├── LICENSE ├── PhpSerial.php ├── PhpSerialModbus.php ├── README.md └── example.php /LICENSE: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE 2 | Version 2, June 1991 3 | 4 | Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc., 5 | 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA 6 | Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies 7 | of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. 8 | 9 | Preamble 10 | 11 | The licenses for most software are designed to take away your 12 | freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public 13 | License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free 14 | software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This 15 | General Public License applies to most of the Free Software 16 | Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to 17 | using it. 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Of course, the commands you use may 322 | be called something other than `show w' and `show c'; they could even be 323 | mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program. 324 | 325 | You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your 326 | school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if 327 | necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names: 328 | 329 | Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program 330 | `Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker. 331 | 332 | {signature of Ty Coon}, 1 April 1989 333 | Ty Coon, President of Vice 334 | 335 | This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into 336 | proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may 337 | consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the 338 | library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General 339 | Public License instead of this License. 340 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /PhpSerial.php: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 13 | * @author Rizwan Kassim 14 | * @thanks Aurélien Derouineau for finding how to open serial ports with windows 15 | * @thanks Alec Avedisyan for help and testing with reading 16 | * @thanks Jim Wright for OSX cleanup/fixes. 17 | * @copyright under GPL 2 licence 18 | */ 19 | class PhpSerial 20 | { 21 | public $_device = null; 22 | public $_winDevice = null; 23 | public $_dHandle = null; 24 | public $_dState = SERIAL_DEVICE_NOTSET; 25 | public $_buffer = ""; 26 | public $_os = ""; 27 | 28 | /** 29 | * This var says if buffer should be flushed by sendMessage (true) or 30 | * manually (false) 31 | * 32 | * @var bool 33 | */ 34 | public $autoFlush = true; 35 | 36 | /** 37 | * Constructor. Perform some checks about the OS and setserial 38 | * 39 | * @return void 40 | */ 41 | public function __construct() 42 | { 43 | setlocale(LC_ALL, "en_US"); 44 | 45 | $sysName = php_uname(); 46 | 47 | if (substr($sysName, 0, 5) === "Linux") { 48 | $this->_os = "linux"; 49 | 50 | if ($this->_exec("stty --version") === 0) { 51 | register_shutdown_function(array($this, "deviceClose")); 52 | } else { 53 | trigger_error( 54 | "No stty available, unable to run.", 55 | E_USER_ERROR 56 | ); 57 | } 58 | } elseif (substr($sysName, 0, 6) === "Darwin") { 59 | $this->_os = "osx"; 60 | register_shutdown_function(array($this, "deviceClose")); 61 | } elseif (substr($sysName, 0, 7) === "Windows") { 62 | $this->_os = "windows"; 63 | register_shutdown_function(array($this, "deviceClose")); 64 | } else { 65 | trigger_error("Host OS is neither osx, linux nor windows, unable " . 66 | "to run.", E_USER_ERROR); 67 | exit(); 68 | } 69 | } 70 | 71 | // 72 | // OPEN/CLOSE DEVICE SECTION -- {START} 73 | // 74 | 75 | /** 76 | * Device set function : used to set the device name/address. 77 | * -> linux : use the device address, like /dev/ttyS0 78 | * -> osx : use the device address, like /dev/tty.serial 79 | * -> windows : use the COMxx device name, like COM1 (can also be used 80 | * with linux) 81 | * 82 | * @param string $device the name of the device to be used 83 | * @return bool 84 | */ 85 | public function deviceSet($device) 86 | { 87 | if ($this->_dState !