key")
288 | break
289 | }
290 |
291 | topic, partition, offset, err := parseAck(string(command.Get(2)))
292 | if err != nil {
293 | writeErr = writer.WriteError("CONS " + err.Error())
294 | break
295 | }
296 |
297 | if c.consumer == nil {
298 | writeErr = writer.WriteError("CONS No consumer registered for Client " + c.id)
299 | break
300 | }
301 |
302 | err = c.consumer.SetOffset(topic, partition, offset+1)
303 | if err != nil {
304 | writeErr = writer.WriteError("CONS " + err.Error())
305 | break
306 | }
307 |
308 | writeErr = writer.WriteInt(1)
309 | // Produce a message
310 | //
311 | // RPUSHX topics:
312 | case "RPUSHX":
313 | argc := command.ArgCount() - 1
314 | if argc != 2 {
315 | writeErr = writer.WriteError("PROD RPUSHX accepts 2 arguments, got " + strconv.Itoa(argc))
316 | break
317 | }
318 |
319 | parts := bytes.Split(command.Get(1), []byte(":"))
320 | if len(parts) != 2 && len(parts) != 3 {
321 | errMsg := "PROD First argument must be in the form of 'topics:' or 'topics::'"
322 | writeErr = writer.WriteError(errMsg)
323 | break
324 | }
325 | topic := string(parts[1])
326 | tp := rdkafka.TopicPartition{Topic: &topic, Partition: rdkafka.PartitionAny}
327 | kafkaMsg := &rdkafka.Message{TopicPartition: tp, Value: command.Get(2)}
328 |
329 | if len(parts) == 3 {
330 | kafkaMsg.Key = parts[2]
331 | }
332 |
333 | prod, err := c.Producer(cfg.Librdkafka.Producer)
334 | if err != nil {
335 | writeErr = writer.WriteError("PROD Error spawning producer: " + err.Error())
336 | break
337 | }
338 |
339 | err = prod.Produce(kafkaMsg)
340 | if err != nil {
341 | writeErr = writer.WriteError("PROD " + err.Error())
342 | break
343 | }
344 | writeErr = writer.WriteInt(1)
345 | // Flush the producer
346 | //
347 | // DUMP
348 | case "DUMP":
349 | if c.producer == nil {
350 | writeErr = writer.WriteInt(0)
351 | break
352 | }
353 |
354 | argc := command.ArgCount() - 1
355 | if argc != 1 {
356 | writeErr = writer.WriteError("PROD DUMP accepts 1 argument, got " + strconv.Itoa(argc))
357 | break
358 | }
359 |
360 | timeoutMs, err := strconv.Atoi(string(command.Get(1)))
361 | if err != nil {
362 | writeErr = writer.WriteError("PROD NaN")
363 | break
364 | }
365 | writeErr = writer.WriteInt(int64(c.producer.Flush(timeoutMs)))
366 | case "CLIENT":
367 | subcmd := strings.ToUpper(string(command.Get(1)))
368 | switch subcmd {
369 | // Set the consumer group.id and name
370 | //
371 | // CLIENT SETNAME :
372 | case "SETNAME":
373 | prevID := c.id
374 | newID := string(command.Get(2))
375 |
376 | _, ok := s.clientByID.Load(newID)
377 | if ok {
378 | writeErr = writer.WriteError(fmt.Sprintf("CONS id %s is already taken", newID))
379 | break
380 | }
381 |
382 | err := c.SetID(newID)
383 | if err != nil {
384 | writeErr = writer.WriteError("CONS " + err.Error())
385 | break
386 | }
387 | s.clientByID.Store(newID, c)
388 | s.clientByID.Delete(prevID)
389 | writeErr = writer.WriteBulkString("OK")
390 | // Get the consumer group.id and name
391 | case "GETNAME":
392 | writeErr = writer.WriteBulkString(c.id)
393 | default:
394 | writeErr = writer.WriteError("Command not supported: " + subcmd)
395 | }
396 | case "QUIT":
397 | writer.WriteBulkString("OK")
398 | writer.Flush()
399 | return
400 | case "PING":
401 | writeErr = writer.WriteSimpleString("PONG")
402 | // Stream back every command processed by the Rafka server.
403 | //
404 | // MONITOR
405 | case "MONITOR":
406 | argCnt := command.ArgCount()
407 | if argCnt > 1 {
408 | writeErr = writer.WriteError("ERR command 'monitor' does not accept any extra arguments")
409 | break
410 | }
411 | s.monitorChans.Store(c.id, c.monitorChan)
412 | s.log.Printf("New monitor client: %s (active monitors: %d)\n", c.id, s.activeMonitors())
413 | writer.WriteSimpleString("OK")
414 | default:
415 | writeErr = writer.WriteError("Command not supported: " + cmd)
416 | }
417 | }
418 | if parseErr != nil || command.IsLast() {
419 | writer.Flush()
420 | }
421 | if parseErr != nil || writeErr != nil {
422 | // parse errors are returned to the client and write
423 | // errors are non-issues, since they just indicate
424 | // the client closed the connection. That's why
425 | // we don't log anything.
