├── requrements.txt ├── .gitignore ├── assets ├── poetinThreaded.png └── angelineThreaded.png ├── LICENSE.md ├── README.md └── threadTone.py /requrements.txt: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | opencv-python 2 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /.gitignore: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | .DS_Store 2 | *.png 3 | *.jpg 4 | *.svg 5 | *.csv 6 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /assets/poetinThreaded.png: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/theveloped/ThreadTone/HEAD/assets/poetinThreaded.png -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /assets/angelineThreaded.png: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/theveloped/ThreadTone/HEAD/assets/angelineThreaded.png -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /LICENSE.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | The MIT License (MIT) 2 | 3 | Copyright (c) 2016 Tobias Scheepers 4 | 5 | Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: 6 | 7 | The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. 8 | 9 | THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. 10 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | # ThreadTone | a halftone representation of an image made of thread 2 | 3 | The process of generating an image with thread is an idea of [Petros Vrellis](http://artof01.com/vrellis/index.html). As I've documented [here](http://www.thevelop.nl/blog/2016-12-25/ThreadTone/) the process is comprised of three steps: 4 | 5 | * Image pre-processing (cropping, resizing, etc.) 6 | * Algorithm to place threads 7 | * In my case parsing the result to G-Code for automated fabrication 8 | 9 | ## To use this tool, run: 10 | python threadTone.py -p [image-path] -l [number-of-lines-to-draw] -n [number-of-pins-to-draw-with] 11 | 12 | ex: python threadTone.py -p kitten.jpg -l 2000 -n 250 13 | ex: python threadTone.py -p puppr.png 14 | ###### Note: imgPath is a required field, and to give a value to numPins 15 | 16 | ## A set of two example images can be found below. Please refer to my [blog](http://www.thevelop.nl/blog/2016-12-25/ThreadTone/) for more details. 17 | 18 | ![Threaded portrait of Poetin](/assets/poetinThreaded.png "Threaded portrait of Poetin") 19 | 20 | ![Threaded portrait of Angelina](/assets/angelineThreaded.png "Threaded portrait of Angelina") 21 | 22 | ## License 23 | 24 | This script is released under MIT License. 25 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /threadTone.py: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | #!/usr/bin/env python 2 | 3 | import sys 4 | import cv2 5 | import numpy as np 6 | 7 | # Parameters 8 | imgRadius = 500 # Number of pixels that the image radius is resized to 9 | 10 | initPin = 0 # Initial pin to start threading from 11 | numPins = 200 # Number of pins on the circular loom 12 | numLines = 1000 # Maximal number of lines 13 | 14 | minLoop = 3 # Disallow loops of less than minLoop lines 15 | lineWidth = 3 # The number of pixels that represents the width of a thread 16 | lineWeight = 15 # The weight a single thread has in terms of "darkness" 17 | 18 | helpMessage = """ 19 | To use this tool, run: 20 | python threadTone.py -p image-path -l number-of-lines-to-draw -n number-of-pins-to-draw-with 21 | 22 | ex: python threadTone.py -p kitten.jpg -l 2000 -n 250 23 | ex: python threadTone.py -p puppr.png 24 | 25 | Note: imgPath is a required field. 