== SERIAL_DEVICE_OPENED) { 88 | if ($this->_os === "linux") { 89 | if (preg_match("@^COM(\\d+):?$@i", $device, $matches)) { 90 | $device = "/dev/ttyS" . ($matches[1] - 1); 91 | } 92 | 93 | if ($this->_exec("stty -F " . $device) === 0) { 94 | $this->_device = $device; 95 | $this->_dState = SERIAL_DEVICE_SET; 96 | 97 | return true; 98 | } 99 | } elseif ($this->_os === "osx") { 100 | if ($this->_exec("stty -f " . $device) === 0) { 101 | $this->_device = $device; 102 | $this->_dState = SERIAL_DEVICE_SET; 103 | 104 | return true; 105 | } 106 | } elseif ($this->_os === "windows") { 107 | if (preg_match("@^COM(\\d+):?$@i", $device, $matches) 108 | and $this->_exec( 109 | exec("mode " . $device . " xon=on BAUD=9600") 110 | ) === 0 111 | ) { 112 | $this->_winDevice = "COM" . $matches[1]; 113 | $this->_device = "\\.com" . $matches[1]; 114 | $this->_dState = SERIAL_DEVICE_SET; 115 | 116 | return true; 117 | } 118 | } 119 | 120 | trigger_error("Specified serial port is not valid", E_USER_WARNING); 121 | 122 | return false; 123 | } else { 124 | trigger_error("You must close your device before to set an other " . 125 | "one", E_USER_WARNING); 126 | 127 | return false; 128 | } 129 | } 130 | 131 | /** 132 | * Opens the device for reading and/or writing. 133 | * 134 | * @param string $mode Opening mode : same parameter as fopen() 135 | * @return bool 136 | */ 137 | public function deviceOpen($mode = "r+b") 138 | { 139 | if ($this->_dState === SERIAL_DEVICE_OPENED) { 140 | trigger_error("The device is already opened", E_USER_NOTICE); 141 | 142 | return true; 143 | } 144 | 145 | if ($this->_dState === SERIAL_DEVICE_NOTSET) { 146 | trigger_error( 147 | "The device must be set before to be open", 148 | E_USER_WARNING 149 | ); 150 | 151 | return false; 152 | } 153 | 154 | if (!preg_match("@^[raw]\\+?b?$@", $mode)) { 155 | trigger_error( 156 | "Invalid opening mode : ".$mode.". Use fopen() modes.", 157 | E_USER_WARNING 158 | ); 159 | 160 | return false; 161 | } 162 | 163 | $this->_dHandle = @fopen($this->_device, $mode); 164 | 165 | if ($this->_dHandle !== false) { 166 | stream_set_blocking($this->_dHandle, 0); 167 | $this->_dState = SERIAL_DEVICE_OPENED; 168 | 169 | return true; 170 | } 171 | 172 | $this->_dHandle = null; 173 | trigger_error("Unable to open the device", E_USER_WARNING); 174 | 175 | return false; 176 | } 177 | 178 | /** 179 | * Closes the device 180 | * 181 | * @return bool 182 | */ 183 | public function deviceClose() 184 | { 185 | if ($this->_dState !== SERIAL_DEVICE_OPENED) { 186 | return true; 187 | } 188 | 189 | if (fclose($this->_dHandle)) { 190 | $this->_dHandle = null; 191 | $this->_dState = SERIAL_DEVICE_SET; 192 | 193 | return true; 194 | } 195 | 196 | trigger_error("Unable to close the device", E_USER_ERROR); 197 | 198 | return false; 199 | } 200 | 201 | // 202 | // OPEN/CLOSE DEVICE SECTION -- {STOP} 203 | // 204 | 205 | // 206 | // CONFIGURE SECTION -- {START} 207 | // 208 | 209 | /** 210 | * Configure the Baud Rate 211 | * Possible rates : 110, 150, 300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 38400, 212 | * 57600 and 115200. 213 | * 214 | * @param int $rate the rate to set the port in 215 | * @return bool 216 | */ 217 | public function confBaudRate($rate) 218 | { 219 | if ($this->_dState !== SERIAL_DEVICE_SET) { 220 | trigger_error("Unable to set the baud rate : the device is " . 221 | "either not set or opened", E_USER_WARNING); 222 | 223 | return false; 224 | } 225 | 226 | $validBauds = array ( 227 | 110 => 11, 228 | 150 => 15, 229 | 300 => 30, 230 | 600 => 60, 231 | 1200 => 12, 232 | 2400 => 24, 233 | 4800 => 48, 234 | 9600 => 96, 235 | 19200 => 19, 236 | 38400 => 38400, 237 | 57600 => 57600, 238 | 115200 => 115200 239 | ); 240 | 241 | if (isset($validBauds[$rate])) { 242 | if ($this->_os === "linux") { 243 | $ret = $this->_exec( 244 | "stty -F " . $this->_device . " " . (int) $rate, 245 | $out 246 | ); 247 | } elseif ($this->_os === "osx") { 248 | $ret = $this->_exec( 249 | "stty -f " . $this->_device . " " . (int) $rate, 250 | $out 251 | ); 252 | } elseif ($this->_os === "windows") { 253 | $ret = $this->_exec( 254 | "mode " . $this->_winDevice . " BAUD=" . $validBauds[$rate], 255 | $out 256 | ); 257 | } else { 258 | return false; 259 | } 260 | 261 | if ($ret !