426 | //
427 | // Instead, we close the connection. Clients should
428 | // establish the connections anew if needed.
429 | break
430 | }
431 | }
432 | }
433 |
434 | func (s *Server) ListenAndServe(ctx context.Context, hostport string) error {
435 | var wg, inflightWg sync.WaitGroup
436 | var err error
437 |
438 | s.listener, err = net.Listen("tcp", hostport)
439 | if err != nil {
440 | return err
441 | }
442 | s.log.Print("Listening on " + hostport)
443 |
444 | wg.Add(1)
445 | go func() {
446 | defer wg.Done()
447 | s.monitorHandler()
448 | }()
449 |
450 | wg.Add(1)
451 | go func() {
452 | defer wg.Done()
453 | <-ctx.Done()
454 | s.shutdown()
455 | }()
456 |
457 | Loop:
458 | for {
459 | select {
460 | case <-ctx.Done():
461 | break Loop
462 | default:
463 | conn, err := s.listener.Accept()
464 | if err != nil {
465 | // we know that closing a listener that blocks
466 | // on Accept() will return this error
467 | if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "use of closed network connection") {
468 | s.log.Println("Accept error: ", err)
469 | }
470 | } else {
471 | inflightWg.Add(1)
472 | go func() {
473 | defer inflightWg.Done()
474 | s.Handle(ctx, conn)
475 | }()
476 | }
477 | }
478 | }
479 |
480 | wg.Wait()
481 | inflightWg.Wait()
482 | return nil
483 | }
484 |
485 | // shutdown closes current clients and also stops accepting new clients in a
486 | // non-blocking manner
487 | func (s *Server) shutdown() {
488 | // Stop accepting new consumers while a server shutdown operation is in-progress.
489 | s.teardownLock.Lock()
490 | s.teardown = true
491 | s.teardownLock.Unlock()
492 |
493 | // Close clients with at least 1 consumer. These clients may have
494 | // producers too, but we assume that they are non-critical so we close
495 | // them at this point too, which is earlier than the others (see below).
496 | s.clientByID.Range(func(id, client interface{}) bool {
497 | c, ok := client.(*Client)
498 | if !ok {
499 | s.log.Printf("Couldn't convert %#v to Client", c)
500 | return false
501 | }
502 |
503 | if c.consumer != nil {
504 | // This ugliness is due to the go-redisproto parser's
505 | // not having a selectable channel for reading input.
506 | // We're stuck with blocking on ReadCommand() and
507 | // unblocking it by closing the client's connection.
508 | c.conn.Close()
509 | }
510 |
511 | return true
512 | })
513 |
514 | // wait for consumers to actually close
515 | s.consumersWg.Wait()
516 |
517 | // stop accepting new clients and unblock Accept()
518 | err := s.listener.Close()
519 | if err != nil {
520 | log.Printf("error closing listener: %s", err)
521 | }
522 |
523 | // close the rest of the clients (ie. those that have only producers).
524 | s.clientByID.Range(func(id, client interface{}) bool {
525 | c, ok := client.(*Client)
526 | if !ok {
527 | s.log.Printf("Couldn't convert %#v to Client", c)
528 | return false
529 | }
530 | // This ugliness is due to the go-redisproto parser's
531 | // not having a selectable channel for reading input.
532 | // We're stuck with blocking on ReadCommand() and
533 | // unblocking it by closing the client's connection.
534 | c.conn.Close()
535 | return true
536 | })
537 |
538 | // ensure that the server's monitoring channel is closed
539 | close(s.srvMonitorChan)
540 | }
541 |
542 | // parseTopicsAndConfig parses the "topics:topic1,topic2:{config}" into
543 | // an array of topics and a config map
544 | func parseTopicsAndConfig(s string) ([]string, rdkafka.ConfigMap, error) {
545 | parts := strings.SplitN(s, ":", 3)
546 | if len(parts) < 2 || parts[0] != "topics" {
547 | return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("Cannot parse topics from `%s`", s)
548 | }
549 |
550 | topics := strings.Split(parts[1], ",")
551 | if len(topics) == 0 {
552 | return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("Not enough topics in `%s`", s)
553 | }
554 |
555 | var rdconfig rdkafka.ConfigMap
556 | if len(parts) == 3 && parts[2] != "" {
557 | dec := json.NewDecoder(strings.NewReader(parts[2]))
558 | dec.UseNumber()
559 | err := dec.Decode(&rdconfig)
560 | if err != nil {
561 | return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("Error parsing configuration from '%s'; %s", parts[2], err)
562 | }
563 | }
564 |
565 | return topics, rdconfig, nil
566 | }
567 |
568 | func parseAck(ack string) (string, int32, rdkafka.Offset, error) {
569 | parts := strings.SplitN(ack, ":", 3)
570 | if len(parts) != 3 {
571 | return "", 0, 0, fmt.Errorf("Cannot parse ack: '%s'", ack)
572 | }
573 |
574 | var err error
575 |
576 | partition64, err := strconv.ParseInt(parts[1], 10, 32)
577 | if err != nil {
578 | return "", 0, 0, err
579 | }
580 | partition := int32(partition64)
581 |
582 | offset, err := strconv.ParseInt(parts[2], 0, 64)
583 | if err != nil {
584 | return "", 0, rdkafka.Offset(0), err
585 | }
586 |
587 | return parts[0], partition, rdkafka.Offset(offset), nil
588 | }
589 |
590 | func msgToRedis(msg *rdkafka.Message) []interface{} {
591 | tp := msg.TopicPartition
592 |
593 | return []interface{}{
594 | "topic",
595 | *tp.Topic,
596 | "partition",
597 | int64(tp.Partition),
598 | "offset",
599 | int64(tp.Offset),
600 | "value",
601 | msg.Value}
602 | }
603 |
604 | // activeMonitors returns the connected monitoring client count.