26 | """ 27 | args = sys.argv 28 | 29 | # \/argument interpreter 30 | for arg in args: 31 | if arg == "-h" or arg == "-?" or arg == "help": 32 | print(helpMessage) 33 | sys.exit() 34 | 35 | argNum = 1 36 | while argNum < len(args): 37 | if args[argNum][0] == "-": 38 | flag = args[argNum] 39 | if flag == "-p" or flag == "-P": 40 | argument = args[argNum + 1] 41 | imgPath = args[argNum + 1] 42 | argNum += 2 43 | elif flag == "-l" or flag == "-L": 44 | try: 45 | int(args[argNum + 1]) 46 | except ValueError: 47 | print("'" + args[argNum + 1] + "' is not an integer, please input an integer for the number of lines to draw.") 48 | sys.exit(1) 49 | numLines = int(args[argNum + 1]) 50 | argNum += 2 51 | elif flag == "-n" or flag == "-N": 52 | try: 53 | int(args[argNum + 1]) 54 | except ValueError: 55 | print("'" + args[argNum + 1] + "' is not an integer, please input an integer for the number of pins.") 56 | sys.exit(1) 57 | numPins = int(args[argNum + 1]) 58 | argNum += 2 59 | else: 60 | print("Invalid flag: " + args[argNum]) 61 | sys.exit(1) 62 | else: 63 | print("Invalid flag: " + args[argNum]) 64 | sys.exit(1) 65 | 66 | # \/main processes 67 | banner = """ 68 | __ __ ________ 69 | / /_/ /_ ________ ____ _____/ /_ __/___ ____ ___ 70 | / __/ __ \/ ___/ _ \/ __ `/ __ / / / / __ \/ __ \/ _ \\ 71 | / /_/ / / / / / __/ /_/ / /_/ / / / / /_/ / / / / __/ 72 | \__/_/ /_/_/ \___/\__,_/\__,_/ /_/ \____/_/ /_/\___/ 73 | 74 | Build a thread based halftone representation of an image 75 | (Press: ctrl+c in this terminal window to kill the drawing) 76 | """ 77 | 78 | # Invert grayscale image 79 | def invertImage(image): 80 | return (255-image) 81 | 82 | # Apply circular mask to image 83 | def maskImage(image, radius): 84 | y, x = np.ogrid[-radius:radius + 1, -radius:radius + 1] 85 | mask = x**2 + y**2 > radius**2 86 | image[mask] = 0 87 | 88 | return image 89 | 90 | # Compute coordinates of loom pins 91 | def pinCoords(radius, numPins=200, offset=0, x0=None, y0=None): 92 | alpha = np.linspace(0 + offset, 2*np.pi + offset, numPins + 1) 93 | 94 | if (x0 == None) or (y0 == None): 95 | x0 = radius + 1 96 | y0 = radius + 1 97 | 98 | coords = [] 99 | for angle in alpha[0:-1]: 100 | x = int(x0 + radius*np.cos(angle)) 101 | y = int(y0 + radius*np.sin(angle)) 102 | 103 | coords.append((x, y)) 104 | return coords 105 | 106 | # Compute a line mask 107 | def linePixels(pin0, pin1): 108 | length = int(np.hypot(pin1[0] - pin0[0], pin1[1] - pin0[1])) 109 | 110 | x = np.linspace(pin0[0], pin1[0], length) 111 | y = np.linspace(pin0[1], pin1[1], length) 112 | 113 | return (x.astype(int)-1, y.astype(int)-1) 114 | 115 | 116 | if __name__=="__main__": 117 | print(banner) 118 | 119 | # Load image 120 | image = cv2.imread(imgPath) 121 | 122 | print("[+] loaded " + imgPath + " for threading..") 123 | 124 | # Crop image 125 | height, width = image.shape[0:2] 126 | minEdge= min(height, width) 127 | topEdge = int((height - minEdge)/2) 128 | leftEdge = int((width - minEdge)/2) 129 | imgCropped = image[topEdge:topEdge+minEdge, leftEdge:leftEdge+minEdge] 130 | cv2.imwrite('./cropped.png', imgCropped) 131 | 132 | # Convert to grayscale 133 | imgGray = cv2.cvtColor(imgCropped, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY) 134 | cv2.imwrite('./gray.png', imgGray) 135 | 136 | # Resize image 137 | imgSized = cv2.resize(imgGray, (2*imgRadius + 1, 2*imgRadius + 1)) 138 | 139 | # Invert image 140 | imgInverted = invertImage(imgSized) 141 | cv2.imwrite('./inverted.png', imgInverted) 142 | 143 | # Mask image 144 | imgMasked = maskImage(imgInverted, imgRadius) 145 | cv2.imwrite('./masked.png', imgMasked) 146 | 147 | print("[+] image preprocessed for threading..") 