== 0) { 262 | trigger_error( 263 | "Unable to set baud rate: " . $out[1], 264 | E_USER_WARNING 265 | ); 266 | 267 | return false; 268 | } 269 | 270 | return true; 271 | } else { 272 | return false; 273 | } 274 | } 275 | 276 | /** 277 | * Configure parity. 278 | * Modes : odd, even, none 279 | * 280 | * @param string $parity one of the modes 281 | * @return bool 282 | */ 283 | public function confParity($parity) 284 | { 285 | if ($this->_dState !== SERIAL_DEVICE_SET) { 286 | trigger_error( 287 | "Unable to set parity : the device is either not set or opened", 288 | E_USER_WARNING 289 | ); 290 | 291 | return false; 292 | } 293 | 294 | $args = array( 295 | "none" => "-parenb", 296 | "odd" => "parenb parodd", 297 | "even" => "parenb -parodd", 298 | ); 299 | 300 | if (!isset($args[$parity])) { 301 | trigger_error("Parity mode not supported", E_USER_WARNING); 302 | 303 | return false; 304 | } 305 | 306 | if ($this->_os === "linux") { 307 | $ret = $this->_exec( 308 | "stty -F " . $this->_device . " " . $args[$parity], 309 | $out 310 | ); 311 | } elseif ($this->_os === "osx") { 312 | $ret = $this->_exec( 313 | "stty -f " . $this->_device . " " . $args[$parity], 314 | $out 315 | ); 316 | } else { 317 | $ret = $this->_exec( 318 | "mode " . $this->_winDevice . " PARITY=" . $parity[0], 319 | $out 320 | ); 321 | } 322 | 323 | if ($ret === 0) { 324 | return true; 325 | } 326 | 327 | trigger_error("Unable to set parity : " . $out[1], E_USER_WARNING); 328 | 329 | return false; 330 | } 331 | 332 | /** 333 | * Sets the length of a character. 334 | * 335 | * @param int $int length of a character (5 <= length <= 8) 336 | * @return bool 337 | */ 338 | public function confCharacterLength($int) 339 | { 340 | if ($this->_dState !== SERIAL_DEVICE_SET) { 341 | trigger_error("Unable to set length of a character : the device " . 342 | "is either not set or opened", E_USER_WARNING); 343 | 344 | return false; 345 | } 346 | 347 | $int = (int) $int; 348 | if ($int < 5) { 349 | $int = 5; 350 | } elseif ($int > 8) { 351 | $int = 8; 352 | } 353 | 354 | if ($this->_os === "linux") { 355 | $ret = $this->_exec( 356 | "stty -F " . $this->_device . " cs" . $int, 357 | $out 358 | ); 359 | } elseif ($this->_os === "osx") { 360 | $ret = $this->_exec( 361 | "stty -f " . $this->_device . " cs" . $int, 362 | $out 363 | ); 364 | } else { 365 | $ret = $this->_exec( 366 | "mode " . $this->_winDevice . " DATA=" . $int, 367 | $out 368 | ); 369 | } 370 | 371 | if ($ret === 0) { 372 | return true; 373 | } 374 | 375 | trigger_error( 376 | "Unable to set character length : " .$out[1], 377 | E_USER_WARNING 378 | ); 379 | 380 | return false; 381 | } 382 | 383 | /** 384 | * Sets the length of stop bits. 385 | * 386 | * @param float $length the length of a stop bit. It must be either 1, 387 | * 1.5 or 2. 1.5 is not supported under linux and on 388 | * some computers. 389 | * @return bool 390 | */ 391 | public function confStopBits($length) 392 | { 393 | if ($this->_dState !== SERIAL_DEVICE_SET) { 394 | trigger_error("Unable to set the length of a stop bit : the " . 395 | "device is either not set or opened", E_USER_WARNING); 396 | 397 | return false; 398 | } 399 | 400 | if ($length != 1 401 | and $length != 2 402 | and $length != 1.5 403 | and !($length == 1.5 and $this->_os === "linux") 404 | ) { 405 | trigger_error( 406 | "Specified stop bit length is invalid", 407 | E_USER_WARNING 408 | ); 409 | 410 | return false; 411 | } 412 | 413 | if ($this->_os === "linux") { 414 | $ret = $this->_exec( 415 | "stty -F " . $this->_device . " " . 416 | (($length == 1) ? "-" : "") . "cstopb", 417 | $out 418 | ); 419 | } elseif ($this->_os === "osx") { 420 | $ret = $this->_exec( 421 | "stty -f " . $this->_device . " " . 