605 | func (s *Server) activeMonitors() int {
606 | monitorCnt := 0
607 |
608 | s.monitorChans.Range(func(id, channel interface{}) bool {
609 | _, ok := channel.(chan string)
610 | if !ok {
611 | s.log.Printf("Couldn't cast %#v to chan string", channel)
612 | return false
613 | }
614 |
615 | monitorCnt += 1
616 | return true
617 | })
618 |
619 | return monitorCnt
620 | }
621 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/stats.go:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | // Copyright 2017-2019 Skroutz S.A.
2 | //
3 | // This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
4 | // it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
5 | // the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
6 | // (at your option) any later version.
7 | //
8 | // This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
9 | // but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
10 | // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
11 | // GNU General Public License for more details.
12 | //
13 | // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
14 | // along with this program. If not, see .
15 | package main
16 |
17 | import (
18 | "strconv"
19 | "sync/atomic"
20 | )
21 |
22 | type Stats struct {
23 | producerUnflushed uint64
24 | producerErr uint64
25 | producerUnknownEvents uint64
26 | }
27 |
28 | func (s *Stats) toRedis() []interface{} {
29 | return []interface{}{
30 | "producer.unflushed.messages",
31 | strconv.FormatUint(atomic.LoadUint64(&s.producerUnflushed), 10),
32 | "producer.delivery.errors",
33 | strconv.FormatUint(atomic.LoadUint64(&s.producerErr), 10),
34 | "producer.unknown.events",
35 | strconv.FormatUint(atomic.LoadUint64(&s.producerUnknownEvents), 10),
36 | }
37 | }
38 |
39 | func (s *Stats) Reset() {
40 | atomic.StoreUint64(&s.producerUnflushed, 0)
41 | atomic.StoreUint64(&s.producerErr, 0)
42 | atomic.StoreUint64(&s.producerUnknownEvents, 0)
43 | }
44 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/test/Dockerfile:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | # DIST and RDKAFKA_VERSION are required build arguments.
2 | ARG DIST
3 | FROM debian:${DIST}
4 |
5 | ARG RDKAFKA_VERSION
6 |
7 | RUN apt-get update && \
8 | apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
9 | procps \
10 | curl gnupg \
11 | build-essential
12 |
13 | ADD skroutz-stable.list /etc/apt/sources.list.d/
14 | ADD skroutz-pu.list /etc/apt/sources.list.d/
15 | RUN curl -sSL http://debian.skroutz.gr/skroutz.asc | apt-key add -
16 |
17 | RUN apt-get update && \
18 | apt-get install -y \
19 | golang \
20 | go-dep \
21 | git \
22 | ruby-full \
23 | bundler \
24 | confluent-kafka-2.11 \
25 | default-jre
26 |
27 | # build librdkafka
28 | RUN git clone git://github.com/edenhill/librdkafka /tmp/librdkafka
29 | WORKDIR /tmp/librdkafka
30 | RUN git checkout ${RDKAFKA_VERSION} && ./configure --libdir=/usr/lib/$(dpkg-architecture -q DEB_HOST_GNU_TYPE) && make && make install
31 |
32 | ENV GOPATH /root/go
33 | ENV RAFKA rafka:6380
34 | VOLUME $GOPATH/src/github.com/skroutz/rafka
35 | WORKDIR $GOPATH/src/github.com/skroutz/rafka
36 |
37 | EXPOSE 6380
38 |
39 | CMD ["make", "run-rafka-local"]
40 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/test/Gemfile:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | source 'https://rubygems.org'
2 |
3 | gem "rafka", "0.5.0"
4 | gem "minitest"
5 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/test/Gemfile.lock:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | GEM
2 | remote: https://rubygems.org/
3 | specs:
4 | minitest (5.11.3)
5 | rafka (0.5.0)
6 | redis (>= 3.3.2)
7 | redis (4.1.3)
8 |
9 | PLATFORMS
10 | ruby
11 |
12 | DEPENDENCIES
13 | minitest
14 | rafka (= 0.5.0)
15 |
16 | BUNDLED WITH
17 | 1.17.3
18 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/test/README.md:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | This directory contains Rafka's end-to-end tests. They test a full Rafka/Kafka
2 | cluster using the [Rafka ruby driver](https://github.com/skroutz/rafka-rb).