148 | 149 | # Define pin coordinates 150 | coords = pinCoords(imgRadius, numPins) 151 | height, width = imgMasked.shape[0:2] 152 | 153 | # image result is rendered to 154 | imgResult = 255 * np.ones((height, width)) 155 | 156 | # Initialize variables 157 | i = 0 158 | lines = [] 159 | previousPins = [] 160 | oldPin = initPin 161 | lineMask = np.zeros((height, width)) 162 | 163 | imgResult = 255 * np.ones((height, width)) 164 | 165 | # Loop over lines until stopping criteria is reached 166 | for line in range(numLines): 167 | i += 1 168 | bestLine = 0 169 | oldCoord = coords[oldPin] 170 | 171 | # Loop over possible lines 172 | for index in range(1, numPins): 173 | pin = (oldPin + index) % numPins 174 | 175 | coord = coords[pin] 176 | 177 | xLine, yLine = linePixels(oldCoord, coord) 178 | 179 | # Fitness function 180 | lineSum = np.sum(imgMasked[yLine, xLine]) 181 | 182 | if (lineSum > bestLine) and not(pin in previousPins): 183 | bestLine = lineSum 184 | bestPin = pin 185 | 186 | # Update previous pins 187 | if len(previousPins) >= minLoop: 188 | previousPins.pop(0) 189 | previousPins.append(bestPin) 190 | 191 | # Subtract new line from image 192 | lineMask = lineMask * 0 193 | cv2.line(lineMask, oldCoord, coords[bestPin], lineWeight, lineWidth) 194 | imgMasked = np.subtract(imgMasked, lineMask) 195 | 196 | # Save line to results 197 | lines.append((oldPin, bestPin)) 198 | 199 | # plot results 200 | xLine, yLine = linePixels(coords[bestPin], coord) 201 | imgResult[yLine, xLine] = 0 202 | cv2.imshow('image', imgResult) 203 | cv2.waitKey(1) 204 | 205 | # Break if no lines possible 206 | if bestPin == oldPin: 207 | break 208 | 209 | # Prepare for next loop 210 | oldPin = bestPin 211 | 212 | # Print progress 213 | sys.stdout.write("\b\b") 214 | sys.stdout.write("\r") 215 | sys.stdout.write("[+] Computing line " + str(line + 1) + " of " + str(numLines) + " total") 216 | sys.stdout.flush() 217 | 218 | print("\n[+] Image threaded") 219 | 220 | # Wait for user and save before exit 221 | cv2.waitKey(0) 222 | cv2.destroyAllWindows() 223 | cv2.imwrite('./threaded.png', imgResult) 224 | 225 | svg_output = open('threaded.svg','wb') 226 | header=""" 227 | 228 | """ % (width, height) 229 | footer="" 230 | svg_output.write(header.encode('utf8')) 231 | pather = lambda d : '\n' % d 232 | pathstrings=[] 233 | pathstrings.append("M" + "%i %i" % coords[lines[0][0]] + " ") 234 | for l in lines: 235 | nn = coords[l[1]] 236 | pathstrings.append("L" + "%i %i" % nn + " ") 237 | pathstrings.append("Z") 238 | d = "".join(pathstrings) 239 | svg_output.write(pather(d).encode('utf8')) 240 | svg_output.write(footer.encode('utf8')) 241 | svg_output.close() 242 | 243 | csv_output = open('threaded.csv','wb') 244 | csv_output.write("x1,y1,x2,y2\n".encode('utf8')) 245 | csver = lambda c1,c2 : "%i,%i" % c1 + "," + "%i,%i" % c2 + "\n" 246 | for l in lines: 247 | csv_output.write(csver(coords[l[0]],coords[l[1]]).encode('utf8')) 248 | csv_output.close() 249 | 250 | sys.exit() 251 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------