422 | (($length == 1) ? "-" : "") . "cstopb", 423 | $out 424 | ); 425 | } else { 426 | $ret = $this->_exec( 427 | "mode " . $this->_winDevice . " STOP=" . $length, 428 | $out 429 | ); 430 | } 431 | 432 | if ($ret === 0) { 433 | return true; 434 | } 435 | 436 | trigger_error( 437 | "Unable to set stop bit length : " . $out[1], 438 | E_USER_WARNING 439 | ); 440 | 441 | return false; 442 | } 443 | 444 | /** 445 | * Configures the flow control 446 | * 447 | * @param string $mode Set the flow control mode. Available modes : 448 | * -> "none" : no flow control 449 | * -> "rts/cts" : use RTS/CTS handshaking 450 | * -> "xon/xoff" : use XON/XOFF protocol 451 | * @return bool 452 | */ 453 | public function confFlowControl($mode) 454 | { 455 | if ($this->_dState !== SERIAL_DEVICE_SET) { 456 | trigger_error("Unable to set flow control mode : the device is " . 457 | "either not set or opened", E_USER_WARNING); 458 | 459 | return false; 460 | } 461 | 462 | $linuxModes = array( 463 | "none" => "clocal -crtscts -ixon -ixoff", 464 | "rts/cts" => "-clocal crtscts -ixon -ixoff", 465 | "xon/xoff" => "-clocal -crtscts ixon ixoff" 466 | ); 467 | $windowsModes = array( 468 | "none" => "xon=off octs=off rts=on", 469 | "rts/cts" => "xon=off octs=on rts=hs", 470 | "xon/xoff" => "xon=on octs=off rts=on", 471 | ); 472 | 473 | if ($mode !== "none" and $mode !== "rts/cts" and $mode !== "xon/xoff") { 474 | trigger_error("Invalid flow control mode specified", E_USER_ERROR); 475 | 476 | return false; 477 | } 478 | 479 | if ($this->_os === "linux") { 480 | $ret = $this->_exec( 481 | "stty -F " . $this->_device . " " . $linuxModes[$mode], 482 | $out 483 | ); 484 | } elseif ($this->_os === "osx") { 485 | $ret = $this->_exec( 486 | "stty -f " . $this->_device . " " . $linuxModes[$mode], 487 | $out 488 | ); 489 | } else { 490 | $ret = $this->_exec( 491 | "mode " . $this->_winDevice . " " . $windowsModes[$mode], 492 | $out 493 | ); 494 | } 495 | 496 | if ($ret === 0) { 497 | return true; 498 | } else { 499 | trigger_error( 500 | "Unable to set flow control : " . $out[1], 501 | E_USER_ERROR 502 | ); 503 | 504 | return false; 505 | } 506 | } 507 | 508 | /** 509 | * Sets a setserial parameter (cf man setserial) 510 | * NO MORE USEFUL ! 511 | * -> No longer supported 512 | * -> Only use it if you need it 513 | * 514 | * @param string $param parameter name 515 | * @param string $arg parameter value 516 | * @return bool 517 | */ 518 | public function setSetserialFlag($param, $arg = "") 519 | { 520 | if (!$this->_ckOpened()) { 521 | return false; 522 | } 523 | 524 | $return = exec( 525 | "setserial " . $this->_device . " " . $param . " " . $arg . " 2>&1" 526 | ); 527 | 528 | if ($return[0] === "I") { 529 | trigger_error("setserial: Invalid flag", E_USER_WARNING); 530 | 531 | return false; 532 | } elseif ($return[0] === "/") { 533 | trigger_error("setserial: Error with device file", E_USER_WARNING); 534 | 535 | return false; 536 | } else { 537 | return true; 538 | } 539 | } 540 | 541 | // 542 | // CONFIGURE SECTION -- {STOP} 543 | // 544 | 545 | // 546 | // I/O SECTION -- {START} 547 | // 548 | 549 | /** 550 | * Sends a string to the device 551 | * 552 | * @param string $str string to be sent to the device 553 | * @param float $waitForReply time to wait for the reply (in seconds) 554 | */ 555 | public function sendMessage($str, $waitForReply = 0.1) 556 | { 557 | $this->_buffer .= $str; 558 | 559 | if ($this->autoFlush === true) { 560 | $this->serialflush(); 561 | } 562 | 563 | usleep((int) ($waitForReply * 1000000)); 564 | } 565 | 566 | /** 567 | * Reads the port until no new datas are available, then return the content. 568 | * 569 | * @param int $count Number of characters to be read (will stop before 570 | * if less characters are in the buffer) 571 | * @return string 572 | */ 573 | public function readPort($count = 0) 574 | { 575 | if ($this->_dState !== SERIAL_DEVICE_OPENED) { 576 | trigger_error("Device must be opened to read it", E_USER_WARNING); 577 | 578 | return false; 579 | } 580 | 581 | if ($this->_os === "linux" || $this->_os === "osx") { 582 | // Behavior in OSX isn't to wait for new data to recover, but just 583 | // grabs what's there! 584 | // Doesn't always work perfectly for me in OSX 585 | $content = ""; $i = 0; 586 | 587 | if ($count !== 0) { 588 | do { 589 | if ($i > $count) { 590 | $content .