3 |
4 | Dependencies:
5 |
6 | * Ruby & [bundler](http://bundler.io/)
7 | * A Kafka cluster. [kafka-cluster-testbed](https://github.com/skroutz/kafka-cluster-testbed) provides a Dockerized setup and
8 | is the recommended way to test Rafka.
9 |
10 | ## Setup
11 |
12 | Run `$ bundle` in this directory to ensure test dependencies are satisfied.
13 |
14 | ## Usage
15 |
16 | The easiest way to run the tests is by using Docker and
17 | [kafka-cluster-testbed](https://github.com/skroutz/kafka-cluster-testbed):
18 |
19 | First, start the Kafka cluster from kafka-cluster-testbed:
20 | ```shell
21 | kafka-cluster-testbed/ $ docker-compose up
22 | ```
23 |
24 | Then start the Rafka container (inside this directory):
25 | ```shell
26 | $ docker-compose up
27 | ```
28 |
29 | Finally, run the tests:
30 | ```shell
31 | $ ./end-to-end
32 | ```
33 |
34 | To run a specific test:
35 | ```shell
36 | $ ./end-to-end --name
37 | ```
38 |
39 | Specifying the Rafka server to connect to (default is "localhost:6380"):
40 | ```shell
41 | $ RAFKA=127.0.0.1:6381 ./end-to-end
42 | ```
43 |
44 | ## Updating dependencies
45 | To update dependencies (eg. when a new librdkafka version is out) you have to
46 | rebuild the docker image without using the cache:
47 |
48 | ```shell
49 | $ docker-compose build --no-cache
50 | ```
51 |
52 | It's good to do this once in a while since there may be new versions out.
53 |
54 |
55 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/test/docker-compose.yml:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | version: '2'
2 | services:
3 | rafka:
4 | image: skroutz/rafka
5 | build:
6 | context: .
7 | args:
8 | - DIST
9 | - RDKAFKA_VERSION
10 | volumes:
11 | - ${GOPATH}/src/github.com/skroutz/rafka:/root/go/src/github.com/skroutz/rafka
12 | container_name: rafka
13 | hostname: rafka
14 | ports:
15 | - 6381:6380
16 | ulimits:
17 | core: -1
18 | stack: 1082768
19 |
20 | networks:
21 | default:
22 | external:
23 | name: kafkaclustertestbed_default
24 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/test/end-to-end:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | #!/usr/bin/env ruby
2 | ENV["BUNDLE_GEMFILE"] ||= File.expand_path("Gemfile", File.dirname(__FILE__))
3 |
4 | require "bundler/setup"
5 | Bundler.setup(:default)
6 | require "securerandom"
7 | require "minitest/autorun"
8 | require "rafka"
9 | require_relative "test_helper"
10 |
11 | host_port = (ENV["RAFKA"] || "localhost:6381").split(":")
12 | host, port = host_port[0], Integer(host_port[1])
13 |
14 | CLIENT_DEFAULTS = { host: host, port: port, redis: { reconnect_attempts: 5 } }
15 | FLUSH_TIMEOUT = 5000
16 | CONSUME_RETRIES = 3
17 | CONSUME_TIMEOUT = 5
18 |
19 | class TestRafka < Minitest::Test
20 | def setup
21 | @prod = Rafka::Producer.new(CLIENT_DEFAULTS)
22 | end
23 |
24 | def test_consume_many
25 | with_new_topic(consumer: true) do |topic, cons|
26 | start_consumer!(cons)
27 |
28 | 3.times { |i| @prod.produce(topic, i) }
29 | assert_flushed @prod
30 |
31 | replies = []
32 | 3.times do |i|
33 | msg = consume_with_retry(cons)
34 | assert_rafka_msg msg
35 | replies << msg.value
36 | end
37 |
38 | assert_equal ["0", "1", "2"], replies.sort
39 | end
40 | end
41 |
42 | def test_produce_with_key
43 | with_new_topic(consumer: true) do |topic, cons|
44 | start_consumer!(cons)
45 |
46 | 100.times { |i| @prod.produce(topic, i, key: 'foo') }
47 | assert_flushed @prod
48 |
49 | partitions = []
50 | 100.times do |i|
51 | msg = consume_with_retry(cons)
52 | assert_rafka_msg msg
53 | partitions << msg.partition
54 | end
55 |
56 | assert_equal 1, partitions.uniq.size
57 | end
58 | end
59 |
60 | def test_many_consumers_same_topic
61 | with_new_topic do |topic|
62 | gid = rand_id
63 | cons1 = Rafka::Consumer.new(CLIENT_DEFAULTS.merge(topic: topic, group: gid, id: "cons1"))
64 | cons2 = Rafka::Consumer.new(CLIENT_DEFAULTS.merge(topic: topic, group: gid, id: "cons2"))
65 | start_consumer!(cons1)
66 | start_consumer!(cons2)
67 |
68 | msgs = ["a", "b"]
69 | msgs.each { |msg| @prod.produce(topic, msg) }
70 | assert_flushed @prod
71 |
72 | replies = []
73 | tries = 0
74 |
75 | while replies.size < 2 && tries < 10
76 | tries += 1
77 |
78 | msg = cons1.consume(1) || cons2.consume(1)
79 | next if !msg
80 |
81 | replies << msg.value
82 | replies.uniq!
83 | end
84 |
85 | assert_equal msgs.sort, replies.sort
86 | end
87 | end
88 |
89 | def test_consumer_group_rebalance
90 | with_new_topic do |topic|
91 | gid = rand_id
92 | cons1 = Rafka::Consumer.new(CLIENT_DEFAULTS.merge(topic: topic, group: gid, id: "cons1"))
93 | cons2 = Rafka::Consumer.new(CLIENT_DEFAULTS.merge(topic: topic, group: gid, id: "cons2"))
94 | msg1 = "hi"
95 | msg2 = "hello"
96 |
97 | start_consumer!(cons1)
98 | produce_and_flush!(@prod, topic, msg1)
99 | assert_rafka_msg_equal msg1, consume_with_retry(cons1)
100 |
101 | # commit offsets and shutdown so that cons2 gets all the partitions
102 | cons1.close
103 | start_consumer!(cons2)
104 |
105 | produce_and_flush!(@prod, topic, msg2)
106 |
107 | incoming = consume_with_retry(cons2)
108 | assert_rafka_msg incoming
109 |
110 | if incoming.value != msg2
111 | # it means cons2 was assigned the partition before cons1's offsets
112 | # were commited
113 | assert_rafka_msg_equal msg1, incoming
114 | assert_rafka_msg_equal msg2, consume_with_retry(cons2)
115 | else
116 | assert_rafka_msg_equal msg2, incoming
117 | end
118 | end
119 | end
120 |
121 | def test_many_consumers_different_topics
122 | with_new_topic(consumer: true) do |topic1, cons1|
123 | with_new_topic(consumer: true) do |topic2, cons2|
124 | start_consumer!(cons1)
125 | start_consumer!(cons2)
126 |
127 | @prod.produce(topic1, "I'm Mr. Meeseeks")
128 | @prod.produce(topic2, "Look at me")
129 | assert_flushed @prod
130 |
131 | assert_rafka_msg_equal "I'm Mr. Meeseeks", consume_with_retry(cons1)
132 | assert_rafka_msg_equal "Look at me", consume_with_retry(cons2)
133 | end
134 | end
135 | end
136 |
137 | def test_produce_wrong_topic
138 | assert_raises Rafka::ProduceError do
139 | # TODO(agis): first produce won't do it. This is a Rafka issue.
140 | @prod.produce("idontexist", "foo")
141 | @prod.flush
142 | @prod.produce("idontexist", "foo")
143 | end
144 | end
145 |
146 | def test_cgroup_reconnect_single_partition
147 | with_new_topic(partitions: 1) do |topic|
148 | produce_and_flush!(@prod, topic, "foo")
149 | group_a = "a_group"
150 | cons = new_consumer(topic: topic, group: group_a)
151 | assert_rafka_msg_equal "foo", consume_with_retry(cons)
152 | cons.close
153 |
154 | produce_and_flush!(@prod, topic, "bar")
155 |
156 | assert_rafka_msg_equal "bar", consume_with_retry(
157 | new_consumer(topic: topic, group: group_a))
158 |
159 | cons = new_consumer(topic: topic, group: "another_group")
160 | assert_rafka_msg_equal "foo", consume_with_retry(cons)
161 | assert_rafka_msg_equal "bar", consume_with_retry(cons)
162 | end
163 | end
164 |
165 | # This tests a real-world scenario where a client app restarts (eg. during
166 | # deployment), thus stopping and restarting its consumers.
167 | #
168 | # The flow is the following:
169 | #
170 | # 1. Consumers of a group (we call it cgroup) are consuming from topic Y
171 | # 2. Values are produced to topic Y
172 | # 3. cgroup consumes the produced values
173 | # 4. cgroup is restarted (ie. app is deployed)
174 | # 5. More values are produced to topic Y
175 | # 6. cgroup continues consuming from the last position, ie. it doesn't
176 | # reconsume values from step (2) but only from (5)
177 | def test_cgroup_reconnect_many_partitions
178 | partitions = 4
179 | input_size = 20
180 | reconsumes_tolerated = partitions + 2
181 | flunk "input_size must be even, given: #{input_size}" if input_size.odd?