= fread($this->_dHandle, ($count - $i)); 591 | } else { 592 | $content .= fread($this->_dHandle, 128); 593 | } 594 | } while (($i += 128) === strlen($content)); 595 | } else { 596 | do { 597 | $content .= fread($this->_dHandle, 128); 598 | } while (($i += 128) === strlen($content)); 599 | } 600 | 601 | return $content; 602 | } elseif ($this->_os === "windows") { 603 | // Windows port reading procedures still buggy 604 | $content = ""; $i = 0; 605 | 606 | if ($count !== 0) { 607 | do { 608 | if ($i > $count) { 609 | $content .= fread($this->_dHandle, ($count - $i)); 610 | } else { 611 | $content .= fread($this->_dHandle, 128); 612 | } 613 | } while (($i += 128) === strlen($content)); 614 | } else { 615 | do { 616 | $content .= fread($this->_dHandle, 128); 617 | } while (($i += 128) === strlen($content)); 618 | } 619 | 620 | return $content; 621 | } 622 | 623 | return false; 624 | } 625 | 626 | /** 627 | * Flushes the output buffer 628 | * Renamed from flush for osx compat. issues 629 | * 630 | * @return bool 631 | */ 632 | public function serialflush() 633 | { 634 | if (!$this->_ckOpened()) { 635 | return false; 636 | } 637 | 638 | if (fwrite($this->_dHandle, $this->_buffer) !== false) { 639 | $this->_buffer = ""; 640 | 641 | return true; 642 | } else { 643 | $this->_buffer = ""; 644 | trigger_error("Error while sending message", E_USER_WARNING); 645 | 646 | return false; 647 | } 648 | } 649 | 650 | // 651 | // I/O SECTION -- {STOP} 652 | // 653 | 654 | // 655 | // INTERNAL TOOLKIT -- {START} 656 | // 657 | 658 | public function _ckOpened() 659 | { 660 | if ($this->_dState !== SERIAL_DEVICE_OPENED) { 661 | trigger_error("Device must be opened", E_USER_WARNING); 662 | 663 | return false; 664 | } 665 | 666 | return true; 667 | } 668 | 669 | public function _ckClosed() 670 | { 671 | if ($this->_dState === SERIAL_DEVICE_OPENED) { 672 | trigger_error("Device must be closed", E_USER_WARNING); 673 | 674 | return false; 675 | } 676 | 677 | return true; 678 | } 679 | 680 | public function _exec($cmd, &$out = null) 681 | { 682 | $desc = array( 683 | 1 => array("pipe", "w"), 684 | 2 => array("pipe", "w") 685 | ); 686 | 687 | $proc = proc_open($cmd, $desc, $pipes); 688 | 689 | $ret = stream_get_contents($pipes[1]); 690 | $err = stream_get_contents($pipes[2]); 691 | 692 | fclose($pipes[1]); 693 | fclose($pipes[2]); 694 | 695 | $retVal = proc_close($proc); 696 | 697 | if (func_num_args() == 2) $out = array($ret, $err); 698 | return $retVal; 699 | } 700 | 701 | // 702 | // INTERNAL TOOLKIT -- {STOP} 703 | // 704 | } 705 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /PhpSerialModbus.php: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | serial = new PhpSerial(); 46 | } 47 | 48 | // Initialize serial port with specified parameters 49 | public function deviceInit($port='/dev/ttyUSB0', $baud=115200, $parity='none', $char=8, $sbits=1, $flow='none') 50 | { 51 | $this->serial->deviceSet($port); 52 | $this->serial->confBaudRate($baud); 53 | $this->serial->confParity($parity); 54 | $this->serial->confCharacterLength($char); 55 | $this->serial->confStopBits($sbits); 56 | $this->serial->confFlowControl($flow); 57 | exec('stty -F '.$port.' -brkint -icrnl -imaxbel -opost -isig -icanon -echo -echoe'); 58 | return $this->serial->_dState; 59 | } 60 | 61 | // Open serial port 62 | public function deviceOpen() 63 | { 64 | $this->serial->deviceOpen(); 65 | return $this->serial->_dState; 66 | } 67 | 68 | // Close serial port 69 | public function deviceClose() 70 | { 71 | $this->serial->deviceClose(); 72 | return $this->serial->_dState; 73 | } 74 | 75 | // Calculate CRC16 (ModBus) 76 | public function crc16($data) 77 | { 78 | $crc = 0xFFFF; 79 | for ($i = 0; $i < strlen($data); $i++) 80 | { 81 | $crc ^=ord($data[$i]); 82 | for ($j = 8; $j !=0; $j--) 83 | { 84 | if (($crc & 0x0001) !