182 |
183 | with_new_topic(partitions: partitions) do |topic|
184 | group = "cgroupA"
185 | input = (1..input_size)
186 | input_a, input_b = input.each_slice(input_size/2).to_a
187 | output = Hash.new(0)
188 |
189 | # produce some input and consume it
190 | cgroup = Array.new(2) { new_consumer(topic: topic, group: group) }
191 | cgroup.each { |c| start_consumer!(c) }
192 | input_a.each { |i| @prod.produce(topic, i) }
193 | assert_flushed @prod
194 |
195 | while output.size < input_a.size
196 | cgroup.each do |c|
197 | msg = c.consume(1)
198 | output[msg.value.to_i] += 1 if msg
199 | end
200 | end
201 |
202 | assert_equal input_a.to_a, output.keys.sort
203 |
204 | # restart cgroup to simulate client app deployment
205 | cgroup.each { |c| c.close }
206 |
207 | sleep 2 # sleep more than the auto.commit interval so that a commit will kick in
208 |
209 | # produce some more input and assert cgroup continues where it left
210 | # position (ie. does not re-consume input_a)
211 | cgroup = Array.new(2) { new_consumer(topic: topic, group: group) }
212 | cgroup.each { |c| start_consumer!(c) }
213 | input_b.each { |i| @prod.produce(topic, i) }
214 | assert_flushed @prod
215 |
216 | while output.size < input_size
217 | cgroup.each do |c|
218 | msg = c.consume(1)
219 | output[msg.value.to_i] += 1 if msg
220 | end
221 | end
222 |
223 | assert_equal input.to_a, output.keys.sort
224 |
225 | actual_reconsumes = output.values.inject(:+) - input_size
226 | assert actual_reconsumes <= reconsumes_tolerated,
227 | "Expected reconsumes to be <= #{reconsumes_tolerated}, " \
228 | "was #{actual_reconsumes}"
229 | end
230 | end
231 |
232 | def test_consumer_id_reclaim
233 | group, id = rand_id, rand_id
234 | cons = new_consumer(topic: "a-topic", group: group, id: id)
235 | cons.consume(1)
236 | cons.close
237 |
238 | cons = new_consumer(topic: "a-topic", group: group, id: id)
239 | cons.consume(1)
240 | end
241 |
242 | def test_consumer_id_uniqueness
243 | group, id = rand_id, rand_id
244 | cons1 = new_consumer(topic: "a-topic", group: group, id: id)
245 | cons1.consume(1)
246 |
247 | cons2 = new_consumer(topic: "a-topic", group: group, id: id)
248 | assert_raises Rafka::ConsumeError do
249 | cons2.consume(1)
250 | end
251 | end
252 |
253 | def test_stats
254 | stats = @prod.redis.hgetall("stats")
255 | assert stats.size > 0
256 | stats.keys.each { |k| assert_kind_of String, k }
257 | stats.values.each { |v| assert_kind_of Integer, Integer(v) }
258 | end
259 |
260 | def test_stats_reset
261 | @prod.redis.del("stats")
262 | @prod.produce("foo", "asemas")
263 | sleep 0.5
264 | assert_equal @prod.redis.hgetall("stats")["producer.delivery.errors"], "1"
265 |
266 | @prod.redis.del("stats")
267 | assert @prod.redis.hgetall("stats")["producer.delivery.errors"], "0"
268 | end
269 |
270 | def test_consumer_manual_commit
271 | n = 50
272 | abort "n (#{n}) must be an even number" if n.odd?
273 | gid = rand_id
274 |
275 | with_new_topic(consumer: true, partitions: 2) do |topic|
276 | cons = Rafka::Consumer.new(CLIENT_DEFAULTS.merge(
277 | topic: topic, group: gid, id: "a", auto_commit: false))
278 | start_consumer!(cons)
279 |
280 | n.times { |i| @prod.produce(topic, i) }
281 | assert_flushed @prod
282 |
283 | msg = nil
284 |
285 | # do a plain consume of all messages, without committing offsets
286 | n.times do
287 | msg = consume_with_retry(cons)
288 | assert_rafka_msg(msg)
289 | assert Integer(msg.value) < n
290 | end
291 |
292 | # restart consumer; we should start without any initial offsets since
293 | # we didn't commit
294 | cons.close
295 | msg = consume_with_retry(cons)
296 | assert_equal 0, msg.offset
297 |
298 | # restart and consume again; this time commit offsets
299 | cons.close
300 | msgs = []
301 | n.times do
302 | msg = consume_with_retry(cons)
303 | assert_rafka_msg(msg)
304 | msgs << msg
305 | end
306 | res = cons.commit(*msgs)
307 |
308 | # close causes rafka to issue a commit offsets request
309 | cons.close
310 |
311 | # restart and consume some newly-produced messages; we expect to
312 | # start with the previous offsets since we did commit. There's still
313 | # a small window until the offsets are actually committed to Kafka and
314 | # if we hit it, we expect the following assertions to fail.