=0) 85 | { 86 | $crc >>= 1; 87 | $crc ^= 0xA001; 88 | } 89 | else 90 | $crc >>= 1; 91 | } 92 | } 93 | $highCrc=floor($crc/256); 94 | $lowCrc=($crc-$highCrc*256); 95 | return chr($lowCrc).chr($highCrc); 96 | } 97 | 98 | // Convert bin string to readable hex 99 | private function bin2hexString ($binString) 100 | { 101 | $hexString=bin2hex($binString); 102 | $hexString=chunk_split($hexString,2,"\\x"); 103 | $hexString= "\\x" . substr($hexString,0,-2); 104 | return $hexString; 105 | } 106 | 107 | 108 | private function Hex2String($hex){ 109 | $string=''; 110 | for ($i=0; $i < strlen($hex)-1; $i+=2){ 111 | $string .= chr(hexdec($hex[$i].$hex[$i+1])); 112 | } 113 | return $string; 114 | } 115 | 116 | //convert from uint16_t to int16_t or any other format 117 | public function convertResponse($input, $format = 'uint16_t'){ 118 | 119 | $output = []; 120 | 121 | for($i = 0; $i < count($input); $i+=2) 122 | { 123 | 124 | $output[$i] = hexdec($input[$i].$input[($i+1)]); 125 | 126 | //conv. for 16-bit signed integer 127 | if($format == 'int16_t'){ 128 | if($output[$i] > 32767) $output[$i] -= 65536; 129 | } 130 | else if($format == 'str') 131 | { 132 | $output[$i] = $this->Hex2String($input[$i].$input[($i+1)]); 133 | } 134 | } 135 | 136 | return array_values($output); 137 | } 138 | 139 | //send raw query 140 | public function sendRawQuery ($string, $response = true) { 141 | $this->serial->sendMessage($string); 142 | if ($this->debug) print "DEBUG [query sent]: ".$this->bin2hexString($string)."\n"; 143 | if ($response) return $this->getResponse(); else return 1; 144 | } 145 | 146 | // Send Modbus query to slave 147 | public function sendQuery ($slaveId, $functionCode, $registerAddress, $regCountOrData, $response = true, $validateWrite = false) 148 | { 149 | if ( ($functionCode > 6 ) || ($functionCode < 1) ) { 150 | if ($this->debug) print "DEBUG [invalid function code]\n"; 151 | return 0; 152 | } 153 | 154 | if ($functionCode < 5) $regCountOrData = dechex($regCountOrData); 155 | 156 | $regHighByte=hexdec(substr($registerAddress,0,2)); 157 | $regLowByte=hexdec(substr($registerAddress,2)); 158 | 159 | $regCountOrData = str_pad($regCountOrData,4,"0",STR_PAD_LEFT); 160 | 161 | $rcdHighByte=hexdec(substr($regCountOrData,0,2)); 162 | $rcdLowByte=hexdec(substr($regCountOrData,2)); 163 | 164 | // Create query and convert to a binary string 165 | $query=array($slaveId, hexdec($functionCode), $regHighByte, $regLowByte, $rcdHighByte, $rcdLowByte); 166 | $queryString=implode(array_map("chr",$query)); 167 | 168 | // Calculate CRC 169 | $queryString.=$this->crc16($queryString); 170 | 171 | if ($this->debug) print "DEBUG [query sent]: ".$this->bin2hexString($queryString)."\n"; 172 | 173 | // Send over serial port 174 | $this->serial->sendMessage($queryString); 175 | 176 | // Modbus slave returns command on successful write 177 | if ($validateWrite) return $this->getResponse(false, 0, 0, $this->bin2hexString($queryString)); 178 | 179 | if ($response) return $this->getResponse(); else return 1; 180 | } 181 | 182 | // Read response from slave 183 | public function getResponse ($raw=false,$offsetl=0,$offsetr=0, $sentQuery=null) 184 | { 185 | // Time started (for timing) 186 | $startTime = microtime(true); 187 | 188 | $responseString = ''; 189 | 190 | // Allow until one second for the respone 191 | while(((microtime(true)-$startTime)<1) && ($responseString=='') ) 192 | { 193 | // Read serial port buffer (with three seconds timeout) 194 | while( ($byte = $this->serial->ReadPort()) && ((microtime(true)-$startTime)<3.0)) { 195 | $responseString=$responseString.$byte; 196 | usleep(50); 197 | } 198 | } 199 | 200 | if ($this->debug) print "DEBUG [response received]: ".$this->bin2hexString($responseString)."\n"; 201 | 202 | //validate write command by comparing response from modbus slave, if response is equal to sent query from master -> write was successful 203 | if ($this->debug && $sentQuery !== null) print "DEBUG [write verification will be done against sent query]: ".$sentQuery."\n"; 204 | if ($sentQuery !== null) 205 | { 206 | if ($sentQuery == $this->bin2hexString($responseString)) 207 | { 208 | if ($this->debug) print "DEBUG [ sent - received -> MATCH!] \n"; 209 | return true; 210 | } 211 | else 212 | { 213 | if ($this->debug) print "DEBUG [ sent - received -> NO MATCH!] \n"; 214 | return false; 215 | } 216 | } 217 | 218 | if ($raw) return $responseString; 219 | 220 | $stringLength=strlen($responseString); 221 | 222 | // If we have at least 5 bytes... 