315 | n.times { |i| @prod.produce(topic, n+i) }
316 | assert_flushed @prod
317 |
318 | n.times do
319 | msg = consume_with_retry(cons)
320 | assert_rafka_msg(msg)
321 | assert Integer(msg.value) >= n
322 | end
323 |
324 | cons.close
325 | end
326 | end
327 |
328 | def test_consumer_batch
329 | with_new_topic(consumer: true) do |topic, cons|
330 | 50.times { |i| @prod.produce(topic, i) }
331 | assert_flushed @prod
332 |
333 | msgs = cons.consume_batch(timeout: 0.3, batch_size: 30, batching_max_sec: 5)
334 | assert_equal 30, msgs.size
335 |
336 | msgs = cons.consume_batch(timeout: 0.3, batch_size: 9999, batching_max_sec: 2)
337 | assert_equal 20, msgs.size
338 |
339 | 50.times { |i| @prod.produce(topic, i) }
340 | assert_flushed @prod
341 |
342 | msgs = cons.consume_batch(timeout: 0.3, batch_size: 30, batching_max_sec: 0)
343 | assert_equal 30, msgs.size
344 |
345 | msgs = cons.consume_batch(timeout: 0.3, batch_size: 0, batching_max_sec: 2)
346 | assert_equal 20, msgs.size
347 | end
348 | end
349 |
350 | def test_consumer_batch_commit
351 | with_new_topic(consumer: true, partitions: 1) do |topic, cons|
352 | 50.times { |i| @prod.produce(topic, i) }
353 | assert_flushed @prod
354 |
355 | msgs = cons.consume_batch(timeout: 0.3, batch_size: 10)
356 | msgs.map! { |m| Integer(m.value) }.sort!
357 | assert_equal 9, msgs.last
358 |
359 | # close and re-consume; we should start from the previous point
360 | cons.close
361 | msgs = cons.consume_batch(timeout: 0.3, batch_size: 5)
362 | msgs.map! { |m| Integer(m.value) }.sort!
363 | assert_equal 14, msgs.last
364 |
365 |
366 | assert_raises RuntimeError do
367 | # close and re-consume with a block; we should start from the previous
368 | # point
369 | cons.close
370 | cons.consume_batch(timeout: 0.3, batch_size: 5) do |msgs|
371 | results = msgs.map { |m| Integer(m.value) }.sort
372 | assert_equal 19, results.last
373 |
374 | # raise an error to avoid committing the offsets
375 | raise "foo"
376 | end
377 | end
378 |
379 | # close and re-consume; we should get again the same messages since
380 | # the previous consume didn't commit offsets
381 | cons.close
382 | msgs = cons.consume_batch(timeout: 0.3, batch_size: 5)
383 | msgs.map! { |m| Integer(m.value) }.sort!
384 | assert_equal 19, msgs.last
385 | end
386 | end
387 |
388 | def test_consume_with_block
389 | with_new_topic(consumer: true, partitions: 1) do |topic, cons|
390 | 10.times { |i| @prod.produce(topic, i) }
391 | assert_flushed @prod
392 |
393 | msg = nil
394 |
395 | assert_rafka_msg(cons.consume)
396 | cons.consume do |msg|
397 | assert_equal 1, Integer(msg.value)
398 | end
399 |
400 | # close and restart; we should continue from where we left
401 | cons.close
402 | cons.consume do |msg|
403 | assert_equal 2, Integer(msg.value)
404 | end
405 |
406 | # consume with a block that raises an error; offsets shouldn't be
407 | # committed
408 | cons.close
409 | assert_raises RuntimeError do
410 | cons.consume do |msg|
411 | assert_equal 3, Integer(msg.value)
412 |
413 | # raise an error to avoid committing the offsets
414 | raise "foo"
415 | end
416 | end
417 |
418 | # close and re-consume; we should start again from the already consumed
419 | # messages b/c offsets weren't committed
420 | cons.close
421 | assert_equal 3, Integer(cons.consume.value)
422 | end
423 | end
424 |
425 | def test_consumer_librdkafka_config
426 | invalid_configs = [
427 | { "foo": "bar" },
428 | { "session.timeout.ms": true },
429 | ]
430 |
431 | invalid_configs.each do |cfg|
432 | assert_raises Rafka::ConsumeError do
433 | start_consumer!(new_consumer(topic: "foo", librdkafka: cfg))
434 | end
435 | end
436 |
437 | valid_configs = [
438 | {},
439 | {"session.timeout.ms": 12345, "log.connection.close": false},
440 | ]
441 |
442 | valid_configs.each do |cfg|
443 | start_consumer!(new_consumer(topic: "foo", librdkafka: cfg))
444 | end
445 |
446 | with_new_topic do |topic|
447 | produce_and_flush!(@prod, topic, "foo")
448 |
449 | cons = new_consumer(topic: topic, librdkafka: { "auto.offset.reset" => "latest" })
450 | assert_nil cons.consume(5)
451 |
452 | produce_and_flush!(@prod, topic, "bar")
453 | assert_rafka_msg_equal "bar", cons.consume(5)
454 | end
455 | end
456 | end
457 |
458 | puts "\nRunning on #{host_port.join(":")} " \
459 | "(rafka-rb #{Rafka::VERSION}, redis-rb #{Redis::VERSION} " \
460 | "CONSUME_RETRIES=#{CONSUME_RETRIES}, CONSUME_TIMEOUT=#{CONSUME_TIMEOUT})..."
461 |
462 | retries = 0
463 | rafka_up = false
464 |
465 | while retries < 4 && !rafka_up
466 | retries += 1
467 |
468 | begin
469 | rafka_up = Rafka::Producer.new(CLIENT_DEFAULTS).ping == "PONG"
470 | rescue => Redis::CannotConnectError
471 | rafka_up = false
472 | sleep 1
473 | end
474 | end
475 |
476 | abort "Could not PING Rafka server. Is it up?" if !rafka_up
477 |
478 | $topics = []
479 |
480 | MiniTest.after_run do
481 | puts "Deleting (#{$topics.count}) test topics..."
482 | $topics.each { |t| delete_kafka_topic!(t) }
483 | end
484 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/test/kafka_helpers.rb:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | def create_topic!(topic, partitions:, replication_factor:)
2 | success = system(
3 | "kafka-topics --create --topic #{topic} " \
4 | "--partitions #{partitions} --replication-factor #{replication_factor} " \
5 | "--zookeeper \"zoo1,zoo2,zoo3\""
6 | )
7 | raise "Error creating topic #{topic}" if !success
8 | end
9 |
10 | def delete_topic!(topic)
11 | success = system(
12 | "kafka-topics --delete --topic #{topic} --if-exists " \
13 | "--zookeeper \"zoo1,zoo2,zoo3\""
14 | )
15 | raise "Error deleting topic #{topic}" if !success
16 | end
17 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/test/librdkafka.test.json:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | {
2 | "general": {
3 | "api.version.request": true,
4 | "bootstrap.servers": "kc1.docker,kc2.docker",
5 | "session.timeout.ms": 2000,
6 | "log.connection.close": false,
7 | "heartbeat.interval.ms": 500,
8 | "log_level": 0
9 | },
10 | "consumer": {
11 | "go.events.channel.enable": false,
12 | "go.application.rebalance.enable": false,
13 | "enable.auto.commit": true,
14 | "auto.commit.interval.ms": 1000,
15 | "enable.auto.offset.store": false,
16 | "auto.offset.reset": "earliest",
17 | "enable.partition.eof": false
18 | },
19 | "producer": {
20 | "go.delivery.reports": true,
21 | "queue.buffering.max.ms": 0,
22 | "message.send.max.retries": 2,
23 | "retry.backoff.ms": 100
24 | }
25 | }
26 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/test/skroutz-pu.list:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | deb http://debian.skroutz.gr/debian/ stretch-skroutz-proposed-updates main non-free
2 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/test/skroutz-stable.list:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | deb http://debian.skroutz.gr/debian/ stretch-skroutz main non-free
2 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/test/test_helper.rb:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | def rand_id
2 | SecureRandom.hex(3)
3 | end
4 |
5 | def new_consumer(topic:, group: rand_id, id: rand_id, librdkafka: {})
6 | Rafka::Consumer.new(
7 | CLIENT_DEFAULTS.merge(topic: topic, group: group, id: id, librdkafka: librdkafka)
8 | )
9 | end
10 |
11 | # @return [nil, Rafka::Message]
12 | def consume_with_retry(consumer, timeout: CONSUME_TIMEOUT, retries: CONSUME_RETRIES)
13 | res = nil
14 | retries.times do
15 | res = consumer.consume(timeout)
16 | return res if res
17 | end
18 | res
19 | end
20 |
21 | def produce_and_flush!(prod, topic, msg)
22 | prod.produce(topic, msg)
23 | assert_flushed prod
24 | end
25 |
26 | def start_consumer!(cons)
27 | cons.consume(1)
28 | end
29 |
30 | # Creates a new topic and optionally a consumer to consume from it.
31 | def with_new_topic(topic: "r-#{rand_id}", partitions: 4, replication_factor: 2,
32 | consumer: false)
33 | create_kafka_topic!(topic, partitions, replication_factor)
34 | $topics << topic
35 |
36 | consumer = if consumer == true
37 | new_consumer(topic: topic)
38 | elsif consumer.is_a?(Hash)
39 | new_consumer(topic: topic, librdkafka: consumer)
40 | else
41 | nil
42 | end
43 |
44 | yield topic, consumer
45 | end
46 |
47 | def create_kafka_topic!(topic, part, repl_factor)
48 | out = `kafka-topics --create --topic #{topic} \
49 | --partitions #{part} --replication-factor #{repl_factor} \
50 | --zookeeper \"zoo1,zoo2,zoo3\"`
51 |
52 | raise "Error creating topic #{topic}: #{out}" if !$?.success?
53 | end
54 |
55 | def delete_kafka_topic!(topic)
56 | out = `kafka-topics --delete --topic #{topic} --if-exists \
57 | --zookeeper \"zoo1,zoo2,zoo3\"`
58 |
59 | raise "Error deleting topic #{topic}: #{out}" if !$?.success?
60 | end
61 |
62 | # ASSERTIONS
63 | def assert_rafka_msg(msg)
64 | assert_kind_of Rafka::Message, msg
65 | end
66 |
67 | def assert_rafka_msg_equal(exp, act, msg=nil)
68 | assert_rafka_msg(act)
69 | assert_equal exp, act.value
70 | end
71 |
72 | def assert_flushed(producer)
73 | assert_equal 0, producer.flush(FLUSH_TIMEOUT)
74 | end
75 |
76 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------