223 | if ($stringLength>=5) 224 | { 225 | // ...but no more than 5 226 | if ($stringLength==5) { 227 | if ($this->debug) print "DEBUG [no valid data]\n"; 228 | return 0; 229 | } 230 | 231 | // CRC Check 232 | $checkArray=(str_split($responseString,strlen($responseString)-2)); 233 | $crc=$this->crc16($checkArray[0]); 234 | if ($crc!=$checkArray[1]) { 235 | if ($this->debug) print "DEBUG [crc check failed]: (expected ".$this->bin2hexString($crc)." received ".$this->bin2hexString($checkArray[1]).")\n"; 236 | return 0; 237 | } 238 | 239 | // Convert string in array of bytes 240 | $responseArray = str_split($responseString); 241 | // This is the byte containing the numbere of data bytes 242 | $bytesNum = hexdec(bin2hex($responseArray[2])); 243 | 244 | // Create a new array with data without headers and CRC 245 | $responseData = array_slice($responseArray,3+$offsetl,$bytesNum-$offsetr); 246 | 247 | if ($this->debug) print "DEBUG [data]: ".$this->bin2hexString(implode($responseData))."\n"; 248 | 249 | // Return an array with hex data bytes 250 | return array_map("bin2hex",$responseData); 251 | } else 252 | { 253 | if ($this->debug) print "DEBUG [no response]\n"; 254 | return 0; 255 | } 256 | return 0; 257 | } 258 | } 259 | ?> 260 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /README.md: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | Php Serial Modbus 2 | ====== 3 | 4 | This class is an implementation of the [ModBus RTU serial protocol][modbus] (for example via RS485 port) acting as ModBus master allowing easy-to-use ModBus communication. 5 | 6 | Features 7 | ------- 8 | - Native support of function codes 01, 02, 03, 04, 05, 06 9 | - Additional function codes allowed by advanced methods 10 | - Simple single line method for communicating with slave 11 | - Timeout control 12 | - CRC check 13 | 14 | Quick start example 15 | ------ 16 | ```php 17 | deviceInit('/dev/ttyUSB0',115200,'none',8,1,'none'); 21 | $modbus->deviceOpen(); 22 | $result=$modbus->sendQuery(1,4,"310C",3); 23 | print_r($result); 24 | print "\nVoltage: ".(hexdec($result[0].$result[1])/100); 25 | $modbus->deviceClose(); 26 | ?> 27 | ``` 28 | This example will query the slave with id "1" asking the contents of Input Registers 310C, 310D and 310E and will produce the following output (on a Raspberry Pi connected via USB/RS485 converter to my Epever/Epsolar Tracer 2215BN MPPT solar charger controller): 29 | ```SH 30 | Array 31 | ( 32 | [0] => 04 33 | [1] => be 34 | [2] => 00 35 | [3] => 44 36 | [4] => 03 37 | [5] => 39 38 | ) 39 | 40 | Voltage: 12.14 41 | ``` 42 | The output is an array containing the bytes received by the slave in HEX format. Modbus registry datas are 16bit (8bit for Hi byte and 8bit for Lo byte) so the array count is 6. In order to convert this HEX data to readable format you have to convert the bytes received two by two. In the above example in order to get decimal contents of registry 310C, we have to concatenate the first two bytes received and we will obtain "04be", that in decimal is 1214 (the battery voltage * 100). 43 | 44 | 45 | Class methods and properties 46 | ------- 47 | **deviceInit** ($port='/dev/ttyUSB0', $baud=115200, $parity='none', $char=8, $sbits=1, $flow='none') 48 | >Initialize the serial port with the given parameters 49 | 50 | **deviceOpen** () 51 | >Open the serial port 52 | 53 | **sendQuery** ($slaveId, $functionCode, $registerAddress, $regNumOrCount, $response = true) 54 | >Send a query to the ModBus slave where $slaveid is the ID of the device, $functionCode is the ModBus functions code, $registerAddress is HEX address of the register we want to read/write, $regCountOrData is the count of register we want to read or the data we want to write and $getResponse (default is true) is a boolean to control if the datas have to return by the sendQuery() method or by the successive readResponse() method. The returned data is an array of HEX bytes without headers and without CRC. 55 | 56 | **readResponse** ($raw=false,$offsetl=0,$offsetr=0) 57 | >Get response from serial port. Useful for some advanced use. You can send the query with the command sendQuery() and get response after a while. If $raw is set to true you will get "raw" binary response with headers and with CRC bytes, useful for advanced data manipulation. You can optionally insert a left offset ($offsetl) and a right offset ($offsetr) on the received data (only if not in "raw" mode. 58 | 59 | **sendRawQuery** ($string, $response = true) 60 | >This method permits to send a raw query without functions or CRC control. Very useful for advanced use and for non-standard Modbus functions codes. It sends the $strings to the serial device (You can use the format \x - For example the command sendQuery(1,4,"310C",3) is equivalent to sendRawQuery("\x01\x04\x31\x0c\x00\x03\x7e\xf4") 61 | 62 | **crc16** ($data) 63 | >This function return the binary CRC16 (ModBus) of $data. Userful with sendRawQuery or for additional CRC control 64 | 65 | **$debug** = false 66 | >Setting this property to TRUE will print HEX data sent and received through serial port. Useful for analyze raw data. 67 | 68 | Note 69 | ------ 70 | If you use this class in HTTPD and not CLI don't forget to give the user the permission to use serial port (for example with Apache on Debian: usermod -a -G dialout www-data) 71 | 72 | Contributors 73 | -------- 74 | This project is developed by Luca Soltoggio and is based on the class [PhpSerial] by Rémy Sanchez / Rizwan Kassim and partially inspired by Francesco Vettore's [blog][vettore]. 75 | 76 | http://arduinoelectronics.wordpress.com/ ~ http://minibianpi.wordpress.com 77 | 78 | ## Help us 79 | 80 | If you find this project useful and would like to support its development, consider making a donation. Any contribution is greatly appreciated! 81 | 82 | **Bitcoin (BTC) Addresses:** 83 | - **1LToggio**f3rNUTCemJZSsxd1qubTYoSde6 84 | - **3LToggio**7Xx8qMsjCFfiarV4U2ZR9iU9ob 85 | 86 | License 87 | ------ 88 | Copyright (C) 2016 Luca Soltoggio 89 | 90 | This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify 91 | it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by 92 | the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or 93 | (at your option) any later version. 94 | 95 | This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 96 | but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 97 | MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 98 | GNU General Public License for more details. 99 | 100 | You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along 101 | with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 102 | 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA. 103 | 104 | [//]: # 105 | 106 | [phpserial]: 107 | [vettore]: 108 | [modbus]: http://modbustools.com/modbus.html 109 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /example.php: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | 04 11 | [1] => b8 12 | [2] => 00 13 | [3] => 3d 14 | [4] => 02 15 | [5] => e0 16 | ) 17 | DEBUG [query sent]: \x01\x04\x31\x0c\x00\x03\x7e\xf4 18 | DEBUG [response received]: \x01\x04\x06\x04\xb7\x00\x49\x03\x71\x84\x0f 19 | ▒Iq▒ 20 | */ 21 | 22 | // Include Php Serial Modbus Class 23 | require 'PhpSerialModbus.php'; 24 | 25 | // Crate an instance of the class 26 | $modbus = new PhpSerialModbus(); 27 | 28 | // Initialize port 29 | $modbus->deviceInit('/dev/ttyUSB0',115200,'none',8,1,'none'); 30 | 31 | // Open port 32 | $modbus->deviceOpen(); 33 | 34 | // Enable debug 35 | $modbus->debug = true; 36 | 37 | // Send query to slave 1 with function code 4, asking for 3 registers from 310C 38 | $result=$modbus->sendQuery(1,4,"310C",3); 39 | print_r($result); 40 | 41 | // Send raw query 42 | $rawquery="\x01\x04\x31\x0c\x00\x03"; 43 | $modbus->sendRawQuery($rawquery.$modbus->crc16($rawquery),false); 44 | 45 | // Get response with raw data 46 | $result=$modbus->getResponse(true); 47 | print_r($result); 48 | 49 | // Close device 50 | $modbus->deviceClose(); 51 | ?> --------------------------------------------------------------------------------